15-Appendix - Detailed Scope of Work Lead Emission Screening.pdf

Appendix - Detailed Scope of Work HWO Lead Emission Screening Page 1

North Perry Airport (HWO) Lead Emission Screening Detailed Scope of Work

Background and Purpose The Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) is launching a lead emissions screening initiative related to piston-engine aircraft operations at North Perry Airport (HWO). BCAD is undertaking this initiative as a proactive, community-centered effort to assess potential environmental impacts associated with the use of 100-octane Low Lead (100LL) aviation gasoline, which contains tetraethyl-lead (TEL). While 100LL remains the standard fuel for piston-engine aircraft due to its anti-detonation and valve-lubricating properties, its continued use has raised community concerns, particularly in densely populated areas adjacent to general aviation airports.

In late 2023, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued an endangerment finding on leaded aviation fuels, prompting the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to accelerate its Eliminate Aviation Gasoline Lead Emissions (EAGLE) initiative, with a goal of phasing out lead-based fuels by 2030. Although unleaded alternatives such as G100UL and Swift Fuels UL94 are emerging, supply chain limitations currently hinder widespread implementation. In the interim, FAA Airport Grant Assurance #40 mandates continued access to 100LL at federally funded airports until viable substitutes are fully available, underscoring the need for responsible environmental stewardship.

North Perry Airport (HWO) Overview North Perry Airport (HWO), located in Pembroke Pines, Florida, has two parallel runways, is a designated reliever airport and was the busiest general aviation airport in Florida in 2024, with over 330,000 aircraft operations. The airport supports a diverse range of aviation activities, including four fixed base operators, eleven flight schools, over 400 based aircraft, and two banner towing operations. Aircraft operations are limited to a maximum takeoff weight of 12,500 pounds. In addition to aviation-related services, the airport also hosts several non-aviation facilities, such as Broward College, Broward County Mosquito Control, community recreation centers, and a City of Pembroke Pines Fire Station.

Objectives BCAD seeks to engage a qualified vendor to perform services for HWO lead emission screening. The selected vendor will integrate third-party expertise, regulatory compliance, and advanced data analysis to support the following objectives:

1. Develop a site-specific assessment framework aligned with HWO’s operational characteristics and aircraft activity.

2. Collect and analyze empirical data on airborne and soil lead concentrations to inform environmental assessments.

3. Benchmark findings against regional and national airport data to provide contextual insights.

4. Deliver actionable recommendations to mitigate lead exposure and facilitate the transition to

HWO Lead Emission Screening Page 2 unleaded aviation fuels.

5. Promote transparency and community engagement through open communication and collaborative outreach.

This initiative reflects BCAD’s commitment to science-based decision-making, regulatory alignment, and transparency, ensuring that environmental concerns are addressed with rigor, accountability, and responsiveness.

Stakeholders are defined as: community members, airport tenants, including airport flight schools, regulatory agencies and other aviation interests (i.e. North Perry Airport Community Advisory Committee).

Scope of Work

Task 1 - Discovery

The selected vendor will conduct a survey of the airport and testing areas to understand existing features that will serve as the basis of the screening activities. Sub-tasks to include the following:

Sub-Task 1.1 Determine approach to aircraft lead emission screening

Develop a comprehensive strategy encompassing site selection criteria, sampling protocols, analytical methods, and quality assurance measures, drawing from EPA guidelines (e.g., Method 3050B for soil digestion) and FAA environmental protocols to ensure scientifically defensible results that account for HWO’s high-traffic flight training environment.

Sub-Task 1.2 Review aircraft lead emission testing conducted by other airports in the region (i.e. Florida)

Compile and analyze reports from other airports to identify best practices, challenges, and lessons learned, focusing on methodological rigor, cost-effectiveness, and applicability to HWO’s urban-adjacent setting with diverse aircraft fleets.

Sub-Task 1.3 Outline data collection methodology

Define step-by-step procedures for soil coring, air filtration, and chain-of-custody documentation, including equipment calibration, field blanks, and duplicate sampling to achieve detection limits below EPA residential soil screening levels (e.g., 200ppm mg/kg for lead).

Sub-Task 1.4 Outline key considerations specific to the area

Evaluate local factors such as prevailing winds from the southeast, seasonal rainfall patterns influencing soil leaching, proximity to residential zones, and peak operational periods (e.g., morning flight training rushes) to optimize sampling timing and site prioritization for representative data.

Sub-Task 1.5 Lead testing Protocol

It is expected the awarded vendor will execute field operations over a 4–6-week period. As such, a pre-testing period should be included in the plan to include coordination with HWO operations to minimize disruptions, utilizing certified Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration

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(OSHA) technicians and real-time monitoring tools (ex. portable X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyzers) for preliminary on-site screening of soils.

Sub-Task 1.6 Implement recommended testing plan

Roll out the finalized plan with pre-testing notifications to stakeholders, adherence to OSHA safety standards for hazardous materials handling, and contingency measures for weather delays or equipment failures.

Sub-Task 1.7 Identify potential next steps

Propose phased actions such as expanded monitoring, fuel infrastructure upgrades, or EPA consultations, prioritized by risk level, cost, and alignment with EAGLE timelines and FAA Grant Assurance #40 requirements for equitable fuel access.

Task 2 – Airport Benchmarking

Although the HWO Lead Emissions screening is designed specifically for HWO, the selected Vendor will be responsible for conducting benchmarking activities to establish a baseline for comparison against other airports standards and best practices. Sub-tasks to include the following:

Sub-Task 2.1 Review of recent assessments conducted at other airports in the region

Identify and select up to five airports across the country based on criteria such as annual operations exceeding 100,000, significant piston-engine activity, and urban proximity (e.g., airports in high-density corridors);

retrieve publicly available reports from the past 2-3 years via FAA and EPA databases to evaluate program scopes, budgets, and outcomes.

Sub-Task 2.2 Summarize screening methodologies

Detail approaches including passive air samplers (e.g., high-volume filters for PM2.5 lead), soil auger sampling depths (e.g., 0-6 inches), laboratory accreditations (e.g., NELAP-certified labs), and statistical designs (e.g., geostatistical kriging for spatial interpolation), noting adaptations for airport-specific constraints like security perimeters.

Sub-Task 2.3 Summarize results

Compile key metrics such as average lead concentrations (e.g., air: µg/m³; soil: mg/kg), comparison to benchmarks (e.g., EPA Regional Screening Levels), and mitigation actions taken (e.g., enhanced filtration systems), with emphasis on how these inform HWO’s strategy while adhering to FAA Grant Assurance #40 guidance on maintaining 100LL access without undue restrictions.

Task 3 - Data Collection

Sub-Task 3.1 Implement a combination of soil and air emission screening as part of an investigation into lead levels in the area

Deploy integrated sampling campaigns aligned with aircraft activity, using EPA-approved protocols to capture

HWO Lead Emission Screening Page 4 both deposition and resuspension effects, with data quality objectives targeting <10% relative standard deviation for replicates.

Sub-Task 3.2 Airport Soil Screening

Initial soil screening will be conducted on airport property. If results indicate the presence of lead, further assessment may extend to adjacent off-airport areas.

Note: Any off-airport area testing activities may be negotiated under the contract and must receive prior written approval from the County before initiation.

The Vendor is responsible for obtaining documented consent from the property owner of any non- County-owned site where testing is proposed. This consent must acknowledge that if lead is detected at levels exceeding regulatory thresholds, it may require mandatory reporting, environmental assessment, and potential mitigation requirements for the private property owner. The property owner’s consent form must be reviewed and approved by the County prior to its use.

Sub-Task 3.2.1 Identify sample sites to include areas with a range of aircraft engine activity.

Map at least 40 sites via GIS overlays of flight tracks, run-up pads, and aircraft maintenance areas, stratifying by exposure gradients (e.g., high: within 50 ft of taxiways; low: peripheral grassy areas) to enable robust spatial analysis.

Sub-Task 3.2.2 Collect on-airport soil samples from at least 40 samples sites in different areas of the airport to provide understanding of overall airport environment.

Appropriate sample collection procedures should be followed which may include the use of clean stainless-steel corers for 0-6-inch composites, collecting 100-200g per site in pre-cleaned jars, with field logs noting GPS coordinates, vegetation cover, and recent disturbances.

Sub-Task 3.2.3 Conduct sampling near runup areas, runway ends and taxiways throughout airport with varying distances from pavements.

Prioritize areas like engine start zones (e.g., 10-100 ft offsets) and integrate historical ANOMS data to correlate samples with cumulative exposure indices.

Sub-Task 3.2.4 Perform laboratory analysis.

Engage an ISO 17025-accredited facility for ICP-OES analysis per EPA Method 6010, including matrix spikes and certified reference materials to validate accuracy within ±15%.

Sub-Task 3.2.5 Compare results to Soil Cleanup Target Level (SCTL) Residential and Commercial criteria.

Benchmark against Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) SCTLs (e.g., 400 mg/kg residential, 1,400 mg/kg commercial for lead), flagging exceedances.

Sub-Task 3.2.6 Review and interpret the data results.

Perform multivariate analyses as necessary and applicable (e.g., ANOVA for site differences, regression against activity metrics) to discern trends, with visualizations like box plots and contour maps to communicate spatial variability and hotspots.

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Sub-Task 3.3 Airport Air Emission Screening

Initial air emissions monitoring will be conducted on airport property. If results indicate elevated levels of airborne pollutants associated with airport operations, additional testing may be extended to adjacent off-airport areas. Conducting air quality assessments on private property may require owner consent, particularly if pollutant levels reach thresholds that necessitate regulatory reporting.

Note: Any off-airport area testing activities may be negotiated under the contract and must receive prior written approval from the County before initiation.

The Vendor is responsible for obtaining documented consent from the property owner of any non- County-owned site where testing is proposed. This consent must acknowledge that if lead is detected at levels exceeding regulatory thresholds, it may require mandatory reporting, environmental assessment, and potential mitigation requirements for the private property owner. The property owner’s consent form must be reviewed and approved by the County prior to its use.

Sub-Task 3.3.1 Identify sample sites near the periphery of the airport in proximity to the community.

Select up to four locations aligned with runway centerlines at boundary intersections, prioritizing downwind residential exposures based on wind rose data from NOAA stations.

Sub-Task 3.3.2 Collect on-airport samples at up to four locations on the airport near the extended runway centerline intersections with the airport boundary.

Deploy high-volume air pumps (e.g., 5-10 L/min) with quartz fiber filters for 24-hour intervals during high-activity windows, co-located with meteorological sensors for wind speed/direction.

Sub-Task 3.3.3 Perform laboratory analysis.

Analyze filters via EPA Method IO 3.1 for particulate lead, with quality controls like field blanks (target <5% contamination) and inter-lab comparisons.

Sub-Task 3.3.4 Review and interpret the data results.

Normalize concentrations to µg/m³, compare to National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) quarterly averages (e.g., 0.15 µg/m³), and if appropriate model dispersion using AERMOD to estimate off-site increments.

Task 4 – Stakeholder Engagement and Outreach Support

Sub-Task 4.1 Stakeholder engagement

Following the completion of data collection, testing, and analysis, the vendor shall lead collaborative engagement efforts with community members, airport tenants, flight schools, and regulatory agencies. This shall include a minimum of two public meetings designed to gather input and foster consensus on the findings.

Feedback surveys must be distributed and collected at each meeting to document stakeholder perspectives.

The vendor is fully responsible for organizing and facilitating these meetings, including scheduling at times that are accessible to residents, tenants, flight schools, and regulators. Responsibilities also include hosting, preparing agendas, and producing final meeting summaries.

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Sub-Task 4.2 Develop presentation materials and provide printed handout materials to support community engagement

Create presentation visuals like infographics on lead pathways and myth-busting fact sheets, ensuring materials are culturally sensitive and available in multiple languages (minimum English, Spanish, Creole) for HWO’s community. Provide appropriate number of handout materials for each event.

Sub-Task 4.3 Provide communications and event logistics and facilitation

Complete logistics and facilitation for at least two public meetings as noted in Task 4.1, with County input, including venue coordination, onsite and virtual hybrid options, facilitation of individual meetings (ex. Q & A management) and post-meeting follow-ups with Q&A recaps, to maximize participation and transparency.

Invitations and sign-in sheets, Identification badges and comment cards, presentation slide deck or visual boards and handouts for at least one hundred and fifty attendees per meeting.

Deliverables and Time of Completion for Tasks for 1-4:

After award, BCAD will issue a Notice to Proceed (NTP). The following are required deliverables and respective timeframes. Timeline may only be modified by Contract Administrator, in writing.

Task 1 – Discovery

Task 1 Deliverables:

1. Prepare a document outlining objectives/strategies for aircraft lead emissions testing (Tasks 1.1-1.7), timelines and risk management, including appendices with site maps and consent forms.

2. Provide a summary plan outlining safety protocol for conducting testing activities within an active airport environment: Incorporate FAA AC 150/5200-31C guidelines for ground operations, such as high-visibility Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), escort requirements, and Notice to Airmen (NOTAM)s for sample collection zones.

Task 1 Completion Time: 30 days after NTP

Task 2 – Airport Benchmarking

Task 2 Deliverables:

1. Document screening methodology: Include detailed SOPs with flowcharts, equipment specs (using most accurate instrumentations), and QA/QC plans to ensure reproducibility and defensibility in regulatory contexts.

2. Summary of recent assessments conducted at other airports in the region.

Task 2 Completion time: 45 days after NTP

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Task 3 – Data Collection

Task 3 Deliverables:

1. Summarize screening results: Provide executive summaries that include tables highlighting key statistics (e.g., 95th percentile concentrations), risk assessment findings, and comparisons to relevant benchmarks such as peer data, SCTLs, and NAAQSs. Interpret and review the data results, offering narrative explanations supported by uncertainty analyses (e.g., confidence intervals). Include references to compliance with EAGLE system reporting requirements and FAA Grant Assurance 40, where applicable.

2. Identify environmental conditions and aircraft activity during screening: Log parameters like temperature/humidity via Campbell data loggers and operations via tower counts, correlating with lead levels if appropriate.

Include sample sites: Provide geo-referenced tables with photos, chain-of-custody forms, and metadata (e.g., sample IDs, collection dates) for traceability.

3. Prepare draft project report for (soil and air emissions screening) to include draft executive summary and a detailed report of findings of onsite testing, including conclusions, detailed recommendations, and associated implementation timelines. Draft report will be circulated for 30-day stakeholder review.

4. Prepare and submit a certified final project report signed by a qualified environmental professional meeting EPA or OSHA standards, formatted for print/digital distribution (include pdf, with ADA properties for digital version). Provide a separate file, indicating all tracked changes based on draft Project Report review.

Task 3 Completion time: Draft Report due 75 days after NTP; Final Report due 90 days after NTP

Task 4 – Stakeholder Engagement and Outreach Support

Task 4 Deliverables:

1. Organize and conduct two events (e.g., public meetings, virtual briefings, or stakeholder workshops) to present and discuss the findings of the final report. These events should include a summary of the lead emission testing results, key conclusions, recommended actions, and opportunities for stakeholder input or questions. Documentation of each event—including agendas, attendance records, presentation materials, and a summary of stakeholder feedback.

2. Prepare PowerPoint presentation slides providing summary of findings: Design 15-20 slides with layered messaging—overview for general audiences, technical deep-dives for experts—incorporating charts, timelines, and call-to-action slides for Q&A.

3. Prepare handouts or summary materials to support engagement: Create tri-fold brochures, one-pagers on “What the Data Means,” and FAQ sheets, printed on recycled stock with QR codes linking to full reports for interactive community sessions.

Task 4 Completion time: 110 days after NTP