Bridge_Inspection_Rpt_STR_5460-214P.pdf

BRIDGE INSPECTION REPORT

BRIDGE #2

FOOTHILLS PARKWAY OVER RAVINE

GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK

LW

STRUCTURE NO. 5460-214P

INSPECTION TYPE: ROUTINE

INSPECTION DATE: 5/13/14

Report prepared by: NS

Federal Highway Administration Federal Lands Bridge Office Bridge Inspection and Management Program 21400 Ridgetop Circle Sterling, Virginia 20166 http://www.efl.fhwa.dot.gov/FLHBO/BIP http://www.efl.fhwa.dot.gov/FLHBO/BIP

STRUCTURE SUMMARY STRUCTURE NO. 5460-214P

BRIDGE #2 INSPECTION DATE: 5/13/14

BRIDGE IDENTIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION

MAIN SPAN MATERIAL:

MAIN SPAN TYPE:

# OF BEAMS, MAIN SPAN: ..

DECK TYPE:

WEARING SURFACE:

ABUT. FOUNDATIONS:

PIER FOUNDATION(S):

ABUTMENT / PIER MAT'L: ...

PROJ./PLAN REF. NO:

NPS ROAD CLASS:

STRUCTURE HISTORY:

P/S CONCRETE CONTINUOUS

SEGMENTAL BOX GIRDER

CONCRETE PRECAST PANELS

MODIFIED CONCRETE

SPREAD FOOTING ON PILES

SPREAD FOOTING ON PILES

CONCRETE

PRA-FOOT 8E17 / 133/100030

6 - RESTRICTED

NO. OF MAIN SPANS:

NO. OF APPR. SPANS:

STRUCT. TOTAL LENGTH: ..

MAX. SPAN LENGTH:

DECK WIDTH:

CURB TO CURB WIDTH:

YEAR BUILT:

YEAR RECONSTRUCTED: ..

SKEW ANGLE:

FRACTURE CRITICAL:

790.0 FT (240.8 M)

180.0 FT (54.9 M)

36.8 FT (11.2 M)

34.0 FT (10.4 M)

N/A

0 °

NO

LOCATION

GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK MILE POINT: ..................... 28.00 (KM PT 45.06)

STATE: ................................. TENNESSEE LOCATION: 3.0 miles west of Route 321

FACILITY CARRIED: ............ FOOTHILLS PARKWAY

FEATURE INTERSECTED: .. RAVINE

STRUCTURE EVALUATION SUMMARY

This post-tensioned segmental box girder bridge is in good condition overall. However there are some issues that require attention. These problems include cracking and delamination of the wearing surface along both curbs and along the center line; erosion exposing the south side of the west abutment footing, and water leakage through some railing posts, as evidenced by water stains on the deck overhangs. In addition, several segment joints of the box are exhibiting leakage and should be sealed with epoxy.

Corrective measures should be taken as outlined in this report to prevent the possible development of more serious or costly problems in the future.

INSPECTION TEAM: C. CASTRO, H. SALAD

CONDITION ASSESSMENT:

CARLOS CASTRO, P.E., FIELD TEAM LEADER 571-434-1546

REPORT REVIEW :

MARCUS MILLER, P.E., SENIOR INSPECTION ENGINEER 703-404-6252

REPORT APPROVAL: DATE: 9/30/14

JORGOMAI CEESAY, PH.D., P.E., BIP SUPERVISORY ENGINEER 703-404-6244

RECOMMENDATIONS AND ESTIMATED COSTS STRUCTURE NO. 5460-214P

A (Critical) - Structure is closed, in imminent danger of collapse, or presents a critical safety hazard.

B (Major) - Structure is seriously deficient or presents a safety hazard, but can remain in service at reduced loads or with frequent inspections.

C (Moderate) - Structure is deficient, functionally obsolete, or requires substantial repairs to prevent a serious deficiency or unsafe condition.

D (Minor) - Structure is generally in good condition. Preventative maintenance may be required.

E (Special) - Structure is under construction or reconstruction.

D226 PRIORITY OF IMPROVEMENT

ITEM

NO.

MAINTENANCE RECOMMENDATIONS

(GENERALLY NOT FLHP ELIGIBLE)

QTY. UNIT COST

UNIT

ESTIMATE

COST

PRELIM.

59.1 SEAL (EPOXY INJECT) ALONG JOINT BETWEEN SEGMENTS OF BOX GIRDER AS

NECESSARY.

1 LS $ $

58.6 REPAIR ONGOING LEAKAGE THRU RAIL POST ANCHORAGE AS NECESSARY. 1 LS $ $

60.5,9 PROVIDE EROSION TREATMENT ON SLOPE AT SOUTH END OF WEST ABUTMENT. 1 LS $ $

58.2 PERIODICALLY REMOVE DEBRIS AND CLEAN EXPANSION JOINTS. 1 LS $ $

PRELIM. MAINTENANCE TOTAL : $

ITEM

NO.

REHABILITATION/RECONSTRUCTION

(TYPICALLY NEEDED WITHIN 5 YEARS)

QTY. UNIT

UNIT

COST ESTIMATES

PRELIM. COST

REHAB. RECONSTR.

58.3 REPAIR DELAMINATION OF WEARING SURFACE THROUGHOUT. 1 LS $ $ $

PRELIM. REHABILITATION/RECONSTRUCTION TOTAL : $ $

COST ESTIMATE SUMMARY

PRELIM. MAINTENANCE TOTAL:

PRELIM. REHABILITATION TOTAL:

PRELIM. RECONSTRUCTION TOTAL: ..

TOTAL ITEMIZED COSTS:

PRELIMINARY ESTIMATE TOTAL* :

(*Includes typical contract costs for mobilization, traffic control, and design/construction engineering; but does not include detour bridges, work beyond the bridge limits, or work not listed above. Estimates are approximate and are for preliminary planning purposes only; they should not be used as a complete or final engineers estimate.)

REMARKS: No cost estimates provided because the bridge is still under warranty.

FIELD INSPECTION REPORT STRUCTURE NO. 5460-214P

G = GOOD (CODES 7 - 9) F = FAIR (CODES 5 - 6) P = POOR (CODES 0 - 4)

CONDITION RATING CODE EQUIVALENTS FOR SUB-ELEMENTS

SERIOUS CONDITION - loss of section, deterioration, spalling, or scour have seriously affected primary structural components. Local failures are possible.

Fatigue cracks in steel or shear cracks in concrete may be present.

CRITICAL CONDITION - advanced deterioration of primary structural elements. Fatigue cracks in steel or shear cracks in concrete may be present or scour may have removed substructure support. Unless closely monitored it may be necessary to close the structure until corrective action can be taken.

“IMMINENT” FAILURE CONDITION - major deterioration or section loss present in critical structural components or obvious vertical or horizontal movement affecting structure stability. Structure is closed to traffic but corrective action may return structure to light service.

FAILED CONDITION - out of service; beyond corrective action.

CONDITION RATING CODES FOR ITEMS 58 - 62, 222, 223

NOT APPLICABLE

EXCELLENT CONDITION

VERY GOOD CONDITION - no problems noted.

GOOD CONDITION - some minor problems.

SATISFACTORY CONDITION - structural elements show some minor deterioration.

FAIR CONDITION - all primary structural elements are sound but may have minor section loss, cracking, spalling, or scour.

POOR CONDITION - advanced section loss, deterioration, spalling, or scour.

N

58. DECK

ITEM REFERENCE AND REMARKS

OTHER

ALIGNMENT

DEFLECTION AND/OR VIBRATION

FASCIA(E)

DIAPHRAGMS AND BRACING

TRUSSES

FLOOR BEAMS AND STRINGERS

ARCH(ES) OR SLAB(S)

GIRDERS OR BEAMS

BEARING DEVICES

59. SUPERSTRUCTURE

OTHER

DEFLECTION AND/OR VIBRATION

UTILITIES

DRAINS AND DRAINAGE

PARAPETS AND/OR RAILINGS

CURBS, SIDEWALKS, AND MEDIAN

RIDEABILITY

WEARING SURFACE

EXPANSION JOINTS

DECK SLAB

ABUTMENTS

60. SUBSTRUCTURE

1.

10.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

9.

8.

7.

6.

5.

4.

3.

2.

1.

PAINT

11.

G G N N N G N N G

N F

F G G G G N

N

G

G

G

58.1 MINOR CRACKING OF DECK OVERLAY AT RANDOM LOCATIONS.

58.2 GRAVEL AND DEBRIS ACCUMULATION IN EXPANSION JOINTS.

58.3 MODIFIED CONCRETE WEARING SURFACE. APPROXIMATELY 600

SQFT AREA OF CRACKING WITH DELAMINATION ALONG

CENTERLINE AT 240' FROM EAST END. UP TO 10'L X 18"W AREAS

OF DELAMINATION ALONG BOTH CURBS.

58.5 HAIRLINE SHRINKAGE CRACKING THROUGHOUT CURB; SOME WITH

MINOR EFFLORESCENCE.

58.6 ACTIVE WATER LEAKAGE THROUGH BASE OF SOME RAIL POSTS

AND HARDWARE AT UNDERSIDE OF BRIDGE OVERHANG.

59.2 MODERATE WATER LEAKAGE IN SPAN #4 AT CLOSURE POUR

BETWEEN SEGMENTS 4-10D AND 3-10U, EAST WALL. MINOR

WATER LEAKAGE AT JOINTS OF SEGMENTS 2-10U; SPAN #3 AND AT

3-9U, WEST WALL; SPAN #4. SEVERAL SEGMENT JOINTS NEAR

PIER #3 IN SPAN #4 HAVE OPENED. LARGEST OPENING IS 0.060" AT

BOTTOM BETWEEN SEGMENTS 3-2U AND 3-3U. (NOT VERIFIED IN

THIS INSPECTION).

60.5,9 4'H X 5'L X4'W EXPOSED WEST ABUTMENT FOOTING DUE TO

EROSION.

BREASTWALLS OR COLUMNS1. G

PILE BENTS2. N

CAPS AND/OR BEARING SEATS3. G

BACKWALLS AND/OR BULKHEADS4. G

FOUNDATIONS5. (PILES) G

WINGWALLS6. G

WEEP HOLES7. G

EXPANSION JOINTS8. G

EROSION AND/OR SCOUR9. G

SETTLEMENT OR DEFLECTION10. F

SLOPE PROTECTION11. G

OTHER 12. N

PIER(S)

WALLS AND/OR COLUMNS 13. G

PILE BENTS14. N

CAPS AND/OR BEARING SEATS15. G

FOUNDATIONS16. (PILES) G

EROSION AND/OR SCOUR17. G

SETTLEMENT OR DEFLECTION18. G

OTHER 19. N

222.4 MINOR CRACKING OF WEARING SURFACE AT APPROACHES.

9. STREAM BED COMPOSITION :

222. APPROACHES 7

OTHER 9.

ALIGNMENT 8.

SIGNS7.

SETTLEMENT 6.

EROSION5.

SURFACING4.

APPROACH GUARDRAIL 3.

2. RELIEF JOINTS

APPROACH SLABS1. G

N N G G G N N N

223. RETAINING WALL N

OTHER 6.

SETTLEMENT OR DEFLECTION5.

EROSION AND/OR SCOUR4.

FOUNDATION3.

WEEP HOLES2.

1. WALL

36. TRAFFIC AND SAFETY FEATURES

APPROACH GUARDRAIL ENDSD.

APPROACH GUARDRAILSC.

TRANSITIONSB.

BRIDGE RAILINGSA.

N N N

TRAFFIC SAFETY RATING CODES

N

Does not meet standards or a safety feature is required and none is provided.

Meets currently acceptable standards.

Not applicable or a safety feature is not required.

INSPECTION DATE: 5/13/14

STRUCTURE NO. 5460-214P FIELD INSPECTION REPORT

BRIDGE #2

ITEM REFERENCE AND REMARKS

AVERAGE CLEAR OPENING 8.

7. NORMAL VELOCITY

ADEQUACY OF OPENING 6.

5. OTHER

4. WATERWAY OBSTRUCTIONS

CHANNEL PROTECTION3.

EROSION AND/OR SCOUR2.

ALIGNMENT1.

61. CHANNEL N

STRUCTURE LOAD RATING STRUCTURE NO. 5460-214P

TRUCK TYPE

INVENTORY RATING (NORMAL TRAFFIC) OPERATING RATING (MAXIMUM LOAD)

TONS METRIC TONS TONS METRIC TONS

H

HS

TYPE 3

TYPE 3S2

TYPE 3-3

DESIGN LOADING:

X CAPACITY MEETS OR EXCEEDS DESIGN LOAD

CAPACITY IS LESS THAN DESIGN LOAD

ORIGINAL LOAD RATING CALCULATION APPLICABLE

ORIGINAL LOAD RATING CALCULATION REVISED

DATE OF LOAD RATING CALCULATION:

LOAD RATING CONTROLLED BY:

REMARKS:

STRUCTURE INVENTORY AND APPRAISAL STRUCTURE NO. 5460-214P

STRUCTURE IDENTIFICATION

(201) PARK: GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK

(202) STRUCTURE NAME: .......... BRIDGE #2

(203) STRUCTURE KIND: ............ 1 - BRIDGE

(204) STRUCTURE NUMBER: ..... 5460-214P

(205) NPS REGION: .................... 4 - SOUTHEAST

(206) ROUTE CODE NUMBER: ... 0

(207) ROAD SECTION NO: .......... 214P

(208) NPS ROAD CLASS: ............ 6 - RESTRICTED

(209) WITHIN NPS BNDRY?: ....... YES

(210) OPERATING UNIT: ............. PARK

(211) PROJECT NO(S): ................ PRA-FOOT 8E17

(212) DRAWING NUMBERS: ....... 133/100030

(21) MAINTAINED BY: ................. 66 - NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

(22) OWNER: ............................... 66 - NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

(1) STATE:

(2) STATE HWY. AGENCY DIST:

(3) COUNTY CODE:

(4) CITY/PLACE CODE:

(5) INVENTORY ROUTE:

(6) FEATURES INTERSECTED:

(7) FACILITY CARRIED:

(8) STATE STRUCTURE NO:

(9) LOCATION:

(10) INV. RTE. - MIN. VERT. CLR: ..

(11) MILE POINT:

(27) YEAR BUILT:

(106) YEAR RECONSTRUCTED:

(20) TOLL:

(37) HISTORICAL DESIGNATION: ..

474 - TENNESSEE (TN)

155 - SEVIER

161000000

RAVINE

FOOTHILLS PARKWAY

5460214P0000000

3.0 miles west of Route 3

99.99 FT (99.99 M)

28.00 (KM PT 45.06)

N/A

3 - FREE ROAD

5 - NOT ELIGIBLE

STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION, FOUNDATION, AND DECK TYPE

(43A) MAIN STR. MATERIAL: ..

(43B) MAIN STR. TYPE:

(45) NO. OF MAIN SPANS:

(48) MAX. SPAN LENGTH:

(49) STRUCTURE LENGTH:

(216A) ABUTMENT #1 FDN:

(216B) ABUTMENT #2 FDN:

(217A) PREDOM. PIER FDN.: ..

(217B) SECOND. PIER FDN: ...

(107) DECK TYPE:

6 - P/S CONCRETE CONTINUOUS

21 - SEGMENTAL BOX GIRDER

180.0 FT (54.9 M)

790.0 FT (240.8 M)

3 - SPREAD FOOTING ON PILES

3 - SPREAD FOOTING ON PILES

3 - SPREAD FOOTING ON PILES

6 - N/A

2 - CONCRETE PRECAST PANELS

(44A) APPR. STR. MATERIAL: ........ 0 - OTHER

(44B) APPR. STR. TYPE: ................ 00 - OTHER

(46) NO. OF APPROACH SPANS: .. 0

(108) WEAR SURFACE/PROTECT SYSTEM:

A) TYPE WEARING SURFACE: .. 3 - MODIFIED CONCRETE

B) TYPE MEMBRANE: ................. 0 - NONE

C) TYPE PROTECTION: .............. 0 - NONE

(218) IS SALT USED?: ..................... NO

LOAD RATING AND POSTING

(31) DESIGN LOAD: ................. (41) LOAD RESTRICTION: ......... G - NEW STRUCTURE, NOT OP

(66) INVENTORY RATING: ...... (70) BRIDGE POSTING: .............. 5 - NO POSTING REQUIRED

(64) OPERATING RATING:

INSPECTION DATES

(90) INSPECTION DATE: 5/14 (91) FREQ. OF INSP: 24 MONTHS (92 / 93) CRITICAL FEATURE INSPECTION (CFI):

(219) ADD. STUDIES NEEDED: N - 0 - NONE (A) FRACTURE CRITICAL: ... NO

INSP. EVERY: MONTHS - LAST INSP. : (220) SPECIAL STUDY TYPE: 0 - NONE

(B) UNDERWATER: .............. NO

(221) SPECIAL STUDY DATE: INSP. EVERY: MONTHS - LAST INSP. :

(C) SPECIAL INSPECTION: .. NO

INSP. EVERY: MONTHS - LAST INSP. :

STRUCTURE INVENTORY AND APPRAISAL STRUCTURE NO. 5460-214P

GEOMETRY, TRAFFIC, AND NAVIGATIONAL DATA

(16) LATITUDE: ............................. (51) CURB TO CURB WIDTH: ........... 34.0 FT (10.4 M)

(17) LONGITUDE: ......................... (52) DECK WIDTH: ............................ 36.8 FT (11.2 M)

(19) DETOUR LENGTH: ............... 0 MI (0 KM) (32) APPR. ROADWAY WIDTH:

(28A) LANES ON STRUCT: .......... 02 (213) APPR. PAVEMENT WIDTH:

(28B) LANES UNDER STRUCT: ... 00 LEFT SHOULDER:

(42A) SERVICE ON: ..................... 1 - HIGHWAY RIGHT SHOULDER:

(42B) SERVICE UNDER: .............. 0 - OTHER (33) BRIDGE MEDIAN: ....................... 0 - NO MEDIAN

(29) AVG. DAILY TRAFFIC: .......... 1 (34) SKEW ANGLE: ............................ 0 °

(30) YEAR OF ADT: ...................... 2012 (35) DECK FLARE?: ........................... NO

(114) FUTURE ADT: ..................... 1 (47) TOTAL HORIZ. CLEARANCE: .... 34.0 FT (10.4 M)

(115) YEAR OF FUTURE ADT: ..... 2032 (50) SIDEWALKS:

(101) PARALLEL STRUCTURE: ... N - NONE LEFT : ...................................... 0.0 FT (0.0 M)

(38) NAVIGATION CONTROL?: ... 0 RIGHT : ................................... 0.0 FT (0.0 M)

(39) VERTICAL CLEARANCE: ...... 0.0 FT (0.0 M) (214) BRIDGE RAIL TYPE:

(40) HORIZ. CLEARANCE: ........... 0.0 FT (0.0 M) RAIL CONFIGURATION: ......... 1 - FULL HEIGHT (NO PARAPE

(111) ABUT. OR PIER PROT: ....... MATERIAL: .............................. 4 - STEEL

DESIGN TYPE: ........................ 1 - CONTINUOUS RAIL

LATERAL UNDERCLEARANCE:

(55) RIGHT: ....................... 0.0 FT (0.0 M) (215) BRIDGE RAIL HEIGHT: ............ 3.00 FT (0.91 M)

(56) LEFT: ......................... 0.0 FT (0.0 M) (53) MIN. VRT. CLEAR. OVER DECK: 99.99 FT (99.99 M)

(54) MIN. VRT. UNDERCLEARANCE: 0.00 FT (0.00 M)

CONDITION AND APPRAISAL DATA, PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS, AND COST

(58) DECK:

(59) SUPERSTRUCTURE:

(60) SUBSTRUCTURE:

(61) CHANNEL: .......................... N

(62) CULVERT: ........................... N

(222) APPROACHES:

(223) RETAINING WALL: ........... N

(36) TRAFFIC SAFETY FEAT: ...

(75A) TYPE OF WORK:

(75B) WORK DONE BY:

(76) IMPROVEMENT LENGTH: ..

(67) STRUCTURAL EVALUATION:

(68) DECK GEOMETRY:

(69) UNDERCLEARANCES:

(71) WATERWAY ADEQUACY:

(72) APPROACH ALIGNMENT:

(113) SCOUR CRITICAL:

(225) PURPOSE OF IMPROVEMENT:

(226) PRIORITY OF IMPROVEMENT:

(227) MAINTENANCE COST:

(228) REHAB./RECONSTR. COST: ...

(229) CONSTRUCTION COST:

N

N - Not over waterway.

2 - REHAB/RECONSTRUCTION

D - MINOR

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

(230) STRUCTURE HISTORY:

(231) ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS:

KEY and/or COMBINATION REQUIRED TO ACCESS THIS PORTION OF THE FOOTHILLS PARKWAY UNTIL ROAD IS OPEN TO THE

PUBLIC. KEY ALSO REQUIRED TO GAIN ACCESS TO INTERIOR OF BOX GIRDER.

(330) ADDITIONAL CONFIG. INFO.:

APPENDIX STRUCTURE NO. 5460-214P

PHOTOGRAPHS STRUCTURE NO. 5460-214P

PHOTO #1 - LOOKING EAST

PHOTO #2 - SOUTH SIDE

PHOTO #3 - GENERAL TOP SIDE VIEW

LOOKING WEST, NEAR EAST END

PHOTO #4 - DELAMINATION ALONG CRACKING

OF DECK SURFACE, APPROXIMATELY 220'

FROM EAST END

PHOTO #5 - CRACKING OF WEARING SURFACE AT EAST SPAN NEAR

EAST END

PHOTO #6 - DELAMINATION ON SPOTS ALONG BOTH CURBS; NOTE

ALSO TYPICAL VERTICAL CRACKING WITH EFFLORESCENCE OF

CONCRETE CURBS, SOUTH CURB NEAR EAST END SHOWN

PHOTO #7 - TYPICAL DEBRIS ACCUMULATION

IN EXPANSION JOINTS, JOINT OVER EAST

ABUTMENT SHOWN

PHOTO #8 - STEEL PLATE UTILIZED FOR

PROTECTION AGAINST CONSTRUCTION

TRAFFIC OVER WEST EXPANSION JOINT AT

WEST END

PHOTO #9 - TYPICAL CONDITIONS OF RAIL POSTS; NOTE RUBBER PAD

AT BASE OF POST

PHOTO #10 - TRANSVERSE CRACKING ON APPROACH SLAB NEAR

EAST END

PHOTO #11 - GENERAL UNDERSIDE VIEW

FROM SPAN #1, LOOKING WEST

PHOTO #12 - UNDERSIDE VIEW OF SPAN #4,

LOOKING EAST

PHOTO #13 - TYPICAL OVERHANG CONDITION,

NORTH OVERHANG ON SPAN #1 SHOWN

PHOTO #14 - TYPICAL WATER STAINING FROM

ACTIVE WATER LEAKAGE THROUGH RAILING

ANCHORAGE

PHOTO #15 - GENERAL VIEW OF EAST ABUTMENT; NOTE RIPRAP FOR

SLOPE PROTECTION

PHOTO #16 - NORTH BEARING AT EAST ABUTMENT, TYPICAL

PHOTO #17 - ACCESS TO BOX GIRDER NEAR

EAST ABUTMENT

PHOTO #18 - UNDERSIDE VIEW OF WEST

DECK EXPANSION JOINT ASSEMBLY

PHOTO #19 - WEST END OF BOX BEAM

PHOTO #20 - GENERAL VIEW OF WEST

ABUTMENT; NOTE SLOPE PROTECTION AT

ABUTMENT

PHOTO #21 - EROSION AT SOUTH END OF WEST ABUTMENT; NOTE

FOOTING EXPOSED ABOUT 4 FEET HEIGHT X 5 FEET LONG

PHOTO #22 - STEEP SLOPE AT SOUTH SIDE, WEST END SHOWN

PHOTO #23 - GENERAL VIEW OF PIER #1 EAST FACE

PHOTO #24 - ELASTOMERIC BEARING PADS ON PIER #1

PHOTO #25 - TYPICAL BASE OF PIER; NOTE

EXPOSED FOOTING

PHOTO #26 - GENERAL VIEW OF PIER #3;

NOTE RIPRAP PROTECTION AT SOUTH SIDE

PHOTO #27 - NORTHEAST WINGWALL

PHOTO #28 - TEMPORARY DRAINAGE PIPE

FROM ADJACENT CONSTRUCTION SITE

ALONG NORTHWEST WINGWALL

PHOTO #29 - EFFLORESCENCE AT

SOUTHEAST WINGWALL

PHOTO #30 - CLOGGED WEEP HOLE AT

SOUTHEAST WINGWALL