Attachment 30-FLETC OAO Integrated PestManagement Plan Updated 2018 - Copy (2).pdf

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PLAN

FOR THE

FEDERAL

LAW ENFORCEMENT

TRAINING CENTER

Office of Artesia Operations

(FLETC-OAO)

Artesia, New Mexico

Updated January 2018

NMDEP New Mexico Department of Environmental Protection

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

PAI pounds of active ingredient

PGP Pesticide General Permit

PMC Pest Management Consultant

PPE personal protective equipment

QAE Quality Assurance Evaluator

RBC red blood cell

RFA Request for Authorization

RPOM Real Property Operation and Maintenance

SDS Safety Data Sheet

SOW Statement of Work

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ADC Animal Damage Control

APHIS Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

MFR Code of Federal Regulations

CIS cholinesterase inhibiting substance

ESOH Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health

FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

FMO Facilities Management Officer

HPS Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

IPM Integrated Pest Management

IPMC IPM Coordinator

NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

January 2018

ES-1

Integrated Pest Management Plan

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is responsible for integrated pest management (IPM) at its facilities in compliance with applicable Federal, state and local laws and regulations, principally the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), and the New Mexico Department of Agriculture (MNDA) pesticide related regulations, Executive Orders, and interagency agreements.

The IPM plan applies to all of the facilities, activities, and individuals working, residing or otherwise conducting business on the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center Office of Artesia Operations (FLETC-OAO) Facility. This IPM plan will be implemented to the maximum extent possible. At no time will IPM operations be performed in such a manner as to cause harm to personnel or the environment. IPM responsibility begins with those individuals occupying or maintaining buildings or open space on DHS property. Nonchemical control efforts will be used to the maximum extent possible before pesticides are used. All pesticide or herbicide applications will be made by certified applicators only, either contractor or FLETC personnel. Pesticides and herbicides used on FLETC- OAO property must be approved by the FLETC Environmental Services Office (ESO), who also serves as the Facility IPM Coordinator (IPMC).

The mission of the FLETC is to “Train those who protect our Homeland”. On the Federal level, the FLETC provides well-trained law enforcement personnel. Additionally, the FLETC provides support to civil authorities under the direction of the DHS in the event of a natural, technological or man-made disaster or other domestic emergency.

The IPM plan for the FLETC-OAO describes the pest management requirements; outlines the resources necessary for surveillance and control; and describes the administration, safety, and environmental requirements of the program. The program utilizes state-certified Pesticide Applicators and other personnel which may be provided by contractors, local city or county personnel, or FLETC staff, as necessary to control pests. Pests addressed in the plan include rodents; cockroaches; bees and wasps;

spiders; termites; mosquitoes; ants; ticks; flies; fleas; lice; stored product pests; nuisance crawling insects, such as earwigs and silverfish; bagworms; gypsy mouth larvae; vertebrate pests, such as skunks, deer, raccoons, birds, and feral cats and dogs; broadleaf and grassy weeds; and noxious and nonnative weeds.

Without control, these pests could interfere with the training mission, damage real property and the environment, increase maintenance costs, and expose personnel to diseases.

Section 1 defines the purpose and objectives of the IPM plan, and the regulatory drivers for this plan.

Section 2 identifies the responsibilities of the FLETC hierarchy with respect to the IPM program.

Section 3 provides information on IPM principles and the priority of pest management.

Section 4 identifies human health and safety factors involved in IPM, both the threats and the guidelines for avoiding those threats.

Section 5 identifies environmental threats and environmental protection guidelines for the FLETC IPM program.

Section 6 provides program administrative information for the FLETC.

Section 7 provides information on IPM program reference materials.

ES-2

There are 13 appendices to the IPM plan. The electronic version of this plan contains a file for appendices that will need regular updating. Appendix A is the most significant to the FLETC IPM program, describing the control protocols for all major pests of the FLETC facility.

Other significant appendices include Appendix B which contains Pest Management Operations;

Appendix C provides Points of Contact, and the Facility Description; Appendix D provides the reporting forms that must be submitted for all pesticide and herbicide applications on FLETC properties; and Appendix G provides the guidelines for pesticide spill avoidance and cleanup.

This plan is a working document and will be continually updated to reflect actual IPM practices.

Appendix H provides a placeholder for annual updates recorded in errata sheets.

i

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PLAN

FLETC

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS......................................................... INSIDE FRONT COVER

SIGNATURE PAGE

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. ES-1

1. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................................. 1-1

1.2 AUTHORITY ............................................................................................................................ 1-1

1.3 PROGRAM OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................. 1-1

1.4 APPLICABILITY ....................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.5 PLAN MAINTENANCE .............................................................................................................. 1-1

1.6 FLETC OAO FACILIES ............................................................................................................ 1-1

2. RESPONSIBILITIES..................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 The Director, FLETC OAO .................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT COORDINATOR ................................................................. 2-1

2.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE EVALUATOR ........................................................................................ 2-2

2.4 Chief, Maintenance and Construction Branch ........................................................................ 2-2

2.5 CERTIFIED PEST MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL .......................................................................... 2-2

2.6 BUILDING OCCUPANTS ........................................................................................................... 2-3

3. INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................... 3-1

3.1 LAWS AND REGULATIONS ....................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.1 Federal and State Laws .............................................................................................. 3-1

3.2 IPM PRINCIPLES ...................................................................................................................... 3-2

3.3 PRIORITY OF PEST MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................... 3-3

3.3.1 Disease Vectors and Public Health Pests .................................................................... 3-5

3.3.2 Real Property Pests .................................................................................................... 3-6

3.3.3 Stored Products Pests ................................................................................................. 3-6

3.3.4 Nonnative, Nuisance, Quarantine, and Regulated Pests ............................................. 3-6

3.3.5 Ornamental Plant and Turf Pests and Undesirable Vegetation .................................... 3-6

3.3.6 Vertebrate Pests ......................................................................................................... 3-7

4. HEALTH AND SAFETY ............................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE OF PEST MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL ............................................. 4-1

4.2 HAZARD COMMUNICATION .................................................................................................... 4-2

4.3 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ...................................................................................... 4-2

4.4 FIRE PROTECTION ................................................................................................................... 4-2

4.5 PESTICIDE STORAGE ............................................................................................................... 4-2

4.6 PESTICIDE MIXING .................................................................................................................. 4-3

4.7 PESTICIDE APPLICATION ......................................................................................................... 4-3

4.8 PEST CONTROL VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 4-4

5. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS ..................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 PROTECTION OF THE PUBLIC ................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2 SENSITIVE AREAS ......................................................................................................................... 5-1

5.3 ENDANGERED AND PROTECTED SPECIES ................................................................................ 5-1

5.4 PESTICIDE SPILLS AND REMEDIATION .................................................................................... 5-1

5.5 POLLUTION PREVENTION ........................................................................................................ 5-1

5.6 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) .................................................. 5-2

5.7 Pesticide Containers…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5-2

5.8 Equipment Cleaning…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5-2

5.9 PROHIBITED ACTIVITIES ......................................................................................................... 5-2

5.10 Cultural Resources……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5-3

6. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION ..................................................................................................... 6-1

6.1 PEST MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS .......................................................................................... 6-1

6.2 WORK ORDERS ....................................................................................................................... 6-1

6.3 Pest Control CONTRACT ......................................................................................................... 6-1

6.4 REPORTS AND RECORDS ......................................................................................................... 6-2

6.5 TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION .............................................................................................. 6-2

6.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL ............................................................................ 6-3

6.7 DESIGN/REVIEW OF NEW CONSTRUCTION .............................................................................. 6-3

6.8 COORDINATION – FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL AGENCIES .................................................. 6-3 6.9

APPENDICES

A. Integrated Pest Management Strategies B. Pest Management Operations C. Points of Contact and Facility and Facilities Description D. Pest Management Records E. New Mexico State Pest Control Certification and Licensing F. Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Species G. Pesticide Spill Cleanup Management H. Annual Updates

TABLES

3-1. Priority of Pest Management Work for the FLETC ...............................................................................3-4 4-1. Symptoms of Cholinesterase Inhibiting Substances Poisoning .......................................................... 4-1

1. BACKGROUND

1.1 Purpose

This integrated pest management (IPM) plan is a framework through which pest management is defined and accomplished by the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, Office of Artesia Operations (FLETC- OAO). The plan identifies elements of the program including responsibilities; pest identification and pest management; health and environmental safety; and environmental considerations. This plan is to be used as a tool to reduce reliance on pesticides, to enhance environmental protection, to maximize the use of IPM techniques, and to meet regulatory requirements.

The purpose of this IPM Plan is to meet Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) - Section 136 of Title 7, United States Code, and New Mexico Department of Agriculture (MNDA) requirements pursuant to New Mexico Pesticide Control Act (76-4-1 through 39).

1.2 Authority

This IPM plan is written under the following authority of the Director, FLETC-OAO.

1.3 Program Objective

This plan provides guidance for operating and maintaining an effective IPM program. Principles of IPM are stressed in the plan. IPM consists of the judicious use of both chemical and nonchemical control techniques to achieve effective pest management with minimal environmental contamination. Adherence to the plan will ensure effective, economical, and environmentally acceptable pest management and will maintain compliance with pertinent laws and regulations.

1.4 Applicability

This plan and the requirements specified herein are applicable to all FLETC-OAO personnel, facilities, tenant agencies, trainers and contractors.

1.5 Plan Maintenance

The Administration Division, Master Plan and Construction Branch (MCB), Environmental Service Office (ESO) maintains this plan. While pen and ink changes are made to the plan throughout the fiscal year, it is reviewed and updated annually to reflect all the changes made in the pest management program during the fiscal year. Changes and annual updates of this plan will be sent to the FLETC Environmental Services Division (ESD), Glynco Georgia for review and approval not later than October 31 each year.

Documentation of these updates and ESD approval will be maintained in Appendix M.

1.6 FLETC - OAO Facilities

The FLETC – OAO, hereafter referred to as the Facility, manages approximately twenty-six hundred twenty (2620) acres of Government property including the Center, the firearms/driver training range “the Range” approximately four (4) miles from the Center, offsite warehouse locations: storage facility (National Guard warehouse) approximately one (1) miles from the Center, ABO School approximately one

(1) miles from the Center; and the off-site Land Management Training Program (LMTP) approximately eight (8) miles from the Center.

The Center has various buildings, such as office and classroom space both permanent and modular;

physical training areas with exercise equipment, shower and locker rooms; a sub-Olympic size indoor pool and recreational outdoor pool; dining hall; barber shop; post office; warehouses and storage buildings;

auditorium; multiple student dorms; running tracks; driving courses; four wheel drive course; indoor and outdoor shooting ranges.

2. RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1 The Director, FLETC OAO

The Director FLETC OAO is responsible for the following:

• Designate an IPMC for all pest management activities.

• Approve and support the pest management plan.

• Ensure that FLETC personnel performing pest control receive adequate training and achieve pest management certification (if required).

• Ensure that all pest management operations are conducted safely and have minimal impact on the environment.

2.2 Integrated Pest Management Coordinator

Following are the responsibilities of the IPMC:

• Function as the Facility Pest Management Coordinator.

• Update the IPM plan and submit changes yearly to the FLETC Glynco, Georgia ESD. Ensure that all references, methods and materials are up-to-date and that effective management of all pests is included. Any changes in pest management requirements will be incorporated into the plan during annual revisions.

• Review and approve pesticide purchases for use by government pesticide applicators. Approve pesticides to be used by contracted pesticide applicators. Ensure all pesticides used on DHS property are approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the NMDA.

• Maintain adequate records of pest management operations; see Appendix D, Pest Management Records of previous fiscal year pesticide use. For each application, this report must include product name, percent of active ingredient(s), volume used, pounds of active ingredient (PAI) used, and EPA and/or NMDA registration number; and indicate whether or not the product is a restricted use pesticide.

• Act as the Quality Assurance Evaluator (QAE) for contracted pest management operations.

• Coordinate with activities conducting pest surveillance or controlling pests to ensure all applicable information is recorded and reported as required by this plan.

• Function as a point-of-contact between those individuals who store and apply pesticides (e.g., facility management, pest-control contractors).

• Monitor certification and continuing pest management training for pesticide applicators at the Facility.

• Coordinate with local, state, and Federal agencies, as necessary, to conduct the Facility pest management program.

• Provide answers to questions concerning pest management from the director, other agency representatives, and interested regulatory agencies.

• Perform design and review of new construction projects to ensure that pest entry points and potential harborage have been eliminated and that, if necessary, proper preconstruction termite treatment is included in project specifications.

• Determine the pest management requirements for the Facility.

2.3 IPMC - Quality Assurance Evaluator

Following are the QAE responsibilities of the IPMC:

• The QAEs for pest management contracts must be familiar with categories for which pest control work is performed on the Facility.

• Provides onsite surveillance for all IPM operations, and provides the Contracting Officers

Representative (COR) with a written surveillance report for the work being performed by contractors.

2.4 Chief, Master Plan and Construction Branch

Following are the responsibilities of the Chief, MCB:

• Review the Facility IPM Plan.

• Coordinate with the IPMC, contracted pest controllers, and certified pest management personnel to ensure all applicable information is recorded and reported as required by this plan.

• Provide appropriate funding support for the pest management program through FLETC Minor Construction and Maintenance (MCM).

• Ensure that MCB or contract personnel obtain and maintain adequate supplies of pesticides and pesticide dispersal equipment, if required, and ensure that equipment is properly maintained.

• Ensure that MCB personnel performing pest control receive adequate training and achieve pest management certification (if required).

2.5 Certified Pest Management Personnel

Pest management personnel, both contracted and permanent employees, must adhere to the following:

• Use IPM Techniques to control pests on FLETC property.

• Possess state certification in all applicable EPA pesticide application categories.

• Control pests according to the provisions of this plan.

• Operate in a manner that minimizes risk of contamination to the environment and personnel.

• Ensure that facility managers are kept informed of changes in pest management requirements.

• Request pest management supplies and equipment in a timely manner and ensure appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) is available to support operations.

• Submit records of surveillance activity and control efforts to the ESO within 10 days of performing work see Appendix D, Pest Management Records, for the type and format of information required.

• Carry the necessary pesticide spill equipment on pest-control vehicles as appropriate.

• Conduct pest surveillance to determine if chemical application is needed. This saves money, minimizes the development of pesticide resistance, and protects the public and environment from the potential problems related to the overuse of pesticides.

• Maintain copies of Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) and Label Instructions for each pesticide.

2.6 Building Occupants

Following are the responsibilities of all building occupants:

• Apply good sanitary practices to prevent pest infestations.

• Use all nonchemical pest-control techniques as instructed in the IPM outlines before requesting further assistance from the FLETC IPMC, facility maintenance, or certified pest management personnel.

• Report pest concerns and complaints in a timely manner to managers, and assist with pest surveillance and monitoring as needed.

• Cooperate fully with contractors and the IPMC in scheduling pest management operations, to include preparing the areas to be treated.

3. INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

3.1 Laws and Regulations

3.1.1 Federal and State Laws

• The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) (7 United States Code [U.S.C.] 136 et seq.). Available online:

http://www.epa.gov/region5/defs/html/fifra.htm

• Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 2004 revision, Section 1910, Occupational Safety and Health Standards. Access to all of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations can be found at the following:

http://www.osha.gov/comp-links.html

• New Mexico Pesticide Control Act (76-4-1 through 39, NMSA). Available online:

http://www.nmda.nmsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/NM-Pesticide-Control-Act.pdf

3.2 IPM Principles

IPM is the judicious use of both nonchemical and chemical control to suppress or prevent pests from exceeding an acceptable population or damage threshold. Emphasis is placed on minimizing environmental disruption. IPM strategies depend on surveillance to establish the need for control and to monitor the effectiveness of management efforts. The four basic components of IPM are described in the following paragraphs, and are used to manage pests on the Facility. Specific IPM measures can be found in the IPM Outlines in Appendix A.

While any one of these methods can solve a pest problem, often several methods are used concurrently, particularly if long-term control is needed. For example, screens might be used to prevent mosquitoes from entering buildings, breeding areas might be filled in or drained to eliminate larval habitat, and pesticides might be used to kill adult mosquitoes. Screens will protect people inside, but do little to keep people from being bitten outdoors. Larval control might eliminate mosquito breeding on the Facility, but might not prevent adult insects from flying onto the Facility from surrounding areas. Chemicals can kill most of the flying mosquitoes during a given time period, but might miss others. Although chemical control is an integral part of IPM, nonchemical control is stressed. Chemical control is generally an expensive, temporary fix, and in the long run it is more expensive than nonchemical control methods designed to prevent infestation. Nonchemical control, which initially might be more expensive than chemicals, will usually be more cost-effective in the long run. Nonchemical controls also have the added advantage of being nontoxic, thereby reducing the potential risk to human health and the environment.

• Mechanical and Physical Control. This type of control alters the environment in which a pest lives, traps and removes pests where they are not wanted, or excludes pests. Examples of this type of control include harborage elimination through caulking or filling voids, mechanical traps or glue boards, and screens and other barriers to prevent entry into buildings.

The majority of pest problems encountered by the Facility should be solved using mechanical control techniques.

Cultural Control. Strategies in this method involve manipulating environmental conditions to suppress or eliminate pests. Elimination of food and water for pests through good sanitary practices is the most important cultural control method employed under this plan. General cleanliness in buildings, especially break rooms and storage areas, can prevent pest populations http://www.epa.gov/region5/defs/html/fifra.htm http://www.osha.gov/comp-links.html http://www.nmda.nmsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/NM-Pesticide-Control-Act.pdf from becoming established or from increasing beyond a certain size.

• Biological Control. With this control strategy, predators, parasites, or disease organisms are used to control pest populations. Biological control agents can be a very successful part of a noxious weed control program. Sterile flies can be released to lower reproduction. Viruses and bacteria can be used which control growth or otherwise kill insects. Parasitic wasps can be introduced to kill eggs, larvae, or other life stages. Biological control could be effective alone, but is often used in conjunction with other types of control.

• Chemical Control. Pesticides kill living organisms. They can be used to control plants or animals. At one time, chemicals were considered to be the most effective control available, but pest resistance has rendered many pesticides ineffective. In recent years the trend has been to use pesticides with limited residual action. While this has reduced human exposure and lessened environmental impact, the cost of chemical control has risen due to requirements for more frequent application. Since personal protection and special handling and storage requirements are necessary with the use of chemicals, the overall cost of using chemicals as a sole means of control can be quite costly when compared with nonchemical control methods such as mechanical or cultural control. Chemical use in the Facility most commonly includes treatment for noxious weeds; other undesirable vegetation; and various insect pests such as ants, wasps, and bees, and pigeons.

3.3 Priority of Pest Management

Pest management requirements at the Facility vary considerably. Table 3-1 provides a list of major pest categories of possible concern at the Facility.

IPM outlines for pest surveillance and control for species of concern to the Facility are found in Appendix A. Each major pest or category of similar pests is addressed in a separate outline. New outlines will be added to Appendix A if additional pests at specific sites are encountered that require surveillance or control operations. Added outlines will be sent to the FLETC Glynco, Georgia ESD for approval.

These outlines do not identify all of the precautions and directions identified on pesticide product labels and SDS. Pesticide applicators are responsible for complying with current regulatory requirements, and for being familiar with and following all precautions and directions on the pesticide label and SDS of the chemical being used.

Table 3-1. Priority of Pest Management Work for the FLETC-OAO

Category Pest Notes

Public Health-Related Pests • Rats and mice

• Cockroaches

• Mosquitoes

• Wasps, Yellow Jackets, and

Hornets

• Spiders

• Ants

• Filth flies

• Ticks

• Lice

• Fleas

German and American

Black widow and brown recluse

Stored Products Pests • Pantry Moths

• Varies

Set pheromone traps to identify stored product pest.

Real Property Pests • Subterranean termites

Nonnative or Nuisance and Quarantined Pests

• House sparrow

• Crickets

• Earwigs

• Beetles

• Silverfish

Ornamental Plant and Turf Pests, and Undesirable and Noxious Vegetation

• Bagworms

• Broadleaf weeds

• Grassy Weeds

• Undesirable and Noxious

Vegetation

Memorials, Lawns, and Other Common Grassy Areas.

Utility Pole and Hydrant Bases, Sidewalks, Around Building Foundations, Parking Lots, and Fence Lines.

Vertebrate Pests • Deer

• Birds

• Feral cats and dogs

• Mammalian Wildlife Pests

• Snakes

Pigeons

Raccoons, Skunks, Tree squirrels, Opossums, Beaver, Gopher, Fox

3.3.1 Disease Vectors and Public Health Pests

The following text highlights pests that can pose a serious threat to public health or to real property.

Some of these pests can fall into multiple categories.

• Ticks. The tick populations in the region are minimal but remain a concern both as a nuisance and a disease threat. Students can be expected to encounter ticks during training. Edge habitats, such as where grassy fields meet stands of trees, bushes, and shrubs, are favorite places for deer to browse and mice to burrow or nest. These animals are commons hosts for ticks. Edge habitats are likely to be infested with ticks waiting for a passing host. Site-specific information can be obtained from local health authorities. Personnel conducting outdoor training activities can minimize tick exposure by wearing appropriate clothing, applying tick repellent and performing personal hygiene inspections (with bathing) upon return to dorms.

In general, chemical control of tick populations is not recommended. Stress should be placed on the use of personal protective measures followed by avoidance of tick habitat and habitat modification. Surveillance is necessary to determine the relative risk of exposure to tick borne diseases.

• Mosquitoes. Mosquito species found in the state have the potential to transmit several arboviral encephalitides (e.g., western equine and West Nile), dengue fever, and malaria. West Nile occurs in New Mexico, but the other listed diseases have occurred very rarely or not at all in New Mexico for years. Mosquitoes are a known problem around FLETC facilities, more specifically during rainy seasons.

A listing of mosquito species in a particular area, their habits, breeding sites, and the diseases they are capable of transmitting can usually be obtained from local, county, or state health departments. On FLETC this information is available from Health Unit or Safety personnel, or through public service bulletins form the Eddy County Department of Health.

Personnel conducting outdoor activities can minimize mosquito bites by wearing appropriate clothing and applying tick repellent. In general, chemical control of mosquitoes is not recommended. Stress should be placed on the use of personal protective measures.

• Spiders. Black widow spiders (Latrodectus mactans) are known to occur in New Mexico and frequent undisturbed places in warehouses, storage areas, holes, and around other buildings.

These spiders can produce painful bites and toxic reactions. Brown recluse spiders (Loxosceles reclusa) are found in New Mexico and pose a serious threat to personnel. The spiders are generally active at night. During the day they rest in undisturbed, dark, sheltered areas such as under rocks, woodpiles, and bark. They are frequently found in corners and crevices of buildings.

The brown recluse normally bites when pressure is applied to it. Painful bites can cause restlessness and fevers. The healing of bites can take several weeks to months.

• Bees and wasps. Bees and wasps are found throughout the region. The stings are painful and may cause allergic reactions in some people.

• Scorpions. Scorpions usually hide during the day and are active at night. The stings are painful and may cause allergic reactions in some people. They may be hiding under rocks, wood, or anything else lying on the ground. Some species may also burrow into the ground. Most scorpions live in dry, desert areas. However, some species can be found in grasslands, forests, and inside caves.

Personnel can prevent scorpion stings by wearing long sleeves and pants; wearing leather gloves; shaking out clothing or shoes before putting them on.

• Mice. Mice present a potential human health threat of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS).

This disease results from the inhalation of the aerosolized virus found in the feces and urine of rodents, particularly deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). Although this disease is relatively rare, the high fatality rate of 50 percent makes it important. Personnel who work in a closed space, stirring up dust where rodents are actively living or who handle mice and other small mammals should consult with Health Department or Safety personnel.

• Rattlesnakes. Rattlesnakes are found in the state. Although rarely encountered, these snakes are capable of causing serious illness or death. A variety of nonpoisonous snakes are found in the state; although non-venomous, their bites can be painful and could lead to secondary infection.

Snakes from unwanted areas are captured alive and relocated to other areas away from ongoing activities. Removal and relocation of snakes found in unwanted areas (e.g., under buildings) is occasionally required.

• Skunks, Raccoons, Foxes, and Bats. These animals can be infected with rabies. Since these animals can be found in or under Facility buildings, the disease potential should be recognized.

3.3.2 Real Property Pests

Subterranean Termites and Carpenter Ants. Termites cause damage to wooden buildings and other structures. Carpenter ants occasionally invade wooden structures, particularly where wet conditions exist.

Damage is kept to a minimum by early detection of termite presence during annual surveys of wooden structures. These surveys are conducted by facility managers, building occupants, and contracted pest controllers.

Birds. Birds roost in warehouses, range shelters, maintenance and other buildings and can damage equipment and supplies with their droppings. On occasion, bats also roost in structures.

3.3.3 Stored Products Pests

Food items located in dining facilities, break rooms, or in food storage facilities can become infested by stored food product pests. Most susceptible items are moved and consumed before infestations occur.

Infested foodstuffs are discarded.

3.3.4 Nonnative, Nuisance, Quarantine, and Regulated Pests

Birds roost in warehouses, aircraft hangars, and maintenance and other buildings and can damage equipment and supplies with their droppings. Birds requiring control include the starling, house sparrow, swallow, and pigeon.

There is no Quarantine Pest found in the southeast region of New Mexico.

Invasive plants are introduced species that have few, if any, natural controls in the United States and spread out of control. The FLETC supports the National Strategy for Invasive Plant Management. The three goals of this strategy are prevention, control, and restoration. Examples of invasive plants are provided in the New Mexico State University College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences Cooperative Extension Service booklet, Troublesome Weeds of New Mexico, 2010 which may be found at: http://www.nmda.nmsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/troublesome_weeds_nm.pdf

3.3.5 Ornamental Plant and Turf Pests and Undesirable Vegetation Weeds on firing ranges, around targets, along fence lines, on road shoulders, paved surfaces (including driving tracks) and other improved and unimproved areas could require control using appropriate http://www.nmda.nmsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/troublesome_weeds_nm.pdf herbicides. Herbicides should be applied directly to weeds to protect desirable vegetation and reduce contamination of natural resources. Some control of unwanted plants is done mechanically (e.g., mowing, string trimmers) or by using mulch materials around ornamental plants.

The use of native plants protects natural heritage and provides wildlife habitat. Native plant restoration can reduce the need for fertilizer, pesticides, and irrigation requirements because native plants are suited to the local ecosystem.

3.3.6 Vertebrate Pests

Mammalian Wildlife Pests. These animals, such as squirrels, skunks, beaver, gophers and groundhogs, can damage structures and cause considerable property damage for which an ongoing maintenance program is necessary.

Stray Dogs and Cats. These animals occasionally need to be captured at Facility sites and should be accomplished by pest management technicians, contracted pest management services, the Eddy County Sheriff Department Animal Control Division, or other local municipal animal control authorities.

4. HEALTH AND SAFETY

4.1 Medical Surveillance of Pest Management Personnel

All FLETC personnel who apply pesticides are included in a medical surveillance program. Medical surveillance for FLETC pesticide applicators is coordinated with the Health Department. The medical surveillance program consists of the following elements.

• An initial physical examination will be conducted to establish that the individual is physically capable of wearing a respirator (if required) and to establish a baseline red blood cell (RBC) cholinesterase level. This physical examination also includes liver and kidney function tests, a complete blood count, and a respiratory evaluation. A physical examination of the same scope as the initial examination is conducted annually.

• When cholinesterase-inhibiting substances (CISs) (e.g., carbamate or organophosphate insecticides) are applied on a regular basis, the RBC cholinesterase level will be monitored at least twice a year (before and after the summer spray season) and more frequently if CIS are heavily used or if the individual exhibits symptoms of CIS poisoning. Removal from work is instituted when the RBC cholinesterase level is depressed to 75 percent of the baseline level or less. Return to work is permitted when the level has returned to 80 percent or more of the baseline level. Table 4-1 provides a summary of symptoms of CIS poisoning.

• Pest management technicians who handle or otherwise come into contact with wild animals on FLETC sites may be required to receive rabies prophylaxis.

Table 4-1. Symptoms of Cholinesterase Inhibiting Substances Poisoning

Mild Poisoning Moderate Poisoning Severe Poisoning

Anorexia Nausea Diarrhea Headache Salivation Pinpoint, nonreactive pupils Dizziness Lacrimation Respiratory difficulty Anxiety Vomiting Pulmonary edema Tremors of tongue and eyelids Perspiration Heart block Weakness Abdominal cramps Cyanosis Miosis Slow pulse Loss of sphincter control Impairment of visual acuity Muscular tremors Convulsions

Coma

1. Contractors performing pest management services are responsible for their own medical examinations and rabies prophylaxis from private sources at their expense.

4.2 Hazard Communication

Pest management personnel are given hazard communication training, to include hazardous materials in the work place. Following initial hazard communication classes, additional training is given to new employees or when new hazardous materials are introduced into the work place.

SDSs for all pesticides and other toxic substances used in the pest management program shall be provided to the ESO for entry into the Facility Hazardous Material Management Programs (HMMP), Environmental Data Information System (EDIS). Copies of SDS copies shall be kept by the certified pest control supervisor and made available to all individuals who would have contact with these chemicals. Additionally, all personnel who work with these chemicals are informed of the potential hazards and trained in the use of PPE. Copies of SDSs shall also be kept on each pest-control vehicle for pesticides used that day.

4.3 Personal Protective Equipment

Approved masks, respirators, chemical-resistant gloves and boots, and protective clothing (as specified by applicable laws, regulations, or the pesticide SDS and label) must be provided to pesticide applicators and contract quality assurance personnel at the service provider expense. These items are used as required during the mixing and application of pesticides. Pesticide-contaminated protective clothing shall not be laundered at home. The clothing may laundered in a commercial facility with required waste water discharge permits. Severely contaminated clothing will not be laundered but is treated as pesticide-related waste and disposed of in accordance with current regulatory requirements. Contractors are responsible for providing these items and services to their employees at no additional expense to the government. General guidance for the proper use and maintenance of PPE can be found in Appendices B (Pest Management Operations) and G (Maintenance and Care of Respirators).

4.4 Fire Protection

The usual hazards presented by a fire are compounded in the case of a pesticide fire by the danger of pesticide poisoning and contamination. The IPMC will conduct pre-fire coordination with the Facility Safety Specialist and as appropriate with the Artesia Fire Department and other emergency officials when pesticides are stored in Facility buildings. This coordination will be formalized in a Facility pre-fire plan.

The pre-fire plans, if required shall be updated by the Facility Safety Specialist annually, or when changes occur in the amount or types of pesticides stored. A copy of this plan with annual updates is maintained by the IPMC. Copies of most current versions shall be provided to the local fire departments plus other emergency activities. In those facilities where minor amounts of pesticides are stored (e.g., aerosol insecticides, over-the-counter ant or cockroach baits), a pre-fire plan is not required; however, facility personnel must follow all SDS and label precautions which deal with the storage of the pesticides.

The pre-fire plan includes a pesticide inventory, storage area floor plan, list of evacuation routes, water runoff control plan, map of the surrounding area, emergency telephone numbers, medical assistance information, and provisions for safety briefings of appropriate personnel.

4.5 Pesticide Storage

All pesticides must be stored in buildings, or rooms within buildings, designated for this purpose. The pesticides must be stored in their original containers. The buildings and rooms must be kept locked when not in use. The outside of the storage area must be labeled to indicate that pesticides are stored within.

All pesticides must be segregated as to kind of pesticide during storage (e.g., insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Labels on all containers must be visible at all times. Pesticides must be stored in their original containers, and be stored in a manner that allows for the products acquired earliest to be used first (first in, first out).

The local Fire Department should be furnished with an inventory of the kinds and amounts of pesticides present at each storage or mixing location. This inventory must be updated at least annually, at the end of each calendar year by the IPMC.

4.6 Pesticide Mixing

Guidelines for pesticide mixing include the following:

• Only authorized, trained, and certified personnel shall handle and mix pesticides.

• Personnel mixing pesticides will use a back flow preventer to prevent contamination of the facility’s water source.

• Contractors will not dispose of empty pesticide containers on government property.

• All pesticides shall be mixed and applied in accordance with the label directions. The certified pest controller will determine what pesticide to use, what rate to use, and how it should be mixed and applied.

• Dispensing concentrates and mixing of all liquid pesticides must be done on a nonporous surface

(e.g., cement, asphalt).

• Any pesticide contamination on the skin must immediately be washed off with soap and water.

Contamination of the eyes must be flushed generously with water. After washing, the individual will secure immediate medical attention.

• Pesticide containers must be returned to their storage locations upon completion of mixing.

• When mixing liquid pesticides, the spray tank should be filled 1/3 to 1/2 full with the diluent, the pesticide shall be added, and the spray tank shall then be filled with diluent. All pesticide mixtures must be agitated.

4.7 Pesticide Application

Guidelines for pesticide applications include the following:

• Only authorized, trained, and certified personnel shall apply pesticides.

• Pesticide application must be carried out in accordance with the label directions of the pesticide used and the manufacturer’s operating instructions for the equipment used.

• Pesticide application operations shall be conducted as follows:

o Dry, granular pesticide application must be conducted when the wind speed is less than 5 miles per hour to prevent drift. An approved respirator must be worn whenever required by the pesticide label. The operator must wear a respirator when pesticide dust is a hazard.

o Outdoor liquid pesticide application must be conducted when the wind speed is less than 5 miles per hour to prevent drift. Approved respirators must be worn whenever required by the pesticide label.

For more details see Appendix B, Pesticide Management Operations

4.8 Pest Control Vehicles and Equipment

Whenever possible, pesticides are transported in a lockable storage compartment of an assigned vehicle.

Vehicles which have been used to transport pesticides are not used to transport food, medical supplies, or other sensitive items which, if contaminated, would adversely affect human health. Transportation of pesticides is accomplished using the vehicle assigned to the pest controller. Pesticides are never transported in the passenger compartment of any vehicle. In addition, care is taken to secure pesticides to prevent damage to the containers and spillage of the chemicals. At no time are pesticides to be left unsecured in the vehicle when unattended. A portable eye lavage and spill kit is carried in each pest control vehicle (required for all FLETC and contracted pest controllers).

Pest control equipment should be stored indoors whenever possible. Equipment such as sprayers, which are designed to store pesticides, should be stored on a mixing pad designed to contain leaks and potential spills.

5. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

5.1 Protection of the Public

Precautions are taken during pesticide application to protect the public. Pesticides are not applied outdoors when the wind speed exceeds 5 miles per hour. Whenever pesticides are applied outdoors, care is taken to make sure that any spray drift is kept away from individuals, including the applicator. Pesticide application indoors is accomplished by individuals wearing the proper personal protective clothing and equipment. At no time are personnel permitted in a treatment area during pesticide application unless they have met the medical monitoring standards and are appropriately protected.

5.2 Sensitive Areas

Special consideration must be given prior to conducting pest-control operations in sensitive areas that are identified on pesticide labels. No pesticides are applied directly to wetlands or water areas (e.g., lakes, rivers) unless its use is specifically approved on the label. In addition to aquatic and marine habitats, sensitive areas also include critical habitat to endangered, threatened, or rare flora or fauna species, and unique geological and other natural features.

5.3 Endangered and Protected Species

The IPMC periodically evaluates ongoing pest control operations and evaluates all new pest control operations to ensure compliance with the Endangered Species Act. No pest management operations are conducted that are likely to have a negative impact on endangered or protected species or their habitats without prior approval from the ESO. Protected migratory birds (which pose a threat or nuisance concern) can periodically occur in the FLETC properties. These species cannot be controlled without a permit from the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish.

See Appendix F for threatened or endangered species that have the potential to be present within the vicinity of the Facility lands. Facility personnel must review these lists to determine which species might be affected by pest management operations at their respective locations. Known locations of endangered or threatened species are placed on maps of respective areas and made available to those individuals, either FLETC or contract personnel, who are involved with outdoor pest control.

5.4 Pesticide Spills and Remediation

An adequate pesticide spill clean-up kit is maintained wherever pesticides are stored or used. Pesticide spill clean-up procedures, notification procedures, and a list of suggested components of a portable spill kit are provided in Appendix N of this plan. All pesticide spills shall be reported to the FLETC Security Office, IAW the FLETC Emergency Procedures Handbook, and to the ESO.

5.5 Pollution Prevention

The pest management program outlined in this plan complies, whenever possible, with Executive Order 12856 of August 3, 1993, Federal Compliance with Right-to-Know Laws and Pollution Prevention Requirements. The control of pests with pesticides is considered only after nonchemical control methods have been exhausted. IPM strategies, which stress nonchemical control, provide the basic framework of IPM program.

5.6 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Pesticide Application

Discharge Final Permit On October 31, 2011, the USEPA issued a final NPDES Pesticide General Permit (PGP) for point source discharges from the application of pesticides to waters of the United States. The Agency’s final PGP covers Operators that apply pesticides that result in discharges from the following use patterns: (1) mosquito and other flying insect pest control, (2) weed and algae control, (3) animal pest control, and (4) forest canopy…