Attachment 0009 - PWS 09 RFAAP Safety.pdf

DRAFT

RADFORD ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT

PERFORMANCE WORK STATEMENT (PWS)

PWS 9: SAFETY

Army 1. GENERAL:

1.1 This Safety PWS shall apply to all production/use of facilities by the operating contractor, regardless of the origin of the work.

1.2 The Contractor shall protect the lives and health of its employees, government employees, and the public from its operations. The Contractor shall ensure that the subcontractors and tenants meet the safety requirements required within this PWS.

The Contractor shall also protect government property.

1.3 The Contractor shall comply with DFARS 252.223-7002, Safety Precautions for Ammunition and Explosives; DFARS 252.223-7003, Change in Place of Performance - Ammunition and Explosives; and Department of Defense Manual (DoDM) 4145.26, DoD Contractor's Safety Manual for Ammunition and Explosives, 13 March 2008, Incorporating Change 1, Effective March 30, 2018, (except otherwise stated in this PWS). The Contractor shall also comply with Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) 52.223-3, Hazardous Material Identification and Material Safety Data; DFARS 252.223-7001, Hazard Warning Labels, when applicable; 32 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 655.10, Use of Radiation Sources by Non-Army Entities on Army Land; and FAR 52.223-7, Notice of Radioactive Materials. In addition, the Contractor shall comply with the following safety requirements.

1.3.1 The Contractor shall comply with applicable provisions of Federal, State, and Local ordinances, laws, and construction codes.

1.3.2 The Contractor shall respond to the Administrative Contracting Officer (ACO), in writing, regarding safety inspections of its operations performed by the Department of Defense (DOD), Department of the Army, U.S. Army Materiel Command, and U.S. Army Joint Munitions Command elements. (CDRL A09-001). The government reserves the right to inspect all ammunition, explosives, and support operations without advanced notice.

1.3.3 When required by Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board Technical Paper No. 26 (DDESB TP-26), “Guidance for Explosives Safety Site Plans,” dated 30 January 2014, the Contractor shall submit site plans that comply with DDESB TP-26. Use of Explosives Safety Siting (ESS) software is the required method of Quantity-Distance analysis. The Contractor shall submit site plans electronically (e.g., e-mail, Department of Defense (DoD) – Safe Access File Exchange, etc.) (CDRL A09-002). The Contractor shall obtain site plan approval from DDESB for all explosive operations before starting operations.

1.3.4. In accordance with DA Pam 385-64, the Contractor shall maintain an

Installation Ammunition and Explosives map with the requirements stated in the DDESB TP-26 applied to an installation map (CDRL A09-027).

1.3.5 The Contractor shall prepare, present and manage explosives storage license(s) and identify and track potential explosion sites that do not have a DDESB approved explosives site plan (e.g., arms rooms, air crew flight equipment buildings, magazine, etc.). (CDRL A09-003). In addition, the Contractor shall provide the RFAAP Government Safety Office with a written notification that the 12-month license review/validation process has been completed (CDRL A09-004). The Contractor shall notify the RFAAP Government Safety Office prior to any change in net explosives weight amounts outlined in the current license(s) (CDRL A09-005).

1.4 The Contractor shall notify the RFAAP Government Safety Office upon arrival of any local, state or Federal agency including, but not limited to, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Virginia Department of Health, and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), and provide to RFAAP Government Safety Office a copy of all reports issued by such agencies within 15 calendar days of receipt. The Contractor shall provide a copy of its response to the report to the RFAAP Government Safety Office within five calendar days of responding to the report generator. (CDRL A09-006).

1.5 The Contractor shall develop a decontamination plan and provide a copy to RFAAP Government Safety Office (CDRL A09-007). The plan shall apply the Defense Explosive Safety Regulation (DESR) 6055.09, Edition 1, Change 1, dated 23 February 2024, and DoD Instruction 4140.62, Material Potentially Presenting an Explosive Hazard (MPPEH), dated 20 August 2015, Incorporating Change 3, dated 9 September 2019, to buildings, equipment, and items of ammunition/components which are contaminated with explosives and upon which the Contractor wants to perform work or dispose. The plan shall address decontamination of items contaminated with hazardous materials other than explosives. The plan shall include the requirement for the Contractor to certify, in writing, as to the level of decontamination of each item and what restrictions that level places on the item and outline that personnel shall receive adequate training to meet DODI 4140.62 criteria.

1.6 The Contractor shall not construe the requirements of this PWS as making the Army the controlling employer (as defined by State and Federal OSHA) at RFAAP.

1.7 The Government has the right to conduct its own investigation of any accident occurring on the installation, not just those involving ammunition or explosives. The Contractor will cooperate with the Government investigation and requests for information.

2. SPECIFIC SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTRACTOR OPERATIONS:

2.1 Ionizing Radioactive Material or Ionizing Radiation Producing Equipment.

2.1.1 The Contractor shall comply with the requirements of Titles 10 and 32 CFR, and/or State requirements for radioactive items used on-site.

2.1.2 The Contractor shall obtain Procuring Contracting Officer (PCO) approval before bringing radioactive items onto the depot. The Contractor shall apply for Army Radiation Permits through the ACO in accordance with (IAW) 32 CFR

655.10 prior to bringing radioactive material or operating radiation producing devices on-post. The Contractor shall also apply through the ACO for changes to existing radiation permits and supporting permit documents, including NRC or State licenses and subsequent amendments to those licenses (CDRL A09-009).

2.1.3 If the Contractor possesses any radioactive material or radiation producing equipment on site, at a minimum the following standards will apply:

2.1.3.1 The Contractor shall appoint, in writing, trained individuals as Radiation Safety Officer (RSO) and another individual as alternate RSO to manage the radiation safety program. (CDRL A09-008).

2.1.3.2 The Contractor shall ensure the RSO and alternate RSO receive training topics as outlined in Chapter 16, AR 385-10, para 16-4, dated 24 July 2023. The training will meet the required hours called out in any NRC license in effect at RFAAP, whichever is more stringent. The Contractor shall identify the RSO training requirements (i.e., number of hours, frequency, topics) in its safety plan.

2.1.3.3

2.1.3.4 The Contractor shall provide the ACO and RFAAP Government Safety Office access to the Contractor’s annual radiation sources inventory (which includes radioactive material and radiation producing devices) and its annual radiation protection program review as required by 10 CFR 20.1101 (or applicable State regulation for agreement state licensees). Documents related to Radiation (Ionizing and Non-Ionizing) Safety Program compliance and execution will be made available to ACO and RFAAP Government Safety Office.

2.1.3.5 The Contractor shall report accidents, incidents, and thefts involving radioactive material to the ACO and RFAAP Government Safety Office IAW 10 CFR 20. The Contractor shall report accidents and incidents involving radiation-producing devices to the ACO and RFAAP Government Safety Office IAW State regulation. (CDRL A09-010).

2.3.1.6 The Contractor shall ensure personnel who work with or around radioactive material or radiation producing devices receive initial and periodic radiation safety training commensurate with their duties. The

Contractor shall address these training requirements in its safety plan. The Contractor shall provide the ACO and RFAAP Government Safety Office access to the Contractor’s annual radiation protection program review as required by 10 CFR 20.1101 or applicable State regulations.

2.3.1.7 The Contractor will support the RFAAP Government Safety Office when developing an Army Radiation Authorization, if applicable.

2.2 Non-Ionizing Radiation Equipment.

2.2.1 Lasers.

2.2.1.1 If the Contractor uses lasers, the Contractor shall implement the protection standards and controls for the safe use of lasers and laser systems as outlined in American National Standards Institute Z136.1- 2022.

2.2.1.2 The Contractor will appoint, in writing, a trained individual as Laser Safety Officer prior to operating class 3b or class 4 lasers. (CDRL A09- 011).

2.2.2 Electromagnetic Field Emitters.

2.2.2.1 The Contractor will appoint, in writing, a trained individual as Non- Ionizing Radiation Safety Officer (NRSO) IAW Chapter 17, AR 385-10, “The Army Safety and Occupational Health Program.” (CDRL A09-012)

2.2.2.2 The NRSO will comply with Chapter 17, AR 385-10, as it applies to the RFAAP non-ionizing safety program. This includes the posting of signage for Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO), as required.

2.3 Accident Reporting.

2.3.1 The Contractor shall provide notification within one hour to RFAAP Government Safety Office of accidents/mishaps in DoDM 4145.26, regardless of the involvement of ammunition or explosives, upon becoming aware of their occurrence (CDRL A09-013). The Contractor shall report all ammunition and explosive accidents, regardless of Government property damage or personnel injury level, and all other accidents involving Government property damage equal to or more than $5,000.

2.3.2 The Contractor shall provide to the RFAAP Government Safety Office a copy of their, and Army Retooling and manufacturing Support (ARMS) tenants, OSHA Form 300, Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses, showing data for the previous month (e.g., February form showing January data). (CDRL A09-

014).

2.3.3 The Contractor shall provide to the RFAAP Government Safety Office a copy of their, and ARMS tenants, OSHA Form 300A, Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses. (CDRL A09-015).

2.3.4 The Contractor’s performance for (1) Total Case Incident Rate (TCIR), (2) Lost Time (LT) case rate, and (3) Days Away Restricted or Transferred (DART) rate, shall be at or below the most current publication of the U.S. Department of Labor (Bureau of Labor Statistics) rates for their North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code. The Contractor shall report performance against their NAICS code quarterly to the ACO and RFAAP Government Safety Office. (CDRL A09-028)

2.4 RFAAP Government Staff Training: The Contractor shall provide comparable safety training to the RFAAP Government Staff as it does for its own staff. This requirement includes OSHA and other safety training as the mission may dictate.

When feasible, the RFAAP Government Staff can attend classes established for Contractor personnel. Examples of training include hearing conservation, Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response, Radiation Protection, Respiratory Protection, Hazardous Materials, asbestos, lead exposure, and emergency action plans. The Contractor is not obligated to develop training to satisfy training mandates applicable only to Government employees. The purpose of this requirements is to assist with integration of the Contractor and Commander’s or Commander’s Representative’s safety programs. The Government does not expect the Contractor to incur additional costs to execute this requirement.

2.5 The Contractor shall develop, track, and provide general safety awareness training to all installation visitors, Contractor personnel, and Government employees. (CDRL A09-016).

2.6 The Contractor shall prepare a written Emergency Action Plan. The plan shall comply with 29 CFR 1910.38, as well as any additional State and/or Local requirements if more stringent. (CDRL A09-017). The Contractor shall exercise the plan at least once per year. After each exercise, the Contractor shall provide RFAAP Government Safety Office a written after-action report with corrective actions identified. (CDRL A09-018).

2.7 The Contractor shall maintain lightning protection systems as detailed in Chapter 16, DA Pam 385-64, “Ammunition and Explosives Safety Standards,” dated 24 July 2023. Any replacement of existing lightning protection system components or construction of new lightning protection systems shall comply with the requirements in Chapter 16, DA PAM 385-64. Any personnel who test or inspects grounding, bonding, and/or lightning protection systems must complete AMMO-28, Army Electrical Explosives Safety, or NFPA 780, Lightning Protection Systems. A copy of the inspection reports shall be provided to the RFAAP Government Safety Office.

https://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/ https://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/

(CDRL A09-019).

2.8 The Contractor shall comply with the Memorandum, Office of Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy and Environment), 2 July 2014, subject:

Personnel Qualifications for Documenting Explosives Safety Status. The Contractor shall have the appropriate trained individuals to manage and process MPPEH, Material Documented as an Explosives Hazards (MDEH), and Material Documented as Safe (MDAS) at RFAAP. Certified individuals shall assess and make determinations on materials going to the burning ground. The Contractor shall maintain and submit a list of personnel authorized to document the explosives safety status of MPPEH IAW the Memorandum, Office of Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy and Environment), 2 July 2014, subject: Personnel Qualifications for Documenting Explosives Safety Status. (CDRL A09-020).

2.9. The Contractor shall comply with the Memorandum, Office of Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy and Environment), 4 January 2016, subject: Explosives Safety Management of U.S. Army Construction Projects. The Contractor shall submit a construction review package prior to any construction, regardless of location on site (CDRL A09-029). Approval from USATCES must be obtained prior to start of any construction.

2.10. Railroad Safety: The contractor shall comply with 49 CFR, Chapter II, Federal Railroad Administration standards and General Code of Operating Rules (GCOR) for all railroad operations.

3 SUBCONTRACTING/RENTING:

3.1 Before signing a contract or tenant use agreement for any purpose, the Contractor shall do the following:

3.1.1 Inform subcontractor or tenant of their obligation to comply with Federal, State, and Local safety and health laws and regulations. The Contractor shall flow down all applicable safety requirements contained in this PWS and ensure compliance.

3.1.2 Decontaminate facilities and equipment to the appropriate degree to ensure safe use.

3.1.3 Ensure buildings and equipment meet current OSHA and other standards before allowing subcontractor or tenant access.

3.1.4 Ensure subcontractor or tenant returns buildings, equipment, and land to their pre-rental level of contamination or better after the contract or tenant use agreement expires.

3.1.5 Ensure the location of the proposed operations will not encroach upon explosive operations.

3.1.6 In addition to the accident reporting requirements stated above in paragraph 2.3, the Contractor shall report to RFAAP Government Safety Office any accident involving its subcontractors or tenants that is likely to arouse media attention.

3.2 If the subcontract or tenant use agreement will result in making ammunition, explosives, pyrotechnics, or propellants on the installation, storing them on installation, or bringing them onto the installation for any purpose, the Contractor shall also:

3.2.1 Obtain siting approval per the requirements in paragraph 1.3.3 above.

3.2.2 Obtain PCO approval for deviations, waivers, and exemptions to the requirements of DODM 4145.26.

4 WRITTEN SAFETY PLAN: The Contractor shall develop, provide a copy to the RFAAP Government Safety Office (CDRL A09-021) and comply with a written Safety Program that meets the requirements below:

4.1 The contractor shall apply the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.119, Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, to all explosive, propellant, and pyrotechnic operations. The written safety plan shall describe in detail how the Contractor shall ensure operations by itself, subcontractors, and tenants and the facilities used, comply with OSHA requirements. The Contractor shall address each 29 CFR 1910 Subpart separately. The Contractor need only address those subparts that apply to its operations, or the facilities used by itself, subcontractors, and tenants.

4.1.1 In the plan, the Contractor shall separately address implementation of 29 CFR 1910.119, Process Safety Management. As a minimum, the plan shall address the following elements from Appendix C to 29 CFR 1910.119:

Employee Participation, Process Safety Information, Process Hazard Analysis, Operating Procedures, Training, Contractors, Pre-Startup Safety Review, Mechanical Integrity, Hot Work Permits, Management of Change, Incident Investigations, Emergency Planning and Response, Compliance Audits, and Trade Secrets. Documents related to PSM compliance and execution will be made available to PCO and RFAAP Government Safety Office. (CDRL A09-030).

4.2 The plan shall describe in detail how the Contractor will determine if its operations and the facilities it uses comply with DODM 4145.26.

4.2.1 The plan shall describe in detail how the Contractor will correct non-compliances with DODM 4145.26.

4.2.2 The plan shall describe in detail the interim protective measures the

Contractor will institute until it corrects non-compliances with DODM 4145.26.

4.3 The plan shall require the Contractor to document in writing all inspections, surveys, etc. performed to determine compliance with OSHA or DODM 4145.26.

4.4 The plan shall require the Contractor to enter all conditions found to be non-compliant with OSHA or DODM 4145.26 and all hazardous condition(s) (not attributable to non-compliance with OSHA or DODM 4145.26), regardless of time to correct (i.e. on-the-spot correction), into a searchable electronic database to permit tracking of the non- compliant condition or hazard until corrected or abated. The database shall include the date of discovery, description of condition / hazard, work order number (if applicable), and name(s) and contact information (such as work telephone number and e-mail address) of person(s) responsible for correction.

(CDRL A09-022).

4.5 The plan shall provide that in the event of an accident requiring direct notification to OSHA or State agency (fatality, inpatient hospitalization, amputations, or loss of an eye), the Contractor shall take immediate action to re-focus its workforce on matters of safety, such as a stand down or similar appropriate activity.

4.6 The plan shall describe in detail how the Contractor will comply with this PWS.

The plan may not decrease the requirements of this PWS.

5 INSPECTION AND REVIEW: The PCO and RFAAP Government Safety Office shall determine compliance primarily by visual inspection and review of records during performance of work.

6 DEVIATIONS, WAIVERS, AND EXEMPTIONS:

6.1 Deviations, Waivers, and Exemptions of Mandatory Safety Requirements. In accordance with DoDM 4145.26, as specified in DFARS 252.223-7002, mandatory safety requirements are those that use the term "shall", "must", or "will" as contained in this document. The Contractor shall not deviate from the mandatory safety requirements without prior written approval from the ACO and PCO. The Government grants waivers and exemptions for specific situations. The Contractor shall not interpret them to cover similar operations, locations, or conditions.

6.1.1 The Government may grant a deviation, waiver, and exemption only after it has been determined that the Contractor cannot comply with applicable safety standards, risks have been adequately assessed and control measures have been identified, and essential work shall still be performed. The Government normally grants waivers for one year or less, and no waiver shall remain in effect for longer than five years. The Contractor shall forward all requests for waiver or exemption to the RFAAP Government Safety Office no less than 30 business days prior to requested approval for a Negligible or Minor Risk, no less than 60 business days for a Moderate Risk, and no less than 90 business days for a

Serious or Critical Risk. (CDRL A09-024). Upon submission of a waiver or exemption, the Contractor senior management official will accept the risk by approving and signing the request for waiver or exemption. Prior to the acceptance of risk by the Contractor, the Contractor shall coordinate the waiver or exemption through the PCO, ACO and RFAAP Government Safety Office for review and/or comments.

6.1.2 When the time to correct the waiver will exceed five years, the Contractor shall forward a request for an exemption to RFAAP Government Safety Office.

6.1.3 The Contractor shall review waivers (granted for a period of more than one year) and exemptions annually to ensure that the circumstances requiring the waiver or exemption have not changed. The Contractor shall forward the results of this review and a progress report, regarding corrective actions that the Contractor has completed to the RFAAP Government Safety Office, ACO, and PCO. (CDRL A09 - 025). The Government will not grant waivers or exemptions without evidence that the Contractor has taken positive steps to program and budget for correction of the noncompliance.

6.1.4 The ACO or PCO will rescind waivers and exemptions on the stated expiration date unless the Contractor sends a request for renewal to the RFAAP Government Safety Office at least 120 days before the expiration date. The ACO or PCO will cancel approved waivers or exemptions that are no longer necessary, prior to the stated expiration date when notified by the Contractor.

The Contractor shall maintain a current list of open waivers and exemptions and submit a monthly report on waivers and exemptions to the RFAAP Government Safety Office. (CDRL A09 - 026).

6.1.5 The ACO or PCO may temporarily suspend a waiver or exemption when an accident involving the waived or exempted condition or facility occurs until investigation and analysis justify reinstatement.

7. DISCLAIMER: All references regarding Government/Installation Commander duties and authorities or responsibilities in any of the documents, regulations, pamphlets, and manuals are specifically excluded from this PWS.

8. RFAAP SITE SPECIFIC:

8.1. Government Safety Staff shall be given unrestricted read only access to review the Operating Contractor/subcontractor databases, archived records, the information repository of all data related to past and present RFAAP / NRU Operations related to PWS 1 thru 18. Information includes, and is not limited to, blueprints, drawings, operating procedures, maintenance procedures, management manuals, reports, letter log/correspondence files, and plant protection standards.

The Contractor shall make hard copies and/or electronic copies available upon request.

8.2. Hot work permits shall be approved and issued by the Contractor Safety Office. The Fire Department will be advised at the time hot work permits are issued.

All personnel issuing hot work permits will be qualified.

9. KPI TRACKING:

9.1 In addition to any KPIs specified in this PWS, the Contractor shall identify a minimum of three (3) KPIs that measure performance, effectiveness, timeliness, and/or efficiency of Safety efforts at RFAAP. These additional KPIs shall be included in a PWS 9 KPI report (INSERT CDRL). The initial submission shall be submitted to the Government for approval 30 calendar days after transitioning as the Operating Contractor and monthly thereafter.

9.2 The Contractor shall define the calculation method for each KPI and any sub- KPIs in the first submission of the PWS 9 KPI report ACA for Government approval.

9.3 The PWS 9 KPI Report shall provide targets for improvement for each KPI, with justification as to why the target was determined. Targets may be based on industry standards or baseline data acquired in the first quarter of performance tracking. Targets may be adjusted on an annual basis or sooner, if necessary, with Government approval.

9.4 When KPIs are trending negative or consistently below target (for at least three consecutive months), the Contractor shall provide a plan or strategy adjustment to work back towards the target. The plan and/or strategy shall include details on actions to be performed, timeline for improvement and personnel responsible to achieve the target.

9.5 While the government reserves the right to assess contractor compliance with specific requirements of this PWS, the primary measure of the contractor’s success in performing the PWS will be determined by KPI goal attainment.

DOCUMENT SUMMARY LIST

The contractor shall work with the RFAAP ACO to identify any changes to the references or any applicable regulations or laws, which may affect process, cost, and/or schedule. The ACO will review and provide implementation guidance.

Doc. Document

No. (Contract Ref.)

DFARS 252.223-7002, Safety Precautions for Ammunition and Explosives, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol3/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol3-sec252-223-7002.pdf

DFARS 252.223-7003, Change in Place of Performance - Ammunition and Explosives, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol3/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol3-sec252-223-7002.pdf

DoD Manual 4145.26, DOD Contractor's Safety Manual for Ammunition and Explosives, 13 March 2008, Incorporating Change 1, Effective March 30, 2018, https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodm/414526m.pdf?ver= 2018-12-03-081135

FAR 52.223-3, Hazardous Material Identification and Material Safety Data, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol2/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol2-sec52-223-3.pdf

DFARS 252.223-7001, Hazard Warning Labels, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol3/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol3-sec252-223-7002.pdf

32 CFR 655.10, https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CFR-2002-title32-vol4/CFR-2002-title32-vol4- sec655-10

FAR 52.223-7, Notice of Radioactive Materials, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2000-title48-vol2/pdf/CFR-2000-title48-vol2-sec52-223-7.pdf

Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board Technical Paper No. 26 (DDESB TP- 26), “Guidance for Explosives Safety Site Plans,” dated 30 January 201, https://www.denix.osd.mil/ddes/denix-files/sites/32/2017/06/TP-26-140130-Site-Plans.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol3/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol3-sec252-223-7002.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol3/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol3-sec252-223-7002.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol3/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol3-sec252-223-7002.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol3/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol3-sec252-223-7002.pdf https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodm/414526m.pdf?ver=2018-12-03-081135 https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodm/414526m.pdf?ver=2018-12-03-081135 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol2/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol2-sec52-223-3.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol2/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol2-sec52-223-3.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol3/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol3-https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2011-title48-vol3/pdf/CFR-2011-title48-vol3-sec252-223-7002.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CFR-2002-title32-vol4/CFR-2002-title32-vol4-sec655-10 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CFR-2002-title32-vol4/CFR-2002-title32-vol4-sec655-10 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CFR-2002-title32-vol4/CFR-2002-title32-vol4-sec655-10 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2000-title48-vol2/pdf/CFR-2000-title48-vol2-sec52-223-7.pdf https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2000-title48-vol2/pdf/CFR-2000-title48-vol2-sec52-223-7.pdf

DA PAM 385-64, “Ammunition and Explosives Safety Standards,” dated 24 July 2023 https://armypubs.army.mil/ProductMaps/PubForm/Details.aspx?PUB_ID=74126

Defense Explosive Safety Regulation (DESR) 6055.09, Edition 1, Change 1, dated 23 February 2024, https://www.denix.osd.mil/ddes/denix-files/sites/32/2024/03/DESR- 6055.09-Edition1-Change-1-240227-Final.pdf

DoD Instruction 4140.62, Material Potentially Presenting and Explosive Hazard (MPPEH), dated 20 August 2024, Incorporating Change 3, dated 9 September 2019, https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodi/414062p.pdf?ver=201 8-10-23-091737-977

32 CFR 655.10, sec655-10

10 CFR, https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/cfr/

ANSI Z136.1-2022, “Laser Safety,” https://webstore.ansi.org/standards/lia/ansiz1362022

AR 385-10, The Army Safety and Occupational Health Program, dated 24 July 2023, https://armypubs.army.mil/ProductMaps/PubForm/Details.aspx?PUB_ID=1024611

Bureau of Labor Statistics rates, https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshsum.htm

Memorandum, Office of Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy and Environment), 2 July 2014, subject: Personnel Qualifications for Documenting Explosives Safety Status, No web address – copy provided

Memorandum, Office of Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy and Environment), 4 January 2016, subject: Explosives Safety Management of U.S. Army Construction Projects, No web address – copy provided

29 CFR, https://www.dol.gov/general/cfr/title_29

49 CFR, https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49

NFPA 780, https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/nfpa-780-standard-development/780 https://armypubs.army.mil/ProductMaps/PubForm/Details.aspx?PUB_ID=74126 https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodi/414062p.pdf?ver=20 https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodi/414062p.pdf?ver=2018-10-23-091737-977 https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodi/414062p.pdf?ver=2018-10-23-091737-977 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CFR-2002-title32-vol4/CFR-2002-title32-vol4-sec655-10 https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/cfr/ https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshsum.htm https://www.dol.gov/general/cfr/title_29