31_41_16_-_Sheet_Piling.pdf

Green Brook Flood Risk Management Project Segment C2 - Contract 1

SECTION 31 41 16

SHEET PILING

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM A572/A572M (2015) Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel

ASTM A6/A6M (2017a) Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY (AWS)

AWS D1.1/D1.1M (2015; Errata 1 2015; Errata 2 2016) Structural Welding Code - Steel

1.2 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only.

SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-02 Shop Drawings

Metal Sheet Piling; G

SD-03 Product Data

Driving Pile Driving Equipment; G Pulling and Redriving; G

SD-06 Test Reports

Materials Tests

SD-07 Certificates

Qualifications

SD-11 Closeout Submittals

Pile Driving Record

SECTION 31 41 16 Page 1

1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.3.1 Material Certificates

For each shipment, submit certificates identified with specific lots prior to installing piling. Include in the identification data piling type, dimensions, chemical composition, mechanical properties, section depth, section width, section modulus, sheet thickness, heat number, and mill identification mark.

1.3.2 Contractor's Qualifications

An experienced installer who has completed piling work similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for this Project and whose work has resulted in construction with a record of successful in-service performance. The contractor shall submit the following information verifying installation qualifications:

a. Evidence that the installer is experienced and competent to construct a sheet pile wall as described on the contract plans.

b. At least 3 example projects which include the installation of steel sheet piling totaling at least 1,000 LF.

c. The example projects should include project location, depth of installation, types of soils encountered and approximate date of installation.

d. The resume of the field installation supervisor that has installed a minimum of 10,000 sf of sheet piling.

1.4 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Materials delivered to the site shall be new and undamaged and shall be accompanied by certified test reports. Provide the manufacturer's logo and mill identification mark on the sheet piling as required by the referenced specifications. Store and handle sheet piling in the manner recommended by the manufacturer to prevent permanent deflection, distortion or damage to the interlocks; as a minimum, support on level blocks or racks spaced not more than 10 feet apart and not more than 2 feet from the ends. Storage of sheet piling should also facilitate required inspection activities and prevent damage to surface coatings or corrosion (steel) prior to installation. The Contractor will deliver material to the site following receipt of written approval by the Contracting Officer.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 SHEET PILING

Submit detail drawings for sheet piling, including fabricated sections, showing complete piling dimensions and details, driving sequence and location of installed piling.

a. Include in the drawings details (as applicable to pile type) of top protection, special reinforcing tips, tip protection, lagging, splices, fabricated additions to plain piles, cut-off method, corrosion protection, and dimensions of templates and other temporary guide structures for installing piling. Provide details of the method for handling piling to prevent permanent deflection, distortion or damage to piling interlocks.

b. Metal sheet piling shall be hot-rolled steel sections conforming to

SECTION 31 41 16 Page 2

ASTM A572/A572M, Grade 50. Properties of steel sheet pile shall be at least equal to PZ22.

c. Metal sheet piling shall be coated in accordance with Section 09 97 02

PAINTING: FLOODWALL.

The interlocks of sheet piling shall be free-sliding, provide a swing angle suitable for the intended installation but not less than 5 degrees when interlocked, and maintain continuous interlocking when installed.

2.1.1 General Requirements

Sheet piling including special fabricated sections shall be full-length sections of the dimensions shown. Provide fabricated sections conforming to the requirement and the piling manufacturer's recommendations for fabricated sections. Fabricated tees, wyes and cross pieces shall be fabricated of piling sections with a minimum web thickness of 1/2 inch.

Provide sheet piling with standard pulling holes.

2.2 APPURTENANT METAL MATERIALS

Provide metal plates, shapes, bolts, nuts, rivets and other appurtenant fabrication and installation materials conforming to manufacturer's standards and to the requirements specified in the respective sheet piling standards.

2.3 TESTS, INSPECTIONS, AND VERIFICATIONS

Requirements for material tests, workmanship and other measures for quality assurance shall be as specified herein.

2.3.1 Materials Tests

2.3.1.1 Metal Sheet Piling

Submit certified materials tests reports showing that sheet piling and appurtenant metal materials meet the specified requirements, for each shipment and identified with specific lots prior to installing materials.

Material test reports shall meet the requirements of ASTM A6/A6M. Perform materials tests conforming to the following requirements. Sheet piling and appurtenant materials shall be tested and certified by the manufacturer to meet the specified chemical, mechanical and section property requirements prior to delivery to the site. Testing of sheet piling for mechanical properties shall be performed after the completion of all rolling and forming operations. Testing of sheet piling shall meet the requirements of

ASTM A6/A6M.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 EARTHWORK

Perform in accordance with Section 31 00 00 EARTHWORK.

3.2 INSTALLATION

3.2.1 Pile Driving Equipment

Submit complete descriptions of sheet piling driving equipment including hammers, extractors, protection caps and other installation appurtenances, SECTION 31 41 16 Page 3 prior to commencement of work. Descriptive information includes manufacturer's name, model numbers, capacity, rated energy, hammer details, cushion material, helmet, and templates. Provide pile driving equipment conforming to the following requirements.

3.2.1.1 Driving Hammers

Hammers shall be steam, air, or diesel drop, single-acting, double-acting, differential-acting , or vibratory type. The driving energy of the hammers shall be as recommended by the manufacturer for the piling weights and subsurface materials to be encountered. Repair damage to piling caused by use of a pile hammer with excess delivered force or energy.

3.2.1.2 Jetting Equipment

Jetting will not be permitted.

3.2.2 Placing and Driving

3.2.2.1 Placing

Any excavation required within the area where sheet pilings are to be installed shall be completed prior to placing sheet pilings. Pilings properly placed and driven shall be interlocked throughout their length with adjacent pilings to form a continuous diaphragm throughout the length or run of piling wall.

a. Pilings shall be carefully located as indicated or directed. Pilings shall be placed plumb with out-of-plumbness not exceeding 1/8 inch per foot of length and true to line. Place the pile so the face will not be more than 6 inches from vertical alignment at any point. Top of pile at elevation of cut-off shall be within 1/2 inch horizontally and 2 inches vertically of the location indicated. Manipulation of piles to force them into position will not be permitted. Check all piles for heave. Redrive all heaved piles to the required tip elevation.

3.2.2.2 Driving

Submit records of the completed sheet piling driving operations, including a system of identification which shows the disposition of approved piling in the work, driving equipment performance data, piling penetration rate data, piling dimensions and top and bottom elevations of installed piling.

The format for driving records shall be as directed. Prior to driving pilings in water, paint a horizontal line on both sides of each piling at a fixed distance from the bottom so that it will be visible above the water line after installation. This line shall indicate the profile of the bottom elevation of installed pilings and potential problem areas can be identified by abrupt changes in its elevation. Drive pilings with the proper size hammer and by approved methods so as not to subject the pilings to damage and to ensure proper interlocking throughout their lengths.

a. Maintain driving hammers in proper alignment during driving operations by use of leads or guides attached to the hammer. Caution shall be taken in the sustained use of vibratory hammers when a hard driving condition is encountered to avoid interlock-melt or damages.

Discontinue the use of vibratory hammers and impact hammers employed when the penetration rate due to vibratory loading is one foot or less per minute.

SECTION 31 41 16 Page 4

b. Employ a protecting cap in driving when using impact hammers to prevent damage to the tops of pilings. Remove and replace pilings damaged during driving or driven out of interlock at the Contractor's expense.

c. Drive steel pilings without the aid of a water jet

d. Take adequate precautions to ensure that pilings are driven plumb.

Where possible, drive Z-pile with the ball end leading. If an open socket is leading, a bolt or similar object placed in the bottom of the interlock will minimize packing material into it and ease driving for the next sheet. If at any time the forward or leading edge of the piling wall is found to be out-of-plumb in the plane of the wall the piling being driven shall be driven to the required depth and tapered pilings shall be provided and driven to interlock with the out-of-plumb leading edge or other approved corrective measures shall be taken to insure the plumbness of succeeding pilings. The maximum permissible taper for any tapered piling shall be 1/8 inch per foot of length.

e. Sheet piles shall be driven to the elevations shown on the drawing or to refusal, whichever is deeper. Refusal is defined as less than 1" of movement in 20 seconds of approved vibratory hammer effort or less than 1" of movement in 10 blows of the approved impact hammer.

Lines on the structural floodwall plan and profile drawings (S-1XX) labeled "SPT Refusal" indicate the approximate elevation where Standard Penetration Test blow counts exceeded 50 blows for 6 inches of advancement of the sample tube.

f. If obstructions restrict driving a piling to the specified penetration, the obstructions shall be removed or penetrated with a chisel beam. If the Contractor demonstrates that removal or penetration is impractical, make changes in the design alignment of the piling structure as directed to ensure the adequacy and stability of the structure.

Pilings shall be driven to depths shown and shall extend up to the elevation indicated for the top of pilings. Piling driven to rock shall be seated individually on the rock.

g. Pre-augering or spudding of piles will not be permitted.

3.2.3 Cutting-Off

Pilings driven to refusal or to the point where additional penetration cannot be attained and are extending above the required top elevation shall be cut off to the required elevation. Pilings driven below the required top elevation and pilings damaged by driving and cut off to permit further driving shall be extended as required to reach the top elevation by splicing when directed at no additional cost to the Government. Splices shall be made by full penetration butt welds. Welding shall be in conformance with AWS D1.1/D1.1M.

a. The tops of pilings excessively battered during driving shall be trimmed when directed, at no cost to the Government. Piling cut-offs shall become the property of the Contractor and shall be removed from the site.

b. Cut holes in pilings for bolts, rods, drains or utilities in a neat and workmanlike manner, as shown or as directed. Use a straight edge in cuts made by burning to avoid abrupt nicks. Bolt holes in steel piling shall be drilled or may be burned and reamed by approved methods which

SECTION 31 41 16 Page 5 staudegm Highlight will not damage the surrounding metal. Holes other than bolt holes shall be reasonably smooth and the proper size for rods and other items to be inserted. Do not use explosives for cutting.

3.2.4 Inspection of Driven Piling

Perform continuous inspection during pile driving. Inspect all piles for compliance with tolerance requirements. Bring any unusual problems which may occur to the attention of the Contracting Officer. Inspect the interlocked joints of driven pilings extending above ground. Pilings found to be out of interlock shall be removed and replaced at the Contractor's expense.

3.2.5 Pulling and Redriving

Submit the proposed method of pulling sheet piling, prior to pulling any piling. Pull, as directed, selected pilings after driving to determine the condition of the underground portions of pilings. Any piling so pulled and found to be damaged, to the extent that its usefulness in the structure is impaired, shall be removed and replaced at the Contractor's expense.

Pilings pulled and found to be in satisfactory condition shall be redriven when directed.

3.3 REMOVAL

The removal of sheet pilings shall consist of pulling, sorting, cleaning the interlocks, inventorying and storing previously installed sheet pilings as shown and directed.

3.3.1 Pulling

The method of pulling piling shall be approved. Provide pulling holes in pilings, as required. Extractors shall be of suitable type and size. Care shall be exercised during pulling of pilings to avoid damaging piling interlocks and adjacent construction. If the Contracting Officer determines that adjacent permanent construction has been damaged during pulling, the Contractor will be required to repair this construction at no cost to the Government. Pull pilings one sheet at a time. Pilings fused together shall be separated prior to pulling, unless the Contractor demonstrates, to the satisfaction of the Contracting Officer, that the pilings cannot be separated. The Contractor will not be paid for the removal of pilings damaged beyond structural use due to proper care not being exercised during pulling.

3.3.2 Sorting, Cleaning, Inventorying and Storing

Pulled pilings shall be sorted, cleaned, inventoried and stored by type into groups as:

a. Piling usable without reconditioning.

b. Piling requiring reconditioning.

c. Piling damaged beyond structural use.

3.4 INSTALLATION RECORDS

Maintain a pile driving record for each sheet pile driven. Indicate on the installation record: installation dates and times, type and size of hammer, SECTION 31 41 16 Page 6 rate of operation, total driving time, dimensions of driving helmet and cap used, blows required per foot for each foot of penetration, final driving resistance in blows for final 6 inches, pile locations, tip elevations, ground elevations, cut-off elevations, and any reheading or cutting of piles. Record any unusual pile driving problems during driving. Submit complete records to the Contracting Officer.

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SECTION 31 41 16 Page 7

1.4 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

3.4 INSTALLATION RECORDS