32 11 23 AGGREGATE AND OR GRADED-CRUSHED AGGREGATE BASE COUR.doc

SECTION 32 11 23

AGGREGATE AND/OR GRADED-CRUSHED AGGREGATE BASE COURSE

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

1.1.1 The latest issue of the publications listed below and referenced to thereafter by basic designations only, forms a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only.

1.1.1.1 AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS (AASHTO)

a. AASHTO T 180 Moisture-Density Relations of Soils Using a 10-lb Rammer and an 18-in Drop

b. AASHTO T 224 Correction for Coarse Particles in the Soil Compaction Test

1.1.1.2 ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

a. ASTM C 117 Standard Test Method for Materials Finer than (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing

b. ASTM C 1260 Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method)

c. ASTM C 127 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate

d. ASTM C 128 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregate

e. ASTM C 131 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine

f. ASTM C 136 Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates

g. ASTM C 29/C 29M Standard Test Method for Bulk Density ("Unit Weight") and Voids in Aggregate

h. ASTM C 88 Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate

i. ASTM D 1556 Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sand-Cone Method

j. ASTM D 1557 Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort 56,000 ft-lbf/ft3

k. ASTM D 2167 Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Rubber Balloon Method

l. ASTM D 2487 Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)

m. ASTM D 422 Particle-Size Analysis of Soils

n. ASTM D 4318 Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils

o. ASTM D 6938 Standard Test Method for In-Place Density and Water Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)

p. ASTM D 75 Standard Practice for Sampling Aggregates

q. ASTM E 11 Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing Purposes

1.2 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 For the purposes of this specification, the following definitions apply.

1.2.2 Aggregate Base Course

1.2.2.1 Aggregate base course (ABC) shall be well graded, durable aggregate uniformly moistened and mechanically stabilized by compaction.

1.2.3 Graded-Crushed Aggregate Base Course

1.2.3.1 Graded-crushed aggregate (GCA) base course shall be well graded, crushed, durable aggregate uniformly moistened and mechanically stabilized by compaction. GCA is similar to ABC, but it has more stringent requirements and it produces a base course with higher strength and stability.

1.2.4 Degree of Compaction

1.2.4.1 Degree of compaction required, except as noted in the second sentence, shall be expressed as a percentage of the maximum laboratory dry density obtained by the test procedure presented in ASTM D 1557 abbreviated as a percent of laboratory maximum dry density. Since ASTM D 1557 applies only to soils that have 30 percent or less by weight of their particles retained on the 3/4 inch sieve, the degree of compaction for material having more than 30 percent by weight of their particles retained on the 3/4 inch sieve shall be expressed as a percentage of the laboratory maximum dry density in accordance with AASHTO T 180 Method D and corrected with AASHTO T 224.

1.3 UNIT PRICES

1.3.1 Measurement

1.3.1.1 Area

a. The quantity of ABC and GCA completed and accepted, as determined by the Contracting Officer, shall be measured in square yards.

1.3.1.2 Volume

a. The quantity of ABC and GCA completed and accepted, as determined by the Contracting Officer, shall be measured in cubic yards. The volume of material in-place and accepted shall be determined by the average job thickness obtained in accordance with paragraph THICKNESS CONTROL and the dimensions shown.

1.3.1.3 Weight

a. The tonnage of ABC and GCA material shall be the number of tons of aggregate, placed and accepted in the completed course plus the amount placed in authorized stockpiles, as determined by the Contracting Officer. Deductions shall be made for any material wasted, unused, rejected, or used for convenience of the Contractor, and for water exceeding specified amount at time of weighing.

1.3.2 Payment for Quantities

1.3.2.1 Quantities of ABC and GCA, determined as specified above, shall be paid for at the respective contract unit prices, which shall constitute full compensation for the construction and completion of the ABC and GCA.

1.3.3 Payment for Stabilization of Underlying Course

1.3.3.1 Stabilization of cohesionless subgrade or subbase courses, as specified in paragraph PREPARATION OF UNDERLYING COURSE, shall be paid for as a special item on a tonnage basis. This tonnage price shall include the price of extra manipulation as required.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

1.4.1 Government approval may be required on any of the following items. Items requiring submittals shall be listed on the AF Form 66. Copies of all submittals shall be provided per the requirements in Section 01 33 00, Submittal Procedures, or as listed on the AF Form 66.

1.4.1.1 SD-03 Product Data

a. Plant, Equipment, and Tools

(1) List of proposed equipment to be used in performance of construction work, including descriptive data.

b. Waybills and Delivery Tickets

(1) Copies of waybills and delivery tickets during the progress of the work.

1.4.1.2 SD-06 Test Reports

a. Sampling and Testing

b. Field Density Tests

(1) Certified copies of test results for approval not less than 30 days before material shall be required for the work.

(2) Calibration curves and related test results prior to using the device or equipment being calibrated.

(3) Copies of field test results within 24 hours after the tests are performed.

1.5 SAMPLING AND TESTING

1.5.1 Sampling and testing shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. Sampling and testing shall be performed by a testing laboratory approved in accordance with Section 01 45 01 CONTRACTOR QUALITY CONTROL FOR CONSTRUCTION. Work requiring testing shall not be permitted until the testing laboratory has been inspected and approved. The materials shall be tested to establish compliance with the specified requirements; testing shall be performed at the specified frequency. The Contracting Officer may specify the time and location of the tests. Copies of test results shall be furnished to the Contracting Officer within 24 hours of completion of the tests.

1.5.2 Sampling

1.5.2.1 Samples for laboratory testing shall be taken in conformance with ASTM D 75. When deemed necessary, the sampling shall be observed by the Contracting Officer.

1.5.3 Tests

1.5.3.1 The following tests shall be performed in conformance with the applicable standards listed.

a. Sieve Analysis

(1) Sieve analysis shall be made in conformance with ASTM C 117 and ASTM C 136. Sieves shall conform to ASTM E 11. Particle-size analysis of the soils shall also be completed in conformance with ASTM D 422.

b. Liquid Limit and Plasticity Index

(1) Liquid limit and plasticity index shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 4318.

c. Moisture-Density Determinations

(1) The laboratory maximum dry density and optimum moisture content shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 1557 and AASHTO T 180, Method D and corrected with AASHTO T 224.

d. Field Density Tests

(1) Density shall be field measured in accordance with ASTM D 1556, ASTM D 2167 or ASTM D 6938. For the method presented in ASTM D 1556 the base plate as shown in the drawing shall be used. For the method presented in ASTM D 6938 the calibration curves shall be checked and adjusted if necessary using only the sand cone method as described in paragraph Calibration, of the ASTM publication. Tests performed in accordance with ASTM D 6938 result in a wet unit weight of soil, and ASTM D 6938 shall be used to determine the moisture content of the soil. The calibration curves furnished with the moisture gauges shall also be checked along with density calibration checks as described in ASTM D 6938. The calibration checks of both the density and moisture gauges shall be made by the prepared containers of material method, as described in paragraph Calibration of ASTM D 6938, on each different type of material being tested at the beginning of a job and at intervals as directed.

e. Wear Test

(1) Wear tests shall be made on ABC and GCA course material in conformance with ASTM C 131.

f. Soundness

(1) Soundness tests shall be made on GCA in accordance with ASTM C 88.

g. Weight of Slag

(1) Weight per cubic foot of slag shall be determined in accordance with ASTM C 29/C 29M on the ABC and GCA course material.

1.5.4 Testing Frequency

1.5.4.1 Initial Tests

a. One of each of the following tests shall be performed on the proposed material prior to commencing construction to demonstrate that the proposed material meets all specified requirements when furnished. If materials from more than one source are going to be utilized, this testing shall be completed for each source.

(1) Sieve Analysis including the (No. 635) sieve.

(2) Liquid limit and plasticity index.

(3) Moisture-density relationship.

(4) Wear.

(5) Soundness.

(6) Weight per cubic foot of Slag.

1.5.4.2 In Place Tests

a. Each of the following tests shall be performed on samples taken from the placed and compacted ABC and GCA. Samples shall be taken and tested at the rates indicated. Sampling and testing of recycled concrete aggregate shall be performed at twice the specified frequency until the material uniformity has been established.

(1) Density tests shall be performed on every lift of material placed and at a frequency of one set of tests for every 250 square yards, or portion thereof, of completed area.

(2) Sieve Analysis including the (No. 635) sieve shall be performed on every lift of material placed and at a frequency of one sieve analysis for every 500 square yards, or portion thereof, of material placed.

(3) Liquid limit and plasticity index tests shall be performed at the same frequency as the sieve analysis.

(4) The total thickness of the base course shall be measured at intervals in such a manner as to ensure one measurement for each 500 square yards of base course. Measurements shall be made in 3 inch diameter test holes penetrating the base course.

1.5.5 Approval of Material

1.5.5.1 The source of the material shall be selected 30 days prior to the time the material shall be required in the work. Tentative approval of material shall be based on initial test results. Final approval of the materials shall be based on sieve analysis, liquid limit, and plasticity index tests performed on samples taken from the completed and fully compacted course(s).

1.6 WEATHER LIMITATIONS

1.6.1 Construction shall be done when the atmospheric temperature is above 35 degrees F. When the temperature falls below 35 degrees F, the Contractor shall protect all completed areas by approved methods against detrimental effects of freezing. Completed areas damaged by freezing, rainfall, or other weather conditions shall be corrected to meet specified requirements.

1.7 PLANT, EQUIPMENT, AND TOOLS

1.7.1 All plant, equipment, and tools used in the performance of the work shall be subject to approval before the work is started and shall be maintained in satisfactory working condition at all times. The equipment shall be adequate and shall have the capability of producing the required compaction, meeting grade controls, thickness control, and smoothness requirements as set forth herein.

1.8 WAYBILLS AND DELIVERY TICKETS

1.8.1 Before the final statement shall be allowed, the Contractor shall file certified waybills and certified delivery tickets for all aggregates actually used, as specified in the Submittals paragraph.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 AGGREGATES

2.1.1 The ABC and GCA shall consist of clean, sound, durable particles of crushed stone, crushed slag, crushed gravel, crushed recycled concrete, angular sand, or other approved material. ABC shall be free of lumps of clay, organic matter, and other objectionable materials or coatings. GCA shall be free of silt and clay as defined by ASTM D 2487, organic matter, and other objectionable materials or coatings. The portion retained on the No. 4 sieve shall be known as coarse aggregate; that portion passing the No. 4 sieve shall be known as fine aggregate.

2.1.2 Coarse Aggregate

2.1.2.1 Coarse aggregates shall be angular particles of uniform density. When the coarse aggregate shall be supplied from more than one source, aggregate from each source shall meet the specified requirements and shall be stockpiled separately.

a. Crushed Gravel: Crushed gravel shall be manufactured by crushing gravels, and shall meet all the requirements specified below.

b. Crushed Stone: Crushed stone shall consist of freshly mined quarry rock, and shall meet all the requirements specified below.

c. Crushed Recycled Concrete: Crushed recycled concrete shall consist of previously hardened portland cement concrete or other concrete containing pozzolanic binder material. The recycled material shall be free of all reinforcing steel, bituminous concrete surfacing, and any other foreign material and shall be crushed and processed to meet the required gradations for coarse aggregate. The recycled concrete aggregate shall have a percent of expansion not to exceed 0.08 percent, when tested in accordance with ASTM C 1260. Recycled concrete aggregate exceeding this value shall be rejected. Crushed recycled concrete shall meet all other applicable requirements specified below.

d. Crushed Slag: Crushed slag shall be an air-cooled blast-furnace product having an air dry unit weight of not less than 70 pcf as determined by ASTM C 29/C 29M, and shall meet all the requirements specified below.

2.1.2.2 Aggregate Base Course

a. ABC coarse aggregate shall not show more than 50 percent loss when subjected to the Los Angeles abrasion test in accordance with ASTM C 131. The amount of flat and elongated particles shall not exceed 30 percent. A flat particle shall have a ratio of width to thickness greater than 3; an elongated particle shall have a ratio of length to width greater than 3. In the portion retained on each sieve specified, the crushed aggregates shall contain at least 50 percent by weight of crushed pieces having two or more freshly fractured faces with the area of each face being at least equal to 75 percent of the smallest midsectional area of the piece. When two fractures are contiguous, the angle between planes of the fractures must be at least 30 degrees in order to count as two fractured faces. Crushed gravel shall be manufactured from gravel particles 50 percent of which, by weight, are retained on the maximum size sieve listed in TABLE 1.

2.1.2.3 Graded-Crushed Aggregate Base Course

a. GCA coarse aggregate shall not show more than 40 to 50 percent loss when subjected to the Los Angeles abrasion test in accordance with ASTM C 131. GCA coarse aggregate shall not exhibit a loss greater than 18 percent weighted average, at five cycles, when tested for soundness in magnesium sulfate, or 12 percent weighted average, at five cycles, when tested in sodium sulfate in accordance with ASTM C 88. The amount of flat and elongated particles shall not exceed 20 percent for the fraction retained on the 1/2 inch sieve nor 20 percent for the fraction passing the 1/2 inch sieve. A flat particle shall have a ratio of width to thickness greater than 3; an elongated particle shall have a ratio of length to width greater than 3. In the portion retained on each sieve specified, the crushed aggregate shall contain at least 90 percent by weight of crushed pieces having two or more freshly fractured faces with the area of each face being at least equal to 75 percent of the smallest midsectional area of the piece. When two fractures are contiguous, the angle between planes of the fractures must be at least 30 degrees in order to count as two fractured faces. Crushed gravel shall be manufactured from gravel particles 90 percent of which by weight are retained on the maximum size sieve listed in TABLE 1.

2.1.3 Fine Aggregate

2.1.3.1 Fine aggregates shall be angular particles of uniform density. When the fine aggregate is supplied from more than one source, aggregate from each source shall meet the specified requirements.

2.1.3.2 Aggregate Base Course

a. ABC fine aggregate shall consist of screenings, angular sand, crushed recycled concrete fines, or other finely divided mineral matter processed or naturally combined with the coarse aggregate.

2.1.3.3 Graded-Crushed Aggregate Base Course

a. GCA fine aggregate shall consist of angular particles produced by crushing stone, slag, recycled concrete, or gravel that meets the requirements for wear and soundness specified for GCA coarse aggregate. Fine aggregate shall be produced by crushing only particles larger than No. 4 sieve in size. The fine aggregate shall contain at least 90 percent by weight of particles having two or more freshly fractured faces in the portion passing the No. 4 sieve and retained on the No. 10 sieve, and in the portion passing the No. 10 sieve and retained on the No. 40 sieve. Fine aggregate shall be manufactured from gravel particles 95 percent of which by weight are retained on the 1/2 inch sieve.

2.1.4 Gradation Requirements

2.1.4.1 The specified gradation requirements shall apply to the completed base course. The aggregates shall be continuously well graded within the limits specified in TABLE 1. Sieves shall conform to ASTM E 11.

TABLE I. GRADATION OF AGGREGATES

Percentage by Weight Passing Square-Mesh Sieve

Sieve

Designation

No. 1

No. 2

No. 3

2 inch

1-1/2 inch

70-100

1 inch

45-80

60-100

1/2 inch

30-60

30-65

40-70

No. 4

20-50

No. 10

15-40

No. 40

5-25

No. 200

0-8

0-8

0-8

NOTE 1: Particles having diameters less than (No. 635) shall not be in excess of 3 percent by weight of the total sample tested.

NOTE 2: The values are based on aggregates of uniform specific gravity. If materials from different sources are used for the coarse and fine aggregates, they shall be tested in accordance with ASTM C 127 and ASTM C 128 to determine their specific gravities. If the specific gravities vary by more than 10 percent, the percentages passing the various sieves shall be corrected as directed by the Contracting Officer.

2.2 LIQUID LIMIT AND PLASTICITY INDEX

2.2.1 Liquid limit and plasticity index requirements shall apply to the completed course and shall also apply to any component that is blended to meet the required gradation. The portion of any component or of the completed course passing the No. 40 sieve shall be either nonplastic or have a liquid limit not greater than 25 and a plasticity index not greater than 5.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1.1 When the ABC or GCA is constructed in more than one layer, the previously constructed layer shall be cleaned of loose and foreign matter by sweeping with power sweepers or power brooms; except that hand brooms may be used in areas where power cleaning is not practicable. Adequate drainage shall be provided during the entire period of construction to prevent water from collecting or standing on the working area. Line and grade stakes shall be provided as necessary for control. Grade stakes shall be in lines parallel to the centerline of the area under construction and suitably spaced for string lining.

3.2 OPERATION OF AGGREGATE SOURCES

3.2.1 Clearing, stripping, and excavating shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. The aggregate sources shall be operated to produce the quantity and quality of materials meeting these specifications requirements in the specified time limit. Upon completion of the work, the aggregate sources on Government property shall be conditioned to drain readily and shall be left in a satisfactory condition. Aggregate sources on private lands shall be conditioned in agreement with local laws or authorities.

3.3 STOCKPILING MATERIAL

3.3.1 Prior to stockpiling of material, storage sites shall be cleared and leveled by the Contractor. All materials, including approved material available from excavation and grading, shall be stockpiled in the manner and at the locations designated. Aggregates shall be stockpiled on the cleared and leveled areas designated by the Contracting Officer to prevent segregation. Materials obtained from different sources shall be stockpiled separately.

3.4 PREPARATION OF UNDERLYING COURSE

3.4.1 Prior to constructing the base course(s), the underlying course or subgrade shall be cleaned of all foreign substances. At the time of construction of the base course(s), the underlying course shall contain no frozen material. The surface of the underlying course or subgrade shall meet specified compaction and surface tolerances. The underlying course shall conform to Section 31 00 00 EARTHWORK and Section 32 11 16 BASE COURSE FOR RIGID AND SUBBASE FOR FLEXIBLE PAVING. Ruts or soft yielding spots in the underlying courses, areas having inadequate compaction, and deviations of the surface from the requirements set forth herein shall be corrected by loosening and removing soft or unsatisfactory material and by adding approved material, reshaping to line and grade, and recompacting to specified density requirements. For cohesionless underlying courses containing sands or gravels, as defined in ASTM D 2487, the surface shall be stabilized prior to placement of the base course(s). Stabilization shall be accomplished by mixing ABC or GCA into the underlying course and compacting by approved methods. The stabilized material shall be considered as part of the underlying course and shall meet all requirements of the underlying course. The finished underlying course shall not be disturbed by traffic or other operations and shall be maintained by the Contractor in a satisfactory condition until the base course is placed.

3.5 INSTALLATION

3.5.1 Mixing the Materials

3.5.1.1 The coarse and fine aggregates shall be mixed in a stationary plant, or in a traveling plant or bucket loader on an approved paved working area. The Contractor shall make adjustments in mixing procedures or in equipment as directed to obtain true grades, to minimize segregation or degradation, to obtain the required water content, and to insure a satisfactory base course meeting all requirements of this specification. Adjustments to the JMF shall be limited to plus or minus 5 percent on the 1-1/2 inch and coarser sieves; plus or minus 8 percent on the 1 inch to No. 4 sieves; plus or minus 5 percent on the No. 30 sieve, and plus or minus 3 percent on the No. 200 sieve. Tolerances given above may permit the aggregate grading to be outside the limits shown in Table 2; this shall be acceptable.

3.5.2 Placing

3.5.2.1 The mixed material shall be placed on the prepared subgrade or subbase in layers of uniform thickness with an approved spreader. When a compacted layer 6 inches or less in thickness may be required, the material shall be placed in a single layer. When a compacted layer in excess of 6 inches may be required, the material shall be placed in layers of equal thickness. No layer shall be thicker than 6 inches or thinner than 3 inches when compacted. The layers shall be so placed that when compacted they shall be true to the grades or levels required with the least possible surface disturbance. Where the base course has been placed in more than one layer, the previously constructed layers shall be cleaned of loose and foreign matter by sweeping with power sweepers, power brooms, or hand brooms, as directed. Such adjustments in placing procedures or equipment shall be made as may be directed to obtain true grades, to minimize segregation and degradation, to adjust the water content, and to insure an acceptable base course.

3.5.3 Grade Control

3.5.3.1 The finished and completed base course shall conform to the lines, grades, and cross sections shown. Underlying material(s) shall be excavated and prepared at sufficient depth for the required base course thickness so that the finished base course and the subsequent surface course shall meet the designated grades.

3.5.4 Edges of Base Course

3.5.4.1 The base course(s) shall be placed so that the completed section shall be a minimum of 2 feet wider, on all sides, than the next layer that shall be placed above it. Additionally, approved fill material shall be placed along the outer edges of the base course in sufficient quantities to compact to the thickness of the course being constructed, or to the thickness of each layer in a multiple layer course, allowing in each operation at least a 2 foot width of this material to be rolled and compacted simultaneously with rolling and compacting of each layer of base course. If this base course material is to be placed adjacent to another pavement section, then the layers for both of these sections shall be placed and compacted along this edge at the same time.

3.5.5 Compaction

3.5.5.1 Each layer of the base course shall be compacted as specified with approved compaction equipment. Water content shall be maintained during the compaction procedure to within plus or minus 2 percent of the optimum water content determined from laboratory tests as specified in paragraph SAMPLING AND TESTING. Rolling shall begin at the outside edge of the surface and proceed to the center, overlapping on successive trips at least one-half the width of the roller. Alternate trips of the roller shall be slightly different lengths. Speed of the roller shall be such that displacement of the aggregate does not occur. In all places not accessible to the rollers, the mixture shall be compacted with hand-operated power tampers. Compaction shall continue until each layer has a degree of compaction that is at least 100 percent of laboratory maximum density through the full depth of the layer. The Contractor shall make such adjustments in compacting or finishing procedures as may be directed to obtain true grades, to minimize segregation and degradation, to reduce or increase water content, and to ensure a satisfactory base course. Any materials that are found to be unsatisfactory shall be removed and replaced with satisfactory material or reworked, as directed, to meet the requirements of this specification.

3.5.6 Thickness

3.5.6.1 Compacted thickness of the base course shall be as indicated. No individual layer shall be thicker than 6 inches nor be thinner than 3 inches in compacted thickness. The total compacted thickness of the base course(s) shall be within 1/2 inch of the thickness indicated. Where the measured thickness is more than 1/2 inch deficient, such areas shall be corrected by scarifying, adding new material of proper gradation, reblading, and recompacting as directed. Where the measured thickness is more than 1/2 inch thicker than indicated, the course shall be considered as conforming to the specified thickness requirements. Average job thickness shall be the average of all thickness measurements taken for the job, but shall be within 1/4 inch of the thickness indicated. The total thickness of the base course shall be measured at intervals in such a manner as to ensure one measurement for each 500 square yards of base course. Measurements shall be made in 3 inch diameter test holes penetrating the base course.

3.5.7 Proof Rolling

3.5.7.1 Proof rolling of the areas indicated shall be in addition to the compaction specified and shall consist of the application of 4-8 coverages with a heavy pneumatic-tired roller having four or more tires, each loaded to a minimum of 30,000 pounds and inflated to a minimum of 125 psi. In areas designated, proof rolling shall be applied to the top of the underlying material on which the base course is laid and to each layer of base course top of the completed ABC and GCA course. Water content of the underlying material shall be maintained at optimum or at the percentage directed from start of compaction to completion of proof rolling of that layer. Water content of each layer of the base course shall be maintained at the optimum percentage directed from start of compaction to completion of proof rolling. Any base course materials or any underlying materials that produce unsatisfactory results by proof rolling shall be removed and replaced with satisfactory materials, recompacted and proof rolled to meet these specifications.

3.5.8 Finishing

3.5.8.1 The surface of the top layer of base course shall be finished after final compaction and proof rolling by cutting any overbuild to grade and rolling with a steel-wheeled roller. Thin layers of material shall not be added to the top layer of base course to meet grade. If the elevation of the top layer of base course is 1/2 inch or more below grade, then the top layer should be scarified to a depth of at least 3 inches and new material shall be blended in and compacted, compacted and proof rolled to bring to grade. Adjustments to rolling and finishing procedures shall be made as directed to minimize segregation and degradation, obtain grades, maintain moisture content, and insure an acceptable base course. Should the surface become rough, corrugated, uneven in texture, or traffic marked prior to completion, the unsatisfactory portion shall be scarified, reworked and recompacted or it shall be replaced as directed.

3.5.9 Smoothness

3.5.9.1 The surface of the top layer shall show no deviations in excess of 3/8 inch when tested with a 12 foot straightedge. Measurements shall be taken in successive positions parallel to the centerline of the area to be paved. Measurements shall also be taken perpendicular to the centerline at 50 foot intervals. Deviations exceeding this amount shall be corrected by removing material and replacing with new material, or by reworking existing material and compacting it to meet these specifications.

3.6 TRAFFIC

3.6.1 Traffic shall not be allowed on the completed base course. Completed portions of the base course may be opened to limited traffic, provided there is no marring or distorting of the surface by the traffic. Heavy equipment shall not be permitted except when necessary to construction, and then the area shall be protected against marring or damage to the completed work.

3.7 MAINTENANCE

3.7.1 The base course shall be maintained in a satisfactory condition until the full pavement section has been completed and accepted. Maintenance shall include immediate repairs to any defects and shall be repeated as often as necessary to keep the area intact. Any base course that has not been paved over prior to the onset of winter shall be retested to verify that it still complies with the requirements of this specification. Any area of base course that has been damaged shall be reworked or replaced as necessary to comply with this specification.

3.8 DISPOSAL OF UNSATISFACTORY MATERIALS

3.8.1 Any unsuitable materials that must be removed shall be disposed of outside the limits of Government-controlled land or as directed in waste disposal areas indicated. No additional payments shall be made for materials that must be replaced.

END OF SECTION 32 11 23

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32 11 23-1 03/16/10