Corps_Safety_Manual_EM_385-1-1.pdf

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY EM 385-1-1

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CESO-ZA Washington, D.C. 20314-1000

Manual No. 385-1-1 15 September 2008

Safety

SAFETY AND HEALTH REQUIREMENTS

1. Purpose. This manual prescribes the safety and health requirements for all Corps of Engineers activities and operations.

2. Applicability. This manual applies to Headquarters, US Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE) elements, major subordinate commands, districts, centers, laboratories, and field operating activities (FOA), as well as USACE contracts and those administered on behalf of USACE. Applicability extends to occupational exposure for missions under the command of the Chief of Engineers, whether accomplished by military, civilian, or contractor personnel.

3. References.

a. 29 Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) 1910

b. 29 CFR 1926

c. 29 CFR 1960

d. Executive Order (EO) 12196

e. Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) Clause 52.236-13

This manual supersedes EM 385-1-1, 3 November 2003

f. Department of Defense Instruction (DODI) 6055.1

g. Army Regulation (AR) 40-5

h. AR 385-10.

4. General.

a. The provisions of this manual implement and supplement the safety and health standards and requirements referenced above.

Where more stringent safety and occupational health standards are set forth in these requirements and regulations, the more stringent standards shall apply.

b. Mission applicability introduced in paragraph 2 above shall include the following:

(1) Construction contract work under the provisions of FAR Clause 52.236-13. Contractors shall comply with the latest version of EM 385-1-1 (including interim changes) that is in effect on the date of solicitation. Prior to making an offer, bidders should check the HQUSACE Safety and Occupational Health web site (see paragraph

c) for the latest changes. No separate payment will be made for compliance with this paragraph or for compliance with other safety and health requirements of this contract. Note: Existing contracts will continue to apply the provisions of the previous edition of this manual until contract completion.

(2) Service, supply, and research and development contracting actions. Compliance with this manual shall be a contract requirement for such activities unless technical representatives (in coordination with safety and health professionals) advise that special precautions are not appropriate due to extremely limited scope of services or similar. However, it is understood that this manual in its entirety may be too complex for the type of work being performed under these contracts. These contractors may reference Appendix A, paragraph 11 for limited scope Accident Prevention Plan (APP).

(3) Contracting actions for hazardous, toxic, and radioactive waste site investigation, design, or remediation activities.

Compliance with this manual shall be a contract requirement.

c. Changes. All interim changes (changes made between publication of new editions) to this manual, and the effective date of change, will be posted on the Safety and Occupational Health Office web site:

http://www.usace.army.mil/CESO/Pages/Home.aspx and in USACE Electronic bid Sets. Hard copies of this manual are available from the local contracting official.

d. Interpretations. Within the Corps of Engineers, interpretations to the requirements contained within this manual shall be executed in accordance with the process contained in Appendix M. Interpretations will apply only to the specific situation in question and may not be used as a precedent to determine the meaning of a requirement as it may apply to another circumstance.

e. Variances and Waivers. Within the Corps of Engineers, variances and waivers to provisions of this manual require the approval of the Chief of Safety and Occupational Health, HQUSACE. Variances or waivers shall provide an equal or greater level of protection, shall be substantiated with a hazard analysis of the activity and shall be documented and forwarded through channels to Chief of Safety and Occupational Health, HQUSACE.

The process for requesting variances or waivers is contained in Appendix N.

f. Activities performed OCONUS. Some of the technical requirements of this manual may not be applicable to overseas activities due to conflicting circumstances, practices, and laws or regulations of the locality or the unavailability of equipment. In such instances, means other than the ones specified in this manual may be used to achieve the required protection. In such instances, a hazard analysis must be developed to document that the required protection will be achieved by the alternate means.

http://www.usace.army.mil/CESO/Pages/Home.aspx�

h. The use of underlining in this manual indicates new or changed text from the 2003 version.

i. Supplementation of this manual is not authorized except as published by the Safety and Occupational Health Office, HQUSACE.

( 1) Local USACE organizations may develop Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to implement the provisions contained within this manual, but may not implement new requirements without the specific approval of HQUSACE.

(2) Locally developed Safety and Health Requirements will not be included in contract requirements without the approval of

HQUSACE.

FOR THE COMMANDER:

AE~lijMILL Colonel, Corps of Engineers Chief of Staff

EM 385-1-1

05 Jul 11 i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

1. Program Management ............................................................ 1-1 A. General ....................................................................... 1-1 B. Indoctrination and Training ........................................ 1-13 C. Physical Qualification of Employees ......................... 1-16 D. Accident Reporting and Recordkeeping .................... 1-18 E. Emergency Planning ................................................ 1-20 F. Emergency Operations ............................................. 1-21

2. Sanitation ................................................................................ 2-1 A. General Requirements ................................................ 2-1 B. Housekeeping ............................................................. 2-1 C. Drinking Water ............................................................ 2-1 D. Non-Potable Water...................................................... 2-4 E. Toilets .......................................................................... 2-4 F. Washing Facilities........................................................ 2-8 G. Showers ...................................................................... 2-8 H. Change Rooms ........................................................... 2-9 I. Clothes Drying Facilities .............................................. 2-9 J. Food Service ................................................................ 2-9 K. Waste Disposal ......................................................... 2-10 L. Vermin Control ........................................................... 2-11

3. Medical and First-Aid Requirements ....................................... 3-1 A. General ....................................................................... 3-1 B. First-Aid Kits ................................................................ 3-4 C. First-Aid Stations and Infirmaries ................................ 3-7 D. Personnel Requirements and Qualifications ............... 3-8

4. Temporary Facilities ............................................................... 4-1 A. General ....................................................................... 4-1 B. Access/Haul Roads ..................................................... 4-4

5. Personal Protective and Safety Equipment............................. 5-1 A. General ....................................................................... 5-1 ii

B. Eye and Face Protection ............................................. 5-3 C. Hearing Protection and Noise Control ....................... 5-12 D. Head Protection ........................................................ 5-15 E. Protective Footwear ................................................. .5-17 F. High-Visibility Apparel ................................................ 5-18 G. Respiratory Protection .............................................. 5-19

H. Personal Fall Arrest Equipment Including Lineman’s Equipment Including Linemen’s Equipment (Electrically Rated Harnesses). .................................................... 5-24

I. Electrical Protective Equipment ................................ 5-24 J. Personal Flotation Devices ....................................... 5-29 K. Lifesaving and Safety Skiffs ..................................... 5-33

6. Hazardous or Toxic Agents and Environments ....................... 6-1 A. General ....................................................................... 6-1

B. Hazardous or Toxic Agents ......................................... 6-3 C. Hot Substances ......................................................... 6-11 D. Harmful Plants, Animals, and Insects........................ 6-14 E. Ionizing Radiation ...................................................... 6-15

F. Non-ionizing Radiation and Magnetic and Electric Fields ............................................................ 6-26

G. Ventilation and Exhaust Systems ............................. 6-29 H. Abrasive Blasting ...................................................... 6-31 I. Inclement Weather and Heat/Cold Stress Management ............................................................. 6-38

J. Cumulative Trauma Prevention ................................ 6-44 K. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management ....................... 6-45 L. Control of Chromium (VI) Exposure .......................... 6-48 M. Crystalline Silica ....................................................... 6-49

7. Lighting ................................................................................... 7-1 A. General ....................................................................... 7-1

8. Accident Prevention Signs, Tags, Labels, Signals, Piping System Identification, and Traffic Control .................... 8-1 A. Signs, Tags, Labels, and Piping Systems ................... 8-1

B. Signal Systems, Personnel, and Procedures ............ 8-11 C. Traffic Control ........................................................... 8-12 iii

9. Fire Prevention and Protection ............................................... 9-1 A. General ....................................................................... 9-1 B. Flammable and Combustible Liquids .......................... 9-6 C. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LP-Gas) ........................... 9-13 D. Temporary Heating Devices ...................................... 9-18 E. First Response Fire Protection .................................. 9-24 F. Fixed Fire Suppression Systems ............................... 9-29 G. Firefighting Equipment .............................................. 9-30 H. Fire Detection and Employee Fire Alarm Systems .... 9-31 I. Fire Fighting Organizations - Training and Drilling .... 9-32 J. Fire Patrols ............................................................... 9-33 K. USACE Wild Land Fire Control ................................. 9-33

10. Welding and Cutting ........................................................... 10-1 A. General ..................................................................... 10-1 B. Respiratory Protection ............................................... 10-3 C. Fire Protection ........................................................... 10-5 D. Oxyfuel Gas Welding and Cutting ............................. 10-7 E. Arc Welding and Cutting .......................................... 10-10 F. Gas Metal Arc Welding ............................................ 10-12

11. Electrical ............................................................................. 11-1 A. General ..................................................................... 11-1 B. Arc Flash ................................................................... 11-5 C. Overcurrent Protection, Disconnects, and Switches . 11-7 D. Grounding ................................................................. 11-8 E. Temporary Wiring and Lighting ............................... 11-13 F. Operations Adjacent to Overhead Lines .................. 11-15 G. Batteries and Battery Charging ............................... 11-19 H. Hazardous (Classified) Locations ........................... 11-20 I. Power Transmission and Distribution ..................... 11-23 J. Underground Electrical Installations ....................... 11-40 K. Work in Energized Substations ............................... 11-41 L. Communication Facilities ......................................... 11-42

12. Control of Hazardous Energy .............................................. 12-1 A. General ..................................................................... 12-1 B. Training ..................................................................... 12-5 iv

C. Periodic Inspections .................................................. 12-6 D. Locks and Tags ......................................................... 12-6

E. Application and Removal of Locks and Tags ............ 12-7

13. Hand and Power Tools ....................................................... 13-1 A. General ..................................................................... 13-1 B. Grinding and Abrasive Machinery ............................. 13-3 C. Power Saws and Woodworking Machinery ............... 13-5 D. Pneumatic Tools ....................................................... 13-7 E. Explosive-Actuated Tools .......................................... 13-8 F. Chain Saws ............................................................. 13-10 G. Abrasive Blasting Machinery ................................... 13-10 H. Power-Driven Nailers and Staplers ......................... 13-11

14. Material Handling, Storage, and Disposal ........................... 14-1 A. Material Handling ...................................................... 14-1 B. Material Storage ........................................................ 14-2 C. Housekeeping ........................................................... 14-5 D. Debris Nets ............................................................... 14-6 E. Material Disposal ....................................................... 14-7

15. Rigging................................................................................ 15-1 A. General ..................................................................... 15-1 B. Personnel Qualifications ............................................ 15-2 C. Multiple Lift Rigging (MLR) ........................................ 15-3 D. Wire Rope ................................................................. 15-5 E. Chain ......................................................................... 15-8 F. Synthetic Rope Slings ............................................. 15-10 G. Slings ...................................................................... 15-12 H. Rigging Hardware ................................................... 15-14

16. Cranes and Hoisting Equipment ......................................... 16-1 A. General ...................................................................... 16-1 B. Personnel Qualifications ............................................. 16-6

C. Classification of USACE Equipment and Training of USACE Operators ...................... …………………….16-16

D. Inspection Criteria for Cranes and Hosting Equipment……………………………………………....16-18

E. Safety Devices and Operational Aids ...................... 16-29 v

F. Testing .................................................................... 16-34 G. Operation ................................................................. 16-37 H. Critical Lifts .............................................................. 16-52 I. Environmental Considerations ................................ 16-54 J. Lattice, Hydraulic, Crawler-, Truck-, Wheel-, and Ringer-Mounted Cranes ......................................... 16-55

K. Portal, Tower, and Pillar Cranes ............................. 16-57 L. Floating Cranes, Floating Derricks, Crane Barges, and Auxiliary Shipboard Mounted Cranes .............. 16-60 M. Overhead and Gantry Cranes ................................. 16-67 N. Monorails and Underhung Cranes .......................... 16-68 O. Derricks ................................................................... 16-69 P. Handling Loads Suspended from Rotorcraft .......... 16-70 Q. Material Hoists ........................................................ 16-74 R. Pile Drivers ............................................................. 16-77

S. Hydraulic Excavators, Wheel/Track/Backhoe Loaders Used to Transport/Hoist Loads w/Rigging . 16-80 T. Crane-Supported Personnel (Work) Platforms ...... .16-84 U. Base-Mounted Drum Hoists Used To Hoist Personnel, Guided And Non-Guided Worker’s Hoists [Whether Powered By Internal Combustion Engine, Electric Motor Or Other Prime Mover (Air Tuggers)]…………..……16-92

V. Powered Industrial Trucks (PITs)/Telehandlers…….16-94

17. Conveyors ........................................................................... 17-1 A. General ..................................................................... 17-1 B. Operation .................................................................. 17-7

18. Motor Vehicles, Machinery and Mechanized Equipment, All Terrain Vehicles, Utility Vehicles and other Specialty Vehicles ............................................................................... 18-1 A. General ..................................................................... 18-1 B. Guarding and Safety Devices .................................... 18-3 C. Operating Rules ...................................................... 18-10 D. Transportation of Personnel .................................... 18-13 E. Motor Vehicles (for Public Roadway Use ................ 18-14 F. Trailers .................................................................... 18-16 G. Machinery and Mechanized Equipment .................. 18-16 H. Drilling Equipment ................................................... 18-25 vi

I. All Terrain Vehicles (ATVs) and Off-Road Vehicles (ORVs) .................................................................... 18-30

J. Utility Vehicles ......................................................... 18-32 K. Specialty Vehicles ................................................... 18-34

19. Floating Plant and Marine Activities .................................... 19-1 A. General ..................................................................... 19-1 B. Access ..................................................................... 19-14 C. Marine Fall Protection Systems .............................. 19-17 D. Main Deck Perimeter Protection ............................. 19-17 E. Marine Railing Types............................................... 19-20 F. Launches, Motorboats, and Skiffs ........................... 19-24 G. Dredging ................................................................. 19-27 H. Scows and Barges .................................................. 19-29 I. Navigation Locks and Vessel Locking ...................... 19-30

20. Pressurized Equipment and Systems ................................. 20-1 A. General ..................................................................... 20-2 B. Compressed Air and Gas Systems ........................... 20-5 C. Boilers and Systems ................................................. 20-9 D. Compressed Gas Cylinders .................................... 20-11

21. Fall Protection ..................................................................... 21-1 A. General ..................................................................... 21-1 B. Training ..................................................................... 21-3 C. Fall Protection Program ............................................ 21-4 D. Controlled Access Zones .......................................... 21-6 E. Fall Protection Systems ............................................. 21-6 F. Covers ..................................................................... 21-10 G. Safety Net Systems ................................................ 21-10 H. Personal Fall Protection Systems ........................... 21-12 I. Ladder-Climbing Devices (LCDS) ........................... 21-21

J. Scaffolds, Aerial Lift Equipment and Moveable Work Platforms................................................................. 21-21

K. Warning Line Systems (WLS) ................................. 21-22 L. Safety Monitoring Systems (SMS) ........................... 21-24

M. Rescue Plan and Procedures… .............................. 21-24 N. Working Over or Near Water .................................. 21-24 vii

22. Work Platforms and Scaffolding .......................................... 22-1 A. General ..................................................................... 22-1 B. Scaffolds - General.................................................... 22-3 C. Metal Scaffolds and Towers .................................... 22-10 D. Wood Pole Scaffolds ............................................... 22-14 E. Suspended Scaffolds .............................................. 22-19 F. Hanging Scaffolds ................................................... 22-29 G. Form and Carpenter’s Bracket Scaffolds ................ 22-34 H. Horse Scaffolds ....................................................... 22-37 I. Pump Jack Scaffolds .............................................. 22-37 J. Adjustable Scaffolds ............................................... 22-39 K. Crane-Supported Work (Personnel) Platforms ....... 22-40 L. Elevating Work Platforms .................................. ….22-40

M. Vehicle-Mounted Elevating and Rotating Work Platforms (Aerial Devices/Lifts) ............................... 22-41

N. Mast Climbing Work Platforms ................................ 22-44 O. Roofing Brackets .................................................... 22-45 P. Stilts ........................................................................ 22-45

23. Demolition ........................................................................... 23-1 A. General ..................................................................... 23-1 B. Debris Removal ......................................................... 23-4 C. Wall Removal ............................................................ 23-6 D. Floor Removal ........................................................... 23-7 E. Steel Removal ........................................................... 23-8 F. Mechanical Demolition .............................................. 23-8

24. Safe Access, Ladders, Floor & Wall Openings, Stairs and Railing Systems ................................................................... 24-1 A. Safe Access – General ............................................. 24-1

B. Ladders ..................................................................... 24-4 C. Handrails .................................................................. 24-8 D. Floor, Wall and Roof Holes and Openings ............... 24-9 E. Stairways ................................................................ 24-11 F. Ramps, Runways and Trestles ............................... 24-13 G. Personnel Hoists and Elevators ............................. 24-14

25. Excavations and Trenching ................................................. 25-1 A. General ..................................................................... 25-1 viii

B. Safe Access .............................................................. 25-7 C. Sloping and Benching ............................................... 25-9 D. Support Systems ..................................................... 25-10 E. Cofferdams .............................................................. 25-14

26. Underground Construction (Tunnels), Shafts, and Caissons ............................................................................. 26-1 A. General ..................................................................... 26-1 B. Hazardous Classifications ....................................... 26-10

C. Air Monitoring, Air Quality Standards, and Ventilation ............................................................... 26-12

D. Fire Prevention and Protection ................................ 26-18 E. Drilling ..................................................................... 26-22 F. Shafts ...................................................................... 26-23 G. Hoisting ................................................................... 26-24 H. Caissons ................................................................. 26-25 I. Compressed Air Work ............................................. 26-26 J. Underground Blasting ............................................. 26-27

27. Concrete and Masonry Construction and Steel Erection .... 27-1 A. General ..................................................................... 27-1 B. Concrete and Masonry Construction ......................... 27-2 C. Formwork and Shoring .............................................. 27-4 D. Pre-Cast Concrete Operations .................................. 27-8 E. Lift-Slab Operations................................................... 27-9 F. Structural Steel Assembly ....................................... 27-11 G. Systems-Engineered Metal Buildings ..................... 27-30 H. Masonry Construction Roofing ................................ 27-32 I. Roofing ..................................................................... 27-33 J. Residential Construction .......................................... 27-35

28. Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER) ................................................... 28-1 A. General ..................................................................... 28-1 B. Site Safety and Health Plan (SSHP) ......................... 28-1 C. Responsibilities ......................................................... 28-5 D. Training ..................................................................... 28-6 E. Medical Surveillance ............................................... 28-10 F. RCRA TSD Facilities ............................................... 28-11 ix

G. Facility or Construction Project Emergency Response................................................................ 28-11

29. Blasting ............................................................................... 29-1 A. General ..................................................................... 29-1 B. Transportation of Explosive Materials ....................... 29-6 C. Handling of Explosive Materials ................................ 29-9 D. Electromagnetic Radiation ...................................... 29-10 E. Vibration and Damage Control ................................ 29-11 F. Drilling and Loading ................................................. 29-13 G. Wiring ...................................................................... 29-16 H. Firing ....................................................................... 29-18 I. Post-Blast Procedures ............................................ 29-20 J. Underwater Blasting................................................ 29-21

30. Contract Diving Operations ................................................. 30-1 A. General ..................................................................... 30-1 B. Diving Operations .................................................... 30-13 C. SCUBA Operations ................................................. 30-17 D. Surface Supplied Air (SSA) Operations .................. 30-19 E. Mixed-Gas Diving Operations ................................. 30-21 F. Equipment Requirements ........................................ 30-22 G. Scientific Snorkeling................................................ 30-28

31. Tree Maintenance and Removal ......................................... 31-1 A. General ..................................................................... 31-1 B. Tree Climbing ............................................................ 31-3 C. Felling ....................................................................... 31-6 D. Brush Removal and Chipping ................................... 31-9 E. Other Operations and Equipment ............................ 31-11

32. Airfield and Aircraft Operations ........................................... 32-1 A. Airfields - General...................................................... 32-1 B. Aircraft ....................................................................... 32-3

33. Munitions and Explosives of Concern (MEC) Encountered During USACE Activities .................................................... 33-1 A. General ..................................................................... 33-1 B. MEC Examples ......................................................... 33-3 x

34. Confined Space Entry ......................................................... 34-1 A. Confined Spaces – Non-Marine Facilities ................. 34-1

B. Work Performed in Confined and Enclosed Spaces on Ships and Vessels ........................................................... 34-6

Appendices A – Minimum Basic Outline for Accident Prevention Plans .......... A-1 B – Emergency Operations .......................................................... B-1 C – ............................................................................................. C-1 D – Assured Equipment Grounding Conductor Program ............ D-1 E – .............................................................................................. E-1 F – Fall Protection Pictograms ..................................................... F-1 G – .............................................................................................. G-1 H – ............................................................................................. H-1 I –……………………………………………………………………….I-1 J – .............................................................................................. J-1 K – .............................................................................................. K-1 L – ............................................................................................... L-1 M – USACE Process for Requesting Interpretations .................. M-1 N – USACE Process for Requesting Waivers/Variances ............ N-1 O – Manning Levels for Dive Teams ........................................... O-1 P – Safe Practices of Rope Access Work .................................... P-1 Q – Definitions ............................................................................ Q-1 R – Metric Conversion Table ...................................................... R-1 S – References and Resources ................................................... S-1 T – ............................................................................................... T-1 U – Floating Plant/Marine Railing Types ..................................... U-1

Acronyms ..................................................................... Acronyms-1

Index .................................................................................. Index-1

Figures 1-1 – Position Hazard Analysis .................................................... 1-6 1-2 – Activity Hazard Analysis ................................................... 1-10 5-1 – Personal Flotation Devices ............................................... 5-31 8-1 – Sign and Tag Signal Word Headings ................................ 8-14 8-2 – Example Tag Layout ......................................................... 8-15 xi

8-3 – Example Sign Layout ........................................................ 8-19 8-4 – Radio Frequency Warning Symbol ................................... 8-21 8-5 – Laser Caution Sign ........................................................... 8-22 8-6 – Laser Warning Sign .......................................................... 8-22 8-7 – Radiological Warning Symbol ........................................... 8-23 8-8 – Slow-Moving Vehicle Emblem .......................................... 8-23 8-9 – Accident Prevention Tags ................................................. 8-24 15-1 – Wire Rope Clip Spacing (Not to be used for slings) ........ 15-6 15-2 – Wire Rope Clip Orientation (Not to be used for slings) ... 15-7 15-3 – Hooks ........................................................................... 15-17 16-1 – Crane Hand Signals...................................................... 16-43 16-2 – Helicopter Hand Signals ............................................... 16-73 16-3 – Hydraulic Excavating Equipment used to Hoist ............ 16-83 22-1 – Hanging Scaffold .......................................................... 22-33 25-1 – Sloping and Benching ................................................... 25-17 25-2 – Trench Shields .............................................................. 25-23 25-3 – Trench Jacks ................................................................ 25-24 29-1 – Power Firing Systems for Series and Parallel Series Firing Systems ................................................................ 29-4 29-2 – Recommended Installation of Shooting Station and Accessory Arrangement for Using Arcontroller ............... 29-4 33-1 Grenades ........................................................................ 33-3 33-2 Projectiles ....................................................................... 33-7 33-3 Mortars ........................................................................... 33-9 33-4 Rockets ......................................................................... 33-10 33-5 Guided Missiles ............................................................ 33-12 33-6 Bombs .......................................................................... 33-13 33-7 Practice Bombs ............................................................ 33-14 33-8 Dispensers .................................................................... 33-15 33-9 Submunitions ................................................................ 33-16 33-10 Pyrotechnics ................................................................. 33-18 33-11 Items that Might Contain Chemical Warfare Materiel ... 33-19 U-1 Type A Railings ............................................................... U-1 U-1 Type B Railings ............................................................... U-1 U-1 Type C Railings ............................................................... U-2

Tables 2-1 – Minimum Toilet Facilities (Other than Construction Sites) .. 2-6 2-2 – Minimum Toilet Facilities (Construction Sites) .................... 2-8 xii

3-1 – Min.Quantity Requirements for Basic Unit Packages ......... 3-6 5-1 – Eye and Face Protector Selection Guide ............................ 5-5 5-2 – Required Shades for Filter Lenses and Glasses in Welding, Cutting, Brazing, and Soldering ......................... 5-11 5-3 – Permissible Non-DOD Noise Exposures .......................... 5-13 5-4 – Permissible DOD Noise Exposures .................................. 5-15 5-5 – Standards for Electrical Protective Equipment .................. 5-26 6-1 – Occupational Dose Rates ................................................. 6-18 6-2 – Laser Safety Goggle Optical Density Requirements ......... 6-27 6-3 – Abrasive Blasting Media: Silica Substitutes ...................... 6-32 6-4 – Wind Chill Temperature Table .......................................... 6-43 6-5 – Time to Occurrence of Frostbite in Minutes or Hours…… 6-43 6-6 – U.S. Guidelines and Limits for Occupational Exposure to

Crystalline Silica .............................................................. 6-51 7-1 – Minimum Lighting Requirements ........................................ 7-3 8-1 – Accident Prevention Sign Requirements .......................... 8-16 8-2 – Accident Prevention Color Coding .................................... 8-18 8-3 – Identification of Piping Systems ........................................ 8-20 9-1 – Maximum Allowable Size of Containers and Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids .................................. 9-9 9-2 – Outside Storage of LP-Gas Container and Cylinder Minimum Distances .......................................................... 9-16 9-3 – Temporary Heating Device Clearances ............................ 9-20 9-4 – Fire Extinguisher Distribution ............................................ 9-25 11-1 – Minimum Clearance from Energized Overhead Electric Lines ................................................................ 11-17 11-2 – Minimum Clearance Distances While Traveling With No Load……………………………………………….11-17 11-3 – Hazardous (Classified) Locations ..................... ……… 11-22 11-4– AC Live Work Minimum Approach Distance .................. 11-25 15-1 – Allowable Chain Wear .................................................... 15-9 16-1 – Crane and Derrick Inspection Frequency ..................... 16-22 16-2 – Minimum Clearance from Energized Overhead Electric Lines ................................................................ 16-51 16-3 - Minimum Clearance Distance While Traveling with No Load……………………………………………….16-51 19-1 – Fire Extinguisher Requirements for Launches/ Motorboats .................................................................... 19-25 21-1 – Safety Net Distances .................................................... 21-11 xiii

22-1 – Selection Criteria for Planking and Platforms ................. 22-5 22-2 – Maximum Intended Load ................................................ 22-5 22-3 – Wood Plank Selection..................................................... 22-8 22-4 – Single Wood Pole Scaffolds ......................................... 22-15 22-5 – Independent Wood Pole Scaffolds ............................... 22-17 22-6 – Ladder-Type Platforms ................................................. 22-26 22-7 – Form Scaffolds ............................................................. 22-35 22-8 – Minimum Dimensions for Horse Scaffold Members ...... 22-37 25-1 – Soil Classification ......................................................... 25-15 27-1 – Erection Bridging for Short Span Joists ........................ 27-25 27-2 – Erection Bridging for Long Span Joists ......................... 27-27 29-1 – Energy Ratio and Peak Particle Velocity Formula ........ 29-12 30-1 – Umbilical Markings........................................................ 30-25 O-1 – Dive Team Composition, SCUBA, Untethered, 0 to 100 ft (0 to 30.5 m) .................................................... O-1 O-2 – Dive Team Composition, SCUBA, Tethered with Communications, 0 to 100 ft (0 to 30.5 m) ....................... O-2 O-3 – Dive Team Composition, Surface Supplied Air, 0 to 100 ft 0 to 30.5 m) ( ................................................... O-2 O-4 – Dive Team Composition, Surface Supplied Air, 101 to 190 ft (31.8 to 57.9 m) .......................................... O-3 O-5 – Dive Team Composition, Surface Supplied Mixed Gas Diving ............................................................................... O-4 xiv

BLANK

1-1

SECTION 1

PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

01.A GENERAL

01.A.01 No person shall be required or instructed to work in surroundings or under conditions that are unsafe or dangerous to his or her health.

01.A.02 The employer is responsible for initiating and maintaining a safety and health program that complies with the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) safety and health requirements.

01.A.03 Each employee is responsible for complying with applicable safety and occupational health requirements, wearing prescribed safety and health equipment, reporting unsafe conditions/activities, preventing avoidable accidents, and working in a safe manner.

01.A.04 Safety and health programs, documents, signs, and tags shall be communicated to employees in a language that they understand.

01.A.05 Worksites with non-English speaking workers shall have a person(s), fluent in the language(s) spoken as well as English, on site when work is being performed, to interpret and translate as needed.

01.A.06 The Contractor shall erect and maintain a safety and health bulletin board in a commonly accessed area in clear view of the on-site workers. The bulletin board shall be continually maintained and updated and placed in a location that is protected against the elements and unauthorized removal. It shall contain, at minimum, the following safety and health information:

1-2

a. A map denoting the route to the nearest emergency care facility;

b. Emergency phone numbers;

c. A copy of the most up-to-date Accident Prevention Plan (APP) shall be mounted on or adjacent to the bulletin board, or a notice on the bulletin board shall state the location of the APP.

The location of the APP shall be accessible on the site by all workers;

d. A copy of the current Activity Hazard Analysis/analyses (AHA) shall be mounted on or adjacent to the bulletin board, or a notice on the bulletin board should state the location of the AHAs. The location of the AHAs shall be accessible on the site by all workers;

e. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Form 300A, Summary of Work Related Injuries and Illnesses, shall be posted, in accordance with OSHA requirements, from February 1 to April 30 of the year following the issuance of this form. It shall be mounted on or adjacent to the bulletin board, which shall be accessible on the site by all workers;

f. A copy of the Safety and Occupational Health deficiency tracking log shall be mounted on or be adjacent to the bulletin board or a notice on the bulletin board shall state the location where it may be accessed by all workers upon request; > See 01.A.12.d.

g. Safety and Health promotional posters;

h. Date of last lost workday injury;

i. OSHA Safety and Health Poster;

j. A copy of the hazardous material inventory, identification of use, approximate quantities and site map detailing location as required by and IAW 06.B.01.a (2)-(4).

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01.A.07 USACE Project Managers (PMs), in accordance with the Safety and Occupational Health Reference Document contained in the USACE Business Manual, shall ensure that a safety and occupational health plan is developed for funded projects and incorporated into each Project Management Plan (PMP)/Program Management Plan (PrgMP). The PM shall collaborate with the customer on project safety goals and objectives and subsequently communicate these through the PMP/PrgMP safety and occupational health plan and Project Delivery Team (PDT) meetings.

01.A.08 USACE PDT shall develop the safety and occupational health plan to be incorporated in the PMP and is responsible for assuring that safety and occupational health requirements are properly addressed and executed throughout the life cycle of each project.

a. The PDT shall ensure that identified hazards, control mechanisms, and risk acceptance are formally communicated to all project stakeholders.

b. Unified Facilities Guide Specification (UFGS) for Safety and Health (currently 01 35 26) shall be used in all USACE contract work and those contracts administered on behalf of the USACE under the provisions of FAR Clause 52.236-13.

c. Military Construction (MILCON) Transformation contracts will include the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) Clause 52.236-13 as well as the Model Request for Proposal (RFP).

01.A.09 For USACE activities where USACE employees are engaged in functions other than routine office or administrative duties, a project safety and health plan shall be developed, implemented, and updated as necessary.

a. Such activities include operations and maintenance;

recreational resource management; in-house conducted environmental restoration (investigation, design, and remediation); surveying, inspection, and testing; construction

1-4 management; warehousing; transportation; research and development; and other activities when the Government Designated Authority (GDA) and the command’s local Safety and Occupational Health Office (SOHO) agree on the benefit of such a program for accident prevention.

b. The project safety and health plan shall address applicable items listed in Appendix A in addition to the USACE Command's safety and occupational health program requirements.

c. For Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER) sites, refer to Section 28 for Site Safety and Health Plan (SSHP) guidance.

01.A.10 A position hazard analysis (PHA) shall be prepared, updated as necessary, documented by the supervisor, and reviewed by the command’s SOHO for each USACE position as warranted by the hazards associated with the position's tasks. A generic PHA may be used for groups of employees performing repetitive office/administrative tasks where the primary hazards result from ergonomic challenges, lighting conditions, light lifting and carrying tasks, and indoor air quality. > See Figure 1-1 for an outline of a PHA. An electronic version of a PHA may be found on the HQUSACE Safety Office Website.

a. The GDA, using the advice of the SOHO, shall determine the need for analysis of each position within his or her area of responsibility.

b. In developing the analysis for a particular position, supervisors should draw upon the knowledge and experience of employees in that position in addition to the SOHO.

c. A complete PHA document shall indicate that the hazards, control mechanisms, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and training required for the position were discussed with the employee, and the PHA shall be signed by the supervisor and employee. A PHA shall contain a copy of the employee’s training certificate of completion for all required training.

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d. Supervisors shall review the contents of PHAs with employees upon initial assignment to a position, and at least annually or whenever there is a significant change in hazards.

01.A.11 Before initiation of work at the job site, an APP shall be reviewed and found acceptable by the GDA.

a. The APP shall contain appropriate appendices (for example, a SSHP for hazardous waste site cleanup operations, a Lead Compliance Plan when working with lead, or an Asbestos Hazard Abatement Plan when working with asbestos).

b. The APP shall be written in English by the Prime Contractor and shall articulate the specific work and hazards pertaining to the contract. The APP shall also implement in detail the pertinent requirements of this manual.

c. APPs shall be developed and submitted by the Contractor in the format provided in Appendix A of this manual. The Contractor shall address each of the elements/sub-elements in the outline contained in Appendix A in the order that they are provided in the manual. If an item is not applicable because of the nature of the work to be performed, the Contractor shall state this exception and provide a justification. > See Appendix A.

d. For limited scope supply, service and R&D contracts, the Contracting Officer and local SOHO may authorize an abbreviated APP. > See Appendix A, paragraph 11 for details.

e. The APP shall be developed by Qualified personnel and then signed in accordance with Appendix A, paragraph 1. The Contractor shall be responsible for documenting the Qualified person’s credentials.

f. For contract operations, the Contractor's APP shall be job-specific and should include work to be performed by subcontractors. In addition, the APP should state measures to

1-6 be taken by the Contractor to control hazards associated with materials, services, or equipment provided by suppliers.

g. Updates to the APP shall be reviewed and approved by the

GDA.

FIGURE 1-1

POSITION HAZARD ANALYSIS (PHA)

POSITION HAZARD ANALYSIS (PHA) FOR USACE EMPLOYEE

NAME: (Print - Last, First, MI):

JOB SERIES:___________________

JOB TITLE:_____________________

JOB NUMBER (SF52):_____________

Prepared by: (Print Name – Last, First, MI):

Reviewed by (SSHO):______________

Date (mo) _ _ (day) _ _ (year) _ _ _ _

COMMAND NAME & ORGANIZATION CODE:_______________________________

PRIMARY DUTY LOCATION:_____________________________________________

Clearances Required EM OPS Team First Aid/CPR Respirator CDL Crane Operator Diver HTRW Other

POSITION TASKS

SAFETY AND/OR

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

HAZARDS*

RECOMMENDED

CONTROLS

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*Note - Examples of potential hazards are as follows:

Safety: trenching, electrical, slips, trips, fall hazards, etc.

Physical Agent:

Exposure to heat/cold, noise, stress, vibration, radiation, etc.

Chemical: Exposure to solvents, cadmium, paints, welding fumes, pesticides, etc.

Biological:

Exposure to bloodborne pathogens, poison ivy, insects, fungi, etc.

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FIGURE 1-1 (Continued)

POSITION HAZARD ANALYSIS (PHA)

EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS,

CHEMICALS TO BE USED

INSPECTION

REQUIREMENTS

TRAINING

REQUIREMENTS

List for each task [include Material Safety Data

Sheets(MSDSs)]

List inspection requirements for each work task

List safety/health training requirements

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This analysis serves as the hazard assessment required by Sections 01, 05, and 06 of EM 385-1-1, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Safety and Health Requirements Manual. The employee covered by this analysis has been instructed in the tasks to be performed, the hazards to be encountered, the potential adverse effects of exposure to such hazards and the controls to be used. He/she has received adequate training specifically related to safe work practices, administrative and engineering controls and personal protective equipment (PPE) to be used in order to ensure assigned work tasks are conducted in a safe and healthful manner.