Tech_Guide_for_Installation_Info_Infrastructure_Architecture 1 1 .pdf

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

UNITED STATES ARMY INFORMATION

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING COMMAND

FORT HUACHUCA, ARIZONA 85613-5300

TECHNICAL GUIDE

FOR

INSTALLATION INFORMATION

INFRASTRUCTURE ARCHITECTURE

BY

IMPLEMENTATION ENGINEERING

SUBJECT MATTER EXPERT

JULY 2008

FORT DETRICK ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE

Distribution C Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies and their contractors only, for administrative or operational use, July 2008. Refer other requests for this document to Commander, U.S. Army Information Systems Engineering Command, ATTN:

AMSEL-IE-DE, Fort Detrick, MD 21702.

Technical Guide for Installation Information Infrastructure Architecture, July 2008

DISCLAIMER

The use of trade names in this document does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial hardware or software. Do not cite this document for advertisement.

CHANGES

Refer requests for all changes that affect this document to:

USAISEC, ATTN: AMSEL-IE-DE, Fort Detrick, MD 21702-5047.

DISPOSITION INSTRUCTIONS

Destroy this document when no longer needed. Do not return it to the organization. Safeguard and destroy this document with consideration given to its classification or distribution statement requirements.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

1.2 Scope

1.3 Supporting Appendices or Attachments

2.0 BUILDING TELECOMMUNICATIONS CABLING SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS... 2

2.1 Classified Information Infrastructure

2.2 Building Telecommunications Cabling System Overview

2.3 Workstation Outlet

2.4 Building Telecommunications Wiring

2.5 Telecommunications Spaces

2.6 Grounding

2.7 Telecommunications System Labeling

2.8 Building Entrance Facility

2.9 Testing

3.0 OUTSIDE PLANT TELECOMMUNICATIONS CABLING SYSTEM

SPECIFICATIONS

3.1 Classified Information Infrastructure

3.2 System Overview

3.3 System Architecture

3.4 Outside Plant

3.5 Environmental and Historical Considerations

3.6 General Considerations

3.7 Outside Plant Cable Placement Options

3.8 Underground (Maintenance Holes, Cable Vaults, and Ducts)

3.9 Direct Buried Cable Installation

3.10 Crossing Obstructions

3.11 Aerial Cable

3.12 Free Space Optics

3.13 General Range Information Infrastructure Design

3.14 Pier Installation

3.15 General Cable Specifications

3.16 Main Distribution Frame

3.17 Building Terminations

3.18 Grounding

3.19 Final Acceptance Test

4.0 VOICE SWITCHING, CENTRAL OFFICE/END OFFICE, AND CONVERGENCE 74

5.0 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

6.0 NETWORK AND SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Purpose

7.0 WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)

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Appendices Appendix A. Technical Guidance Checklist for Installation Information Infrastructure Architecture ............................................................................ A-1 Appendix B. Building Cabling System Figures ..................................................................B-1 Appendix C. North America And European Drawings .......................................................C-1 Appendix D. References..................................................................................................... D-1 Glossary. Acronyms And Abbreviations.................................................................Glossary-1

Tables Table 1. Outlet Types Table 2. Coaxial Cable Table 3. Maximum Length of Subsidiary Conduit Containing Bends Table 4. Extending the Point of Entrance Table 5. Multimode Dual-windowed Fiber Cable Characteristics Table 6. Single-mode Dual-windowed Fiber Cable Characteristics Table 7. Non-zero Dispersion-shifted Single-mode FOC Characteristics Table 8. Fiber Sizing Between Building Table 9. Standard Cable Reel Lengths and Diameters Table 10. European Standard Cable Reel Lengths and Diameters Table 11. Cable Spreadsheet Sample

Figures Figure B-1. Telecommunications Room Entrance and Riser ..............................................B-1 Figure B-2. Telecommunications Room Horizontal Distribution .......................................B-2 Figure B-3A. Telecommunications Room Standard Premise Distribution .........................B-3 Figure B-3B. Standard Premise Distribution.......................................................................B-4 Figure B-4. Telecommunications Room Standard Supporting Structure and Riser............B-5 Figure B-5. Telecommunications Room Small Facility/Warehouse...................................B-6 Figure B-6. Telecommunications Outlet Types...................................................................B-7 Figure B-7. Systems Furniture Wiring ................................................................................B-8 Figure B-8. Premise Distribution Supporting Structure - Renovations...............................B-9 Figure B-9. Typical Floor Plan..........................................................................................B-10 Figure C-1. OSP Infrastructure Standards – North America...............................................C-1 Figure C-2. Drawing Symbols – North America and Europe .............................................C-2 Figure C-3. Conduit Placement/Cut and Resurface – North America.................................C-3 Figure C-4. Typical Maintenance Hole – North America (1 of 2) ......................................C-4 Figure C-5. Typical Maintenance Hole – North America (2 of 2) ......................................C-5 Figure C-6. Pedestals and Building Entrance Details – North America (1 of 2).................C-6 Figure C-7. Pedestals and Building Entrance Details – North America (2 of 2).................C-7 Figure C-8. MDF and Cable Vault Schematic – North America ........................................C-8 Figure C-9. OSP Infrastructure Standards – Europe ...........................................................C-9 Figure C-10. Conduit Placement/Cut and Resurface – Europe .........................................C-10 v vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)

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Figure C-11. Typical Maintenance Hole – Europe (1 of 2).............................................. C-11 Figure C-12. Typical Maintenance Hole – Europe (2 of 2).............................................. C-12 Figure C-13. Pedestals and Building Entrance Details – Europe (1 of 2) ........................ C-13 Figure C-14. Pedestals and Building Entrance Details – Europe (2 of 2) ........................ C-14 Figure C-15. MDF and Cable Vault Schematic – Europe ................................................ C-15

TECHNICAL GUIDE FOR INSTALLATION INFORMATION

INFRASTRUCTURE ARCHITECTURE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This Technical Guide (TG) provides guidance for the planning, design, and implementation of the Installation Information Infrastructure Architecture (I3A) for Army installations worldwide. This document will establish an implementation concept that can be used to shape architectural templates and influence the design process for the I3A. It will identify proven infrastructure construction techniques, define common practices, and serve as an authoritative implementation guide.

1.1 Background

In previous engineering designs each area of communications was addressed separately, to include design standards, schedules, and funding. This approach led to confusion, design re-engineering, and duplication of effort. The I3A concept was initiated to synchronize the efforts and formulate a more efficient and effective design process. The I3A establishes an Army-wide Information Technology (IT) architectural design standard. The I3A is the source to fuel effective Army Knowledge Management (AKM) necessary to support the Army Transformation Campaign Plan. The I3A captures installation infrastructure, synchronizes the implementation of automation programs, provides for analysis of operational force and sustaining base connectivity, and identifies costs associated with IT modernization. The I3A Configuration Control Board (CCB) manages I3A issues and tracks developments in IT, information assurance , enterprise systems management (ESM), and automation information system (AIS). The Configuration Control Board (CCB), which oversees several working groups that address IT issues, meets quarterly.

1.2 Scope

This document is intended to support gathering the necessary requirements, conducting site surveys, and performing analysis, design and implementation of IT. This guide specifically assists the designer in the integration of the telecommunications and information systems.

This guide is synchronized with the Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC), which are mandated under Department of Defense (DOD) policy. The UFC system is prescribed by Military Standard (MIL-STD) 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to the military departments, the defense agencies, and the DOD field activities in accordance with (IAW) Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition Technology and Logistics (AT&L) memorandum, 29 May 2002.

The UFC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed, updated, and made available to users as part of the Services’ responsibility for providing technical criteria for military construction. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE), Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC), and Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (AFCESA) are responsible for administration of the UFC system. Defense agencies shall contact the preparing service for document interpretation and improvements. Technical content of UFC is the responsibility of the pertinent DOD working group. Recommended changes with supporting rationale shall be sent to the respective service proponent office by Criteria Change Request (CCR). The UFC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the following sources: Whole Building Design Guide World Wide Web (Web)-site http://dod.wbdg.org/. Hard copies of UFC printed from electronic media shall be checked against the current electronic version prior to use to ensure that they are current.

1.3 Supporting Appendices or Attachments

This TG is divided into six sections: Introduction, System Overview, Evaluation Process, Site Survey Results, Risks, and Conclusions and Recommendations. There are four appendices and a Glossary of acronyms and abbreviations is provided.

• Appendix A – Technical Guidance Checklist for I3A

• Appendix B – Building Cabling System (BCS) Figures

• Appendix C – North America and Europe Drawings

• Appendix D - References

2.0 BUILDING TELECOMMUNICATIONS CABLING SYSTEM

SPECIFICATIONS

The BBCS is designed to satisfy I3A policy information system (IS) requirements within a facility. The BCS shall be installed IAW the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) and Electronics Industry Association (EIA) Building Telecommunications Wiring Standards general guidelines with modifications and clarifications provided below. The TIA/EIA specifications can be purchased at http://www.tiaonline.org/standards/.

Telecommunications design shall be performed and stamped by a Registered Communications Distribution Designer (RCDD). This BCS section is synchronized with UFC 3-580-1, Telecommunications Building Cabling Systems Planning and Design. The objective of this UFC is to provide planning guidance for the development of an input to the BCS telecommunications portion of the DD 1391. The UFC-3-580-1 is designed to satisfy I3A policy or UFC 3-580-10 Design: Navy and Marine Corps Intranet (NMCI) Standard Construction Practices IS requirements within a facility.

2.1 Classified Information Infrastructure

Engineers engaged in the design of classified (collateral or higher) information infrastructure shall coordinate the infrastructure design with the Certified Telecommunications Electronics Material Protected from Emanating Spurious Transmissions (TEMPEST) Technical Authority (CTTA) and Designated Accreditation Authority (DAA) responsible for that area.

The designer shall also refer to the U.S. Army Information Systems Engineering Command (USAISEC) TG for the Integration of SECRET Internet Protocol (IP) Router Network (SIPRNET). The USAISEC SIPRNET TG is an IT systems security engineering guide for communicators supporting the war fighter. The TG may be used to assist Army personnel in developing access solutions for SIPRNET connectivity to support the war fighter’s increased use of secure networking and methods of interfacing with secure IT in CONUS. Although the document may contain some information that may be useful in the OCONUS environment, the exact specifications and requirements in that theater may differ from the CONUS theater. The USAISEC SIPRNET guide is based upon applicable National Security Agency (NSA), DOD, Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), and Department of the Army (DA) documents.

2.2 Building Telecommunications Cabling System Overview

Design a complete, standards based, flexible building telecommunications systems for Army buildings based upon the functional purpose of the various spaces within the facility. An http://www.tiaonline.org/standards/ acceptable BCS encompasses, but is not limited to: copper and fiber optic (FO) entrance cable, termination equipment, copper and fiber backbone cable, copper and fiber horizontal distribution cable, workstation outlets, racks, cable management, patch panels, cable tray, cable ladder, conduit, grounding, and labeling. Figure B-1 of Appendix B provides an overview of the cable entrance and backbone distribution. Figure B-2 of Appendix B provides and overview of the horizontal distribution.

2.3 Workstation Outlet

The following specifications pertain to telecommunications outlets and connectors:

2.3.1 Outlet Box

Specify double gang electrical boxes of at least 2-1/8 inches (in) (54 millimeters (mm)) depth to provide dedicated space for current and possible future FO cable (FOC) installation.

For single connector outlets, such as voice-only, cable television (community antenna television (CATV)) or closed circuit television (CCTV), use a single gang 2 in by 4 in by 2- 1/4 in (51 mm x 102 mm x 57 mm), electrical box recess mounted, with the faceplate flush with the wall surface. Locate a service power outlet within 6 inches (152 millimeters (mm)) of the CATV or CCTV outlet. Designers shall specify 4-11/16-in (119 mm) square by 2-1/4 (57 mm) boxes for 1-in (27 mm) conduit installations and outlet boxes that have or may require FO cabling.

2.3.2 Outlet Faceplate

Use a full (double gang) faceplate for standard administrative outlet locations, with connectors for all copper and, if used, FOC. Standard administrative outlets may, by specific user request, use single gang outlet faceplates in conjunction with a reducing ring.

For single gang outlet boxes, use a single gang outlet faceplate with appropriate connector locations and, if required, mounting lugs for wall telephones. Outlet faceplate shall include two blank positions for future applications.

2.3.3 Outlet Connectors

The following specifications pertain to copper, FO and coaxial cable outlet/connector. The category for cable, jacks, termination blocks, and patch panels shall be the same throughout each circuit and system. Specify more than one category only if providing more than one system requiring different categories. In general for horizontal cable, Category 6 (Cat 6) shall be used for all voice and data circuits.

2.3.3.1 Copper Outlet/Connector

Copper outlet/connector shall be TIA/EIA Category 6 for all projects. All connectors shall be 8-pin/8-position insulation displacement terminations wired per T568A (default configuration) or T568B (if required to maintain system configuration uniformity, security or other user-specified reasons). Category 5 (Cat 5), Category 5e (Cat 5e), and Category 3 (Cat 3) rated connectors shall not be used in new construction or rehabilitation projects.

Copper outlet/connector and plugs shall be un-keyed unless the user requires keyed outlet/connector and plugs to maintain system uniformity, security, or other user specified reasons.

2.3.3.2 FO Outlet/Connector

Terminate all FO work area cables in dual 568SC connectors. Provide FO connectors IAW the paragraph entitled FO Terminations in this TG. The default choice for FO outlet/connector shall be TIA/EIA “SC” type (568SC). Other type connectors (small-form-factor) (MT-RJ, VF-45, etc.) may be substituted as required by the user. Small form factor connectors (available from several manufacturers), offer a potential for significant installation cost reduction. Any type of fiber connector used shall meet the performance requirements specified within Annex A of TIA/EIA-568-B.3, and meet the requirements of the corresponding TIA FO Connector Intermateability Standard (FOCIS) document.

2.3.3.3 Coaxial Outlet/Connector

Coaxial outlet/connector shall normally be “F” type connectors. Use of other type connectors (i.e., Bayonet Neill Concelman (BNC), etc.) shall be considered only if specifically required by the user. The designer shall coordinate with the cable service provider where franchise agreements are in place. All passive CATV devices shall support 1 Gigahertz (GHz) bandwidth.

2.3.4 Outlet/Connector Markings

Each communications outlet shall have a unique identifying number IAW TIA/EIA 606-A.

In the telecommunications room (TR), this unique identifying number shall be associated with the position on the patch panel or cross-connect to which the outlet is connected. Each horizontal cable shall be labeled both at the outlet and patch panel or cross-connect position in the communications closet. Connector voice and data dedication use may be reassigned as requirements dictate. Note: In the standard cabling scheme, the designations “voice” and “data” are arbitrary and do not imply that one outlet is better than the other, the outlets are identical in capability.

2.3.5 Outlet Types and Density

Table 1 shows outlet types that are commonly used in military construction projects.

Sketches of these outlets are included in Figure B-7 of Appendix B. The outlet types do not cover all possible user required configurations. The designer shall certify that all user-defined outlets have a corresponding valid requirement, such as fiber for various levels of classification. Outlet configurations shall comply with this TG, TIA/EIA-568-B, and TIA/EIA-569-B. Outlet densities are provided for planning purposes, when actual outlet locations are not known and cannot be determined with available information. The designer can develop reasonably accurate total outlet count estimates based on the size and dedicated usage of the space. These factors fall within the ranges given in TIA/EIA-569-B, and are based on gross area (overall building footprint without deducting for hallways, equipment rooms, restrooms, etc.). See Figure B-9 of Appendix B for a typical building floor plan.

Table 1. Outlet Types Facility Space Category Outlet Configuration Planning Area

(SF(SM)) per Outlet

Administrative space, to include classrooms, and medical/clinics

Two 8-pin modular (RJ45 type) outlet/connector in a double gang outlet faceplate, one connector labeled voice use and one labeled data use.

80(7.5)

Headquarters and special users Minimum of two 8-pin modular (RJ45 type) outlet/connector in a double gang outlet faceplate, one connector labeled voice use and one labeled data use, with additional 8-pin modular and/or fiber outlet/connectors as required.

80(7.5)

Systems furniture Two 8-pin modular (RJ45 type) outlet/connector in a modular furniture outlet faceplate with outlet box extender, one connector labeled voice use, and one connector labeled data use.

See below

Intermediate Space Two 8-pin modular (RJ45 type) outlet/connector in a double gang outlet faceplate, one connector labeled voice use and one labeled data use.

200(18.5)

Non-admin spaces (CDCs, chapels, Recreation centers, etc.)

Two 8-pin modular (RJ45 type) outlet/connector in a double gang outlet faceplate, one connector labeled voice use and one labeled data use.

500(46.5)

Barracks space/bachelor officer’s quarters (BOQ)

See below See below

Table 1. Outlet Types (continued) Facility Space Category Outlet Configuration Planning Area

(SF(SM)) per Outlet

Warehouse space, unit storage, maintenance facilities

Two 8-pin modular (RJ45 type) outlet/connector in a double gang outlet faceplate, one connector labeled voice use and one labeled data use.

5000(465)

Wall and pay telephone outlet One 8-pin modular (RJ45 type) connector in a single gang outlet faceplate with mounting lugs, labeled voice use.

As needed

Family housing units See below See below

Wireless access points One 8-pin modular (RJ45 type) connectors in a single gang outlet faceplate labeled for data.

See below

2.3.5.1 Family Housing Units

The designer shall determine the minimum outlet quantity for Army Family Housing (AFH) units based upon the number of rooms in the AFH unit. In general, provide one telephone outlet and one CATV outlet (as a minimum) in each of the following: kitchen, living room, dining room, family room/area, each bedroom, and any other logical location deemed appropriate. Copper outlet/connector shall be TIA/EIA Cat 6 for U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force projects.

2.3.5.2 Quarters

For U.S. Army barracks projects, provide one 8-pin modular (RJ45 type) connector in a single gang outlet faceplate, labeled voice use and one CATV outlet per sleeping/living area.

In Unaccompanied Enlisted Personnel Housing (UEPH), BOQ, Senior Enlisted Bachelor Quarters (SEBQ)/etc., provide one single RJ-45 outlet and one CATV in each room of the suite; i.e., bedroom and living room, configured per TIA/EIA-570.

2.3.5.3 Systems Furniture Wiring

The designer shall specify a minimum of one systems furniture outlet per single occupancy cubicle. The designer shall specify a minimum of two systems furniture outlets per cubicle designated for servers, printers, copiers, or facsimile (FAX) machines. When systems furniture is installed as part of the construction contract, ensure that systems furniture specifications include EIA American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/TIA/EIA-568-B and EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-B cabling and raceway standards. Multi-user telecommunication outlet assembly (MUTOA) may be used in lieu of fixed furniture outlets.

However, the distribution of work area cables from the MUTOA to the desktop shall be addressed and accounted for in the telecommunications and the furniture designs.

2.3.5.4 Wireless Access Point (WAP) Cabling

Wireless access points may be required for WLANS in some situations, and are required for Wireless Intrusion Detection Systems (WIDS). If the project management for IT has approved the inclusion of wireless in the design, the recommendations here shall be followed. The designer shall specify one-Cat 6, unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable, each to a standard 8-pin modular connector for each wireless AP outlet. The Cat 6 cable can be used in conjunction with Power over Ethernet (PoE) to provide both power and data to the AP. The TIA/EIA technical committee TR-42 is currently working on a Technical Service Bulletin (TSB-162) Telecommunications Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points.

The intent of this TSB is to provide a pre-cabled grid to support 802.11 wireless local area networks (LAN). The current guidance is to place one WAP at the center of each 55 by 55 foot (ft) square grid, for up to 20 users. For grid locations with over 20 users, provide two UTP cables. The TSB is based upon International Standards Organization (ISO)/International Engineering Consortium (IEC) TR 24704 Information Technology Customer Premises Cabling for Wireless Access Points. Both TIA and ISO utilize a 39-ft (12 meters (m)) diameter circle for WAP coverage. The designer shall note that a wireless survey will be required after the completion of construction to ensure proper wireless coverage. The WAP grid provides a foundation for implementing wireless, but does not eliminate final wireless design. Provide WAP outlets at a minimum of one every 25,000 square feet within each building to support the DOIM installed Wireless Intrusion Detection System.

2.3.5.5 General Range Information Infrastructure Design

The telecommunications sections of range construction projects shall follow the general provisions of this I3A TG for new construction and renovations. There are several distinct types of information networks in a range environment: administrative, range control and tactical. The administrative networks support telephone and data requirements to the occupants of the range buildings, and safety telephones. The special Range Control networks control downrange targets, sensors, and monitors and transport this information to off-site locations. The tactical networks support the unit training requirements in a field environment. In addition, there could be security and alarm networks.

2.3.6 Utility Rooms and Closets

All utility rooms and closets, such as electrical, mechanical and telecommunications, shall be wired with at least one wall mounted telecommunications outlet, with a mounting lug face plate.

2.3.7 Elevators

For buildings with elevators, a four-pair copper cable with an eight-position modular outlet adapter shall be installed for each elevator. The exact location of the outlet assembly shall be verified with the elevator installer or contractor.

2.3.8 Safety, Courtesy, and Convenience

Provide wall outlets at all logical locations to support safety, courtesy, and convenience.

Examples include safety: barracks hall, laundry room; courtesy: building lobby/entrance, stairways; convenience: break rooms, rear (unmanned) entrances.

2.3.9 Building Automation Systems (BAS)

When requested by the building support systems planner, provide wall outlets at identified locations to support BAS. For example, one such outlet may be a direct digital controller (DDC) outlet for the heating, ventilation, cooling (HVAC) system. The IS/IT-designer does not have primary responsibility for identifying these circuits, and shall defer to the building support systems planner. Applying a BAS requires close coordination between the IT designer and the various utilities and automated systems designers. The TIA/EIA published TIA/EIA-862 Building Automation Systems Cabling Standard for Commercial Buildings in April of 2002, to specify a generic cabling system for BAS. The TIA/EIA-862 defines the TR and equipment rooms, BAS outlets, connection points, cross-connects, device terminations, and interconnection point details for the building utilities. The TIA/EIA-862 uses the same cabling technology and architecture as TIA/EIA-568-B, and Section 6 of TIA/EIA-862 provides coverage area planning for typical BAS links. The TIA/EIA-862 states that BAS controllers shall be located and cabling shall be terminated in the TRs serving that area. Additionally, Section 7.3 states “Because the scope of ANSI/TIA/EIA- 569-A does not cover BAS cabling, additional pathway and space capacity may be required.” Actual building systems equipment shall be located in the respective mechanical rooms and shall be distinct from the TR.

2.4 Building Telecommunications Wiring

The following information pertains to horizontal cable and backbone cable. All horizontal and backbone wiring shall be designed in a star-configuration as defined in TIA/EIA-568- B.1. All cables shall be terminated within TRs, telecommunications equipment rooms, and work areas.

2.4.1 Horizontal Cable

The following information pertains to copper, FOC, and cable run lengths.

2.4.1.1 Copper Voice and Data

One Cat 6, for general projects, UTP cable shall be installed to each standard 8-pin modular connector provisioned at the outlet. For example, install two 4-pair UTP cables to a standard administrative outlet, or one 4-pair UTP cable to each single connector outlet.

Copper cables shall not be split between multiple modular connectors. Use only cable that has passed the Underwriters Laboratory (UL) LAN certification program and is labeled with UL acceptable markings. Plenum cables shall be provided IAW National Fire Protection Association, Inc. (NFPA) 70, or when directed by the facility safety officer or local building code. Provide terminations IAW the paragraph entitled “Copper Termination” in this TG.

The designer shall not use 150 ohm shielded twisted pair for new construction. The Cat 5, Cat 5e, and Cat 3 rated cable shall not be used in new construction or rehabilitation projects.

a. Copper Termination.

Terminations shall be performed using an 8-pin (RJ45 type) connector, rated for the category of the installed cable. In the standard Army cabling scheme, horizontal cables are arbitrarily designated “voice” and “data” to identify and differentiate their purpose. This designation is no way indicates a difference in capability of the cable. Copper distribution cable shall be terminated at the TR on 110-type cabinet or rack-mounted patch panels compliant with Cat 6 for general projects. Very small projects (i.e., less than ten users) may use an TIA /EIA category qualified block or backboard mounted patch panel. Cables from the same outlet shall be terminated on the same patch panel and individually identified. All terminations shall be wired to the TIA/EIA T568A configuration. Do not use T568B wiring configurations unless specifically requested by the user and approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Copper cables shall not be split between multiple modular connectors.

b. Copper Patch Cables.

Copper patch cables shall be 4-pair, 24 American Wire Gauge (AWG) stranded UTP cable, rated for Cat 6, with 8-pin modular connectors at each end. Provide sufficient copper patch cables, of various appropriate lengths, to terminate all copper patch panel appearances.

c. Category 6 Augmented and Category 7.

The TIA/EIA is the United States trade organization and standards body that specifies structured cabling systems. The ISO/IEC is a network of the national standards institutes of 151 countries and international standards body responsible for specifying structured cabling systems. The TIA committee TR-42 has approved for publication the standard for 10GBase-T cabling, or augmented Cat 6 (Cat 6A), ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-10. ISO/IEC has ISO/IEC 11801 Addendum 1 Draft Class EA. The ISO/IEC currently has a standard for a shielded-twisted pair (STP) cabling system, designated as Class F. The TIA/EIA has not yet formed a task group to explore the standardization of ISO/IEC 11801 Class F as Category 7.

Cat 6A cable is 15-20 percent larger in diameter that Cat 6 and Cat 5e cable. USAISEC, as of the publication of this TG, has not yet been able to evaluate the impact to cable tray fill and the cost increase for Cat 6A cable. Implementation of Class F cabling within the United States runs the risk of utilizing larger cable, shielding shall be grounded properly, and the termination connector may non-standard.

2.4.1.2 Fiber Optic Cable (FOC)

Provide FOC to each outlet only at the specific request of the user, the DAA, orin accordance with a specific USACE standard design. As a minimum, administrative (including hospital) outlet boxes and faceplates shall be sized and configured to allow for the future installation of two strands of FOC. When the user requires FOC, multi-mode 50/125-micron laser optimized cable shall be installed. Single-mode FOC may be substituted as required by the user. Plenum cables shall be provided IAW NFPA 70, or when directed by facility safety officer or local building code.

a. FO Termination.

All FO distribution cable shall be terminated in cabinet/rack-mounted patch panels, and at the outlet. Do not use smart terminal (ST) style adapters for new construction unless specifically required for interface with existing equipment reused on installations. Check with activity for specific requirements for ST adapters. The default choice for FO adapters and connectors shall be TIA/EIA “subscriber connector (SC)” type (568SC). TIA/EIA 604- 3A “SC” type connectors are preferred in new systems as the international standard now accepted by the U.S. Government. Other type connectors (small-form-factor) (LC, MT-RJ, VF-45, etc.) may be substituted as required by the user. Provide FO adapters and connectors IAW TIA/EIA-604 FOCIS and the corresponding FOCIS for the type of connector used.

b. FO Patch Cables.

Fiber optic patch cables shall use the same FOC type and connectors as the patch panels they are interconnecting. Utilize duplex patch cables for all patch panels. Provide sufficient

FO patch cables, plus 25 percent spare, of various appropriate lengths, to terminate all FO patch panel (FOPP) appearances..

2.4.1.3 Cable Length

Copper data cable length shall be limited to 295 ft (90 m) from patch panel termination in the TR to the data outlet termination IAW TIA/EIA-568-B.1. Adjust the average cable length for planning purposes as required (i.e., average measured length). Exception:

buildings with collapsed backbones that use FOCs for all data and copper UTP for voice-only, may exceed the 295 ft length.

2.4.2 Backbone Cable

The following subparagraphs pertain to copper and fiber optic backbone cable. The building backbone shall have no more than two hierarchical levels of cross-connects. Copper backbone cable shall be used only for voice circuits. Fiber optic cable shall connect the data backbone.

2.4.2.1 Copper Backbone Cable

Multi-pair voice backbone cable shall meet the requirements of Insulated Cable Engineers Association (ICEA) S-80-576 and TIA/EIA-568-B.2 for riser rated UTP cable. Conductors shall be solid un-tinned copper, 24 AWG with a nominal characteristic impedance of 100 ohm. The copper backbone cable originating in the main TR or main cross connect shall be terminated in each TR on 110 type, insulation displacement, wiring blocks mounted on the telephone backboard. Provide at least two backbone cable pairs for every outlet connected to the TR served by the backbone cable. Plenum cables shall be provided IAW NFPA 70, or when directed by the facility safety officer. The ICEA specifications are listed in the references, and can be purchased at http://global.ihs.com.

2.4.2.2 Copper Termination

Termination shall be performed using 110-type connectors, rated for the installed cable. All terminations shall be wired IAW TIA/EIA T568A. Twisted pair outside plant (OSP) cable is terminated on the Protected Entrance Terminal (PET), see paragraph 3. See Figures B-5 and B-6 of Appendix B for details. Cross-connects can then be placed from the PET to the first set of 110-type terminal blocks as needed. The first set of terminal blocks provides connection for all backbones and for outlets served by the main TR. For main TRs that contain a telephone distribution frame, the horizontal main distribution frame (MDF) blocks shall serve as the main cross connects. Refer to MDF description in the section on Dial Central Offices (DCO) in the USAISEC TG for Circuit Switching. For example, in a three-floor building, one backbone cable shall be terminated on 110-type blocks on the same backboard as the PET; one backbone cable shall be terminated on 110-type blocks in the second floor TR; and one backbone cable shall be terminated on 110-type blocks in the third floor TR. A backbone cable connects a second set of 110-type blocks in each TR to a rack mounted, 8-pin (RJ45 type) connector voice patch panel. This panel can be patched to the distribution patch panel, which in turn terminates the Cat 6 outlet wiring. Cross-connects can be done by the Director of Information Management (DOIM)/telephone personnel, and jumpers can be installed by the user/Information Mission Area (IMA) department, providing the desired connectivity between the OSP and the inside plant wiring. This design allows maximum flexibility for future moves, additions, and changes.

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2.4.2.3 FO Backbone Cable

For all projects, a minimum of 12 strands of 50/125-micron laser optimized multimode FOC and 12 strands single mode FOC shall be installed between the main TR or main cross connect and each TR. If requested by the user, only 12 strands of one type of fiber may be used. Plenum cables shall be provided IAW NFPA 70, or when directed by local regulations.

Note: The U.S. Army Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) data network architecture dictates the use of single mode FOC between TRs.

FO Termination. All FO backbone cable shall be terminated in cabinet/rack-mounted patch panels, at each end. Do not use ST style adapters for new construction unless specifically required for interface with existing equipment reused on installations. Check with activity for specific requirements for ST adapters. The default choice for FO adapters and connectors shall be TIA/EIA “SC” type (568SC). TIA/EIA 604-3A “SC” type connectors are preferred in new systems as the international standard now accepted by the U.S.

Government. Other type connectors (small-form-factor) (MT-RJ, VF-45, etc.) may be substituted as required by the user. Provide FO adapters and connectors IAW TIA/EIA-604 FOCIS and the corresponding FOCIS for the type of connector used.

2.4.3 CATV or CCTV Cable

When CATV or CCTV requirements are identified, either a 75-ohm broadband coaxial cable or single-mode FOC system shall be installed. Refer to the paragraphs above for FOC.

When a coaxial system is installed, care shall be taken to ensure the correct cable is used.

The designer shall coordinate with the cable service provider where franchised agreements are in place. Plenum cables shall be provided IAW NFPA 70 or when directed by the facility safety officer. The table below lists cable types with corresponding distance limitation. Table 2 is derived from vendor specifications (Anixter) for coaxial cable. The RG-59 shall not be used for CATV projects; however, RG-6 shall be used to outlet locations and RG-11 for feeder and trunk cables.

Table 2. Coaxial Cable Cable Distance (feet) Distance (meters)

RG-6 <=250 <=76

RG-11 <=400 <=122

625 Series >400 >122

2.4.3.1 CATV Systems

Community antenna TV systems are generally referred to as cable TV. The CATV systems shall be designed IAW (1) where required, provide a complete system to be owned and maintained by the U.S. Government including backbone consisting of backboards/cabinets and wire and conduit with outlets and jacks in all offices, and (2) other locations as required by the user. System shall be designed IAW applicable TIA/EIA, Building Industry Consulting Service International (BICSI), and NFPA 70 standards, and shall be coordinated with the local CATV service provider. System shall include head end amplifier when required by the local provider, amplifiers, splitters, combiners, line taps, cables, outlets, tilt compensators, and all other parts, components, and equipment necessary to provide a complete and usable system. System shall provide a high quality signal to all outlets with a return path for interactive television and cable modem access. The system shall be designed to operate within the 5 to 1000 Megahertz (MHz) bandwidth using 1000 MHz passive devices and a minimum of 750 MHz active devices. Each outlet shall have a minimum signal level of 0 decibel millivolts (dBmV) (1000 microvolts) and a maximum of 15 dBmV at 55 and 750 MHz.

Distribution system shall be star topology with each outlet connected to a communications closet with a feeder cable or a drop cable and each communications closet connected to the head end equipment with a trunk cable.

Provide cable installed in conduit as follows:

• Trunk Cable, RG-11 or 625 series

• Feeder cable, RG-11

• Drop Cable, RG-6

2.4.4 Building Infrastructure

See Figures B-1 through B-8 of Appendix B for details. Figure B-9 of Appendix B provides a typical floor plan used in designing a building or office cabling system. Design a complete telecommunications pathway system that provides a flexible, re-usable, expandable pathway for premise distribution of telecommunications services throughout the facility. The preferred pathway system is cable tray from the TER and TRs throughout the serving areas.

The required pathway methods for distribution from the cable tray to the telecommunications outlet are conduit (preferred) and non-continuous support to a conduit stub-up. For non-continues pathways provide suitable supports that provide an accessible pathway for cables not supported by conduit. Non-continuous cable support shall not be used as a substitute for cable tray

2.4.4.1 Cable Tray

Solid bottom, slotted bottom, or welded wire cable tray shall be used to provide a centralized cable management/distribution system. Cable tray shall be used for horizontal distribution to the maximum extent possible (80 percent to 90 percent of the horizontal cable length).

See Figure B-5 of Appendix B for details. Cable trays shall be designed to accommodate a maximum calculated fill ratio of 50 percent to a maximum inside depth of 6 inches (150 mm). For planning purposes, the maximum pathway fill shall be 25 percent. For barracks, the designer shall provide 1 square inch (650 square mm) cross-sectional area of the tray or wire way for each barracks unit, and not exceed the 50 percent fill ratio. Ladder cable tray and center spine cable tray shall not be utilized for horizontal distribution. Provide 12 inches of clearance above cable trays for future access as per TIA/EIA-569-B, paragraph

4.5.6.2. Designers shall coordinate with other disciplines to ensure clearances can be achieved. Cable ladder shall not be used in lieu of cable tray.

2.4.4.2 Enclosed Duct (Perimeter Raceway)

When a building design does not provide for installation of cable tray, enclosed square duct may be installed. Enclosed duct may also be used in place of cable tray when cable plant requires physical security. For initial design guidance follow TIA/EIA-569-B, which states “Pathway (raceway) fill is calculated by dividing the summation of the cross-sectional area of all cables by the most restrictive cross-sectional area of the raceway system.” During actual design, the designer shall plan for an optimal fill ratio of 40 percent. Under no circumstances shall a fill ratio of 60 percent be exceeded.

2.4.4.3 Conduit

Electrical metallic tubing (EMT) conduit shall be installed from the cable backbone distribution system, whether cable tray or enclosed duct, to each outlet, or installed from a receptacle box, into an accessible ceiling space directly above the receptacle box (stub-up).

Conduit for standard outlets shall be a minimum of 1 inch (27 mm) EMT conduit. When cable tray or enclosed duct is not used, individual conduits shall be installed from the TR to each outlet. Conduit bend radii shall be coordinated with cable bend radius. Conduit entries at outlet and junction boxes shall be arranged so that cables passing through the box shall enter and exit at opposite sides of the box. Do not use metal flex conduit for telecommunications wiring except when installing floor-access boxes in a raised floor, where floor-access box shall be relocated within a specified service area: i.e., 15-20 ft radius typical. The designer and installer shall follow the maximum allowable fill as defined in TIA/EIA-569-B table 9. Under no circumstances shall the designer exceed a fill capacity designated in the table. Note: Conduit shall not be used in family housing projects unless it is a high-rise apartment building.

2.4.4.4 Pull Boxes

Pull boxes shall be placed in conduit runs where a continuous conduit length exceeds 100 feet, or where there are more than two 90-degree bends. Pull boxes shall be placed in straight runs of conduit and not be used in lieu of a bend.

2.4.4.5 Non-Continuous Cable Supports

Provide suitable supports that provide a continuous accessible pathway for cables not supported by conduit or cable tray. Non-continuous cable supports shall not be used in place of the cable tray system. Non-continuous cable supports (J-hooks, etc.) shall be specifically designed to support category rated cabling. Supports shall not exceed 20 cables or 50 percent of the fill capacity, which ever is less. Spacing shall not exceed five feet between supports.

2.4.4.6 Open Office Wiring

a. Systems Furniture Wiring Design systems furniture wiring connections IAW TIA/EIA-569-B.

b. Multi-user Telecommunication Outlet Assembly (MUTOA) The ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1 allows MUTOAs in an open office environment. This option provides greater flexibility in an office that is frequently reconfigured. A multi-user telecommunications outlet assembly facilitates the termination of single or multiple horizontal cables in a common location within a furniture cluster or similar open area. The cables from MUTOAs to work stations in system furniture or open office are simply long work area cables supported by the systems furniture raceway. The MUTOAs do not include an additional connection, and are limited to terminating a maximum of 12 users. Follow the guidance of ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1, Section 6.4.1 for MUTOA application and design.

Multi-user telecommunication outlet assembly (MUTOA) may be used in lieu of fixed furniture outlets. However, the distribution of work area cables from the MUTOA to the desktop shall be addressed and accounted for in the telecommunications and the furniture designs.

c. Consolidation Point (CP) The CP is an interconnection point within the horizontal cabling using ANSI/TIA/EIA-568- B.2 or ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3 compliant connecting hardware. It differs from the multi-user telecommunications outlet assembly in that it requires an additional connection for each horizontal cable run. The CP is limited to terminating a maximum of 12 users. Follow the guidance of ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1, Section 6.4.2 for CP application and design.

d. Direct Connection Figure B-8 of Appendix B shows two possible solutions for direct wiring to the systems furniture. This concept is one of a continuous home run from the TR to the furniture outlet.

Continuous runs are not the recommended method, and shall only be used in open office environments that cannot be readily reconfigured. Testing of the installed cable plant is simplified by providing an end-to-end circuit, without an additional connection point.

Follow the guidance of ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-B, Section 6.3.2 for direct connection application and design.

e. Under floor conduits.

Under floor conduits shall only be used if no other alternative exists for feeding systems furniture. Under floor conduits shall be designed and installed IAW TIA/EIA-569-B. Under floor outlet boxes shall contain a spare conduit for future expansion.

f. Protection and Separation.

The designer and implementer shall ensure the telecommunications cable is protected at all transition points, and that metallic separation is provided between telecommunication and power wiring in the power pole, under floor conduit, and/or systems furniture track IAW TIA/EIA-569-B and Article 800-52 of ANSI/NFPA 70.

2.4.4.7 Small Facilities and Rennovations

In new construction involving small, mixed use (non administrative) facilities, or construction projects involving renovation of existing buildings, use of “J” hooks, flexible cable tray, and alternative support systems specifically certified for Cat 6 cable is permissible. All alternative telecommunications supporting structures shall be TIA/EIA-569- B compliant, and design and installed in accordance with TIA/EIA-569-B, NEMA/BICSI 568, and the manufacturers specifications. Alternative support systems shall not exceed a 50 percent fill ratio. “J” hooks shall not exceed 20 cables or 50 percent of the fill capacity, whichever is less. Surface mounted non-metallic raceway may be used in renovation projects where access to the walls for installation of conduit and outlet boxes is not possible, or where historical requirements prohibit the alteration of the building structure. See Figure B-9 of Appendix B for details.

2.4.4.8 WAPs

The WAP cabling infrastructure shall be installed in the same manner as other telecommunications outlets within this design guide. The infrastructure shall include the cable tray and conduit or J-hooks to support the Cat 6 cable connected to the WAP. The use of “J” hooks, flexible cable tray, and alternative support systems specifically certified for Cat 6, cable is permissible to support the WAPs from the cable tray. J” hooks shall not exceed a 50 percent fill ratio. Horizontal cabling to distribution areas shall be supported in cable tray.

2.5 Telecommunications Spaces

Provide a telecommunications equipment room (TER) and/or telecommunications rooms (TR) within each building or facility as described in this document. See Figures B-4 through B-6 of Appendix B for sample closet layouts. Provide a telecommunication equipment room (TER) as the main telecommunications room for each building. TIA/EIA-568-B.1 has replaced telecommunications closet (TC) with TR. The engineer shall use the reference to TR to more accurately describe the space needed for telecommunications equipment. In new construction or renovation, take into account the heat load of all active electronic equipment to be installed in TRs and equipment rooms. The designer shall estimate these loads and coordinate HVAC requirements. Active electronics shall be placed in a conditioned space.

Follow requirements of ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-B when active electronics are to be located in TCs and equipment rooms.

2.5.1 Multi-story Buildings

In multi-story buildings, a minimum of one TR shall be located on each floor. Small facilities, i.e., air traffic control towers, firing ranges, storage facility, etc., may use one TR for the entire facility. The designer shall consider the outlet density (Table 1 when determining whether additional TRs are required for non-administrative facilities. Collapsed backbone buildings, i.e., major command and control (C2) facilities, may reduce the number of TRs to a minimum in line with the collapsed wiring architecture. The TRs on successive floors shall be vertically stacked wherever possible. A minimum of four 4-in (103 mm) sleeves shall be installed between stacked closets on successive floors, IAW TIA/EIA-569- B.

2.5.2 TR Sizing

The TRs shall be sized IAW TIA/EIA-569-B for all new construction projects with…