TE_10_AR420_1_SectionIII_Non-Hazardous_Solid_Waste_Management.pdf

1 AR 420–1 • 12 February 2008 AR 420–1 • 12 February 2008 1

Section III Non-Hazardous Solid Waste Management

23–9. Solid waste management policy This section establishes policy and criteria for the operation, maintenance, repair, and construction of facilities and systems for efficient and economical non-hazardous solid waste management including source reduction, resource recovery, re-use, recycling, composting, collection, transport, storage, and treatment of solid waste.

a. Solid waste management (SWM) will be in accordance with the Solid Waste Disposal Act (SWDA), as amended in 2002, (42 USC 6901–6992k), (also referred to as the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act or RCRA); the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) (42 USC 4321, et seq.); and Executive Order 13423; as well as all applicable regulations and requirements of the EPA, and, state and local jurisdictions.

b. Regulated medical waste management will be in accordance with AR 40–5 and AR 40–61.

c. Operations, maintenance, and repair of SWM facilities and/or equipment for collection, handling, and compacting will be in accordance with Chapter 6 of this regulation and TM 5–634.

d. Design criteria and standards for sanitary landfills will be in accordance with 40 CFR 258 and the U.S. Army

Corps of Engineers Technical Instruction, TI 800–01.

e. Army-owned and Army-operated SWM facilities will not be used as a municipal or regional SWM facility or as the SWM facility for surrounding communities, unless operated under an approved Enhanced Use Lease type agreement.

f. Solid waste dumping at unauthorized sites is prohibited. Unauthorized dump sites will be controlled and mitigated in accordance with the integrated solid waste management plan. Scavenging and picking through refuse in containers, dumpsters, or landfills is prohibited.

23–10. Integrated solid waste management principles

a. Army solid waste policy is based on the concept of Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM). Planning for ISWM is designed to minimize the initial input to the waste stream through source reduction, reducing the volume of the waste stream requiring disposal through re-use and recycling, and finally disposing of solid waste through the effective combination of composting, incineration, or landfill treatment. Full implementation of the ISWM concept and the coordinated evaluation of all elements of the solid waste stream from source generation to disposal will result in an effective installation SWM program.

b. The IMCOM will develop and implement an installation ISWM plan. The installation ISWM plan will document current waste management practices; evaluate current and future needs based on garrison mission, size, and economic and environmental considerations; identify required resources; and outline a strategy to implement the selected program options, and include provisions for measuring and reporting annual solid waste generation and diversion activities.

c. The ISWM plans will reduce the volume of the waste stream, enhance pollution abatement and conserve natural resources, through the following:

(1) Source reduction programs to reduce the initial amount of material coming onto the installation or generated by the garrison and ultimately requiring disposal to the solid waste stream.

(2) Qualifying recycling programs (QRPs) in accordance with the Military Construction Codification Act (Public Law 97–214, 10 USC 2577), DOD Instruction 4715.4, and Army policies.

(3) Yard waste management programs encompassing minimum lawn maintenance, native planting, and organic composting.

d. The cost for ISWM services will be held to a minimum through comprehensive solid waste management, planning, and an effective solid waste reduction and recycling program. An LCC analysis will be performed to determine the most cost effective approach to ISWM.

23–11. Solid waste reduction, resource recovery, re-use, and recycling, and composting practices

a. The installation ISWM plan will be reviewed and updated at least once every five years or when significant changes occur in the installation mission or infrastructure.

b. The ISWM plan will establish or expand a QRP to reduce the waste stream volume, enhance pollution control, and conserve natural resources when such programs are LCC effective. The garrison should determine what markets exist, if any, and the costs and prices associated with the markets.

c. Source reduction should be used to reduce the initial input to the solid waste stream by specifying that the minimum packing and packaging materials be used for items shipped to the installation. Industrial and administrative processes should be evaluated to reduce waste.

d. Guidance on development of ISWM plans is available from the U.S. Army Engineering and Support Center, Huntsville and the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine. The Construction Criteria Base on the Whole Building Design Guide Web site contains an ISWMP template and relevant Public Works Technical Bulletins (PWTBs), PWTB 200–1–15 and PWTB 200–1–15z, at http://www.wbdg.org/ccb/browse_cat.

php?o=31&c=215 USACHPPM guide, TG–197, for preparing ISWM plans is at http://chppm-www.apgea.army.mil/ documents/TG/TECHGUID/TG197.pdf.

http://www.wbdg.org/ccb/browse_cat http://chppm-www.apgea.army.mil/

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e. All military construction, renovation and demolition projects shall include performance requirements for a 50 percent minimum diversion of construction and demolition (C&D) waste by weight, from landfill disposal. This policy applies to all construction, renovation, and demolition projects carried under the Military Construction (MILCON) Army, MILCON Army Reserves, MILCON National Guard Bureau, AFHC, Facilities Reduction, and installation Operations and Maintenance programs. Specifications will include submission of a contractor’s C&D Waste Manage-ment Plan, preferably prior to the start of site clearance.

f. The IMCOM will ensure the implementation of a QRP, where LCC effective. Installations having several recycling programs will incorporate them into a single garrison QRP. Activities operating under special funding categories, such as commissaries, post exchanges, and working capital or industrial funds, may have a separate recycling program or donate their recyclable materials to the installation QRP. A QRP is a program where the garrison commander has established—

(1) Procedures for segregating, collecting, and selling specific authorized materials intended to be recycled.

(2) Methods for maintaining fiscal accountability of funds received from the sale of recycled materials and the disbursal of these funds.

(3) A process to review all projects and activities funded from the proceeds of the sale of recycled materials.

g. The Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) has ultimate responsibility for the sale of recyclable materials generated from an appropriated fund source (DOD assets). With the approval of the IMCOM commander, an installation QRP may directly sell recyclable materials acquired with APF, if the direct sale is expected to be cost effective (see DODI 4715.4).

h. When the Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) sells materials for the installation, it uses DOD 4160.21–M to return funds to the installation. One hundred (100) percent of the proceeds from the sale of recyclable materials at an installation with a QRP will be credited to the installation F3875 Budget Clearing Account (Suspense).

Funds in the suspense account in excessive of $2,000,000 at the end of a fiscal year shall be deposited into the U.S.

Treasury.

i. The distribution of proceeds from a QRP will be in accordance with the Military Construction Codification Act (10 USC 2577). Proceeds will be used to reimburse the installation for costs incurred by the garrison in operating and maintaining the QRP. After reimbursement of these costs, garrison commanders may use up to 50 percent of the remaining sale proceeds for pollution abatement, energy conservation, occupational safety, and health. The cost of any project may not exceed 50 percent of the maximum amount for a minor construction project. Any remaining proceeds may be transferred to the installation Morale, Welfare, and Recreation Fund, a nonappropriated fund (see AR 215–1).

j. Composting is a means to divert large portions of the waste stream from landfills. Composting can provide materials suitable for soil conditioners, landscape mulch, backfill, resurface material for eroded areas, and landfill cover.

General guidance on composting is contained in EPA publication EPA/530–R–95–023, Decision-Makers Guide to Solid Waste Management, published August 1995 and can be viewed at: http://www.epa.gov/garbage/dmg2.htm. Information on composting of yard waste is contained in the EPA publication EPA/530–SW–89–038, Yard Waste Composting, published April 1989.

k. Environmental considerations of source reduction, re-use, and resource recovery/recycling shall be in accordance with AR 200–1. All recycling and composting facilities shall be designed and operated to comply with all applicable Federal, State, local, and Host Nation wastewater discharge, air emission, and occupational safety and health require-ments. Additional technical guidance is provided in the following Public works Technical bulletins (PWTB) 200–1–3, 200–01–4, 200–01–14, 200–1–15, 200–1–16, 200–1–17, 200–1–20, 200–1–22, 200–1–23, 200–1–24, 200–1–26, 200– 1–27, 420–49–12, 420–49–14, 420–49–18, 420–49–20, 420–49–30, and 420–49–32. Available at (http://www.

wbdg.org/ccb/browse_cat.php?o=31&c=215).

23–12. Solid waste collection and storage

a. Solid waste will be collected on a regular and systematic basis from designated pickup stations. Collection frequency will be established in accordance with TM 5–634. The collection frequency will be kept to the minimum required to maintain sanitary conditions while performing the required collection service at the lowest possible cost.

b. Special collection schedules and special handling procedures should be established for unique installation activi-ties (special events and parades), bulky waste, or waste that is different from what is normally collected and disposed.

Reimbursement from waste generators for the cost of collecting solid waste that requires special handling can be required.

c. Curbside or service-drive solid waste collection will be used unless another method provides a cost or environ-mental advantage to the Army. The use of other than curbside or service-drive collection will be supported by an economic analysis, which will be retained at the installation.

d. Unit relocation, building demolition, new construction, base closure and rehabilitation action, seasonal peak workloads, mission changes, and ISWM planning can affect the number of containers and collection schedules required to dispose of solid waste. In-house operations and solid waste collection and disposal contracts should be reviewed for cost savings at least once every five years or whenever significant quantities of solid waste collections are reduced.

This review will include field verification to ensure that these provided services use the minimum number of containers, collect at the minimum collection frequency, and charge the lowest possible cost.

e. Garbage, food waste, and refuse collection containers should be cleaned as often as necessary to prevent insect http://www.epa.gov/garbage/dmg2.htm http://www/

3 AR 420–1 • 12 February 2008 AR 420–1 • 12 February 2008 3 and rodent harborage and to maintain sanitary conditions. Individual users are responsible for washing residential-type garbage cans.

23–13. Thermal processing of solid (non-hazardous) waste

a. Construction of new thermal processing facilities on Army property is not recommended, except under an approved Enhanced Use Lease type of agreement.

b. The IMCOM will retain a permanent record of major considerations and design rationale leading to project authorization and construction and any later modifications.

c. Existing thermal processing facilities will be operated and maintained in compliance with all applicable Federal, State, and Host Nation wastewater discharge, air emission, and occupational safety and health requirements; and in accordance with design requirements until no longer cost-effective. The surrounding environment will be kept clean to prevent the spread of disease and the breeding of disease vectors. Only waste for which the facility has been specifically designed and permitted will be accepted. The facility operator is responsible for preparing an IMCOM approved standing operating procedure (SOP). This SOP is required reading for all plant personnel. It will be available at the facility as a reference and describe the following:

(1) The various tasks to be performed.

(2) Operating procedures.

(3) Safety precautions for various areas of the facility.

(4) Waste excluded from thermal processing.

(5) Environmental requirements.

23–14. Land disposal of non-hazardous solid waste

a. Army policy is to use off-site land disposal facilities rather than expanding existing or constructing new facilities on Army property. Such projects will not be programmed where a municipal or regional system is available until all alternatives to the construction of a new solid waste sanitary landfill or expansion of an existing one are fully explored.

This analysis will be submitted in the project documentation, including the LCC analysis comparing the proposed construction of an Army-owned and -operated landfill or expansion of an existing landfill with the municipal or regional system. Documentation will include waste reduction, recycling initiatives, and C&D diversion programs.

b. The EPA regulations (40 CFR Parts 257 and 258) and State and local land disposal criteria will be used in the design, operation, and closure of all non-hazardous solid waste land disposal sites (including sites for construction debris, ash, tree stumps and brush disposal). Details concerning the site selection, design, operation, monitoring, and maintenance of landfills are published in 40 CFR 258, the TI 800–01, and TM 5–634. Garrisons will retain a permanent record of major considerations and design rationale leading to project authorization and construction.

c. Controls will be established at on-site landfills to ensure that only waste specified in the permit and for which the facility has been specifically designed will be accepted. The surrounding environment will be kept clean to prevent the spread of disease and the breeding of disease vectors. Pesticide containers will be disposed of in accordance with AR 200–5.

d. Recovery of landfill gases for energy utilization purposes is encouraged when cost effective. Recovery of land fill material through mining in order to provide fuel for biomass-to-energy plants is also permitted. Facilities should be acquired through third party financing, such as Utility Partnerships.

e. Construction and demolition (C&D) debris must be managed at the project site where it is generated in accordance with current policy. C&D activities should be planned to divert a minimum of 50 percent from landfill disposal through reuse or recycling. C&D debris landfills may be located on Army installations where they are LCC effective.

C&D debris landfills will be operated in accordance with applicable Federal, State, local, and host nation regulations.

Processing of concrete and masonry materials into recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) should be used to save valuable landfill space and disposal expenses as well as provide a valuable asset to a variety of Public Works, Range Control, Environmental and other agencies on post. Special scheduling, funding and temporary storage provi- sions to support these operations may be required.

f. The installation master plan will be annotated to record the exact location and legal description (including monitoring plan and type of liners) of closed and open landfills. This information for Continental United States (CONUS) will be provided to the appropriate real property office (in CONUS, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers District) to update the installation real estate records.

23–15. Solid waste reporting

a. Installations are required to report all solid waste and recycling activity on an annual basis through the chain of command to HQDA, using the Solid Waste Annual Report system, Web-based (SWARWeb). Annual reports are due within 45 days after the end of the fiscal year. Managers of new construction, major renovation, facilities reduction or other demolition projects shall also report C&D waste activities to the designated installation Point of Contact for data entry to SWARWeb.

b. Annual evaluation of an installation or activity’s success, rated against the Department of Defense Pollution

Prevention and Compliance Metrics, will be on the overall performance (total tons of recycled or diverted waste divided by the total tons of waste generated multiplied by 100) attained throughout the reporting period, as determined from the data reported in SWARWeb located at https://AERO.apgea.army.mil.

c. The SWARWeb is accessible via the Army Environmental Reporting Online portal at https://aero.apgea.army.mil.

User ID requests from installations are subject to approval by IMCOM/HQDA.

23–16. Equipment and personnel safety

a. Integrated solid waste management activities will be conducted according to applicable safety standards. Recy-cling, composting, thermal processing facilities, and landfills will be designed, operated, and maintained so as to protect the health and safety of operating personnel.

b. Safety standards for solid waste operational personnel will be established in coordination with the garrison safety office. Operating procedures will be reviewed at least annually to ensure compliance with applicable safety standards.

c. The equipment used to compact, collect, and transport solid waste or materials separated for recycling will be operated and maintained to minimize health and safety hazards to SWM personnel and the public.

d. Solid waste collection containers and vehicles will be washed as necessary to remove putrescible waste residue to prevent nuisances and the propagating or attracting of flies, mosquitoes, and rodents.

23–17. Petroleum, oils, and lubricants

a. Used petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) will be managed in accordance with AR 200–1. Used oil management is governed by 40 CFR 279 or State regulations. Used POL will not be used as a dust suppressant.

b. The generator of used POL products is responsible for providing appropriate collection facilities, adequate used POL collection operations, and appropriate environmental safeguards when handling used POL products. Generators are responsible for ensuring that prohibited solvents are not mixed with waste oil or POL products. The installation Hazardous Waste Management Plan (HWMP) and the Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures Plan (SPCCP) in accordance with 40 CFR 112, describe generator responsibilities and operational procedures for POL storage sites.

c. Central facilities may be provided for recycling or treatment of used POL products through the Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office (DRMO) when enough used POL generators exist to make a central POL collection facility LCC effective. A study should be made to determine the most cost effective method of collecting and disposing used POL products. The segregation, collection, storage, recycling, and treatment of used POL products will be done in accordance with 40 CFR 279 and the SPCCP.

d. Recovery and recycling of used POL products will be maximized to protect the environment and conserve energy and natural resources. Closed-loop recycling, where used POL products are re-refined by a contractor and returned to the generator, is the preferred method of recycling. Used POL products may also be sold through a QRP where allowed by State law. Care will be taken to keep POL products of different sources and radically different properties separate to ensure homogeneous batches for turn-in. Handling, storage, and disposal practices will be environmentally safe and acceptable. Accidental discharges will be handled in accordance with 40 CFR 279 and the installation Spill Contin-gency Plan (SCP).

e. The use of used POL products in Army heating plants will be in accordance with 42 USC 6201 et. seq., 40 CFR 260 through 266, 268, 270, and 279 and AR 200–1.