AMD 0007 - 31 35 19.16.pdf

R-562 Flood Rehabilitation Missouri River Nebraska MR00104

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 31 - EARTHWORK

SECTION 31 35 19.16

ANCHOR REINFORCED VEGETATION SYSTEM

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

1.2 REFERENCES

1.3 DEFINITIONS

1.3.1 Anchor-Reinforced Vegetation System (ARVS)

1.3.2 Earth Percussion Anchor

1.3.3 Certificate of Analysis (COA)

1.3.4 Certificate of Conformance (COC)

1.3.5 High Performance Turf Reinforcement Mat (HPTRM)

1.3.6 Manufacturer

1.3.7 Manufacturing Quality Control (MQC) Program

1.3.8 Minimum Average Roll Value (MARV)

1.3.9 Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP)

1.3.10 Securing Pin

1.3.11 Trilobal Monofilament Yarn

1.3.12 Typical Roll Value

1.3.13 Vendor

1.4 SUBMITTALS

1.5 CERTIFICATION

1.6 TESTING

1.7 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1.8 QUALITY ASSURANCE SAMPLING, TESTING, AND ACCEPTANCE

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MANUFACTURERS

2.1.1 Substitutions

2.2 MATERIALS

2.2.1 HPTRM

2.2.1.1 Performance Properties

2.2.1.2 Manufacturing Quality Control

2.3 ANCHORING DEVICES

2.3.1 Securing Pins

2.3.2 Earth Percussion Anchors

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

3.2 INSTALLATION

-- End of Section Table of Contents --

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 1

Am-0007

SECTION 31 35 19.16

ANCHOR REINFORCED VEGETATION SYSTEM

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

The work for this section shall consist of furnishing all materials, equipment, and labor necessary for the installation of an Anchor Reinforced Vegetation System (ARVS) as a non-structural erosion control and slope protection solution.

1.2 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM B85 (2018) Standard Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Die Castings

ASTM B240-10 (2010) Standard Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die Castings

ASTM D4354 (2012; R 2020) Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing

ASTM D4355 (2014) Deterioration of Geotextiles from Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon-Arc Type Apparatus

ASTM D4759 (2011; R 2018) Standard Practice for Determining the Specification Conformance of Geosynthetics

ASTM D4873 (2017) Standard Guide for Identification, Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic Rolls and Samples

ASTM D6524 (2016) Standard Test Method for Measuring the Resiliency of Turf Reinforcement Mats

ASTM D6525 (2023) Standard Test Method for Measuring Nominal Thickness of Rolled Erosion Control Products

ASTM D6818 (2021) Test Method for Ultimate Tensile Properties of Turf Reinforcement Mats

GEOSYNTHETIC INSTITUTE (GSI)

GAI-LAP (1995) Laboratory Accreditation Program

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 2

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO)

ISO 9001 (2015) Quality Management Systems- Requirements

1.3 DEFINITIONS

1.3.1 Anchor-Reinforced Vegetation System (ARVS)

A soil protection system combining a High Performance Turf Reinforcement Mat (HPTRM), Securing Pins, and Earth Percussion Anchors. The system protects soil surfaces from two failure mechanisms: surface erosion (non-structural applications) and shallow plane instability (structural applications).

1.3.2 Earth Percussion Anchor

A device designed to permanently stabilize soil via a metal cleat, flexible or rigid tendon, and load bearing plate. The anchor is driven through the HPTRM to the specified depth, and then tensioned appropriately to load-lock for desired pull-out resistance.

1.3.3 Certificate of Analysis (COA)

An official document certified by an authorized representative within the manufacturer’s company that the manufactured synthetic turf reinforcement mat product(s) comply with the testing procedures and requisite results expressly stated within the Manufacturing Quality Control (MQC) program

1.3.4 Certificate of Conformance (COC)

An official document certified by an authorized representative within the manufacturer’s company that the manufactured synthetic turf reinforcement mat product(s) meet designated property values as manufactured in a facility having achieved ISO 9001:2000 certification, and tested in accordance with GAI-LAP procedures.

1.3.5 High Performance Turf Reinforcement Mat (HPTRM)

A long-term, non-degradable RECP composed of UV-stabilized, non-degradable, synthetic fibers, nettings and/or filaments processed into three-dimensional reinforcement matrices designed for permanent and critical hydraulic applications where design discharges exert velocities and shear stresses that exceed the limits of mature natural vegetation.

HPTRMs provide sufficient thickness, strength and void space to permit soil filling and/or retention and the development of vegetation within the matrix. The HPTRM MARV tensile strength per ASTM D6818 is 3000 lbs/ft in the weakest principle direction.

1.3.6 Manufacturer

Entity that produces synthetic turf reinforcement mats through a process directly utilizing obtained raw materials, in a facility owned and operated by said entity, using equipment and assemblies owned and operated by said entity, subject to a certified Manufacturing Quality Control (MQC) Program. Upon completion of production, the manufacturer may sell the turf reinforcement mat product(s) directly to the customer, or through a vendor entity.

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 3

1.3.7 Manufacturing Quality Control (MQC) Program

A certified and documented program initiated and operated by the manufacturer that outlines the operational techniques and activities which sustain a quality of the synthetic turf reinforcement mat product(s) that will satisfy given needs.

1.3.8 Minimum Average Roll Value (MARV)

Property value calculated as typical minus two standard deviations.

Statistically, it yields a 97.7 percent degree of confidence that any sample taken during quality assurance testing will exceed value reported.

1.3.9 Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP)

A temporary degradable or long-term non-degradable material manufactured or fabricated into rolls designed to reduce soil erosion and assist in the growth, establishment and protection of vegetation.

1.3.10 Securing Pin

A device designed to temporarily hold the HPTRM in place while either vegetation establishes, or the installation of the HPTRM occurs. The securing pin offers no long term value to permanent tie-down of the HPTRM in an ARVS.

1.3.11 Trilobal Monofilament Yarn

A multi-dimensional polymer fiber consisting of a minimum of three points, providing increased surface area and grooves/channels along the fiber to capture additional moisture and sediment to enhance vegetative growth.

1.3.12 Typical Roll Value

Property value calculated from average or mean obtained from test data.

1.3.13 Vendor

An entity that provides synthetic turf reinforcement mat product(s) to a customer, on behalf of an independent manufacturer. A vendor does not manufacture the actual synthetic turf reinforcement mat product(s), and therefore is not subject to provisions of a certified MQC Program.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" classification.

Submittals not having a "G" or "S" classification are for Contractor Quality Control approval. Submittals not having a "G" or "S" classification are for information only. When used, a code following the "G" classification identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. Submit the following in accordance with Section

01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-01 Preconstruction Submittals

Quality Control Procedure; G, DO

SD-06 Test Reports

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 4

Manufacturing Quality Control (MQC) Test Results; G, RO

Independent Performance Test Results

SD-07 Certificates

Certificate Of Conformance; G, DO

Certificate Of Analysis

1.5 CERTIFICATION

a. As a part of the preconstruction submittal, the Contractor shall provide the Engineer a certificate of conformance stating the name of the HPTRM manufacturer, product name, style, chemical compositions of filaments or yarns and other pertinent information to fully describe the RECP. No substitutions will be allowed after the bid submittal due date.

b. The Manufacturer is responsible for establishing and maintaining a Quality Control Program to assure compliance with the requirements of the specification. Documentation describing the quality control program shall be made available prior to the approval of the ARVS System for use on the project.

c. The manufacturer's certificate of analysis shall state that the furnished RECP meets MARV requirements of the specification as evaluated under the manufacturer's quality control program. The certificate shall be attested to by a person having legal authority to bind the Manufacturer.

d. The Contractor shall establish and maintain a quality control procedure to assure compliance of the ARVS with the requirements of the specification. Documentation describing the quality control procedure shall be provided to the Engineer.

1.6 TESTING

Manufacturing Quality Control (MQC) test results shall be provided by the manufacturer for the HPTRM component of the ARVS prior to installation during the duration of the project as material is delivered to the jobsite.

Independent Performance Test Results shall be provided upon request.

1.7 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

RECP labeling, shipment and storage shall follow ASTM D4873.

Product labels shall clearly show the manufacturer or supplier name, style name, and roll number.

Each shipping document shall include a notation certifying that the material is in accordance with the manufacturer’s certificate.

Each RECP roll shall be wrapped with a material that will protect the geotextile from damage due to shipment, water, sunlight, and contaminants.

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 5

(This will be waived for HPTRMs having a 90% retention of strength after 6000 hours of exposure per ASTM D4355.)

The protective wrapping shall be maintained during periods of shipment and storage.

During storage, RECP rolls shall be elevated off the ground and adequately covered to protect them from the following: Site construction damage, extended exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, precipitation,chemicals that are strong acids or strong bases, flames, sparks, temperatures in excess of 71 deg C (160 deg F)m and any other environmental condition that might damage the RECP.

1.8 QUALITY ASSURANCE SAMPLING, TESTING, AND ACCEPTANCE

RECP shall be subject to sampling and testing to verify conformance with this specification. Sampling for testing shall be in accordance with ASTM D 4354 .

Acceptance shall be in accordance with ASTM D4759 based on testing of either conformance samples obtained using Procedure A of ASTM D4354, or based on manufacturer’s certifications and testing of quality control samples obtained using Procedure B of ASTM D4354.

Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing will be waived for ISO 9001:2000 Certified Manufacturing Facilities. Documentation of ISO 9001 :2000 Certification shall be provided upon request.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MANUFACTURERS

All components of the ARVS shall be furnished by a single manufacturer as a complete system.

2.1.1 Substitutions

For consideration, alternate systems meeting the material specification must also have a documented history of ARVS installations totaling more than 350,000 square yards and have been in the marketplace for more than four (4) years. Past project documentation will be required for submittal for evaluation to include project name, date of installation, owner’s contact information and size of the project. Substitutions will not be allowed after the bid date.

2.2 MATERIALS

2.2.1 HPTRM

Three-dimensional, lofty woven polypropylene RECP specially designed for erosion control applications on levees, steep slopes, and vegetated waterways.

Matrix composed of Trilobal monofilament yarns woven into uniform configuration of resilient pyramid-like projections.

Must be a homogeneous matrix, and not comprised of layers, composites, or discontinuous materials, or otherwise loosely held together by stitched or glued netting.

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 6

The woven matrix of Trilobal yarns must be heat-set to improve interlock and minimize yarn displacement around anchors and pins, resulting in greater flexibility for improved conformance to uneven surfaces.

The HPTRM is to exhibit very high interlock and reinforcement capacity with both soil and root systems and demonstrate high tensile modulus.

The HPTRM shall meet the following values (minimum, range, or maximum):

Property Test Method Test Parameter Units Property Requirement

Thickness ASTM D6525 Range mm (in)

10.2* (0.4-0.5)*

Resiliency ASTM D6524 Minimum percent 80

Mass Per Unit Area

ASTM D6566 Range G/sq m (oz/sy)

457.7* (12.5-15.0)*

Tensile Strength ASTM D6818 Minimum kN/m (lbs/ft)

58.4 x 43.8 (4,000 x 3,000)

Tensile Elongation

ASTM D6818 Maximum percent 65

Light Penetration (% Passing)

ASTM D6567 Range percent 10-20*

UV Resistance ASTM D4355 Minimum percent 90 at 6000 hrs 85 at 10000 hrs

*Values must be MARV.

2.2.1.1 Performance Properties

In a vegetated state, the HPTRM must demonstrate acceptable performance (as defined by the Engineer) when subjected to continuous flow in a static flume test producing the following conditions.

a. Permissible velocity: 7.6 m/sec (25 ft/sec)

b. Permissible tractive force (shear stress): 0.766 kPa (16 psf)

c. Performance must be demonstrated by proper documentation at the time of product submittals for use on the project in the following areas:

(1) Flume testing at an independent facility under conditions similar to this project provided that the manufacturer can demonstrate that the material tested is functionally equivalent to the material being supplied. This may be demonstrated by providing index property test results from a GAI-LAP accredited laboratory for both the tested and supplied materials.

(2) Case history of successful performance (as defined by the Engineer) at an installation similar to this project where (documented) hydraulic forces met or exceeded the requirements listed above provided that the manufacturer can demonstrate that the case history material is functionally equivalent to the

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 7 material being supplied. This may be demonstrated by providing index property test results from a GAI-LAP accredited laboratory for both the case history and supplied materials.

(3) Wave overtopping testing specifically for levee applications that demonstrate volume capacity not less than 4 ft³/sec/ft after 9 equivalent hours of testing in the Colorado State University Wave Overtopping Simulator chartered by ERDC.

2.2.1.2 Manufacturing Quality Control

Testing shall be performed at a laboratory accredited by GAILAP for tests required for the HPTRM, at frequency exceeding ASTM D4354, with following minimum acceptable testing frequency:

Property Test Frequency sq m (sq yd)

Mass Per Unit Area 1/20,000 (1/24,000)

Tensile Strength 1/20,000 (1/24,000)

Tensile Elongation 1/20,000 (1/24,000)

Light Penetration (% Passing)

1/20,000 (1/24,000)

Resiliency 1/100,000 (1/120,000)

UV Resistance Annually

2.3 ANCHORING DEVICES

2.3.1 Securing Pins

a. Securing pins should be at least 0.20 in. diameter steel with a 1.5

in. steel washer at the head of the pin. Securing pins should be driven flush to the soil surface.

b. Length: 12 inches; sufficient ground penetration to resist pullout.

c. Placement: The pins provide for temporary tie-down of the HPTRM to the slope to aid with vegetation establishment. Locations of the pins along the top anchor trench one foot apart. Locations of the pins along the vertical overlaps are spaced one foot apart, except for where an earth percussion anchor is located. Pin pattern throughout slope face is per manufacturer’s recommendation, but should not be of a ratio less than 2 pins/sy.

2.3.2 Earth Percussion Anchors

Earth percussion anchors with a minimum drive depth of 36 inches are used to provide for permanent tie down of the HPTRM in locations specified in the drawings. Anchor spacing minimum is 0.5 anchors per square yard, and anchors must be installed on the roll edge overlaps at a 4ft on center maximum spacing. The earth percussion anchor components shall be made of materials suitable to resist corrosion and UV degradation particularly at the soil/air interface, and strategically selected to achieve an expected design life of 50 years. The anchor head shall have smooth edges and

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 8 shaped in a bullet like configuration with the driving end tapering to a rounded point, minimizing abrasion and installation damage to the HPTRM.

The top load bearing plate shall have openings allowing vegetative growth through the plate and protrude only about 0.2 inches above the surface of the mat after installation. The plate shall also include a recessed cavity so that the cable can be cut below the plate surface. For quality control purposes and warranty claims, earth percussion anchor should be delivered to the jobsite fully assembled and ready for installation, and meet the following requirements:

a. Materials

Component Standard(s) Material Composition Physical Properties

Anchor Head (Bullet Nose)

ASTM B85 Aluminum A383 Alloy (Gravity Die Cast)

Width: 25mm (1.0in.)

Length: 84mm (3.3in.)

Bearing Area: 16cm2 (1.5in2) Weight: 45grams (0.1 lb.).

Cable Tendon ASTM A1023 Zinc-Aluminum Coated Carbon Steel

Diameter: 3mm (0.12 in.)

1X19 Strand Construction

Load Bearing Plate

ASTM B240-10 Die Cast Zinc with an Eight (8)

Opening Array;

Utilizing a

Ceramic Roller & Directional

Locking Device

Diameter: 108mm (4.25 in.)

Thickness: 2.5mm (0.1in.)

Tendon Sleeves MS51844 Zinc-Aluminum Length: 15.875mm (5/8) in Wall Thickness: 4.8mm

(3/16)

b. Performance

Performance Property Value

Cable Tendon Working Load Strength

3.56 kN (0.8 Kips)

Cable Tendon Yield Strength 4.89 kN (1.1 Kips)

Composite Anchor Load Strength 2.22 kN (0.5 Kips)

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 9

Performance Property Value

Minimum Anchor Drive Depth 3.0ft

Maximum Anchor Drive Depth 8.0 ft

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

a. Grade and compact areas to be treated with ARVS. Subgrade shall be uniform and smooth.

b. Remove large rocks, soil clods, vegetation, and other sharp objects, so that the installed mat will have direct contact with the subgrade surface.

c. Prepare seedbed by loosening 2 in. of soil above final grade.

d. Select and apply seed (in an amount equivalent to 50% of the total mixture required to be installed on the soil surface) in accordance with Section 32 92 19.10 SEEDING , to scarified surface prior to installation of RECP. Do not mulch.

e. Keep areas moist as necessary to establish vegetation. When watering seeded areas, use fine spray to prevent erosion of seeds or soil. If as a result of rain, prepared seedbed becomes crusted or eroded, or if eroded places, ruts, or depressions exist for any reason, rework soil until smooth and reseed such areas.

f. Excavate an initial anchor trench 2 ft. wide by 2 ft. deep, a minimum of 3 ft. from the toe of the channel slope in the channel bed.

Excavate a terminal anchor trench 1 ft. wide by 1 ft. deep, a minimum 3 ft. past the crest of the channel slope.

3.2 INSTALLATION

a. Install RECP at elevations and alignment indicated.

b. Beginning at downstream end of the channel, place the initial edge of roll No. 1 of RECP on top of the channel slope and secure with pinning devices. Position adjacent rolls (No. 2, 3, 4, and 5) and secure in same manner.

c. Unroll the mats down the slope in sequence. Secure longitudinal edge of RECP with pinning devices at 12 in. intervals, and with earth percussion anchors in accordance with the pattern / frequency specified in the project drawings.

d. Continue unrolling the mats in sequence across the bottom of the channel until the RECP fully lines the terminal 2 ft. by 2 ft. anchor trench excavated minimum 3 ft. from the toe of slope.

e. Place the terminal end of the first roll of RECP in the terminal anchor trench, and secure the RECP with ground anchor devices at 4 ft.

intervals along the trench. Backfill and compact with cohesive material.

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 10

f. Continue installation as described above, overlapping adjacent rolls 6

in. minimum with upstream mat on top. Secure with one row of ground pinning devices on 12 in. centers and with one row of earth percussion anchors per the designed anchor pattern / frequency specified in the project drawings.

g. Install the last roll (No. 6) of RECP on top of the channel slope, along the initial edges of the first five rolls, overlapping 6 in.

minimum. Secure with one row of ground pinning devices on 12 in.

centers and with one row of earth percussion anchors per the designed anchor pattern / frequency specified in the project drawings.

h. Place the opposite edge of the last roll (No. 6) of RECP in the terminal 1 ft. by 1 ft. anchor trench, and secure the RECP with ground anchor devices at 4 ft. intervals along the trench. Backfill and compact with cohesive material.

i. Install the rest of the ground anchor devices on RECP, per drawings, or as directed by the COR.

j. Alternate installation methods must be approved by the COR.

k. Soil fill and seed the ARVS:

(1) Installed ARVS shall be seeded with the remaining 50% of seed and soil filled.

(2) Rubber-tired vehicles must be used, and sharp turns avoided. No heavy and/or tracked equipment or sharp turns are permitted on the installed HPTRM. Avoid any traffic over the HPTRM, if loose or wet soil conditions exist.

(3) Do not place excessive soil above material.

(4) Broadcast additional seed above soil-filled mat and irrigate as necessary to establish/maintain vegetation.

-- End of Section --

SECTION 31 35 19.16 Page 11