72051421R00001 - Attachment J.5 - VRI IEE.pdf

USAID/COLOMBIA VENEZUELA RESPONSE AND INTEGRATION PROJECT

PIEE TEMPLATE VERSION 1.0

PROGRAMMATIC INITIAL

ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (PIEE)

PROJECT DATA

Project Name: Venezuela Response and Integration Project Geographic Location(s) (Country/Region): USAID/Colombia/LAC Amendment (Yes/No), if Yes indicate # (1, 2...): No Implementation Start/End Date (FY or M/D/Y): FY 2020 – FY 2025 If Amended, specify New End Date: N/A Solicitation/Contract/Award Number(s): N/A Implementing Partner(s): N/A Bureau Tracking ID: LAC-IEE-20-38 Tracking ID of Related RCE/IEE (if any): N/A Tracking ID of Other, Related Analyses: N/A

ORGANIZATIONAL/ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

Implementing Operating Unit(s):

(e.g. Mission or Bureau or Office)

Colombia Mission

Other Affected Operating Unit(s): N/A Lead BEO Bureau: LAC Funding Account(s) (if available): TBD Original Funding Amount: $200 million If Amended, specify funding amount: N/A If Amended, specify new funding total: N/A Prepared by: David Jackson Date Prepared: 3/24/2020

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE REVIEW DATA

Analysis Type: Environmental Examination Deferral Environmental Determination(s): Categorical Exclusion(s)

Negative Positive Deferred (per 22 CFR 216.3(a)(7)(iv)

IEE Expiration Date (if applicable): FY 2025 Additional Analyses/Reporting Required: Supplemental IEE EMMP/EMMR Climate Risks Identified (#): Low ___79__ Moderate ___7___ High ___3___ Climate Risks Addressed (#): Low ___79__ Moderate ___7___ High ___3___

THRESHOLD DETERMINATION AND SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

PROJECT SUMMARY

The Venezuela Response and Integration Project will stabilize receptor communities by increasing the capacity of public systems to residents and expand licit economic opportunities to make migrants productive community members. With the unrelenting influx of migrants fleeing economic and political hardship in Colombia, more are beginning to settle in Colombia’s growing urban areas and border towns. This sudden population growth is causing a strain and already limited education and public services and job opportunities. Currently Colombia has been relatively welcoming to migrants when compared with neighboring countries such as Peru, Ecuador, and Brazil. However, the Project recognizes the fragility of Colombia’s post-peace accord transition and possibility of additional strain from migration. Therefore, the Project will counter the potential growth of xenophobia and anti-migrant sentiment by strengthening public systems and increasing participation in the formal economy in receptor communities.

The Venezuela Response and Integration Project aims to achieve USAID/Colombia’s Country Development Cooperation Strategy (CDCS) 2020-2025, Special Objective 4 (SO 4): Stability in Areas Impacted by Immigration from Venezuela. The Project’s activities directly align with Intermediate Results (IRs) of SO 4: IR 4.1: Strengthened Public Systems and IR 4.2:

Increased Participation in the Formal Economy.

ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATIONS

Upon approval of this document, the determinations become affirmed, per Agency regulations

(22 CFR 216).

TABLE 1: ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATIONS

Program Area1 Categorical Exclusion Citation (if applicable)

Negative Determination

Positive Determination2

Deferral3

IR 4.1 Strengthened Public Systems Category of intervention 1:

Meetings, workshops and research

§216.2(c)(2)(iii) Analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings

Category of intervention 2:

Awareness Campaigns

§216.2(c)(2)(v) Document and information transfers

Category of intervention 3:

Research

§216.2(c)(2)(iii) Analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings

1 Program Area may include sector, DO/IR, components, categories of interventions, or tasks 2 Positive Determinations require preparation of a Scoping Statement and Environmental Assessment.

3 Deferrals must be cleared through an Amendment to this IEE or through an SIEE prior to implementation of any deferred activities.

Category of intervention 4:

Technical assistance

§216.2(c)(2)(i) Education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, etc.)

Category of intervention 5:

Training and/or capacity building

§216.2(c)(2)(i) Education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, etc.)

Category of intervention 6:

Direct health services delivery/provision of health services Category of intervention 7:

Child feeding

§216.2(c)(2)(viii) Programs involving nutrition, health care or population and family planning services except to the extent designed to include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, water supply systems, waste water treatment, etc.)

§216.2(c)(2)(xi) Programs of maternal or child feeding conducted under Title II of Pub. L. 480

Category of intervention 8:

Procurement, storage, management, and disposal of public health commodities Category of intervention 9:

Small scale rehabilitation of facilities/infrastructure IR 4.2: Increased participation in the formal economy Category of intervention 1:

Meetings, workshops and research

§216.2(c)(2)(iii) Analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings

Category of intervention 2:

Awareness Campaigns

§216.2(c)(2)(iii) Analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings

Category of intervention 3:

Research

§216.2(c)(2)(iii) Analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings

Category of intervention 4:

Technical assistance

§216.2(c)(2)(i) Education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, etc.)

Category of intervention 5:

Training and/or capacity building

§216.2(c)(2)(i) Education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, etc.)

Category of intervention 6:

Support to intermediate credit institutions

§216.2(c)(2)(x) Support for intermediate credit institutions when the objective is to assist in the capitalization of the institution or part thereof and when such support does not involve reservation of the right to review and approve individual loans made by the institution

Category of intervention 7:

Support to ventures and entrepreneurships

§216.2(c)(2)(i) Education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, etc.)

CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT

The Venezuela Response and Integration Project will stabilize receptor communities by increasing the capacity of public systems to serve residents and expand licit economic opportunities to make migrants productive community members. These activities are identified mainly as low and high risks in terms of climate risk management. Activities related with: a) small scale management of medical waste or healthcare commodities; b) procurement and storage, of public health commodities; c) support to ventures and entrepreneurships; and d) small scale rehabilitation of facilities/infrastructure, are identified as high risk due to the vulnerability level to ensure climate resilient activities in Colombia. Colombia presents extreme events that vary from droughts to floods and from monotonous to flat areas, where erosion, landslides and other risks may occur.

The activity is not expected to generate any significant greenhouse gas emissions. Ongoing monitoring will ensure that implementation of project activities does not increase greenhouse emissions. Please find in Annex 1 the Climate Risk Management for the project.

Please find the Climate Risk Management in Section 4.2 the project and the illustrative mitigation measures that will address the main climate risks identified. The mitigation measures presented in this section constitute the minimum required based on available information at the time of this PIEE. These measures shall provide general direction for completing the activity Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) and/or the EA and PERSUAP, if required.

BEO SPECIFIED CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL

No additional conditions were identified.

IMPLEMENTATION

In accordance with 22 CFR 216 and Agency policy, the conditions and requirements of this document become mandatory upon approval. This includes the relevant limitations, conditions and requirements in this document as stated in Sections 3, 4, and 5 of the IEE and any BEO Specified Conditions of Approval.

USAID APPROVAL OF PROGRAMMATIC INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL

EXAMINATION

PROJECT NAME: Venezuela Response and Integration Project

Bureau Tracking ID: LAC-IEE-20-38

Approval:

Lawrence J. Sacks, Mission Director Date

Clearance:

Martha Aponte, Deputy Mission Director Date

Clearance:

Elisa Zogbi, Venezuela Response and Integration Office Director Date

Clearance:

Maria Elena Santana, Mission Environmental Officer MEO/CIL Date

Clearance:

Bethzaida Colon, Regional Environmental Advisor Date

Clearance:

Katherine Johnson, Regional Legal Officer Date

Concurrence:

Diana Shannon, Bureau Environmental Officer Date

DISTRIBUTION:

5/11/2020

5/4/2020

4/29/2020

4/20/2020

5/11/2020

4/22/2020

5/11/2020

Larry Sacks Digitally signed by Larry Sacks Date: 2020.05.11 12:46:40 -05'00'

Martha Aponte

Digitally signed by Martha Aponte Date: 2020.05.04 17:34:13 -05'00'

Elisa Zogbi Digitally signed by Elisa Zogbi Date: 2020.04.29 17:05:09 -05'00'

Maria Santana

Digitally signed by Maria Santana Date: 2020.04.20 10:14:44 -05'00'

BETHZAIDA

COLON (affiliate)

Digitally signed by BETHZAIDA COLON (affiliate) Date: 2020.05.11 17:13:24 -04'00'

Katie Johnson

Digitally signed by Katie Johnson DN: cn=Katie Johnson, o=USAID, ou=RLO/Colombia, email=katjohnson@usaid.gov, c=US Date: 2020.04.22 11:13:43 -06'00'

DIANA ELIZABETH

SHANNON (affiliate)

Digitally signed by DIANA ELIZABETH SHANNON (affiliate) Date: 2020.05.11 17:51:10 -04'00'

PROGRAMMATIC INITIAL

ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION

CONTENTS

1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE PROGRAMMATIC IEE 8

1.2 PROJECT OVERVIEW 8

1.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 8

2.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION

2.1 LOCATIONS AFFECTED AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT (ENVIRONMENT,

PHYSICAL, CLIMATE, SOCIAL, Threatened and ENDANGERED species) 10

2.2 APPLICABLE AND APPROPRIATE PARTNER COUNTRY AND OTHER

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS (E.G. WHO), ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL LAWS,

POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS 11

2.3 COUNTRY/MINISTRY/MUNICIPALITY ENVIRONMENTAL CAPACITY ANALYSIS (AS

APPROPRIATE) 11

3.0 ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL RISK

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATIONS

4.1 RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATIONS 13

4.2 CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT 15

4.3 SIEE AND EMMP REQUIREMENTS 15

5.0 CONDITIONS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

5.1 CONDITIONS 16

5.2 AGENCY CONDITIONS 17

5.3 MITIGATION MEASURES 18

6.0 LIMITATIONS OF THE PROGRAMMTIC INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION23

7.0 REVISIONS

ATTACHMENTS:

1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE PROGRAMMATIC IEE

The purpose of this document, in accordance with Title 22, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 216 (22 CFR 216), is to provide a preliminary review of the reasonably foreseeable effects on the environment of the USAID intervention described herein and recommend determinations and, as appropriate, conditions, for further supplemental analyses as projects and activities are developed. Upon approval, these determinations become affirmed, and specified conditions become mandatory obligations of implementation. This PIEE also documents the results of the Climate Risk Management process in accordance with USAID policy (specifically, ADS 201mal).

As specified in the terms of this PIEE, Supplemental IEEs will be prepared, as needed, to further identify potential environmental impacts to be addressed through formal environmental mitigation and monitoring plans (EMMPs) and/or Environmental Assessments (EAs), if needed.

Environmental Determinations are based on foreseeable impacts at the time of this document.

Additions and/or changes in design elements not covered in this document will require additional analysis. Negative and positive threshold determinations and deferrals require additional measures as described in Section 5.

This Programmatic IEE (PIEE) is a critical element of USAID’s mandatory environmental review and compliance process meant to achieve environmentally sound design and implementation.

1.2 PROJECT OVERVIEW

The Venezuela Response and Integration Project will stabilize receptor communities by increasing the capacity of public systems to residents and expand licit economic opportunities to make migrants productive community members. With the unrelenting influx of migrants fleeing economic and political hardship in Colombia, more are beginning to settle in Colombia’s growing urban areas and border towns. This sudden population growth is causing a strain and already limited education and public services and job opportunities. Currently Colombia has been relatively welcoming to migrants when compared with neighboring countries such as Peru, Ecuador, and Brazil. However, the Project recognizes the fragility of Colombia’s post-peace accord transition and possibility of additional strain from migration. Therefore, the Project will counter the potential growth of xenophobia and anti-migrant sentiment by strengthening public systems and increasing participation in the formal economy in receptor communities.

The Venezuela Response and Integration Project aims to achieve USAID/Colombia’s Country Development Cooperation Strategy (CDCS) 2020-2025, Special Objective 4 (SO 4): Stability in Areas Impacted by Immigration from Venezuela. The Project’s activities directly align with Intermediate Results (IRs) of SO 4: IR 4.1: Strengthened Public Systems and IR 4.2:

Increased Participation in the Formal Economy.

1.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The Venezuela Response and Integration Project will enhance the Colombian Government’s border management capacity to document and track incoming migrants and returnees and refer them to services. International humanitarian assistance can relieve near-term burdens on migrants and receptor communities. However, as migrants settle into communities, public systems and local institutions must be strengthened to meet the shifting health, education, security, and governance needs of these communities. The Project will strengthen municipal governments’ capacity to plan for urban growth and make health, justice, and education services accessible to migrants. These efforts will inform the Colombian Government’s migrant-related policy framework. This Project also guarantees basic human rights for migrants and Colombian citizens in receptor communities. These include the rights to respect, dignity, employment, and security, all free from discrimination.

The Venezuela Response and Integration Project will counter xenophobia while incentivizing job creation and supporting entrepreneurship in receptor communities, particularly in the formal economy. The inability of many migrants to work legally in Colombia, and fewer economic opportunities overall in receptor communities, can increase competition for scarce jobs, raising the risk of xenophobia and anti-migrant sentiments. The lack of jobs can also trigger migrant participation in illicit economies and recruitment into armed groups. This can have negative downstream impacts on citizen security, community stability, and the environment. This insecurity exposes migrants to sexual exploitation and other human rights violations. Given the likelihood of continued migration and its economic and political strains on Colombia, the Project will include migrants in the economic development, and prosperity, of receptor communities.

The Project will partner with local communities, the private sector, and the Colombian Government to tap into the potential of highly skilled migrants - such as teachers, doctors, engineers, and other professionals - to contribute to Colombia’s economic growth, thus limiting skills atrophy.

TABLE 2: DEFINED OR ILLUSTRATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL SECTORS

IR 4.1 Strengthened Public Systems Category of intervention 1: Meetings, workshops and research Category of intervention 2: Awareness Campaigns Category of intervention 3: Research Category of intervention 4: Technical assistance Category of intervention 5: Training and/or capacity building Category of intervention 6: Direct health services delivery/provision of health services Category of intervention 7: Child feeding Category of intervention 8: Procurement, storage, management, and disposal of public health commodities Category of intervention 9: Small scale rehabilitation of facilities/infrastructure IR 4.2: Increased participation in the formal economy Category of intervention 1: Meetings, workshops and research Category of intervention 2: Awareness Campaigns Category of intervention 3: Research Category of intervention 4: Technical assistance Category of intervention 5: Training and/or capacity building Category of intervention 6: Support to intermediate credit institutions Category of intervention 7: Support to ventures and entrepreneurships

Will this program involve construction4 as defined by ADS 201 and 303? Yes No

2.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION

Although we do not know at this stage the exact location of municipalities, receptor communities and/or entrepreneurships to be supported, in order to ensure alignment with the Mission’s CDCS, the sub-activity will be implemented in urban and border areas of Colombia.

Based on illustrative categories of intervention above, we can make the following general assumptions:

a) Protect ecologically sensitive ecosystems, such as mangroves, wetlands, strategic high mountain areas, coral or rocky reefs, seagrass, and others.

b) Conserve and protect existing forests.

c) Ensure that sites are in safe (or less vulnerable) areas to landslides, floods, fires, frosts, etc.

d) Respect land uses, as well as marine and/or river management plans, defined by local authorities.

e) Local communities, entities and sectors will be consulted and will have an active participation.

f) Obtain all legal permits/licenses required by appropriate authorities.

g) Avoid burning.

h) Avoid and/or control modifying or affecting the hydrological network.

i) Avoid felling trees and/or extracting fauna.

j) Site the activities in previously-disturbed areas, with low vegetation, instead of opening or deforesting new ones.

2.1 LOCATIONS AFFECTED AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT (ENVIRONMENT, PHYSICAL,

CLIMATE, SOCIAL, THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES)

Target areas will include urban areas receiving large numbers of migrants. These areas are likely to include Bogota, Medellin, Cali, Barranquilla, and Cartagena. The Project will also include frontier areas where many migrants are crossing over and starting to permanently settle, such as La Guajira and Norte de Santander.

4 Construction, as defined by ADS 201 and 303, includes: construction, alteration, or repair (including dredging and excavation) of buildings, structures, or other real property and includes, without limitation, improvements, renovation, alteration and refurbishment. The term includes, without limitation, roads, power plants, buildings, bridges, water treatment facilities, and vertical structures. In the box below, describe any construction planned for this project/activity. Refer to ADS 201maw for required Construction Risk Management procedures.

If yes, describe in the space below:

Activities in this category include minor renovation of existing facilities, including rehabilitation of clinics, latrines, wells, incinerators, casa de derechos, wellness centers, classrooms, and school facilities to improve the quality of service delivery. No major construction activities will be conducted.

2.2 APPLICABLE AND APPROPRIATE PARTNER COUNTRY AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL

STANDARDS (E.G. WHO), ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL LAWS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS

The activities will follow national regulations defined by ICA, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and USAID’s environmental regulations (22CFR216) and environmental procedures

(ADS 204).

2.3 COUNTRY/MINISTRY/MUNICIPALITY ENVIRONMENTAL CAPACITY ANALYSIS (AS

APPROPRIATE)

As for the support to small-scale renovation and restoration activities, local and regional governments involved in this activity have the capacity to develop environmental analyses and comply with national level regulations. Support to small-scale renovation and restoration initiatives will be articulated to national and/or regional programs to support the process from the Colombian Government level.

As for the support to health activities involving lab testing or medical waste, local and regional governments involved in this activity have the capacity to develop environmental analyses and comply with national level regulations. Support to health activities involving lab testing or medical waste initiatives will be articulated to national and/or regional programs to support the process from the Colombian Government level.

In addition, USAID will strengthen capacities of local associations and/or business in organizational, technical, administrative and financial matters to strengthen their organizations and their sustainability.

3.0 ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL RISK

PROGRAM AREA 1: THE VENEZUELA RESPONSE AND INTEGRATION PROJECT

TABLE 3A. POTENTIAL IMPACTS

Program Area Potential environmental and social impacts IR 4.1 Strengthened Public Systems Category of intervention 1:

Meetings, workshops and research

N/A

Category of intervention 2:

Awareness Campaigns

N/A

Category of intervention 3:

Research

N/A

Category of intervention 4:

Technical assistance

N/A

Category of intervention 5:

Training and/or capacity building

N/A

Category of intervention 6:

Direct health services delivery/provision of health services

Air Pollution Public/Worker Health & Safety Socioeconomic Impacts Soil & Water Impacts Solid Waste Management & Disposal Hazardous Waste Management & Disposal

Category of intervention 7:

Child feeding

N/A

Category of intervention 8:

Procurement, storage, management, and disposal of public health commodities

Air Pollution Public/Worker Health & Safety Socioeconomic Impacts Soil & Water Impacts Solid Waste Management & Disposal Hazardous Waste Management & Disposal

Category of intervention 9:

Small scale rehabilitation of facilities/infrastructure

Air Pollution Public/Worker Health & Safety Socioeconomic Impacts Soil & Water Impacts Solid Waste Management & Disposal

IR 4.2: Increased participation in the formal economy Category of intervention 1:

Meetings, workshops and research

N/A

Category of intervention 2:

Awareness Campaigns

N/A

Category of intervention 3:

Research

N/A

Category of intervention 4:

Technical assistance

N/A

Category of intervention 5:

Training and/or capacity building

N/A

Category of intervention 6:

Support to intermediate credit institutions

N/A

Category of intervention 7:

Support to ventures and entrepreneurships

Public Health & Safety Socioeconomic Impacts Soil & Water Impacts

Solid Waste Management

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATIONS

4.1 RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATIONS

The following table summarizes the recommended determinations based on the environmental analysis conducted. Upon approval, these determinations become affirmed, per 22 CFR 216.

Specified conditions, detailed in Section 5, become mandatory obligations of implementation, per ADS 204.

TABLE 4: ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATIONS

Program Area5 Categorical Exclusion Citation (if applicable)

Negative Determination

Positive Determination6

Deferral7

IR 4.1 Strengthened Public Systems Category of intervention 1:

Meetings, workshops and research

§216.2(c)(2)(iii) Analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings

Category of intervention 2:

Awareness Campaigns

§216.2(c)(2)(v) Document and information transfers

Category of intervention 3:

Research

§216.2(c)(2)(iii) Analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings

Category of intervention 4:

Technical assistance

§216.2(c)(2)(i) Education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, etc.)

Category of intervention 5:

Training and/or capacity building

§216.2(c)(2)(i) Education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, etc.)

5 Program Area may include sector, DO/IR, components, categories of interventions, or tasks 6 Positive Determinations require preparation of a Scoping Statement and Environmental Assessment.

7 Deferrals must be cleared through an Amendment to this IEE or through an SIEE prior to implementation of any deferred activities.

Category of intervention 6:

Direct health services delivery/provision of health services Category of intervention 7:

Child feeding

§216.2(c)(2)(viii) Programs involving nutrition, health care or population and family planning services except to the extent designed to include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, water supply systems, waste water treatment, etc.)

§216.2(c)(2)(xi) Programs of maternal or child feeding conducted under Title II of Pub. L. 480

Category of intervention 8:

Procurement, storage, management, and disposal of public health commodities Category of intervention 9:

Small scale rehabilitation of facilities/infrastructure IR 4.2: Increased participation in the formal economy Category of intervention 1:

Meetings, workshops and research

§216.2(c)(2)(iii) Analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings

Category of intervention 2:

Awareness Campaigns

§216.2(c)(2)(iii) Analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings

Category of intervention 3:

Research

§216.2(c)(2)(iii) Analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings

Category of intervention 4:

Technical assistance

§216.2(c)(2)(i) Education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, etc.)

Category of intervention 5:

Training and/or capacity building

§216.2(c)(2)(i) Education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, etc.)

Category of intervention 6:

Support to intermediate credit institutions

§216.2(c)(2)(x) Support for intermediate credit institutions when the objective is to assist in the capitalization of the institution or part thereof and when such support does not involve reservation of the right to review and approve individual loans made by the institution

Category of intervention 7:

Support to ventures and entrepreneurships

§216.2(c)(2)(i) Education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as construction of facilities, etc.)

4.2 CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT

This section summarizes the methodology used and findings of the CRM Screening, in accordance with ADS 201mal. The project design team, in consultation with the CIL, considered the potential effect of climate risks/stressors on the sustainability of the project (changing precipitation patterns, rising temperature, floods, droughts, fires, landslides, etc.) in addition to the impact of project activities on the climate (increased greenhouse gas emissions, land use changes, etc.). See Annex 1 for the compete CRM table.

4.3 SIEE AND EMMP REQUIREMENTS:

The determinations recommended in this document apply at the Programmatic Level and further analysis will be conducted through Supplemental IEEs prior to implementation of activities.

Utilizing the information documented in this PIEE as a foundation to help focus the analysis, the SIEE will:

Document in greater detail site specific information relevant to the activity;

Provide more detailed analysis of impacts tailored to the prescribed implementation;

Assign required Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plans (EMMPs) according to the stipulated environmental compliance requirements.

5.0 CONDITIONS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

5.1 CONDITIONS

The environmental determinations in this PIEE are contingent upon full implementation of the following general implementation and monitoring requirements, as well as ADS 204 and other relevant requirements.

5.1.1 During Pre-Award:

5.1.1.1 Project/Activity Design: The design team shall use this PIEE to inform project/activity design to ensure sectoral environmental impacts and safeguards are incorporated appropriately and documented in more specific SIEEs. As feasible, the design team and/or the cognizant environmental officer(s) (e.g., MEO, REA, BEO) will provide a pre-award briefing for potential offerors on environmental compliance expectations/responsibilities at bidders’ conferences.

5.1.1.2 Solicitations: The design team, in coordination with the A/CO, will ensure solicitations include environmental compliance requirements and evaluation criteria. A/CO will ensure technical and cost proposal requirements include approach, staffing, and budget sufficient for complying with the terms of this IEE.

5.1.1.3 Awards: The A/COR, in coordination with the A/CO, will ensure all awards and sub-awards, include environmental compliance requirements.

5.1.2 During Post-Award:

5.1.2.1 Post-Award Briefings: The A/COR and/or the cognizant environmental officer(s) (e.g., MEO, REA, BEO) will provide post-award briefings for the IP on environmental compliance responsibilities.

5.1.2.3 Workplans and Budgeting: The A/COR will ensure the IP integrates environmental compliance requirements in work plans and budgets to comply with requirements, including EMMP implementation and monitoring.

5.1.2.4 Staffing: The A/COR, in coordination with the IP, will ensure all awards have staffing capacity to implement environmental compliance requirements.

5.1.2.5 Records Management: The A/COR will maintain environmental compliance documents in the official project/activity file and upload records to the designated USAID environmental compliance database system.

5.1.2.6 Host Country Environmental Compliance: The A/COR will ensure the IP complies with applicable and appropriate host country environmental requirements unless otherwise directed in writing by USAID. However, in the case of a conflict between the host country and USAID requirements, the more stringent shall govern.

5.1.2.7 Work Plan Review: The A/COR will ensure the IP verifies, at least annually or when activities are added or modified, that activities remain with the scope of the IEE. Activities outside of the scope of the IEE cannot be implemented until the IEE is amended.

5.1.2.8 IEE Amendment: If new activities are introduced or other changes to the scope of this IEE occur, an IEE Amendment will be required.

5.1.2.9 USAID Monitoring Oversight: The A/COR or designee, with the support of the cognizant environmental officer(s) (e.g., MEO, REA, BEO), will ensure monitoring of compliance with established requirements (e.g., by desktop reviews, site visits, etc.).

5.1.2.10 Environmental Compliance Mitigation and Monitoring Plan: The A/COR will ensure the IP develops, obtains approval for, and implements Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plans (EMMPs) that are responsive to the stipulated environmental compliance requirements.

5.1.2.11 Environmental Compliance Reporting: The A/COR will ensure the IP includes environmental compliance in regular project/activity reports, using indicators as appropriate; develops and submits the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Reports (EMMRs); and completes and submits a Record of Compliance (RoC) describing their implementation of EMMP requirements in conjunction with the final EMMR or at the close of sub activities (as applicable). And where required by Bureaus or Missions, ensure the IP prepares a closeout plan consistent with contract documentation for A/COR review and approval that outlines responsibilities for end-of-project operation, the transition of other operational responsibilities, and final EMMR with lessons learned.

5.1.2.12 Corrective Action: When noncompliance or unforeseen impacts are identified, IPs notify the A/COR, place a hold on activities, take corrective action, and report on the effectiveness of corrective actions. The A/COR initiates the corrective action process and ensures the IP completes and documents their activities. Where required by Bureaus or Missions, ensure Record of Compliance is completed.

5.2 AGENCY CONDITIONS

5.2.1 Sub-award Screening: The A/COR will ensure the IP uses an adequate environmental screening tool to screen any sub-award applications and to aid in the development of EMMPs.

5.2.2 Programmatic IEEs (PIEE): PIEEs stipulate requirements for additional environmental examination of new or country specific projects/activities. The

A/COR of any project/activity being implemented under a PIEE will ensure appropriate reviews are conducted, typically through a Supplemental IEE, and approved by the cognizant BEO.

5.2.3 Supplemental IEEs (SIEEs) will be prepared pursuant to the terms of the presiding PIEE for any new project/activity being planned. The SIEE will provide more thorough analysis of the planned activities, additional geographic context and baseline conditions as well as specific mitigation and monitoring requirements.

5.2.4 Other Supplemental Analyses: The A/COR will ensure supplemental environmental analyses that are called for in the IEE are completed and documented.

5.2.5 Resolution of Deferrals: If a deferral of the environmental threshold determination was issued, the A/COR will ensure that the appropriate 22CFR216 environmental analysis and documentation is completed and approved by the BEO before the subject activities are implemented.

5.2.6 Positive Determination: If a Positive Determination threshold determination was made, the A/COR will ensure a Scoping Statement, and if required an Environmental Assessment (EA), is completed and approved by the BEO before the subject activities are implemented.

5.2.7 Compliance with human subject research requirements: The AM, A/COR shall assure that the IP and sub-awardees, -grantees, and -contractors demonstrate completion of all requirements for ethics review and adequate medical monitoring of human subjects who participate in research trials carried out through this IEE and ensure appropriate records are maintained. All documentation demonstrating completion of required review and approval of human subject trials must be in place prior to initiating any trials and cover the period of performance of the trial as described in the research protocol.

5.3 MITIGATION MEASURES

The mitigation measures presented in this section constitute the minimum required based on available information at the time of this PIEE and the environmental analysis in Section 4. These measures shall provide general direction to Project Design Teams and Implementation Partners (as appropriate) for completing future, more focused and detailed Supplemental-IEEs.

PROGRAM AREA 1: The Venezuela Response and Integration Project

TABLE 5A. SUMMARY OF MITIGATION MEASURES

Program Area Mitigation Measure(s) IR 4.1 Strengthened Public Systems Category of intervention 1:

N/A

Meetings, workshops and research Category of intervention 2:

Awareness Campaigns

N/A

Category of intervention 3:

Research

N/A

Category of intervention 4:

Technical assistance

N/A

Category of intervention 5:

Training and/or capacity building

N/A

Category of intervention 6:

Direct health services delivery/provision of health services

Carry out activities using only the methods and equipment authorized by the appropriate authorities.

Carry out maintenance periodically.

Adopt safety protocols.

Restrict access for people in areas other than routes, trails, facilities or designated areas.

Isolate and/or control the area to prevent access by unauthorized personnel.

Have up-to-date first aid kits, placed in a marked location with easy access.

Properly separate, store and dispose solid waste, according to the regulations.

Save and efficiently use water.

Conform to industrial safety and occupational health regulations.

Use biodegradable cleaning products.

Provide and use personal protective equipment (PPE), according to the regulations.

Use efficient low emission production equipment with high energy efficient ratings.

Adopt designs that favor natural lighting and ventilation, as well as climate conditions, to reduce energy use.

Use locally sourced materials to minimize transport distances and gas emissions.

Maintain extraction techniques according to permits and licenses.

Return unused and expired products to supplier.

Sterilize tools daily.

Provide secured storage cabinets and secured storerooms for medicines and medical equipment.

Protect ecologically sensitive ecosystems, such as mangroves, wetlands, strategic high mountain areas, coral or rocky reefs, seagrass, and others.

Mark the areas clearly.

Properly manage and dispose of hazardous waste, according to the regulations.

Ensure that sites are in safe (or less vulnerable) areas to landslides, floods, fires, frosts, etc.

Install ventilation systems to improve air circulation and to control emissions.

Clinic waste must be properly disposed within 24 hours of being generated in warm/hot weather and 48 hours in temperate/cold climates.

Hire a company specialized in medical waste collection and treatment.

Promote local labor.

Do not burn materials containing heavy metals.

Respect land uses, as well as marine and/or river management plans, defined by local authorities.

Install adequate sanitation facilities to prevent disease spread from infected patients.

Minimize pharmaceutical waste by establishing good inventory practices.

Vaccinate the staff against hepatitis B and tetanus.

Bury ashes produced by combustion, according to the local regulations.

Site the activities in previously-disturbed areas, with low vegetation, instead of opening or deforesting new ones.

Analyze the associated cumulative and indirect impacts.

Involve local communities to ensure ownership and an adequate intervention.

Comply with national construction regulations to minimize potential risks.

Avoid impacts on cultural heritage.

Install backup power sources.

Ensure the cooling chain is unbroken for sensitive products requiring refrigeration.

Category of intervention 7:

Child feeding

N/A

Category of intervention 8:

Procurement, storage, management, and disposal of public health commodities

Have up-to-date first aid kits, placed in a marked location with easy access.

Use non-toxic materials (environmentally acceptable).

Obtain all legal permits/licenses required by appropriate authorities.

Return unused and expired products to supplier.

Provide secured storage cabinets and secured storerooms for medicines and medical equipment.

Ensure the cooling chain is unbroken for sensitive products requiring refrigeration.

Install ventilation systems to improve air circulation and to control emissions.

Mark the areas clearly.

Conform to industrial safety and occupational health regulations.

Provide and use personal protective equipment (PPE), according to the regulations.

Use biodegradable cleaning products.

Properly manage and dispose of hazardous waste, according to the regulations.

Ensure that sites are in safe (or less vulnerable) areas to landslides, floods, fires, frosts, etc.

Hire a company specialized in medical waste collection and treatment.

Promote local labor.

Do not burn materials containing heavy metals.

Minimize pharmaceutical waste by establishing good inventory practices.

Vaccinate the staff against hepatitis B and tetanus.

Bury ashes produced by combustion, according to the local regulations.

Site the activities in previously-disturbed areas, with low vegetation, instead of opening or deforesting new ones.

Analyze the associated cumulative and indirect impacts.

Involve local communities to ensure ownership and an adequate intervention.

Clinic waste must be properly disposed within 24 hours of being generated in warm/hot weather and 48 hours in temperate/cold climates.

Hire a company specialized in medical waste collection and treatment.

Category of intervention 9:

Small scale rehabilitation of facilities/infrastructure

Replace felled trees by planting new individuals that meet the technical characteristics of the site, prioritizing local species.

Promote the revegetation of steep areas and/or degraded soils, prioritizing native species.

Carry out maintenance periodically.

Provide secured storage cabinets and secured storerooms for medicines and medical equipment.

Ensure the cooling chain is unbroken for sensitive products requiring refrigeration.

Adopt safety protocols.

Isolate and/or control the area to prevent access by unauthorized personnel.

Have up-to-date first aid kits, placed in a marked location with easy access.

Provide and use personal protective equipment (PPE), according to the regulations.

Conform to industrial safety and occupational health regulations.

Mark the areas clearly.

Clinic waste must be properly disposed within 24 hours of being generated in warm/hot weather and 48 hours in temperate/cold climates.

Hire a company specialized in medical waste collection and treatment.

Properly manage and dispose of hazardous waste, according to the regulations.

Properly separate, store and dispose solid waste, according to the regulations.

Cover materials to protect them and/or to avoid potential contamination of soil and water.

Use biodegradable cleaning products.

Minimize pharmaceutical waste by establishing good inventory practices.

Vaccinate the staff against hepatitis B and tetanus.

Protect investments to avoid possible losses.

Promote local labor.

Implement techniques for storing water.

Restrict access for people in areas other than routes, trails, facilities or designated areas.

Carry out activities using only the methods and equipment authorized by the appropriate authorities.

Do not burn materials containing heavy metals.

Use efficient low emission production equipment with high energy efficient ratings.

Install ventilation systems to improve air circulation and to control emissions.

Select an adequate area where waste can be buried, incinerated or disposed safely, according to local regulations.

Install hand-washing stations for clinic staff and patients.

Install adequate sanitation facilities to prevent disease spread from infected patients.

Save and efficiently use water.

Respect land uses, as well as marine and/or river management plans, defined by local authorities.

Avoid and/or control modifying or affecting the hydrological network.

Manage water during extreme rainfall to avoid overloads in the system (landslides, floods, erosion).

Use materials, species and/or varieties from sites that are legal and/or certified by the appropriate authorities or a qualified technician.

Install backup power sources.

Avoid impacts on cultural heritage.

Comply with national construction regulations to minimize potential risks.

Involve local communities to ensure ownership and an adequate intervention.

Ensure that sites are in safe (or less vulnerable) areas to landslides, floods, fires, frosts, etc.

Take into consideration records of historical information and recent trends to ensure that the interventions can withstand climate variability.

Design and implement infrastructure to reduce impacts and possible disruptions.

Analyze the associated cumulative and indirect impacts.

Site the activities in previously-disturbed areas, with low vegetation, instead of opening or deforesting new ones.

Avoid felling trees and/or extracting fauna.

Protect ecologically sensitive ecosystems, such as mangroves, wetlands, strategic high mountain areas, coral or rocky reefs, seagrass, and others.

Obtain all legal permits/licenses required by appropriate authorities.

Conserve and protect existing forests.

Use non-toxic materials (environmentally acceptable).

Use locally sourced materials to minimize transport distances and gas emissions.

Adopt designs that favor natural lighting and ventilation, as well as climate conditions, to reduce energy use.

IR 4.2: Increased participation in the formal economy Category of intervention 1:

Meetings, workshops and research

N/A

Category of intervention 2:

Awareness Campaigns

N/A

Category of intervention 3:

Research

N/A

Category of intervention 4:

Technical assistance

N/A

Category of intervention 5:

Training and/or capacity building

N/A

Category of intervention 6:

Support to intermediate credit institutions

N/A

Category of intervention 7:

Support to ventures and entrepreneurships

Carry out maintenance periodically.

Isolate and/or control the area to prevent access by unauthorized personnel.

Comply with sanitary guidelines according to regulations.

Have up-to-date first aid kits, placed in a marked location with easy access.

Provide and use personal protective equipment (PPE), according to the regulations.

Apply biosafety protocols (cleaning and disinfection) to prevent risks or infections.

Conform to industrial safety and occupational health regulations.

Mark the areas clearly.

Properly manage and dispose of hazardous waste, according to the regulations.

Utilize the waste and/or by-products of the main activity.

Properly separate, store and dispose solid waste, according to the regulations.

Use biodegradable cleaning products.

Manage activity's wastewaters and/or solid waste, avoiding contamination of soil and water sources.

Provide proper supplies storage.

Protect investments to avoid possible losses.

Promote local labor.

Avoid burning.

Use efficient low emission production equipment with high energy efficient ratings.

Adopt designs that favor natural lighting and ventilation, as well as climate conditions, to reduce energy use.

Save and efficiently use water.

Respect land uses, as well as marine and/or river management plans, defined by local authorities.

Avoid and/or control modifying or affecting the hydrological network.

Ensure that sites are in safe (or less vulnerable) areas to landslides, floods, fires, frosts, etc.

Take into consideration records of historical information and recent trends to ensure that the interventions can withstand climate variability.

Site the activities in previously-disturbed areas, with low vegetation, instead of opening or deforesting new ones.

Obtain all legal permits/licenses required by appropriate authorities.

Use non-toxic materials (environmentally acceptable).

Adopt the necessary actions to prevent or manage the occurrence of fires.

Adopt designs that favor natural lighting and ventilation, as well as climate conditions, to reduce energy use.

6.0 LIMITATIONS OF THE PROGRAMMATIC INITIAL

ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION

The determinations recommended in this document apply at the Programmatic Level and further analysis will be conducted through Supplemental IEEs prior to implementation of activities.

Utilizing the information documented in this PIEE as a foundation to help focus the analysis, the SIEE will:

Document in greater detail site specific information relevant to the project/activity;

Document in greater details relevant location or environmental context considerations, including physical , climate, socials, threatened and endangered species, etc.

Provide more detailed analysis of impacts tailored to the prescribed implementation;

Assign required mitigation and monitoring requirements.

Considering that this PIEE does not fully cover all activities in detail, then a Supplemental IEE (SIEE) is required, except for Categorical Exclusion activities.

7.0 REVISIONS

Per 22 CFR 216.3(a)(9), when ongoing programs are revised to incorporate a change in scope or nature, a determination will be made as to whether such change may have an environmental impact not previously assessed. If so, this PIEE will be amended to cover the changes or be covered in a SIEE. Per ADS 204, it is the responsibility of the USAID A/COR to keep the MEO/REA and BEO informed of any new information or changes in the activity that might require revision of this environmental analysis and environmental determination.

ATTACHMENTS:

Annex 1: Climate Risk Management Summary Table for Projects

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Fo rc ed m ig ra tio n an d/ or d is pl ac em en t d ue da ag e ca us ed b y ex tre m e cl im at e ev en ts

Pr ov id e te ch ni ca l s up po rt to lo ca l c om m un iti es a nd in st itu tio ns co rp or at e ch an ge s in w ea th er p at te rn s an d vu ln er ab le ar ea s in a ll pl an ni ng to ol s to re du ce ri sk s an d en te gi es th at w ith st an d cl im at e va ria bi lit y.

In cr ea se d ps yc ho so ci al s tre ss d ue to d am ag e fro m d is pl ac em en t c au se d by e xt re m e cl im at e ev en ts

Pr ov id e te ch ni ca l s up po rt to lo ca l c om m un iti es a nd in st itu co rp or at e ch an ge s in w ea th er p at te rn s an d vu ln er s in a ll pl an ni ng to ol s to re du ce ri sk s an d en te gi es th at w ith st an d cl im at e va ria bi lit y.

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C iti ze n se cu rit y du e to d am ag e fro di sp la ce m en t o r i nt er ru pt io n in s er vi ce s ca us ed b y ex tre m e cl im at e ev en ts

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