5. EM 385-1 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Safety and Health Requirements Manual.pdf

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY EM 385-1-1

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CESO-ZA Washington, D.C. 20314-1000

For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328

ISBN 0-16-048877-x

Manual No. 385-1-1 3 November 2003

Safety

SAFETY AND HEALTH REQUIREMENTS

1. Purpose. This manual prescribes the safety and health requirements for all Corps of Engineers activities and operations.

2. Applicability. This manual applies to Headquarters, US Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE) elements, major subordinate commands, districts, centers, laboratories, and field operating activities (FOA), as well as USACE and Naval Facilities (NAVFAC) Engineering Command contracts. Applicability extends to occupational exposure for missions under the command of the Chief of Engineers, whether accomplished by military, civilian, or contractor personnel.

3. References.

a. 29 Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) 1910

b. 29 CFR 1926

c. 29 CFR 1960

d. 30 CFR 56

e. Executive Order (EO) 12196

f. Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) Clause 52.236-13

This manual supersedes EM 385-1-1, 3 September 1996

EM 385-1-1

1 Oct 03

g. Department of Defense Instruction (DODI) 6055.1

h. DODI 6055.3

i. Army Regulation (AR) 40-5

j. AR 385-10

k. AR 385-11

4. General.

a. The provisions of this manual implement and supplement the safety and health standards and requirements contained in 29

CFR 1910, 29 CFR 1926, 29 CFR 1960, 30 CFR 56, EO 12196,

DODI 6055.1, DODI 6055.3, AR 40-5, AR 385-10, AR 385-11,

AR 385-40, and FAR Clause 52.236-13. Where more stringent safety and occupational health standards are set forth in these requirements and regulations, the more stringent standards shall apply.

b. Mission applicability introduced in paragraph 2 above shall include the following:

(1) Construction contract work under the provisions of FAR Clause 52.236-13. Contractors shall comply with the latest version of EM 385-1-1 (including interim changes) that is in effect on the date of solicitation. Prior to making an offer, bidders should check the HQUSACE Safety and Occupational Health web site (see paragraph c) for the latest changes.

No separate payment will be made for compliance with this paragraph or for compliance with other safety and health requirements of this contract. Note: Existing contracts will continue to apply the provisions of the previous edition(s) of this manual until contract completion.

(2) Service, supply, and research and development contracting actions. Compliance with this manual shall be a contract requirement for such activities when technical representatives (proponent in coordination with safety and health professionals) advise that special precautions are appropriate.

(3) For contracting actions for hazardous, toxic, and radioactive waste site investigation, design, or remediation activities, compliance with this manual shall be a contract requirement.

c. Copies of this manual are available electronically on the USACE Safety and Occupational Health Office web site:

http://www.hq.usace.army.mil/soh/hqusace_soh.htm and in Corps of Engineers Electronic Bid Sets. Hard copies and CD ROM versions of the manual are available from the local contracting officials.

(1) Changes. All interim changes (changes made between publication of new editions) to this manual will be posted on the Safety and Occupational Health Office web site. The date a change is posted will become the official effective date of the change.

(2) Interpretations. Within the Corps of Engineers, interpretations to the requirements contained within this manual shall be executed in accordance with the process contained in Appendix M. Interpretations will apply only to the specific situation in question and may not be used as a precedent to determine the meaning of a requirement as it may apply to another circumstance.

(3) Variances. Within the Corps of Engineers, variances to provisions of this manual require the approval of the Chief of Safety and Occupational Health, HQUSACE. Variances shall provide an equal or greater level of protection, shall be substantiated with a hazard analysis of the activity, and shall be documented and forwarded through channels to Chief of Safety and Occupational Health, HQUSACE. The process for requesting variances is contained in Appendix N.

(4) Exceptions. Some of the technical requirements of this manual may not always be applicable to overseas activities due to conflicting circumstances, practices, and laws or regulations of the locality or the unavailability of equipment.

In such instances, means other than the ones specified in this manual may be used to achieve the required protection.

When this occurs, a hazard analysis must be made to document that the required protection will be achieved by the alternate means.

d. Unless otherwise indicated, when publications are referenced in this manual, the most recent edition is to be used.

e. Underlining indicates new or changed text.

g. Supplementation of this manual is not authorized except as published by the Safety and Occupational Health Office, HQUSACE. Local USACE organizations may develop Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to implement the provisions contained within this manual, but may not implement new requirements without the specific approval of HQUSACE.

Locally developed Safety and Health Requirements will not be included in contract requirements without the approval of HQUSACE. Unified Facilities Guide Specification (UFGS)– 01525 will be used in all USACE and NAVFAC contract work under the provisions of FAR Clause 52.236-13.

3 Nov 03 i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

1. Program Management A. General B. Indoctrination and Training C. Physical Qualification of Employees D. Accident Reporting and Recordkeeping E. Emergency Planning F. Emergency Recovery Operations

2. Sanitation A. General Requirements B. Drinking Water C. Toilets D. Washing Facilities E. Food Service F. Waste Disposal G. Vermin Control

3. Medical and First-Aid Requirements

A. General B. First-Aid Kits C. First-Aid Stations and Infirmaries D. Personnel Requirements and Qualifications

4. Temporary Facilities A. General

5. Personal Protective and Safety Equipment A. General B. Eye and Face Protection C. Hearing Protection and Noise Control D. Head Protection E. Respiratory Protection

F. Body Belts, Harnesses, Lanyards, and Lifelines - Selection of Components

G. Electrical Protective Equipment ii

H. Personal Floatation Devices I. Lifesaving and Safety Skiffs

6. Hazardous Substances, Agents, and Environments A. General

B. Hazardous Substances C. Hot Substances D. Harmful Plants, Animals, and Insects E. Ionizing Radiation

F. Nonionizing Radiation and Magnetic and Electric Fields

G. Ventilation and Exhaust Systems H. Abrasive Blasting I. Confined Space J. Inclement Weather and Environmental Hazards

K. Cumulative Trauma Prevention L. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management

7. Lighting A. General

8. Accident Prevention Signs, Tags, Labels, Signals, Piping System Identification, and Traffic Control A. Signs, Tags, Labels, and Piping Systems

B. Signal Systems, Personnel, and Procedures C. Traffic Control D. Haul Roads

9. Fire Prevention and Protection A. General B. Flammable and Combustible Liquids C. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LP-Gas) D. Temporary Heating Devices E. First Response Fire Protection F. Fixed Fire Suppression Systems G. Fire Fighting Equipment H. Fire Detection and Employee Fire Alarm Systems I. Fire Fighting Organizations - Training and Drilling iii

J. Fire Patrols K. USACE Wild Land Fire Control

10. Welding and Cutting A. General B. Respiratory Protection C. Fire Protection D. Oxyfuel Gas Welding and Cutting E. Arc Welding and Cutting F. Gas Metal Arc Welding

11. Electrical A. General B. Overcurrent Protection, Disconnects, and Switches .. 214 C. Grounding D. Temporary Wiring and Lighting E. Operations Adjacent to Overhead Lines F. Batteries and Battery Charging G. Hazardous (Classified) Locations H. Power Transmission and Distribution I. Underground Electrical Installations J. Work in Energized Substations K. Communication Facilities

12. Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout) A. General B. Training C. Periodic Inspections D. Lockout and Tagout Devices

E. Applying and Removing Lockout and Tagout Devices

13. Hand and Power Tools A. General B. Grinding and Abrasive Machinery C. Power Saws and Woodworking Machinery D. Pneumatic Tools E. Explosive-Actuated Tools iv

F. Chain Saws G. Abrasive Blasting Machinery

14. Material Handling, Storage, and Disposal A. Material Handling B. Material Storage C. Housekeeping D. Material Disposal

15. Rigging A. General B. Wire Rope C. Chain D. Fiber Rope (Natural and Synthetic) E. Slings F. Rigging Hardware

16. Machinery and Mechanized Equipment A. General B. Guarding and Safety Devices C. Cranes and Derricks - General

D. Crawler-, Truck-, Wheel-, and Ringer-Mounted Cranes

E. Portal, Tower, and Pillar Cranes F. Floating Cranes, Floating Derricks, Crane Barges, and Auxiliary Shipboard Mounted Cranes G. Overhead and Gantry Cranes H. Monorails and Underhung Cranes I. Derricks J. Helicopter Cranes K. Material Hoists L. Pile Drivers M. Drilling Equipment

17. Conveyors A. General B. Operation v

18. Motor Vehicles and Aircraft A. General B. Operating Rules C. Transportation of Personnel D. All Terrain Vehicles (ATV) E. Aircraft

19. Floating Plant and Marine Activities A. General B. Access C. Launches, Motorboats, and Skiffs D. Dredging E. Scrows and Barges F. Navigation Locks and Locking

20. Pressurized Equipment and Systems A. General B. Compressed Air and Gas Systems C. Boilers and Systems D. Compressed Gas Cylinders

21. Safe Access and Fall Protection A. General B. Standard Guardrails and Handrails C. Personal Fall Protection Systems and Safety Nets D. Ladders E. Stairways F. Ramps, Runways, and Trestles G. Personnel Hoists and Elevators

22. Work Platforms A. General B. Scaffolds - General C. Metal Scaffolds and Towers D. Scaffolds - Wood Pole E. Scaffolds - Suspended F. Crane Supported Work Platforms G. Form and Carpenter’s Bracket Scaffolds H. Horse Scaffolds vi

I. Pump Jack Scaffolds J. Elevating Work Platforms K. Vehicle-Mounted Elevating and Rotating Work Platforms L. Mast Climbing Work Platform

23. Demolition A. General B. Debris Removal C. Wall Removal D. Floor Removal E. Steel Removal F. Mechanical Demolition

24. Floor and Wall Holes and Openings A. General

25. Excavations A. General B. Safe Access C. Sloping and Benching D. Support Systems E. Cofferdams

26. Underground Construction (Tunnels), Shafts, and Caissons A. General B. Hazardous Classifications

C. Air Monitoring, Air Quality Standards, and Ventilation

D. Fire Prevention and Protection E. Drilling F. Shafts G. Hoisting H. Caissons I. Compressed Air Work J. Underground Blasting vii

27. Concrete and Masonry Construction and Steel Erection A. Concrete and Masonry Construction - General B. Formwork and Shoring C. Precast Concrete Operations D. Lift-Slab Operations E. Structural Steel Assembly F. Systems-Engineered Metal Building G. Masonry Construction H. Roofing

28. Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER) A. General

29. Blasting A. General B. Transportation of Explosive Materials C. Handling of Explosive Materials D. Electromagnetic Radiation E. Vibration and Damage Control F. Drilling and Loading G. Wiring H. Firing I. Post-Blast Procedures J. Underwater Blasting

30. Contract Diving Operations A. General B. SCUBA Diving Operations C. Surface Supplied Air Operations D. Mixed-Gas Diving Operations E. Equipment Requirements F. Advanced Diving Technology G. Scientific Snorkeling

31. Tree Maintenance and Removal A. General B. Tree Climbing C. Felling viii

D. Brush Removal and Chipping E. Other Operations and Equipment

32. Airfield Operations A. General

Appendices A – Minimum Basic Outline for Accident Prevention Plan............A-1 B – Emergency Recovery Operations..........................................B-1 C – Guidelines for Control of Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica and Abrasive Blasting ............................... C-1 D – Assured Equipment Grounding Conductor Program ............ D-1 E – Woodworking Machinery Guarding .......................................E-1 F – Rigging Inspection and Removal Criteria...............................F-1 G – Procedures for the Examination and Qualification of Crane Operators .................................................................. G-1 H – Crane and Derrick Inspection Criteria .................................. H-1 I – Crane Testing Requirements for Performance Tests.............. I-1 J – Ladders, Ramps, Stairs, and Fixed Ladders ......................... J-1 K – Cranes, Derricks, and Hooks.................................................K-1 L – Scaffolds, Work Stands, and Platforms ................................. L-1 M – USACE Process for Requesting Interpretations ..................M-1 N – USACE Process for Requesting Waivers/Variances............ N-1 O – Manning Levels for Dive Teams........................................... O-1 P – Recommended Safe Practices for Tree Maintenance and Removal Operations .............................................................P-1 Q – Definitions ............................................................................ Q-1 R – Metric Conversion Table ...................................................... R-1 S – References and Resources ...................................................S-1

Glossary ........................................................................Glossary -1

Index .................................................................................. Index-1

Figures 1-1 – Position Hazard Analysis 1-2 – Activity Hazard Analysis 5-1 – Personal Floatation Devices 6-1 – PRCS Procedures and Decision Logic ix

8-1 – Sign and Tag Signal Word Headings 8-2 – Example Tag Layout 8-3 – Example Sign Layout 8-4 – Radio Frequency Warning Symbol 8-5 – Laser Caution Sign 8-6 – Laser Warning Sign 8-7 – Radiological Warning Symbol 8-8 – Slow-Moving Vehicle Emblem 8-9 – Accident Prevention Tags 8-10 – Crane Hand Signals 8-11 – Helicopter Hand Signals 15-1 – Wire Rope Clip Spacing (Not to be used for slings) 15-2 – Wire Rope Clip Orientation (Not to be used for slings) 15-3 – Wedge Socket Fastening 15-4 – Sling Configurations 25-1 – Sloping and Benching 25-2 – Trench Shields 25-3 – Trench Jacks 29-1 – Power Firing Systems 29-2 – Recommended Installation of Shooting Station and Accessory Arrangement for Using Arcontroller J-1 – Suggested Design for Rungs on Individual-Rung Ladders............................................................................. J-2 J-2 – Rail Ladder with Bar Steel Rails and Round Steel Rungs ............................................................................... J-5 J-3 – Clearance for Unavoidable Obstruction at Rear of Fixed Ladder..................................................................... J-5 J-4 – Ladder Far from Wall ........................................................ J-6 J-5 – Deflector Plates for Head Hazards ................................... J-6 J-6 – Relationship of Fixed Ladder to a Safe Access Hatch ...... J-7 J-7 – Cages for Ladders More Than 20 ft (6.1 m) High ............. J-7 J-8 – Clearance Diagram for Fixed Ladder in Well .................... J-8 J-9 – Cages - Special Applications ............................................ J-9 J-10 – Offset Fixed Ladder Sections............................................ J-9 J-11 – Slope of Ladders, Ramps, and Stairs ............................. J-13 J-12 – Slope of Wood Grain for Job Made Ladders................... J-13 J-13 – Example of Impermissible Knot Spacing......................... J-14 J-14 – Example of Impermissible Knots at Edge ....................... J-14 J-15 – Example of Impermissible Spike Knots........................... J-12 x

J-16 – Cleat Attachment, Single-Cleat Ladder........................... J-15 J-17 – Cleat Attachment, Double-Cleat Ladder ......................... J-16 J-18 – Ladder Splices, 2 x 4 Rail ............................................... J-17 J-19 – Ladder Splices, 2 x 6 Rail ............................................... J-18 J-20 – Ladder Pitch.................................................................... J-19 J-21 – Methods for Securing Base............................................. J-20 K-1 – Mobile and Locomotive Cranes.........................................K-1 K-2 – Construction Tower Cranes................................................K-8 K-3 – Overhead and Gantry Cranes ..........................................K-11 K-4 – Cab-Operated Cranes ......................................................K-14 K-5 – Floor-Operated Cranes ....................................................K-15 K-6 – Floating Cranes................................................................K-16 K-7 – Derricks ............................................................................K-18 K-8 – Drop Section (Lift Section) ...............................................K-22 K-9 – Hooks ...............................................................................K-23 L-1 – Scaffolds............................................................................. L-1 L-2 – Work Stands ..................................................................... L-38 L-3 – Platforms .......................................................................... L-39

Tables 2-1 – Minimum Toilet Facilities (Construction Sites) 2-2 – Minimum Toilet Facilities (Other than Construction Sites) ... 23 3-1 – Minimum Quantity Requirements for Basic Unit Packages.. 31 5-1 – Eye and Face Protector Selection Guide 5-2 – Required Shades for Filter Lenses and Glasses in Welding, Cutting, Brazing, and Soldering 5-3 – Permissible Non-DOD Noise Exposures 5-4 – Standards for Electrical Protective Equipment 6-1 – Occupational Dose Rates 6-2 – Laser Safety Goggle Optical Density Requirements 6-3 – PRCS Program Elements 6-4 – PRCS Training 6-5 – Wind Chill Temperature Table 6-6 – Time to Occurrence of Frostbit in Minutes or Hours 7-1 – Minimum Lighting Requirements 8-1 – Accident Prevention Sign Requirements 8-2 – Accident Prevention Color Coding 8-3 – Identification of Piping Systems xi

9-1 – Maximum Allowable Size of Containers and Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids 9-2 – LP-Gas Container and Cylinder Outside Storage Minimum Distances 9-3 – Temporary Heating Device Clearances 9-4 – Fire Extinguisher Distribution 11-1 – Minimum Clearance from Energized Overhead Electric Lines 11-2 – Hazardous (Classified) Locations 11-3 – Alternating Current – Minimum Distances 15-1 – Number of Clips and the Proper Torque Necessary to Assemble Wire Rope Eye Loop Connections with a Probable Efficiency Not More Than 80% 15-2 – Safe Working Loads for Shackles 16-1 – Crane Design and Construction Standards 19-1 – Fire Extinguisher Requirements for Launches/ Motorboats 21-1 – Selection Criteria for Planking and Platforms 21-2 – Maximum Intended Load 21-3 – Wood Plank Selection 21-4 – Safety Net Distances 22-1 – Wood Pole Scaffold Height and Level Limits 22-2 – Ladder-Type Platforms 22-3 – Form Scaffolds 22-4 – Minimum Dimensions for Horse Scaffold Members 27-1 – Erection Bridging for Short Span Joists 27-2 – Erection Bridging for Long Span Joists 29-1 – Energy Ratio and Peak Particle Velocity Formalae C-1 – U.S. Guidelines and Limits for Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Cilica .......................................................... C-2 F-1 – Inspecting Wire Rope for Broken Wires............................F-1 F-2 – Allowable Chain Wear .......................................................F-4 H-1 – Crane and Derrick Inspection Frequency.......................... H-2 I-1 – Crane Performance Testing Requirements - No-Load Tests ................................................................... I-2 I-2 – Crane Performance Testing Requirements - At-Load Tests .................................................................... I-6 xii

O-1 – Dive Team Composition, SCUBA, Untethered, 0 to 100 ft (0 to 30.5 m).................................................... O-1 O-2 – Dive Team Composition, SCUBA, Tethered with Communications, 0 to 100 ft (0 to 30.5 m) ....................... O-1 O-3 – Dive Team Composition, Surface Supplied Air, 0 to 100 ft (0 to 30.5 m).................................................... O-2 O-4 – Dive Team Composition, Surface Supplied Air, 101 to 190 ft (31.8 to 57.9 m)........................................... O-3 O-5 – Dive Team Composition, Surface Supplied Mixed Gas Diving............................................................................... O-3

SECTION 1

PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

01.A GENERAL

01.A.01 No person shall be required or instructed to work in surroundings or under conditions that are unsafe or dangerous to his or her health.

01.A.02 The employer shall be responsible for initiating and maintaining a safety and health program that complies with the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) safety and health requirements.

01.A.03 Each employee is responsible for complying with applicable safety and occupational health requirements, wearing prescribed safety and health equipment, reporting unsafe conditions/activities, preventing avoidable accidents, and working in a safe manner.

01.A.04 Safety and health programs, documents, signs, and tags shall be communicated to employees in a language that they understand.

01.A.05 Worksites with non-English speaking workers shall have a person(s), fluent in the language(s) spoken and English, on site when work is being performed, to translate as needed.

01.A.06. The Contractor shall erect and maintain a safety and health bulletin board in an area commonly accessed by workers.

The bulletin board shall be maintained current, in clear view of on-site workers; and protected against the elements and unauthorized removal. It shall contain at least the following safety and health information:

a. Map denoting the route to the nearest emergency care facility.

b. Emergency phone numbers.

c. Copy of the most up-to-date accident prevention plan (APP) shall be mounted on or adjacent to the bulletin board or state the location, which will be accessible on the site by all workers.

d. Copy of current activity hazard analysis/analyses (AHA) shall be mounted on or adjacent to the bulletin board or state the location, which will be accessible on the site by all workers.

e. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Form 300A shall be posted in accordance with OSHA requirements and mounted on or adjacent to the bulletin board or state the location, which will be accessible on the site by all workers.

f. Copy of Safety and Occupational Health deficiency tracking log shall be mounted on or adjacent to the bulletin board or state the location where it will be accessible by all workers upon request. (See content in 01.A.12.d.)

g. Safety and Health promotional posters.

h. Date of last lost workday injury.

i. OSHA Safety and Health Poster.

01.A.07 USACE Project Managers (PMs) shall ensure that a safety and occupational health plan is developed, in accordance with the Safety and Occupational Health Reference Document contained in the USACE Business Manual, and incorporated into each Project Management Plan (PMP)/Program Management Plan (PrgMP).

01.A.08 USACE Project Delivery Teams (PDTs) will develop the safety and occupational health plan to be incorporated in the PMP and are responsible for assuring that safety and occupational health requirements are properly addressed and executed throughout the life cycle of each project.

01.A.09 For USACE activities where USACE employees are engaged in other than routine office/administrative functions, a project specific safety and health plan (SSHP) shall be developed, implemented, and updated as necessary. > See Section 28.

a. Such activities include operations and maintenance;

recreational resource management; in-house conducted environmental restoration (investigation, design, and remediation); surveying, inspection, and testing; construction management; warehousing; transportation; research and development; and other activities when the Government Designated Authority (GDA) and the command safety and occupational health office agree on the benefit of such a program in accident prevention.

b. The project safety and health plan shall address applicable items listed in Appendix A in addition to the USACE Command's safety and occupational health program requirements.

01.A.10 A position hazard analysis (PHA) shall be prepared, updated as necessary, and documented by the supervisor of each USACE position as warranted by the hazards associated with the position's tasks. A generic PHA may be used for groups of employees performing repetitive office/administrative tasks where the primary hazards are ergonomic, lighting, light lifting and carrying, and indoor air quality. > See Figure 1-1 for an outline of a PHA.

a. The GDA, using the advice of the safety and occupational health office, shall determine the need for analysis for each position within his or her area of responsibility.

b. In developing the analysis for a particular position, supervisors should draw upon the knowledge and experience of employees in that position and the safety and occupational health office.

c. Supervisors will review the contents of PHAs with employees upon initial assignment to a position, and at least annually or whenever there is a significant change in hazards.

01.A.11 Before initiation of work at the job site, an APP with appropriate appendices (e.g., SSHP for hazardous waste site cleanup operations, Lead Compliance Plan when working with lead, Asbestos Hazard Abatement Plan when working with asbestos) --written in English by the Prime Contractor for the specific work and hazards of the contract and implementing in detail the pertinent requirements of this manual -- will be reviewed and found acceptable by the GDA. APPs shall be developed and submitted by the Contractor in the formats provided in Appendix A of this manual. The Contractor shall address each of the elements/sub-elements in the outline contained in Appendix A in the order that they are provided in the manual. If by the nature of the work an item is not applicable, the Contractor will so state and provide a justification for why that element/sub-element is not applicable.

> See Appendix A.

a. The plan will be developed by qualified personnel and will be signed in accordance with Appendix A.1. The Contractor shall be responsible for documenting the qualified person’s credentials.

b. On contract operations, the Contractor's plan will be job-specific and will include work to be performed by subcontractors and measures to be taken by the Contractor to control hazards associated with materials, services, or equipment provided by suppliers.

FIGURE 1-1

POSITION HAZARD ANALYSIS

POSITION HAZARD ANALYSIS (PHA) FOR USACE EMPLOYEE

NAME: (Print - Last, First, MI):

JOB SERIES:______________________

JOB TITLE:_____________________

JOB NUMBER (SF-52):____________

Prepared by: (Print Name – Last, First, MI):

Analyzed by (SSHO):____________

Date (mo) _ _ (day) _ _ (year) _ _ _ _

COMMAND NAME & ORGANIZATION CODE:_______________________________

PRIMARY DUTY LOCATION:__________________________________________

Clearances Required EM OPS Team First Aid/CPR Respirator CDL Crane Operator Diver HTRW Other o o o o o o o o

POSITION TASKS

SAFETY AND/OR

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

HAZARDS

RECOMMENDED

CONTROLS

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

3.

4.

5.

*Note: Examples of potential hazards are as follows:

Safety:

trenching, electrical, slips, trips, fall hazards, etc.

Physical Agent:

Exposure to heat/cold, noise, stress, vibration, radiation, etc.

Chemical: Exposure to solvents, cadmium, paints, welding fumes, pesticides, etc.

Biological: Exposure to bloodborne pathogens, poison ivy, insects, fungi, etc.

FIGURE 1-1 (CONTINUED)

POSITION HAZARD ANALYSIS

EQUIPMENT TO BE

USED

INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS TRAINING

REQUIREMENTS

List equipment to be used for each task

List inspection requirements for each work task

List safety/health training requirements

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

This analysis serves as the hazard assessment required by Sections 01, 05, and 06 of EM 385-1-1, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Safety and Health Requirements Manual. The employee covered by this analysis has been instructed in the tasks to be performed, the hazards to be encountered, the potential adverse effects of exposure to such hazards and the controls to be used. He/she has received adequate training specifically related to safe work practices, administrative and engineering controls and personal protective equipment (PPE) to be used in order to assure assigned work tasks are conducted in a safe and healthful manner. He/she has demonstrated an understanding of the safety and health equipment and PPE to be used to include its limitations, useful self-life, how to properly don, doff, adjust, and wear required PPE and how to properly care for, inspect, maintain, store, and dispose. Attached is documentation of the training received, dates of such training, and the subject matter taught.

Supervisor Signature________________ Employee Signature_________________

Date __ __/__ __/__ __ __ __ Date __ __/__ __/__ __ __ __

01.A.12 Inspections.

a. The APP or the USACE Project Safety and Health Plan shall provide for frequent safety inspections, conducted by competent persons, of the work sites, material, and equipment to ensure compliance with the plan and this manual.

b. In addition to the requirements of subparagraph a., Contractor quality control (QC) personnel - as part of their QC responsibilities - shall conduct and document daily safety and occupational health inspections in their daily QC logs.

c. Identified safety and health issues and deficiencies, and the actions, timetable, and responsibility for correcting the deficiencies, shall be recorded in inspection reports. Follow-up inspections to ensure correction of any identified deficiencies shall be conducted and documented in a like manner.

d. The Contractor shall establish a safety and occupational health deficiency tracking system that lists and monitors the status of safety and health deficiencies in chronological order.

The list will be posted on the project safety bulletin board, will be updated daily, and will provide the following information:

(1) Date deficiency identified.

(2) Description of deficiency

(3) Name of person responsible for correcting deficiency.

(4) Projected resolution date

(5) Date actually resolved.

e. The Contractor will immediately notify the GDA of any OSHA or other regulatory agency inspection and provide him/her an opportunity to accompany the Contractor on the inspection.

(The inspection will not be delayed due to non-availability of the GDA.) The Contractor shall provide the GDA a copy of any citations or reports issued by the inspector and any corrective action responses to the citation(s) or report(s).

01.A.13 Before beginning each work activity involving a type of work presenting hazards not experienced in previous project operations or where a new work crew or sub-contractor is to perform the work, the Contractor(s) performing that work activity shall prepare an AHA. > See Figure 1-2 for an outline of an AHA.

FIGURE 1-2

ACTIVITY HAZARD ANALYSIS

ACTIVITY HAZARD ANALYSIS

ACTIVITY _________________________ ANALYZED BY/DATE ________________

PRINCIPAL STEPS POTENTIAL SAFETY/HEALTH

HAZARDS

RECOMMENDED

CONTROLS

Identify the principal steps involved and the sequence of work activities

Analyze each principal step for potential hazards

Develop specific controls for potential hazard

EQUIPMENT TO BE

USED

INSPECTION

REQUIREMENTS

TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

List equipment to be used in the work activity

List inspection requirements for the work activity

List training requirements, including hazard communication

a. AHAs will define the activities being performed and identify the sequences of work, the specific hazards anticipated, site conditions, equipment, materials, and the control measures to be implemented to eliminate or reduce each hazard to an acceptable level of risk.

b. Work will not begin until the AHA for the work activity has been accepted by the GDA and discussed with all engaged in the activity, including the Contractor, subcontractor(s), and Government on-site representatives at preparatory and initial control phase meetings.

c. The names of the competent/qualified person(s) required for a particular activity (i.e., excavations, scaffolding, fall protections, other activities as specified by OSHA and this manual) will be identified and included in the AHA. Proof of their competency/ qualification must be submitted to the GDA for acceptance prior to the start of that work activity.

d. The AHA will be reviewed and modified as necessary to address changing site conditions, operations, or change of competent/qualified person(s).

(1) If more than one competent/qualified person will be used on the AHA activity, a list of names shall be submitted as an attachment to the AHA. Those listed shall be competent/ qualified for the type of work involved in the AHA and familiar with current site safety issues.

(2) If a new competent/qualified person (not on the original list) is added, the list shall be updated (an administrative action not requiring an updated AHA). The new person shall acknowledge in writing that he/she has reviewed the AHA and is familiar with current site safety issues.

01.A.14 An AHA shall be prepared and documented for each USACE activity as warranted by the hazards associated with the activity. Generally, an AHA shall be prepared for all field operations.

a. The GDA, using the advice of the safety and occupational health office, shall determine the need for an AHA for each activity within their area of responsibility.

b. In developing the AHA for a particular activity, USACE supervisors should draw upon the knowledge and experience of employees in that activity and the safety and occupational health office.

c. The Government will use this process to assess and manage the risk associated with the project.

01.A.15 To assure compliance with this manual, the Contractor may be required to prepare for review specific safety and occupational health submittal items. These submittal items may be specifically required by this manual or may be identified in the contract or by the Contracting Officer's Representative (COR).

All safety and occupational health submittal items shall be written in English and provided by the Contractor to the GDA.

01.A.16. The COR or his/her designated representative may immediately stop work when an employee is deemed to be in imminent danger of serious injury or loss of life. > See Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) Clause 52.236-13(d).

01.A.17 The Contractor shall employ a competent person at each project to function as the Site Safety and Health Officer (SSHO).

The SSHO will manage the Contractor’s APP. (This may be a collateral duty responsibility unless specified differently in the contract.) > See Appendix A, paragraphs 4 and 7. The person(s), as a minimum, must have completed the 10-hour OSHA Construction safety class or an equivalent course applicable to the work to be performed and given by qualified instructors. Such training shall have been within the last three (3) years. An SSHO shall be on-duty at all times when work is being performed and shall be responsible for enforcing and implementing the Contractor’s Safety and Health Program in accordance with the accepted APP.

01.A.18. The Prime Contractor is responsible for assuring subcontractor compliance with the safety and occupational health requirements contained in this manual.

01.B INDOCTRINATION AND TRAINING

01.B.01 A qualified person(s) shall conduct all training required by this manual.

01.B.02 Employees shall be provided safety and health indoctrination prior to the start of work and continuing safety and health training to enable them to perform their work in a safe manner. Employee indoctrinations will be documented in writing by date, name, and content.

01.B.03 Indoctrination and training shall be based on the safety and health program of the Contractor or Government agency, as applicable, and shall include but not be limited to:

a. Requirements and responsibilities for accident prevention and maintaining safe and healthful work environments;

b. General safety and health policies and procedures and pertinent provisions of this manual;

c. Employee and supervisor responsibilities for reporting all accidents;

d. Provisions for medical facilities and emergency response and procedures for obtaining medical treatment or emergency assistance;

e. Procedures for reporting and correcting unsafe conditions or practices;

f. Job hazards and the means to control/eliminate those hazards, including applicable position and/or activity hazard analyses; and

g. Specific training as required by this manual.

01.B.04 All visitors to USACE Government or Contractor controlled sites hosting hazardous conditions will be briefed by a qualified person on the hazards to be expected on the site and the safety and health controls required (i.e., hard hat, foot protection, etc.).

The person-in-charge of the site will assure that all visitors entering the site are properly protected and are wearing or provided with the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). Site personnel should maintain a stock of common PPE (i.e., hard hats, eye protection, ear plugs, reflective vests, etc.) for use by visitors. The site manager will provide an escort for all visitors while on site.

A visitor sign-in log will be maintained on site.

01.B.05 Safety meetings shall be conducted to review past activities, plan for new or changed operations, review pertinent aspects of appropriate AHA (by trade), establish safe working procedures for anticipated hazards, and provide pertinent safety and health training and motivation.

a. Meetings shall be conducted at least once a month for all supervisors on the project location and at least once a week by supervisors or foremen for all workers.

b. Meetings shall be documented, including the date, attendance, subjects discussed, and names of individual(s) who conducted the meeting. Documentation shall be maintained and copies furnished to the GDA on request.

c. The GDA will be informed of all scheduled meetings in advance and be invited to attend.

01.B.06 A hazard communication program shall be implemented in accordance with 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.1200 or 1926.59.

a. The written hazard communication program shall address, as a minimum, the following: training (to include potential safety and health effects from exposure), labeling, current inventory of hazardous chemicals on site, and the location and use of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs).

b. When hazardous substances are brought onto the job site, all employees potentially exposed to the substance will be advised of information in the MSDS for the substance.

c. A copy of the MSDS for each hazardous substance at the project will be maintained in an inventory, will be provided to the GDA, and will be made available to all potentially exposed employees. For emergency response purposes, each entry in the inventory shall include the approximate quantities (e.g., liters, kilograms, gallons, pounds) that will be on site at any given time. In addition, a site map will be attached to the inventory showing where inventoried hazardous substances are stored. The inventory and the site map will be updated as frequently as necessary to ensure accuracy. > The inventory and site map shall be integrated into requirements of this Section and 06.B.01.

01.B.07 Emergency situations.

a. The employer shall provide training in handling emergency situations that may arise in the activities or use of equipment on the project.

b. All persons who may have occasion to use emergency and rescue or lifesaving equipment shall be familiarized with the location of the equipment, trained in the proper use of the equipment and its capabilities and limitations, and medically qualified for its use.

01.C PHYSICAL QUALIFICATIONS OF EMPLOYEES

01.C.01 All persons shall be physically, medically, and emotionally qualified for performing the duties to which they are assigned.

Some factors to be considered in making work assignments are strength, endurance, agility, coordination, and visual and hearing acuity.

01.C.02 At no time while on duty may employees use or be under the influence of alcohol, narcotics, intoxicants, or similar mind-altering substances. Employees found under the influence of or consuming such substances will be immediately removed from the job site. Contractors shall enforce the drug-free workplace requirements specified in Appendix A as part of their APP.

> See Appendix A.

01.C.03 Operators of any equipment or vehicle shall be able to read and understand the signs, signals, and operating instructions in use.

01.C.04 Operators shall not be permitted to operate beyond the following limits: > See Section 19 for Marine activities.

a. Operators of equipment, such as hoisting equipment and draglines, mobile construction equipment, electrical power systems, hydropower plants, industrial manufacturing systems, hydraulically operated equipment, powered vessels, and boats, shall not be permitted to exceed 12 hours of duty time in any 24-hour period, including time worked at another occupation.

A minimum of 8 consecutive hours will be provided for rest in each 24-hour period.

b. Operators of motor vehicles, while on duty, shall not operate vehicles for a continuous period of more than 10 hours in any 24-hour period; nor shall any employees, while on duty, operate motor vehicles after being in a duty status for more than 12 hours during any 24-hour period. A minimum of 8 consecutive hours will be provided for rest in each 24-hour period.

01.C.05 Compressed-air workers.

a. No person shall be permitted to enter a compressed-air environment until examined by a licensed physician and found to be physically qualified to engage in such work.

b. Any person working in a compressed-air environment who is absent from work for 10 or more days, or is absent due to sickness or injury, shall not resume work until reexamined by a licensed physician, and found to be physically qualified to work in a compressed-air environment.

c. After a person has been continuously employed in compressed air for a period designated by a physician, but not to exceed 1 year, that person shall be reexamined by a physician to determine if he/she is still physically qualified to engage in compressed-air work.

d. All other requirements for compressed-air work will be as specified in the contract technical provisions.

01.D ACCIDENT REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING

01.D.01 All accidents that occur incidentally to an operation, project, or facility for which this manual is applicable will be investigated, reported, and analyzed as prescribed by the GDA.

a. Employees are responsible for reporting all injuries or occupationally related illnesses as soon as possible to their employer or immediate supervisor.

b. Employers and immediate supervisors are responsible for reporting all injuries to the GDA within 24 hours.

c. No supervisor shall decline to accept a report of injury from a subordinate.

01.D.02 An accident that appears to have any of the consequences listed below shall be immediately reported to the GDA. These accidents will be investigated in depth to identify all causes and to recommend hazard control measures. The GDA shall immediately notify the Safety and Occupational Health Office of all serious accidents and follow-up with official accidents reports as prescribed by regulation. > Contractors are responsible for notifying OSHA when one or more of their employees are seriously injured.

a. Fatal injury,

b. Permanent totally disabling injury,

c. Permanent partial disabling injury,

d. Three or more persons admitted to a hospital, or

e. Property damage in an amount specified by USACE current accident reporting regulations.

01.D.03 Except for rescue and emergency measures, the accident scene shall not be disturbed until it has been released by the investigating official. The Contractor is responsible for obtaining appropriate medical and emergency assistance and for notifying fire, law enforcement, and regulatory agencies. The Contractor must assist and cooperate fully with the GDA conducting the Government investigation(s) of the accident.

01.D.04 Daily records of all first-aid treatments not otherwise reportable shall be maintained on prescribed forms and furnished to the GDA upon request.

01.D.05 In addition to any other applicable requirements of this section on contract operations, the Prime Contractor shall:

a. Maintain records of all exposure and accident experience incidental to the work (this includes exposure and accident experience of the Prime Contractor and subcontractors and, as a minimum, these records shall include exposure work hours and a log of occupational injuries and illnesses - OSHA Form 300 or equivalent as prescribed by 29 CFR 1904; provide a current copy of OSHA Form 300 or equivalent to the GDA upon request;

b. Maintain health hazard assessment documentation and employee exposure monitoring to chemical, biological, and physical agents as required by Section 06. Provide this information to employees who are characterized by these assessments and exposure monitoring in accordance with OSHA requirements. Immediately notify the GDA of any exposure in excess of the limits specified in Section 06 and the hazard control measures that has been taken to reduce or eliminate such exposures.

c. Submit project work hours to the COR monthly on the form provided by the COR. Work hours include all hours on the project where an employee is in an on-duty pay status.

01.E EMERGENCY PLANNING

01.E.01 Emergency plans to ensure employee safety in case of fire or other emergency shall be prepared, in writing, and reviewed with all affected employees. Emergency plans shall be tested to ensure their effectiveness. >See 28.A.03 for emergency planning procedures for storing and handling hazardous substances.

a. Plans shall include escape procedures and routes, critical plant operations, employee accounting following an emergency evacuation, rescue and medical duties, means of reporting emergencies, and persons to be contacted for information or clarification.

b. On-site emergency planning shall be integrated with off-site emergency support. (Documentation of specific on-site emergency services shall be made. This can include written agreements, memorandum for record, telephone conversation logs, etc. The emergency services provider should be offered an on-site orientation of the project and associated hazards.)

01.E.02 Planning for any operation shall include the total system response capabilities to minimize the consequences of accidents or natural disaster and shall consider communications, rescue, first aid, medical, emergency response, emergency equipment, and training requirements.

01.E.03 The number of persons permitted in any location shall be limited to rescue and escape capability.

01.E.04 Emergency alert systems shall be developed, tested, and used to alert all persons likely to be affected by existing or imminent disaster conditions and to alert and summon emergency responders.

01.E.05 Emergency telephone numbers and reporting instructions for ambulance, physician, hospital, fire, and police shall be conspicuously posted at the work site.

01.E.06 Employees working alone in a remote location or away from other workers shall be provided an effective means of emergency communications. This means of communication could include a cellular phone, two-way radios, hard-line telephones or other acceptable means. The selected communication must be readily available (easily within the immediate reach) of the employee and must be tested prior to the start of work to verify that it effectively operates in the area/environment. An employee check-in/check-out communication procedure shall be developed to assure employee safety.

01.F EMERGENCY RECOVERY OPERATIONS.

01.F.01 In addition to the other pertinent parts of this manual, Civil Emergency Recovery Operations shall be conducted in accordance with Appendix B for both USACE and Contractor activities.

SECTION 2

SANITATION

02.A GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

02.A.01 Employers shall establish and maintain basic sanitation provisions for all employees in all places of employment as specified in the following paragraphs.

02.B DRINKING WATER

02.B.01 An adequate supply of drinking water shall be provided in all places of employment. Cool water shall be provided during hot weather.

a. Drinking water shall be provided at continental United States (CONUS) fixed facilities according to the requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended, and all applicable Federal, State, and local regulations. Refer to the most current version of 40 CFR 141 and 40 CFR 143, for updates to the national drinking water regulations. Refer to individual State and local regulations, as applicable, for updates in those regulations. CONUS facilities classified as suppliers of water--

(1) Must comply with substantive and procedural requirements pursuant to 40 CFR 141;

(2) Must meet any State and local regulations that are more stringent than the Federal regulations; and

(3) Shall ensure that the sanitary control and surveillance of water supplies and that the chlorination and fluoridation are conducted according with applicable guidelines.

b. Drinking water at military outside continental United States (OCONUS) fixed facilities shall be provided in compliance with country-specific Final Governing Standards (FGS) or, in the absence of FGS, the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) as outlined in the Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document (OEBGD) (Department of Defense Instruction (DODI) 4715.5-G).

In addition, the sanitary control and surveillance of water supplies and the chlorination and fluoridation shall be conducted…