27 21 10.00 10 FIBER OPTIC DATA TRANSMISSION SYSTEM.doc

USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-26 08 00 (April 2006) Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Replacing without change UFGS-16081N (August 2004)

UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS

References are in agreement with UMRL dated October 2007 Latest change indicated by CHG tags.

SECTION 27 21 10.00 10

FIBER OPTIC DATA TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

1.1.1 The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by the basic designation only. Unless other wise noted, the latest published version and/or revision shall be used.

1.1.1.1 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS ASSOCIATION (CEA)

a. CEA 170 Electrical Performance Standards - Monochrome Television Studio Facilities

b. CEA-310-E Racks, Panels, and Associated Equipment

1.1.1.2 ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ALLIANCE (EIA)

a. EIA/TIA-455-170 FOTP-170 Cable Cutoff Wavelength of Single-Mode Fiber by Transmitted Power

b. EIA/TIA-455-30B FOTP-30 Frequency Domain Measurement of Multimode Optical Fiber Information Transmission Capacity

1.1.1.3 INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS (IEEE)

a. IEEE C2 National Electrical Safety Code

b. IEEE C62.41.1 IEEE Guide on the Surges Environment in Low-voltage (1000V and Less) AC Power Circuits

c. IEEE C62.41.2 IEEE Recommended Practice on Characterization of Surges in Low-voltage (1000V and Less) AC Power Circuits

1.1.1.4 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NEMA)

a. NEMA 250 Enclosures for Electrical Equipment (1000 Volts Maximum)

1.1.1.5 NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)

a. NFPA 70 National Electrical Code

1.1.1.6 TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION (TIA)

a. TIA-232-F Interface Between Data Terminal Equipment and Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment Employing Serial Binary Data Interchange

b. TIA-455-104-A Standard for FOTP-104 Fiber Optic Cable Cyclic Flexing Test

c. TIA-455-13-A FOTP-13 Visual and Mechanical Inspection of Fiber Optic Components, Devices, and Assemblies

d. TIA-455-177-B FOTP-177 IEC-60793-1-43 Optical Fibres - Part 1-43: Measurement Methods and Test Procedures - Numerical Aperture

e. TIA-455-46A FOTP-46 Spectral Attenuation Measurement for Long-Length, Graded-Index Optical Fibers

f. TIA-455-47B FOTP-47 Output Far Field Radiation Pattern Measurement

g. TIA-455-58-B FOTP-58 Core Diameter Measurement of Graded-Index Optical Fibers

h. TIA-455-78-B FOTP-78 Optical Fibres - Part 1-40: Measurement Methods and Test Procedures – Attenuation

i. TIA-455-82B FOTP-82 Fluid Penetration Test for Fluid-Blocked Fiber Optic Cable

j. TIA-455-91 FOTP-91 Fiber Optic Cable Twist-Bend Test

k. TIA-485-A Electrical Characteristics of Generators and Receivers for Use in Balanced Digital Multipoint System

l. TIA/EIA-455-171-A FOTP-171 Attenuation by Substitution Measurement for Short-Length Multimode Graded-Index and Single-Mode Optical Fiber Cable Assemblies

m. TIA/EIA-455-25C FOTP-25 Impact Testing of Optical Fiber Cables

n. TIA/EIA-455-41A FOTP-41 Compressive Loading Resistance of Fiber Optic Cables

o. TIA/EIA-455-81B FOTP-81 Compound Flow (Drip) Test for Filled Fiber Optic Cable

p. TIA/EIA-455-88 FOTP-88 Fiber Optic Cable Bend Test

q. TIA/EIA-606-A Administration Standard for the Telecommunications Infrastructure

1.1.1.7 U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)

a. 47 CFR 15 Radio Frequency Devices

1.1.1.8 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES (UL)

a. UL 1666 Test for Flame Propagation Height of Electrical and Optical-Fiber Cables Installed Vertically in Shafts

1.2 SUBMITTALS

1.2.1 Government approval may be required on any of the following items. Items requiring submittals will be listed on the AF Form 66. Provide copies of all submittals per the requirements in Section 01 33 00, Submittal Procedures, or as listed on the AF Form 66.

1.2.1.1 SD-02 Shop Drawings

a. Fiber Optic System

b. Installation

(1) Detail drawings including a complete list of equipment and material, including manufacturer's descriptive and technical literature, performance charts and curves, catalog cuts, and installation instructions. Detail drawings shall contain complete cabling, wiring and schematic diagrams and any other details required to demonstrate that the system has been coordinated and will properly function with its associated subsystems as well as other systems. Drawings shall show proposed layout and anchorage of equipment and appurtenances, and equipment relationship to other parts of the work including clearance for maintenance and operations. System drawings shall show proposed configuration, including location, type and termination of both interior and exterior fiber optics and showing the location, duct and innerduct arrangement, and fiber assignment. The ac power consumption and heat dissipation shall be shown under both normal and maximum operating conditions.

1.2.1.2 SD-03 Product Data

a. Fiber Optic System

(1) Equipment calculations for flux budgets and gain margins.

b. Spare Parts

(1) Data lists of spare parts, tools, and test equipment, as specified.

c. Manufacturer's Instructions

(1) Where installation procedures, or any part thereof, are required to be in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the material being installed, printed copies of these recommendations shall be submitted prior to installation. Installation of the item will not be allowed to proceed until the recommendations are received and approved.

d. Test Procedures and Reports

(1) Test plans shall define test procedures and tests required to ensure that the system meets technical, operational, and performance specifications. The test plans shall define milestones for the tests, equipment, personnel, facilities, and supplies required. The test plans shall identify the capabilities and functions to be tested.

1.2.1.3 SD-06 Test Reports

a. Test Procedures and Reports

(1) Test reports, in booklet form showing field test procedures and field tests performed to adjust each component and field tests performed to prove compliance with the specified performance criteria, upon completion and testing of the installed system.

1.2.1.4 SD-07 Certificates

a. Fiber Optic System

(1) Manufacturer's certificate indicating compliance with transmission and reliability requirements. Where equipment or materials are specified to conform to the standards or publications and requirements of CFR, ANSI,IEEE, NEMA, NFPA, EIA, or UL, certificates attesting that the items furnished under this section of the specification conform to the specified requirements.

1.2.1.5 SD-10 Operation and Maintenance Data

a. System Maintenance Course

(1) Copies of operating instructions outlining the step-by-step procedures required for system operation including description of each subsystem in its operating mode. Instructions shall include the manufacturer's name, service manual, parts list, and a brief description of equipment, components, and their basic operating features. Copies of the maintenance instructions listing regular maintenance procedures, possible system failures, a troubleshooting guide for repairs, and simplified diagrams for the system as installed. A video describing operating and maintenance instructions may be included.

1.3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

1.3.1 General

1.3.1.1 A fiber optics (FO) data transmission system (DTS) shall be provided. The data transmission system shall consist of fiber optic transmission media, transmitter and receiver modules, modems, transceiver modules, repeaters, cable and power line surge protection, terminal devices (such as connectors, patch panels and breakout boxes) and power supplies for operating active components. The data transmission system shall interconnect system components as shown. Computing devices, as defined in 47 CFR 15, shall be certified to comply with the requirements for Class A computing devices and labeled as set forth in 47 CFR 15.

1.3.1.2 The information provided in this specification shall be used in conjunction with site specific requirements as dictated by the specific base/post. Where conflicts occur, the site specific requirements as defined by the base/post shall take precedence.

1.3.2 Environmental Requirements

1.3.2.1 Equipment and cable to be utilized indoors shall be rated for continuous operation under ambient environmental conditions of 32 to 122 degrees F dry bulb and 10 to 95 percent relative humidity, non-condensing. Equipment and cables to be used outdoors shall be rated for continuous operation under ambient environmental conditions of minus 40 to plus 166 humidity of up to 100 percent condensing or as normally encountered for the installed location. All equipment and cable shall be rated for continuous operation under the ambient environmental temperature, pressure, humidity, and vibration conditions specified or normally encountered for the installed location. Cables installed in ducts, plenums, and other air-handling spaces shall be installed per NFPA 70. Cables installed in plenums shall be plenum-rated cables listed for the use. Cables installed in risers shall be riser-rated cables listed for the use, unless the installed cable is identified as a permitted substitution for the required riser-rated cable type.

1.3.3 Hazardous Environment

1.3.3.1 System components and wiring located in areas where fire or explosion hazards may exist because of flammable gases or vapors, flammable liquids, combustible dust, or ignitable fibers or flyings shall be rated for Classes, Divisions, Groups and suitable for the operating temperatures and shall be installed according to Chapter 5 of NFPA 70 and as shown.

1.3.4 Electrical Requirements

1.3.4.1 The equipment shall operate from a voltage source as shown, plus or minus 10 percent, and 60 Hz, plus or minus 2 percent.

1.3.5 Input Line Surge Protection

1.3.5.1 Inputs and outputs shall be protected against surges induced on wiring and cables including wiring and cables installed outdoors. Surge protection devices shall be selected based on voltages and current ratings of components to be protected. Communications equipment shall be protected against surges induced on any communications circuit. Cables and conductors (except non-conductive fiber optic cables which serve as communications circuits from consoles to field equipment and between field equipment), shall have surge protection circuits installed at each end. Protection shall be furnished at equipment, and additional triple electrode gas surge protectors rated for the application on each conductive wire line and coaxial circuit shall be installed within 3 feet of the building cable entrance. Surge protection devices shall be selected based on voltages and current ratings of components to be protected. Fuses shall not be used for surge protection. The inputs and outputs shall be tested in both normal mode and common mode using the following two waveforms:

a. A 10 microsecond rise time by 1000 microsecond pulse width waveform with a peak voltage of 1500 volts and a peak current of 60 amperes.

b. An 8 microsecond rise time by 20 microsecond pulse width waveform with a peak voltage of 1000 volts and a peak current of 500 amperes.

1.3.6 Power Line Surge Protection

1.3.6.1 Equipment connected to AC circuits shall be protected from power line surges. Surge protection devices shall be selected based on voltages and current ratings of components to be protected. Equipment shall meet the requirements of IEEE C62.41.1 and IEEE C62.41.2. Fuses shall not be used for surge protection.

1.3.7 Spare Parts

1.3.7.1 The Contractor shall submit spare parts data for each different item of material and equipment specified and furnished, after approval of detail drawings not later than 2 months prior to the date of beneficial occupancy. The data shall include a list of parts and supplies, with current unit prices and source of supply, and a list of the parts recommended by the manufacturer to be replaced after 1 year of service.

1.4 DELIVERY OF TECHNICAL DATA

1.4.1 Computer software and technical data (including technical data which relates to computer software), which are specifically identified in this specification shall be delivered strictly in accordance with the CONTRACT CLAUSES, SPECIAL CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS, and in accordance with the Contract Data Requirements List (CDRL), DD Form 1423, which is attached to and thereby made a part of this contract. All data delivered shall be identified by reference to the particular specification paragraph against which it is furnished. If the DTS is being installed in conjunction with another system such as an intrusion detection system, electronic SECURITY system, closed circuit television system, or utility monitoring and control system, the Technical Data Packages shall be submitted as part of the other system submittals. Hard copies and electronic copies (CD-ROM or DVD-R) of the Technical Data Package(s) shall be submitted.

1.4.1.1 Group I Technical Data Package

a. System Drawings

(1) The package shall include the following:

(a) Communications system block diagram.

(b) FO receivers, transmitters, transceivers, multiplexers, and FO modem installation, block diagrams, and wiring and cabling diagrams.

(c) FO receivers, transmitters, transceivers, multiplexers, and FO modem physical layout and schematics.

(d) Details of interfaces with other systems.

(e) Details of connections to power sources, including grounding.

(f) Details of surge protection device installations.

(g) Details of cable splicing and connector installations.

(h) Details of aerial cable and messenger installation on poles, cable entrance to buildings, and termination inside enclosures.

(i) Details of underground cable and duct installation, cable entrance into buildings, and terminations inside enclosures.

(2) Drawings shall show proposed layout and anchorage of equipment and appurtenances, and equipment relationship to other parts of the work including clearance for maintenance and operations. System drawings shall show proposed configuration, including location, type and termination of both interior and exterior fiber optics and showing the location, duct and innerduct arrangement, and fiber assignment. The ac power consumption and heat dissipation shall be shown under both normal and maximum operating conditions.

1.4.1.2 Equipment Data

a. A complete data package shall be delivered for all material, including field and system equipment.

1.4.1.3 Data Transmission System Description and Analyses

a. The data package shall include complete system description, and analyses and calculations used in sizing equipment required by these specifications. Descriptions and calculations shall show how the equipment will operate as a system to meet the specified performance. The data package shall include the following:

(1) FO receivers, transmitters, transceivers, multiplexers, FO modem transmit and receive levels, and losses in decibels (dB) on each communication link.

(2) Digital transmitter and receiver communication speed and protocol description.

(3) Analog signal transmission method and bandwidth of the transmitter and receiver.

(4) Data transmission system expansion capability and method of implementation.

(5) FO system signal-to-noise ratio calculation for each communication link.

(6) Flux-budget and gain margin calculation for each communication link.

1.4.1.4 System Overall Reliability Calculations

a. The data package shall include manufacturers' reliability data and calculations required to show compliance with the specified reliability.

1.4.1.5 Certifications

a. Specified manufacturers' certifications shall be included with the data package.

1.4.1.6 Key Control Plan

1.4.2 Group II Technical Data Package

1.4.2.1 The Contractor shall verify that site conditions are in agreement with the design package. The Contractor shall submit a report to the Government documenting changes to the site, or differing conditions that affect performance of the system to be installed. For those changes or conditions which affect system installation or performance, specification sheets shall be provided (with the report), or written functional requirements to support the findings, and a cost estimate to correct the deficiency shall be provided with the report. The Contractor shall not correct any deficiency without written permission from the Government.

1.4.3 Group III Technical Data Package

1.4.3.1 The Contractor shall prepare test procedures and reports for the factory test. A test plan and test procedures shall be prepared in accordance with this specification. The test procedures shall describe the applicable tests to be performed, and other pertinent information such as specialized test equipment required, length of test, and location of the test. The procedures shall explain in detail, step-by-step actions and expected results to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this specification, and the methods for simulating the necessary conditions of operation to demonstrate performance of the system. The test report shall describe the results of testing to include the date, time, location and system component designations of material and equipment tested. Testing action shall be recorded whether successful or not. Reasons for termination of testing shall be described. Testing work sheets, printouts, strip charts, oscilloscope or optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) printouts/photographs, raw and analyzed data, and testing conclusions shall be included in the report. The Contractor shall deliver the factory test procedures to the Government for approval. After receipt by the Contractor of written approval of the test procedures, the Contractor may schedule the factory test. The Contractor shall provide written notice of the test to the Government at least 2 weeks prior to the scheduled start. The final test report shall be delivered within 15 days after completion of the test.

1.4.4 Group IV Technical Data Package

1.4.4.1 Performance Verification and Endurance Testing Data

a. The Contractor shall prepare procedures and reports for the performance verification test and endurance test. Test procedures shall be prepared in accordance with this specification. Testing shall be performed on an installed system as approved by the Government. Where required and approved by the Government, the Contractor shall simulate conditions of operation to demonstrate the performance of the system. The test plan shall describe the applicable tests to be performed, other pertinent information such as specialized test equipment required, length of performance verification test and endurance test, and location of the performance verification test and endurance test. The procedures shall explain in detail, step-by-step actions and expected results to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this specification, and the methods for simulating the necessary conditions of operation to demonstrate performance of the system. The test report shall describe the results of testing to include the date, time, location and system component designations of material and equipment tested. Testing action shall be recorded whether successful or not. Reasons for termination of testing for any reason shall be recorded in the report. Testing work sheets, printouts, strip charts, oscilloscope or OTDR printouts/photographs, raw data, analyzed data and testing conclusions shall be included in the report. The Contractor shall deliver the performance verification test and endurance test procedures to the Government for review and approval. After receipt of written approval of test procedures, the Contractor may schedule the performance verification and endurance tests. The Contractor shall provide written notice of the performance verification test and the endurance test to the Government at least 2 weeks prior to the scheduled start of the test. The final performance verification test and endurance test report shall be delivered 30 days after completion of testing.

1.4.4.2 Operation and Maintenance Data

a. A draft copy of the operation and maintenance data, in manual format, as specified for the Group V technical data package, shall be delivered to the Government prior to beginning the performance verification test for use during site testing.

1.4.4.3 Training Data

a. Lesson plans and training manuals, including type of training to be provided, with a list of reference material shall be delivered for approval by the Government prior to starting any training.

1.4.5 Group V Technical Data Package

1.4.5.1 The Group V package consists of the operation and maintenance data, in manual format. Final copies of the manuals bound in hardback, loose-leaf binders, shall be delivered to the Government within 30 days after completing the endurance test. The draft copy used during site testing shall be updated with any changes required prior to final delivery of the manuals. Each manual's contents shall be identified on the cover. The manuals shall include the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of each subcontractor installing equipment and systems, and of the nearest service representative for each item of equipment and each system. The manuals shall have a table of contents and tab sheets. Tab sheets shall be placed at the beginning of each chapter or section and at the beginning of each appendix. The final copies delivered after completion of the endurance test shall include all modifications made during installation, checkout, and acceptance. Manuals delivered shall include:

a. Functional Design Manual

b. Hardware Manual.

c. Maintenance Manuals.

d. Operator's Manual.

1.4.5.2 Functional Design Manual

a. The functional design manual shall identify the operational requirements for the data transmission system and explain the theory of operation, design philosophy, and specific functions. A description of hardware functions, interfaces, and requirements shall be included for all system operating modes.

1.4.5.3 Hardware Manual

a. A manual describing all equipment and devices specified and under Part 2 PRODUCTS shall be furnished. The following information shall be included:

(1) General description and specifications.

(2) Installation and checkout procedures.

(3) Equipment electrical schematics and layout drawings.

(4) Data transmission systems schematics.

(5) Alignment and calibration procedures.

(6) Manufacturer's repair parts list indicating sources of supply.

(7) Interface definition.

1.4.5.4 Maintenance Manual

a. The maintenance manual shall include descriptions of maintenance for all equipment including inspection, periodic preventative maintenance, fault diagnosis, and repair or replacement of defective components.

1.4.5.5 Operator's Manual

a. The operator's manual shall fully explain procedures and instructions for operation of the system. This shall include an operator's manual for any fiber optic systems in which system operators control any function of the system.

1.4.6 Group VI Technical Data Package

1.4.6.1 The Group VI Technical Data Package shall consist of the as-built drawings revised to include system revisions and modifications. Copies of the updated as-built drawings shall be delivered to the Government following approval of the PVT and endurance test.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 FO MODEMS

FO modems shall be selected to meet FO system requirements. The modems shall allow full duplex, asynchronous, point-to-point digital communication for the system being installed.

2.1.1 FO Modem Operating Wavelength

2.1.1.1 The operating wavelength shall be centered on 850, 1300, 1550 nanometers (nm) as applicable.

2.1.2 FO Modem Inputs and Outputs

2.1.2.1 FO modems shall accept inputs and provide outputs compatible with TIA-232-F, TIA-485-A, 20 mA current loop, T1 or 10 Base-F as indicated/required. Digital data rates through each link shall be 1.54 MBPS or as indicated.

2.2 FO TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER MODULES

FO transmitter/receiver pairs shall have signal-to-noise power ratio of 40 dB or better after photo detection at the receiver. Transmitter power output and receiver sensitivity shall not drift more than plus or minus 2 dB over their operational life.

2.2.1 Analog FO Transmitter and Receiver Modules

2.2.1.1 FO transmitter/receiver pairs used to pass analog video signals shall accept inputs and provide outputs that comply with CEA 170 and shall have a bandwidth of 6 MHz or greater.

2.2.2 Digital FO Transmitter and Receiver Modules

2.2.2.1 FO transmitter/receiver pairs used to pass digital signals shall accept inputs and provide outputs compatible with TIA-232-F, TIA-485-A, 20 mA current loop, T1, or 10 Base-F as indicated/required. Digital data rates through each link shall be 1.54 MBPS or as indicated. FO transmitter and receiver modules shall be housed [in field equipment enclosures where possible or as shown. FO transmitter and receiver modules shall be compatible with each other, the FO cable, and connectors.

2.2.3 FO Transmitter Module

2.2.3.1 The FO transmitter module shall accept electronic signals and shall modulate a light source. The light source shall be coupled into an FO cable. The operating wavelength shall be centered on 850, 1300, or 1550 nanometers as applicable.

2.2.4 FO Receiver Module

2.2.4.1 The FO receiver module shall receive light from the FO cable and shall convert this light into an electronic signal identical to the electronic signal applied to the FO transmitter module. The operating wavelength shall be the same as the transmitter.

2.3 FO DIGITAL REPEATERS

2.3.1 FO digital repeaters shall be used to extend the range of the FO data transmission system when necessary to meet the requirements of paragraph SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS. For simplex circuits, the repeater shall consist of an FO receiver connected to an FO transmitter. For Duplex circuits, the repeater shall consist of a pair of FO receivers that are connected to a pair of FO transmitters. The FO receivers shall receive the optical signal and drive the transmitters. The transmitters shall regenerate the optical signal at the transmission rate specified. The FO repeater shall be mechanically and optically compatible with the remainder of the FO system.

2.4 FO ANALOG REPEATERS

2.4.1 FO analog repeaters shall be used to extend the range of the FO data transmission system when necessary to meet the requirements of the paragraph SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS. For simplex circuits, the repeater shall consist of an FO receiver connected to an FO transmitter. For duplex circuits, the repeater shall consist of a pair of FO receivers that are connected to a pair of FO transmitters. The FO receivers shall receive the optical signal and drive the transmitters. The transmitters shall regenerate the optical signal in compliance with CEA 170. The FO repeater shall be mechanically and optically compatible with the remainder of the FO system.

2.5 TRANSCEIVERS FOR VIDEO APPLICATIONS

2.5.1 FO Transceivers shall allow bi-directional signal transmission on a single fiber. The operating wavelength in one direction shall be 1300/850 nonometers, while in the opposite direction it shall be 850/1300 nanometers. Crosstalk attenuation between channels shall be 40 dB or greater. FO transceivers shall be selected to match or exceed the highest data rate of attached input devices. The FO transceiver shall be mechanically and optically compatible with the remainder of the FO system.

2.6 TRANSCEIVERS FOR LAN APPLICATIONS

2.6.1 Transceivers for FO LAN applications shall be active units, compatible with the LAN cards, modems and repeaters used in the system. Indicators provided shall be for power, collision detection, receive, transmit, and status. Power for transceivers shall be derived from the Attachment Unit Interface (AUI) port of LAN equipment or from a dedicated power supply. Transceiver loss characteristics shall be less than 1.0 db. Connectors shall be low loss and compatible with LAN equipment. Circuitry shall be included so when a device is disconnected, other devices on the LAN continue to operate without any disruption.

2.7 FO SWITCHES

2.7.1 FO switches shall be single pole, double throw. Switching speed shall be less than 15 milliseconds. Insertion loss shall be less than 1.5 dB. Crosstalk attenuation between FO outputs shall be 40 dB or greater. FO switches shall be latching or nonlatching as shown.

2.8 FO SPLITTER/COMBINER

2.8.1 FO splitter/combiner units shall provide full-duplex communications in a multi-point configuration. Each unit shall have one input port module and up to four output port modules. FO splitter/combiner units shall be mechanically and optically compatible with the remainder of the FO system. The splitter/combiner shall allow a mixed configuration of port module operating wavelengths and single-mode or multimode FO cables. Each port module shall have a separate FO cable input and output. Port modules shall be connected using an electronic data bus. Port module FO transmitters shall regenerate the optical signal at the transmission rate specified. Port modules shall be rack-mounted in a (19 inch) rack complying with CEA-310-E. The total propagation delay through the splitter/combiner shall be less than 100 nanoseconds.

2.9 FIBER OPTIC DIGITAL REPEATERS (FODR)

2.9.1 FODRs shall combine the features specified for Fiber Optic Digital Repeaters and Local Area Network (LAN) transceivers. FODRs shall regenerate the optical signal at the transmission rate specified. The FODRs shall be mechanically and optically compatible with the remainder of the Fiber Optic System. FODRs shall restore the optical signals amplitude, timing and waveform. The FODR shall provide an electrical interface to the transmission media. The electrical interface shall be identical to all other network interfaces as specified.

2.10 DATA TRANSMISSION CONVERTER

2.10.1 Data transmission converters shall be used to connect equipment using TIA-485-A data transmission when necessary and as shown. Converters shall operate full duplex and support two wire circuits at speeds up to 2 megabytes per second and have a built in 120 Ohm terminating resistor. Converters shall be mechanically, electrically, and optically compatible with the system.

2.11 ENCLOSURES

2.11.1 Enclosures shall conform to the requirements of NEMA 250 for the types specified. Finish color shall be the manufacturer's standard, unless otherwise indicated. Damaged surfaces shall be repaired and refinished using original type finish.

2.11.1.1 Interior

a. Enclosures installed indoors shall meet the requirements of NEMA 250 Type 12 or as shown.

2.11.1.2 Exterior

a. Enclosures installed outdoors shall meet the requirements of NEMA 250 Type 4 unless otherwise specified or shown.

2.11.1.3 Corrosive Environment

a. Enclosures in a corrosive environment shall meet the requirements of NEMA 250, Type 4X.

2.11.1.4 Hazardous Environment

a. Enclosures in a hazardous environment shall be installed and shall meet the requirements as specified in paragraph ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS.

2.12 TAMPER AND PHYSICAL PROTECTION PROVISIONS

2.12.1 Enclosures and fittings of every description having hinged doors or removable covers that contain the FO circuits, connections, splices, or power supplies, shall be provided with cover-operated, corrosion-resistant tamper switches, arranged to initiate an alarm signal when the door or cover is moved. Tamper switches shall be mechanically mounted to maximize the defeat time when enclosure covers are opened or removed. The enclosure and the tamper switch shall function together to not allow direct line of sight to any internal components and tampering with the switch or the circuits before the switch activates. Tamper switches shall be inaccessible until the switch is activated; have mounting hardware concealed so that the location of the switch cannot be observed from the exterior of the enclosure; be connected to circuits which are under electrical supervision at all times, irrespective of the protection mode in which the circuit is operating; shall be spring-loaded and held in the closed position by the door cover; and shall be wired so that they break the circuit when the door or cover is disturbed. Tamper switches located in enclosures which must be opened to make routine maintenance adjustments to the system and to service the power supplies shall be push/pull-set, automatic reset type.

2.12.1.1 Enclosure Covers

a. Covers of pull and junction boxes provided to facilitate installation of the system need not be provided with tamper switches if they contain no splices, connections or power supplies, but shall be protected by security screws, tack welding or brazing to hold the covers in place. Zinc labels shall be affixed to such boxes indicating they contain no connections. These labels shall not indicate that the box is part of a security system. Any damage to the enclosure or its cover's surface protection shall be cleaned and repaired using the same type of surface protection as the original enclosure. Conduit enclosures constructed of fiberglass shall be secured with tamper proof security servers.

2.12.1.2 Conduit-Enclosure Connections

a. Conduit-enclosure connections shall be protected by tack welding or brazing the conduit to the enclosure. Tack welding or brazing shall be done in addition to standard conduit-enclosure connection methods as described in NFPA 70. Any damage to the enclosure or its cover's surface protection shall be cleaned and repaired using the same type of surface protection as the original enclosure. Conduit enclosures constructed of fiberglass shall be secured with tamper proof security screws.

2.12.1.3 Locks and Key-Lock-Operated Switches

a. Locks

(1) Locks required to be installed on system enclosures for maintenance purposes shall be UL listed, keyed and match to the base/post standard. Keys shall be stamped U.S. GOVT. DO NOT DUP. The locks shall be so arranged that the key can only be withdrawn when in the locked position. All maintenance locks shall be keyed alike and only two keys shall be furnished for all of these locks.

b. Key-Lock-Operated Switches

(1) Key-lock-operated switches required to be installed on system components shall be UL listed, keyed and matched to the base/post standard. Keys shall be stamped U.S. GOVT. DO NOT DUP. Key-lock-operated switches shall be two position, with the key removable in either position. All key-lock-operated switches shall be keyed differently and only two keys shall be furnished for each key-lock-operated switch.

2.13 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

2.13.1 Signal Transmission Format Code

2.13.1.1 FO equipment shall use the same transmission code format from the beginning of a circuit to the end of that circuit. Different transmission code formats may be used for different circuits as required to interconnect supported equipment.

2.13.2 Flux Budget/Gain Margin

2.13.2.1 FO links shall have a minimum gain margin of 6 dB. The flux budget is the difference between the transmitter output power and the receiver input power required for signal discrimination when both are expressed in dBm. The flux budget shall be equal to the sum of losses (such as insertion losses, connector and splice losses, and transmission losses) plus the gain margin. When a repeater or other signal regenerating device is inserted to extend the length of an FO circuit, both the circuit between the transmitter and the repeater-receiver, and the circuit between the repeater-transmitter and the receiver are considered independent FO links for gain margin calculations.

2.13.3 Receiver Dynamic Range

2.13.3.1 The dynamic range of receivers shall be large enough to accommodate both the worst-case, minimum receiver flux density and the maximum possible, receiver flux density. The receiver dynamic range shall be at least 15 dB. Where required, optical attenuators shall be used to force the FO link power to fall within the receiver dynamic range.

2.14 OPTICAL FIBERS

2.14.1 General

2.14.1.1 Optical fibers shall be coated with a suitable material to preserve the intrinsic strength of the glass. The outside diameter of the glass-cladded fiber shall be nominally 125 microns, and shall be concentric with the fiber core. Optical fibers shall meet TIA-455-46A, and TIA-455-177-B.

2.14.2 50 Micron Multimode Fibers

2.14.2.1 Conductors shall be multimode, graded index, solid glass waveguides with a nominal core diameter of 50 microns. The fiber shall have transmission windows centered at 850 and 1300 nanometer wavelengths. The numerical aperture for each fiber shall be a minimum of 0.20. The attenuation at 850 nanometers shall be 3.5 dB/Km or less. The attenuation at 1300 nanometers shall be 1.5 dB/Km or less. The minimum bandwidth shall be 500 MHz-Km at both transmission windows. The fibers shall be certified to meet EIA/TIA-455-30B and TIA-455-58-B.

2.14.3 62.5 Micron Multimode Fibers

2.14.3.1 Conductors shall be multimode, graded index, solid glass waveguides with a nominal core diameter of 62.5 microns. The fiber shall have transmission windows centered at 850 and 1300 nanometer wavelengths. The numerical aperture for each fiber shall be a minimum of 0.275. The attenuation at 850 nanometers shall be 3.5 dB/Km or less. The attenuation at 1300 nanometers shall be 1.5 dB/Km or less. The minimum bandwidth shall be 160 MHz-Km at 850 nanometers and 500 MHz-Km at 1300 nanometers. FO cable shall be certified to meet EIA/TIA-455-30B and TIA-455-58-B.

2.14.4 8.3 Micron Single-Mode Fibers

2.14.4.1 Conductors shall be single-mode, solid glass waveguides with a nominal core diameter of 8.3 microns. The fiber shall have a transmission windows centered at 1310 and 1550 nanometer wavelengths. The numerical aperture for each optical fiber shall be a minimum of 0.10. The attenuation for inside cable at 1310 and 1550 nanometers shall be 1.0 dB/Km or less. The attenuation for outside cable at 1310 and 1550 nanometers shall be 0.5 dB/Km or less. The fibers shall be certified to meet EIA/TIA-455-170.

2.15 CROSS-CONNECTS

2.15.1 Patch Panels

2.15.1.1 Patch panels shall be a complete system of components by a single manufacturer, and shall provide termination, splice storage, routing, radius limiting, cable fastening, storage, and cross-connection. Patch panel connectors and couplers shall be the same type and configuration as used elsewhere in the system. Patch panels shall be 19 inch rack mount type or wall mounted as shown.

2.15.2 Patch Cords

2.15.2.1 Patch cords shall be cable assemblies consisting of factory connector-terminated flexible optical fiber cable with connectors of the same type as used elsewhere in the system. Optical fiber shall be the same type as used elsewhere in the system. Patch cords shall be complete assemblies from manufacturer's standard products.

2.16 CABLE CONSTRUCTION

2.16.1 General

2.16.1.1 The cable shall contain a minimum of two fiber optic fibers for each link circuit. The number of fibers in each cable shall be as shown. Each fiber shall be protected by a protective tube. Cables shall have a jacketed strength member, and an exterior jacket. Cable and fiber protective covering shall be free from holes, splits, blisters, and other imperfections. All interior cables' insulation and jacketing material shall not contain any poly vinyl chloride (PVC) compounds. The covering shall be flame retardant, moisture resistant, non-nutrient to fungus, ultraviolet light resistant as specified and nontoxic. Mechanical stress present in cable shall not be transmitted to the optical fibers. Strength members shall be non-metallic and shall be an integral part of the cable construction. The combined strength of all the strength members shall be sufficient to support the stress of installation and to protect the cable in service. The exterior cables shall have a minimum storage temperature range of minus 104 to plus 167 degrees F. Interior cables shall have a minimum storage temperature of plus 14 to plus 167 degrees F. All optical fiber cables and all optical fiber raceways furnished shall meet the requirement of NFPA 70. Fire resistant characteristics of optical fiber cables and optical fiber raceways shall conform to Article 770, Sections 49, 50, and 51. A flooding compound shall be applied into the interior of the fiber tubes, into the interstitial spaces between the tubes, to the core covering, and between the core covering and jacket of all cable to be installed aerially, underground, and in locations susceptible to moisture. Flooded cables shall comply with TIA/EIA-455-81B and TIA-455-82B. Cables shall be from the same manufacturer, of the same cable type, of the same size, and of the same optical characteristics. Each fiber and protective coverings shall be continuous with no factory splices. Fiber optic cable assemblies, including jacketing and fibers, shall be certified by the manufacturer to have a minimum life of 30 years. Cables shall meet UL 1666. FO cable shall be certified to meet the following: TIA-455-13-A, TIA/EIA-455-25C, TIA/EIA-455-41A, TIA-455-47B, TIA-455-78-B, TIA/EIA-455-88, TIA-455-91, TIA-455-104-A, and TIA/EIA-455-171-A.

2.16.2 Exterior Cable

2.16.2.1 Aerial Cable

a. The optical fibers shall be surrounded by a tube buffer, shall be contained in a channel or otherwise loosely packaged to provide clearance between the fibers and inside of the container, and shall be extruded from a material having a coefficient of friction sufficiently low to allow the fiber free movement.

(1) The cable outer jacket shall be medium density polyethylene material containing at least 2.6 percent carbon black with only black pigment added for additional coloring.

(2) Tensile strength: Cables shall withstand an installation tensile load of not less than 608 pounds and not less than 135 pounds continuous tensile load.

(3) Impact and Crush resistance: The cables shall withstand an impact of 1.7 lbs/in as a minimum, and shall have a crush resistance of 317 psi as a minimum.

2.16.2.2 Duct Cable

a. The optical fibers shall be surrounded by a tube buffer, shall be contained in a channel or otherwise loosely packaged to provide clearance between the fibers and inside of the container, and shall be extruded from a material having a coefficient of friction sufficiently low to allow the fiber free movement.

(1) The cable outer jacket shall be medium density polyethylene material with orange pigment added for ease of identification.

(2) Tensile strength: Cables shall withstand an installation tensile load of not less than 608 pounds and not less than 135 pounds continuous tensile load.

(3) Impact and Crush resistance: The cables shall withstand an impact of 1.7 lbs/in as a minimum, and shall have a crush resistance of 317 psi as a minimum.

2.16.2.3 Direct Burial Cable

a. The optical fibers shall be surrounded by a tube buffer, shall be contained in a channel or otherwise loosely packaged to provide clearance between the fibers and inside of the container, and shall be extruded from a material having a coefficient of friction sufficiently low to allow the fiber free movement.

(1) The cable outer jacket shall be medium density polyethylene material containing at least 2.6 percent carbon black with only black pigment added for additional coloring.

(2) Tensile strength: Cables shall withstand an installation tensile load of not less than 608 pounds and not less than 135 pounds continuous tensile load.

(3) Impact and Crush resistance: The cables shall withstand an impact of 1.7 lbs/in as a minimum, and shall have a crush resistance of 317 psi as a minimum.

(4) Direct burial cable shall be protected with plastic coated steel armor. The plastic coated steel armor shall be applied longitudinally directly over an inner jacket and have an overlap of 0.20 inch minimum. Armoring materials shall provide corrosion protection from local environmental/soil conditions over the projected life of the cable.

2.16.3 Interior Cable

2.16.3.1 Loose buffer tube cable construction shall be such that the optical fibers shall be surrounded by a tube buffer, and shall be contained in a channel or otherwise loosely packaged to provide clearance between the fibers and the inside of the container to allow for thermal expansions without constraining the fiber. The protective container shall be extruded from a material having a coefficient of friction sufficiently low to allow the fiber free movement. The cable outer jacket shall be fluorocopolymer (FCP), which complies with NFPA 70 for optical fiber nonconductive plenum (OFNP) applications. Manufacturers' recommended values for tensile strength, impact resistance, and crush resistance shall not be exceeded. Interior cables' insulation and jacketing material shall not contain any poly vinyl chloride (PVC) compounds.

2.16.3.2 Tight buffer tube cable construction shall be extrusion of plastic over each cladded fiber, with an outer jacket of FCP, which complies with NFPA 70 for optical fiber nonconductive riser (OFNR) requirements for riser cables and vertical shaft installations. Optical fibers shall be covered in near contact with an extrusion tube and shall have an intermediate soft buffer to allow for the thermal expansions and minor pressures. Manufacturers' recommended values for tensile strength, impact resistance, and crush resistance shall not be exceeded. Interior cables' insulation and jacketing material shall not contain any poly vinyl chloride (PVC) compounds.

2.16.4 Pigtail Cables

2.16.4.1 Cable used for connections to equipment shall be flexible fiber pigtail cables having the same physical and operational characteristics as the parent cable. The cable jacket shall be FCP, which complies with NFPA 70 for OFNP applications. Maximum dB loss for pigtail cable shall be 3.5 dB/km at 850 nanometers, and 1.0 dB/km at 1300 nanometers, and 1 dB/Km at 1550 nanometers.

2.17 FO CONNECTORS

2.17.1 FO connectors shall be field installable, self-aligning and centering. FO connectors shall match the fiber core and cladding diameters. Provide FO cable connectors at field equipment of the type to match the field equipment connectors or as shown. Provide FO connectors at terminal head end equipment of the type to match terminal head equipment connectors as shown. Connector insertion loss shall be nominally 0.3 dB and maximum loss shall be less than 0.7 dB.

2.18 MECHANICAL SPLICES

2.18.1 Mechanical splices shall be suitable for installation in the field. External power sources shall not be required to complete a mechanical splice. Mechanical splices shall be self-aligning for optimum signal coupling. Mechanical splices shall not be used for exterior applications where they may be buried underground or laced to aerial messenger cables. Mechanical splices may be used for interior locations and within enclosures. Splice closures shall protect the spliced fibers from moisture and shall prevent physical damage. The splice closure shall provide strain relief for the cable and the fibers at the splice points.

2.19 FUSION SPLICES

2.19.1 The fusion splicer shall be portable, fully automatic, and compact. It shall be suitable for fusion splicing all types of telecommunication grade optical fibers and individual fibers as well as cables containing multiple optical fibers. The fusion splicer shall be capable of operation under various environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity, altitude, etc.) for all types of optical cable deployments. The fusion splicer shall be craft friendly and operation shall require only minimal training. Automatic splicing software shall be available to remove operator and environmental dependence from the splicing process. The controls of the fusion splicer shall be designed in accordance with ergonomic considerations. The automatic splicing process shall be started by pressing one button and can be interrupted at any time. Alternatively, semi-automatic (step-by-step) or manual splicing shall be available by menu selection. Communication with the fusion splicer shall be conducted through a language unspecific keyboard with universal symbols and the dialogue with the splicer shall be displayed on the device screen.

2.20 CONDUIT, FITTINGS AND ENCLOSURES

2.20.1 Conduit, fittings, and enclosures shall be as specified in Section 26 20 00 Interior Distribution System, and as shown.

2.20.2 FAN-OUT KITS

2.20.2.1 For all loose-tube optical fibers, furnish and install fan-out kits using furcating tubes for connectorization. Loose-tube optical fiber furcating tubes shall incorporate strain relief if the connectorization is not contained within a protective enclosure such as a patch panel. For tight-buffered optical fibers, furnish and install fan-out kits using furcating tubes and which incorporate strain relief, if the connectorization is not contained within a protective enclosure such as a patch panel. Furcating tubes required to incorporate strain relief shall provide increased pullout protection and shall be comprised of an inner tube, surrounded by a layer of nonconductive strength members, then surrounded by an enclosing outer jacket layer. Fan-out kits shall be color coded to match the industry fiber color scheme. Length of furcating tube shall be 36 inches minimum when installation is complete. Fan-out kits shall be rated for the ambient conditions of the location in which installed as specified in paragraph Environmental Requirements. Provide terminations for each fiber, regardless whether fiber is active or spare.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

3.1.1 System components and appurtenances shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and as shown. Interconnections, services, and adjustments required for a complete and operable data transmission system shall be provided.

3.1.1.1 Interior Work

a. Conduits, tubing and cable trays for interior FO cable shall be installed as specified in Section 26 20 00 Interior Distribution System and as shown. Cable installation and applications shall meet the requirements of NFPA 70, Article 770, Sections 52 and 53. Cables not installed in conduits or wireways shall be properly supported, secured, and neat in appearance, and if installed in plenums or other spaces used for environmental air, shall comply with NFPA 70 requirements for this type of installation.

3.1.2 Exterior…