Forest Service Outdoor Recreation Acessibility Guidelines (FSORAG).pdf

United States Department of Agriculture

Forest Service

National Technology & Development Program

1523–2811–MTDC

Recreation

October

Forest Service Outdoor Recreation Accessibility Guidelines

(FSORAG)

Pocket Version

Cover—A group of forest visitors setting up camp in the White Mountain National Forest in New Hampshire.

Photo credit: Northeast Passage, Durham, NH

Ordering Information

You can order a copy of this document using the order form on the FHWA’s Recreational Trails Program Web site at:

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Fill out the order form and submit it electronically.

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Produced by USDA Forest Service National Technology and Development Program 5785 Hwy. 10 West Missoula, MT 59808–9361 Phone: 406–329–3978 Fax: 406–329–3719

Email: wo_mtdc_pubs@fs.fed.us

Notice This document was produced in cooperation with the Recre-ational Trails Program of the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Federal Highway Administration in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the use of information contained in this document.

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Forest Service Outdoor Recreation Accessibility Guidelines (FSORAG)

Pocket Version

Kathleen Snodgrass Project Leader

USDA Forest Service National Technology and Development Program Missoula, MT

2E22A08 Pocket Guide for FSTAG

October 2015

In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident.

Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English.

To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at https://www.ascr.usda.gov/ad-3027-usda-program-discrimination -complaint-form and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992.

Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410;

(2) fax: (202) 690-7442; or (3) email: program.intake@usda.gov.

USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.

The Forest Service, an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), has developed this information for the guidance of its employees, its contractors, and its cooperating Federal and State agencies. The Forest Service assumes no responsibility for the interpretation or use of this information by anyone except its own employees. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.

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Contents

1.0 Application

2.0 Outdoor Recreation Access Routes (ORARs)

3.0 Recreation Sites

4.0 Constructed Features in Recreation Sites

5.0 Buildings in Recreation Sites

6.0 Beach Access Routes

Web Links to References

1.0 Application

The Forest Service Outdoor Recreation Accessibility Guide-lines (FSORAG) and the Forest Service Trail Accessibility Guide-lines (FSTAG) are the legally enforceable standards for facilities, routes, and features within the National Forest System. Although the guidelines are not legally enforceable outside of the National Forest System, they may be used by other entities to define best practices for recreation areas.

FSORAG provides guidance for maximizing the accessibility of outdoor recreation areas while protecting the unique character-istics of the natural setting.

All facilities and features addressed in the FSORAG that are constructed or altered within the National Forest System must comply with the FSORAG. These facilities include, but are not limited to, camping facilities, picnic areas, viewing areas at overlooks, beach access routes, outdoor recreation access routes (ORARs), and other constructed features associated with outdoor recreation areas in the National Forest System.

The FSORAG does not apply to:

• Most buildings; recreational facilities that are not addressed in the FSORAG or FSTAG must comply with the applicable requirements of the Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Standards (ABAAS).

• Trails; most new or altered pedestrian/hiker trails must com-ply with the FSTAG.

• Boating and fishing facilities, swimming pools, play areas, sports arenas, miniature golf courses, and amusement parks must comply with chapter 10: Recreation Facilities of the

ABAAS.

• Maintenance work (routine or periodic repair of existing rec-reation sites or facilities).

• Certain alterations at existing recreation areas:

◊ Where an existing element or space is altered, but the circulation path to the altered element or space is not altered, the circulation path is not required to comply with accessibility requirements. The altered element or space must comply with accessibility requirements.

◊ Where an existing individual site furnishing (such as a picnic table or fire ring) is altered or replaced, but the floor or ground surface under or around it is not altered, the floor or ground surface is not required to comply with accessibility requirements. The new or altered site furnishing must comply with accessibility requirements.

Forest Service Outdoor Recreation Accessibility Guidelines (FSORAG) Pocket Version

2Forest Service Outdoor Recreation Accessibility Guidelines (FSORAG) Pocket Version

1.1 Conditions for an Exception—Where described in

individual sections of the guidelines, some specific technical requirements may be reduced or changed if one or more of the following conditions exists. The exception shall not be used on the portion of the feature where the condition does not exist. If no exception is provided for the technical requirement, no exception is allowed. All other appropriate design options should be consid-ered before applying the exception.

Some specific technical requirements also contain general exceptions that may be applied irrespective of the presence of a condition for an exception, due to manufacturing limitations or other considerations. These are detailed specifically in the appli-cable technical sections and shall not be used for other features.

Condition for an Exception 1. Where compliance with the tech-nical requirement is not practicable due to terrain.

Condition for an Exception 2. Where compliance with the tech-nical requirement would fundamentally alter the function or pur-pose of the facility or the setting.

Condition for an Exception 3. Where compliance with the tech-nical requirement cannot be accomplished with the prevailing construction practices.

Condition for an Exception 4. Where compliance is precluded by the following:

• Endangered Species Act (16 U.S.C. §§ 1531 et seq.),

• National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. §§ 4321 et seq.),

• National Historic Preservation Act (16 U.S.C. §§ 470 et seq.),

• Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. §§ 1131 et seq.),

• Other Federal, State, or local law, the purpose of which is to preserve threatened or endangered species; the environment;

or archaeological, cultural, historical, or other significant natural features.

1.2 Definitions—See the full text of the FSORAG for defini-

tions.

2.0 Outdoor Recreation Access Routes

(ORARs)

2.1 General—ORARs shall be provided between units and

constructed features in campgrounds, picnic areas, trailheads, viewing areas, and other outdoor recreation sites. ORARs shall connect the outdoor constructed features within each recreation site and shall connect to common use features such as toilets, showers, water spouts, trash or recycling receptacles, parking spaces, and beach access routes.

Exception 1. ORARs shall not be required where camping facili-ties, picnic facilities, viewing areas, or outdoor constructed fea-tures are provided on trails. The routes connecting those facilities are to comply with the technical provisions for trails.

Exception 2. When an existing camping facility or unit, picnic facility or unit, or trailhead is altered or reconstructed and a con-dition for an exception in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance with a specific requirement in section 2 on a portion of an ORAR, that portion of the ORAR shall comply with the specific require-ment to the extent practicable.

Exception 3. When a new viewing area is constructed, or an existing viewing area is altered or reconstructed and a condition for an exception in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance with a specific requirement in section 2 on a portion of an ORAR, that portion of the ORAR shall comply with the specific requirement to the extent practicable.

Exception 4. Where an element, space, or outdoor constructed feature is altered in a camping facility, picnic facility, viewing area, or trailhead but the circulation path to the altered element, space, or outdoor constructed feature is not altered, an ORAR shall not be required.

Exception 5. Where ORARs are provided within vehicular ways, those ORARs shall not be required to comply with sections 2.4 Slope, 2.5 Resting Intervals, and 2.6 Passing Spaces.

Exception 6. An ORAR is not required to connect accessible camping units to a recreational vehicle (RV) dump station if an accessible vehicle pullup space is provided at the RV dump station.

2.2 Surface—The surface of an ORAR shall be firm and sta-

ble. The type of surface should be appropriate to the setting and level of development.

2.3 Clear Tread Width—The clear tread width of an ORAR

shall be at least 36 inches (915 millimeters), as shown in figure 1.

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Figure 1—The clear tread width is the unobstructed width of the traveling surface.

Exception 1. Where a condition for an exception in section 1.1 prevents achieving the required width, the clear tread width may be reduced to 32 inches (815 millimeters) minimum. If the condi-tion for an exception prevents achieving the reduced width of 32 inches (815 millimeters), comply to the extent practicable.

Exception 2. Where an ORAR is provided within a vehicular way, clear passage of 32 inches is required around or through speed restriction devices, gates, and other barriers on the roadway.

2.4 Slope—The running slope (grade) and cross slope of

ORARs shall comply with section 2.4, as shown in figure 2.

Figure 2—The basic slope requirements for outdoor recreation access routes and beach access routes.

Exception: Where an ORAR is permitted to be provided within a vehicular way, the integrated ORAR shall not be required to com-ply with section 2.4.

2.4.1 Running Slope (Grade).

2.4.1.1 The running slope (grade) of an ORAR shall be 1:20 (5 percent) or less for any distance.

2.4.1.2 A grade of up to 1:12 (8.33 percent) is permitted for up to 50 feet (15 meters) of an ORAR. Resting intervals complying with section 2.5 shall be provided at distances of no more than 50 feet (15 meters) apart, as shown in table 2.4.1.

2.4.1.3 A grade of up to 1:10 (10 percent) is permitted for up to 30 feet (9 meters) of an ORAR. Resting intervals complying with section 2.5 shall be provided at distances of no more than 30 feet (9 meters) apart, as shown in table 2.4.1.

Table 2.4.1 Running Slope (Grade) and Segment Length Between Resting Intervals.

Running Slope (Grade) of Segment of Outdoor Recreation Access Route Maximum Length of Segment Between Resting Intervals

Steeper than But not steeper than

1:20 (5 percent) 1:12 (8.33 percent) 50 feet (15 meters)

1:12 (8.33 percent) 1:10 (10 percent) 30 feet (9 meters)

2.4.2 Cross Slope. The cross slope of an ORAR shall be no

more than 1:33 (3 percent). Where the surface is paved or is elevated above the natural ground, the cross slope shall not be steeper than 1:48 (2 percent).

2.5 Resting Intervals

2.5.1 Location. A resting interval shall be provided between

each ORAR segment, in compliance with section 2.4.1.

Depending on the design and location, the intersection of two ORARs may act as a resting interval.

Exception: Where a vehicular way serves as the ORAR, the integrated ORAR shall not be required to comply.

2.5.2 Length. The resting interval length shall be a minimum of 60 inches (1,525 millimeters) long, as shown in figure 3.

Figure 3—The basic resting interval requirements for outdoor recreation access routes.

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2.5.3 Width. Resting intervals shall be at least as wide as the widest segment of the ORAR leading to the resting interval.

Where resting intervals are provided adjacent to an ORAR, the resting interval clear width shall be 36 inches (915 millimeters) minimum.

2.5.4 Slope. Resting intervals shall not be steeper than 1:33 (3 percent) in any direction. Where the surface is paved or is elevated above the natural ground, the slope shall not be steeper than 1:48 (2 percent) in any direction.

2.5.5 Turning Space. Where resting intervals are provided adja-cent to an ORAR, the turning space should be at least 60 inches (1,525 millimeters) in diameter or T-shaped with a minimum 36 inches (915 millimeters) wide by 24 inches (610 millimeters) deep base centered on a minimum 36 inches (915 millimeters) wide by 60 inches (1,525 millimeters) long crossarm. Vertical alignment between the ORAR, turning space, and resting inter-val shall be nominally level. The access route, turning space, and resting interval may overlap.

2.6 Passing Spaces—ORARs with a clear width less than

60 inches (1,525 millimeters) shall provide passing spaces at intervals of 200 feet (61 meters) maximum. Passing spaces and resting intervals shall be permitted to overlap.

Exception: Where a vehicular way serves as the ORAR, the inte-grated ORAR shall not be required to comply with section 2.6.

2.6.1 Size. The passing space shall be either:

2.6.1.1 A space 60 inches (1,525 millimeters) minimum by 60

inches (1,525 millimeters) minimum, as shown in figure 4.

Figure 4—Minimum required dimensions for a passing space for an outdoor recreation access route or a beach access route.

2.6.1.2 The intersection of two ORARs providing a T-shaped

space where the base and the arms of the T-shaped space extend 48 inches (1,220 millimeters) minimum beyond the intersec-tion, as shown in figure 5. Vertical alignment at the intersection of the ORARs that form the T-shaped space shall be nominally level.

Figure 5—A T-intersection may be used as a passing space on an outdoor recre-ation access route or a beach access route if it has dimensions as shown, or larger.

2.7 Tread Obstacles—Tread obstacles shall not exceed 1

inch (25 millimeters) in height. Where the surface is paved or is elevated above the natural ground, obstacles shall not exceed one-half inch (13 millimeters) in height measured vertically to the highest point.

2.8 Openings—Openings in the surface of ORARs shall be

small enough to prevent passage of a ½-inch (13-millimeter) diameter sphere. Elongated openings should be placed perpendic-ular, or as close to perpendicular as possible, to the main direction of travel, as shown in figure 6.

Figure 6—Elongated openings should be perpendicular to the direction of travel.

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2.9 Protruding Objects—Constructed features, including

signs, water sources, and so forth shall not extend into the space above an ORAR more than 4 inches (100 millimeters) if they are between 27 inches (685 millimeters) and 80 inches (2,030 milli-meters) above the surface of the ORAR, as shown in figure 7.

Figure 7—Constructed objects can’t extend into the clear width area more than 4 inches if they are between 27 and 80 inches (685 to 2,030 millimeters) above the walking surface.

2.9.1 Natural Elements. Accessibility guidelines for protruding objects do not apply to natural elements such as tree branches and rock formations. However, safety regulations or Forest Ser-vice construction and maintenance standards may define clear space and limit the allowable extension of natural protruding objects over the ORAR surface.

2.10 Gates and Barriers—Gates or barriers that are con-

structed to control access to an ORAR shall comply with section 2.10.

2.10.1 Clear Width. Gate openings and openings in barriers for pedestrian passage shall provide a clear width of 36 inches (915 millimeters), complying with the Outdoor Developed Areas Accessibility Guidelines (ODAAG), section 1017.3 Clear Tread Width.

2.10.2 Gate Hardware. Gate hardware must be operable with

one hand without tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist, using a force of 5 pounds (22.2 Newtons) or less, and must be 34 inches (865 millimeters) minimum and 48 inches (1,220 millimeters) maximum above the floor or ground.

3.0 Recreation Sites

3.1 Vehicle Parking

3.1.1 General Vehicle Parking

3.1.1.1 Vehicle parking lots with more than two parking spaces that are not associated with an individual camping or picnic unit shall comply with ABAAS sections 208 and 502. These are the same requirements as for parking lots associated with buildings.

3.1.1.2 Where a parking spur is adjacent or attached to a picnic unit or a camping unit living area, it shall comply with section 3.3, as well as section 3.1.

3.1.1.3 Where recreational vehicle (RV) parking areas are pro-vided at a camping facility, parking areas shall be provided for accessible RVs and trailers in accordance with table 3.1.1.

Table 3.1.1 Minimum Number of Accessible Recreational Vehicle (RV) Parking Areas.

Number of Camping Units Maximum Number of Accessible RV Parking Areas in Units Designed for Recreational Vehicles and Trailers

1 1

2 to 25 2

26 to 50 3

51 to 75 4

76 to 100 5

101 to 150 7

151 to 200 8

201 and over 8, plus 2 percent of the number more than 2003.1.2 Surface of Vehicle Parking Spurs. The surface of vehi-cle parking spurs shall be firm and stable. The type of surface should be appropriate to the setting and level of development.

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3.1.3 Slope of Vehicle Parking Spurs

3.1.3.1 The slope of vehicle parking areas shall not exceed 1:48 (2 percent) in any direction, as shown in figure 8.

Exception: When the surface is not paved, slopes not steeper than 1:33 (3 percent) shall be permitted where necessary for drainage.

Figure 8—The components of a campground parking spur.

3.1.3.2 The running slope (grade) of driveways shall be no more than 1:12 (8.33 percent) for no more than 50 feet (15 meters).

Exception 1. A running slope of up to 1:10 (10 percent) for driveways is permitted for up to 30 feet (9 meters).

Exception 2. For alteration only, not new construction, if exception 1 of section 3.1.3.2 cannot be met because one or more conditions for exception in section 1.1 exist, a running slope of no more than 1:10 (10 percent) is permitted for no more than 50 feet (15 meters).

3.1.3.3 The cross slope of driveways shall not exceed 1:33 (3 percent).

Exception: The cross slope of driveways may be no more than 1:20 (5 percent) where needed to ensure proper drain-age or to transition from the running slope of a campground road, as shown in figure 9.

Figure 9—The transition from a parking spur driveway to a campground road.

3.1.4 Width of Campsite and Dump Station Vehicle Parking

Areas

3.1.4.1 The width of non-RV campsite vehicle parking areas

shall be at least 16 feet (4,880 millimeters).

Exception 1. Where the width of a vehicle parking area can-not be at least 16 feet (4,880 millimeters) because one or more conditions for exception in section 1.1 exist, the width of the vehicle parking area may be reduced to no less than 13 feet (3,960 millimeters), with the following limitations:

• Where only one or two vehicle parking areas are provided, no exception is permitted.

• Where 3 to 10 vehicle parking areas are provided, no exception is permitted for 2 of the vehicle parking areas.

• Where more than 10 vehicle parking areas are provided, no exception is permitted for 20 percent of the vehicle parking areas.

Exception 2. Where a double camping unit is provided with two parking areas so that two vehicles can park side-by-side, the total width of the vehicle parking area may be reduced from 32 feet (9,760 millimeters) to 24 feet (7,320 millime-ters).

3.1.4.2 Where RV camping units or dump stations are provided, vehicle parking areas for recreational vehicles and trailers that are required to be accessible in accordance with table 3.1.1 shall be at least 20 feet (6,100 millimeters) wide. The 20-foot width requirement applies only to the RV parking area and does not apply to the driveway of a parking spur or dump station.

Exception: Where a double camping unit or dump station is provided to accommodate two RVs or trailers side by side, the total width of the vehicle parking area may be reduced from 40 feet (12 meters) to 36 feet (11 meters).

3.2 Camping Units

3.2.1 General. Where camping units are provided in a camp-

ground, section 4.0 and 5.0 shall apply to each camping unit.

Camp living areas shall comply with section 3.2. Vehicle park-ing spaces shall comply with section 3.1.

3.2.2 ORARs in Camping Units. Connections shall be provided

between site furnishings and constructed features in camping units, as well as between accessible camping units, parking areas, and accessible common use features in compliance with section 2.0.

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3.2.3 Surface. The ground surface in all camp living areas shall be firm and stable. The type of surface should be appropriate to the setting and level of development.

3.2.4 Slope. The ground surface in all camp living areas shall have a slope of no more than 1:48 (2 percent) in any direction.

Exception: When the surface is not paved or is not elevated above the natural ground, slopes not steeper than 1:33 (3 per-cent) shall be permitted where necessary for drainage.

3.2.5 Camp Living Areas. All constructed features provided in a camp living area shall comply with applicable provisions in sections 4.0 and 5.0.

3.2.5.1 Where walk-in camping is provided, an ORAR connect-

ing the camp living area to the parking area shall be provided in accordance with section 2.0.

3.2.6 Identification of Accessible Camping Units. Acces-

sible camping units shall be identified at an entrance kiosk, on a bulletin board, or on a sign at the registration area of a camp-ground. They shall not be identified using individual signs adja-cent to the camp units.

Exception 1. Identification of accessible camping units is not required at campgrounds where all camping units are acces-sible.

Exception 2. Identification of accessible camping units is not required where camping units are assigned upon arrival or through a reservation system.

3.3 Picnic Units

3.3.1 General. Site furnishings and constructed features pro-vided in picnic units shall comply with the applicable provi-sions of sections 4.0 and 5.0 of the FSORAG.

3.3.2 ORARs in Picnic Units. Connections shall be provided

between site furnishings and constructed features in picnic units as well as between accessible picnic units, parking areas, and accessible common use features in compliance with section 2.0.

3.3.3 Identification of Accessible Picnic Units. Where not all picnic units are accessible, the picnic units that are accessible shall not be identified by signs at the individual units. Informa-tion on the location of accessible picnic units shall be provided on Web sites, in brochures, and at bulletin boards or informa-tion kiosks if available at the picnic facility.

3.4 Viewing Areas

3.4.1 General Viewing Area Exceptions:

Exception 1. Where multiple viewing areas at overlooks are provided, at least one of each viewing opportunity for distinct points of interest shall be accessible.

Exception 2. When a new viewing area is constructed, or an existing viewing area is altered or reconstructed, if a condi-tion for exception in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance with a specific requirement in section 3.4, the viewing area shall comply with the specific requirement to the extent prac-ticable.

3.4.2 ORARs in Viewing Area. Connections shall be provided

between site furnishings and constructed features in viewing areas as well as between accessible viewing areas, parking areas, and accessible common use features in compliance with section 2.0.

Exception. Where a condition for an exception in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance with a specific technical require-ment on a portion of an ORAR for a viewing area, that por-tion of the ORAR shall comply with the specific requirement to the extent practicable.

3.4.3 Unrestricted Viewing Opportunities. Each viewing area

that is required to be accessible by section 3.4.1 shall provide at least one unrestricted viewing opportunity that accommodates eye levels between 32 inches (815 millimeters) minimum and 51 inches (1,295 millimeters) maximum above the ground or floor.

Where there is a dropoff of more than 30 inches (762 mil-limeters), a guard railing or barrier that complies with the height and opening requirements of the International Building Code sec-tions 1013.2 and 1013.3 (2006 edition) shall be provided. One way to provide both safety and viewing is shown in figure 10.

Figure 10—This overlook design has two levels so the railing can be lower at the upper viewing area.

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3.4.4 Clear Ground Space and Turning Space. Each viewing

area that is required to be accessible by section 3.4.1 shall have a clear ground or floor space 36 inches (915 millimeters) mini-mum by 48 inches (1,220 millimeters) minimum positioned for either forward or parallel approach to the viewing location, and at least one turning space that complies with section 304.3 of the ABAAS, as shown in figures 11 and 12.

3.4.5 Grade. The clear ground space and turning space required by section 3.4.3 shall have a slope of no more than 1:48 (2 per-cent) in any direction.

Figure 11—One way to meet the requirements for turning space at a viewing area.

Figure 12—The requirements for a T-shaped turning space at a viewing area.

Exception: When the surface is not paved or is not elevated above the natural ground, slopes not steeper than 1:33 (3 per-cent) shall be permitted where necessary for drainage.

3.4.6 Surface. The surface of each viewing area shall be firm and stable. The type of surface should be appropriate to the set-ting and level of development.

3.4.7 Openings. Openings in the clear ground space and turn-

ing space surface shall not allow passage of a sphere more than ½-inch (13 millimeters) diameter. Elongated openings shall be placed perpendicular, or as close to perpendicular as possible, to the main direction of travel.

3.4.8 Viewing Areas Accessed by Vehicular Ways. Where a

viewing area is accessed by a vehicular way and parking spaces are provided adjacent to the viewing area, the accessible park-ing spaces shall be connected to the viewing areas by an ORAR complying with 2.0. The ORAR shall connect the distinct view-ing locations, accessible outdoor constructed elements, and other accessible elements, accessible spaces, and accessible facilities in the viewing area.

3.5 Use of the International Symbol of Accessibility

(ISA) and Other Signs

3.5.1 General. Per section F216 of the ABAAS, the ISA (figure

13) shall be posted at the following six locations:

• Accessible parking spaces in parking lots where there are five or more designated parking spaces, including accessible parking spaces.

◊ VAN accessible parking spaces in lots must be signed as such.

◊ RV accessible parking spaces in lots must be signed as such.

• Accessible loading zones.

• Accessible restrooms and bathing facilities.

Figure 13—International symbol of accessibility.

• In the vicinity of the closest accessible entrance if the main entrance to a building is not accessible.

• Accessible means of egress out of a building.

• Accessible areas of refuge inside multistory buildings.

In addition, the ISA may only be posted at the entrance to recreation areas with Recreation Site Development Scale level of 3 or higher, where ALL constructed features within that recre-ation area comply with applicable provisions of the ABAAS and

FSORAG.

Use of the ISA for identification of accessible camping units shall conform to 3.2.6; identification of accessible picnic units shall conform to section 3.3.3.

3.5.2 Color of the ISA. Per section 703.7 of the ABAAS, the

ISA shall be posted in high-contrast colors. The ISA is not required to be blue and white when posted on Federal lands.

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3.5.2.1 To be enforceable at accessible parking spaces, the

ISA must comply with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) section 2B.35 that requires the ISA to be displayed in blue and white.

3.5.2.2 Where parking spaces are paved, any pavement mark-

ings designating accessible parking spaces must be blue, per the MUTCD section 3A.05.

3.5.3 Signs in General. If materials need to be obtained from or manipulated on a sign or kiosk, the sign or kiosk shall be designed to meet the reach ranges in section 308 of the ABAAS and shown in figures 14 through 19.

Figure 14—The requirements for unobstructed forward reach.

Figure 15—The requirements for obstructed high forward reach, narrower obstacles.

Figure 16—The requirements for obstructed high forward reach, wider obstacles.

Figure 17—The requirements for unobstructed side reach.

Figure 18—The requirements for obstructed high side reach, narrower obstacles.

Figure 19—The requirements for obstructed high side reach, wider obstacles.

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4.0 Constructed Features in

Recreation Sites

4.1 Picnic Tables

4.1.1 General Picnic Table Exception: In alterations, where

a condition for exception in section 1.1 prohibits full compli-ance with a specific requirement for clear floor or ground space surface slope, size, or location, the clear floor or ground space shall comply with requirements to the extent practicable.

4.1.2 Number of Wheelchair Seating Spaces. Each picnic

table shall have at least one wheelchair seating space. Picnic tables shall have at least one wheelchair seating space for each 24 linear feet (7 linear meters) of usable table surface perimeter, as shown in table 4.1.2. Each wheelchair seating space shall comply with sections 4.1.3 through 4.1.6.

Table 4.1.2 Number of Wheelchair Seating Spaces.

Tabletop Perimeter Typical Table Length for 2 foot 6 inch (760 millimeters) Table Width

Number of Wheelchair Seating Spaces Required

Up to 24 linear feet (7 linear meters)

Up to a 9-foot table (3 meters)

1 space

24 to 48 linear feet (7 to 15 meters)

10- to 20-foot table (3.1 to 6 meters)

2 spaces

48 to 72 linear feet (15 to 22 meters)

Depends on table configuration 3 spaces

72 to 96 linear feet (22 to 29 meters)

Depends on table configuration 4 spaces

96 to 120 linear feet (29 to 37 meters)

Depends on table configuration 5 spaces

4.1.3 Wheelchair Seating Space. Knee space for wheelchair

seating shall be at least 27 inches (685 millimeters) high, 30 inches (760 millimeters) wide, and 19 inches (485 millimeters) deep. Toe clearance of at least 9 inches (230 millimeters) in height shall extend at least an additional 5 inches (125 millime-ters) from the knee clearance, as shown in figure 20. Clear floor or ground space that is at least 30 inches by 48 inches shall be provided at each seating space that is required to be accessible and positioned for a forward approach to the table.

4.1.4 Clear Floor or Ground Space. At least 48 inches (1,220

millimeters) of clear floor or ground space shall surround the usable sides of a picnic table, measured from the back edge of the benches, as shown in figure 21. This space may overlap the ORAR.

Exception: The clear floor or ground space for a picnic table may be reduced to no less than 36 inches (915 millimeters), where one or more conditions for an exception in section 1.1 exist.

4.1.5 Slope. The slope of the surface of the clear floor or ground space around a picnic table shall not exceed 1:48 (2 percent) in any direction.

Exception: When the surface is not paved or is not elevated above the natural ground, grades not steeper than 1:33 (3 per-cent) shall be permitted where necessary for drainage.

Figure 20—The requirements for knee and toe space at a picnic table.

Figure 21—The requirements for clear space at a picnic table.

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4.1.6 Surface. The surface of the clear floor or ground space shall be firm and stable. The type of surface should be appropri-ate to the setting and level of development.

4.2 Fire Rings, Grills, Fireplaces, and Wood Stoves

4.2.1 General Fire Ring, Grill, Fireplace, and Woodstove

Exception: In alterations, where a condition for exception in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance with a specific require-ment for clear floor or ground space surface, slope, size, or location, the clear floor or ground space shall comply with requirements to the extent practicable.

4.2.2 Cooking Surface Height. The cooking surface shall be

at least 15 inches (380 millimeters) and no more than 34 inches (865 millimeters) above the floor or ground surface, as shown in figure 22.

4.2.3 Operable Parts. Operable parts shall be within the reach ranges shown in the drawings in section 3.5.3 and must be oper-able with one hand without tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist, using a force of 5 pounds (22.2 Newtons) or less.

Exception: Fire rings, grills, fireplaces, and wood stoves must comply with reach ranges but are not required to com-ply with other operability requirements until models that comply are readily available from more than one source.

Figure 22—The height requirements for manufactured steel fire rings.

4.2.4 Height of Fire-Building Surface. The fire-building sur-face within a fire ring shall be at least 9 inches (230 millime-ters) above the floor or ground.

4.2.5 Raised Edge. Where fire rings, grills, or fireplaces are constructed with raised edges or walls, the depth of the raised edge or wall shall be 10 inches (255 millimeters) maximum, as shown in figure 23.

Figure 23—The height, clear space, and reach range requirements for an outdoor fireplace.

4.2.6 Clear Floor or Ground Space. At least 48 inches (1,220

millimeters) by 48 inches (1,220 millimeters) of clear floor or ground space shall be provided on all usable sides of fire rings, grills, fireplaces or woodstoves, as shown in figure 24. This space must be adjacent to the ORAR but may not overlap the ORAR, due to safety considerations.

Exception: The clear floor or ground space at fire rings, grills, fireplaces, or woodstoves may be reduced to no less than 36 inches (915 millimeters), where a condition for an exception in section 1.1 exists.

Figure 24—The requirements for height, clear space, and reach range for a pedestal grill.

4.2.7 Surface. The surface of the clear floor or ground space shall be firm and stable. The type of surface should be appropri-ate to the setting and level of development.

4.2.8 Slope. The slope of the clear floor or ground space

required by section 4.2.6 shall not exceed 1:48 (2 percent) in any direction.

Exception: When the surface is not paved or is not elevated above the natural ground, slopes not steeper than 1:33 (3 per-cent) shall be permitted where necessary for drainage.

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4.3 Tent Pads and Tent Platforms

4.3.1 General. Tent platforms are not required. Where provided, tent pads and tent platforms at single camping units shall com-ply with section 4.3 and shall be connected to an ORAR com-plying with section 2.0. Where camping units contain more than one tent pad or tent platform, at least 20 percent, but not less than two, of the tent pads or tent platforms shall comply with section 4.3.

4.3.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space. Tent pads and tent plat-

forms shall have clear floor or ground space surrounding the tent that is at least 48 inches (1,220 millimeters) wide, as shown in figure 25. This space shall not overlap the ORAR.

Exception: Where a condition for exception in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance, the clear floor or ground space shall comply with section 4.3.2 to the extent practicable.

4.3.3 Slope. The slope of tent pads and tent platforms shall not exceed 1:48 (2 percent) in any direction.

Exception: When the surface is not paved or is not elevated above the natural ground, slopes not steeper than 1:33 (3 per-cent) shall be permitted where necessary for drainage.

Figure 25—The requirements for a tent pad.

4.3.4 Tent Pad or Platform Surface. Tent pads and tent plat-

forms shall have a surface that is firm and stable and is designed to allow use of tent stakes and other tent-securing devices.

Exception: Where a condition for exception in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance, the surface shall comply with sec-tion 4.3.4 to the extent practicable.

4.3.5 Transfer Height. Tent platform surfaces that are not the same elevation as the ORAR shall be between 17 inches (430 millimeters) minimum and 19 inches (485 millimeters) maxi-mum above the floor or ground surface adjacent to the ORAR to facilitate transfer from a wheelchair to the tent platform.

4.4 Benches

4.4.1 General. Where benches are provided, each shall comply

with section 4.4. At least 20 percent of the benches provided at a recreation site shall be connected to an ORAR complying with section 2.0.

Exception 1. Section 4.4.1 does not apply to built-in benches provided in assembly areas such as amphitheaters. These benches are covered by sections F221.2.1.1, F221.2.2, and 903 of the ABAAS and are the same as for assembly areas inside a building.

Exception 2. In alterations, where a condition for excep-tion in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance with a specific requirement for clear floor or ground space surface, slope, size, or location, the clear floor or ground space shall comply with requirements to the extent practicable.

4.4.2 Height. The front edge of the seat of a bench shall be at least 17 inches (430 millimeters) and no more than 19 inches (485 mil-limeters) above the floor or ground, as shown in figure 26.

4.4.3 Backrest and Armrest. When more than one bench is

provided in the same area, at least 50 percent of the benches shall have a backrest running the full length of the bench. In addition, one armrest shall be provided at one end or in the

Figure 26—The requirements for benches.

middle of at least 50 percent of the benches with backrests.

Materials used in bench backs, armrests, and mounting devices must be capable of supporting vertical or horizontal forces of 250 pounds (1,112 Newtons) applied at any point.

4.4.4 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor or ground

space of 36 inches (915 millimeters) by 48 inches (1,220 millime-ters) shall be located at an end of the bench with one side of the space adjoining an accessible route, ORAR, trail, or beach access route. The long dimension of the clear space shall be roughly per-pendicular to the length of the bench.

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Locate the clear space to provide shoulder alignment between a person sitting on the bench and a person seated in a wheelchair occupying the clear space. Shoulder alignment generally can be achieved by positioning the back of the bench so it is 8 inches (200 millimeters) closer to the ORAR, trail, or beach access route than the back of the required clear floor or ground space adjacent to the end of the bench.

The clear floor or ground space shall not overlap the ORAR or trail.

4.4.5 Slope. The slope of the clear floor or ground space for benches shall not exceed 1:48 (2 percent) in any direction.

Exception: When the surface is not paved or is not elevated above the natural ground, slopes not steeper than 1:33 (3 per-cent) shall be permitted where necessary for drainage.

4.4.6 Surface. The surface of the clear floor or ground space for benches shall be firm and stable. The type of surface should be appropriate to the setting and level of development.

4.5 Trash, Recycling, and Other Essential Containers

4.5.1 General Trash, Recycling, and Other Essential Con-

tainer Exceptions:

Exception 1. Fifty percent of the bins in multibin containers are exempt from section 4.5.1, as shown in figure 27.

Exception 2. In alterations, where a condition for excep-tion in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance with a specific requirement for clear floor or ground space surface, slope, size, or location, the clear floor or ground space shall comply with requirements to the extent practicable.

Figure 27—The requirements for trash and recycling containers.

4.5.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor or ground

space shall be provided for each trash, recycling, and other essen-tial container. The space shall be positioned for either forward or side approach to the container opening and be adjacent to or over-lap the ORAR.

4.5.2.1 The clear floor or ground space for a forward approach shall be 36 inches (915 millimeters) by 48 inches (1,220 mil-limeters).

4.5.2.2 The clear floor or ground space for a side approach shall be 30 inches (760 millimeters) by 60 inches (1,525 millime-ters).

4.5.3 Slope. The slope of the clear floor or ground space for trash, recycling, and other essential containers shall not exceed 1:48 (2 percent) in any direction.

Exception: When the surface is not paved or is not elevated above the natural ground, slopes not steeper than 1:33 (3 per-cent) shall be permitted where necessary for drainage.

4.5.4 Surface. The surface of the clear floor or ground space for trash, recycling, and other essential containers shall be firm and stable. The type of surface should be appropriate to the set-ting and level of development.

4.5.5 Controls and Operating Mechanisms. Controls and

operating mechanisms shall be within the reach ranges shown in the drawings in section 3.5.3 and must be operable with one hand without tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist, using a force of 5 pounds (22.2 Newtons) or less.

Exception: Trash and recycling containers with hinged lids and controls designed to keep out large animals must comply with reach ranges but are not required to comply with other operability requirements until models that comply are readily available from more than one source.

4.5.6 Openings. Openings in the clear floor or ground space

surface shall not allow passage of a sphere more than ½-inch (13 millimeters) diameter. Elongated openings shall be placed so that the long dimension is perpendicular, or as close to per-pendicular as possible, to the main direction of travel.

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4.6 Telescopes and Periscopes

4.6.1 General. Where telescopes or periscopes are provided, no fewer than two telescopes or periscopes shall be provided at each distinct viewing location in a viewing area. At least one telescope or periscope for each viewing location shall comply with section 4.6. The other telescopes shall be usable from a standing position. Telescopes or periscopes at different heights can be mounted separately or on a single pedestal.

Exception: In alterations, where a condition for exception in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance with a specific require-ment for clear floor or ground space surface, slope, size, or location, the clear floor or ground space shall comply with requirements to the extent practicable.

4.6.2 Operable Parts. Controls and operating mechanisms for

telescopes and periscopes that are usable from a seated posi-tion shall be within the reach ranges shown in the drawings in section 3.5.3 and must be operable with one hand without tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist, using a force of 5 pounds (22.2 Newtons) or less.

4.6.3 Eyepiece. The eyepiece for the telescope or periscope

that is usable from a seated position for viewing each point of interest shall be positioned 43 inches (1,090 millimeters) mini-mum and 51 inches (1,295 millimeters) maximum above the floor or ground surface, as shown in figure 28.

Figure 28—Requirements for viewing heights of telescopes and periscopes.

4.6.4 Clear Floor or Ground Space. The clear floor or ground

space for telescopes and periscopes shall be at least 36 inches (915 millimeters) by 48 inches (1,220 millimeters) positioned for forward approach to the telescope or periscope and be located adjacent to an ORAR. Knee and toe clearance comply-ing with ABAAS section 306 shall be provided under the tele-scope or periscope, as shown in figure 29. Clear floor or ground space shall be positioned so that the eyepiece of the telescope or periscope is centered on the space.

4.6.5 Slope. The slope of the clear floor or ground space

required by section 4.6.4 shall not exceed 1:48 (2 percent) in any direction.

Exception: When the surface is not paved or is not elevated above the natural ground, slopes not steeper than 1:33 (3 per-cent) shall be permitted where necessary for drainage.

4.6.6 Surface. The surface of the clear floor or ground space required by section 4.6.4 shall be firm and stable. The type of surface should be appropriate to the setting and level of devel-opment.

Figure 29—The requirements for knee and toe space at telescopes and periscopes.

4.6.7 Openings. Openings in the clear floor or ground space

surface shall not allow passage of a sphere more than ½-inch (13 millimeters) diameter. Elongated openings shall be placed so that the long dimension is perpendicular, or as close to per-pendicular as possible, to the main direction of travel.

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4.7 Utilities Including Water Hydrants at Recreation

Sites

4.7.1 General. All utilities required to be accessible shall be connected to an ORAR complying with section 2.0.

Exception: In alterations, where a condition for exception in section 1.1 prohibits full compliance with a specific require-ment for clear floor or ground space surface, slope, size, or location, the clear floor or ground space shall comply with requirements to the extent practicable.

4.7.2 Controls and Operating Mechanisms. Controls and

operating mechanisms shall be within the reach ranges shown in the drawings in section 3.5.3 and must be operable with one hand without tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist, using a force of 5 pounds (22.2 Newtons) or less.

Exception 1. Water hydrants and water utility hookups must comply with the reach range requirements but shall not be required to comply with the other operability requirements in section 4.7.2 until models that comply are readily available from more than one source.

Exception 2. Sewage hatches shall not be required to comply with section 4.7.2.

4.7.3 Slope. The slope of the clear floor or ground spaces required by section 4.0 shall not exceed 1:48 (2 percent) in any direction.

Exception: When the surface is not paved or is not elevated above the natural ground, slopes not steeper than 1:33 (3 per-cent) shall be permitted where necessary for drainage.

4.7.4 Surface. The surface of the clear floor or ground spaces required by section 4.0 shall be firm and stable. The type of sur-face should be appropriate to the setting and level of development.

4.7.5 Openings. Openings in the surface of the clear floor or ground spaces required by section 2.0 shall not allow passage of a sphere more than a ½-inch (13 millimeters) diameter.