MIL-STD-1689.pdf

MILITARY STANDARD

FABRICATION, WELDING, AND INSPECTION OF

SHIPS STRUCTURE

r- ., liNCH-POUND I l -- _______ ]

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

23 November 1990

SUPERSEDING

MIL-STD-1689(SH)

27 December 1983 (See 17.5)

AMSC N/A AREA THJM

DISTRIBUIION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited

MIL- ST!l- 1 flH<IA(Sll)

FORWARD

1. This Mili.tnry Stalldnrd is approved for use by the Naval Sen Syst.ems Command, Department of thE~ Navy, and is ava i.lable for usp by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense.

2. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: Commander, Naval Sea Systems Command, SEA 55Z3, Department of the Navy, Washington, DC 20362-5101 by using the self-addressed Standardization Docwnent Improvement: Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this docwnent or by letter.

ii

PARAGRAPH

1.

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

2.

2.1 2.1.1

2.1. 2 2.2 2.3

3.

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8.1 3.8.2 3.8.3 3.8.4 3.8.5 3.8.6 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.12.1 3.12.2 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22

MIL- STD-16 89A ( SH)

CONTENTS

SCOPE

Scope General ............................... · ..

References Requirements subject to Naval Sea Systems

Command (NAVSEA) approval

REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

Government documents Specifications and standards Other Government publications Non-Government publications Order of precedence

DEFINITIONS ....•

General •• Acceptable Activity Approval (approved) Arc strike ...•....• Backgouge Ballistic plating ..............•...•..•..

Bulkheads Closure bulkhead.(submarines) •••••••••...

Containment bulkhead •..........• Holding bulkhead (submarines) Structural bulkhead Enclosure bulkhead Interior bulkhead Buildup Butt Circularity Coamings Submarines ..................• Surface ships Control surfaces Comer crack •.•..• Decks, main strength (surface ships) Erection •........• Fabrication Foundation Fragmentation plating High-hardenable materials Higher strength steel (HSS) High strength low alloy steel

3.23 3.23.1 3.23.2 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.33.1 3.33.2 3.33.3 3.33.4 3.33.5 3.34 3.35 3.36 3.37 3.38 3.39 3.40 3.40.1 3.40.2 3.40.3 3.40.4 3.40.5 3.40.6 3.40.7 3.41 3 .41.1

3. 41.1.1 3 .41.1. 2 3 .41. 2 3 .41. 3 3.42 3.42.1 3.42.2 3.42.3 3.43 3.44 3.45 3.46

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

High yield strength steel HY-80/100 steel HY-130 steel Inserts Inspector Lamination Record of accomplishment Make-up plate NAVSEA authorized representative Ordinary strength (OS) steel Patches Penetrations Plates (plating) Access plates • Small access plates ..............• Closure plates Tank plating Protective plating (type A) Re-entrant angle Rigging fittings Seam Shapes ..•..•• Ship ........................ · · . · · · · · · · · · · · Snipe ...... " ............... a •••••••••••••

Structure (submarine) ................•...

Nonpressure hull structure Nonsupport structure .............• Pressure hull envelope Pressure hull Pressure hull structure Support structure .••.............• Containment structure .....• Structure (surface ship) ............• Primary structure Hull envelope • Containment structure Secondary structure Miscellaneous structure Tanks (submarines) Hard tanks ..•.......................• Intermediate pressure tanks Low pressuTe ranks (soft tanks) Tilting bracket Underwater side protective system Verify (verification) Web stiffener iv

3 .ll7

3.47.1 3.47.2

3. ~~ 7 3

3.4 7. 4 3.47.5 3.£~7.6

3.47. 7 3.47.7.1 3.47.7.2

3.48 3.49 3.50 3.51

4.

4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.1.1

4.3 4.4

4.4.1 4.4.2 4.4.3 4.4.4 4.4.5 4.4.6 4.4.7 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7.1 4.7.2 4.7.3 4.8 4.8.1 4.8.2

5.

5.1 5.2

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Welds Attachment weld Block weld Completed weld Finished weld Foundation welds Tank welds (submarine) Weld surfacing Weld buildup Weld cladding (defined in AWS 3.0)

(see figure 7) Weld contour Weld contouring Weld pass Wormhole porosity

QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS

General requirements Welding procedure qualification Specific qualification requirements Gas-metal-arc process (short circuiting transfer) qualification

Welder performance qualification Nondestructive testing (NOT) procedure qualification

Radiographic (RT) inspection Magnetic particle (MT) inspection Liquid penetrant (PT) inspection Ultrasonic (UT) inspection Visual (VT) inspection Eddy current (ET) Inspection Other NDT •• Qualification of NDT personnel NDT equipment Vision tests Welders NDT personnel Corrective aids Workmanship inspection requirements Workmanship procedures Qualification of workmanship inspection personnel

RECORD REQUIREMENTS

General Records v lll lll

5.2.1 5.2.2

5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.'i 5.2.6 5.2.6.1

5.2.6.2 5.2.6.3 5.2.6.4 5.2.7 5.2.8 5.2.9 5.2.9.1 5.2.10 5.2.10.1 5.2.10.2 5.2.11 5.2.12

6.

6.1 6.1.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.4 6.4.1 6.4.1.1 6.4.1.1.1 6.4.1.1.2 6.4.2 6.5 6.5.1 6.5.2 6.5.3

6.6 6.6.1 6.6.1.1

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Welding procedure qualification Welder and welding operator qualification

NDT procedure qualification NDT personnel qualification Workmanship personnel qualifications Material receipt inspection records Plates, shapes, forgings, bars, and castings

Pressure hull envelope Submarine support structure Surface ships and other submarine material Welding filler materials Welding surveillance inspection ....•

NDT ••••••••.••••••••..••••...••••••••••••

VT inspection of welds Workmanship inspection Submarines Surface ship dimensions Record instructions Maintenance of records

INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

General Inspection ..••.•..• Material inspection Material identification Filler material inspection Welding inspection Surveillance inspection of welding Inspection of workmanship VT inspection ...................•..• Visual inspection of welds Fillet welds on primer coated surfaces .. .

Single-pass fillet welds Multiple-pass fillet welds Visual inspection of base materials MT inspection Final inspection Exemptions .....•.............• Loss of minimum interpass temperature in HY-80/100 and high-hardenable materials

PT inspection .................• Surface ships Aluminum superstructure vi

6.6.1.2 6.6.2 6.6.2.1 6.6.3

6. 7 6.7.1 6.7.2 6.8 6.8.1 6.8.2 6.8.3 6.9 6.9.1 6.9.2 6.9.2.1 6.9.3 6.9.4 6.9.5 6.9.6 6.9.7

7.

7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.1.1 7.2.1.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6

8.

8.1 8.2 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3 8.2.4 8.2.5 8.2.6 8.2.6.1 8.2.7 8.2.8 8.2.8.1 8.2.8.2

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Exception Submarines Exceptions Cold formed welds RT inspection Welds Random or partial inspections UT inspection Random or partial inspections 'Welds Approval Stud welding Bend testing Tension testing by torquing Internally threaded studs Tension testing Rejection procedure Pressure-containing applications Nonpressure-containing applications Temporary attachments

NOT METHODS

Personnel qualification VT inspection Surface preparation ...............• Welds .• Base material MT inspection PT inspection RT inspection UT inspection

INSPECTION ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS

General VT inspection of completed welds Cleanliness Weld surface uniformity Shape of fillet weld face Arc strikes Cracks Porosity Fillet welds on primer-coated surfaces .. .

Undercut, end melt, corner melt Weld size Groove-tee and fillet welds Butt welds vii

8.2.9 8.2.10

8. 2.11

8.2.12 8.2.12.1 8.2.12.2 8.2.13

8.2.14 8.3 8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.3.4 8.4 8.4.1 8.4.1.1 8.4.1.2 8.4.2 8.4.2.1 8.4.3

8.5 8.5.1 8.5.1.1 8.5.1.2 8.5.2 8.5.2.1 8.5.2.2 8.6 8.6.1 8.6.2 8.6.3 8.6.4

9.

9.1 9.2 9.2.1

9.3 9.3.1 9.3.2 9.3.3

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Seal-off and wrap-around welding Contour grinding Nicks, gouges, and other fabrication scars VT inspection for edge laminations Surface ships Submarines Circularity and frame dimensional tolerances

Other NOT MT inspection Welds Castings Edge laminations in submarines Forgings. bars. formed materials RT inspection Welds Submarine welds Surface ships Castings Weld repair RT indications of surface imper-fections

UT inspection Welds Submarine welds Surface ship welds Materials Wrought materials Cast materials PT inspection Welded joints Weld cladding Castings Adjacent base material

FORMED MATERIALS AND WELDS

General Cold forming Inspection of HY-80/100, HSLA-80 and high-hardenable materials

Hot forming Contaminants Furnace fuels HY-80/100, HSLA-80, and high-hardenable materials viii

9.3.3.1 9.3.3.2 9.3.3.3 9.3.3.4 9.3.4

9.4

10.

10.1 10.2 10.3 10.3.1

10.3 .1.1

10.3 .1.1.1

10.3 1.1.1.1

10.3 .1.1.1. 2

10.3 .1.1.1. 3

10.3 .1.1. 2

10.3 .1.1.3 10.3.2

10.3.3 10.3.3.1

10.3. 3.1.1

10.3. 3 .1. 2

10.3. 3 .1. 3 10.3.3.2

10.3.3.2.1 10.3.3.2.2 10.4 10.4.1 10.4.2

10.4.3

11.

11.1 11.2

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Base material testing Surface inspection Hot formed base metal repair welds Forming restrictions Welding procedure qualification for hot formed and heat treated welds Forming of galvanized steels

WELDING FILLER MATERIALS

General ......................... · · · · · · · · · Acquisition requirements Handling and storage Covered electrodes Covered electrodes for welding HY-80/100, HSLA-80, and high-hardenable materials

Conditioning and maintenance of ferritic covered electrodes for use involving HY-80/100, HSLA-80, or STS applications

Baking ..............................• Storage in holding ovens Rebaking Exposure of electrodes Returned electrodes .......•.....••....•..

Bare electrode and flux core wire or filler wire storage

Submerged-arc granular flux Granular flux for welding HY-80/100, HSLA-80, or high-hardenable materials .. .

Storage Preparation for use Reuse .......•....• Granular flux for welding other than HY-80/100, HSLA-80, or high-hardenable materials

Storage .....• Reuse Welding filler material identification .. .

Coated electrodes Bare electrodes, flux core wire, or filler metal ................•

Granular flux

WELDING DESIGN ..••••.........•••.••..••...

Joint efficiency Design group classification ix

11.2. 1 11.2.2

11.2. 3 11.2.3.1 11.2.3.2 11.2.4

11.2. 5 11.2.5.1

11.2. 5. 2

11.2. 6

11.2. 7

11.2. 8 11.3

11.3 .1

11.3 .1.1

11.3 .2

11.3. 3

11.3. 3.1

11.3. 3. 2

11.3 .4

11.3.4.1 11.3.4.2

11.3. 5

11.3.5.1 11.3.5.2

11.3. 6

11.3. 7

11.3.8

11.3. 9 11.3.10 11.3.11 11.3.12 11.3.13 11.3.14

12.

12.1 12.2

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Group B joints Group T joints Group PT joints Intermittent fillet welded joints Intermittent fillet weld size Group C joints ....... , Group L joints Fillet welded lap joints Plug and slot welds Group E joints Special joints Canted tee joints .• Design requirements Composite joints Bimetallic joints Pressure bull envelope attachment in submarines Penetrations in submarines Intersection Distance ......• Inserts, patches, and small plates in submarines

Inserts, patches, small access plates Terminations on full penetration butt joints ....•

Access and closure plates in submarines

Boundaries Terminations on full penetration butt joints

Inserts, patches, and small access plates in surface ships .•...••........•

Access and closure plates in surface ships ..•

Make-up plates Vent and drain holes Snipes Water and oil stops Tank boundaries Type A protective compensation Protective plating other than type A

ERECTION REQUIREMENTS

General Assembly and erection

12 2.1 12.3 12.3.1 12.3.1.1

12.3.2 12.3.2.1

12.3. 2 .1.1

12. 3. 2. 1. 2

12.3. 2 .1. 3

12.3. 2 .1.4

12. 3. 2 .1.5

12.3.2.2 12.3.3 12.3.4 12.4

13.

13.1

13.1.1

13.1. 2 13.2 13.2.1 13.2.2 13.2.3

13.2.4

13.2.5

13.3 13.4 13.4.1 13.4.2 13.5 13.5.1 13.5.2

13.6 13.6.1 13.6.2 13.6.3 13.6.4

M1L-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Riveting and mechanical fastening i\1igrunent and fairness Plate and shape aligrunent tolerances Intercostal structure (surface ships and submarines)

Structural fairness Surface ships Tolerances on figures 21 and 23 Tolerances on figures 22 and 24 Other structural bulkheads and decks Deviations Correction of frame, beam and stiffener bows Submarines Straightening (steel) Straightening (aluminum) Circularity (submarines)

WELDING REQUIREMENTS

Welding procedure and performance qualification

Vertical position, down progression Gas metal-arc Joint preparation Joint configuration Weld root cleaning Weld root and repair excavation contour

Additional requirements for HY-80, HY-100, and high-hardenable materials

Removal of austenitic or nonferrous weld metal

Welding materials Preheat procedures and controls Methods Application Preheat and interpass temperatures Use of torch heating Preheat and interpass temperature measurement

Heat input Alternate heat inputs Root passes Twin arc roots Computation of heat input for HY-80/100, HSLA-80, or STS .....••...•.•••...•.••...

xi

13.7 13.7.1 13.8 13.9 13 10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15

13.16 13.17 13.17.1

13.17 .1.1 13.17.2 13.18 13.18.1 13.18.2 13.19 13.20 13.21

14.

14.1 14.1.1 14.1.1.1

14.1.1. 2

14.1.1. 2.1 14.2 14.2.1 14.2.2 14.3 14.3.1 14.3.2 14.3.2.1

14.4 14.4.1 14.4.2

14.4.3 14.4.4

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Tack welds Block tack welds Slag removal Ferritic welds Buttering or buildup Arc stud welding Weld cutback requirement Welding over galvanized surfaces Welding over primer coated surfaces Welding of precipitation hardenable alloys

Oxyfuel gas welding Repair of base materials and welds Repair of holes Alternate methods of repairing holes Inspection of repair welding Post weld heat treatment ..... , ... , Heat treatment restrictions Temperatures Environmental control Welding equipment grounding Welding in way of wetted surfaces

WORKMANSHIP REQUIREMENTS

Weld joint preparation ..........• Weld joint surface preparation Aluminum alloys Zinc coatings Removal of zinc coating Weld contour and cleaning Weld edges ...............• Aluminum butt welds Fillet weld Fillet weld tolerances Intermittent fillet welds Size and spacing of intermittent fillet welds .... , Surface preparation and correction Material surface correction Surface preparation for nondestructive testing

Plate transition surface preparation Undercut and other weld-edge corrections xii

14.5

14.5.1 14.6

14.7

14.8 14.9 14.9.1 14.9.2 14.10 14.11 14.12

15.

15.1 15.2 15.3 15.3.1

15.3.2 15.3.3 15.3.3.1

15.3. 3 .1.1

15.3. 3 .1. 2

15.3. 3 .1. 3 15.3.3.2 15.3.4 15.3.4.1 15.3.4.2 15.3.4.3 15.3.4.4 15.3.4.5 15.3.4.6 15.3.4.7 15.3.4.8 15.3.4.9 15.3.4.10 15.3.4.11 15.3.5 15.3.5.1 15.3.5.2 15.3.6 15.3.6.1

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Arc strike corrections on heat-treated materials

Arc weld metal spatter Arc strikes, nicks, gouges, and other fabrication scars

Insert, patch, access and closure plate requirements

Peening Plate edge laminations Submarines Surface ships Removal of welded attachments .....• Stud welds ..................• Circularity and frame dimensional tolerances .•

MECHANICAL FASTENERS

General Materials Construction Application of other mechanical fasteners ......• Symbols. ........ ~~ Sizes of ~chanical fasteners •••.••..••.•

, Ferrous.·, riwts 1

Members of different thicknesses Heavy castings, weldments, and forgings .. .

Three-ply Aluminum alloy rivets Arrangement of mechanical fasteners Plate laps and single-strap joints ...•...

Zigzag .................................. · Scallop Distance in zigzag patterns Watertight and airtight joints Rivet centers in steel Rivet centers in aluminum Edge distance • Lightweight Tolezrance Aluminum alloy castings •......•......•...

Plate laps and butt ·and seam straps Width Thickness Calculation of joint efficiencies Calculation xiii lOS lOS

15.3 6.1. l

15.3. 6 .1. 2

15. 3. 6 .1. 3

15.3. 6. 1. 4 15.3.6.l.l;. l

15. 3. 6 . 1. 4. 2 15.3.6.2 15.3.6.3

15.3.6.4 15.3.6.4.1 15.3.6.5 15.3.6.6 15.3.7

15.4 15.4.1 15.4.2 15.4.3 15.4.4 15.4.4.1 15.4.4.2 15.4.5 15.4.6 15.4.7

15.4.8 15.4.9 15.4.9.1 15.4.10 15.4.10.1 15.4.10.2 15.4.11 15 .4.11.1 15.4.11.2 15.4.12 15.4.12.1 15.4.12.2 15.4.13 15.4.14 15.4.15 15.4.15.1

15.4.15.2 15.4.16 15.4.16.1

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Unit ultimate shearing streng~1 Rivets Mechanical fasteners other than rivets .. .

Countersunk holes Steel Aluminum Medium steel HSS, HY-80, HY-100, HSLA-80, and STS steels

Aluminum alloy Thin plates or shapes Bimetallic joints CRES fasteners Transition from welded to mechanically fastened structure

General fabrication requirements Workmanship • Punching Unfair holes Holes in OS steel Before assembly After assembly Holes in HSS steel Holes in galvanized plates and shapes Holes in HY-80, HY-100, HSLA-80, and STS Holes in aluminum alloy material Clearance and interference fits Lockpins Countersinking Galvanized steel plate Aluminum alloy Faying surface treatment Steel .............• Aluminum Water and oil stops Material for water and oil stops Welding water and oil stops Bolting for fitup Mechanical fastening Heating of rivets Heating of ferrous rivets (medium and high tensile steel)

Heating of aluminum alloy rivets Driving of fasteners Power driven ferrous rivets xiv

15.4.16.1.1 15.4.16.1.2 15.4.16.1.3 15 {~.16.1.4 15.4.16.1.5 15.4.11.1.2 15.4.16.2.1

15.4.16.2 2 15.4.16.2.3 15.4.16.2.4 15.4.16.2.5 15.5 15.5.1 15.5.1.1 15.5.2

15.5.2.1

15.5.3

16.

16.1 16.2 16.2.1 16.2.2 16.2.3 16.2.4 16.2.5 16.2.6 16.3 16.3.1 16.3.2 16.3.3 16.3.3.1 16.3.3.2 16.3.3.3 16.3.3.4 16.3.3.5 16.3.3.6 16.3.3.7

16.3.3.8 16.3.3.9 16.3.3.10 16.3.3.11 16.3.4

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

Power-driven rivets Driving Rivet points and heads Cold driven rivets High tensile steel rivets Power driven aluminum alloy rivets Overdriving Single -operation Underdri ving Large~diameter rivets Rivet points and heads Inspection and testing of fasteners Rivets Replacement of defective rivets Lockpin (pins and collars - swage locking) and prestressed bolts and nuts Replacement of defective lockpins and prestressed bolts and nuts

Extent of inspection

STRUCTURAL CASTINGS

General Casting NDT requirements VT inspection RT inspection MT or PT inspection NDT qualification requirements Designer responsibility RSS responsibility NDT acceptance criteria VT inspection RT inspection Evaluation of production radiographs Engineering judgment Comparison Size variance Multiple discontinuities Shrinkage Porosity or inclusions Elongated or hole-type gas discontinuities

Mottling Hot tears and cracks Lower and upper limits Radiographic density UT inspection

XV

ll8

16.3.5 16.4 16.4.1 16.4.2 16.4.2.1 16.4.2.2 16.4.2.3 16.4.2.4 16.5 16.5.1 16.5.2 16.5.3 16.5.4 16.6 16.7

17.

17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5

FIGURES

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

CONTENTS

MT and PT inspection Repair welding Repair by grinding Repair by welding General limitations Minor repairs Nominal repairs Special repairs Repair weld inspection VT inspection MT and PT inspection RT inspection UT inspection Casting designation for fabrication Records

NOTES

Intended use Issue of DoDISS Data requirements Subject term (key word) listing Changes from previous issue

FIGURES

Cracks in corner welds Typical contour for fillet groove tee welds and fillet welds

Functional diagram of submarine structure

Functional diagram of surface ship structure

Atachment welds Hard tank welds .............• Clad areas for 0-ring or gasket seating surfaces

Device for bend testing welded studs End melt and corner melt Nomograph of outside surface elongation after bending or rolling xvi

FIGURES

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

FIGURES

Penetration through special sandwich bulkhead with solid filler

Location of penetration attachment welds in relation to butts and seams

Inserts, patches and small access plates in submarine pressure hull envelope

Inserts, patches and small access plates in plating and structure for surface ships and other than the pressure hull envelope for submarines

Relationship of inserts, patches and small access plates to existing butt welds in submarine and surface ships

Typical vents, drains, and permanent snipes

Alternative drain or vent opening for tank structure

Temporary snipe in corner or connecting structural member which intersects two or more other members

Temporary snipe in structural member connection crossing a butt weld

Shrinkage allowance (for guidance only) Surface ship, permissible unfairness in steel welded structure

Surface ship, permissible unfairness in steel welded structure

Surface ship, permissible unfairness in aluminum welded structure

Surface ship, permissible unfairness in aluminum welded structure

Weld root and repair excavation contours

Cutback requirements Alternative methods of repairing holes where tightness is the only consideration

Transition of riveted seam to welded seam

Plate patch replacement, in riveted con struction joint, requirements for welded butt

Button head and point dies - ferrous rivets .....• xvii

FIGURES

31.

32.

33.

TABLES

I

II

III

IV

v

VI

VII

VIII

IX

X

XI

XII

XIII

XIV

XV

XVI

XVII

XVIII

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

FIGURES

Button head and point dies - aluminum rivets (body diameter between 1/8 and 3/8 inch)

Button head and point dies - aluminum rivets (body diameter between 1/2 and 1 inch)

Cone point dies -aluminum rivets

TABLES

MT inspection requirements, surface ship structures

MT inspection requirements, submarine structures

UT or RT inspection, surface ship structures

UT or RT inspection, submarine structures ......•

Axial load and torque values for steel and corrosion-resistant steel

Axial load and torque values for aluminum ( 5000 series)

Undercut, end melt and corner melt Cold-forming temperature requirements Hot-forming temperature requirements Filler materials for OS steel, HSS steel and equivalent carbon steels Filler materials for HY-80, HY-100, HSLA-80 and STS ••.••••••••.•..••......•.........•..

Filler materials for welding ferrous to non-ferrous and austenitic materials, and for cladding

Filler materials for austenitic stainless-steel alloys ..............•

Filler materials for nickel base alloys

Filler materials for copper-nickel alloys .......•

Filler materials for wrought aluminum alloys

Surface ship weld joint design requirements ..........•

Submarine weld joint design requirements xv:Ui

TABLES

XIX

XX

XXI

XXII

XX111

XXIV

XXV

XXVI

XXVII

XXVIII

XXIX

XXX

XXXI

XXXII

XXXIII

XXXIV

XXXV

XXXVI

XXXVII

XXXVIII

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

TABLES

Butt type joints in plate and shapes Preheat and interpass temperature for joint welding, tacking, or overlaying

Post weld heat treating procedure Post weld heat treatment parameters Mechanical fastener materials Mechanical fastener symbols Sizes of rivets for various weights of plating (ferrous)

Sizes of rivets for various weights of plating (aluminum alloys)

Spacing of rows in fastener diameters, zigzag pattern (ferrous) ......•

Spacing of rows in fastener diameters, zigzag patterns (aluminum alloys)

Medium steel fastener strengths High tensile steel, HY-80, HY-100, HSLA-80, and STS fastener strengths Aluminum alloy fastener strengths Sizes of pneumatic rivet hammers to be used for different sizes of ferrous rivets

Countersink lockpin projection allowances ....•..•............•......••..•.

Category H structural castings .•...•...•..•.

RT acceptance criteria for ferrous castings of carbon steel, corrosion-resistant steel, and alloy steels (including HY-80/

HY-100) ...•..•..........•..•..•

RT acceptance criteria for copper based castings of nickel bronze,copper-nickel, aluminum bronze,nickel-aluminum-bronze, manganese bronze, and nickel-copper

RT acceptance criteria for tin-bronze castings

RT acceptance criteria for aluminum castings xix

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

1. SCOPE

1.1 Scope. This standard contains minimum requirements for the fabrica tion and inspection of the hull and associated structures of combatant surface ships. The requirements for shipbuilding, materials, welding, welding design, mechanical fasteners, workmanship, inspection, forming, castings and records are included. It also applies to those submarine structures which are not high-yield strength steels. Requirements for HY-80/100 submarine structure are contained in MIL-STD-1688. Requirements for HY-130 submarine structure are contained in MIL-STD-1681.

1.2 General. This document contains both mandatory requirements and guidance information. The mandatory requirements indicated by the words "shall" or "is required" serve as standards applicable to materials, workman ship, inspection and quality control. Guidance information is indicated either by the word "should" or "may". Such information represents the latest technical guidance to assure quality but is not mandatory.

1.3 References. Reference in this document to a particular paragraph or section number shall include all applicable subparagraphs under that paragraph or section number. For example, the reference to 4.7 shall include 4.7.1, 4.7.2, 4.7.2.1, 4.7.2.2.

1.4 Requirements subject to Naval Sea Systems Command {NAVSEA) approval.

Any requirements contained in thi's standard specifically requiring NAVSEA approval shall be forwarded to Naval Sea Systems Command, Assistant Director, Materials Engineering, Washington, DC 20362-5101. Subcontractors shall submit such items to the contracting activity in accordance with the contract or purchase order.

2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

2.1 Government documents.

2.1.1 Specifications and standards. The following specifications and standards form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those listed in the issue of the Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DODISS) and supplement thereto, cited in the solicitation (see 17.2).

SPECIFICATIONS

FEDERAL

FF-B-584

QQ-A-200/1

QQ-A-200/4

QQ-A-200/5

- Bolts, Finned Neck; Key Head; Machine; Ribbed Neck; Square Neck; Tee Head.

- Aluminum Alloy 3003, :Bar, Rod, Shapes, Tube and Wire, Extruded.

- Aluminum Alloy 5083, Bar, Rod, Shapes, Tube and Wire, Extruded.

- Aluminum Alloy 5086, :Bar, Rod, Shapes, Tube and Wire, Extruded.

FEDERAL (Continued)

QQ-A-200/6

QQ-A-200/7

QQ-A-225/l

QQ-A-225/2

QQ-A-225/7

QQ-A-250/1

QQ-A-250/2

QQ-A-250/6

QQ-A-250/8

QQ-A-250/9

QQ-A-250/10

QQ-N-281

QQ-N-288

QQ-S-763

QQ-S-766

TT-G-1796

WW-T-700/1

WW-T-700/2

WW-T-700/5

MILITARY

MIL-S-867

MIL-S-1222

MIL-R-5674

MIL-S-8802

MIL-G-11796

DOD-P-15328

MIL-B-15382

MIL-G-15726

MIL-S-16216

M1L-STD-1689A(SH)

-Aluminum Alloy 5454, Bar, Rod, Shapes, Tuhe and Wire, Extruded.

-Aluminum Alloy 5456, Bar, Rod, Shapes, Tube and Wire, Extruded.

- Aluminum Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire; Ro 11 ed, Drawn, or Cold Finished, 1100.

- Aluminum Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire; Rolled, Drawn, or Cold Finished, 3003.

- Aluminum Alloy 5052, Bar, Rod, and Wire;

Rolled, Drawn, or Cold Finished.

- Aluminum 1100, Plate and Sheet.

- Aluminum Alloy 3003, Plate and Sheet.

-Aluminum Alloy 5083, Plate and Sheet.

- Aluminum Alloy 5052, Plate and Sheet.

- Aluminum Alloy 5456, Plate and Sheet.

- Aluminum Alloy 5454, Plate and Sheet.

- Nickel-Copper Alloy Bar, Rod, Plate, Sheet, Strip, Wire, Forgings, and Structural and Special Shaped Sections.

- Nickel-Copper Alloy and Nickel-Copper-Silicon Alloy Castings.

- Steel Bars, Wire, Shapes, and Forgings, Corrosion Resisting.

- Steel, Stainless and Heat Resisting, Alloys, Plate, Sheet and Strip.

- Caulking Compounds, Metal Seam and Wood Seam.

- Tube, Aluminum, Drawn, Seamless, 1100.

-Tube, Aluminum Alloy, Drawn, Seamless, 3003.

- Tube, Aluminum Alloy, Drawn, Seamless, 5086.

- Steel Castings, Corrosion Resisting Aus tenitic.

- Studs, Bolts, Hex Gap Screws, Socket Head Gap Screws and Nuts.

- Rivets, Structural, Aluminum Alloy, Titanium Columbium Alloy, General Specification for.

- Sealing Compound, Temperature-Resistant, Integral Fuel Tanks and Fuel Cell Cavities, High-Adhesion.

- Corrosion Preventive Compound, Petrolatum Hot Application.

-Primer (Wash), Pretreatment (Formula No. 117 for Metals) (Metric).

- Bolt, Firebrick Anchor.

- Copper-Nickel Alloy, Rod, Flat Products (Flat

Wire, Strip, Sheet, Bar, and Plate) and Forgings.

- Steel Plate, Alloy, Structural, High Yield Strength (HY-80 and HY-100).

MILITARY (Continued)

MIL-T-164?.0

MIL-N-17163

MIL-S-17509

MIL-E-18193

MIL-F-18251

MIL-F-19922

MIL-E-19933

MIL-C-20079

MIL-C-20159

MIL-E-21562

MIL-STD-1689A(SH)

- Tube, Copper-Nickel Alloy, Seamless and Welded (Copper Alloy Numbers 715 and 706).

- Nickel-Copper Alloy, Wrought; (55-60 Percent Nickel) Low Permeability.

- Steel Castings, Austenitic, Chromium-Nickel, Low Magnetic Permeability.

- Electrodes, Welding, Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel, Bare, Coiled.

- Fluxes, Welding, Submerged Arc Process Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Application.

-Fluxes, Welding (Compositions), Submerged Arc Process with Type "B" Electrodes, Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Application.

- Electrodes and Rods - Welding, Bare, Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steels.

- Cloth, Glass; Tape, Textile Glass; and Thread, Glass and Wire-Reinforced Glass.

- Copper-Nickel Alloy Castings (UNS No. C96200 and C96400).

- Electrodes and Rods - Welding, Bare, Nickel Alloy.

MIL-S-21952 - Steel, (HY-80 and HY-100) Bars, Alloy.

MIL-E-22200/1 - Electrodes, Welding, Mineral Covered, Iron

Powder, Low-Hydrogen Medium and High Tensile Steel, As Welded or Stress-Relieved Weld Application.

MIL-E-22200/2 - Electrodes, Welding, Covered (Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Steel).

MIL-E-22200/3 - Electrodes, Welding, Covered: Nickel Base Alloy; and Cobalt Base Alloy.

MIL-E-22200/4 - Electrodes, Welding, Covered, Copper-Nickel Alloy.

MIL-E-22200/5 - Electrodes, Welding, Mineral Covered, Iron Powder, Low-Hydrogen, Low-Alloy Steel for Hardening and Tempering Heat Treatment Applications Only.

MIL-E-22200/10- Electrodes, Welding, Mineral Covered, Iron Powder, Low-Hydrogen Medium, High Tensile and

MIL-S-22664

MIL-S-22698

MIL-S- 23008

MIL-S-23009

MIL-S-23193

MIL-S-23195

Higher-Strength Low Alloy Steels.

- Steel Structural Shapes Alloy, High Yield

Strength (HY-80 and HY-100) (Metric).

- Steel Plate, Shapes and Bars, Weldable Ordi nary Strength and Higher Strength: Struc tural.

- Steel Castings, Alloy, High Yield Strength (HY-80 and HY-100).

- Steel Forgings, Alloy, High Yield Strength (HY-80 and HY-100).

- Steel, Corrosion Resistant: Castings.

- Steel Bars and Forgings, Corrosion Resistant.

MILITARY (Continued) MIL-S-23196 - Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip; Corrosion Resis-

MIL-N-23228

MIL-N-23229

MIL-P-23469

MIL-P-23469/2

MIL-P-23469/3

MIL-P-23469/4

MIL-P-23469/5

MIL-P-23469/6

MIL-P-23469/7

MIL-E-23765/1

MIL-E-23765/2

MIL-N-24106

MIL-S-24371

MIL-I-24391

MIL-E-24403/1

MIL-E-24403/2

MIL-J-24445

MIL-S-24451

MIL-S-24645

tant.

- Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Plate, Sheet, and

Strip.

-Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Bars and Forgings.

- Pin-Rivet, Grooved and Collar, Grooved Pin-

Rivet, Swage-Locked (Lockpin) General Specif ication for.

- Pin-Rivet, Grooved, Brazier Head; Straight Shank, Six Locking Grooves, Aluminum Alloy, Corrosion-Resistant and Carbon Steels.

- Pin-Ri.vet, Grooved, Brazier, Truss and Flush Head; Straight Shank, Wide Grip Range, Multi ple Locking Grooves, Aluminum Alloy and Carbon Steel.

- Pin-Rivet, Grooved, Round Head; Straight Shank, Multiple Locking Grooves, Aluminum Alloy, Corrosion-Resistant and Carbon Steels.

- Pin-Rivet, Grooved, Truss Head; Straight Shank, Six Locking Grooves and Multiple Locking Grooves, Aluminum Alloy, Corrosion Resistant and Carbon Steels.

- Pin-Rivet, Grooved, Flat 90• Countersunk Head;

Straight Shank, Six Locking Grooves and Multiple Locking Grooves, Aluminum Alloy, Corrosion-Resistant Steel and Carbon Steels.

- Pin-Rivet, Grooved, Oval 60• Countersunk Head;

Tapered-Section Shank, Multi~le Locking Grooves, Aluminum Alloy, Corrosion-Resistant Steel and'Catbon Steels.

- Electrodes and Rods - Welding, Bare, Solid and Alloyed Cored, Ordinary Strength and Low Alloy Steel.

- Electrodes and Rods - Welding, Bare, Solid, or Alloyed Cored, Low Alloy Steel.

- Nickel-Copper Alloy Bars, Rods, and Forgings.

- Steel Plate, Alloy, Structural, High Yield

Strength (HY-130).

- Insulation Tape, Electrical, Plastic, Pres sure Sensitive.

- Electrodes - Welding, Flux Cored, Ordinary

Strength and Low Alloy Steel.

- Electrodes - Welding, Flux Cored, Low Alloy

Steel.

- Joint, Bimetallic Bonded, Aluminum to Steel.

- Steel Heat Treated Heads, Alloy Structural, High Yield Strength (HY-80 and HY-100).

- Steel Plate, Sheet, or Coil, Age-Hardening

Alloy, Structural, High Yield Strength (HSLA-80 and HSLA-100).

STANDARDS

MILITARY (Continued)

MIL-STD-22

MIL-STD-248

- Welded Joint Design.

- Welding and Brazing Procedure and Performance

MIL-STD-271

MIL-STD-1628

MIL-STE-1681

MIL-STD-1688

Qualification.

- Requirements for Nondestructive Testing

Methods.

- Fillet Weld Size, Strength, and Effic1ency

Determination.

- Fabrication, Welding, and Inspection of HY-

130 Submarine Hull.

- Fabrication, Welding, and Inspection of

HY-80/100 Submarine Applications.

(Unless otherwise indicated, copies of federal and military specifica tions and standards are available from the Naval Publications and Forms Center, (ATTN: NPODS), 5801 Tabor Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19120-5099.)

2.1.2 Otber Government publications. The following other Government publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein.

Unless otherwise specified, the issues are those cited in the solicitation.

PUBLICATIONS

NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND (NAVSEA)

0900-LP-003-8000 - Surface Inspection Acceptance Standards for

Metals.

0900-LP-003-9000 - Radiographic Standa~ds for Production and

·Repair ~elds. (EKcept Section II Does Not Apply.)

0900-LP-006-3010 - Ultrasonic Inspection Procedure and Accep tance Standards for Hull Structure Production and Repair Welds.

0900-LP-999-9000 - Acceptance Standards for Surface Finish of Flame or Arc-Cut Material.

S9086-CH-STM-010/

CH-074VI - NAVSEA Technical Manual, Welding and Allied

Processes.

(Applications for copies should be addressed to the Naval Publications and Forms Center, (ATTN: NPODS) 5801 Tabor Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19120- 5099.)

2.2 Non-Government publications. The following document(s) form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of the documents wbich are DoD adopted are those list:ed in the issue of the DODISS cited in the solicitation. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of documents not listed in the DODISS are the issues of the documents cited in the solicitation (see 17.2).

·5

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

B 166 - Standard Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys

(UNS N06600 and N06690), Rod, Bar, and Wire.

B 564 -

E 155 -

E 186 -

E 272 -

E 280 -

E 310 -

(DoD adopted) Standard Specification for Nickel Alloy Forgings. (DuD adopted) Standard Reference Radiographs for Inspection of

Aluminum and Magnesium Castings. (DoD adopted) Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled

(2 to 4-1/2-in. (51 to 114-mrn)) Steel Castings. (DoD adopted)

Standard Reference Radiographs for High-Strength Copper-Base and Nickel-Copper Alloy Castings.

Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4-1/2 to 12-in. (114 to 305-mm)) Steel Castings.

(DoD adopted)

Standard Reference Radiographs for Tin Bronze Cast ings.

(Application for copies should be addressed to the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.)

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY (AWS)

A2.4 Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing and Nondestruc-

A3.0 AS.l tive Examination.

Standard Welding Terms and Definitions.

Specification for Covered Carbon Steel Arc Welding

Electrodes.

AS.lO - Specification for Bare Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy

Welding Electrodes and Rods.

(Application for copies should be addressed to the American Welding Society, Inc., 550 NW LeJeune Rd., P.O. Box 351040, Miami, FL 33135.)

(Nongovernment standards and other publications are normally available from the organizations that prepare or distribute the documents. These documents also may be available in or through libraries or other informational services.)

2.3 Order of precedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.

3. DEFINITIONS

3.1 General. Except as noted herein, welding nomenclature and defini tions conform to AWS A2.4 and A3.0.

3.2 Acceptable. Acceptable consists of conformance to the applicable standard or specification.

3.3 Activity. The activity is the physical plant of an organization performing work to which this standard is applicable.

3.4 Approval (approved). Approval or approved indicates the item under consideration requires acceptance by NAVSEA, or its authorized representative Approval or approved as used herein shall be by NAVSEA authorized representa tive unless NAVSEA approval is specified.

3.5 Arc strike. An arc strike is any inadvertent heat-affected zone or change in the contour of the finished weld or adjacent base metal resulting from an arc or heat generated by the passage oi electrical current between the surface of the finished weld or base metal and a current source such as welding electrode or magnetic particle (MT) prod.

3.6 Backgouge. A backgouge consists of the preparation of the second side of full penetration welds to the extent necessary to permit proper deposition of weld metal.

3.7 Ballistic plating. Ballistic plating is type A protective plating designed to resist the effects of ballistic penetrators (see 3.33.5).

3.8 Bulkheads.

3.8.1 Closure bulkhead (submarines). A closure bulkhead is a hull end bulkhead designed to withstand collapse depth pressure.

3.8.2 Cgntaiument bulkhead. A containment bulkhead is a bulkhead which functions to contain damage resulting from a design basis casualty within that compartment other than a watertight integrity casualty. Containment bulkheads are considered hull support structures for design and inspection requirements.

3.8.3 Holding bulkhead (submarines). A holding bulkhead is a transverse watertight bulkhead within the pressure hull envelope which forms one boundary of an escape compartment and is designed to maintain watertight integrity up to the depth prescribed in the ship's building specifications. Holding bulkheads are considered pressure hull support structure for design and inspection purposes.

3.8.4 Structural bulkhead. A structural bulkhead is a complete or partial watertight or non-watertight bulkhead which supports the hull.

3.8.5 EnClosure bulkhead. Enclosure bulkhead is an exterior bulkhead that encloses space in the superstructure.

3.8.6 Interior bulkhead. Interior bulkhead is an internal bulkhead in the superstructure.

3.9 Buildup. See 3.47.7.1.

MIL-STD-l689A(SH)

3.10 Butt. A butt is a transverse or vertical plate edge connection in the shell, bulkhead, or deck plating (the plate butt is perpendicular to the plate seam).

3.11 Circularity. Circularity is cl1e degree of deviation of a transve rse section of the hull from a true circle.

3.12 Coamings.

3.12.1 Submarines. Coamings on submarines are compensating material surrounding holes in structure and extending through or on one side only, and are usually connected by a corner, groove tee or fillet weld and which may provide all or partial compensation for the hole.

3.12.2 Surface ships. Coamings on surface ships are perpendicular plates at the peripheries of openings.

3.13 Control surfaces. Control surfaces are those portions of ship structure external to the hull designed to provide steering, diving or stabilization capabilities, such as rudders, stabilizers and diving planes.

3.14 Corner crack. A corner crack is a crack occurring in weld metal in way of a temporary access snipe, a drain or vent opening, or at the intersec tion of three members (see figure 1).

3.15 Decks. main strength (surface ships). Main strength decks on surface ships are the topmost continuous deck, or decks as defined in the ship specifications for the .ship involved.

3.16 Erection. Erection is the assembly of various parts or sub assemblies of the ship's hull.

3.17 Fabrication. Fabrication covers construction, alteration, modifi cation or repair operations as involved in the construction and overhaul of ships.

3.18 Foundation. A foundation is the fabricated base or support used to hold a component or part of a component or system (for example, machinery bed plates, mounting brackets, and so forth).

3.19 Fragmentation plating. Fragmentation plating is type B, CorD protective plating designed to provide protection against fragments from weapons or other sources. It may be of the same material and thickness as ballistic plating or may be of other materials such as higher strength or carbon steel, aluminum or non-metallic materials. Fragmentation plating is provided for protection against fragments (see 3.33.5).

3.20 High-hardenable materials.

special treatment steel (STS) and any content in excess of 0.30 percent and

HY-80/100/130.

High-hardenable materials include structural ferritic steel with a carbon quenched and tempered steels other than

MIL~STD~1689A(SH)

3.21 Hi&her strength steel (HSS). Higher strength steel (HSS) is steel in accordance with MIL~S-22698.

3.22 High strength low alloy steel. High strength low alloy steel (HSLA minimum yield strength) is steel in accordance with MIL-S-24645.

3.23 High yield strength steel. High yield strength steel (HY) is steel with the minimum yield strength specified.

3.23.1 HY-80/100 steel. HY-80 and HY-100 steel is steel in accordance with MIL-S-16216, MIL-S-23008, MIL-S-23009, MIL-S~21952, MIL-S-22664 and MIL S-24451 for plate, castings, forgings, bars, shapes, and heads respectively.

3.23.2 HY-130 steel. HY-130 steel is steel in accordance with MIL-S- 24371 for plate.

3.24 Inserts. Inserts are structural reinforcements welded into submarine or surface ship hull or other structure by some type of butt joint.

Inserts reinforce the structure at openings or areas of high stress and maybe of the same or greater thickness than the surrounding structure.

3.25 Inspector. The inspector is the contractor, Naval shipyard and other Government agency employees, or American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) surveyor qualified as required by this standard to accept or reject materials or workmanship on the basis of specified test results.

3.26 Lamination. Lamination is an internal discontinuity in plate material consisting of oxides, sulfides, or other extraneous material and which is characterized both by layering and reasonable parallelness to the plate surface. An edge lamination is one on the edge of the plate parallel to the plate surface.

3.27 Record of accomolishment. Record of accomplishment is a record which provides objective evidence of completion, inspection of weld sand accountability of fabrication requiring inspection by this standard. Records identify the ship, applicable drawing, identification of the fabrication completed (drawing, assembly, piecemark, and so forth), and type of inspection involved. Signatures represent certification of only that portion of the structure inspected at the time.

3.28 Make-up plate. A make-up plate is a plate added at time of erection to correct discrepant materials or deviations in construction.

3.29 NAVSEA authorized representative. A NAVSEA authorized representa tive is any Government representative specifically authorized to approve equipment, material or procedures within the scope of this standard for NAVSEA as follows:

(a) For Government shipyards: The delegated representative of the shipyard Commander.

(b) For commercial shipyards: The delegated representative of the Supervisor of Shipbuilding, Conversion and Repair (SUPSHIP), or the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) when specified in the ship's specifications for a particular ship.

3.30 Ordinary strength (OS) steel. OS steel is steel is in accordance with MIL-S-22698.

3.31 Patches. Patches are plates installed to replace deleted inserts or penetrations, to correct discrepant, damaged or defective materials, or to correct errors in construction.

3.32 Penetrations. Penetrations are those items such as pipe, sleeves, or trunks welded into submarine or surface ship structure by some type of groove tee, corner, or fillet weld. Penetrations pass through and extend beyond one or both sides of the structure.

3.33 Plates (platins>.

3.33.1 Access plates. Access plates are those sections of plating removed, and later reinstalled for access and installation or removal of equipment. Access plates do not involve cutting of hull frames.

3.33.2 Small access plates. Small access plates are those access plates which have a maximum diameter of 24 inches.

3.33.3 Closure plates. Closure plates are those plates left off or removed for access, wherein at least one transverse frame is cut.

3.33.4 Tank platins. Tank plating is tank boundary plating.

3.33.5 Protective platin& (type A). Type A protective plating is provided for protection against ballistic shapes.

3.34 Re-entrant ansle. A re-entrant angle is the angle formed between the base plate and the weld at the weld edge (see figure 2).

3.35 Rissins fittinss. Rigging fittings are fittings attached to weight-handling devices such as kingposts, cranes, booms, lifting pads, and cleats.

3.36 Seam. A seam is a fore-and-aft or horizontal plate edge connection in the shell, bulkhead, or deck plating.

3.37 Shapes. Shapes are one piece hot·rolled, extruded, or high frequency welded material other than flat plate, strip, tube or bar.

3.38 Ship. A ship is any surface vessel over 100 feet in length or any submarine.

3.39 Snipe. A snipe is a small temporary or permanent opening in an abutting member to permit the deposition of a sound weld in a joint passing beneath the a butting member. A temporary snipe is closed by welding or a patch plate depending on its size. A permanent snipe is left open for use as a vent or drain hole.

3. l;(l Structure ( suhmari ne}. Submarine structure is categorized by functions as defined in 3.40.1 through 3.40.7 (see figure 3).

3.40.1 Nonpressure hull structure. Nonpressure hull structure is structure which is not designed to withstand collapse depth pressure. This includes such items as low (soft) and intermediate pressure tanks, nonsupport structure, and foundations.

3.40.2 Nonsupport structure. A nonsupport structure is a structure not otherwise specifically categorized. This includes, but is not limited to, free flooding structure, decks and deck stanchions, control surfaces, and fairwater. Nonsupport defines the relation to the pressure hull, not the function with regard to other items.

3.40.3 Pressure hull envelope. Pressure hull envelope is structural material in boundaries maintaining watertight integrity at collapse depth.

This includes such items as pressure hull plating, sea chests, trunks, hatches, missile tubes, closure bulkheads, inserts, penetrations, sonar spheres, access plates, and hard tank plating designed to withstand collapse depth pressure.

3.40.4 Pressure hull. Pressure hull is the material forming and supporting the outermost watertight boundary designed to withstand collapse depth pressure including the pressure hull envelope.

3.40.5 Pressure hull structure. Pressure hull structure is structure designed to withstand collapse depth pressure including the pressure hull envelope and supporting structure.

3.40.6 Support structure. Support structure is structure whose function is to contribute to the ability of the pressure hull envelope to withstand collapse depth pressure, but does not itself form part of the watertight boundary under normal operations. This includes items such as pressure hull frames, hard tank framing, transverse structural floors acting as frames, holding bulkheads and that portion of any internal or external bulkhead functioning as a frame.

(a) When transverse floors and bulkheads act as frames, only the first 18 inches of the pressure hull plating measured normal to the ship's axis from the surface to which the floor or bulkhead is attached is to be considered as pressure hull framing (that is, support structure).

(b) When frames have nominal depths greater than 18 inches and transition into floors and bulkheads, only the nominal depth of the frame in way of floors or bulkheads is to be considered as pressure hull framing.

MTL-STD-1689A(SH)

3.40.7 Containment structure. Containment structure is all compartment boundary structure, not covered by other structural categories, whose function is to contain, within portions of the compartment, damage resulting from a design basis casualty within that compartment, other than a watertight integrity casualty.

3.41 Structure (surface ship). For the purposes of this standard, surface ship structure shall be construed to include those portions of the ship's structure which maintain the watertight integrity of the hull and other structures specified in section 11 except joiner and non-structural bulkheads.

Additionally, it includes rudders, weight handling fittings, access trunks, ballistic doors and superstructure (see figure 4).

3.41.1 Primary structure. The primary structure is that part of the ship's structure which makes up the primary hull girder, primary support structure and primary damage control structure. The primary hull girder includes the shell, main strength decks, principal longitudinal bulkheads, vertical keel, deep web girders and stiffeners designed to withstand the ship bending stress. Primary support structure includes the collision bulkhead, main transverse and bent bulkheads, and foundations that are integral parts of the primary girder and primary support structure. Primary damage control structure includes containment structure, water and oil tight tank bulkheads, type A protective plating, and water tight vital space boundaries below the design flooding levels (V-lines).

3.41.1.1 Hull envelope. Hull envelope is structural boundary material maintaining watertight integrity at the design flood levels (V-lines). This structure includes the shell, sea chests, external decks and bulkheads below the design flooding levels (V-lines).

3.41.1.2 Containment structure. Containment structure is all compart ment boundary structure, not covered by other structural categories, whose function is to contain, within portions of the compartment, damage resulting from a design basis casualty within that compartment, other than a watertight integrity casualty.

3.41.2 Secondary structure. The secondary structure includes sponsons, superstructure, trunks, air, gas and flame tight bulkheads, fragmentation plating, masts, booms, kingposts, and weight-handling rigging and fittings.

3.41.3 Miscellaneous structure. Miscellaneous structure is structure other than primary and secondary. This includes foundations, stacks, control surfaces, non-tight bulkheads, and compensation for holes.

3.42 Tanks (submarines).

3.42.1 Hard tanks. Hard tanks are tanks designed to withstand pressure equal to or greater than ship test pressure (test depth).

3.42.2 Intermediate pressure tanks. Intermediate pressure tanks are tanks designed to withstand…