USACE_Haul_and_Install_Guide.pptx
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- Solicitation number
- W912EQ-16-R-0010
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USACE Haul and Install Guide used as a field guide by USACE personnel. This guide does NOT override solicitation terms conditions or specifications.
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USACE Haul and Install Guide
US Army Corps of Engineers
BUILDING STRONG®
DISCLAIMER:
This Guide does not replace the Performance Work Statement (PWS) If an issue or question arises regarding the PWS, the Contracting Officer (CO) or the Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR) are the only individuals authorized to work with the contractor to resolve them
Presenter 2016-09-16 17:33:32 This slide is letting the audience know that they cannot fall back on anything the instructor says or what this power point contains. It is only supplement to the contract. Always go back to the Contract when there is confusion or questions. The contract contains a lot of jargon and the power point breaks it down into laments terms.
The purpose of the Guide is to supplement, through descriptions of requirements and visual aids, the installation portion of the Haul and Install, used for USACE’s Manufactured Housing Unit (MHU) Missions.
This Guide is intended to be used a field reference for Technical Monitors observing the installation of USACE MHUs.
“What’s this for?”
| This Guide breaks MHU installation down into Sections. |
| Each Section is designed and laid out so that the user (1) understands the requirements, (2) visualizes the installation steps, (3) ensures MHUs are properly installed, and (4) mitigates any issues or errors before occupancy. |
Understand the Requirements
Visualize Installation Steps
Ensure MHUs are Properly Installed
Mitigate Installation Issues “How is it organized?”
The Contractor is responsible for this work!
| During Basic Installation the TM should look for: |
| Has the Contractor located, exposed, and connected water, sewer, and electrical connections whereby they can be hooked up to the unit post-installation and make serviceable? |
| Are all trenches back filled, tamped, or rolled to the maximum practical density to avoid settlement damage to sewer or water lines? |
| Has all construction debris, waste and excess material will be cleaned and removed from all sites following preparation? |
Basic Installation Criteria
2016-09-16 17:33:34 Should additional material be required to create a properly graded site, a geotextile type fabric will be installed prior to material installation to segregate the existing soil from the crowning materials. This fabric is intended to assist in ease of material removal at time of deactivation
| Background: Toolkit |
| Background: MHU Haul |
| Section 1: Pier Construction and Blocking |
| Section 2: Anchoring for MHUs |
| Section 3: Site drainage |
| Section 4: Skirting |
| Section 5: Electric Connection |
| Section 6: Water Connection |
| Section 7: Water Line Winterization |
| Section 8: Sewer Line Installation |
| Section 9: Install and Test HVAC |
| Section 10: Ramps, Stairs, and Platform Steps |
Coverage:
Protective Equipment Important Equipment
BACKGROUND: TOOLKIT
Hard Hats Safety Goggles Work Shoes Safety-toed Footwear Appropriate Attire Gloves Safety Vests
TOOLKIT: PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
2016-09-16 17:33:37
GPS
level measuring tape outlet tester digital camera
TOOLKIT: INDIVIDUAL EQUIPMENT
MHU HAUL: BACKGROUND
Work with USACE employees to perform inspections and acceptance of all MHUs at the USACE designated pick-up point Determine if the unit meets Ready for Deployment (RFD) requirements Be responsible for all damages while the MHU is in KTR possession Provide all permitting, transportation, labor, equipment, and materials required to transport the MHU
MHU HAUL: KTR REQUIREMENTS
PIER CONSTRUCTION AND BLOCKING
SECTION 1: PIERS
Definition: That portion of the support system between the footing and the MHU Properly-installed piers can support the dead and live weight of the MHU without adversely affecting the performance Piers serve as a foundation for MHUs.
A utility locator must mark the site prior to ANY work Provide support to the unit while securing it to the ground Often used because they are less expensive than permanent foundations and can be built rapidly “What’s a pier for?”
Piers typically consist of double courses of concrete blocks under the frame OR single course of blocks on either side of the door All piers should meet or exceed the requirements of the local entity as well as the manufacturers’ specification (unless double blocking is prohibited by the entity)
PIER CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
| Pier Construction and Blocking Requirements |
| Ensure no grass roots, loose dirt, rocks or debris is found at the base of the piers. |
| Measure blocking heights to ensure no more than forty-four inches (44”) for Manufactured Homes, unless otherwise specified by State or Local regulations. |
| Check that blocking installed at locations specified by manufacturer, or as specified by codes and regulations. |
| Ensure piers are installed on either side of the opening for exterior doors or any opening forty-eight inches (48”) or wider. |
| Space between the top of the pier’s solid cap block and the bottom of the I-beam frame of the MHU will not exceed three inches. Up to three inches (3”) of this space may be filled with blocking timber and wedges laid perpendicular to the I-beam |
2016-09-16 17:33:44
Single stacked blocking More than three inches (3”) of wood blocking at top Not installed on the MHU I-beam
IMPROPER PIER CONSTRUCTION
The location/spacing of piers depends upon:
Dimensions of the home Live and dead loads I-beam size Soil bearing capacity Footing size Other i.e. location of doors/openings
LOCATION AND SPACING
PIER SUPPORT LOCATIONS
Perimeter pier or other supports must be located as follows:
On both sides of side wall exterior doors and any other side wall openings of 48 inches or greater in width, and under load-bearing porch posts, factory installed fireplaces, and fireplace stoves
PERIMETER PIERS
Footings must be placed on undisturbed soil or fill compacted to 90 percent of maximum relative density.
A footing must support every pier
Footings are to be either:
Concrete Pressure-treated wood ABS footing pads Other materials* *Other materials used for footing must be approved by the CO(KO) or COR
FOOTINGS
2016-09-16 17:33:49
The size and layout of footings depends on the load-bearing capacity of the soil, footings, and the piers.
A minimum clearance of 12 inches must be maintained between the lowest member of the main frame and the grade under all of the home
Different frame pier heights have different requirements
CLEARANCE UNDER THE MHU
The unit should be level when it is inspected.
Contractors are responsible for re- leveling and/or re- blocking a unit for the period specified in the PWS after final acceptance.
ISSUE: LEVELING
Utilities should be clear of all piers; if utilities are pinched between piers and the MHU, utilities may not flow to the unit and they may pose a threat to the health and welfare of occupants.
ISSUES: UTILITIES
STRAPPING AND ANCHORING FOR
MANUFACTURED HOMES
SECTION 2: STRAPPING AND ANCHORING
Strapping is used with anchors to secure the MHU to the ground Tie-downs and straps will be inspected and adjusted no earlier than 7 days and no later than 14 days after installation Strapping will be installed at locations specified by the manufacturer for the wind zone established by HUD Above grade service lines beneath the MHU will be installed clear of the ground, with the minimum number of joints, be of the shortest practical length, and be supported at a minimum of 4’ intervals
STRAPPING: PURPOSE
1 ¼ inch x 0.035 inch or larger steel strap Minimum total capacity of 4,725 lbs. and a working capacity of 3,150 lbs. must be used Straps will be snug and in a near vertical position Straps must be provided with:
Protection against weather deterioration Corrosion equivalent to that provided by a coating of zinc
STRAPPING: REQUIREMENTS
ANCHOR STRAPPING & PIER RELATIONSHIP
Anchors work with piers to provide a foundation to MHUs Anchors secure the home down and resist wind uplift forces Anchors attached to both the frame and to points on the perimeter of the trailer
Two factors generally impact use of anchors Wind Zone Soil Conditions
PURPOSE OF ANCHORING
TYPICAL MHU ANCHORING
Anchoring requirements are based (in part) on wind zone USACE typically buys MHUs that are designed for wind zone III – the highest level of wind zone – though it may not be necessary in all parts of the country Manufactured specifications and local codes should identify anchoring for each wind zone – ensure that anchoring meets these requirements
ANCHORING WIND ZONE REQUIREMENTS
For Informational Purposes Only -
DRAFT
| Anchoring Requirements |
| Check that tie-downs meet the manufacturer’s requirements OR the official instruction of the local permitting entity – whichever is MORE strict |
| Ensure anchors installed at locations specified by the manufacturer for the wind zone or as established HUD for Manufactured Homes |
| Identify whether straps are composed of one and one-quarter inch by approximately three and a half hundredths of an inch (1.25” x 0.35”) of cold rolled galvanized steel OR, if not, that they meet state/ local requirements |
| Test that straps are snug and in a near-vertical position |
MHU ANCHORING REQUIREMENTS
2016-09-16 17:34:02
The number and spacing of straps is typically dependent on the frame size for the MHU, the length and height of the piers and the wind zone.
The Contractor will only remove the wheel/axle if the manufacturer installation instructions or regulations requires the removal of the wheel/axle.
Ground anchors are designed for different soil classifications – longer models for loose soils and shorter for harder soils
MHU ANCHORING REQUIREMENTS
MHUs are generally required to be anchored based on manufacturer’s requirements for existing soil conditions To help prevent settling or sagging, the foundation must be constructed on firm, undisturbed soil or fill compacted to at least 90 percent of its maximum relative density Prior to installing any anchor, the installation contractor must match the approved ground anchor with site soil class. State and local governments may have established standards for anchoring based on soil classifications All organic material such as grass, roots, twigs, and wood scraps must be removed in areas where footings are to be placed. After removal of organic material, the home site must be graded or otherwise prepared to ensure adequate drainage.
SOIL REQUIREMENTS
The soil classification and bearing capacity must be determined by the following methods:
Soil Tests Soil Records Soil Classifications and Bearing Capacities Pocket Penetrator Professional Geologist/Engineer/Architect Evaluation
SOIL CLASSIFICATIONS
SECTION 3: SITE DRAINAGE
Drainage must be provided to direct surface water away from the home to protect against erosion of foundation supports and to prevent water build-up under the home All drainage must be diverted away from the home and must slope a minimum of one-half inch per foot away from the foundation for the first ten feet Where property lines, walls, slopes, or other physical conditions prohibit this slope, the site must be provided with drains or swales or otherwise graded to drain water away from the structure
SITE DRAINAGE: PURPOSE
SITE PREPARATION
GRADING AND DRAINAGE
Vapor Retarder: If the space under the home is to be enclosed with skirting or other materials, a vapor retarder must be installed to cover the ground under the home Proper Installation: The entire area under the home must be covered with the material, except for the areas under open porches, decks, and recessed entries.
Joints in the material must overlap at least 12 inches
GROUND MOISTURE CONTROL
GRADING AND DRAINAGE
SECTION 4: SKIRTING
Skirting has multiple purposes:
Hides structural elements Adds a barrier to keep pipes from freezing Protects the home from sizable animals Retains heat in the winter Gives the home a finished look
Skirting can help maintain an average temperature beneath the home.
Prevents cold winds & hot summer sun and extreme temperatures from building under the home Skirting will be installed according to Federal, State, and local codes. The MHU tongue will be skirted if required by a commercial park owner or local regulations.
SKIRTING - PURPOSE
| Skirting Requirements |
| Check that the perimeter of the MHU is covered in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations and industry standards |
| Ensure material used is equal to “T-Lok Vinyl Skirt”, is self-ventilating and has a top rail to conceal top fasteners |
| Ensure an access panel or equivalent is provided adjacent to the MHU water inlet location |
| Check that skirting is securely fastened to the MHU and ground using accepted fastening methods |
| Check that there is a minimum free area of one square foot (1’ sq.) of ventilation for every one hundred fifty square feet (150’ sq.) of floor space of the MHU with insects screens, slats, louvers. Etc., used over the open vent area |
| In northern climates, ensure skirting is winterized and installed to withstand the local winters, but maintain required ventilation |
SKIRTING REQUIREMENTS
SKIRTING INSTALLATION
2016-09-16 17:34:15 These photos depict the installation of skirting and what the completed skirting on a MHU looks like.
Air flow through the skirting is necessary to carry away the moisture that is constantly rising out of the soil under the home.
Lack of ventilation causes similar problems to both:
Wood rot of the floor framing Warped floor boards Mold growth
SKIRTING WITH VENTILATION
VENTED SKIRTING WITH SLATS
SKIRTING WINTERIZATION
Note the poor attempt to seal skirting around tongue cut-out!
SKIRTING INSTALLATION ERRORS
Access door location is to be adjacent the water connection and shut-off valve Door is not designed to provide a tight seal when closed
SKIRTING INSTALLATION ERRORS
SECTION 5: ELECTRICAL
Electricity fulfills basic habitability requirements for a temporary housing unit USACE typically purchases 100% electric, utilizing no gas; if USACE purchases units off the lot they may use gas which needs to be taken into account in installation In some cases, units can be connected to pre-existing electricity (such as on a private site); in others, a new electric system may need to be installed (such as on a group site) Occupants are responsible for paying electric bills
PURPOSE: ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS
Load Specification: Mobile Home Two Hundred (200) amperage (amp)
| Electrical Requirements (All units) |
| Measure the amount of electrical service provided, from the exterior wall of the MHU (per the contract, up to fifty feet of electrical service may be provided) |
| Ensure components are installed in accordance with National Electric Code |
| Verify that conduit connections are water tight |
| Ensure service entrance cables comply with Federal, State, and local codes |
| Check that the disconnect box is weatherproof and includes the appropriate breaker; is mounted on either a temporary power or treated dimensional lumber post above ground level |
ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS
| MOBILE HOUSING UNITS |
| Unit must be grounded in accordance with NFPA 70 Articles 250 |
| Feeds enter the units inside the skirting (unless otherwise approved by COTR) |
| Connections to the units made in accordance with the manufacturer’s standard connection procedure |
| Cables buried and properly encased in accordance with Federal, State, and local codes but at a minimum of twenty four inches (24”) |
| Sweeps used at the junction box and meter loop assembly |
| Conduit securely attached to electrical boxes in accordance with accepted methods, standards and codes |
ADDITIONAL ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS
Sweeps provide an angled path for wires and other utilities that may need to bend to connect the utility to the MHU
SWEEPS
In some cases contractors may need to install a power pole to furnish electricity to a MHU In these cases, all components will be installed in accordance with the National Electric Code and local codes All conduit connections on the meter pole must be watertight
POWER (UTLITY) POLES
SECTION 6: WATER
| Water Connection Requirements |
| Ensure water piping installed in accordance with local codes and the Uniform Plumbing Code |
| Check that a cut-off valve and a hose bib with anti-siphon valve is located adjacent to the unit connecting point and in a convenient location to facilitate shut-off of water to unit and make a watering hose connection |
| Water lines should be composed of: |
Three-quarter inches (3/4”) galvanized steel Type K or L copper tubing, ASTM B88-74A Schedule 40 PVC plastic pipe, ASTM D-1785, three quarter inch (3/4”) CPS 200 psi Equivalent with prior approval and inclusion of a back flow preventer
WATER CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS
| Water Connection Requirements |
| Service line requirements include: |
Placement at least six inches (6”) below frost line AND not less than twenty-four (24”) Three-quarter inch (3/4”) shut-off valve installed in the water line Placement in a trench separate from the sewer line at a distance in compliance with State and local codes (or at least 3 feet (3’)) Backfill materials free of rocks and other debris and includes a bed of compacted sand six inches (6”) above and below the water line
| If manufacturer’s recommend PSI is exceeded by local water pressure, ensure water pressure-reducing device is installed |
| Check that service lines beneath the MHU: |
Clear the ground Include a minimum number of joints Are the shortest practical length Are supported at four foot (4’) intervals (max)
SECTION 7: WATER LINE WEATHERPROOFING
Water Line Winterization Requirements Ensure that:
The seal end of the heat cable is securely fastened to the unit water pipe above grade and installed approximately eighteen inches (18”) down the riser pipe – and then wrapped up the riser into the manufactured home water heater compartment for a minimum of two inches (2”) Cable is applied to the outside of the bend at elbows and securely fastened with tape Preformed insulation and weatherproof covering is placed on the pipe and fastened with a continuous strap of weather resistant tape Preformed insulation and weatherproof covering is placed on the pipe and fastened with a continuous strap of weather resistant tape Insulation, covering and tape extends into the water riser sleeve and water heater compartment approximately 12 inches (12’) w/ the sealed end of the heat cable covered Riser is filled with an appropriate insulation and top of riser sealed with an appropriate cover
SECTION 8: SEWER
SEWER CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS
| Sewer Line Requirements |
| Ensure that the connection is made between connecting point and the riser up to the sewer line |
| Check the clean-out fittings installed in an accessible location the facilitate snaking-out a clogged line from the connection point |
| Ensure pipe fittings that attach the sewer connection to the drain outlet are threaded and screwed or installed with a removable adapter for the drain outlet |
| Ensure that the normal inside diameter of the unit sewer connection is at least three inches (3”) |
| Check that there is a continuous slope, at least one-quarter inch (1/4”) per foot and no more than one-half inch (1/2”) per foot |
| Check that above ground sewer lines supported at four-foot (4’) intervals (max) to prevent any deflection |
SEWER CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS
SECTION 9: HVAC
Purpose: Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning (HVAC) units provide heating and cooling to manufactured housing units, increasing comfort and safety for households
“What’s HVAC?”
| HVAC Requirements |
| Ensure HVAC system meets manufacturer’s instructions and is certified by a heating and cooling technician |
| Check that all components installed in accordance with the National Electric Code (NEC) with proper local permitting |
| If there is an external air conditioning (A/C) unit, check that it is located within 10 feet of an electrical breaker (disconnect) |
| Ensure installation includes buried cable and 30 amp breaker (disconnect) |
| Check that all cables installed and encased in approved conduit |
| Check that sweeps are used at the points where buried cable makes a 90-degree turn |
| Ensure that all conduit connections are watertight |
HVAC REQUIREMENTS
SECTION 10: RAMPS, STAIRS AND PLATFORM STEPS
Purpose: Ramps, stairs, and platform steps facilitate entrance to manufactured housing units Ramps provide accessibility to MHUs for persons with access and functional needs, such as those who require a wheelchair Platform stairs provide accessibility for those who are mobile but may require assistance from a walker or a cane
RAMPS, STAIRS AND PLATFORM STEPS: AN OVERVIEW
| Ramp Requirements |
| Must be UFAS compliant OR compliant with local code – whichever is more stringent |
| One to 12 (1:12) maximum rise – maximum of one inch (1”) of height for each twelve inches (12”) in length |
| Landings at the top and bottom and every thirty feet (30’) |
| Platforms must be sixty-inch square (60” by 60”) |
| Modular aluminum ramps may be substituted for wood ramps |
| Ensure installation of two sets of hand rails |
RAMP REQUIREMENTS
“Straight-shot” ramps feature landings and ramps that stay in a straight line “Dog-legged” or “L-shaped” ramp changes direction ninety degrees (90°) at an intermediate landing;.
“Switchback” ramps have on hundred eighty degree (180°) change in direction between one run of ramp, an intermediate landing and another run of ramp in the opposite direction
COMMON RAMP LAYOUTS
| Stair Requirements |
| Check that tread width is at least forty-eight inches (48”) and tread depth is at least 10 inches (10”) |
| Check that stair risers are at least six inches (6”) and no more than seven and one-half inches (7 ½”) |
| Check that platforms are sixty inches by sixty inches (60” x 60”) framed with two inch by six inch (2” x 6”) treated lumber and that joist spacing is sixteen inches (16”) on the center |
| Stair top platforms are at least six inches (6”) and no more than seven and one- half inches (7 ½ “) below the door threshold |
| Ensure that the top surface of all steps and platforms is painted with a skid resistant paint material |
| Ensure that stairs are constructed to that water will NOT accumulate on the walking surface and anchored |
STAIR REQUIREMENTS
Deck of steps is flush with the bottom of the door threshold.
Platform should be six inches (6”) to seven and one half inches (7-1/2”) below the door threshold Steps require grab rails
COMMON STAIR CONSTRUCTION ERRORS
Preformed concrete deck pier is installed up-side- down at rear Pier at rear is shimmed with rocks
Stair carriage (sometimes call stringer) is not resting on anything The carriage is nailed in to the support post at a point that is vulnerable to breaking under a heavy load
| Platform Step Requirements |
| Check that steps have a forty-eight inch (48”) tread width, thirty-six inch (36”) tread depth and a maximum rise of six inches (6”) |
| Measure that the top platform is sixty inches by sixty inches (60” x 60”) framed with two inch by six inch (2” x 6”) treated lumber and joist spacing of sixteen inches (16”) on center |
| Ensure the top surface of all steps and platform will be painted with a skid resistant paint material |
| Ensure installation of two sets of hand rails |
| Ensure that stairs are constructed from treated outdoor building material – one and one – fourth inch (1 ¼”) decking material will be used for all steps and platform surfaces, and two inch (2”) treated material for support runners |
| Check that steps are constructed so that water will NOT accumulate on the walking surface |
PLATFORM STEP REQUIREMENTS
PLATFORM STEP EXAMPLE
CLEAN AS YOU GO!
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