Chapter 9 - Integrated Pest Management Plan - March 2008.pdf

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PLAN

U.S. ARMY GARRISON

FORT GREELY, ALASKA

MARCH 2008

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................iii

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS..............................................................................iv

A. BACKGROUND

1. Purpose

2. Authority

3. Program Objective

4. Plan Maintenance

B. RESPONSIBILITIES

1. Garrison Commander

2. Installation Pest Management Coordinator

3. Base Support Contractor

4. Pest Control Contractor

5. Building Occupants

C. INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

1. Legal Mandate

2. IPM Operations

D. INSTALLATION PEST MANAGEMENT

1. Noxious/Invasive Plants and Animals

2. Other Undesirable Vegetation

3. Structural Pests

4. Pests Found in and Around Buildings

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page i U.S. Army Garrison Fort Greely, Alaska

5. Public Health Pests

6. Turf and Ornamental Pests

7. Vertebrate Pests

E. HEALTH AND SAFETY

1. Medical Surveillance of Pest Management Personnel

2. Hazard Communication

3. Pest Control Vehicles

4. Protection of the Public

F. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

1. Sensitive Areas

2. Environmental Documentation

3. Pesticide Spills and Remediation

4. Prohibited Activities

G. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION

1. Pest Management Operations

2. Agricultural Outleases

3. Coordination – DoD, Other Federal, State and Local

4. Sale and Distribution of Pesticide

APPENDIX A Specific Pests and Control Methods.............................................................A-1

APPENDIX B Sample Pesticide Use Proposal Form...........................................................B-1

APPENDIX C Pest Controller Certifications .......................................................................C-1

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page ii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Fort Greely is located approximately 100 miles southeast of Fairbanks, Alaska, just south of Delta Junction, Alaska. It consists of approximately 6,750 acres, bounded on the west by the Richardson Highway, and on the east by Jarvis Creek. The Donnelly Training Area, run by Fort Wainwright, borders the installation on three sides. Allen Army airfield is located on the northern part of Fort Greely. The Ground Based Midcourse Defense (GMD) Missile Defense Complex is located in the southern third of the installation. The testing and siting of GMD components is a primary mission of the installation.

Pest management services are the responsibility of the Base Operations Contractor, currently Chugach Allutiq Joint Ventures, who have subsequently sub-contracted pesticide services to American Pesticide Management. The sub-contractor operations originate from off-post which alleviates any pesticide storage issues. All applicators are certified by the State of Alaska.

The contents of this Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) apply to all activities and individuals working, residing or otherwise doing business at Fort Greely. Federal agencies are mandated by Public Law (Section 136r-1 of Title 7, United States Code) to use Integrated Pest Management (IPM).

The Fort Greely Installation Pest Management Coordinator is responsible for overseeing the pest management program. Pest prevention, through good sanitation practices, is the responsibility of all individuals who occupy or maintain buildings or open spaces on the installation. Pest management personnel will follow the practices and procedures outlined in the IPMP. Before any pesticides are applied, non-chemical efforts will be used to the maximum extent possible.

This plan is a working document and will be periodically updated to reflect actual pest management practices. It describes pest management requirements, outlines the resources necessary for surveillance and control, and describes the administrative, safety, and environmental requirements of the program. It requires the use of certified pest management technicians to control pests, which include weeds, invertebrate animals, and vertebrate pests posing a threat to public health, real property, or stored products.

Without control, these organisms could interfere with the military mission by exposing personnel to disease, causing damage to structures, and destroying stored commodities.

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page iii

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page iv

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AR Army Regulation

DoD Department of Defense

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act

GMD Ground Based Midcourse Defense

IMCOM Installation Management Command

IPM Integrated Pest Management

IPMC Installation Pest Management Coordinator

IPMP Integrated Pest Management Plan

MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet

PUF Annual Plan Update Form

PUP Pesticide Use Proposal Form

USAEC U.S. Army Environmental Command

A. BACKGROUND

1. Purpose Integrated pest management (IPM) is a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools in a way that minimizes economic, health, and environmental risks. Federal agencies are mandated to use IPM by Public Law (Section 136r-1 of Title 7, United States Code). This plan is a framework through which an IPM program is defined and accomplished on the installation. It describes the following program elements;

health & environmental safety, pest identification, pest management, and pesticide storage, use, and disposal. The goal of the Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) is to reduce reliance on pesticides and enhance environmental protection. It reflects current DoD/Army policies, procedures, and standards and incorporates the requirements of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the State of Alaska.

2. Authority

a. Section 136 et seq. of title 7, United States Code, Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) as amended.

b. DoD Instruction 4150.7, DoD Pest Management Program, 22 April 1996.

c. AR 200-1, Chapter 5, Environmental Protection and Enhancement, 13

December 2007.

d. Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Section 1910, Occupational Safety and Health Standards.

e. DAIM ED Memorandum, Army Policy on Self Help Pest Management Program, Self Help Pest Management Program for Military Housing Occupants and Building Managers, 14 January 2007.

3. Program Objective The plan provides guidance for maintenance of a safe and effective pest management program. Principles of IPM are stressed in the plan. IPM consists of judicious use of both chemical and non-chemical control techniques to achieve effective pest management with minimal environmental contamination or damage. Adherence to the plan will ensure effective, economical, and environmentally acceptable pest management and will maintain compliance with pertinent laws and regulations.

4. Plan Maintenance

The plan will be maintained by the Installation Pest Management Coordinator.

Pen and ink changes may be made to the Plan throughout the fiscal year, and will be reviewed and updated annually. Annual updates of the plan will be sent to the U.S. Army Environmental Command Pest Management Consultant no later than 31 October each year.

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page 1

B. RESPONSIBILITIES

1. Garrison Commander

a. Designate an Installation Pest Management Coordinator, in writing, for all pest management activities.

b. Approve and support the IPMP.

c. Ensure that all pest management operations are conducted safely and have minimal impact on the environment.

d. Ensure that adequate funds and staffing are provided to support the installation pest management program requirements.

2. Installation Pest Management Coordinator

a. Maintain the IPMP, review it annually, and update as necessary.

b. Gather relevant pest management information and report it to USAEC annually (by 31 Oct) via the pesticide use proposal (PUP) and annual plan update forms (PUF).

c. Coordinate pest management activities between Fort Greely and USAEC.

d. Provide answers to questions concerning pest management from USAEC.

e. Obtain pest management training.

f. Monitor pest surveillance and treatment activities through the Base Operations

Contractor, to ensure the plan is followed and applicable information is maintained.

g. Ensure any new pest management commercial solicitation incorporates all Army requirements and is forwarded to USAEC for technical review before issuance.

3. Base Support Contractor:

a. Sub-contract for pest services at Fort Greely.

b. Ensure that the pest control applicators are licensed by the State of Alaska and maintain copies of their certifications.

c. Ensure that the pest control contractor has a copy of the current IPMP and is adhering to it.

d. Maintain records as required by the IPMP.

e. Ensure that the pest control personnel operate in a manner that minimizes risk of contamination to the environment and personnel.

f. Provide written records of pest surveillance and control efforts to the

Installation Pest Management Coordinator.

4. Pest Control Contractor:

a. Assure pesticides are used only after non-chemical methods have been evaluated/attempted and determined ineffective.

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page 2

b. Evaluate all pesticides prior to use and assess the risks associated with the treatment. The least hazardous pesticide should always be used first, unless it had been proven to be ineffective.

c. Provide the Base Support Contractor with documentation as required by the

IPMP.

d. Use only DoD, Army, and State approved pesticides.

e. Manage and dispose of empty containers according to federal, state, and local laws.

f. Comply with the requirements of the IPMP.

g. Ensure personnel are properly trained in pesticide handling, use, and disposal practices and are certified by the State of Alaska.

h. Only mix enough pesticide needed for each application. However, if waste pesticide is generated at Fort Greely, transfer the waste to the Hazardous Waste Management Contractor for proper disposal.

5. Building Occupants

a. Apply good sanitary practices to prevent pest infestations.

b. Use all non-chemical pest control techniques to the fullest extent before requesting assistance from pest control contractors.

c. Cooperate with the Base Operations Contractor and Pest Control personnel in integrated pest management.

d. Housing tenants may use over the counter consumer pesticides when applied according to the manufacturer’s directions.

e. Do not put food out for stray or wild animals that will attract and sustain pests.

f. Over the counter consumer pesticide is prohibited in the non-housing facilities such as offices, dining facilities, clinic, CDC and school unless applied by the certified pest control technician.

C. INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

1. Legal Mandate Federal agencies are mandated by Public Law to use IPM. IPM is a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tolls in a way that minimizes economic, health, and environmental risks.

The Army is committed to IPM at its facilities and installations as the best approach to control pests and reduce pesticide reliance and resistance.

2. IPM Operations Although IPM emphasizes the use of non-chemical strategies, chemical control may be an option used in conjunction with other methods. The IPM outlines found in Appendix A describe methods for detecting, monitoring, and controlling specific pests. Appendix B contains as an example, the FY08 pesticide use proposal form (PUP). The PUP lists all the pesticides Fort Greely plans to use for the upcoming fiscal year as well as names, active ingredients and percentages, March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page 3

EPA registration numbers, label signal words, target pests and specific target sites. A PUP is part of the annual IPMP review and will be submitted to AEC, by 31 October every year.

D. INSTALLATION PEST MANAGEMENT

1. Noxious/Invasive Plants and Animals Executive Order 13112 requires all federal agencies to prevent the introduction of invasive species, to provide for their control, and to minimize the economic, ecological, and human health impacts that invasive species may cause. Invasive species are defined as an alien species whose introduction does or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or human health concerns. Alien species are further defined as any species, including its seeds, eggs, spores, or other biological material capable of propagating the species, that are not native to that ecosystem.

Fort Greely has few faunal invasive species and the primary invasive species are vascular plants. Known invasive mammals on Fort Greely include the house mouse and possibly rats. Control of invasive plant species has been concentrated in the cantonment areas (airfield, shoulders of main roads, storage areas, and in pavement cracks). The Natural Resources Office is responsible for identifying invasive plant species that need eradication. As always, chemical control will be used as a last resort option. Any plant control activities associated with withdrawn lands will comply with the Bureau of Land Management strategic noxious weed control plan.

2. Other Undesirable Vegetation Other vegetation requiring control consists of three general types: lawn and turf weeds, weeds along roads and in and around improved non-lawn grounds, and weeds interfering with operations. Weed control is performed from mid-April to late-October on an as-needed basis, based on visual inspections. Mowing of grassy areas is used to limit the reproductive success of weeds. Herbicide application is forbidden on playgrounds or on other areas where children may play. Soil-sterilant chemicals may be applied to electrical transformer sites, airfield hardstands and runways, and tank farms. Sterilants are applied to areas where vegetation growth is a safety or security concern, or interferes with a specific mission. Areas treated with sterilants generally need be treated only once every 3 to 5 years. Physical removal of brush and weeds, as with blading or rotary axe-type equipment, has been used as an alternative to sterilant chemicals, but has been found to be more labor-intensive and less effective than sterilants, and too hazardous for some areas.

3. Structural Pests Pests that cause damage to buildings and other wooden structures at Fort Greely are primarily carpenter ants and wood-destroying fungi; termites do not exist in most parts of Alaska. Structural damage caused by these pests is not an annual occurrence and damage done in the past has been rare. Carpenter ant infestations

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page 4 are controlled as needed, using glue traps, baits, and aerosol flushing, and removal of the colony if it can be located. Structural damage caused by fungi is best controlled by preventative measures, such as using treated lumber and minimizing humidity in buildings through adequate ventilation. Wood that has been significantly damaged by fungus must generally be replaced. No wood-protections chemicals are applied by Fort Greeley pest control personnel.

4. Pests Found in and Around Buildings

a. Stored Product Pests - Stored food products and certain textiles may be infested with a variety of moths, beetles, weevils, and other invertebrates.

Inspections and product surveillance are carried out by facility personnel at the Bistro, Commissary and PX. Infested product is removed from the storage facility any spilled product or unsanitary condition that could support further infestation are eliminated. Infestations are reported to the contract pest controller for follow-up pest control.

b. Other Pests – This category includes cockroaches, earwigs, silverfish, spiders, fleas, wasps, and other pests. These pests are controlled to maintain the quality of life and morale of building occupants and household residents.

Actual eradication of these pests is not feasible, but effective controls can be employed to temporarily eliminate them or greatly reduce their numbers. The cockroach is the most common and important pest in this category. It is significant because of its potential to carry disease and its adverse effect on morale when visible in dining areas, lavatories, and housing units.

The three species of cockroach found on Fort Greely are the German, Brown, and Smokey-brown cockroach, with the German cockroach being the most prevalent. Surveillance is the most important tool in cockroach control, as it informs the pest controller of the pest species involved, the degree of infestation, and what control measures will be most effective. The use of adhesive traps monitored by both the pest controller and the building occupant aid in the positive identification of the species; no chemical pesticides are to be used without positive identification.

An integrated approach to cockroach management includes education of the building occupants, proper sanitation, physical exclusion, and chemical control. Preventive control measures such as proper sanitation and sealing crevices within buildings reduce the chance of pest survival by limiting food and shelter, and are preferred over chemical controls. A similar integrated approach (removal of food source, physical exclusion, and chemical control where necessary) is used in the management of other infestation pests such as silverfish, firebrats, ants, fleas, and clover mites.

5. Public Health Pests

a. Mosquitoes - Mosquitoes are often encountered on the installation. The potential for insect-borne diseases has been low in the past however the introduction of the West Nile Virus to North America in 1999 has the

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page 5 potential to reach Alaska in the future. The Alaska Department of Fish and Game performs mosquito surveillance for the virus. Light trapping is an ineffective means of counting flying insects in Alaska because of the prolonged summer daylight hours. Recommendations for chemical control are therefore based on public complaints, bite counts, and larval surveys.

Insecticide applications are done on an as needed basis to keep insect populations below vector or nuisance levels, and are performed with “Ultra-low volume” application equipment. Mosquito vacuum trapping devices are regularly utilized to minimize the mosquito population.

b. Swallow bugs – Swallow bugs are blood feeding parasites of birds that occasionally make their way into living quarters and bite humans. These pests are managed by preventing the construction of bird nests on post buildings and chemically treating interior areas found to be infested. (Note: Swallows are a protected species and only designated post personnel are permitted and authorized to remove inactive nests. Contact the Environmental Office at 873-3105 for information on swallows and nest removal)

c. Filth Flies – Filth flies become an occasional problem during summer and autumn. Management of these potential disease vectors focuses on the restriction of breeding opportunities and prevention of entry into buildings.

Proper sanitation and disposal of garbage is the responsibility of all Fort Greely personnel.

d. Bees and Wasps – Bees and wasps are commonly found in and around buildings and other structures and cause significant problems when they build nests in entryways. The envenomization from bee, yellow jacket, and wasp stings may produce allergic reactions in some individuals. Individual nests are destroyed with aerosol pesticide on an as needed basis.

6. Turf and Ornamental Pests Scale insects, aphids, spruce bark beetles, and other pests of trees and ornamental plants become significant pests only when damaging populations occur.

Chemical control operations shall be based solely on need and all efforts will be made to avoid environmental problems caused by overuse of pesticides. Spider mites and clover mites are a persistent nuisance pest in plantings around family quarters and troop barracks in early summer and are controlled on an as needed basis.

7. Vertebrate Pests

a. Rodents – Rodents are the most important animal pest at Fort Greely. Mice, voles, red squirrels, and arctic ground squirrels can destroy or contaminate stored food as well as damage and undermine structures by gnawing and burrowing. Holes gnawed by rodents through wood and siding allow other pests to enter buildings and rodent nests in attics and wall spaces provide habitat for mites and other arthropod pests. Rodents inside buildings are managed using an integrated approach of sanitation, exclusion and lethal control. Live trapping can be used for squirrels, however the arctic ground

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page 6 squirrel is a protected species and only authorized individuals can trap them.

Contact the Environmental Office at 873-3105 for help with ground squirrels.

b. Swallows – Swallows are the primary bird pests at Fort Greely. Types of swallows present at Fort Greely include Cliff, Violet-Green, Tree and Bank swallows. While these birds contribute to the control of mosquitoes and other insect pests, their habit of constructing nests on building exteriors can cause damage to the buildings, create a nuisance and eyesore with accumulated droppings, and represent a potential health threat to occupants. The health risk is from lice and mites carried by the birds that migrate from the nests to building interiors. Physical exclusion of birds from potential nesting sites is the preferred means of control. The birds cannot be disturbed. Only inactive nests can be removed and only by designated, permitted individuals. It is illegal to disturb an active nest. Contact the Environmental Office at 873- 3105 for more information on swallows and nest removal.

c. Pigeons, Gulls, and Crows may also become pests. Pigeons cause many of the same concerns as swallows. Gulls and Crows may create an occasional nuisance with their scavenging activities. Proper sanitation and maintenance of dumpsters are used to limit scavenging activities.

E. HEALTH AND SAFETY

1. Medical Surveillance of Pest Management Personnel Pest control on Fort Greely is handled through a service contract between the Base Operations Contractor, currently Chugach Allutiq Joint Ventures, and their sub-contractor, currently American Pest Management. The medical surveillance program does not apply to non-government personnel.

2. Hazard Communication Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) for all pesticides and other toxic substances used in the pest management program can be found in the Base Operations Contractor’s office located in Building 601. Copies of MSDSs are also kept on each pest control vehicle for all pesticides being used that day.

3. Pest Control Vehicles

Pesticides shall be transported only in lockable storage compartments on designated vehicles. Pesticides shall not be transported in the cab at any time.

Care should be taken to secure pesticides to prevent damage to the containers and spillage of the pesticide. At no time will pesticides be left unsecured in the vehicle unattended. A portable eye wash and spill kit will be carried in the pest control vehicle when in use. All vehicles will have a label affixed stating

“CONTAMINATED WITH PESTICIDES”.

4. Protection of the Public Precautions are taken during pesticide application to protect the public. During outside applications, care is taken to make sure that any spray drift is kept away

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page 7 from individuals, including the applicator. Only certified and trained pest control applicators are allowed in a treatment area during application.

F. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

1. Sensitive Areas Sensitive areas include any wetlands or water bodies, lands that drain directly into water bodies, schools and playgrounds, and the childcare center. Sensitive areas listed on pesticide labels must be considered before any pest control operations are conducted. No pesticides can be applied directly to wetlands or water bodies unless such site is specifically approved on the label and has been approved by the DPW Environmental Office and the State of Alaska via a permit.

2. Environmental Documentation

An Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan and its associated EA, as well as a copy of this plan are kept on file in the DPW Environmental Office. Copies of the yearly IPMP review forms and the proposed pesticide use forms are also kept in the DPW Environmental Office.

3. Pesticide Spills and Remediation

Pesticide spill clean up kits are to be carried on the pest control vehicle. All pesticide spills must be reported immediately to 873-FIRE in accordance with the Fort Greely Environmental Procedure, Chapter 5: Spill Reporting and Response.

4. Prohibited Activities

a. A pesticide will not be used in any manner inconsistent with its label.

b. No pesticide will be used whose registration has been suspended or cancelled by the EPA or the State of Alaska.

c. Herbicides will not be used to control weeds at the Child Development Center or in any areas where children play.

d. No container will be used that is leaking, has deteriorated significantly as a result of rust, is bulging from overpressure, or is damaged in such a way that the material is apt to leak.

e. No pesticide will be stored at Fort Greely. Any usable pesticide remaining after application must be removed from the installation for later use.

f. Aerial applications will only be used in medical or other emergency situations.

The IPMC will prepare a plan and consult and coordinate with both IMCOM- PAC and U.S. Army Environmental Command (USAEC) prior to use.

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page 8

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan Page 9 U.S. Army Garrison Fort Greely, Alaska

G. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION

1. Pest Management Operations All pest management services provided on Fort Greely are performed under contract. All contract personnel applying pesticides on Fort Greely are certified by the State of Alaska. See Appendix C for copies of certifications. Chugach Allutiq Joint Ventures subcontracts pest management duties to American Pest Management.

In accordance with Executive Order 12856 and Secretary of Defense Memorandum, Subject: Comprehensive Pollution Prevention Strategy, 11 August 1994, pest management contracts are initiated on an “as needed” basis. Monthly or periodic spraying is not allowed unless deemed necessary after surveying and monitoring pest population levels, and all non chemical methods have been deemed ineffective. Use of integrated pest management techniques will be encouraged in all contracts. Pest problems threatening the health, safety, or welfare of installation personnel shall receive priority. If there is a need for emergency pest services, the Installation Pest Management Coordinator will contact the USAEC Pest Management Consultant for verbal approval.

2. Agricultural Outleases There are no agricultural outleases on Fort Greely.

3. Coordination – DoD, Other Federal, State and Local

a. The USAEC Pest Management Consultant provides technical review of the pest management plan and gives special attention to any pesticide application that uses restricted use pesticide or uses any pesticide that may significantly contaminate surface or ground water.

b. Liaison is maintained between the IPMC and the Preventive Medicine personnel at Bassett Army Community Hospital to determine the prevalence of disease vectors and other public health pests at the installation. The U.S.

Fish and Wildlife Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game are consulted on any wildlife control issues.

4. Sale and Distribution of Pesticide

a. AAFES and Commissary – Pesticides sold in the Post Exchange and Commissary are registered by the EPA for general use; restricted use products are not sold. Pesticides are packaged as ready-to-use, such as aerosol cans and bait stations.

b. Self-Help – Pesticides provided through self-help must be in accordance with the Army Policy on the Self Help Pest Management Program and approved by the Fort Greely IPMC. Currently the only pest related products issued are – mosquito trapping vacuums.

APPENDIX A

SPECIFIC PESTS AND CONTROL METHODS

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PEST PAGE

Broadleaf Weeds and Undesirable Vegetation A-3

Ornamental Pests A-4

Pests Found in and Around Buildings A-5

Cockroaches A-7

Wasps, Hornets, & Bees A-9

Mice A-10

Mosquitoes A-12

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-2

BROADLEAF WEEDS AND UNDESIRABLE VEGETATION

SITES: Lawns and maintained turf, fence lines, building perimeters, storage yards, secured sites, and road shoulders

PURPOSE: To control broadleaf weeds, crabgrass, and unwanted vegetation to maximize aesthetics and minimize damage to property, to reduce fire hazards, and to enhance security

SURVEILLANCE

a. Conducted by: Certified pest controller.

b. Methods: Visual observation.

c. Frequency: Ongoing though the growing season (May through September).

NONCHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Mechanical and Physical. - Mechanical removal of undesirable broadleaf weeds.

This method is appropriate where a limited number of plants are found, but is not recommended when broadleaf weeds are numerous. Mowing and string trimmers can be used to remove undesirable vegetation.

b. Biological - None

CHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Hand or power sprayer. Chemical is applied to unwanted vegetation in accordance with label directions. To be performed by certified pest controller.

b. Pesticides - See table below.

Pesticide EPA Reg. No. Site Round Up Pro

524-475 Total vegetation control where needed

X-77 Not regulated Total vegetation control where needed

c. Control Standard - Vegetation is killed within 2-4 weeks following treatment.

PRECAUTIONS FOR SENSITIVE AREAS: Avoid direct application to any body of water. Avoid contact with foliage or green stems of desirable plants and trees;

avoid drift that could damage desirable plants; do not spray if wind speed is in excess of five miles per hour.

PROHIBITED PRACTICES: None

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS: None

REMARKS: None

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-3

ORNAMENTAL PESTS

SITES Wherever desirable plantings are found on the installation.

PURPOSE To control scale insects, aphids, spruce bark beetles, and other pests of trees and ornamental plants. Control will only be performed when large numbers of pests are present and significant damage will occur. Chemical control operations shall be based solely on need, and all efforts are made to avoid environmental problems caused by the overuse of pesticides. Spider mites and clover mites are a persistent nuisance pest in plantings around family quarters and troop barracks in early summer, and are controlled on an as-needed basis.

SURVEILLANCE

a. Conducted by: Certified pest controller.

b. Methods: Visual observations.

c. Frequency: On-going throughout the year.

NONCHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Mechanical and Physical - None

b. Biological – None

CHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Hand or power sprayer.

b. Pesticides - See table below.

Pesticide EPA Reg.

No.

Site

Talstar One 279-3206 Ornamental trees and shrubs

c. Control Standard - Pests are killed within one week following treatment.

PRECAUTIONS FOR SENSITIVE AREAS None

PROHIBITED PRACTICES None

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS None

REMARKS None

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-4

PESTS FOUND IN AND AROUND BUILDINGS

SITES Offices break areas, warehouses, and administrative areas.

PURPOSE To control household pests (cockroaches, spiders, ants, other crawling insects, flies, bees, and wasps) in areas where food is stored and served or other areas where pests interfere with the mission.

SURVEILLANCE

a. Conducted by: Building occupants and certified pest controller.

b. Methods: Complaints, visual observation, and sticky traps.

c. Frequency: On-going during normal installation activities. The certified pest controller will evaluate any problem during a service call.

NONCHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Mechanical and Physical - Spilled food is cleaned up and stored food items are placed in closed containers. Good housekeeping is used to eliminate trash, disused boxes, old equipment, and other materials that provide harborage for crawling pests. Areas in and around buildings where these pests interfere with the mission are kept clean to minimize infestations.

Sticky traps are placed in kitchens and bathrooms when a minor infestation of cockroaches occurs. Cockroach harborage is eliminated by caulking (or filling with other materials) minor cracks, crevices, holes in walls and floors, or other areas where the structure has provided small openings that could be used by cockroaches. Screens are used to prevent entry by flying insects.

b. Biological – None

CHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Aerosol application of pesticide directly to flying insects (other than bees and wasps). Crack and crevice or spot treatment of pesticides where crawling pests have been seen. Granular application for ants in outside areas.

b. Pesticides: See table below.

Pesticide EPA Reg No. Site Max Force Products

64248-12, 64248-10, 32- 1259, 6428-11, & 6428-21

Spot treatment in offices and other buildings for control of cockroaches, ants, spiders, and other crawling pests

Avert Gel 499-410 Offices and buildings for roach control Wasp Freeze 499-362 Exterior treatment for wasps and hornets Gentrol GR 2724-351 Interior treatment for roaches and fleas.

Siege Gel 241-313-9444 Interior/exterior treatment for roaches Tempo Products 3125-498, 3125-390, 432-1377

Exterior/Interior treatment for a broad spectrum of insects

c. Control Standard: No pests are found 30 days after use.

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-5

PROHIBITED PRACTICES None

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS None

REMARKS None

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-6

COCKROACHES

SITES Offices break areas, food service areas, warehouses, and administrative areas.

PURPOSE To control cockroaches in areas where food is stored and served or other areas where pests interfere with the mission.

SURVEILLANCE

a. Conducted by: Building occupants and certified pest controller.

b. Methods: Complaints, visual observation, and sticky traps. Since cockroaches are most active after dark, inspections should be done with the lights off, using a flashlight with a yellow filter to prevent light disturbance.

c. Frequency: On-going. The certified pest controller will evaluate any problem during a service call.

NONCHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Mechanical and Physical - Spilled food is cleaned up and stored food items are placed in closed containers. Eliminate trash, disused boxes, old equipment, and other materials that provide harborage for crawling pests. Keep areas dry;

repair any leaks or condensation problems. Weather-strip around doors and windows.

Sticky traps are placed in kitchens and bathrooms when a minor infestation of cockroaches occurs. Cockroach harborage is eliminated by caulking (or filling with other materials) minor cracks, crevices, holes in walls and floors, or other areas where the structure has provided small openings that could be used by cockroaches.

b. Biological – None

CHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Crack and crevice or spot treatment of pesticides where cockroaches have been seen.

Max Force Products

64248-12, 64248-10, 32- 1259, 6428-11, & 6428-21

Spot treatment in offices and other buildings for control of cockroaches

Avert Gel 499-410 Offices and buildings for roach control Gentrol GR 2724-351 Interior treatment for roaches.

Siege Gel 241-313-9444 Interior/exterior treatment for roaches

c. Control Standard: No pests are found 30 days after use.

PROHIBITED PRACTICES Don’t treat surfaces where food is prepared.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS None

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-7

REMARKS None

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-8

WASPS, HORNETS, AND BEES

SITES Under overhangs, picnic & luncheon areas, trash and waste receptacles, around flowering vegetation.

PURPOSE To control stinging insects in areas where humans congregate.

SURVEILLANCE

a. Conducted by: Building occupants and certified pest controller.

b. Methods: Complaints, visual observation.

c. Frequency: On-going during normal installation activities. The certified pest controller will evaluate any problem during a service call.

NONCHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Mechanical and Physical – Clean outdoor food sources such as trashcans, dumpsters, luncheon or picnic areas as frequently as possible to avoid attracting the insects. Seal openings in walls, etc, to prevent nest construction. Remove nests in dormant season to avoid reoccupation.

Place traps are placed in kitchens and bathrooms when a minor infestation of cockroaches occurs. Cockroach harborage is eliminated by caulking (or filling with other materials) minor cracks, crevices, holes in walls and floors, or other areas where the structure has provided small openings that could be used by cockroaches. Screens are used to prevent entry by flying insects.

b. Biological – None

CHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Treat with an aerosol insecticide designed to shoot a freezing spray from a distance. Apply when least likely to drift (i.e. windless days) and in the late afternoon or early evening when activity is minimal.

Wasp Freeze 499-362 Exterior treatment for wasps, hornets, and bees

c. Control Standard: No pests are found 2-3 days after use.

PROHIBITED PRACTICES None

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS Bees provide needed pollination and wasps and hornets are important predators to many plant pests, therefore only eliminate populations where there is an imminent threat to humans.

REMARKS None

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-9

MICE

SITES All buildings

PURPOSE To control mice in warehouses, offices, and other buildings.

SURVEILLANCE

a. Conducted by: Building occupants, maintenance personnel, and certified pest controller.

b. Methods: Visual observation for mouse damage and droppings.

c. Frequency: Daily by building occupants. As required by certified pest controller.

NONCHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Mechanical and Physical - Good sanitation is practiced to reduce food and water for mice. Spilled food is cleaned up and not left exposed overnight and break areas are kept clean at all times. Bags, boxes, pallets, and other potential harborage are removed from areas where rodents could hide. Food is kept in closed containers

Openings to buildings that are greater than 1/4-inch are eliminated. Particular attention is given to doors that do not close completely and areas on the outside of the buildings where pipes and other utilities enter the building. Sticky glue boards and snap traps are often used to capture mice when an infestation is found in offices.

b. Biological - None

CHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Bait stations located in buildings with rodent infestations.

Pesticide EPA Reg. No. Site Contrac Blox 12455-79 Place in bait stations inside and outside of buildings.

Talon-G 100-1057 Place in bait stations inside and outside of buildings.

c. Control Standard: No product or building damage from mice. Significant reduction in the number of mouse droppings should be seen around bait stations within 30 days following bait placement.

PRECAUTIONS FOR SENSITIVE AREAS None

PROHIBITED PRACTICES Keep out of reach of non-target animals. Place baits in tamper-proof containers.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS None.

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-10

REMARKS Pesticides are considered the last option in controlling mice. As long as entry points into buildings exist, then trapping or baiting may be the only alternative for control.

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-11

MOSQUITOES

SITES Standing water for mosquito larvae and all other areas for mosquito adults.

PURPOSE: To prevent mosquitoes from transmitting diseases (e.g., West Nile Virus) or interfering with outdoor missions or recreational activities.

SURVEILLANCE

a. Conducted by: Certified pest controller for larvae and Preventive Medicine personnel for adult mosquitoes.

b. Methods: Visual observation for larvae. CO2 traps and complaints for adult mosquitoes.

c. Frequency: During the mosquito season (May-September).

NONCHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Mechanical and Physical - Drain any standing water (not to include any wetlands). Remove items that can hold water such as bottles, cans, and discarded tires to reduce potential breeding sites. Clean gutters to reduce standing water. Personnel should empty (weekly) or eliminate containers that hold water that may provide mosquito breeding sites. Use yellow incandescent light bulbs and high pressure sodium lights to reduce attracting mosquitoes.

Place screens on windows and keep windows and doors closed when not in use.

Use mosquito vacuums to trap mosquitoes.

b. Biological – Mosquito larvacides containing methoprene (i.e. Altocid) or Bacillus thuringiensis Berlinger variety israelensis (Bti) (i.e. Bacimos)

CHEMICAL CONTROL METHOD

a. Hand or power sprayer for treating larva. ULV fogging for adult mosquitoes.

b. Pesticides: None being used at the present time.

c. Control Standard - Mosquitoes are killed within 3-4 days following larval treatment and one day following ULV fogging.

PRECAUTIONS FOR SENSITIVE AREAS Do not apply larvacides before heavy precipitation that may wash away insecticides. Read pesticide labels for additional prohibited practices.

PROHIBITED PRACTICES Do not apply aerosols when wind speeds exceed 5 miles per hour. Refer to a local list of pesticide sensitive individuals before applying ULV aerosols.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS See pesticide label for concerns. These pesticides can harm honeybees. Do not damage or eliminate wetland ecosystems. For determining locations of wetland ecosystems contact the Environment Office at 873-3105.

REMARKS A good mosquito control program places heavy emphasis on habitat reduction and the use of repellants. Chemical control is directed primarily at mosquito larvae. If a mosquito-borne disease is detected in an area (found in

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-12

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan A-13 U.S. Army Garrison Fort Greely, Alaska mosquito populations or reported human cases) coordination for surveillance and control should be made with the USACHPPM-West, Entomological Sciences Division, Fort Lewis, WA and other Federal (e.g. CDC), State or local health agencies.

APPENDIX B

SAMPLE PESTICIDE USE PROPOSAL FORM

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan B-1

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan B-2

APPENDIX C

PEST CONTROLLER CERTIFICATIONS

March 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan C-1

M C-2 arch 2008 Integrated Pest Management Plan