JEGS.pdf

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

JAPAN ENVIRONMENTAL

GOVERNING STANDARDS

November 2010

ISSUED BY

HEADQUARTERS, U.S. FORCES JAPAN

November 2010 Japan Environmental Governing Standards

Executive Summary i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

On 7 July 1992, the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Environmental Security appointed COMUSJAPAN as the Executive Agent for environmental matters in Japan. An Executive Agent‘s responsibility is to develop and maintain the Final Governing Standards (FGS) for their Area of Responsibility.

The FGS for Japan are known as the Japan Environmental Governing Standards (JEGS). The JEGS were developed in accordance with DoD Instruction 4715.5 (“Management of Environmental Compliance at Overseas Installations”), the Status of Forces Agreement, and other applicable international agreements. The JEGS are based upon the format and standards of DoD Instruction 4715.05-G, “Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document” (OEBGD).

Service Components will need to develop instructions for their own management practices.

The completion of the JEGS was the result of teamwork by USFJ service components, installations, and other pertinent organizations within USFJ’s area of responsibility. The JEGS is the primary source for environmental guidance and standards for US Forces in Japan.

The 2010 JEGS is an update of the 2008 JEGS which were published in September of the same year. The changes were made based on applicable Japanese Criteria that was generally enforced and that provided greater protection to the environment than described in the OEBGD.

The JEGS does not address environmental contamination or abatement standards, as these issues are fully covered under DoD Instruction 4715.8 (“Environmental Remediation for DoD Activities Overseas”) and USFJ Instruction 32-7002 (“Environmental Executive Agent Remediation Policy”).

Japan Environmental Governing Standards November 2010 ii Executive Summary

LIST OF UPDATES/REVALIDATIONS

CHANGE NUMBER DATE POSTED BY

First Issue 31-Jan-95 Sunny Sea

Second Issue 31-May-96 Sunny Sea

Third Issue 31-Jan-97 Sunny Sea

Fourth Issue 31-Oct-01 Robert Starks

Version 1.1 14-Jun-02 Martin Westman

Fifth Issue 26-Jul-04 Justin Lancaster

Sixth Issue 7-Sep-06 Justin Lancaster

Seventh Issue Sep-08 Hector Jamilli

Eighth Issue 30-Nov-10 Joseph Cook

Table of Contents iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... i

Table of Contents........................................................................................................................... iii

C1. Chapter 1 - Overview

C1.1. Purpose

C1.2. Applicability

C1.3. Exemptions

C1.4. Definitions

C1.5. Additional Information

C1.6. Permits and Licenses

C1.7. Environmental Executive Agent

C2. Chapter 2 – Air Emissions

C2.1. Scope

C2.2. Definitions

C2.3. Criteria

C3. Chapter 3 – Drinking Water

C3.1. Scope

C3.2. Definitions

C3.3. Criteria

C4. Chapter 4 - Wastewater

C4.1. Scope

C4.2. Definitions

C4.3. Criteria

C5. Chapter 5 - Hazardous Material

C5.1. Scope

C5.2. Definitions

C5.3. Criteria

C6. Chapter 6 – Hazardous Waste

C6.1. Scope

C6.2. Definitions

C6.3. Criteria iv Table of Contents

C7. Chapter 7 – Solid Waste

C7.1. Scope

C7.2. Definitions

C7.3. Criteria

C8. Chapter 8 - Medical Waste Management

C8.1. Scope

C8.2. Definitions

C8.3. Criteria

C9. Chapter 9 - Petroleum, Oil, And Lubricants

C9.1. Scope

C9.2. Definitions

C9.3. Criteria

C10. Chapter 10 - Reserved

C11. Chapter 11 - Pesticides

C11.1. Scope

C11.2. Definitions

C11.3. Criteria

C12. Chapter 12 - Historic And Cultural Resources

C12.1. Scope

C12.2. Definitions

C12.3. Criteria

C13. Chapter 13 - Natural Resources And Endangered Species

C13.1. Scope

C13.2. Definitions

C13.3. Criteria

C14. Chapter 14 - Polychlorinated Biphenyls

C14.1. Scope

C14.2. Definitions

C14.3. Criteria

C15. Chapter 15 - Asbestos

C15.1. Scope

C15.2. Definitions

C15.3. Criteria

C16. Chapter 16 - Reserved

Table of Contents v

C17. Chapter 17 - Lead-Based Paint

C17.1. Scope

C17.2. Definitions

C17.3. Criteria

C18. Chapter 18 - Spill Prevention And Response Planning

C18.1. Scope

C18.2. Definitions

C18.3. Criteria

C19. Chapter 19 - Underground Storage Tanks

C19.1. Scope

C19.2. Definitions

C19.3. Criteria

AP1. Appendix 1

AP1.1. Characteristics of Hazardous Waste

AP1.2. Lists of Hazardous Wastes

AP2. Appendix 2 - Determination Of Worst Case Discharge Planning Volume

Chapter 1, Overview 1

C1. CHAPTER 1

OVERVIEW

C1.1. PURPOSE

C1.1.1. The primary purpose of these Final Governing Standards (FGS) is to provide environmental compliance criteria and management practices to be used by United States (U.S.)

Department of Defense (DoD) installations in Japan. This document implements DoD Instruction 4715.5, “Management of Environmental Compliance at Overseas Installations,” dated 22 April 1996, and is based upon DoD 4715.05-G, “Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document” (OEBGD), dated 1 May 2007.

C1.1.2. These FGS were developed by comparing and adopting the more protective criteria of the OEBGD, applicable Government of Japan (GoJ) national and prefectural environmental laws and regulations, and applicable international agreements. These FGS are consistent with the applicable provisions of Article IV of the “Agreement under Article VI of the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States of America and Japan, Regarding Facilities and Areas and the Status of United States Armed Forces in Japan,” also known as the “Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) between the United States and Japan.”

C1.2. APPLICABILITY

C1.2.1. These JEGS apply to actions of the DoD Components at all installations located within Japan.

C1.2.2. DoD activities and installations may issue supplementary criteria more protective of the environment than required by these FGS, provided they first obtain written concurrence from the EEA. Requests for more protective criteria shall be evaluated based on their potential impact upon other activities and installations, and upon their relationship with GoJ authorities.

DoD activities and installations shall clearly identify variances from these FGS in all requests for resources.

C1.2.3. DoD Components shall not enter into agreements with GoJ authorities at any level that establishes a criterion for compliance different than provided in these FGS without the prior written approval of the EEA.

C1.3. EXEMPTIONS. These FGS do not apply to:

C1.3.1. DoD installations that do not have more than de minimis potential to affect the natural environment (e.g., offices whose operations are primarily administrative, including defense attaché offices, security assistance offices, foreign buying offices, and other similar organizations), or for which the DoD Components exercise control only on a temporary or intermittent basis.

C1.3.2. Leased, joint use, and similar facilities to the extent that the DoD does not control the instrumentality or operation that a criterion seeks to regulate.

2 Chapter 1, Overview

C1.3.3. Operations of U.S. military vessels or the operations of U.S. military aircraft, or off installation operational and training deployments. Off-installation operational deployments include cases of hostilities, contingency operations in hazardous areas, and when U.S. forces are operating as part of a multi-national force not under full control of the U.S. Such excepted operations and deployments shall be conducted in accordance with applicable international agreements, other DoD Directives (DoDD) and Instructions (DoDI), and environmental annexes incorporated into operation plans or operation orders. However, these FGS do apply to support functions for U.S. military vessels and U.S. military aircraft provided by the DoD Components, including management or disposal of off-loaded waste or material.

C1.3.4. Facilities and activities associated with the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program, which are covered under Executive Order (E.O.) 12344, “Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program,” and conducted pursuant to 42 United States Code (U.S.C.) 7158.

C1.3.5. The determination or conduct of remediation to correct environmental problems caused by the DoD's past activities.

C1.3.6. Environmental analyses conducted under E.O. 12114, “Environmental Effects Abroad of Major Federal Actions.”

C1.4. DEFINITIONS. For purposes of these FGS, unless otherwise indicated, the following definitions apply:

C1.4.1. Existing Facility. Any facility and/or building, source, or project in use or under construction before 1 October 1994, unless it is subsequently substantially modified.

C1.4.2. New Facility. Any facility and/or building, source, or project with a construction start date on or after 1 October 1994, or a pre-existing facility that has been substantially modified since 1 October 1994.

C1.4.3. Requirements.

C1.4.3.1. Particular provisions of U.S. law respecting environmental protection on DoD installations within the U.S.

C1.4.3.2. GoJ laws of general applicability, including those specifically delegated to prefectural or local governments for implementation, respecting environmental protection and which are generally applied to the Japan Self Defense Force (JSDF).

C1.4.3.3. DoD installations overseas shall use these FGS as standards for environmental compliance rather than the individual source documents that have been reconciled by the EEA in the creation of these FGS.

C1.4.4. Substantial Modification. Any modification to a facility and/or building the cost of which exceeds $1 million, regardless of funding source.

Chapter 1, Overview 3

C1.5. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

C1.5.1. The DoD Components shall establish and implement an environmental audit program to ensure that overseas installations assess compliance with these FGS at least once every 3 years at all major installations.

C1.5.2. DoDI 4715.4, “Pollution Prevention,” dated June 18, 1996, implements policy, assigns responsibility, and prescribes procedures for implementation of pollution prevention programs throughout the DoD. As a matter of DoD policy, these FGS should be consulted for particular requirements that apply to activities in Japan. Where economically advantageous and consistent with mission requirements, pollution prevention shall be the preferred means for attaining compliance with these FGS.

C1.5.3. Laboratory analyses necessary to implement these FGS shall normally be conducted in a laboratory certified by a U.S. or GoJ regulatory authority for the applicable test method. In the absence of a certified laboratory, analyses may also be conducted at a laboratory that has an established reliable record of QA compliance with standards for the applicable test method that are generally recognized by appropriate industry or scientific organizations.

C1.5.4. Unless otherwise specified, all record keeping requirements, including assessments, inspection records, logs, manifests, notices, forms, and formats, are described in accordance with paragraph C4.4.2 of DoD 8910.1-M, “DoD Procedures for Management of Information Requirements.”

C1.5.5. These FGS do not create any rights or obligations enforceable against the U.S., the DoD, or any of its components, nor does it create any standard of care or practice for individuals. Although these FGS refer to other DoDDs and DoDIs, it is intended only to coordinate the requirements of those directives as required to implement the policies found in DoDI 4715.5. These FGS do not change other DoDDs or DoDIs or alter DoD policies.

C1.5.6. When these FGS were developed, DoD activities and installations were located in the following prefectures or special administrative areas: Aomori, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, Hiroshima, Shizuoka, Nagasaki, Yamaguchi, and Okinawa. If DoD activities are, or are expected to be, located in any other prefecture, the EEA shall be contacted to determine if any changes in the FGS are warranted for that prefecture.

C1.6. PERMITS AND LICENSES

C1.6.1. In accordance with the SOFA, permits, licenses, or other forms of official approvals are not required by DoD activities and installations. Permits, licenses, or other forms of official approvals may, however, be required under GoJ law for certain contracted activities specified herein. When required, all such permits, licenses and other forms of official approval shall be obtained by the contractor from the appropriate GoJ authorities. DoD Components shall assist contractors when they are applying for a required permit, license or other form of official approval by providing necessary information only.

4 Chapter 1, Overview

C1.6.2. If the conditions of any permit, license or other form of official approval provides for a less protective standard than are prescribed in these FGS, these FGS shall remain the compliance standard unless a waiver is obtained in writing from the EEA.

C1.7. ENVIRONMENTAL EXECUTIVE AGENT

C1.7.1. In accordance with DoDI 4715.5, the EEA for these FGS is the Commander, U.S.

Forces, Japan (COMUSJAPAN). Any questions or comments pertaining to these FGS shall be sent to:

Commander, U.S. Forces, Japan Unit 5068, Attn: USFJ/J4

APO, AP 96328-5068

DSN Voice (315) 225-4713

DSN FAX (315) 225-4709

Commercial +81 (042) 552-2510, Ext 54713

Chapter 2, Air Emissions 5

C2. CHAPTER 2

AIR EMISSIONS

C2.1. SCOPE

This Chapter contains criteria for air emissions sources. Criteria addressing open burning of solid waste are contained in Chapter 7, “Solid Waste.” Criteria addressing asbestos are contained in Chapter 15, “Asbestos.”

C2.2. DEFINITIONS

C2.2.1. Coal Refuse. Waste products from coal mining, cleaning and coal preparation operations (e.g., culm and gob) containing coal, matrix material, clay, and other organic and inorganic material.

C2.2.2. Cold Cleaning Machine. Any device or piece of equipment that contains and/or uses liquid solvent, into which parts are placed to remove soil and other contaminants from the surfaces of the parts or to dry the parts. Cleaning machines that contain and use heated, nonboiling solvent to clean the parts are classified as cold cleaning machines.

C2.2.3. Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incinerator (CISWI) Units. Any combustion device that combusts commercial and industrial waste in an enclosed device using controlled flame combustion without energy recovery that is a distinct operating unit of any commercial or industrial facility (including field-erected, modular, and custom incineration units operating with starved or excess air). CISWI units do NOT include Municipal Waste Combustor Units, Sewage Sludge Incinerators, Medical Waste Incinerators, and Hazardous Waste Combustion Units.

C2.2.4. Diesel Engine Generating Unit. Diesel Engine Generating Units that have a combustion rate ≥50 liters (13.2 gallons) per hour when calculated in terms of fuel oil consumption.

C2.2.5. Dioxins. Dioxins defined in this chapter are polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs) and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (coplanar PCBs).

C2.2.6. Existing Incinerators. Any incinerator constructed on or before 1 December 1997.

C2.2.7. Fossil Fuel. Natural gas, petroleum, coal, and any form of solid, liquid or gaseous fuel derived from such material for the purpose of creating useful heat.

C2.2.8. Freeboard Ratio. The ratio of the solvent cleaning machine freeboard height to the smaller interior dimension (length, width, or diameter) of the solvent cleaning machine.

C2.2.9. Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC). A compound consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, and carbon often used as a replacement for Ozone-Depletion Substances (ODS).

6 Chapter 2, Air Emissions

C2.2.10. Gaseous (Compressed Gas) Engine Generating Unit. Gaseous Engine Generating Units that have the following specifications. The combustion rate of the engine is ≥35 liters/hour when calculated in terms of fuel oil consumption.

C2.2.11. Gasoline Engine Generating Unit. Gasoline Engine Generating Units that have the following specifications. The combustion rate of the engine is ≥35 liters/hour when calculated in terms of fuel oil consumption.

C2.2.12. Incinerator. Any furnace used in the process of burning solid or liquid waste for the purpose of reducing the volume of the waste by removing combustible matter, including equipment with heat recovery systems for either hot water or steam generation.

C2.2.13. Motor Vehicle. Any commercially-available vehicle that is not adapted to military use which is self-propelled and designed for transporting persons or property on a street or highway, including but not limited to passenger cars, light duty vehicles, and heavy duty vehicles.

C2.2.14. Municipal Waste Combustion (MWC) Units. Any equipment that combusts solid, liquid, or gasified municipal solid waste (MSW) including, but not limited to, field-erected MWC units (with or without heat recovery), modular MWC units (starved-air or excess-air), boilers (for example, steam generating units), furnaces (whether suspension-fired, grate-fired, mass-fired, air curtain incinerators, or fluidized bed-fired), and pyrolysis/combustion units.

Municipal waste combustion units do NOT include pyrolysis or MWC units located at a plastics or rubber recycling unit, cement kilns that combust MSW, internal combustion engines, gas turbines, or other combustion devices that combust landfill gases collected by landfill gas collection systems.

C2.2.15. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). Any household, commercial/retail, or institutional waste. Household waste includes material discarded from residential dwellings, hotels, motels, and other similar permanent or temporary housing. Commercial/retail waste includes material discarded by stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, nonmanufacturing activities at industrial facilities, and other similar establishments or facilities. Institutional waste includes materials discarded by schools, hospitals (nonmedical), nonmanufacturing activities at prisons and government facilities, and other similar establishments or facilities. Household, commercial/retail, and institutional waste does include yard waste and refuse-derived fuel.

Household, commercial/retail, and institutional waste does not include used oil; sewage sludge;

wood pallets; construction, renovation, and demolition wastes (which include railroad ties and telephone poles); clean wood; industrial process or manufacturing wastes; medical waste; or motor vehicles (including motor vehicle parts or vehicle fluff).

C2.2.16. New Incinerators. Any new Waste or Specified Waste Incinerator built on or after 2 December 1997.

C2.2.17. Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS). Those substances listed in Table C2.T1.

C2.2.18. Pathological Waste. Waste material consisting of only human or animal remains, anatomical parts, and/or tissue, the bags/containers used to collect and transport the waste material, and animal bedding (if applicable).

Chapter 2, Air Emissions 7

C2.2.19. Perfluorocarbon (PFC). A compound consisting solely of carbon and fluorine often used as a replacement for ODS.

C2.2.20. Process Heater. A device that is primarily used to heat a material to initiate or promote a chemical reaction in which the material participates as a reactant or catalyst.

C2.2.21. Pyrolysis. The endothermic gasification of hospital waste and/or medical/infectious waste using external energy.

C2.2.22. Specified Waste Incinerator. A waste incinerator with a hearth area ≥0.5 m2 (5.38 ft2) or an incineration rate ≥50 kg/hr (110 lbs/hr).

C2.2.23. Soot and Dust. Particulate matter generated from combustion.

C2.2.24. Stack. Any point in a source covered by criteria contained in C2.3.1, C2.3.2, C2.3.2.5, C2.3.4, or C2.3.5 designed to emit pollutants.

C2.2.25. Steam/Hot Water Generating Unit. A device that combusts any fuel and produces steam or heats water or any other heat transfer medium. This definition does not include nuclear steam generators or process heaters.

C2.2.26. Substantially-Modified. Any modification to a facility/building, the cost of which exceeds $1 million, regardless of funding source.

C2.2.27. Vapor Cleaning Machine. A batch or in-line solvent cleaning machine that boils liquid solvent which generates solvent vapor that is used as a part of the cleaning or drying cycle.

C2.2.28. Waste Incinerator. Any incinerator with a grate area ≥2 m2 (21.5 ft2) or an incineration rate ≥200 kg/hr (441 lbs/hr), and which burns solid or liquid waste to reduce volume by removing combustible matter, including equipment with heat recovery systems for either hot water or steam generation.

C2.2.29. Wood Residue. Bark, sawdust, slabs, chips, shavings, mill trim, and other wood products derived from wood processing and forest management operations.

C2.3. CRITERIA

C2.3.1. Steam/Hot Water Generating Units. The following standards apply to units that commenced construction on or after 1 October 1994 or that were substantially modified since 1 October 1994. Steam/Hot Water Generating Units with a heating area ≥10 m2 (107.6 ft2), or with a burner combustion rate of ≥50 liters (13.2 gallons) per hour when calculated in terms of fuel oil consumption, must comply with the standards provided in Tables C2.T2 and C2.T3.

C2.3.1.1. Air Emission Standards. The following criteria apply to units with a maximum design heat input capacity ≥10 million BTU/hr.

C2.3.1.1.1. Steam/hot water generating units and associated emissions controls, if applicable, must be designed to meet the emission standards for specific sized units shown in

8 Chapter 2, Air Emissions

Table C2.T4 at all times, except during periods of start up, shut down, soot blowing, malfunction, or when emergency conditions exist.

C2.3.1.1.2. For units combusting liquid or solid fossil fuels, fuel sulfur content (weight percent) and higher heating value will be measured and recorded for each new shipment of fuel. Use these data to calculate sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions and document compliance with the SO2 limits using the equation in C2.3.10. Alternatively, install a properly calibrated and maintained continuous emissions monitoring system to measure the flue gas for SO2 and either oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide (CO2).

C2.3.1.2. Air Emissions Monitoring. Steam/hot water generating units subject to opacity or nitrogen oxides (NOX) standards in C2.T4 must have a properly calibrated and maintained continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) to measure the flue gas as follows:

C2.3.1.2.1. For units with a maximum design heat input capacity >30 million BTU/hr: Opacity, except that CEMS is not required where gaseous or distillate fuels are the only fuels combusted.

C2.3.1.2.2. For fossil fuel fired units with a maximum design heat input capacity >100 million BTU/hr: NOX and either O2 or CO2.

C2.3.2. Incinerators. The following requirements do not apply to incinerators combusting hazardous waste or munitions. Refer to Chapter 6, “Hazardous Waste,” for information regarding hazardous waste disposal and incineration.

C2.3.2.1. Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incinerators (CISWI). All CISWI units must comply with the applicable emission standards in Table C2.T7 and operating limits in Table C2.T8 (see also paragraph C2.3.2.5).

C2.3.2.2. Municipal Waste Combustion (MWC) Units. Each MWC unit must comply with the applicable emission standards in Table C2.T7 and operating limits in Table C2.T8.

C2.3.2.3. Sewage Sludge Incinerators. All sewage sludge incinerators that commenced construction on or after 1 October 1994 or that were substantially modified since 1 October 1994 and that burn more than 1 ton per day (tpd) of sewage sludge or more than 10% sewage sludge, must also be designed to meet a particulate emission limit of 0.65 g/kg dry sludge (1.30 lb/ton dry sludge) and an opacity limit of 20% at all times, except during periods of start up, shut down, malfunction, or when emergency conditions exist.

C2.3.2.4. Medical Waste Incinerators (MWI). The following standards apply to all units.

These requirements do not apply to any portable units (field deployable), pyrolysis units, or units that burn only pathological, low-level radioactive waste, or chemotherapeutic waste. Refer to Chapter 8, “Medical Waste Management,” for other requirements pertaining to medical waste management.

C2.3.2.4.1. All MWI must be designed and operated according to the following good combustion practices (GCP):

Chapter 2, Air Emissions 9

C2.3.2.4.1.1. Unit design: dual chamber.

C2.3.2.4.1.2. Minimum temperature in primary chamber: 760-871°C (1400- 1600°F).

C2.3.2.4.1.3. Minimum temperature in secondary chamber: 982-1204°C (1800- 2200°F).

C2.3.2.4.1.4. Minimum residence time in the secondary chamber: 2 seconds.

C2.3.2.4.1.5. Incinerator operators must be trained in accordance with applicable Service requirements.

C2.3.2.5. Additional Air Emission Monitoring for Waste and Specified Waste Incinerators. Waste and Specified Waste Incinerators must be monitored for hazardous air pollutants and dioxins in accordance with the standards in Table C2.T2, C2.T3, and C2.T5.

C2.3.2.5.1. Hazardous Air Pollutant Monitoring. Installations that operate Waste Incinerators must monitor the hazardous air pollutants listed in Table C2.T2 twice a year.

C2.3.2.5.2. Dioxin Monitoring. Installations that operate Waste or Specified Waste Incinerators must monitor dioxin emissions listed in Table C2.T5 at least annually.

Additionally, ash from Waste and Specified Incinerators must be tested at least annually, and must have dioxin levels of 3.0 ng-TEQ/g or less. Ash not meeting this standard must be disposed of as a hazardous waste in accordance with Chapter 6, “Hazardous Waste.”

C2.3.3. Perchloroethylene (PCE) Dry Cleaning Machines. The following requirements apply to all dry cleaning machines. These requirements do not apply to coin-operated machines.

C2.3.3.1. Emissions from PCE dry cleaning machines installed before 1 October 1994 that use more than 2,000 gallons per year of PCE (installation wide) in dry cleaning operations, must be controlled with a refrigerated condenser, unless a carbon absorber was already installed.

The temperature of the refrigerated condenser must be maintained at ≤7.22°C (45°F). Dry cleaning machines and control devices must be operated according to manufacturer recommendations.

C2.3.3.2. All PCE dry cleaning systems installed on or after 1 October 1994 must be of the dry-to-dry design with emissions controlled by a refrigerated condenser. The temperature of the refrigerated condenser must be maintained at ≤7.22°C (45°F). Dry cleaning machines and control devices must be operated according to manufacturer recommendations.

C2.3.4. Chromium Electroplating and Chromium Anodizing Tanks. Electroplating and anodizing tanks must comply with one of the three methods below for controlling chromium emissions. Implement one of the following methods that is most appropriate to suit local conditions:

10 Chapter 2, Air Emissions

C2.3.4.1. Option 1: Limit chromium emissions in the ventilation exhaust to 0.015 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter (mg/dscm). Control devices/methods must be operated according to manufacturer recommendations.

C2.3.4.2. Option 2: Use chemical tank additives to prevent surface tension of the electroplating or anodizing bath from exceeding 45 dynes per centimeter (cm) as measured by a stalagmometer or 35 dynes/cm as measured by a tensiometer. Measure the surface tension prior to the first initiation of electric current on a given day and every 4 hours thereafter.

C2.3.4.3. Option 3: Limit chromium emissions to the maximum allowable mass emission rate (MAMER) calculated using the following equation: MAMER = ETSA x K x 0.015 mg/dscm, where: MAMER = the alternative emission rate for enclosed hard chromium electroplating tanks in mg/hr; ETSA = the hard chromium electroplating tank surface area in square feet (ft2); K = a conversion factor, 425 dscm/(ft2-hr). Option 3 is ONLY applicable to hard chrome electroplating tanks equipped with an enclosing hood and ventilated at half the rate or less than that of an open surface tank of the same surface area.

C2.3.5. Halogenated Solvent Cleaning Machines. These requirements apply to all solvent cleaning machines that use solvent which contains more than 5% by weight: methylene chloride (CAS No. 75-09-2), perchloroethylene (CAS No. 127-18-4), trichloroethylene (CAS No. 79-01- 6), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (CAS No. 71-55-6), carbon tetrachloride (CAS No. 56-23-5), chloroform (CAS No. 67-66-3), or any combination of these halogenated solvents.

C2.3.5.1. All cold cleaning machines (remote reservoir and immersion tanks) must be covered when not in use. Additionally, immersion type cold cleaning machines must have either a 1-inch water layer or a freeboard ratio of at least 0.75.

C2.3.5.2. All vapor cleaning machines (vapor degreasers) must incorporate design and work practices which minimize the direct release of halogenated solvent to the atmosphere.

C2.3.6. Units Containing ODS Listed in Table C2.T1. The following criteria apply to direct atmospheric emissions of ODS, HFCs, and perfluorocarbons (PFC) from refrigeration equipment and ODS from fire suppression equipment.

C2.3.6.1. Refrigerant Recovery/Recycling. All repairs, including leak repairs or services to appliances, industrial process refrigeration units, air conditioning units, or motor vehicle air conditioners, must be performed using commercially available refrigerant recovery/recycling equipment operated by trained personnel. Refrigerant technicians shall be trained in proper recovery/recycling procedures, leak detection, safety, shipping, and disposal in accordance with recognized industry standards or Japanese equivalent.

C2.3.6.2. Refrigerant Venting Prohibition. Any class I or class II ODS, HFC, and PFC refrigerant shall not be intentionally released in the course of maintaining, servicing, repairing, or disposing of appliances, industrial process refrigeration units, air conditioning units, or motor vehicle air conditioners. De minimis releases associated with good faith attempts to recycle or recover ODS, HFC, and PFC refrigerants are not subject to this prohibition.

Chapter 2, Air Emissions 11

C2.3.6.3. Refrigerant Leak Monitoring and Repair. Monitor and repair refrigeration equipment for ODS leakage in accordance with the following criteria and repair, if found to be leaking.

C2.3.6.3.1. Commercial Refrigeration Equipment. Commercial refrigeration equipment normally containing >50 pounds of refrigerant must have leaks repaired if the appliance is leaking at a rate such that the loss of refrigerant will exceed 35% of the total charge during a 12-month period.

C2.3.6.3.2. Industrial Process Refrigeration Equipment. Industrial process refrigeration equipment normally containing >50 pounds of refrigerant must have leaks repaired if the appliance is leaking at a rate such that the loss of refrigerant will exceed 35% of the total charge during a 12-month period.

C2.3.6.3.3. Comfort Cooling Appliances. Comfort cooling appliances normally containing >50 pounds of refrigerant and not covered by paragraphs C2.3.6.3.1 or C2.3.6.3.2 of this chapter must have leaks repaired if the appliance is leaking at a rate such that the loss of refrigerant will exceed 15% of the total charge during a 12-month period.

C2.3.6.4. ODS Fire Suppression Agent (Halon) Venting Prohibition. Halons shall not be intentionally released into the environment while testing, maintaining, servicing, repairing, or disposing of Halon-containing equipment or using such equipment for technician training. This venting prohibition does NOT apply to the following Halon releases:

C2.3.6.4.1. De minimis releases associated with good faith attempts to recycle or recover Halons (i.e., release of residual Halon contained in fully discharged total flooding fire extinguishing systems).

C2.3.6.4.2. Emergency releases for the legitimate purpose of fire extinguishing, explosion inertion, or other emergency applications for which the equipment or systems were designed.

C2.3.6.4.3. Releases during the testing of fire extinguishing systems if each of the following is true: systems or equipment employing suitable alternative fire extinguishing agents are not available; release of extinguishing agent is essential to demonstrate equipment functionality; failure of system or equipment would pose great risk to human safety or the environment; and a simulant agent cannot be used.

C2.3.7. Motor Vehicles. This criteria applies to DoD-owned motor vehicles as defined in paragraph C2.2.13.

C2.3.7.1. All vehicles shall be inspected every 2 years to ensure that no tampering with factory-installed emission control equipment has occurred.

C2.3.7.2. If available on the local economy, use only unleaded gasoline in vehicles that are designed for this fuel.

12 Chapter 2, Air Emissions

C2.3.8. Stack Heights. Hg is the good engineering practice stack height necessary to minimize downwash of stack emissions due to aerodynamic influences from nearby structures.

C2.3.8.1. Stacks shall be designed and constructed to heights at least equal to the largest Hg calculated from either of the following two criteria:

C2.3.8.1.1. Hg = H + 1.5L, where H is the height of the nearby structure measured from the ground level elevation at the base of the stack, and L is the lesser of height or projected width of the nearby structure(s). A structure is determined to be nearby when the stack is located within 5L of the structure envelope but ≤0.8 km (0.5 mile). This calculation shall be performed for each structure nearby the stack being studied to determine the greatest Hg.

C2.3.8.1.2. Hg is the height demonstrated by a fluid model or a field study, which ensures that the emissions from a stack do not result in maximum ground-level concentrations of any air pollutant as a result of atmospheric downwash, wakes, or eddy effects created by the source itself, nearby structures, or nearby terrain features at least 40% in excess of the maximum ground-level concentrations of any air pollutant experienced in the absence of such atmospheric downwash, wakes, or eddy effects. For purposes of this paragraph, “nearby” means <0.8 km (0.5 mile), except that the portion of a terrain feature may be considered to be nearby which falls within a distance of up to 10 times the maximum height (Ht) of the feature, not to exceed 2 miles if such feature achieves a height (Ht) 0.8 km from the stack that is at least 40% of the good engineering practice stack height determined by the formulae provided in C2.3.8.1.1 of this part or 26 meters, whichever is greater, as measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack. The height of the structure or terrain feature is measured from the ground-level elevation at the base of the stack.

C2.3.9. Diesel/Gaseous/Gasoline Engine Generating and Gas Turbines Units. These units must comply with the emission standards in Table C2.T3 if operated for more than 10 hours in any calendar year. Portable or mobile equipment are exempt from these standards.

C2.3.10. Emission Limits for Sulfur Oxides. Maximum permissible emission limits for the amount of sulfur oxides emitted from an outlet of a facility, q, is calculated as follows:

where, q is the hourly volume of SOX emitted (Nm3/hr). Nm3 represents m3/hour at a normal temperature of 0C and a pressure of 1 atmosphere.

K is a constant value assigned to each designated region. The most protective value (e.g., the smallest K-value) applicable to the region must be used (See Table C2.T6).

He is the effective stack height calculated as follows:

2310 eHKq

Michael.Noah Comment on Text There may be a Prefectural exemption for emergency generators - Kanagawa. Delphine Lee called on 1/6/2011 with info, and will respond with citation in HN law.

Chapter 2, Air Emissions 13 where, He is the effective stack height, in meters

Ho is the actual stack height, in meters.

Q is the flue gas flow rate at 15C (59F) in m3/sec

V is the flue gas speed in m/sec and

T is the flue gas temperature, in absolute temperature tmoe HHHH 65.0

V

VQ

Hm 58.2

795.0

)1 log30.2()288(1001.2 3

J JTQHt

1)

2961460(

T

V

VQ

J

14 Chapter 2, Air Emissions

Table C2.T1. Class I and II Ozone Depleting Substances

Class I CFC - 11 CFC - 114 CFC - 215 Halon - 1211 CFC - 12 CFC - 115 CFC - 216 Halon - 1301 CFC - 13 CFC - 211 CFC - 217 Halon - 2402 CFC - 111 CFC - 212 Carbon Tetrachloride CFC - 112 CFC - 213 Methyl Chloroform CFC - 113 CFC - 214 Methyl Bromide CHFBr2 C2H2F3Br C3HF6Br C3H3F4Br HBFC-2201 (CHF2Br) C2H3FBr2 C3H2FBr5 C3H4FBr3 CH2FBr C2H3F2Br C3H2F2Br4 C3H4F2Br2 C2HFBr4 C2H4FBr C3H2F3Br3 C3H4F3Br C2HF2Br3 C3HFBr6 C3H2F4Br2 C3H5FBr2 C2HF3Br2 C3HF2Br5 C3H2F5Br C3H5F2Br C2HF4Br C3HF3Br4 C3H3FBr4 C3H6FBr C2H2FBr3 C3HF4Br3 C3H3F2Br3 Chlorobromomethane C2H2F2Br2 C3HF5Br2 C3H3F3Br2

Class II HCFC – 21 HCFC – 133a HCFC – 225cb HCFC – 243 HCFC – 22 HCFC – 141b HCFC – 226 HCFC – 244 HCFC – 31 HCFC – 142b HCFC – 231 HCFC – 251

HCFC – 121 HCFC – 151 HCFC – 232 HCFC – 252

HCFC – 122 HCFC – 221 HCFC - 233 HCFC – 253

HCFC – 123 HCFC – 222 HCFC – 234 HCFC – 261

HCFC – 124 HCFC – 223 HCFC – 235 HCFC – 262

HCFC – 131 HCFC – 224 HCFC – 241 HCFC – 271

HCFC – 132b HCFC – 225ca HCFC – 242

Note: All isomers of the above chemicals are ODS, except isomers of (1,1,1-trichloroethane (also known as methyl chloroform)) such as 1,1,2-trichloroethane.

Chapter 2, Air Emissions 15

Table C2.T2. Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

Substance Emission Source Emission Standards Methods

Sulfur Oxide

(SOX)

Combustion of fuel and minerals in boilers and waste incinerators

1. The standard is set according to the height of the exhaust outlet (He) and the value of K assigned to each area (see paragraph C2.3.10)

General emission standards:

K = 3.0 to 17.5

Special emission standards:

K = 1.17 to 2.34

2. Fuel use standard:

Sulfur in fuel is set for each area.

Sulfur content: <0.5 to 1.2 %

3. Total emissions:

Set for each area/factory based on the total emission reduction plan.

1. SOX: JIS K0103

Emission quality: JIS Z8808.

2. Sulfur content in fuel: JIS

K2301, JIS K2541 or JIS M8813

3. Fuel consumption: JIS Z8762, JIS Z8763 or equivalent.

Soot & Dust

Combustion of fuel and minerals in boilers, waste incinerators and the use of an electric furnace

Emission standards for each facility/scale (See Table C2.T3)

General emission standards:

0.04 - 0.3 g/Nm3

Special emission standards:

0.03 - 0.2 g/Nm3

Soot & Dust: JIS Z8808

O2: Absorption method using an Orsat gas analyzer (or equivalent)

Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)

Combustion or chemical treatment at waste incinerators

Emission standard for Waste Incinerators:

700 mg/Nm3

HCl for waste incinerators:

Measuring HCl concentration by the silver nitrate method among the methods stipulated in JIS K0107, and the oxygen concentration in the emission gas by the same method of soot and dust.

Nitrogen Oxide

(NOX)

Combustion, synthesis or degradation in a boiler or a waste incinerator

1. Emission standards for each facility/scale (See Table C2.T3) 60 - 950 ppm

2. Total emissions Set for each area/factory based on total emission reduction plan

JIS K0104 for measuring NOX concentration in the emission gas, and JIS Z8808 for measuring soot and dust for the oxygen concentrations in the emission gas.

Notes:

Target Facilities:

Boiler: Heating surface area ≥10 m2 Waste Incinerator: Grate area ≥2 m2, or burning capacity ≥200 kg/h.

Monitoring Requirement: Twice a year

16 Chapter 2, Air Emissions

Table C2.T3. Emission Standards for Soot and Dust and NOX

Soot and Dust NOX

Type of Facility Specification Types Size (Nm3)

General Area#1

(g)

Special Area#2

(g)

Size (Nm3)

Standard (ppm)

≥500,000 60

≥40,000 0.05 0.03 ≥40,000 but

<500,000

≥10,000 but

<40.000

Gas boiler heating area ≥10 m2

Burner combustion rate:

≥50 L/h 2

<40,000 0.10 0.05

<10,000 150 ≥500,000 130

≥200,000 0.05 0.04

≥40,000 but

<200,000

0.15 0.05

≥10,000 but

<40,000

0.25 0.15

≥10,000 but

<500,000

Liquid boiler or gas and liquid boiler (burner combustion rate:

≥50 L/h 2

<10,000 0.30 0.15 <10,000 180 ≥500,000 130

≥200,000 0.15 0.10

≥40,000 but

<200,000

0.25 0.15

≥10,000 but

<500,000

Black liquid boiler or black liquid and gas or liquid fuel boiler

<40,000 0.30 0.15 <10,000 180

Liquid fuel boiler (heating area <10 m2)

-- 0.30 0.15 -- 260

≥700,000 200 ≥200,000 0.10 0.05

≥40,000 but

<200,000

0.20 0.10

≥40,000 but

<700,000

Coal boiler (heating area ≥10 m2)

<40,000 0.30 0.15 <40,000 300

Coal boiler (heating area <10 m2)

-- 0.30 0.15 -- 350

≥700,000 200

≥40,000 0.30 0.15 ≥40,000 but

<700,000

Solid fuel boiler (others whose heating area is ≥10 m2)

<40,000 0.30 0.20 <40,000 300 Solid fuel boiler (Others whose heating area is <10 m2)

-- 0.30 0.20 -- 350

≥500,000 130 ≥40,000 0.30 0.15

≥10,000 but

<500,000

Boiler 1

Heating area 2 ≥10 m2, or

Burner combustion rate ≥50 L/h 3

Boilers (others) <40,000 0.30 0.20

<10,000 180

Chapter 2, Air Emissions 17

Table C2.T3. Emission Standards for Soot and Dust and NOX (continued)

Soot and Dust NOX

Type of Facility Specification Type Size (metric tons)

General Area#1

(g)

Special Area#2

(g)

Size (Nm3)

Standard (ppm)

Gas Turbine Engine 0.05 0.04 70

Diesel Engine

Fuel Combustion Rate: ≥50 L/h

0.10 0.08 950

Gaseous Engine 0.05 0.04 600

Gasoline Engine

Fuel Combustion Rate: ≥35 L/h

0.05 0.04

≥4 0.04 Waste material continuous incinerator (by vortex combustion method)

≥2 but <4 0.08 All 450

≥4 0.04 ≥40,000 250 Peculiar 4 waste continuous material incinerator ≥2 but <4 0.08 <40,000 700

≥4 0.04 Waste material continuous incinerator (others) ≥2 but <4 0.08

All 250

≥40,000 250

Waste material incinerator

Grate area: 3 ≥2 m2

Incineration rate:

≥200 kg/h

Waste material incinerator (others)

<2 0.15

<40,000 --

Notes:

#1. Soot and dust emission standard per Nm3 of emitting gas in general area (see Table C2.T6).

#2. Soot and dust emission standard per Nm3 of emitting gas in special area (see Table C2.T6). These standards apply for facilities built after 1 June 1982 in Tokyo Metropolitan area (special wards), Yokohama and Yokosuka.

1. Hot blast boilers are included. Boilers which use electricity or waste heat alone are excluded.

2. Calculated in terms of heavy oil.

3. Horizontal projected area.

4. A “peculiar” incinerator refers to an incinerator that burns waste generated from a process that produces or uses nitro-, amino-, or cyano-compounds or their derivatives, or from a process that treats wastewater using ammonia.

(Nm3 = Normal cubic meters)

Michael.Noah Comment on Text Table C2.T3. This may be > versus "greater than or equal to"

Michael.Noah Comment on Text Table C2.T3. Confirm this isn't 75 L/h, instead of 35 L/h

18 Chapter 2, Air Emissions

Table C2.T4. Emission Standards for Steam Generating Units 1

Maximum Design Heat Input Capacity 10 – 100 million BTU/hr Size >100 million BTU/hr Fuel Type PM Opacity 2 SO2

3 PM Opacity 2 SO2

3 NOX

Gaseous N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.20 Gaseous - Coal Derived N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.50 Liquid Fossil Fuel N/A 20% 0.50 5 0.10 20% 0.80 0.30 Solid Fossil Fuel 0.10 20% 1.20 0.10 20% 1.20 0.70 Other Solid Fuel 6 0.30 20% N/A 0.20 20% N/A N/A

N/A = Not applicable.

1. Standards apply to units constructed or substantially modified after 1 October 1994. Standards do not apply during periods of startup, shutdown, malfunction, soot blowing, or when emergency conditions exist. Unless specified otherwise, emission standards are in lb/million BTU.

2. The opacity standards do not apply to units <30 million BTU/hr. The 20% standard applies to the average opacity over a 6-minute period. A 30% opacity value is allowed for one 6-minute period per hour.

3. SO2 is best controlled and compliance documented by limiting fuel sulfur content. SO2 emissions (lb/million BTU) = 0.02 X sulfur content of fuel (%) / heat content of fuel (HHV, million BTU/lb fuel).

[e.g., for fuel oil with 0.5% sulfur, SO2 = 0.02 X 0.5 / 0.019 = 0.53 lb/million BTU].

4. Emission limitation for NOX is based on a 30-day rolling average. NOX standard does not apply when a fossil fuel containing at least 25% by weight of coal refuse is burned in combination with gaseous, liquid, or other solid fossil fuel.

5. Instead of 0.5 lb/ million BTU of SO2, fuel oil combustion units may comply with a 0.5% average fuel sulfur content limit (weight percent) which is statistically equivalent to 0.5 lb/million BTU.

6. Other solid fuels include wood or waste derived fuels.

Chapter 2, Air Emissions 19

Table C2.T5. Dioxin Standards for Waste and Specified Waste Incinerators

Incinerating Capacity (metric tons/hour)

Emission Standards for New Waste Incinerators

Emission Standards for Existing Waste Incinerators 1

≥4 0.1 ng-TEQ/Nm3 1 ng-TEQ/Nm3 ≥2 but <4 1 ng-TEQ/Nm3 5 ng-TEQ/Nm3

<2 2 5 ng-TEQ/Nm3 10 ng-TEQ/Nm3 TEQ = Toxic Equivalent

Notes:

1. New Waste Incinerators: Specified waste incinerator (hearth area ≥0.5 m2 or an incinerating capacity ≥50 kg/hr, built on or after 16 January 2000) and new waste incinerator (grate area ≥2 m2 or an incinerating capacity ≥200 kg/hr, built on or after 2 December 1997).

2. Existing Waste Incinerators: Grate area ≥2 m2 or an incinerating capacity ≥200 kg/hr, built on or before 1 December 1997.

Monitoring Frequency: Once a year

Analytical Method: JIS K0311 (2008)

Table C2.T6. Sulfur Oxide (SOX) K-Values (see paragraph C2.3.10 for application)

Area K-Value

Yokohama, Yokosuka, Wards of Tokyo 1.17 Kisarazu 1.75

S pe ci al

Iwakuni, Otake 2.34 Kure 5.0 Hachinohe 6.0 Fussa, Musashimurayama, Kiyose, Tachikawa, Akishima, Hamura, Fuchu, Inagi, Tama, Hachioji, Mizuho

6.42

Fukuoka 8.76 Wako, Tokorozawa, Niiza, Sayama, Kin, Naha, Urasoe, Ishikawa Region of Uruma, Ginowan, Chatan, Kitanakagusuku

9.0

Sasebo 10.0 Ayase, Sagamihara, Yamato, Ebina, Zushi, Zama 11.5 Kadena, Numazu, Ginoza, Onna, Yomitan, Katsuren Region of Uruma, Itoman, Okinawa City 13.0

G en er al

Misawa, Gushikawa Region of Uruma, Nago, Motobu, Higashi, Kunigami, Ie, Gotenba 17.5

20 Chapter 2, Air Emissions

Table C2.T7. Emission Standards for Incinerators

Pollutant Emission Standards 1

Incinerator Type

Existing MWC units 2 MWC units that begin new construction or undergo substantial modification 2

CISWI

units

Rated Capacity

35-250 tpd >250 tpd 35-250 tpd >250tpd All units

Particulate 70 mg/dscm 27 mg/dscm 24 mg/dscm mg/dscm Opacity 10% 10% 10% NOX N/A See Note 3 500 ppmv 150 ppmv 388 ppmv

SO2

50% reduction or 77 ppmv 75% reduction or 29 ppmv 80% reduction or 30 ppmv 20 ppmv

Dioxins/furans 125 ng/dscm See Note 4 13 ng/dscm 0.41 ng/dscm

Cadmium 0.10 mg/dscm 0.040 mg/dscm 0.020 mg/dscm 0.004 mg/dscm

Lead 1.6 mg/dscm 0.44 mg/dscm 0.20 mg/dscm 0.04 mg/dscm

Mercury 85% reduction or 0.080 mg/dscm 85% reduction or 0.080 mg/dscm 0.47 mg/dscm

HCl 50% reduction or 250 ppmv

95% reduction or 29 ppmv

80% reduction or 30 ppmv

95% reduction or 25 ppmv

62 ppmv

Fugitive ash 5% of hourly observation period 5% of hourly observation period N/A

Notes:

1. Emission standard concentrations (mg/dscm, ppmv) are corrected to 7% oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions.

mg/dscm = milligram per dry standard cubic meter, ng = nanogram, ppm = parts per million.

2. Construction or modifications that were undertaken pursuant to previous JEGS are not subject to these requirements. These criteria are not intended to require retrofitting of MWC units.

3. NOX limits for units rated > 250 tons/day (tpd) capacity: mass burn refractory-no limit; mass burn waterwall-205 ppmv; mass burn rotary waterwall: 250 ppmv; refuse-derived fuel combustor-250 ppmv; fluidized bed combustor- 180 ppmv.

4. Dioxins/furans limits for units rated >250 tpd capacity: MWC with electrostatic precipitator (ESP)-60 ng/dscm;

MWC with non-ESP-30 ng/dscm.

Chapter 2, Air Emissions 21

Table C2.T8. Carbon Monoxide Operating Limits for Incinerators 1

Incinerator Type Existing MWC units 2

MWC units that begin new construction or undergo substantial modification 2

CISWI

units

Rated Capacity 35-250 tpd >250 tpd 35-250 tpd >250tpd All units

Fluidized bed 100 ppmv (4-hr avg) Fluidized bed, mixed fuel (wood/refuse-derived fuel)

200 ppmv (24-hr avg)

200 ppmv (24-hr avg)

100 ppmv (4-hr avg)

Mass burn rotary refractory 100 ppmv (4-hr avg) Mass burn rotary waterfall 250 ppmv (24-hr avg)

100 ppmv (24-hr avg)

Mass burn waterfall and refractory 100 ppmv (4-hr avg) 100 ppmv (4-hr avg) Mixed fuel-fired (pulverized coal/refuse-derived fuel)

150 ppmv (4-hr avg) 150 ppmv (4-hr avg)

Modular starved-air and excess air 50 ppmv (4-hr avg) 50 ppmv (4-hr avg) Spreader stoker, mixed fuel-fired (coal/refuse-derived fuel) Stoker, refuse-derived fuel

200 ppmv (24-hr avg) 150 ppmv (24-hr avg)

157 ppmv

Notes:

1 Compliance is determined by continuous emission monitoring systems.

2 Construction or modifications that were undertaken pursuant to previous JEGS are not subject to these requirements. These criteria are not intended to require retrofitting of MWC units

22 Chapter 2, Air Emissions

Chapter 3, Drinking Water 23

C3. CHAPTER 3

DRINKING WATER

C3.1. SCOPE

This Chapter contains criteria for providing potable water.

C3.2. DEFINITIONS

C3.2.1. Action Level. The concentration of a substance in water that establishes appropriate treatment for a water system.

C3.2.2. Appropriate DoD Medical Authority. The medical professional designated by the in-theater DoD Component commander to be responsible for resolving medical issues necessary to provide safe drinking water at the DoD Component’s installations.

C3.2.3. Concentration/Time (CT). The product of residual disinfectant concentration (C) in mg/L determined before or at the first customer, and the corresponding disinfectant contact time (T) in minutes. CT values appear in Tables C3.T11 through C3.T24.

C3.2.4. Conventional Treatment. Water treatment, including chemical coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration.

C3.2.5. Diatomaceous Earth Filtration. A water treatment process of passing water through a precoat of diatomaceous earth deposited onto a support membrane while additional diatomaceous earth is continuously added to the feed water to maintain the permeability of the precoat, resulting in substantial particulate removal from the water.

C3.2.6. Direct Filtration. Water treatment, including chemical coagulation, possibly flocculation, and filtration, but not sedimentation.

C3.2.7. Disinfectant. Any oxidant, including but not limited to, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chloramines, and ozone, intended to kill or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms in water.

C3.2.8. DoD Water System. A public or non-public water system.

C3.2.9. Emergency Assessment. Evaluation of the susceptibility of the…