32_16_23_-_CONCRETE_SIDEWALK_AND_STEPS.pdf

Okaloosa County June 2026 “ITB TDD 65-26” Issue for Bid

CONCRETE SIDEWALK AND STEPS

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SECTION 32 16 23

CONCRETE SIDEWALK AND STEPS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Concrete sidewalk and steps.

1.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Referenced Standards:

1. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO):

a. M153, Preformed Sponge Rubber and Cork Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction.

b. M171, Sheet Materials for Curing Concrete.

c. M182, Burlap Cloth Made from Jute or Kenaf.

d. M213, Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structure

Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Bituminous Types).

e. M224, Use of Protective Sealers for Portland Cement Concrete.

f. M233, Boiled Linseed Oil Mixture for Treatment of Portland Cement Concrete.

2. American Concrete Institute (ACI):

a. 305R, Hot Weather Concreting.

b. 306R, Cold Weather Concreting.

3. ASTM International (ASTM):

a. A185, Standard Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain, for Concrete.

b. A615, Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete

Reinforcement.

c. A1064, Standard Specification for Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete.

d. C33, Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates.

e. C150, Standard Specification for Portland Cement.

f. C309, Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing

Concrete.

g. D698, Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using

Standard Effort (12,400 feet-LBF/FT3).

h. D4253, Standard Test Methods for Maximum Index Density and Unit Weight of Soils

Using a Vibratory Table.

i. D4254, Standard Test Methods for Minimum Index Density and Unit Weight of Soils and Calculation of Relative Density.

4. Federal Specification (FS):

a. SS-S-1614, Sealants, Joint, Jet-Fuel-Resistant, Hot-Applied for Portland Cement and Tar Concrete Pavements.

b. TT-S 00227 E(3), Sealing Compound: Elastomeric Type, Multi-Component (for Calking, Sealing, and Glazing in Buildings and Other Structures).

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Shop Drawings:

1. Product technical data including:

a. Acknowledgement that products submitted meet requirements of standards referenced.

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2. Qualifications of concrete installer.

3. Drawings detailing all reinforcing.

4. Concrete cylinder test results from field quality control.

B. Samples:

1. Samples of fabricated jointing materials and devices.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MANUFACTURERS

A. Subject to compliance with the Contract Documents, the following manufacturers are acceptable:

1. Chemical admixtures:

a. Sika Chemical Corporation.

b. Master Builders Solutions.

c. Protex Industries.

d. W. R. Grace and Company.

2.2 MATERIALS

A. Portland Cement:

1. ASTM C150, Type I or II.

B. Aggregates:

1. ASTM C33, gradation size #67, 3/4 inches to #4.

C. Water:

1. Potable quality.

D. Admixtures:

1. Comply with Specification Section 03 31 30.

E. Reinforcing Bars:

1. ASTM A615, Grade 60.

F. Welded Wire Reinforcement:

1. ASTM A185 or ASTM A1064.

2. Flat.

3. Clean, free from dirt, scale, rust.

G. Preformed Joint Filler:

1. Nonextruding cork, self-expanding cork, sponge rubber or cork rubber.

2. Meet AASHTO M153 or AASHTO M213.

H. Hot-Poured Joint Sealing Material:

1. FS SS-S-1614.

I. Sidewalk Joint Sealant:

1. Two compound, polyurethane sealant.

2. Class A, Type 1.

3. Self-leveling.

4. Nontracking.

5. FS TT-S 00227 E(3).

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J. Membrane Curing Compound:

1. ASTM C309.

K. Cover Materials for Curing:

1. Burlap:

a. AASHTO M182.

b. Minimum Class 2, 8 oz material (1 yard x 42 inches).

2. Polyethylene film:

a. AASHTO M171.

L. Paper Subgrade Cover:

1. Polyethylene film, AASHTO M171.

M. Concrete Treatment:

1. Boiled linseed oil mixture.

2. Meets AASHTO M233.

N. Forms:

1. Steel or wood.

2. Size and strength to resist movement during concrete placement and to retain horizontal and vertical alignment.

3. Free of distortion and defects.

4. Full depth.

5. Metal Side Forms:

a. Minimum 7/32 inches thick.

b. Depth equal to edge thickness of concrete.

c. Flat or rounded top minimum 1-3/4 inches wide.

d. Base 8 inches wide or equal to height, whichever is less.

e. Maximum deflection 1/8 inches under center load of 1700 pounds.

f. Use flexible spring steel forms or laminated boards to form radius bends.

2.3 MIXES

A. Mix design to provide 4,000 psi 28-day compressive strength, 1-1/2 inches +1 inches slump, 6% air.

B. Comply with Specification Section 03 31 30 and Specification Section 03 31 31.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Subgrade Preparation:

1. Prepare using methods, procedures, and equipment necessary to attain required compaction densities, elevation and section.

2. Scarify and recompact top 6 inches of fills and embankments which will be sidewalk and step areas.

3. Remove soft or spongy areas.

a. Replace with aggregate material.

4. Compact to the following densities:

a. Cohesive soils: 95% per ASTM D698.

b. Noncohesive soils: 75% relative per ASTM D4253 and ASTM D4254.

5. Assure moisture content is within limits prescribed to achieve required compaction density.

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6. Following compaction, trim and roll to exact cross section.

a. Check with approved grading template.

7. Perform density tests on subgrade to determine that subgrade complies with the specification.

B. Aggregate Course:

1. Place material in not more than 6 inches thick layers.

2. Spread, shape, and compact all material deposited on the subgrade during the same day.

3. Compact to 75% relative per ASTM D4253 and ASTM D4254.

C. Loose and Foreign Material:

1. Remove loose and foreign material immediately before application of paving.

D. Appurtenance Preparation:

1. Block out or box out curb inlets and curb returns.

2. Provide for joint construction as detailed and dimensioned on Drawings.

3. Adjust manholes, inlets, valve boxes and any other utility appurtenances to design grade.

a. Secure to elevation with concrete.

b. Place concrete up to 5 inches below design grade.

4. Clean and oil forms.

3.2 ERECTION, INSTALLATION AND APPLICATION

A. Forms:

1. Form support:

a. Compact soil foundation and cut to grade to support forms.

b. Use bearing stakes driven flush with bottom of form to supplement support as necessary.

c. Do not use earth pedestals.

2. Staking forms:

a. Joint forms neatly and tightly.

b. Stake and pin securely with at least three pins for each 10 feet section.

3. Clean and oil forms prior to placement of concrete.

4. Set forms sufficiently in advance of work (minimum 2 hours) to permit proper inspection.

5. Previously finished pavement or curb and gutter contiguous with new work may serve as side form when specifically approved.

B. Reinforcing:

1. Lap mats one full space.

2. Tie end transverse member of upper mat securely to prevent curling.

3. Lap nonwelded bars 12 inches minimum.

4. Support:

a. Place bars securely on chairs at called-for height.

b. Place other fabric on the first of a two-course pour and cover promptly with final pour, or place fabric by a fabric-placer if procedure is reviewed and approved by Engineer.

C. Joints:

1. Hold locations and alignment to within + 1/4 inches.

2. Finish concrete surface adjacent to previous section to within + 1/8 inches, with tooled radius of 1/4 inches.

3. Metal keyway joints:

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a. Form by installing metal joint strip, left in place.

b. Stake and support like side form.

c. Provide dowels or tie bars.

4. Weakened plane joints:

a. Locate at 6 feet intervals.

b. Tool groove in freshly placed concrete with tooling device.

c. Groove dimensions shall be 3/8 inches at surface and 1/4 inches at root.

5. Install construction joints at end of day's work or wherever concreting must be interrupted for 30 minutes or more.

6. Expansion joints:

a. Locate at 48 feet intervals and at all intersection curb returns.

b. Stake in place load transfer device consisting of dowels.

c. Supporting and spacing means and premolded joint filler as per Drawing details.

d. Provide preformed joint filler at all junctions with existing sidewalks, steps, or other structures.

7. Thoroughly clean and fill joints with joint sealing material as specified.

8. Upper surface of filled joint to be flush to 1/8 inches below finish surface.

D. Place Concrete:

1. Construct driveway openings and other features as per Drawing details.

E. Cold and Hot Weather Concreting:

1. Cold weather:

a. Cease concrete placing when descending air temperature in shade falls below 40 degrees F.

b. Do not resume until ambient temperature has risen to 40 degrees F.

c. If placing is authorized below 40 degrees F by Engineer, maintain temperature of mix between 60 and 80 degrees F.

d. Heat aggregates or water or both.

e. Water temperature may not exceed 175 degrees F.

f. Aggregate temperature may not exceed 150 degrees F.

g. Remove and replace frost damaged concrete.

h. Salt or other antifreeze is not permitted.

i. Comply with ACI 306R.

2. Hot weather:

a. Cease concrete placing when plastic mix temperature cannot be maintained under 90 degrees F.

b. Aggregates or water or both may be cooled.

c. Cool water with crushed ice.

d. Cool aggregates by evaporation or water spray.

e. Never batch cement hotter than 160 degrees F.

f. Comply with ACI 305R.

F. Finishing:

1. As soon as placed, strike off and screed to crown and cross section, slightly above grade, so that consolidation and finishing will bring to final Drawing elevations.

2. Maintain uniform ridge full width with first pass of first screed.

3. Test with 6 feet straightedges equipped with long handles and operated from sidewalk.

4. Draw excess water and laitance off from surface.

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5. Float finish so as to leave no disfiguring marks but to produce a uniform granular or sandy texture.

6. Broom finish after floating.

7. Tool edges with suitable edger.

8. Provide exposed aggregate surfaces in areas indicated on the Drawings.

9. Provide method such as abrasive blasting, bush hammering, or surface retarder acceptable to the Engineer.

G. Curing:

1. Apply membrane curing compound complying with ASTM C309, and in accordance with manufacturer's directions but at a rate of minimum 200 square feet per gallon.

2. Apply curing compound within 4 hours after finishing or as soon as surface moisture has dissipated.

3. Cure for minimum of seven days.

4. When average daily temperature is below 50 degrees F, provide insulative protection of 12 inches minimum thickness loose dry straw, or equivalent, for 10 days.

5. Linseed oil sealant:

a. For concrete sidewalk and step, seal surface with linseed oil.

b. Apply linseed oil to clean surface as per AASHTO M224 after concrete has cured for 1 month.

c. Apply first application at rate of 67 square yards per gallon.

d. Apply second application to a dry surface at rate of 40 square yards per gallon.

H. Protection of Concrete:

1. Protect new sidewalk, steps, and their appurtenances from traffic for a minimum of 14 days.

2. Repair or replace parts of sidewalk and steps damaged by traffic, or other causes, prior to final acceptance.

I. Opening to Traffic:

1. After 14 days, area may, at Owner's discretion, be opened to traffic if job cured cylinders have attained a compressive strength of 3000 pounds per square inch when tested in accordance with ASTM standard methods.

2. Prior to opening to traffic, clean and refill joints as required with specified filler material.

J. Clean Up:

1. Assure clean-up work is completed within two weeks after sidewalk has been opened to traffic.

2. No new work will begin until clean-up work has been completed, or is maintained within 2 weeks after sidewalk has been opened to traffic.

K. Handrails:

1. Provide handrails where required and as per Drawing details.

3.3 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Provide test cylinders in accordance with Specification Section 03 05 05 for each 100 CUYD of placed concrete.

END OF SECTION

7. Perform density tests on subgrade to determine that subgrade complies with the specification.

4. Clean and oil forms.

END OF SECTION