Attachment 15.= FAA JO 6050.32B Spectrum Management Regulations and Procedures Manual.pdf

6050.32B ORDER

SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS

AND PROCEDURES MANUAL

November 17, 2005

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION

Distribution: A-WYZ-1; A-X(AF/AT)-2;

A-FOF-O (SUPV)

Initiated By: Tech Ops ATC Spectrum Engineering Services (ASR-1)

11/17/05 6050.32B

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paragraph.................................................................................................................................................Page

CHAPTER 1. GENERAL

1. Purpose

2. Distribution

3. Cancellation

4. Explanation of Changes

5. Forms

6. thru 199. Reserved

CHAPTER 2. THE RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) SPECTRUM

200. RF Spectrum

201. Makeup of the Spectrum

202. Spectrum Limitation Considerations

203. thru 299. Reserved

CHAPTER 3. HISTORY, AUTHORITIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

300. General Considerations

301. International Organizations Figure 3-1. Partial Organizational Chart of the ITU Figure 3-2a. ICAO Assembly Organization Chart Figure 3-2b. ICAO Secretariat Organization Chart

302. National Organizations - General Figure 3-3. Federal Communications Commission Figure 3-4. National Telecommunications and Information Administration Figure 3-5. Partial Organization Chart of the IRAC Figure 3-6. AAG Controlled Bands Figure 3-7. Bands Under Coordination Control of FAA Field Coordinators Figure 3-8. Technical Operations ATC Spectrum Engineering Services Figure 3-9. Summary of Frequency Bands Supporting Aviation

303. Technical Operations ATC Spectrum Engineering Services

304. Service Area Frequency Management Office (FMO)

305. thru 399. Reserved

CHAPTER 4. SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT EVALUATION CRITERIA

400. General

401. Criteria

402. Subjects of Evaluation

403. thru 499. Reserved

CHAPTER 5. FREQUENCY COORDINATION

500. General

501. Headquarters

502. Field-Headquarters

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6050.32B Table of Contents - continued 11/17/05

503. Field-External

504. Field-Special Figure 5-1. Sample Memorandum To Aviation Event Sponsor

505. Field-Internal

506. Documents

507. thru 599. Reserved

CHAPTER 6. TRANSMITTER AUTHORIZATION DOCUMENTS AND CALL LETTER

ASSIGNMENTS

600. Purpose

601. Facility Transmitting Authorization Document (FTA) Figure 6-1. FAA Form 6050-1. Facility Transmitting Authorization (Reduced) Figure 6-2. TIOA Forms For Mobile/Portable/Handheld Transmitters

602. Requests For Frequency Action Figure 6-3. Sample of a Typical Service Area Frequency Request Form (Reduced)

603. Call Letter Assignment

604. Land Mobile Call Signs Figure 6-4. User Organization Identifiers

605. Station Identification Requirements

606. thru 699. Reserved

CHAPTER 7. HIGH FREQUENCY ASSIGNMENT PROCEDURES

700. General Figure 7-1. Ionospheric Layers Illustrated

701. International HF Requirements

702. National HF Requirements Figure 7-2. NRCS Frequencies

703. HF Engineering

704. Assigned vs. Window Frequency

705. Propagation and Circuit Reliability

706. Sunspot Numbers

707. Solar Flare/Storm Reporting Procedures Figure 7-3. Smoothed Monthly Sunspot Numbers Jan 1749 - Apr 1996

708. thru 799. Reserved

CHAPTER 8. AIRSPACE EVALUATION

800. General

801. Part 77

802. Title 49, Section 44718

803. Intranet Obstruction Evaluation/Airport Airspace Analysis (IOE/AAA) Web-based System 72

804. Washington Headquarters Reviews

805. Electromagnetic Evaluation

806. Airspace Analysis Model (AAM)

807. Determinations

808. Non-Broadcast Evaluations

809. thru 899. Reserved

CHAPTER 9. VHF/UHF AIR/GROUND COMMUNICATIONS FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

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11/17/05 Table of Contents - continued 6050.32B

900. Purpose

901. Communications Frequency Allocations

902. Basic Principles of Communications Frequency Engineering

903. Special Issues To Be Considered

904. Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS) Voice Outlet Assignment Criteria

905. AWOS/ASOS Frequency Assignment Criteria

906. Backup Communications

907. Temporary Assignments

908. thru 999. Reserved

CHAPTER 10. NAVIGATIONAL AID (NAVAID) FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

1000. Purpose 1001. NAVAID Frequency Allocation Figure 10-1. NAVAID Band Use 1002. Basic Principles of NAVAID Frequency Engineering 1003. NAVAID Frequency Engineering Methods 1004. Equivalent Signal Ratio (ESR) 1005. Expanded Service Volume (ESV) 1006. Special Issues To Be Considered 1007. thru 1099. Reserved

CHAPTER 11. LOW/MEDIUM FREQUENCY (L/MF) GROUND NAVIGATIONAL AIDS

1100. Purpose 1101. General Considerations 1102. Frequency Allocation For L/MF Facilities Figure 11-1. L/MF NAVAID Frequency Allocations 1103. Engineering Considerations For L/MF Frequency Selection Figure 11-2. Estimated Ground Conductivity in the United States 1104. Basic Tools Figure 11-3. Coverage and Interference Prediction Curves 1105. Engineering Procedures 1106. Practical Example Figure 11-4. Geographic Separation Example 1107. Airborne Measurements 1108. thru 1199. Reserved

CHAPTER 12. MICROWAVE DATA/COMMUNICATIONS LINKS FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

1200. Purpose 1201. Frequency Bands Available For Radio Links Figure 12-1. Bands Currently Used by FAA For Radio Links 1202. International Coordination Requirements 1203. Technical Standards For Links 1204. The General Procedure For Microwave Link Intersite Frequency Engineering Figure 12-2. Typical Parabolic Microwave Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 12-3. Power Budget Study For a Microwave Link 1205. Frequency Engineering For the 932-935 and 941-944 MHz Bands 1206. Frequency Engineering For the 1710-1850 MHz Band

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1207. Frequency Engineering For RCL in the 7125-8500 MHz Band Figure 12-4. Example of Tests 4 and 5 Prohibited Zones Figure 12-5. Standard RCL Frequency Family For 7125-8400 MHz Figure 12-6. Sample of Frequency Selection, Test 4 and 5 1208. Frequency Engineering For the LDRCL in the 7125-8500 MHz Band 1209. Frequency Engineering For the 14.5000-14.7145 and 15.1365-15.3500 GHz Bands Figure 12-7. Current TML Channelization Plan 1210. Frequency Engineering for LDRCL For the 21.2-23.6 GHz Band Figure 12-8. 21.2-23.6 GHz LDRCL Frequency Assignment Plan 1211. Special Path Considerations Figure 12-9. Space Diversity Figure 12-10. Frequency Diversity Figure 12-11. Hybrid Frequency/Space Diversity 1212. Paths With Passive Reflectors Figure 12-12. Periscope or Top Reflector Antenna System Figure 12-13. Single Billboard Passive Antenna Figure 12-14. Double Billboard Passive Antenna 1213. Mapping 1214. thru 1299. Reserved

CHAPTER 13. RADAR AND AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL RADAR BEACON SYSTEM (ATCRBS)

FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

1300. Policy 1301. General Assignment Procedures 1302. PRR Assignment of ATCRBS Figure 13-1. Display Time Exposure For a Radial Flight Showing Ringaround Figure 13-2. Display View of a Real and a False Target 1303. PRR Assignment Process Figure 13-3. Radar and Associated Beacon Capabilities 1304. Frequency Assignment Process in the Radar Frequency Bands Figure 13-4. Radar Frequency-Distance Separation Criteria 1305. Frequency Assignments in the 1215-1390- MHz Band Figure 13-5. ARSR-1/2 Staggered PRR and PRT Values (High) Figure 13-6. ARSR-1/2 Staggered PRR and PRT Values (Low) Figure 13-7. ARSR-3 PRR Capabilities Figure 13-8. ARSR-3 Average VIP PRTs Figure 13-9. ARSR-4 Crystal Oscillator, Stabilized Local Oscillator (STALO) and Transmit Frequencies 1306. Frequency Assignment Process in the 2700-3000 MHz Band Figure 13-10. ASR-7E Primary Radar Frequency Pairs Figure 13-11. ASR-7 and Associated Beacon Staggered PRR and PRT Figure 13-12. ASR-8 and Associated Beacon Staggered PRR and PRT Figure 13-13. Typical ASR-8 Receiver Susceptibility Pass Band Figure 13-14. ASR-9 Radar and Beacon PRRs 1307. Frequency Assignments in the 5600-5650 MHz Band 1308. Frequency Assignments in the 9000-9200 MHz Band 1309. Frequency Assignments in the 15.7-16.2 GHz Band 1310. thru 1399. Reserved

CHAPTER 14. RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE

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1400. Interference Problems 1401. Interference Reporting 1402. Administrative Procedures 1403. Internal Procedures 1404. Interference Locating Equipment 1405. Interference Locating Techniques Figure 14-1. Image Frequency Relationships 1406. Direction Finding (Below 1000 MHz) 1407. Direction Finding (Above 1000 MHz) Figure 14-2. Radar Interference DF Example 1408. "Running Rabbit" Interference Figure 14-3. Running Rabbits Patterns 1409. Electronic Attack (EA) 1410. Power Line Interference 1411. Digital Radio Systems 1412. ELT Problems 1413. Records of Unusual Previous Cases 1414. thru 1499. Reserved

CHAPTER 15. RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE MONITORING VANS (RFI VANS)

1500. Introduction Figure 15-1. RFIM Functional Block Diagram 1501. Control and Responsibility 1502. RFI Van Use 1503. Instrumentation 1504. RFI Van System Operation Figure 15-2. MCS Canned Measurements Startup Screen 1505. Radar and ATCRBS Antenna Pattern Recording Figure 15-3. Recording Setup and Sample tape Figure 15-4. Examples of Antenna Patterns On CCSA Printouts 1506. High-Speed Recorder Calibration and Operation 1507. Spectrum Analysis Figure 15-5. Photo of Spectrum From a Spectrum Analyzer Figure 15-6. CCSA-Produced Radar Spectrum Plot Figure 15-7. A DC Bucking Voltage System For X-Y Plotters Figure 15-8. Sample Spectrum Plot of a Rotating Radar 1508. Frequency Measurements 1509. Off-The-Air PRR Measurement Figure 15-9. Block Diagram of One Method of Measuring PRR Figure 15-10. Scope Displays For Correct and Incorrect Measurement 1510. thru 1599. Reserved

CHAPTER 16. IONIZED AND NONIONIZED RADIATION MEASUREMENTS

1600. Purpose 1601. General Figure 16-1. Process for Obtaining a Radiation Hazard Measurement 1602. Importance of Measurements 1603. FMO Participation Limitation

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1604. Importance of Accuracy 1605. Instrument Calibration 1606. Availability 1607. Ramifications 1608. Measurement Philosophy 1609. Measurement Considerations 1610. Measurement Standards and Procedures 1611. Ionized Radiation Measurement Procedures 1612. Non-Ionized Radiation Measurement and Procedures Figure 16-2. Radars Used by FAA With Power Densities >MPE 1613. Measurement Considerations and Reference Data Figure 16-3. Non-Ionizing MPE – Uncontrolled Environment Figure 16-4. Non-Ionizing MPE – Controlled Environment Figure 16-5. Ionizing TLV Figure 16-6a. Letter of Agreement Safety Program Responsibilities Figure 16-6b. Letter of Agreement Safety Program Responsibilities Figure 16-6c. Letter of Agreement Safety Program Responsibilities Figure 16-6d. Letter of Agreement Safety Program Responsibilities 1614. thru 1699. Reserved

CHAPTER 17. LAND MOBILE AND OTHER FM COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS

FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

1700. General 1701. Frequency Engineering 1702. Systems Basics

1703. C3/NRCS

Figure 17-1. C3/NRCS Communications Frequency Plan Figure 17-2. Example of a Repeater/Base/Portable/Mobile FM System 1704. RF Voice/Data Link Systems 1705. Miscellaneous Radio Links 1706. Narrow Band Requirements 1707. thru 1799. Reserved

CHAPTER 18. ELECTRONIC ATTACK (EA) EVALUATIONS

1800. Purpose 1801. Definitions 1802. Applicable Regulations and Documents 1803. Responsibilities 1804. Analysis of EA Request 1805. Conclusions 1806. Operational Band and Channel Codes Figure 18-1. Frequency Band Designations 1807. Frequency Band Correlation Figure 18-2. Frequency Band Correlation 1808. EA Coordination Requirements by Frequency Band Figure 18-3a. Coordination Level Required by Channel and Frequency Figure 18-3b. Coordination Level Required by Channel and Frequency Figure 18-3c. Coordination Level Required by Channel and Frequency

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Figure 18-3d. Coordination Level Required by Channel and Frequency Figure 18-3e. Coordination Level Required by Channel and Frequency Figure 18-3f. Coordination Level Required by Channel and Frequency Figure 18-3g. Coordination Level Required by Channel and Frequency Figure 18-3h. Coordination Level Required by Channel and Frequency Figure 18-3i. Coordination Level Required by Channel and Frequency 1809. thru 1899. Reserved

CHAPTER 19. AUTOMATED ENGINEERING

1900. Purpose 1901. Automated Frequency Manager (AFM) 1902. AFM Agenda System 1903. Airspace Analysis Model (AAM) 1904. RFI and RADHAZ Data Base 1905. Expanded Service Volume (ESV) Management System (ESVMS) 1906. Radio Coverage Analysis System (RCAS) 1907. Overview of the AFM 1908. AFM Agenda System 1909. Airspace Analysis Model (AAM) 1910. RFI and RADHAZ Support

1911. ESV

1912. thru 1999. Reserved

APPENDIX 1. AIRSPACE EVALUATION

SECTION 1. BACKGROUND AND PROCEDURES

1. Introduction

2. Background

3. FM Broadcast Tolerances Figure 1. FM Channels and Center Frequencies Figure 2. Spurious Emission Level of an FM Broadcast Transmitter on 107.9 MHz

4. TV Broadcast Tolerances

5. AM and Other Non-Broadcast Station Standards

6. Standard FPSVs For FAA Facilities Figure 3. TV Channels and Associated Frequencies Figure 4. Idealized Standard TV Channel Spectrum

7. Evaluation Procedure Outline

8. Data Assembly Figure 5. Evaluation Procedure Outline Chart

9. Intermod Study

10. Ground Facilities Figure 6. Typical FAA VHF and UHF RCF Ground Antenna Gain Vs. Frequency Plots Figure 7. Example of Plot For Calculating Slant Range

11. Airborne Receivers

12. Samples Figure 8. Relative Gain of Airborne COMM and NAV Antennas Figure 9a. FAA Form 7460-1, Notice of Proposed Construction or Alteration Figure 9b. Addenda to FAA Form 74670-1 Notice of Proposed Construction or

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Alteration Figures 10. thru 14. Reserved

13. thru 16. Reserved

SECTION 2. ENGINEERING PROCEDURES FOR OE CASES FOR FM BROADCAST AND

ILS/VOR

17. Purpose

18. OE Case Evaluation Procedure Figure 15. Sample OE Case Worksheet For FM Figure 16. Sample PC CIRCLE Report Figure 17. Sample GROUND.WK1 Report

19. Example of AAM Program For FM/ILS Figure 18. AAM Program Sample Search Plot Figure 19a. AAM Program Sample RFI.PRT Printout Figure 19b. AAM Program Sample RFI.PRT Printout (continued) Figure 20. AAM Sample Plot of Predicted RFI - Horizontal - KHTN Figure 21. AAM Sample Plot of Predicted RFI - Horizontal - PROP Figure 22. AAM Sample Plot of Predicted RFI - Vertical - KHTN Figure 23. AAM Sample Plot of Predicted RFI - Vertical - PROP Figures 24. thru 30. Reserved

20. thru 24. Reserved

SECTION 3. ENGINEERING PROCEDURES FOR OBSTRUCTION EVALUATION (OE)

CASES OF NON-FM BROADCAST

25. Status

26. Non-FM BC Study Procedures

27. A Non-FM BC Example Figure 31. Sample Non-FM Worksheet Figure 32. Paragraph 26 a. (1) Example GROUND.WK1 Printout Figure 33. Paragraph 26 a. (3) Example IM Program Configuration Figure 34. Paragraph 26 a. (4) Example of IM Program Printout

APPENDIX 2. TECHNICAL DATA FOR VHF/UHF COMMUNICATIONS FREQUENCY

ENGINEERING

Figure 1. VHF Allocations - 118-137 MHz

1. VHF/UHF Frequency Engineering

2. FPSV

Figure 2. FPSVs Figure 3. High Altitude Enroute and Local Control FPSVs to Approximate Scale and As Normally Shown Pictorially Figure 4. Example of En Route Dimensions Figure 5. Typical Terminal FPSV Dimensions

3. ATC Assignment Criteria

4. RLOS

Figure 6. Comparison of Distance to Horizon From the Same Altitude Between Actual and Hypothetical 4/3 Earth Radius

5. Intersite Frequency Engineering Procedures Figure 7. Cochannel Configuration For Undesired/Desired Distance Ratio

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6. Intersite Cochannel Analysis By the Table Method Figure 8. Mileage Separation Tables For Usual FPSVs

7. Adjacent Channel Considerations Figure 9. Adjacent Channel Vertical Separation Figure 10. 1st Adjacent Channel Separation Required

8. Intersite Cochannel Analysis Figure 11. Cochannel Analysis by Calculation Figure 12. Comparison of D/U and Distance Between Facilities With One Tailored Service Volume

9. Cosite Interference Considerations

10. Limits of Coverage Charts Figure 13. Limits of Coverage - VHF - Antenna Height = 10' Figure 14. Limits of Coverage - VHF - Antenna Height = 25' Figure 15. Limits of Coverage - VHF - Antenna Height = 50' Figure 16. Limits of Coverage - VHF - Antenna Height = 75' Figure 17. Limits of Coverage - VHF - Antenna Height = 100' Figure 18. Limits of Coverage - VHF - Antenna Height = 150' Figure 19. Limits of Coverage - UHF - Antenna Height = 10' Figure 20. Limits of Coverage - UHF - Antenna Height = 20' Figure 21. Limits of Coverage - UHF - Antenna Height = 30' Figure 22. Limits of Coverage - UHF - Antenna Height = 40' Figure 23. Limits of Coverage - UHF - Antenna Height = 50' Figure 24. Limits of Coverage - UHF - Antenna Height = 75'

APPENDIX 3. NAVAID FREQUENCY ENGINEERING DATA AND PROCEDURES

SECTION 1. FREQUENCY/CHANNELIZATION CHART

Figure 1a. Channel and Frequency Pairing With DME Pulse Time/Codes Figure 1b. Channel and Frequency Pairing With DME Pulse Time/Codes (cont'd) Figure 1c. Channel and Frequency Pairing With DME Pulse Time/Codes (cont'd) Figure 1d. Channel and Frequency Pairing With DME Pulse Time/Codes (cont'd) Figure 1e. Channel and Frequency Pairing With DME Pulse Time/Codes (cont'd) Figure 1f. Channel and Frequency Pairing With DME Pulse Time/Codes (cont'd)

SECTION 2. VOR AND DME/TACAN FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

1. Frequency Engineering Figure 2. FPSV's For VOR, DME/TACAN

2. Frequency Engineering Procedures

3. Intersite Analysis By the Table Method For VOR

4. Intersite Analysis By the Table Method For DME/TACAN

5. DME/TACAN Required Separation

6. Use of the Larger Separation Requirement

7. Permissible Use of Tables Figure 3. VOR/VOR Cochannel Separations Figure 4. VOR/VOR Interim 1st Adjacent Channel -50 kHz- Separations Figure 5. VOR/VOR Final 1st Adjacent Channel -50 kHz- Separations

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Figure 6. VOR/VOR 2nd Adjacent Channel -100 kHz- Separations Figure 7. VOR/LOC Interim 1st Adjacent Channel -50 kHz- separations Figure 8. VOR/LOC Final 1st Adjacent Channel -50 kHz- Separations Figure 9. DME/TACAN Cochannel Separations Figure 10. DME/TACAN 1st Adjacent Channel Separations

8. Intersite Analysis By the Calculation Method Figure 11. VOR, DME and TACAN Antenna Gain Figures

9. Sample of Cochannel Intersite Analysis By the Calculation Method Figure 12. VORTAC Cochannel Intersite Analysis Plot

10. Intersite Analysis of Adjacent Channels Figure 13. VORTAC 2nd Adjacent Channel Intersite Analysis

11. Differences In Site Elevation

12. thru 13. Reserved Figure 14. VOR Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +14 dB Figure 15. VOR Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +17 dB Figure 16. VOR Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +20 dB Figure 17. VOR Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +23 dB Figure 18. VOR Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +26 dB Figure 19. VOR Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +29 dB Figure 20. VOR Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +32 dB Figure 21. ESR Ratio - VOR/VOR @ 1,000' Figure 22. ESR Ratio - VOR/VOR @ 5,000' Figure 23. ESR Ratio - VOR/VOR @ 10,000' Figure 24. ESR Ratio - VOR/VOR @ 15,000' Figure 25. ESR Ratio - VOR/VOR @ 18,000' Figure 26. ESR Ratio - VOR/VOR @ 20,000' Figure 27. ESR Ratio - VOR/VOR @ 30.000' Figure 28. ESR Ratio - VOR/VOR @ 40,000' Figure 29. ESR Ratio - VOR/VOR @ 50,000' Figure 30. ESR Ratio - VOR/LOC. VOR Is Desired @ 1,000' Figure 31. ESR Ratio - VOR/LOC. VOR Is Desired @ 5,000' Figure 32. ESR Ratio - VOR/LOC. VOR Is Desired @ 10,000' Figure 33. ESR Ratio - VOR/LOC. VOR Is Desired @ 15,000' Figure 34. ESR Ratio - VOR/LOC. VOR Is Desired @ 18,000' Figure 35. ESR Ratio - VOR/LOC. VOR Is Desired @ 20,000' Figure 36. ESR Ratio - VOR/LOC. VOR Is Desired @ 30,000' Figure 37. ESR Ratio - VOR/LOC. VOR Is Desired @ 40,000' Figure 38. ESR Ratio - VOR/LOC. VOR Is Desired @ 50,000' Figure 39. DME/TACAN Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +2 dB Figure 40. DME/TACAN Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +5 dB Figure 41. DME/TACAN Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +8 dB Figure 42. DME/TACAN Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +11 dB Figure 43. DME/TACAN Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +14 dB Figure 44. DME/TACAN Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +17 dB Figure 45. DME/TACAN Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +20 dB Figure 46 ESR Ratio - DME/TACAN to DME/TACAN @ 1,000' Figure 47. ESR Ratio - DME/TACAN to DME/TACAN @ 18,000' Figures 48 thru 60. Reserved

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SECTION 3. ILS AND DME FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

14. Frequency Engineering For ILS and DME Figure 61. LOC Front Course FPSV Figure 62. LOC Back Course FPSVs Figure 63. FPSV For ILS GS Figure 64. FPSVs For DMEs Associated With ILS

15. Frequency Engineering Procedures

16. Intersite Analysis By the Table Method For ILS LOCs

17. Intersite Analysis By the Table Method For ILS-DME

18. ILS-DME Required Separation

19. Use of The Larger Separation Requirement

20. ILS Associated DME Adjacent Channel Undesired Figure 65. LOC Separation Distances Defined Figure 66. LOC/LOC Cochannel Radii Separations Figure 67. LOC/LOC 1st Adjacent Channel - 50 kHz - Separations - Interim Figure 68. LOC/LOC 1st Adjacent Channel - 50 kHz - Separations - Final Figure 69. LOC/VOR 1st Adjacent Channel - 50 kHz - Separations - Interim Figure 70. LOC/VOR 1st Adjacent Channel - 50 kHz - Separations - Final Figure 71. LOC/VOR 2nd Adjacent Channel - 100 kHz - Separations Figure 72. ILS-DME Cochannel Separations Figure 73. ILS-DME 1st Adjacent Channel Separations

21. Intersite analysis of ILS by Calculation Method Figure 74. LOC Antenna Gains and Graph Reference Figure 75. Critical Point Separation Distance

22. Special Consideration For ILSs on Opposite Ends of a Runway Figure 76. LOC Intersite Analysis By Calculation

23. LOC Calculation Example Figure 77. DME and TACAN Antenna Gain Figures Figure 78. DME Intersite Analysis by Calculation 24 DME Calculation Example

25. ILS Markers

26. thru 30. Reserved

Figure 79. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -52 dB Figure 80. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -49 dB Figure 81. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -46 dB Figure 82. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -43 dB Figure 83. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -40 dB Figure 84. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -37 dB Figure 85. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -34 dB Figure 86. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -31 dB Figure 87. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -28 dB Figure 88. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -25 dB Figure 89. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -22 dB Figure 90. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -19 dB Figure 91. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -16 dB Figure 92. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -13 dB Figure 93. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -10 dB Figure 94. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -7 dB Figure 95. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -4 dB

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Figure 96. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = -1 dB Figure 97. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +2 dB Figure 98. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +5 dB Figure 99. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +8 dB Figure 100. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +11 dB Figure 101. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +14 dB Figure 102. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +17 dB Figure 103. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +20 dB Figure 104. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +23 dB Figure 105. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +26 dB Figure 106. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +29 dB Figure 107. LOC Facility Separation Curves For ESR = +32 dB Figure 108. ESR ratio - LOC/VOR. LOC Is Desired Facility @ 1,000' Figure 109. ESR ratio - LOC/VOR. LOC Is Desired Facility @ 4,500' Figure 110. ESR ratio - LOC/VOR. LOC Is Desired Facility @ 6,250' Figure 111. LOC LPD (14-10) and (20-10) Antenna Radiation Patterns Figure 112. LOC V Ring Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 113. LOC Travelling Wave - 8 el Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 114. LOC Travelling Wave - 14 el Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 115. LOC LPD 8 El Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 116. LOC LPD 14 el Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 117. LOC LPD GRN-29 Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 118. LOC Travelling Wave 14/6 Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 119. LOC Parabolic Narrow Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 120. LOC Parabolic Wide Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 121. LOC MRN-7 Dipole Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 122. LOC Redlich LPD (14-10) Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 123. LOC Mod. V Ring Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 124. LOC 1201 Dipole Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 125. LOC 1203 Dipole Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 126. LOC 1204 Dipole Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 127. LOC 1261 Dipole Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 128. LOC STAN37 Dipole Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 129. LOC Twin Tee Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 130. LOC Standard 14 el V-Ring Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 131. DME Unidirectional Antenna Radiation Pattern Figure 132. DME Bi-directional Antenna Radiation Pattern Figures 133. thru 140. Reserved

SECTION 4. CHECKING AN FAA PROPOSED ILS FREQUENCY WITH THE AAM

31. ILS Frequency Study Procedure

32. Step By Step Study Procedure

33. Study Results

34. thru 40. Reserved Figure 141a. AAM Printout Page 1 Figure 141b. AAM Printout Page 2 Figure 142a. AAM Printout Page 1 Figure 142b. AAM Printout Page 2 Figure 142c. AAM Printout Page 3 Figure 142d. AAM Printout Page 4

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Figure 142e. AAM Printout Page 5 Figure 142f. AAM Printout Page 6 Figures 143. thru 154. Reserved

SECTION 5. NAVAID RECEIVER TEST FACILITIES FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

41. Frequency Engineering For VOT Test Facilities

42. Frequency Engineering For Secondary Receiver Test Facilities

43. VOT Frequency Engineering By the Table Method Figure 155. Cochannel Separation of VOT and Operating VORs Figure 156. LOC Radii Defined, Cochannel Figure 157. Cochannel Separation of ILS and ILS-Test

44. VOT Frequency Engineering By the Calculation Method Figure 158. VOR Versus Cochannel VOT By Calculation

45. thru 50. Reserved Figure 159. VOR/VOT Cochannel Facility Separation Curves +14 dbW Figure 160. VOR/VOT Cochannel Facility Separation Curves +17 dBW Figure 161. VOR/VOT Cochannel Facility Separation Curves +20 dBW Figures 162. thru 164. Reserved

SECTION 6. ESV FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

51. Frequency Engineering For ESV

52. Minimum Power Available Requirements Figure 165. Power Available Requirements For NAVAID Receivers

53. An Example Of Power Availability Figure 166. Power Available - VOR

54. The Interrelationship Of the VOR and DME/TACAN ESV

55. VOR/DME/TACAN ESV Determination Procedure Figure 167. Critical Point Measurement of an ESV Figure 168. Example of VOR ESV By Calculation

56. ILS-DME ESV Determination Procedure

57. ESV Special Considerations Figure 169. Sample ESV Record Format

58. thru 62. Reserved Figure 170. Power Available Curves - 100 W - VOR 0-50 nmi Figure 171. Power Available Curves - 100 W - VOR 0-220 nmi Figure 172. Power Available Curves - 5 kW - TACAN 0-50 nmi Figure 173. Power Available Curves - 5 kW - TACAN 0-220 nmi Figure 174. Power Available Curves - 100 W - Cardion DME 0-50 nmi Figure 175. Power Available Curves - 100 W - Cardion DME 0-220 nmi Figure 176. Power Available Curves - 100 W - Montek DME 0-50 nmi Figure 177. Power Available Curves - 100 W - Montek DME 0-220 nmi Figure 178. Power Available Curves - 1 kW - Cardion DME 0-50 nmi Figure 179. Power Available Curves - 1 kW - Cardion DME 0-220- nmi Figure 180. Power Available Curves - 1 kW - Montek DME 0-50 nmi Figure 181. Power Available Curves - 1 kW - Montek DME 0-220 nmi Figure 182. Power Available Curves - 100W - FA10153 DME 0-50 nmi Figure 183. Power Available Curves - 100W - FA10153 DME 0-220 nmi

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Figure 184. Power Available Curves - 100W - dBS5100A DME 0-50 nmi Figure 185. Power Available Curves - 100W - dBS5100A DME 0-220 nmi Figure 186. Reserved

SECTION 7. MLS AND DME/P FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

63. Frequency Engineering For MLS and DME/P Figure 187. FPSV For MLS Approach Azimuth/Data Coverage Figure 188. FPSV For MLS Approach Elevation Coverage Figure 189. FPSV For MLS Back Azimuth/Data Coverage Figure 190. FPSV For MLS DME/P Figure 191. Interim MLS Cochannel and Adj. Channel Separation D/U Values Figure 192. DME/P Cochannel and Adjacent Channel Separation D/U Values

64. Frequency Engineering Procedures

65. MLS Intersite Analysis By Table Method Figure 193. Interim MLS Cochannel Separation Distance

66. DME/P Intersite Analysis By Table Method Figure 194. MLS DME/P Assignment Criteria

67. thru 70. Reserved Figures 195 thru 200 Reserved

SECTION 8. LOCAL AREA AUGMENTATION SYSTEM FREQUENCY ENGINEERING

71. Frequency Engineering Figure 201. LAAS/LAAS/VOR Separation Criteria

72. Frequency Engineering Procedures

73. Intersite Analysis by the Table Method for LAAS Figure 202. LAAS/LAAS Cochannel Separations Figure 203. LAAS/VOR Interim 1st Adjacent Channel 50 kHz Separations Figure 204. LAAS/VOR Final 1st Adjacent Channel 50 kHz Separations

APPENDIX 4. TECHNICAL DATA FOR VHF/UHF/SHF LINKS

Figure 1. Technical Parameters, ATT FR8 RCL Figure 2. FR8 Interference Susceptibility Curves Figure 3. Technical Parameters, TML Figure 4. TML Interference Susceptibility Curves Figure 5. FAA Low Density RCL Path Design Criteria Figure 6. MDR 6X08 Specifications Figure 7. Nomograph For Free Space Propagation Loss Figure 8. Nomograph For Parabolic Antenna Gain Figure 9. Available Computer Analysis Models

APPENDIX 5. GLOSSARY (9 pages)

APPENDIX 6. EMISSION DESIGNATORS (2 pages)

APPENDIX 7. FORMULAS USED IN THIS ORDER (1 page)

Page xiv

APPENDIX 8. SOME PROCEDURES FOR RADAR ANTENNA VERTICAL PATTERN

MEASUREMENT BY SOLAR MEANS

1. General

2. Two Methods of Solar Measurements

3. Manual Measurement Figure 1. Block Diagram of Manual Measurement Figure 2. Sample Recording With Calibration, Time and Amplitude Markings Figure 3. Sample Plot of Analyzed Recording

4. Automated Measurement Figure 4. Automated Radar Antenna Solar Measurement Block Diagram

5. Documentation

Page xv (and xvi)

CHAPTER 1. GENERAL

1. PURPOSE. This order establishes and describes the spectrum management function in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and delineates policies and procedures for the allocation and engineering of this scarce resource.

2. DISTRIBUTION. This order is distributed to the director level in headquarters, the William J. Hughes Technical Center, and the Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center; to division level in the Technical Operations, Enroute and Oceanic, and Terminal Service Areas; and to all field offices with a supervisory distribution.

3. CANCELLATION. This order cancels and supersedes Order 6050.32A, dated May 1, 1998.

4. EXPLANATION OF CHANGES.

a. Many chapters and appendices have been updated and expanded to reflect, in particular, current FAA policy and ensure appropriate guidance in addressing the broad range of issues related to aeronautical radio frequency spectrum engineering and usage. A number of the more significant changes are highlighted in the following items.

b. Chapter 8 has been updated with new guidance on Obstruction Evaluation notification requirements and automation tools.

c. Chapter 9 has been updated to include guidance regarding the Sustaining Backup Emergency Communications (BUEC) systems, as well as guidance on temporary frequency assignments for, in particular, Air Shows and Fire Fighting.

d. Chapters 14 and 15 have been updated to reflect the current automation and analysis tools to better detect, document, and resolve radio frequency interference (RFI) cases.

e. Chapter 16 has been expanded to address guidelines for radiation hazard measurements and related procedures, as a result of the cancellation on April 22, 1999, of FAA Order 3910.3A, Radiation Health Hazards and Protection, dated October 19, 1983.

f. Chapter 17 has been updated to reflect new frequency allotments, a new channel plan, additional fixed communications systems, and new transmit emission standards.

g. Chapter 19 has been renamed to Automated Engineering (previously Automated Frequency Manager (AFM)) and expanded to more broadly reflect the increased use of automation in satisfying spectrum engineering and analysis functions.

h. Appendix 2 has been updated to reflect new policy changes to the engineering criteria and frequency uses that have been developed for the Air-Ground VHF Communications frequency bands.

i. A new Appendix 3, Section 8 has been added to address Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) frequency engineering.

6050.32B Chapter 1 - continued 11/17/05

Page 2 (thru 6)

5. FORMS. The following forms may be obtained from the FAA Depot through normal supply channels (see the latest edition of Order 1330.3):

a. FAA Form 6050-1, Facility Transmitting Authorization, NSN 0052-00-688-6001;

unit of issue: sheet.

b. FAA Form 6050-2, Transmitter Identification and Operation Authorization, NSN 0052-00-694-9000; unit of issue: sheet.

c. FAA Form 6050-4, Expanded Service Volume Request, NSN 0052-00-845-6000, unit of issue: set.

6. thru 199. RESERVED.

CHAPTER 2. THE RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) SPECTRUM

200. RF SPECTRUM. The RF or electromagnetic spectrum is a finite natural resource used by every country in the world. The internationally used frequency unit is the "Hertz," named for an early pioneer in spectrum research. The Hertz (Hz) is defined as one cycle per second (cps), with further prefixes from the Greek to indicate multipliers. One thousand Hz is defined as 1 kiloHertz (kHz), one million Hz is 1 MegaHertz (MHz) and one billion Hz is 1 GigaHertz (GHz), etc. The electromagnetic spectrum emissions of interest, which are called the radio frequency bands, begin at 10 kHz and end at 300 GHz. Above 300 GHz are visible light, X-rays, gamma rays and other electromagnetic phenomena.

201. MAKEUP OF THE SPECTRUM.

a. By international agreement, the radio spectrum is divided into major bands in frequency decimal multiples of three. The radio spectrum was originally defined in terms of metric system wavelengths. The three multiple came into use because the speed of light and electromagnetic propagation is about 300 million meters per second in free space. The length of a full wavelength is 3 x 108 meters per second (m/s) divided by the frequency in Hz. Noting this frequency/wavelength relationship, a frequency of 3 MHz calculates to 100 meters for a full wavelength.

b. These decade bands of frequencies have international defined names, using common terms. For example, the band of frequencies from 30 kHz to 300 kHz is named Low Frequency (LF) and 300 kHz to 3 MHz is designated Medium Frequency (MF). The bands continue from LF and MF to High (HF), Very High (VHF), Ultra High (UHF) and Super High (SHF) with continuations above and below these ranges. The frequency band names are divided by decimal breaks defined in wavelengths; e.g., 300 kHz is 1000 meters, 3,000 kHz is 100 meters, etc. The United States uses frequency in Hz as the unit for specific administrative tracking of spectrum assignments.

202. SPECTRUM LIMITATION CONSIDERATIONS.

a. Aeronautical safety systems shall be accommodated in aeronautical spectrum which is specifically allocated for the service being satisfied and which is used exclusively by aeronautical safety systems. This ensures protection from non-aeronautical users so that the high levels of integrity and availability required by civil aviation can be met.

b. Congestion within the available spectrum is not the only factor limiting its use. First and primarily are the international agreements and treaties to which the United States is a signatory. These matters are covered in detail in chapter 3. Second is the necessary frequency bandwidth required to convey the transmitted information. Other considerations are spectrum efficiency, propagation, capacity, equipment, economics and interference.

c. International agreements divide the spectrum into bands for either exclusive or shared use by a specific service. The aeronautical service is just one of many defined services which have allocations in specific and limited bands. The aeronautical mobile (R) and aeronautical radionavigation services are directly related to safety of life and property in the air. Therefore, most such bands are allocated exclusively worldwide, where the operations deal directly with operation of aircraft. Ancillary aeronautical services, such as fixed microwave point-to-point systems, are shared with other users.

d. Aeronautical service frequency bands are distributed throughout the radio spectrum.

6050.32B Chapter 2 - continued 11/17/05

e. Propagation characteristics play a major role in the limitations on use of the assigned spectrum. LF and MF operate primarily on groundwave and can cover hundreds or thousands of miles day or night quite reliably.

HF uses the ionosphere to reflect signals for great distances around the earth, but are greatly affected by day-to-night and seasonal changes. Beginning around the VHF band, "radio line-of-sight" (RLOS) propagation conditions exist. RLOS extends the visual line-of-sight distance by virtue of the phenomenon that radio waves "bend" near large objects such as the earth. See the Appendix 2 for details. At VHF frequencies and above, radio signals travel in a straight line, modified by the bending of the path due to the RLOS effect. Large metallic or electrically-conducting objects such as steel buildings will attenuate, retard or deflect the signal's path. Signal reflection occurs under some conditions, but it is not considered as a reliable path except where the reflector is a part of the planned path.

f. Technical equipment, particularly its changing style as the state-of-the-art progresses, places severe restrictions on the spectrum engineer in engineering frequencies. For example, the original channel assignments in the VHF communications band were every 200 kHz on the odd frequencies between 118.1 and 126.9 MHz, e.g., 118.1, 118.3, etc. Congestion required narrowing the channels to 100 kHz so frequencies could then be assigned on every decimal frequency, 118.1. 118.2, etc. While technically the number of channels doubled per MHz, all could not be used simply. There were still thousands of 200 kHz channeled transceivers in use. It took years of education and finally agency orders to permit the spectrum engineer full use of the 100 kHz channels.

Subsequent congestion brought further reduction to 50 kHz, then currently to 25 kHz channels, yet protection for a "grandfather" period for older operating equipment always must be given.

g. Economics also has a very big impact on the spectrum engineer's ability to engineer frequencies. As described in subparagraph e, even though revised frequency engineering allocations establishes additional channels, they may not necessarily be able to be used. Whether airline or a private aircraft owner, the ability to meet all the requirements for new equipment to meet technological advances is limited by the ability to pay for it.

h. Interference can be defined as any undesired signal or energy which prohibits or degrades the normal reception of the desired signal. It can be divided into three broad categories; adjacent channel or cochannel radio sources, man-made electrical noise, and natural solar and atmospheric noise.

(1) Adjacent channel or cochannel interference is caused by undesired radio transmissions which the receiving device is unable to separate from the desired transmission. Adjacent channel interference is caused by emitters using nearby channels and occurs because of the inability of the pass band of the victim receiver to discriminate against near-frequency signals. Cochannel interference is caused by emitters using the same frequency which are too close geographically. Proven radio frequency spectrum engineering criteria are used by the spectrum engineer to establish an interference-free assigned frequency.

(2) Man-made interference is the most common and most insidious. The sources are limitless, from "plastic welders," to electric motors of all types, to the incidental and spurious radiation of other transmitters. In addition, there are cases of intentional interference, so-called "bogus" or "phantom" controllers, which FAA must investigate (and prosecute) with the help of other agencies.

(3) Solar and atmospheric noise are outside human control. The sun emits an enormous amount of energy throughout the spectrum, varying in day-to-day intensity and frequency. In frequencies through VHF, solar radiation and atmospheric noise such as lightning and precipitation static are significant. From UHF and above, noise generated internally in equipment is the controlling factor.

11/17/05 Chapter 2 - continued 6050.32B

(4) Intermodulation is defined as the presence of unwanted signals at the output of a less-than-ideal amplifier resulting from modulation of the components of a complex waveform by each other in a nonlinear system. When two or more signals are applied to a nonlinear device, a mixing or intermodulation action results and signals are produced, having frequencies equal to the sums and differences of the original input signals, among other signals. An otherwise linear device may be driven into nonlinear operation in the presence of strong external signal levels. Although most cases occur in receivers, problems do occur when two or more transmitters start radiating a mixed frequency created when a mix occurs in their final amplifiers, particularly when their antennas are in close proximity. Detailed information will be found in Appendix 2.

(5) Desensitization is the deterioration of reception of a desired signal due to the proximity of a very strong signal. The source of the problem could be of any frequency theoretically, but in practice, communications frequencies usually are effected only by very strong signals below about 1 GHz. The strong signal drives the receiver into non-linear function, desensitizing normal reception as well as generating many unwanted spurious signals within the receiver.

203. thru 299. RESERVED.

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CHAPTER 3. HISTORY, AUTHORITIES, AND RESPONSIBILITIES

300. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS. The FAA, as one of the major users of the RF spectrum in the United States, has an important national role in the management of frequencies. In turn, the nation has a major responsibility to the rest of the world in the orderly development and application of the RF spectrum within the international community. To acquaint the reader with the need for effective spectrum management within the agency, this chapter presents an historical background of the development and current national and international administrative authorities and responsibilities. Although it complicates the task, agency spectrum management is bound by many international treaties, as well as the regulatory framework imposed by the dual spectrum control entities in the United States: the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA).

301. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS.

a. International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

(1) ITU. The ITU is an arm of the United Nations, with its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. It is the fundamental authority for spectrum allocation and management. The ITU currently has a membership of nearly 190 nations, and 650 Sector Members (companies). The organization is one of the oldest international groups in existence. In 1932, it became the successor to the International Telegraph Union that was created in 1865.

(2) ITU Authority. The ITU expresses its authority through the same channels as any other multilateral treaty system. Regulations adopted by this international body must then be ratified further and signed by the various administrations (nations) represented. These regulations are developed at conferences and through negotiation where representatives of member nations formulate recommendations that are presented to the plenary body in session for formal voting action leading to adoption. The adopted policies are then published and include detailed regulations and policies in such areas as terminology, assignment and use of frequencies, band allocations, frequency registration, technical specifications, measures against interference, administrative provisions for stations and distress and safety procedures.

(3) Structure of the Union. An organizational diagram of the ITU, showing major functions of concern to the FAA, is presented in figure 3-1. Some major activities and elements of the Union are as follows:

(a) Plenipotentiary Conference. Meeting at intervals of normally not less than 5 years, the Plenipotentiary Conference determines the general policies for fulfilling the purposes of the Union. It reviews the work of the Union and revises the Convention (organization definition) if considered necessary.

(b) World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC). A WRC is normally convened every three to four years to consider specific radiocommunication matters. A WRC may revise the Radio Regulations, or deal with any radiocommunication matter of worldwide character in accordance with its agenda. The Radio Regulations constitute an international treaty on radiocommunication and cover the use of the radio frequency spectrum by radiocommunication services.

(c) Council. The Council sets the final agenda for a WRC, normally two years before the conference is held.

6050.32B Chapter 3 - continued 11/17/05

FIGURE 3-1. PARTIAL ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF THE ITU

11/17/05 Chapter 3 - continued 6050.32B

(d) Secretary General. The Secretary General is responsible to the Council for external relations, public information and other directed functions. The office provides secretarial services for all conferences and publishes the monthly journal services in several languages for distribution to member nations.

(e) Radiocommunication Sector. The Radiocommunication Sector is one of three major Sectors directly under the authority of the Plenipotentiary Conference and the Council. Its primary functions are to provide for international frequency registration, technical and administrative support to radiocommunication study groups, to provide conference and assembly support and to provide seminars and training.

b. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). ICAO is to the international scene as FAA is to the national, except that it is only advisory, without authority to enforce its recommendations. Member nations, including the United States, strive for strict adherence to ICAO standards. See figure 3-2. The following is a summary of the ICAO goals:

(1) Ensure safe and orderly growth of international aviation throughout the world.

(2) Encourage the arts of aircraft design and operation for peaceful purposes.

(3) Encourage the development of airways, airports and air navigation facilities for international civil aviation.

(4) Meet the needs of the people of the world for safe, regular, efficient and economical air transport.

(5) Prevent economic waste caused by unreasonable competition.

(6) Ensure that rights of contracting nations are respected fully and those nations given equal opportunity.

(7) Promote safety of flight in international air navigation.

(8) Annexes to the ICAO Convention (the "Chicago Convention" which established ICAO) establish international standards and recommended practices (SARPs) for aeronautical requirements such as licensing, airworthiness, security, air traffic, search and rescue, communications, etc. "Standards" are necessary for the safety or regularity of international aviation and "recommended practices" are desirable for the safety or regularity of international aviation.

6050.32B Chapter 3 - continued 11/17/05

FIGURE 3-2a. ICAO ASSEMBLY ORGANIZATION CHART

FIGURE 3-2b. ICAO SECRETARIAT ORGANIZATION CHART

11/17/05 Chapter 3 - continued 6050.32B

(9) ICAO operates and functions as follows:

(a) The Assembly is the sovereign body of ICAO and includes over 180 Contracting States. It meets at least once every three years and handles broad policy issues. Each contracting State has one vote on an issue.

(b) The Council is the governing body of ICAO. It is a resident body comprised of 33 representatives from Member States elected by the Assembly for three-year terms. One of the primary duties of the Council is to adopt SARP's and incorporate these as Annexes to the Convention to achieve international uniformity/standardization and improve air safety, efficiency and regularity of flight. The U.S. has had a representative member on the Council since the beginning of ICAO.

(c) The Air Navigation Commission (ANC) is comprised of 15 qualified technical experts from Member States appointed by the Council. ANC is responsible for examining, coordination and planning all of ICAO's work in the air navigation field and is the principal body concerned with developing SARPs. The ANC forms panels and study groups consisting of outside technical experts to study specific issues and make recommendations to the Council. A technical expert nominated by the U.S. has been a member of the Commission since the beginning of ICAO. This expert has historically had an FAA background.

1. While Headquarters Monitors work on nearly all ICAO Panels, the two which routinely address radio spectrum issues and on which Headquarters participates, are the Aeronautical Mobile Communications Panel (AMCP) and the Global Navigation Satellite System Panel (GNSSP). Working Group F of the AMCP addresses aeronautical radio spectrum issues in general, and develops the ICAO position for WRCs.

2. AMCP studies aeronautical mobile communications issues and develops SARPs for air-ground communications, satellite communications and associated systems. GNSSP is developing the SARPs for the future Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).

(d) The Air Transport Committee normally does not address radio spectrum issues. It is comprised of representatives from Member States who are appointed by the Council. Its work includes research and recommendations such as policy guidance on airport and route facility economics and management. It considers air transport issues in global conferences. The Air Transport Committee also forms panels and study groups to process its work.

(e) The Secretariat serves as ICAO's permanent administrative body. The Secretariat staff maintains ICAO documents and its bodies include the Air Na