GRASP_Overview_Pre-proposal_Slides.pptx

Andrew L. Dent, MA, MBA Program Director

Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program (GRASP) Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences

ATSDR

GRASP IDIQ Pre-Proposal Conference Feb 16, 2018

Geography and Public Health and Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program

GRASP

GRASP Mission The mission of GRASP is to provide leadership and expertise in the application of the concepts, methods, and tools of geography and geospatial information science to public health research and practice.

GRASP Objectives Research and analyze geospatial trends and patterns relevant to, public health, environmental health, and emergency preparedness.

Collaborate with scientists and researchers at the CDC/ATSDR and among our public health partners to address public health, environmental health, and emergency preparedness & response issues.

Geospatially enable Agency scientists and systems with data, consulting, technology, and training.

Contribute to a vibrant geospatial community among public health professionals.

Embrace, leverage and promote GIS and geospatial technology.

Maps Source: Public Health Assessment: LCP Chemical. ATSDR (2010).

P L A C E

AND

H E A L T H

Working with Place: Geography, Geospatial Science, Geospatial Statistics, GIS or Cartography?

All terms represent a different articulation of the following :

Qualitative characterization of space/place Quantitative space/place-based analytic activities, descriptive geostatistics, and/or predictive modeling, and Visualization and mapping Today will often use the term GIS to represent all of the above.

Source: GRASP PRJ ID 03446 /AfricaTransmission DHFR_Triple_4_27_09.pdf

GIS: The Geography Work Bench A GIS is a system designed to… Capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical data.

A GIS is comprised of… Hardware Software Data Procedures People

Map Source: Kelly Air Force Base Public Health Assessment (1998).

Analysis & Training

Public Health Emergencies

GIS

Technology

Geospatial Research

Analysis, Visualization & Training GRASP applies geospatial concepts, methods, and tools to public health practice.

Develops and delivers GIS for Public Health Training for agency Feature Project Daytime – Nighttime Population

Map Source: GRASP Intro Map Redesign 04054 (2014).

Intro Map Series From 1 map to 12… Expanded single GIS Intro Map to become the GIS Intro Map Series, a set of 12 maps incorporating multiple data sets.

Highlight: Intro Map Series provided NCEH/OEHE with an initial orientation to the area affected by the Yellowstone River Oil Spill (MT) (Jan 2015).

Map Increase in ATSDR Documents LCP Chemical Site, Brunswick GA 2 to 35 maps Validated: 02/03/2015 (2 maps in 1994 LCP Chemical Health Consult, 35 maps in LCP Chemical Dry Land Soils PHA). SRC: PRESENT DHAC_Site_Rounds_GRASP_Final_v2_FOR_REVIEW

Healthy People 2020 School Siting Objective GRASP is responsible for providing baseline and follow-up estimates evaluating progress toward attainment EH Objective 23.

EH 23 specifies a reduction in the number of schools located near major roadways in the US Highlight: Integration of geospatial science and technology with health policy.

Source: Text and Image Source: GRASP Intranet 02/03/2015.

Number of Elementary Schools Within 150m of Major Hwy, LA County CA 89 schools Source: GRASP Intranet (Acquired June 2015).

Geospatial Epidemiology and Applied Research Conducts applied geospatial research Develops and shares methods applicable to public health research and practice.

Source: GRASP, New Orleans SVI Map (2010).

Polycythemia Vera Cancer Cluster Investigation

ATSDR used a recently-discovered biomarker (JAK2) to confirm 33 PV cases.

Geocoding of cases performed

Geocoding & Mapping of PV Cases Counties:

Luzerne 315,754 Schuylkill 149,176 Carbon 59,506

Cities:

Hazleton 80,351 Wilkes-Barre 43,123 Pottsville 15,549 Tamaqua 7,174 Jim Thorpe 4,804 Total Population:

524,436

96 registry cases over 5 years (33 confirmed)

Rate =

3.7 per 100,00

Wilkes-Barre

Further Inspection… Potential cluster is actually located in area of high population density Areas of lower population have similar number of cases (McAdoo) Further analysis was required

McAdoo Area

About SaTScan Cluster Analysis A cluster is an “unusual concentration of health events in space and time”1 Detecting clusters with SaTScan… SaTScan implements the Martin Kulldorf f spatial scan statistic2, which utilizes a series of windows in which observed and expected observations are compared.3 All cluster alarms are evaluated for statistical significance.

Cromley, Ellen K. and McLafferty, Sara L. GIS and Public Health. The Guilford Press, New York: 2002, p. 130.

Chen et al. Geovisual analytics to enhance spatial scan statistic interpretation: an analysis of US cervical cancer mortality. International Journal of Health Geographics, 2008, 7:57.

Kulldorff, Martin. SaTScan User Guide (v9.0). July 2010.

SaTScan Cluster Analysis Although some locations in tri-county area had higher rates than other areas, only one statistically significant cluster was identified.

Not 4 expected cases Actually 18 cases inside the cluster

4 on the same street 2 in the same house

Probability of random occurrence < 1 in 1 million Spatial Cluster Analysis of JAK2+ Confirmed Cases

Healthcare Accessibility Time and distance barriers to mammography facilities in the Atlanta, Metropolitan area Analyze spatial accessibility to mammography screening facilities in the Atlanta metropolitan area.

Source: Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program (GRASP), Division of Health Studies, ATSDR.

Results

A transportation network analysis provides more realistic time/distance measurements A transportation network analysis provides more realistic time/distance measurements

Overall, median public transportation time to the nearest mammography facility in the 2 county study area is almost 51 minutes.

As vehicle access decreased, time to facilities decreased. However, census tracts with majority African-American population had longer travel times for all levels of vehicle availability.

Source: Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program (GRASP), Division of Health Studies, ATSDR.

Indoor Radon Exposure Risk in Schools

Purpose: Explore relationship between environmental conditions and high indoor radon levels in effort to:

Raise awareness of radon risk.

Influence school policies related to radon testing and radon-resistant construction.

Source: Text and Image Source: GRASP Intranet 02/03/2015.

Students at Risk for Radon Exposure Gwinnett County, Georgia 58,634 students Validated: GRASP (2013). Foster, Stephanie & Leach, Olivia.

Social Vulnerability Index

(SVI)

Background: Social vulnerability characterizes a community’s capacity to prepare for and respond to the stress of hazardous events ranging from natural disasters to human-caused events.

Purpose: SVI is an index of 15 socio-demographic variables used to characterize social vulnerability of US populations.1

Users in the Public Health Community:

Includes organizations in NC, NH, TN, and TX.

Impact: SVI has enabled public health partners to better prepare for and respond to all-hazard events of all types.

LATEST UPDATE: SVI validation is underway.

GRASP Project # 2783

Source: GRASP, New Orleans SVI Map (2010).

1. Reference: Flanagan, Barry E.; Gregory, Edward W.; Hallisey, Elaine J.; Heitgerd, Janet L.; and Lewis, Brian (2011) "A Social Vulnerability Index for Disaster Management," Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management: Vol. 8: Iss. 1, Article 3.

SVI Fact Sheet

Environmental Burden Index (EBI) State of Environmental Data: Environmental data is widely available but difficult to use and analyze.

Challenge: Understanding environmental quality is difficult without extensive research.

What is the EBI? ATSDR’s Environmental Burden Index (EBI) aggregates multiple environmental data sources into one easy-to-use index to estimate environmental quality at the census-tract level for the US.

Status: Development in Progress

Source: Kolling, Jessica. 2015. EBI_mtg14_2.9.2015.pptx. GRASP Project ID 04253.

Exploratory Data Analysis Source: Kolling, Jessica. 2015. Daysymetric_method3.jpg. Project ID 04253.

Slide Update: 02/04/2015 Andrew Dent.

Emergency Preparedness & Response GRASP applies geospatial science and GIS technology to support the CDC Emergency Operations Center.

Supports events such as disease outbreaks, acute chemical exposures, environmental disasters and other public health emergencies.

Supports the CDC EOC, DHHS Secretary’s Operations Center, CDC CIOs and field teams.

Source: GRASP Hurricane Sandy Evacuation Zones 10/29/2012. Project # 04160.

Global Polio Eradication Initiative Purpose: CDC activated EOC on 12/2/2011 to coordinate support for push to eliminate polio.1

Focus: As an EOC/Situation Awareness partner, GRASP has provided significant geospatial science and technology support for GPEI:

Web-based Nigeria Polio GIS Dashboard, Campaign planning/tracking tools, Satellite imagery analysis, GIS training.

Impact:

Success of GIS efforts has spurred requests for use of GIS for campaign security, routine immunization, and Chad polio effort.

GPEI identifies use of GIS as important to ensuring vaccination coverage.2

GRASP Project # 04207

1. Frieden, Thomas R. “EOC Activation for Polio Eradication”. CDC Intranet. http://intranet.cdc.gov/ecp/announcements/annc.asp?anncID=13027 . Accessed: 05/30/2012.

2. GPEI. “2012 Polio in Nigeria”. http://www.polioeradication.org/Portals/0/Document/Media/FactSheet/EAP/EAP_Nigeria.pdf . Accessed 05/14/2013.

Source: Mertzlufft, Caitlin. Email 04/21/2013.

Field Vaccination Campaign Map

GPEI Planning Map Source: GRASP Project 03995/…/NigeriaPosterForogistics 01/20/2012.

Village Count Increase (Chad) Based on GRASP Analysis of Satellite Imagery 31 to 950 villages Source: GRASP PID 63 Migration Plan v20 FINAL (Active DEOC Projects / prj 03338).

Vulnerability for Rapid Dissemination of HIV and HCV Infections Attributable to Unsafe Injection Practices

WORK IN PROGRESS

In partnership with NCHHSTP, GRASP is contributing spatial & statistical support to develop a map series exploring county-level risk factors to HIV and Hepatitis C infection among injection drug users.

Based on similarities in socioeconomic, demographic, and opioid drug data this draft map visualizes the risk by county across the US.

PRELIMINARY DATA

GIS Technology GRASP applies GIS technology to support online mapping, GIS applications, interactive cartography, and geospatial data sharing.

Management of GATHER Shared Services.

Provides consultation to CIOs that desire to… Share geospatial information, Integrate program data collection & surveillance efforts with GIS visualization, tools & data.

Feature Project NCIRD FluView NCEZID Patient Safety Atlas

Slide Updated: 01/07/2014 Source: GRASP (2010).

GATHER ArcGIS Users at CDC Across all CIOs 303 ArcGIS Users Source: Broeker, Lance via Email to Dent, Andrew 06/24/2015..

US Diabetes Surveillance System

Slide Updated: 01/07/2014 Source: GRASP (2010).

Collaboration with NCEH Environmental Public Health Tracking Program Technology EPHTN GIS Mapping: Provided GIS module for EPHTN since FY2009 Research Air Quality, Health and Social Vulnerability: Determine if relationship between outdoor air quality and ER visits for asthma is modified by social vulnerability (SVI).1 Analysis Built Environment Measures: Collaborated with NCEH Built Environment Program to develop national measures for walkability to parks and schools.

1 Source:: Strosnider, Heather & Kolling, Jessica. Exploratory Data Analyssis. Kolling Email 02/03/2015.

Spatial Data Analysis

Tracking Portal GIS

Breysse, Patrick N. (CDC/ONDIEH/NCEH) (BPN() - add a breif intro to tracking - this may be new to people and say how aptail anysese are key to tracking. can judhy give yiu an exaple of sme trackign results that used mapping?

Working with GRASP GRASP Partnerships Range from small unfunded consultations to large funded multi-year collaborations.

How to Partner with GRASP Contact me adent@cdc.gov Submit a GIS Service Request – http://grasp.cdc.gov/grasp_intranet/gisrequest.aspx

GATHER Shared Services (Geospatial Analysis Tool for Health & Environmental Research) Purpose: To support and advance the use of GIS concepts, methods, and tools within public health practice and research at CDC/ATSDR, GRASP provides GATHER Shared Services, which includes:

GATHER Geospatial Data Warehouse US Census, ESRI, TomTom and American Hospital Association data GATHER ESRI ArcGIS License Server ArcGIS with extensions (Network Analyst, Geospatial Analyst, Image Analyst) GATHER CITGO ESRI ArcGIS Connection Access to ArcGIS via CITGO

Source: GRASP (2010).

GATHER ArcGIS Users at CDC Across all CIOs 303 ArcGIS Users Source: Broeker, Lance via Email to Dent, Andrew 06/24/2015..

GATHER ArcGIS Usage @ CDC Across all CIOs (1/1/2015 to 6/24/2015) 5,027 Hours Source: Broeker, Lance via Email to Dent, Andrew 06/24/2015..

GIS @ CDC

Geographers, GIS analysts, GIS technologists and GIS savvy staff scattered throughout CDC/ATSDR GeoSWG Initiated in 2009 250+ Members from all CIOs

The Landscape: On the Horizon Institutionalized GIS GIS concepts, measures and reporting integrated into public health surveillance, research, and organizational processes Place-aware research Activity space Place history Volunteered Geospatial Information & Social Media Process metadata For geospatial processes… Organizational structure Better organizational structure at CDC/ATSDR to support and advance geospatial efforts among public health partners

Questions?

Further questions/feedback may be directed to Andy Dent at aed5@cdc.gov .

For more information please contact Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 4770 Buford Hwy. NE, Chamblee, GA 30341 Telephone: 1-800-CDC-INFO (232-4636)/TTY: 1-888-232-6348 E-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.gov Web: www.atsdr.cdc.gov The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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TS-904

TS-902

TS-811

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TS-802

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TS-318 TS-315

TS-313

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TL-108

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TC-901

TC-805 TC-804

TC-803

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TC-801

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TL-305S

TC-317S

Luzerne County

Schuylkill County

Carbon County

Tamaqua

Hazleton

Pottsville

Jim Thorpe

0 5 102.5 Miles

Figure 2 Census Tract Population Density with the Most Current Residences of the 38 Confirmed Polycythemia Vera Cases within Carbon, Luzerne, and Schuylkill Counties of Pennsylvania 2000- 2005

Data Source:

Thirty eight confirmed Polycythemia Vera Cases in Tri-County Area 2000 - 2005

DRAFT VERSION - FOR INTERNAL RELEASE ONLY

AGENCY FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND DISEASE REGISTRY | UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Population Density Persons per Square Mile

< 200 200 - 500 500 - 1,000 1,000 - 2,000 2,000 - 5,000 5,000 - 10,000 > 10,000

!( Current Address !( Most Recent Area Address image22.png image23.jpeg image24.wmf image25.png image26.png image27.png image28.png image29.png image30.png image31.jpeg image32.jpeg image33.png image34.png image35.emf image36.png image37.jpg image38.png image39.jpeg image40.png image41.png image42.png image43.jpeg image44.gif image1.png