Attachment_1_-_AIDATS_Performance_Specification_dtd_13_Mar_2014.docx

Performance Specification

For the

M1A1

Abrams Integrated Display and Targeting System

Product Manager, Tank Systems Armor and Fire Support Systems Marine Corps Systems Command

13 March 2014

RECORD OF REVIEW/APPROVAL OF THE

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION

FOR THE

ABRAMS INTEGRATED DISPLAY AND TARGETING SYSTEM

PREPARED BY:

MARCORSYSCOM

Armor and Fire Support Systems

Project Officer, AIDATS

CONCURRENCE:

MARCORSYSCOM

Armor and Fire Support Systems

Lead Engineer, PdM Tanks

MARCORSYSCOM

Armor and Fire Support Systems

APPROVAL:

MARCORSYSCOM

Armor and Fire Support Systems Assistant Program Manager, Engineering

Record of Changes

Refer questions concerning this Performance Specification to Mr. Michael Kreiner, AIDATS Project Officer, PdM Tanks, Marine Corps Systems Command, Quantico, VA (703) 432-5744, michael.l.kreiner@usmc.mil.

Distribution Statement A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Scope. This specification establishes the performance, design, test, manufacture and acceptance requirements for the Abrams Integrated Display and Targeting System (AIDATS).

APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3, 4, or 5 of this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they shall meet all specified requirements of documents cited in sections 3, 4, or 5 of this specification, whether or not they are listed.

2.2 Government Documents.

2.2.1 Specifications, Standards, and Handbooks. The following specifications, standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

SPECIFICATIONS

MIL-DTL-5624V Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Grades JP-4 and JP-5

MIL-DTL-83133H Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Grades JP-8

STANDARDS

MIL-STD-882E System Safety Program Requirements

MIL-STD-1472G Human Engineering Design Criteria for Military Systems, Equipment and Facilities

MIL-STD-1275E Characteristics of 28 Volt DC Electrical System in Military Vehicles

FED-STD-595C Colors Used in Government Procurement

STANAG 4694 NATO Accessory Rail

HANDBOOKS

DoD-HDBK-743A Anthropometry of U.S. Military Personnel

MIL-HDBK-454B General Guidelines for Electronic Equipment

MIL-HDBK-781A Reliability Test Methods, Plans, and Environments for Engineering, Development Qualification, and Production

2.2.2 Other Government Documents, Drawings, and Publications. The following other Government documents, drawings, and publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract

DRAWINGS

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

(Drawings with a * behind them are labeled with a Distribution D and/or International Traffic in Arms Regulations restrictions. Copies of these documents are available upon request from Marine Corps Systems Command, Product Manager for Tank Systems, provided the requestor meets the necessary requirements to receive these restricted documents).

2.3 Non-Government Publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of the documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

(Copies of these documents are available online at www.astm.org or ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.)

2.4 Order of Precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract, in the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.

REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Item Definition

The Abrams Integrated Display and Targeting System (AIDATS) is an upgrade to the current Thermal Sight Module (TSM) and Display Control Module (DCM) for the Stabilized Commander’s Weapon Station (SCWS) on the United States Marines Corps (USMC) M1A1 Main Battle Tank (MBT). AIDATS will be the primary interface between the Tank Commander (TC) and his weapon system (SCWS). The AIDATS system is defined as a color day camera, thermal sight, system display/processor, power filter module, software/firmware, along with associated components, spares and repair parts, platform integration and data. AIDATS shall provide the TC a fixed system display that shall enable him to remain safely under armor while employing his weapon system. The system display, power filter module, and required cabling shall be integrated into the interior of the M1A1 turret in front of the TC position in a manner that shall not be impacted by simultaneous movement of the tank turret and TC cupola. The color day camera, thermal sight and required cabling shall be mounted on the exterior portion of the M1A1 and shall be attached to the SCWS. AIDATS shall not degrade the function of the SCWS or impede other M1A1 MBT crew functions.

Power for the AIDATS system shall be provided from the cable assembly 1W215-M J1 connector. At a minimum the AIDATS shall accept two auxiliary video sources inputs, one is designated for the Firepower Enhancement Program (FEP) Thermal Imaging System (TIS) video and the second is a spare for potential future growth. The imagery displayed on the AIDATS is provided at the turret wall as video out. Stadiameteric reticles for the selected weapon, either M48 or M240, are displayed in the thermal and day camera imagery. Operator controls are provided to operate, boresight, and maintain the AIDATS. Figure 1 highlights a notional layout of the AIDATS.

Figure 1: AIDATS Layout

0. Performance

3.2.1 System Performance

Modes of Operation Off The system shall have an on/off knob. When in the off mode, the system shall not be operational. The display shall be dark. Power shall be applied to those display components necessary to energize the heater if one is used.

On Once the AIDATS is turned on, the display, electronics, and color day camera shall power up and display a fully operational image with reticle in less than 10 seconds at temperatures from 0 degrees Celsius to the maximum operating temperature. Once the AIDATS is turned on, the display, electronics, and color day camera shall power up and display a fully operational image with reticle in less than 60 seconds at temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius to the minimum operating temperature. The thermal sight shall power up and provide a fully operational image with reticle in less than 60 seconds (Threshold (T)) over the full operating temperature range, 10 seconds (Objective (O)) at temperatures above 0 degrees Celsius to the maximum operating temperature. The day camera imagery shall be the default imagery that is displayed when the system is first powered up.

Target Acquisition Ranges Thermal Sight Target Acquisition Ranges The system shall provide thermal target acquisition ranges, during vehicle stationary (engine off) operations as defined in Table 1.

Table 1: Thermal Stationary Target Acquisition Ranges

Range (Moderate Weather) Threshold Range (Moderate Weather) Objective

Notes:

a. The standard vehicle target is a stationary ground (overwatch) vehicle, frontal view, 2.3 x 2.3 meters in size, with a Root Summed Squared (RSS) target-to-background temperature difference (T) of 1.25 degrees Celsius within the ambient temperature limits of -10 degrees Celsius to +45 degrees Celsius and the scene contrast temperature shall be 3.75 degrees Celsius for this temperature range. The T is increased from 1.25 degrees Celsius to 3.50 degrees outside this temperature range and the scene contrast temperature shall be 5.5 degrees Celsius.

b. The probability of detection and identification shall be 0.70 for moderate weather conditions. The V50 numbers used for a vehicle target shall be 2.7 for detection and 20 for identification.

c. The atmospheric transmission shall be given in Table 2 below using the Long Wave Infrared (LWIR) column. The turbulence level is defined as CN2 value of 1.0 x 10-15

d. Analysis shall be conducted without considering e-zoom or automatic pixel integration.

e. The display average brightness shall be 20 foot-Lamberts.

f. The viewing distance from the display shall be between 3 to 19 inches.

g. The level of jitter for modeling shall be zero.

Table 2. Moderate Weather Conditions

Day Camera Target Acquisition Ranges The system shall provide day target acquisition ranges during vehicle stationary (engine off) operations as defined in Table 3.

Table 3: Day Stationary Target Acquisition Ranges

Range (Moderate Weather) Threshold Range (Moderate Weather) Objective

Notes:

1. The standard vehicle target is a stationary ground (overwatch) vehicle, frontal view, 2.3 x 2.3 meters in size

1. The probability of detection and identification shall be 0.70 for moderate weather conditions. The V50 numbers used for a vehicle target shall be 2.7 for detection and 20 for identification.

1. The target shall have a 40% intrinsic reflectivity, contrasted against a background which shall a 20% intrinsic reflectivity. This spectrum is applicable for wavelengths within the range of 0.4 m to 2.0 m.

1. The atmospheric transmission shall be as given in table 2 above for the best match to the color TV spectral bandpass. The turbulence level is defined as CN2 value of 1.0 x 10 -15. The sky to ground ratio (S/G) shall be 3.0.

1. Display average brightness shall be 20 foot-Lamberts.

1. Analysis shall be conducted without considering e-zoom or automatic pixel integration.

1. The viewing distance from the display shall be between 3 to 19 inches.

1. The level of jitter for modeling shall be zero.

3.2.1.3 Tracer Visibility

3.2.1.3.1 M48

When firing the M48, one tracer round (M20) at a time, the operator shall be able to see the tracer until tracer burn out when viewing either the thermal sight or day camera imagery 90% of the time for either sensor.

3.2.1.3.2 M240

When firing the M240, one tracer round (M62) at a time, the operator shall be able to see the tracer until tracer burn out when viewing either the thermal sight or day camera imagery 90% of the time for either sensor.

0. System Latency The AIDATS total system latency, from viewing an event thru the thermal sight or day camera, to appearance on the display shall not exceed 70 milliseconds.

Video Switching The system shall be able to switch between video signals in less than 0.2 seconds (T), 0.05 seconds (O).

Video Display When switching between video inputs, if the video input is not active, then the system shall automatically switch to the next active video input.

Field of View (FOV) FOV Switch Time When switching between FOVs of the thermal sight, the FOV switch time and display of the imagery shall be less than 0.85 seconds (T), 0.1 seconds (O). When switching between FOVs of the color day camera, the FOV switch time and display of imagery shall be less than 0.85 seconds (T), 0.1 (O) seconds.

3.2.1.7.2 FOV Match

When switching between the video signals of the thermal sight and the day camera the FOV of each sensor shall be in the same FOV position.

Boresight Alignment Boresight Adjustments The system shall provide the capability for the operator to independently boresight the Line Of Sight (LOS) of both the thermal sight and the day camera with each weapon aim point (M48 and M240) while each sensor is in the Narrow Field Of View (NFOV).

Coarse Adjustment Thermal Sight There shall be mechanical adjustments for the thermal sight to coarsely align the sight to the weapon boresight in elevation and azimuth. The maximum excursion of this mechanical boresight (coarse adjustment) shall be ±15.0 milliradians in elevation and ±15.0 milliradians in azimuth.

Coarse Adjustment Day Camera There shall be mechanical adjustments for the day camera to coarsely align the camera to the weapon boresight in elevation and azimuth. The maximum excursion of this mechanical boresight (coarse adjustment) shall be ±15.0 milliradians in elevation and ±15.0 milliradians in azimuth.

Fine Adjustment Thermal Sight The system shall provide the capability for the operator to boresight the LOS of the thermal sight with the weapon aim point while in the NFOV. Independent movement in azimuth and elevation shall be provided. The maximum excursion of the electronic boresight (fine) adjustment of the thermal sight reticle shall not allow any part of the reticle to move off the display in azimuth and elevation.

Fine Adjustment Day Camera The system shall provide the capability for the operator to boresight the LOS of the day camera with the weapon aim point while in the NFOV. Independent movement in azimuth and elevation shall be provided. The maximum excursion of the electronic boresight (fine) adjustment of day camera reticle shall not allow any part of the reticle to move off the display in azimuth and elevation.

Boresight Adjustment Time The system shall allow for boresighting (course and fine) of the system (thermal sight and day camera) to be conducted in less than 30 minutes (T), 10 minutes (O).

Boresight Retention The thermal sight and day camera boresight retention shall be ≤ 1.0 milliradians after 24 hours (T) of tactical operation, 72 hours (O). This shall be maintained even after a system powers off and on.

Symbology The system shall generate the following minimum set of symbology for display on both the thermal and color day imagery. The symbology color shall match the reticle color of 3.2.1.10.4.

a. Focus drive direction indicator

b. Focus limit reached indicator

c. Weapon type

d. Reticles

e. System failures

f. Video source (excluding auxiliary inputs)

g. Menu

h. Aperodic calibration notification (Thermal Only)

i. Show the orientation of the SCWS weapon to the main gun (O).

j. Round Counter (O).

k. Range data from the Small Tactical Optical Rifle Mounted Micro Laser Range Finder (STORM SLX) (O).

Symbology Location The symbology shall be located as described below, see figure 2 (for guidance) for locations.

a. Focus drive direction indicator (upper left hand corner) – FAR or NEAR

b. Focus limit reached indicator (upper left hand corner) - LIMIT

c. Weapon type (upper center) – 50 CAL METERS or M240 METERS

d. System failures(lower right) - FAIL

e. Video source (upper right corner) – THERM or DAY

f. Menu (see figure 2 for order)

g. Aperiodic calibration notification (upper right corner) - NUC

h. Weapon Relationship (upper left hand corner) (O)

i. Round Counter (upper center) - (Below Weapon type) (O)

j. Range data (lower center) (O)

Figure 2. Symbology

3.2.1.10 Reticles

The operator shall be able to select between the M48 and M240 weapons through the system menu resulting in the display of the selected weapon’s stadiameteric reticle.

3.2.1.10.1 50 Cal Reticle NFOV The system shall provide the stadia reticle shown in figure 3 when the M48 weapon is selected. The reticle line thickness shall be two pixels.

Figure 3: 50 Cal Reticle

3.2.1.10.2 M240 Reticle NFOV

The system shall provide the stadia reticle shown in figure 4 when the M240 weapon is selected. The reticle line thickness shall be two pixels.

Figure 4: M240 Reticle

3.2.1.10.3 Wide Field of View Reticle

The system shall provide the reticle shown in Figure 5 when in the WFOV. The outer box indicates the NFOV of the sight.

Figure 5 WFOV Reticle

3.2.1.10.4 Reticle Color

The thermal sight reticle shall automatically switch to white when the thermal sight is in black hot and automatically switch to black when the thermal polarity is changed to white hot. The day reticle shall automatically switch to white when the scene imagery is predominately dark. The day reticle shall automatically switch to black when the scene imagery is predominately light. The system through the Menu shall allow the user to manually vary the thermal sight and the day camera reticles from black to white and vice versa. The system shall then stay in the manual reticle mode until the operator goes back into the Menu and switches to automatic or power is turned off.

3.2.1.10.5 Reticle Brightness

The operator through the Menu shall have the ability to adjust the brightness of the reticle whether it is black or white. The operator shall not be able to completely turn the reticle off.

3.2.1.11 Operator Controls

The display shall provide the means to perform the following function;

a. Turn the system On/Off and Control display brightness.

b. Select video source – Day Camera, thermal sight, FEP video, and other auxiliary video input (s).

c. Command a focus change – Far/Near.

d. Command a polarity change of the thermal sight – White Hot / Black Hot.

e. Maneuver through the system menu. Menu items shall include (at a minimum) reticle, boresight, weapon select, Aperiodic calibration, BIT results, and maintenance.

f. Command a Field of View (FOV) change – WFOV/NFOV

g. Command an electronic zoom of the thermal sight and day camera.

h. Command the STORM SLX (range, first/last return, infrared aiming laser, and visible aiming laser) (O).

0. Operator Interference The AIDATS shall not physically interfere with other vehicle controls, equipment, gunner’s head movement, crew ingress/egress or normal operations of the USMC M1A1.

0. Weapon Interference The AIDATS shall not interfere with the mounting, installation, removal, barrel replacement, loading, unjamming, or operation of the weapons (M48 and M240) mounted on the SCWS.

0.0.0.3 Lighted Indicators.

The system shall provide at least two lighted indicators. The lighted indicators shall have cover(s).

a. Illumination indicating receiving power from the PFM or 1W215-M J1 cable assembly (11023F1031).

b. Illumination indicating proper generation of power to the thermal sight and day camera.

Round Counter (Objective (O)) The system should have the capability to count the number of 50-cal rounds fired. The accuracy of the round counter shall be +/- 5 rounds for every 100 rounds fired. The operator shall have the ability through the menu function to set the initial number of rounds.

3.2.1.16 SCWS Orientation (O)

The system should have the capability to provide the SCWS weapon orientation to the main gun.

3.2.1.17 Control of the STORM SLX (O)

The system should have the capability to interface with the STORM SLX. The operator shall be able to fire the rangefinder, turn on/off the visible aiming laser, turn on/off the infrared aiming laser, set the power setting on the infrared aiming laser, and set the power setting on the infrared illumination laser.

Functional Performance Thermal Sight

3.2.2.1.1 Thermal Sight Field of View

The thermal system shall have a narrow optical Field of View (FOV) of no less than 5 degrees in azimuth and no less than 2.81 degrees in elevation. The thermal system shall have a wide optical FOV of no less than 15 degrees in azimuth and no less than 8.44 degrees in elevation.

3. Focus Thermal NFOV Focus Range The thermal sight NFOV shall focus on targets from at least 30 meters to infinity. Automatic focus shall not be provided.

Thermal WFOV Focus Range The thermal sight WFOV shall focus on targets from at least 10 meters to infinity. Automatic focus shall not be provided.

3.2.2.1.2.3 Thermal Focus Retention

After initial focus is set in either the NFOV or WFOV, the focus settings shall be retained when switching FOVs. If the operator subsequently refocuses in either FOV it shall not impact the focus in the other FOV.

3.2.2.1.2.4 Thermal Focus Operation

The system shall include electronic limits to prevent the operator from driving the mechanism into its mechanical limits.

3.2.2.1.2.5 Thermal Focus Speed

Two speeds shall be provided;

a. Initial focus command shall drive focus at a speed permitting the operator to optimize focus on a selected target without overshooting. A continuous focus command shall drive at this speed from 3.75 to 4.25 seconds.

b. Focusing from the near to far limits or vice versa shall take less than or equal to 12 seconds.

Image Alignment

3.2.2.1.3.1 Thermal Sight NFOV Image Alignment

The image of the horizontal target (relative to the reference mounting plane) shall be aligned parallel to the edge of the horizontal FOV within + 4.5 milliradians. The image of the vertical target line shall be parallel to the edge of the vertical FOV within ± 10.5 milliradians in elevation.

3.2.2.1.3.2 Thermal Sight WFOV Image Alignment.

The image of the horizontal target (relative to the reference mounting plane) shall be aligned parallel to the edge of the horizontal FOV within + 4.5 milliradians. The image of the vertical target line shall be parallel to the edge of the vertical FOV within ± 10.5 milliradians in elevation.

3.2.2.1.3.3 Thermal Sight NFOV Alignment Retention

The NFOV optical axis shall maintain its alignment relative to the reference mounting plane over a ±20°C temperature variation to within ± 0.5 milliradians after exposure to the environments of vibration, basic shock, and gun firing shock.

3.2.2.1.3.4 Thermal Sight WFOV Alignment Retention.

The WFOV optical axis shall maintain its alignment relative to the reference mounting plane over a ±20° C temperature variation to within ±2.0 milliradians after exposure to the environments of vibration, basic shock, and gun firing shock.

3.2.2.1.4 Effects of the Sun in the Field of View (FOV) System Operating The thermal sight shall not exhibit permanent degradation or damage resulting from the effects of the sun in the FOV for solar angles of less than 20 degrees to the horizon when the sun is allowed to track across the FOV of the stationary thermal sight. Temporary latent images are permissible provided they are capable of being adjusted out by performing a calibration after a 24 hour period from exposure.

3.2.2.1.5 Effects of the Sun in the Field of View (FOV) System Non-Operating The thermal sight shall withstand exposure to the sun when it is non-operating with the lens cover removed. No degradation or damage resulting from the effects of the sun in the FOV for any solar angles when the sun is allowed to track across the FOV of the stationary thermal sight shall occur.

3. Polarity The thermal system shall have the capability of reversing the polarity of the thermal video between hot (white-hot) or cold (black-hot) targets with no adjustment required by the operator to optimize the thermal image. When switching between polarities the operator shall not lose the operational image.

0.0.0.3.2 Optical/Electronic Zoom

The system shall provide an optical/electronic zoom for the thermal image when it is in the NFOV. The optical/electronic zoom horizontal FOV shall be no less than 3.55 degrees and no more than 4.00 degrees. The zoomed FOV for the 50 Cal reticle shall be centered on the 1000 meter center line position. The zoomed FOV for the M240 Cal reticle shall be centered on the 700 meter center line position. The optical/electronic zoom thermal image shall retain the same aspect ratio of the NFOV. The zoom algorithm shall have a quality at least equal to bilinear interpolation.

0.0.0.3.3 Muzzle Flash Effects

The thermal sight shall return to a fully operational image within 2.0 seconds (T), 0.5 seconds (O) after the last round has been fired when firing a 10 round burst from the M48. The thermal sight shall return to fully operational image within 2.0 seconds (T), 0.5 seconds (O) after the last round has been fired when firing a 10 round burst from the M240. The thermal sight shall return to a fully operational image within 3.0 seconds (T), 1.0 seconds (O) when imaging the firing of the main gun.

0.0.0.3.4 Lens Cover

The thermal sight shall have an attached lens cover to protect the main objective lens. The lens cover shall be manually removed and installed. When removed the lens cover shall be stored such that it does not interfere with the FOVs. In the stored position the cover shall remain in the stored position during SCWS weapon firing and main gun weapon firing.

Thermal Sight Calibration Periodic The periodic calibration of the thermal sight shall not interrupt the thermal video for greater than 1.0 second. The thermal sight shall not require a calibration for at least 15 minutes after a calibration is performed. The thermal sight shall perform an automatic calibration when the video source is switched from the thermal imagery.

Aperiodic If the thermal sight requires an aperiodic calibration the operator shall be notified. Once the operator commands a calibration (by changing the video source) the thermal video shall not be interrupted for greater than 10 seconds.

Frame Rate The thermal sight shall have a frame rate of 30 frames per second or greater.

3.2.2.1.12 Image Processing Function

All thermal sight image processing functions shall be performed internal to the thermal sight assembly.

3.2.2.1.12.1 Automatic Gain Control/Automatic Level Control

The thermal sight shall have Automatic Gain Control/Automatic Level Control (AGC/ALC). AGC/ALC signal processing shall be active at all times. The AGC/ALC shall cover the whole image displayed.

3.2.2.1.12.2 Advanced Signal Processing

In addition to the AGC/ALC the thermal sight shall have advanced signal processing. The advanced signal processing shall enhance image detail by optimizing the displayed dynamic range. Advanced signal processing shall be active at all times.

3.2.2.1.12.3 Automatic Pixel Integration (API) (O)

The thermal sight should have API. If incorporated the API shall be active at all times. The thermal sight shall not have frame integration.

3. Focal Plane Array (FPA) For the purpose of determining an acceptable number of defective pixels, the total area of the FPA shall be divided into 4 regions as defined in Figure 6.

Figure 6. FPA Operability Regions Six categories of defects have been defined and described below. There shall be no defect clusters within the FPA larger than Type 4. Acceptable defects for each region are defined in Table 4.

a. Total Percentage - The Total Percentage category is defined as the percentage of the number of defective pixels in a region as compared to total number of pixels in that region.

b. Row/Column Outage - The Row/Column Outage category is defined as an entire row or column, which is deselected due to an excess of defective pixels.

c. Type 1 Cluster - The Type 1 Cluster category is defined as any grouping of 2-3 adjacent pixels*.

d. Type 2 Cluster - The Type 2 Cluster category is defined as any grouping of 4-5 adjacent pixels*.

e. Type 3 Cluster - The Type 3 Cluster category is defined as any grouping of 6-12 adjacent pixels*.

f. Type 4 Cluster - The Type 4 Cluster category is defined as any grouping of 13-20 adjacent pixels*.

* An adjacent pixel is any pixel contiguous horizontally, vertically, or diagonally to another pixel.

Table 4 FPA Allowable Defects

Thermal Sight Video Output The thermal sight shall have one digital output. The output shall be Digital Visual Interface (DVI) or High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI).

3.2.2.1.15 Data Port

The thermal sight shall communicate with the display through a RS232 or RS422 port.

3.2.2.1.16 Purge Port

The thermal sight shall have a purge port that interfaces with the Fire Control Purge Kit (SL-3-08460A). The location of the purge port shall allow the maintainer to purge and charge the thermal sight while it is mounted on the SCWS.

3.2.2.1.17 Optical Coating

The thermal sight external optical window shall use anti-reflective coatings.

Color Day Camera Field of View The day camera shall have a narrow optical Field of View (FOV) of no less than 5 degrees in azimuth and no less than 2.81 degrees in elevation. The day camera shall have a wide FOV of no less than 15 degrees in azimuth and no less than 8.44 degrees in elevation.

3.2.3.2 Fields of View Between Cameras

The narrow horizontal FOV of the day camera shall be within +2 degrees of the narrow horizontal FOV of the thermal systems (T). The wide horizontal FOV of the day camera shall be within +2 degrees of the wide horizontal FOV of the thermal systems (T). The narrow horizontal FOV of the day camera shall be within +0.5 degrees of the narrow horizontal FOV of the thermal systems (O). The wide horizontal FOV of the day camera shall be within +0.5 degrees of the wide horizontal FOV of the thermal systems (O).

3.2.3.3 Number of Fields of View

The day camera shall have the same number of FOVs as the thermal sight.

0. Focus

3.2.3.4.1 Day NFOV Focus Range

The day camera NFOV shall focus on targets from at least 30 meters to infinity. Automatic focus shall not be provided.

4. Day WFOV Focus Range The day camera WFOV shall focus on targets from at least 10 meters to infinity. Automatic focus shall not be provided.

3.2.3.4.3 Day Focus Retention

After focusing on objects in the NFOV and WFOV those focus settings shall be retained when switching FOVs. If the operator subsequently refocuses in either FOV it shall not impact the focus in the other FOV.

3.2.3.4.4 Day Focus Operation

The system shall include electronic limits to prevent the operator from driving the mechanism into its mechanical limits.

3.2.3.4.5 Day Focus Speed

Two speeds shall be provided;

a. Initial focus command shall drive focus at a speed permitting the operator to optimize focus on a selected target without overshooting. A continuous focus command shall drive at this speed from 3.75 to 4.25 seconds.

b. Focusing from the near to far limits or vice versa shall take less than or equal to 12 seconds.

0. Image Alignment

3.2.3.5.1 Day Camera NFOV Image Alignment

The image of the horizontal target (relative to the reference mounting plane) shall be aligned parallel to the edge of the horizontal FOV within + 4.5 milliradians. The image of the vertical target line shall be parallel to the edge of the vertical FOV within ± 10.5 milliradians in elevation.

3.2.3.5.2 Day Camera WFOV Image Alignment.

The image of the horizontal target (relative to the reference mounting plane) shall be aligned parallel to the edge of the horizontal FOV within + 4.5 milliradians. The image of the vertical target line shall be parallel to the edge of the vertical FOV within ± 10.5 milliradians in elevation.

3.2.3.5.3 Day Camera NFOV Alignment Retention

The NFOV optical axis shall maintain its alignment relative to the reference mounting plane over a ± 20°C temperature variation to within ± 0.5 milliradians after exposure to the environments of vibration, basic shock, and gun firing shock.

3.2.3.5.4 Day Camera WFOV Alignment Retention.

The WFOV optical axis shall maintain its alignment relative to the reference mounting plane over a ± 20° C temperature variation to within ± 2.0 milliradians after exposure to the environments of vibration, basic shock, and gun firing shock

0. Optical/Electronic Zoom The system shall provide an optical/electronic zoom for the day camera image when it is in the NFOV. The optical/electronic zoom horizontal FOV shall be no less than 3.55 degrees and no greater than 4.00 degrees. The zoomed FOV for the 50 Cal reticle shall be centered on the 1000 meter center line position. The zoomed FOV for the M240 Cal reticle shall be centered on the 700 meter center line position. The optical/electronic zoom thermal image shall retain the same aspect ratio of the NFOV. The zoom algorithm shall have a quality at least equal to bilinear interpolation.

0. Muzzle Flash Effects The day camera shall return a to fully operational image within 2.0 seconds (T), 0.5 seconds (O) after the last round has been fired when firing a 10 round burst from the M48. The day camera shall return a to fully operational image within 2.0 seconds (T), 0.5 seconds (O) after the last round has been fired when firing a 10 round burst from the M240. The day camera shall return to a fully operational image within 3.0 seconds (T), 1.0 seconds (O) when imaging the firing of the main gun.

0. Lens Cover The day camera shall have an attached lens cover to protect the main objective lens. The lens cover shall be manually removed and installed. When removed the lens cover shall be stored such that it does not interfere with the FOVs. In the stored position the cover shall remain in the stored position during SCWS weapon firing and main gun weapon firing.

0. Frame Rate The day camera shall have a frame rate of 30 frames per second or greater.

3.2.3.10 Image Processing Functions

All day camera image processing functions shall be performed internal to the day sight assembly.

3.2.3.10. 1 Onboard Processing Capabilities The day camera shall, at a minimum have the following onboard processing capability:

a. Automatic level control (ALC).

b. Automatic color/white balance.

c. Automatic iris control.

d. Automatic exposure control.

3.2.3.10.2 Infrared Pointer (O)

The day camera should have the ability to see the infrared pointer operating in the wavelength 820 – 860 nm.

3.2.3.10.3 Automatic Pixel Integration (API) (O)

The day camera should have API. If incorporated the API shall be active at all times. The day camera shall not have frame integration.

0. Color Depth The day camera shall provide a color video signal with a bit depth of 8 bits or greater.

0. Day Camera Video Output The day camera shall have one digital output. The output shall be DVI or HDMI.

3.2.3.13 Data Port

The day camera shall communicate with the display through a RS232 or RS422 port.

3.2.3.14 Purge Port

The day camera shall have a purge port that interfaces with the Fire Control Purging Kit (SL-3-08460A). The location of the purge port shall allow the maintainer to purge and charge the day camera while it is still mounted on the SCWS.

3.2.3.15 Effects of the Sun in the Field of View (FOV) System Operating The day camera shall not exhibit permanent degradation or damage resulting from the effects of the sun in the FOV for solar angles of less than 65 degrees to the horizon when the sun is allowed to track across the FOV of the stationary day camera.

3.2.3.16 Effects of the Sun in the Field of View (FOV) System Non-Operating The day camera shall withstand exposure to the sun when it is non-operating with the lens cover removed. No degradation or damage resulting from the effects of the sun in the FOV for any solar angles when the sun is allowed to track across the FOV of the stationary day camera shall occur.

3.2.3.17 Optical Coating

The color day camera external optical window shall use anti-reflective coatings.

3.2.3.18 STORM SLX Mounting

The color day camera shall have a STANAG 4694 rail interface system on the top or the right hand side (when viewed from the rear of the color day camera). The rail interface system shall be capable of mounting a STORM SLX.

Display

3.2.4.1 Not Used

3.2.4.2 Display Color Depth

The display shall provide a color bit depth of 8 bits or greater.

3.2.4.3 Display Size

The display overall dimensions shall not exceed those highlighted in figure 7. The display shall be a flat panel screen with a minimum of a 6.4 inch viewing diagonal.

Figure 7

3.2.4.4 Brightness

The display shall have an independent variable brightness control, which adjusts the display between .005 and at least 200 foot-lamberts.

3.2.4.5 Resolution

The display shall have a minimum resolution of 1024 x 768 (XGA).

3.2.4.6 Controls

The following four controls (T) / five controls (O) (buttons) shall be on the left hand side of the display as the operator views it;

a. Select video source.

b. Command a polarity change of the thermal sight.

c. Command a FOV change.

d. Command an electronic zoom of the thermal sight and day camera.

e. Command a laser rangefinder fire (O).

The additional controls for On/Off/Display Brightness, Focus, and menu functions shall not be on the left hand side of the display. All the additional controls for the STORM SLX shall be incorporated into the menu function. All the controls shall be distinguished from each other by sight. The four (T)/five (O) controls on the left hand side of the display shall provide tactile feedback to the operator that activation has occurred.

3.2.4.7 Effects of the Sun on the Display

The display shall withstand exposure to the sun when it is operating or non-operating without any cover. There shall be no degradation or damage resulting from the effects of the sun in the display for any solar angles when the sun is allowed to track across the display.

0. Electronic Outputs/Inputs

3.2.4.8.1 Display Video Inputs

The display shall accept, at a minimum, four video inputs. One input shall be digital for the thermal sight (DVI or HDMI). One input shall be digital for the day camera (DVI or HDMI). One input shall be provided in EIA-STD-RS-170 525 line format video for the FEP Thermal receiver (see PE73534 for connector). Additionally, the display shall have one digital (DVI or HDMI) for future growth. All inputs shall be mounted on the back side of the display.

12. Display Output The display shall have one digital video output (DVI or HDMI). The video output shall output the selected imagery and symbology that is displayed on the AIDATS display. The output shall be mounted on the back side of the display.

Additional Connectors The display shall have one RS422 or RS232 connector beyond any necessary connectors for the thermal sight and day camera control. The display should have two additional spare RS232 ports for weapon orientation and STORM SLX controls if needed. All connectors shall be mounted on the back side of the display

Interface

Input Voltages Unless modified, the system shall operate as specified herein with main vehicle power applied in accordance with MIL-STD-1275E and drawing 12347457. Normal input voltage range shall be from 18 to 30 Vdc.

3.3.1.1 Abnormal Input Voltages

The system shall recover to full specification performance after being subjected to input voltages beyond the normal voltage range in accordance with drawing 12347457.

0. Voltage Transients The system shall recover to its full normal specification performance within 15 seconds of cessation of transient voltage above 30V or below 18V. Transients shall be limited to the voltage levels and time duration defined in drawing 12347457, Figure 1, curves A and B.

0. Input Current The system shall not draw more than 3 Amperes under steady state conditions and shall not exceed 4 Amps peak.

0. Mounting

3.3.2.1 Thermal Sight Mounting

The thermal sight shall be mounted on the equilibrator bracket (drawing 13052895) of the SCWS.

1. Color Day Camera Mounting The color day camera/bracket shall be mounted on cradle axel (drawing 13048684). The cradle axel mounts to the sensor interface, which is the responsibility of the Government. The sensor interface drawing (13048674) is provided for information. A Government design that mounts to the cradle axel is provided for informational purposes, (drawing 13048670).

1. Display Mounting The AIDATS display shall be mounted in a fixed position in front of the TC. The display shall be mounted above the Gunner’s Primary Sight Extension (GPSE) on a display mounting bracket. The display mounting bracket shall mount to the M1A1 turret internal ceiling. The display mounting bracket shall replace the existing bracket (drawing 12437340). The display mounting bracket shall use the exact same two mounting holes dimensions as identified on drawing 12437340.

1. Power Filter Module Mounting If the PFM is not incorporated into the display, then it shall be mounted onto the back side of the BFT mount. The BFT mount drawing (12522327) is provided for informational purposes.

3.3.2.4.1 Power Filter Module Size

The PFM overall dimensions shall not exceed those highlighted in figure 8. The 5 inch maximum length dimension does not include the input and output power connectors.

Figure 8.

0. SCWS

1. Commander's Unity Vision The system shall not impede unity vision in the closed-hatch mode when the SCWS is at zero degrees elevation.

1. Weapon Station Field of Regard/Excursion Limits AIDATS shall not disrupt the SCWS from elevating thru its full range of +65 to -10 degrees.

1. External Sight The system shall not interfere with the operator’s view of the SCWS fixed sight (crosshairs).

Physical Characteristics

Height When the system is installed on the tank, the highest point of AIDATS shall not exceed 5 inches above the equilibrator bracket (13052895) when the SCWS is at 0 degrees elevation.

Weight Thermal Sight The thermal sight package (including thermal sight, sight housing, and mounting solution) shall not exceed 8.0 lbs.

Day Camera The day camera package (including day camera, camera housing, and mounting solution) shall not exceed 6.5 lbs.

3.5.2.3 Not Used

Paint The system internal mounting components, excluding harnesses and display, shall be painted white per chip 17925 of FED-STD-595C.

The system external components, excluding harnesses, shall be painted desert sand per chip 33446 of FED-STD-595C or green per chip 34094 of FED-STD-595C.

Environmental Conditions The system shall operate under the environmental conditions specified herein. The conditions may occur singly or in any natural combination thereof. The system shall meet the performance characteristics of this document during exposure to those environments designated as operating. The system shall not be damaged nor its performance impaired after exposure to those environments designated as non-operating. For requirements applicable to storage and transportation, the system components are to be protected by shipping/storage containers.

Temperature Operating Temperature The system shall fully operate during and after exposure to temperatures in the range of -25°F to +140°F.

Storage Temperature The system shall operate to its full performance characteristics before and after exposure to temperatures in the range of -60°F to +160°F.

Vibration Sinusoidal Vibration The system shall fully operate after subjection to sinusoidal vibrations in accordance with Table 5 in each of the three mutually perpendicular axes as shown in Figure 9. The vibration shall consist of a logarithmic sweep rate of 15 minutes per sweep cycle from 5 to 500 Hz.

Figure 9: Tank Axes

Table 5: Sinusoidal Vibration Inputs

Random Vibration The system shall fully operate after subjection to random vibrations in accordance with Table 6 for the thermal sight and day camera and Table 7 for the display unit and any other interior mounted equipment in each of the three mutually perpendicular axes.

Table 6: Random Vibration External

Table 7: Random Vibration Interior

Shock Basic Shock The system shall fully operate during and after exposure to shock impulses of 30 ±3g with 11.0±1.1 milliseconds half-sine wave applied in each direction of three mutually perpendicular axes.

Gun Firing Shock The system shall fully operate during and after exposure to peak, half-sine wave, shock pulses, as specified in Table 8, applied in each direction of three mutually perpendicular axes.

Table 8: Gun Firing Shock

Operational Ballistic Shock The system shall fully operate during and after exposure to the operational ballistic shock half-sine wave impulses, specified in Table 9, applied in each direction of the three mutually perpendicular axes as shown in Figure 7.

Non-operational Ballistic Shock The AIDATS components mounted inside the turret compartment, as installed in the vehicle, shall not become secondary projectiles after exposure to the non-operational ballistic shock event defined in Table 9.

Table 9: Ballistic Shock

SCWS Weapon Firing Shock The thermal and day cameras and other externally mounted equipment shall fully operate during and after exposure to shock response spectra as defined in Table 10 below.

Table 10: SCWS Weapon Firing Shock

Altitude The system shall meet the requirements of this specification during exposure at altitudes between 1330 feet below sea level and 15,000 feet above sea level, and after non-operational exposure to altitudes of up to 50,000 feet above sea level for durations up to 4 hours.

Humidity The system shall meet its full performance requirements without performance or physical degradation while operating in ambient relative humidity of up to 100 percent under climatic design types hot, basic and cold, including all daily cycles as defined in AR 70-38.

Cleaning Spray The system, when installed in an appropriate enclosure, shall not be damaged by, and shall meet the performance requirements of this specification after exposure to a jet spray of tap water with a maximum nozzle pressure of 110 psi for all items exterior to the turret.

Fungus The AIDATS (free of all salt residues) shall neither support fungal growth nor suffer damage or degradation of performance caused by the presence of fungus spores or adjacent fungal growth.

Salt Fog The system, subsystem or equipment shall meet its full performance requirements, without degradation, and show no evidence of damage after exposure to a 5% aqueous salt.

Chemicals The system shall meet the requirements of this specification after exposure to vapors on and in direct contact with the following materials:

a. Fuel per A-A-52557A (fuel oil diesel)

b. MIL-DTL-5624V (grade JP-4 and JP-5)

c. MIL-DTL-83133H (grade JP-8)

d. ASTM-D-1655 (F-24 Turbine Fuel)

e. Hydraulic fluid per MIL-PRF-46170

f. Cleaning fluid per A-A-59133B

Sand The system, externally mounted subsystem or externally mounted equipment shall meet its full performance requirements without performance or physical degradation after exposure to 0.3 to 0.5 grams per cubic foot (g/ft3) blowing silica sand from 0.01mm to 1mm in diameter, at a velocity of no less than 15 meters per second (m/s). The thermal sight and day camera shall have their lens covers on during exposure to meet this requirement.

Dust The system, external subsystems or external equipment shall meet their full performance requirements without performance or physical degradation after exposure to 6 x 10-9gm/cm3 silica flour dust from 0.0001mm to 0.01mm in diameter blowing at a velocity of no less than 18 m/s. The thermal sight and day camera shall have their lens covers on during exposure to meet this requirement.

NBC Decontamination The system shall be able to be decontaminated as identified in Appendix A – Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Contamination Survivability Criteria.

NBC Overpressure Integration of AIDATS to the tank shall not compromise the NBC overpressure system of the tank.

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)

Conducted emissions, power leads, 10kHz to 10 MHz Conducted emissions on the assembly’s power leads, including returns, shall not exceed the values of Figure CE 102-1 of MIL STD 461F for the…