Section 09 30 13 Ceramic-Porcelain Tiling.pdf

INSTALL AUTO OPERATORS

FOR SHOWERS & FAUCETS

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SECTION 09 30 13

CERAMIC/PORCELAIN TILING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 DESCRIPTION:

A. This section specifies interior ceramic, porcelain and quarry tile, marble thresholds and window stools, terrazzo divider strips, waterproofing membranes for thin-set applications, crack isolation membranes, and tile backer board.

1.2 RELATED WORK:

A. Preformed expansion joints in tile flooring: Section 07 95 13, EXPANSION JOINT COVER ASSEMBLIES.

B. Sealing of Joints: Section 07 92 00, JOINT SEALANTS.

C. Color, Texture, Pattern, and Size of Field Tile and Trim Shapes, and

Color of Grout Specified: Section 09 06 00, SCHEDULE FOR FINISHES.

D. Metal and Gypsum Lathing and Gypsum Plaster: Section 09 23 00, GYPSUM

PLASTERING.

E. Lathing and Portland Cement Based Plaster: Section 09 24 00, PORTLAND

CEMENT PLASTERING.

F. Metal and Resilient Edge Strips at Joints with New Resilient Flooring, and Carpeting: Section 09 65 19, RESILIENT TILE FLOORING and Section 09

68 00, CARPETING.

1.3 SUBMITTALS:

A. Submit in accordance with Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT

DATA, AND SAMPLES.

B. Samples:

1. Base tile, each type, each color, each size.

2. Wall (or wainscot) tile, each color, size and pattern.

D. Product Data:

1. Ceramic and porcelain tile, marked to show each type, size, and shape required.

2. Chemical resistant mortar and grout (epoxy and furan).

E. Certification:

1. Master grade certificate, ANSI A137.1.

2. Manufacturer's certificates indicating that the following materials comply with specification requirements:

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a. Chemical resistant mortar and grout (epoxy and furan).

b. Modified epoxy emulsion.

F. Installer Qualifications:

1. Submit letter stating installer’s experience.

1.4 DELIVERY AND STORAGE:

A. Deliver materials in containers with labels legible and intact and grade-seals unbroken.

B. Store material to prevent damage or contamination.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE:

A. Installers to be from a company specializing in performing installation of products specified and have a minimum of three (3) years’ experience.

B. Each type and color of tile to be provided from a single source.

C. Each type and color of mortar, adhesive, and grout to be provided from the same source.

1.6 WARRANTY:

A. Construction Warranty: Comply with FAR clause 52.246-21, “Warranty of

Construction”.

1.7 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS:

A. Publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. Publications are referenced in text by basic designation only.

B. American National Standards Institute (ANSI):

A10.20-06(R2011)........Safe Operating Practices for Tile, Terrazzo and

Marble WorkA108/A118/A136-14 Installation of

Ceramic Tile

A108.01-13..............Subsurfaces and Preparations by Other Trades

A108.02-13..............Materials, Environmental, and Workmanship

A108.1A-14..............Installation of Ceramic Tile in the Wet-Set

Method with Portland Cement Mortar

A108.1B-10..............Installation of Ceramic Tile on a Cured

Portland Cement Mortar Setting Bed with Dry-Set or Latex-Portland Cement Mortar

A108.1C-10..............Contractors Option; Installation of Ceramic

Tile in the Wet-Set method with Portland Cement

Mortar or Installation of Ceramic Tile on a

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Cured Portland Cement Mortar Setting Bed with

Dry-Set or Latex-Portland Cement Mortar

A108.4-09...............Ceramic Tile with Organic Adhesives or Water

Cleanable Tile-Setting Epoxy Adhesive

A108.6-10...............Ceramic Tile with Chemical Resistant, Water

Cleanable Tile-Setting and -Grouting Epoxy

A108.8-10...............Ceramic Tile with Chemical Resistant Furan

Resin Mortar and Grout

A108.10-10..............Grout in Tilework

A108.13-10..............Load Bearing, Bonded, Waterproof Membranes for

Thin-Set Ceramic Tile and Dimension Stone

A118.1-12...............Dry-Set Portland Cement Mortar

A118.3-13...............Chemical Resistant, Water Cleanable Tile-

Setting and –Grouting Epoxy and Water Cleanable

Tile-Setting Epoxy Adhesive

A118.4-12...............Latex-Portland Cement Mortar

A118.5-10...............Chemical Resistant Furan Mortars and Grouts

A118.6-10...............Cement Grouts for Tile Installation

A118.7-10...............High Performance Cement Grouts for Tile

Installation

A118.9-10...............Cementitious Backer Units

A118.10-14..............Load Bearing, Bonded, Waterproof Membranes for

Thin-Set Ceramic Tile and Dimension Stone

Installation

A136.1-13...............Organic Adhesives for Installation of Ceramic

Tile

A137.1-12...............American National Standard Specifications for

Ceramic Tile

C. ASTM International (ASTM):

A666-10.................Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless

Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate and Flat Bar

A1064/A1064M-14.........Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire

Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete

C109/C109M-13...........Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2 inch. or

[50-mm] Cube Specimens)

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C241/C241M-13...........Abrasion Resistance of Stone Subjected to Foot

Traffic

C348-14.................Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of

Hydraulic-Cement Mortars

C627-10.................Evaluating Ceramic Floor Tile Installation

Systems Using the Robinson-Type Floor Tester

C954-11.................Steel Drill Screws for the Application of

Gypsum Board on Metal Plaster Base to Steel

Studs from 0.033 in (0.84 mm) to 0.112 in (2.84

mm) in thickness

C979/C979M-10...........Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete

C1002-14................Steel Self-Piercing Tapping Screws for the

Application of Panel Products

C1027-09................Test Method for Determining Visible Abrasion

Resistance of Glazed Ceramic Tile

C1127-01(R2009).........Standard Guide for Use of High Solids Content, Cold Liquid-Applied Elastomeric Waterproofing

Membrane with an Integral Wearing Surface

C1178/C1178M-13.........Standard Specification for Coated Glass Mat

Water-Resistant Gypsum Backing Panel

C1325-14................Non-Asbestos Fiber-Mat Reinforced Cementitious

Backer Units

C1353/C1353M-09(R2013)..Abrasion Resistance of Dimension Stone

Subjected to Foot Traffic Using a Rotary

Platform, Double-Head Abraser

D1204-14................Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of

Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at

Elevated Temperature

D2240-05(R2010).........Test Method for Rubber Property – Durometer

Hardness

D2497-07(R2012).........Tolerances for Manufactured Organic-Base

Filament Single Yarns

D3045-92(R2010).........Heat Aging of Plastics Without Load

D4397-10................Standard Specification for Polyethylene

Sheeting for Construction, Industrial and

Agricultural Applications

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D5109-12................Standard Test Methods for Copper-Clad

Thermosetting Laminates for Printed Wiring

Boards

D. Code of Federal Regulation (CFR):

40 CFR 59...............Determination of Volatile Matter Content, Water

Content, Density Volume Solids, and Weight

Solids of Surface Coating

E. Marble Institute of America (MIA): Design Manual III-2007

F. Tile Council of North America, Inc. (TCNA):

Handbook for Ceramic Tile Installation (2014)

DCOF AcuTest-2012.......Dynamic Coefficient of Friction Test

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 TILE:

A. Comply with ANSI A137.1, Standard Grade, except as modified:

1. Inspection procedures listed under the Appendix of ANSI A137.1.

2. Abrasion Resistance Classification:

a. Tested in accordance with values listed in Table 1, ASTM C1027.

b. Class V, 12000 revolutions for floors in Corridors, Kitchens, Storage including Refrigerated Rooms

c. Class IV, 6000 revolutions for remaining areas.

3. Slip Resistant Tile for Floors:

a. Coefficient of friction, when tested in accordance with

ANSI A137.1 and measured per the TCNA DCOF AcuTest.

1) Equal to or greater than .42 for level interior tile floors that will be walked on when wet.

b. Tile Having Abrasive Grains:

1) Unglazed Ceramic Mosaic Tile: Abrasive grains throughout body of the tile.

2) Quarry Tile: Abrasive grains uniformly embedded in face at rate of approximately 7.5 percent of surface area.

c. Porcelain Paver Tile: Matte surface finish

4. Mosaic tile may be mounted or joined together by a resinous bonding material along tile edges.

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5. Back mounted tiles in showers. Provide certification that the factory mounted tile has been used successfully in service at three

(3) projects and is suitable for wet locations.

6. Factory Blending: For tile with color variations, within the ranges selected during sample submittals blend tile in the factory and package so tile units taken from one (1) package show the same range in colors as those taken from other packages and match approved samples.

7. Factory-Applied Temporary Protective Coating:

a. Protect exposed face surfaces (top surface) of tile against adherence of mortar and grout by pre-coating with a continuous film of hot applied petroleum paraffin wax.

b. Do not coat unexposed tile surfaces.

c. Pre-wax tiles set or grouted with furan or epoxy.

B. Unglazed Ceramic Mosaic Tile: Nominal 6 mm (1/4 inch) thick with cushion edges.

C. Unglazed Quarry Tile: Nominal 13 mm (1/2 inch) thick, square edges.

D. Glazed Wall Tile: Cushion edges, glazing.

E. Porcelain Paver Tile: Nominal 8 mm (5/16 inch) thick, with cushion edges. Porcelain tile produced by the dust pressed method are to be made of approximately 50% feldspar; the remaining 50% is to be made up of various high-quality light firing ball clays yielding a tile with a water absorption rate of 0.5% or less and a breaking strength of between 176 to 181 kg (390 to 400 lbs.).

2.2 GROUTING MATERIALS:

A. Coloring Pigments:

1. Pure mineral pigments, lime proof and nonfading, complying with

ASTM C979/C979M.

2. Coloring pigments may only be added to grout by the manufacturer.

3. Job colored grout is not acceptable.

4. Use is required in Commercial Portland Cement Grout, Dry-Set Grout, and Latex-Portland Cement Grout.

B. Sand-Portland Cement Grout: ANSI A108.10, consisting of white or gray cement and white or colored aggregate as required to produce color indicated. Zero VOC content.

C. Standard Cement Grout: ANSI A118.6.

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D. High Performance Tile Grout: ANSI A118.7

1. Polymer Type: Ethylene vinyl acetate or acrylic additive, in dry, redispersible form, prepackaged with other dry ingredients.

E. Water-Cleanable Epoxy Grout: ANSI A118.3, with a VOC content of 65 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59 (EPA Method 24).

1. Provide product capable of withstanding continuous and intermittent exposure to temperatures of up to 60 and 100 degrees C (140- and

212-degrees F), respectively, and certified by manufacturer for intended use.

2.7 PATCHING AND LEVELING COMPOUND:

A. Portland cement base, polymer-modified, self-leveling compound, manufactured specifically for resurfacing and leveling concrete floors.

Products containing gypsum are not acceptable.

B. Provide a patching and leveling compound with the following minimum physical properties:

1. Compressive strength - 25 MPa (3500 psig) per ASTM C109/C109M.

2. Flexural strength - 7 MPa (1000 psig) per ASTM C348 (28 day value).

3. Tensile strength – 4.1 MPa (600 psi) per ANSI 118.7.

4. Density – 1.9.

C. Capable of being applied in layers up to 38 mm (1-1/2 inches) thick without fillers and up to 101 mm (4 inches) thick with fillers, being brought to a feather edge, and being trowelled to a smooth finish.

D. Primers, fillers, and reinforcement as required by manufacturer for application and substrate condition.

E. Ready for use in 48 hours after application.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS:

A. Maintain ambient temperature of work areas at not less than

16 degrees C (60 degrees F), without interruption, for not less than 24 hours before installation and not less than three (3) days after installation.

B. Maintain higher temperatures for a longer period of time where required by manufacturer's recommendation and ANSI Specifications for installation.

C. Do not install tile when the temperature is above 38 degrees C

(100 degrees F).

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D. Do not install materials when the temperature of the substrate is below

16 degrees C (60 degrees F).

E. Do not allow temperature to fall below 10 degrees C (50 degrees F) after third day of completion of tile work.

3.2 ALLOWABLE TOLERANCE:

A. Variation in plane of sub-floor, including concrete fills leveling compounds and mortar beds:

1. Not more than 6 mm in 3048 mm (1/4 inch in 10 feet) from required elevation where portland cement mortar setting bed is used.

2. Not more than 3 mm in 3048 mm (1/8 inch in 10 feet) where dry-set portland cement, and latex-portland cement mortar setting beds and chemical-resistant bond coats are used.

B. Variation in Plane of Wall Surfaces:

1. Not more than 6 mm in 2438 mm (1/4 inch in 8 feet) from required plane where portland cement mortar setting bed is used.

2. Not more than 3 mm in 2438 mm (1/8 inch in 8 feet) where dry-set or latex-portland cement mortar or organic adhesive setting materials is used.

3.3 SURFACE PREPARATION:

A. Patching and Leveling:

1. Mix and apply patching and leveling compound in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

2. Fill holes and cracks and align concrete floors that are out of required plane with patching and leveling compound.

a. Thickness of compound as required to bring finish tile system to elevation shown on construction documents.

b. Float finish.

c. At substrate expansion, isolation, and other moving joints, allow joint of same width to continue through underlayment.

3. Apply patching and leveling compound to concrete and masonry wall surfaces that are out of required plane.

4. Apply leveling coats of material compatible with wall surface and tile setting material to wall surfaces, other than concrete and masonry that are out of required plane.

B. Walls:

1. In showers or other wet areas cover studs with polyethylene sheet.

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2. Apply patching and leveling compound to concrete and masonry surfaces that are out of required plane.

3. Apply leveling coats of material compatible with wall surface and tile setting material to wall surfaces, other than concrete and masonry that are out of required plane.

4. Apply metal lath to framing in accordance with ANSI A108.1:

a. Use fasteners specified in paragraph "Fasteners." Use washers when lath opening is larger than screw head.

b. Apply scratch and leveling coats to metal lath in accordance with

ANSI A108.1C.

c. Total thickness of scratch and leveling coats:

1) Apply 9 mm to 16 mm (3/8 inch to 5/8 inch) thick over solid backing.

2) 16 mm to 19 mm (5/8 to 3/4 inch) thick on metal lath over studs.

3) Where wainscots are required to finish flush with wall surface above, adjust thickness required for flush finish.

d. Apply scratch and leveling coats more than 19 mm (3/4 inch) thick in two (2) coats.

C. Existing Floors and Walls:

1. Remove existing composition floor finishes and adhesive. Prepare surface by grinding, chipping, self-contained power blast cleaning or other suitable mechanical methods to completely expose uncontaminated concrete or masonry surfaces. Follow safety requirements of ANSI A10.20.

2. Remove existing concrete fill or topping to structural slab. Clean and level the substrate for new setting bed and waterproof membrane or cleavage membrane.

3. Where new tile bases are required to finish flush with plaster above or where they are extensions of similar bases in conjunction with existing floor tiles, cut channel in floor slab and expose rough wall construction sufficiently to accommodate new tile base and setting material.

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3.4 CERAMIC TILE – GENERAL:

A. Comply with ANSI A108/A118/A136 series of tile installation standards applicable to methods of installation and TCNA Installation Guidelines.

B. Installing Mortar Beds for Floors:

1. Install mortar bed in a manner that does not damage cleavage or waterproof membrane; 32 mm (1-1/2 inch) minimum thickness.

2. Install floor mortar bed reinforcing centered in mortar fill.

3. Screed finish to level plane or slope to drains shown on construction documents, float finish.

4. For thin set systems cure mortar bed not less than seven (7) days.

Do not use curing compounds or coatings.

5. For tile set with portland cement paste over plastic mortar bed coordinate to set tile before mortar bed sets.

C. Workmanship:

1. Lay out tile work so that no tile less than one-half full size is used. Make all cuts on the outer edge of the field. Align new tile work scheduled for existing spaces to the existing tile work unless specified otherwise.

2. Set tile firmly in place with finish surfaces in true planes. Align tile flush with adjacent tile unless shown otherwise on construction documents.

3. Form intersections and returns accurately.

4. Cut and drill tile neatly without marring surface.

5. Cut edges of tile abutting penetrations, finish, or built-in items:

a. Fit tile closely around electrical outlets, piping, fixtures and fittings, so that plates, escutcheons, collars and flanges will overlap cut edge of tile.

b. Seal tile joints water tight as specified in Section 07 92 00, JOINT SEALANTS, around electrical outlets, piping fixtures and fittings before cover plates and escutcheons are set in place.

6. Completed work is to be free from hollow sounding areas and loose, cracked or defective tile.

7. Remove and reset tiles that are out of plane or misaligned.

8. Floors:

a. Extend floor tile beneath casework and equipment, except those units mounted in wall recesses.

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b. Align finish surface of new tile work flush with other and existing adjoining floor finish where indicated in construction documents.

c. In areas where floor drains occur, slope tile to drains.

d. Push and vibrate tiles over 203 mm (8 inches) square to achieve full support of bond coat.

9. Walls:

a. Cover walls and partitions, including pilasters, furred areas, and freestanding columns from floor to ceiling, or from floor to nominal wainscot heights as indicated in construction documents with tile.

b. Finish reveals of openings with tile, except where other finish materials are indicated in construction documents.

c. Finish wall surfaces behind and at sides of casework and equipment, except those units mounted in wall recesses, with same tile as scheduled for room proper.

10. Joints:

a. Keep all joints in line, straight, level, perpendicular and of even width unless shown otherwise on construction documents.

b. Make joints 2 mm (1/16 inch) wide for glazed wall tile and mosaic tile work.

c. Make joints in quarry tile work not less than 6 mm (1/4 inch) nor more than 9 mm (3/8 inch) wide. Finish joints flush with surface of tile.

d. Make joints in paver tile, porcelain type; maximum 3 mm

(1/8 inch) wide.

11. Back Buttering: For installations indicated below, obtain 100 percent mortar coverage by complying with applicable special requirements for back buttering of tile in referenced

ANSI A108/A118/A136 series of tile installation standards:

a. Tile wall installations in wet areas, including showers, tub enclosures, laundries and swimming pools.

b. Tile installed with chemical-resistant mortars and grouts.

c. Tile wall installations composed of tiles 203 by 203 mm

(8 by 8 inches) or larger.

d. Exterior tile wall installations.

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3.5 GROUTING:

A. Grout Type and Location:

1. Grout for glazed wall and base tile, paver tile and unglazed mosaic tile portland cement grout, latex-portland cement grout, dry-set grout, or commercial portland cement grout.

B. Workmanship:

1. Install and cure grout in accordance with the applicable standard.

2. Sand Portland Cement Grout: ANSI A108.10.

3. Standard Cement Grout: ANSI A118.6.

4. High Performance Grout: ANSI A118.7.

5. Epoxy Grout: ANSI A108.6.

6. Water-Cleanable Epoxy Grout: ANSI A118.3.

7. Furan and Commercial Portland Cement Grout: ANSI A118.5 and in accordance with the manufacturer's printed instructions.

3.6 CLEANING:

A. Thoroughly sponge and wash tile. Polish glazed surfaces with clean dry cloths.

B. Methods and materials used are not permitted to damage or impair appearance of tile surfaces.

C. The use of acid or acid cleaners on glazed tile surfaces is prohibited.

D. Clean tile grouted with epoxy, furan and commercial portland cement grout and tile set in elastomeric bond coat as recommended by the manufacturer of the grout and bond coat.

3.7 PROTECTION:

A. Keep traffic off tile floor, until grout and setting material is fully set and cured.

B. Where traffic occurs over tile floor is unavoidable, cover tile floor with not less than 9 mm (3/8 inch) thick plywood, wood particle board, or hardboard securely taped in place. Do not remove protective cover until time for final inspection. Clean tile of any tape, adhesive and stains.

3.8 TESTING FINISH FLOOR:

A. Test floors in accordance with ASTM C627 to show compliance with codes

1 through 10.

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