ADDENDUM 2 ARFQ DEP 22-11.pdf
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- Attached to
- Addendum #3 OSR Buffalo Coal (C1)
- Solicitation number
- ARFQ 0313 DEP2200000011 4
- Issued by
- Barbour County, West Virginia
About this file
This Addendum 2 document modifies the ARFQ DEP 22-11 solicitation issued by the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) for the Buffalo Coal Treatment Facility Permits project. The addendum publishes vendor questions and responses from the pre-bid conference held on August 24, 2021, clarifications, technical specification revisions, and revised bid schedule items. The project involves constructing an acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment facility with multiple pump stations, clarifiers, directional drilling installations, and associated infrastructure across six permit areas (S-2001-86, S-52-80, S-2003-03, S-53-80, S-2001-87, and S-2011-87). Key modifications include the addition of 80 linear feet of 48-inch HDPE dual wall culverts, replacement of flow meters with a 15-inch Palmer Bowles Flume metering manhole system, approval of Dutchland Inc. as an engineer-approved equal for pre-cast post-tensioned tanks and clarifiers, approval of Ceco Buildings as an engineer-approved equal for steel buildings, and revisions to directional drilling specifications to include 6-inch and 10-inch installations. The engineer's estimate for the project is $10.368 million, with liquidated damages set at $1,000 per day and no escalation clause included. Clearing and grubbing activities must occur between November 16 and March 31 to avoid bat season restrictions, and contractors must acknowledge receipt of all addenda to avoid bid disqualification.
The addendum addresses critical project logistics including road access through Dominion property, snow removal responsibilities managed by WVDEP's contracted service provider, potential winter shutdown periods with spring construction commencement contingent upon notice to proceed issuance, and clarifications on sludge cell reclamation, pond reclamation payments based on before-and-after surveys, and power supply arrangements with individual meters at lift stations. Lump sum payment items require contractors to submit detailed schedules of value with approved percentages for phased payments, and all specifications incorporating new technical sections for portable generators (11-32A), fiberglass metering manholes (12-17), HDPE dual wall corrugated pipe (10-16), and revised pH sensor requirements (12-20). The bid schedule modifications include designating Line Items 39 and 57 as no-bid items, adding three new line items for 6-inch HDPE directional drilling, 10-inch HDPE directional drilling, and 48-inch HDPE dual wall culverts, and replacing previous items with the metering manhole with 15-inch Palmer Bowles Flume. All provisions of the original solicitation remain in effect except where specifically modified by this addendum.
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AGENCY SOLICITATION NUMBER – ARFQ DEP2200000011
Addendum Number: __2__
The Purpose of this addendum is to modify the solicitation identified as (“Agency Solicitation”) to reflect the change(s) identified and described below.
Applicable Addendum Category:
[] Modify bid opening date and time
[X] Modify specification of product or service being sought
[X] Attachment of vendor questions and responses
[X] Attachment of pre-bid sign-in sheet
[] Correction of error
[X] Other
Description of Modification to Solicitation:
This Addendum issued to publish and distribute the attached documentation to the vendor community.
1. Questions & answers
2. Clarifications, notes, & changes
3. Revised specifications
4. Revised Bid Schedule
Additional Documentation: Documentation related to this Addendum (if any) has been included herewith as Attachment A and is specifically incorporated herein by reference.
Terms and Conditions:
1. All provision of the Agency Solicitation and other addenda not modified herein shall remain in full force and effect.
2. Vendor should acknowledge receipt of all addenda issued for this Agency Solicitation by completing an Addendum Acknowledgement, a copy of which is included herewith. Failure to acknowledge addenda may result in bid disqualification. The addendum acknowledgement should be submitted with the bid to expedite document processing.
Addendum #2 Buffalo C1 AMD Treatment Facility
Permits S-2001-86, S-52-80, S-2003-03, S-53-80, S-2001-87
ARFQ DEP 22*11
The following are questions that were identified at the Pre-Bid Conference (PBC) conducted on-site on August 24, 2021, questions provided to the WVDEP Procurement, Project Clarifications, Project Notes, Project changes, Technical Specification Changes, and Project Plan Changes. The answers and clarifications provided herein take precedence over verbal answers at the PBC and previously provided specifications and descriptions provided in the Solicitation should there be any conflicts between the two.
QUESTIONS
Q1. Will Pre-Cast Post Tensioned Tanks be allowed on this project?
A1. Yes, Dutchland Inc has been approved as an Engineer Approved Equal for this project as noted during the pre-construction meeting.
Q2. Will a bidders list or attendance sheet from the pre bid meeting be sent out via addendum?
A2. Yes, the sign in sheet is attached in the addendum.
Q3. Would the department/engineer of record be willing to release a CAD file of the proposed features to be able to see the project as a whole? This CAD file would be solely used for the bid preparation and not for construction purposes.
A3. WVDEP policy is to provide the CAD drawing to the winning bidder at the pre-construction meeting.
Q4. Are all Lump Sum items to be paid at one time?
A4. No, the contractor must provide a schedule of value with the lump sum item broken down in the percentages that the contractor requests to be paid. This schedule of value will be approved by the Engineer/Project Manager.
Q5. In case of bad weather and the roads get snowed in, who takes care of the snow removal?
A5. WVDEP has a contract with a company to keep the roads open.
Q6. Will this job start this spring?
A6. We will do the Notice to Proceed as soon as possible, however, more than likely there will be a winter shutdown (if the contractor asks for a winter shutdown) and most of the construction may start in the spring.
Q7. Is there an escalation clause in this contract?
A7. No.
Q8. What are liquidated damages?
A8. $1000.00 per day.
Q9. What things would be the cause for issuing a time extension?
A9. Items are listed in the standard specifications, but some may be changes due to changes made in the contract, weather days, winter shutdown, etc.
Q10. What is the timeframe to have the clearing and grubbing complete to avoid the bat season?
A10. Clearing and grubbing, tree cutting, etc, must be done from November 16th through March
31st.
Q11. How are trees and brush disposed of?
A11. On the WVDEP permits, you can windrow or stockpile. On Dominion property, you must chip on site or haul it offsite.
Q12. What is the Engineers Estimate?
A12. The Engineers Estimate is $10.368 M.
Q13. Is there any clause for rock excavation?
A13. No, all excavation is considered unclassified excavation.
Q14. Will the line stakeout occur a couple of weeks before the bids are due?
A14. Yes
Q15. Does the road from LS 4 on Dominion, need to be rocked?
A15. No, just leave it in as good or better shape when finished.
Q16. What depth of fill cover is required over the 6” force main where it crosses the stream at the two (2) 48” pipes?
A16. A minimum of 3’ of cover over the pipe.
Q17. Where does the silo on S-52-80 get hauled to?
A17. The silo on 52-80 must be hauled to the T&T silo boneyard outside of Albright WV.
Q18. How does the sludge cell reclamation at S-52-80 get paid?
A18. The sludge cell reclamation gets paid through item 12, Unclassified Excavation.
Q19. What do we do with the water in the sludge cells to be reclaimed at 52-80?
A19. Drain the water into the treatment pond below and cover up the sludge cell.
Q20. How will they bring power to the S-52-80 site?
A20. The power company will bring the power to the site, and we will have a meter at each
Lift station. The Power Company will be supplying the power poles.
Q21. The WV project specs call for o-rings in the manholes, would we consider using mastic?
A21. Yes, WVDEP will allow mastic instead of the o-rings.
Q22. Will pay item for pond reclamation on Permit S-2011-87 be paid based on a before and after survey and paid per cubic yard?
A22. Yes, that is correct, based off the survey and paid through pay item 12, Unclassified
Excavation Permit S-2011-87.
Q23. Do you anticipate using all on-site material for the pond reclamation on S-2011-87?
A23. Yes, the berms can all be pulled in.
Q24. How deep are the ponds on S-2011-87?
A24. 5’ to 6’ deep.
Q25. Will the gravity line be flagged out?
A25. Only the section that had to have a right of way was flagged out.
CLARIFICATIONS, NOTES, AND CHANGES
1. Dominion will cover the cost of guard at the main gate during the project. The contractor will need to notify Dominion prior to any shutdown or extended time away from the site.
2. Any clearing and grubbing on Dominion property will need to be chipped on-site or hauled off site.
3. Dominion asks that, before any work done on their property, the contractor install construction signs that show proper direction to the construction areas, because they also have construction going on in the same areas.
4. When using Dominion roads, please stay in the road and do not get off on the berms.
5. When work starts on Dominion, the Contractor will need to schedule with Dominion and all work should be completed before moving to a different area.
6. All 12” underdrain piping shown on the plans as HDPE, shall be SDR-35 PVC.
7. The road to Lift Station #4 has been deleted and will now be accessed through
Dominion’s property.
8. The old ammonia tank on location at Lift Station # 4, shall have the ends cut off and hauled to the specified site with the other existing tank as shown during pre-bid.
9. Dominion will cover handling the erosion areas at the Lift Station #4 location.
10. 80 LF of 48” dual wall HDPE culverts has been added to the project. See Technical
Specification 10-16 and bid schedule line item 68.
11. Dutchland Incorporated will be accepted as an Engineer Approved Equal for the
Clarifier.
12. Ceco Buildings will be accepted as an Engineer Approved Equal for the steel building.
13. For pricing information, the lift station building will not be more that 50 feet from the wet well.
14. Lift Station Buildings are not to exceed 50 feet from the wet wells.
REVISED SPECIFICATIONS
1. Revised Table of Contents
2. Added Technical Specification 11-32A Portable Generator.
3. Added Technical Specification 12-17 Fiberglass Metering Manhole.
4. Added Technical Specification 10-16 HDPE Dual Wall Corrugated Pipe.
5. Revised Technical Specification 8-0 Directional Drilling to include 6” and 10” drilling.
6. Revised Technical Specification 12-20 pH Sensor
7. Deleted Technical Specification 12-81 pH Sensor from the index.
CLARIFICATIONS ON PLAN SHEETS
1. Drawing WD-2 and PID-2 show flow meters at each lift station, these flow meters will be removed from the project.
2. Drawing WD-1 has a note that says, “A control panel under a shelter”, this note is to be deleted.
3. Drawing WD-1 and WD-2 shows and comments on a control panel to be installed on top of the vault, delete note. Control panel is inside the metal buildings.
4. Drawing WD-4 and Wd-6 show the incoming plant flow meter to be an 8” Mag meter and 6” Mag meter. This has been changed to a 15” Palmer Bowles Flume. See
Technical Specification 12-16 Fiberglass Meter Manhole.
5. Drawing WD-2, Lift Station # 7 (NPW) does not show a Drexelbrook level sensor. A
Drexelbrook level sensor needs to be added to the lift station.
6. Drawing EL-203 and PID-3 show sludge recirculation pump Mag-Meters. These Mag-
Meters will be deleted from this project.
7. Drawing EL-203 and PID-3 show only a primary pH probe in the flash mixer. The flash mixer must have a secondary pH probe. A Secondary pH probe is to be added to the flash mixer in this project.
8. Drawing PID-2 lists the lift station control floats as high alarms. The lift station floats will be low alarms.
REVISED BID SCHEDULE
1. Line Item 39 is now a “No Bid Line Item”
2. Line Item 57 is now a “No Bid Line Item”
3. Line Item 70, 6-Inch HDPE Directional Drilling is replacing Line Item 39.
4. Line Item 71, 10-Inch HDPE Directional Drilling has been added.
5. Line Item 72, 48inch HDPE Dual Wall Culvert has been added.
6. Line Item 73, Metering Manhole with 15 inch Palmer Bowles Flume is replacing Line Item
57.
Buffalo Coal Permits S-2001-86, S-5280, S-2003-03, S-5380, S-2011-87
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION NO. SECTION TITLE
1-0 MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION
2-0 CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT
3-0 QUALITY CONTROL
4-01 SITE PREPARATION
4-02 ACCESS ROADS
4-10 UNCLASSIFIED EXCAVATION
4-11 DEMOLITION
5-0 SEDIMENT CONTROL
5-7 WIRE FENCE AND GATES
6-0 REVEGETATION
7-0 DRAINAGE STRUCTURES
7-06 UNDERDRAINS, CONVEYANCE, AND COLLECTION LINES
8-0 HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
10-0 UTLITIES
10-9 CHECK VALVES
10-10 SLIDE GATES WITH MANUAL OPERATORS
11-01 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS
11-02 ELECTRICAL GENERAL PROVISIONS
11-03 ELECTRICAL WORK INCLUDED
11-04 ELECTRICAL CODES AND FEES
11-05 ELECTRICAL TESTS AND INSPECTIONS
11-06 CONDUITS
11-07 WIRE AND CABLE (600V AND BELOW)
11-08 INSTRUMENTATION CABLE
11-09 COMMUNUICATION CABLE AND EQUIPMENT
11-10 BOXES AND PLATES
11-11 WIRING DEVICES
11-12 MOTOR AND EQUIPMENT WIRING
11-13 MOTOR CONTROL CENTER
11-14 MOTOR STARTERS AND CONTROLS
11-15 VARIALBE FREQUENCY DRIVE
11-17 240-120 VOLT SINGLE PHASE PANELBOARD
11-19 DISCONNECTS
11-20 FUSES
11-21 IDENTIFICATION
11-23 GROUNDING (WIRED SYSTEM)
11-24 DRY TYPE TRANSFORMERS
11-25 LIGHTING FIXTURES
11-26 TRANSIENT VOLTAGE SURGE SUPPRESSION
11-28 INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL SYSTEM GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
i
SECTION NO. SECTION TITLE
11-29 PRIMARY SENSORS AND FIELD INSTRUMENTS
11-30 CONTROL PANELS, ENCLOSURES, & PANEL INSTRUMENTS
11-31 PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLER SYSTEM
11-32 STANDBY ELECTRIC GENERATOR
11-32A PORTABLE ELECTRIC GENERATOR
11-40 FIBER OPTIC ARMORED CABLE & ATTACHMENT A
11-41 TANKLESS ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
11-70 UNIT HEATERS
12-01 CAST IN PLACE CONCRETE
12-02 STRUCTURAL PRECAST CONCRETE
12-03 CONCRETE ADDITIVE
12-04 LIME SILO & TREATMENT SYSTEM
12-05 PRE-ENGINEERED STEEL BUILDING
12-06 HOLLOW METAL DOORS AND FRAMES
12-08 MISCELLANEOUS SPECIALTIES
12-16 JOINT SEALERS
12-17 FIBERGLASS METERING MANHOLE
12-18 PLUMBING, EQUIPMENT, FIXTURES
12-19 POLYMER SYSTEM
12-20 pH SENSOR
12-21 SLUDGE BLANKET LEVEL INDICATOR
12-31 HYDROPNEUMATIC TANK & SERVICE WATER PUMP SYSTEM
12-33 PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMPS
12-37 ULTRASONIC LEVEL SENSOR
12-40 AMD PUMP STATIONS
12-41 FLASH, REACTION, AND FLOC TANK MIXERS
12-45 RECTANGULAR CLARIFIER EQUIPMENT & TUBE SETTLERS
12-65 PLUG VALVES AND KNIFE GATE VALVES WITH ACTUATORS
12-73 CONCRETE STRUCTURES & MANHOLES
12-94 HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE PIPE AND FITTINGS
12-99 PROPANE RADIANT HEATER SYSTEM
13-18 METAL PUMP STATION CONTROL BUILDING
19-0 GEOTECHNICAL REPORT
II
8-0 HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
PART 1 GENERAL
1.01 SECTION INCLUDES
A. The work specified in this section consists of furnishing and installing an underground irrigation pipeline using the horizontal directional drilling (HDD) method of installation, also commonly referred to as directional boring or guided horizontal boring. This work shall include all services, equipment, materials, and labor for the complete and proper installation, testing, restoration of underground utilities and environmental protection and restoration.
B. This specification is for the installation of high density polyethylene (HDPE) DR17 pipelines. For the installation of other materials such as fusible C-905 PVC or welded steel, the methods and specifications herein apply, but may be modified by the Owner as appropriate.
C. The size and configuration of the various components of the system shall as indicated herein, in the Standard Details, and in the approved Improvement Plans, if any.
1.02 RELATED SECTIONS
A. Section 7-06 – AMD Conveyance & Collection Pipe
B. Section 12-94 – High Density Polyethylene Pipe and
Fittings 1.03 QUALIFICATIONS
Directional drilling and pipe installation shall be done by an experienced Contractor specializing in directional drilling and whose key personnel have at least five (5) years of experience in this work. Furthermore, the Contractor must have installed directionally drilled pipe at least as large as 8 inches in diameter, having performed installations of at least 500 feet in length, and successfully installed at least 10,000 feet in total length.
1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE
This specification calls for a wide range of procedural precautions necessary to insure that the very basic, essential aspects of a proper directional bore installation are adequately controlled. Strict adherence shall be required under specifically
8-1 covered conditions outlined in this specification. Adherence to the specifications contained herein, or the Owner’s approval of any aspect of any directional bore operation covered by this specification, shall in no way relieve the Contractor of their ultimate responsibility for the satisfactory completion of the work authorized by the Owner.
1.05 SUBMITTALS
A. WORK PLAN: Prior to beginning work, the Contactor must submit to the Owner a general work plan outlining the procedure and schedule to be used to execute the project. The plan should document the thoughtful planning required to successfully complete the project.
B. EQUIPMENT: The Contractor must submit specifications on directional drilling equipment to be used to ensure that the equipment will be adequate to complete the project.
C. LABOR: The Contractor must submit a detailed list of supervisory, technical and general personnel to be utilized during the project.
Certifications and experience of all key personnel must be included.
D. MATERIALS: Specifications on all materials to be used shall be submitted to the Owner for approval. Materials shall include the pipe, fittings and any other item which is to be an installed component of the project.
E. OTHER: All other permits and/or plans required of the Contractor by the State, County or affected agency including, but not limited to, temporary erosion & sediment control plan, dewatering plan, and trench shoring plan.
PART 2 MATERIALS
2.01 The material requirements for the pipe and fittings shall be as required in Section 12- 94 and shall be High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) DR17 Pipe and Fittings with unless otherwise approved in advance.
2.02 EQUIPEMENT
A. General: The directional drilling equipment shall consist of a directional drilling rig of sufficient capacity to perform the bore and pullback of the pipe, a drilling fluid mixing & delivery system of sufficient capacity to successfully complete the installation, a guidance system to accurately guide boring operations, and trained and competent personnel to operate the system. All equipment shall be in good, safe operating condition with sufficient supplies, 8 - 2 materials and spare parts on hand to maintain the system in good working order for the duration of this project.
B. Drilling Rig: The directional drilling machine shall consist of a hydraulically powered system to rotate, push and pull hollow drill pipe into the ground at a variable angle while delivering a pressurized fluid mixture to a guidable drill (bore) head. The machine shall be anchored to the ground to withstand the pulling, pushing and rotating pressure required to complete the crossing. The hydraulic power system shall be self-contained with sufficient pressure and volume to power drilling operations. The hydraulic system shall be free of leaks. The rig shall have a system to monitor and record maximum pull-back pressure during pull-back operations.
C. Drill Head: The drill head shall be steerable by changing its rotation and shall provide the necessary cutting surfaces and drilling fluid jets.
D. Mud Motors (if required): Mud motors shall be of adequate power to turn the required drilling tools.
2.03 GUIDANCE SYSTEM
A. The guidance system shall be of a proven type and shall be setup and operated by personnel trained and experienced with this system. The Operator shall be aware of any magnetic anomalies and shall consider such influences in the operation of the guidance system if using a magnetic system.
2.04 DRILLING FLUID (MUD) SYSTEM
A. Mixing System: A self-contained, closed, drilling fluid mixing system shall be of sufficient size to mix and deliver drilling fluid composed of bentonite clay, potable water and appropriate additives. Mixing system shall be able to molecularly shear individual bentonite particles from the dry powder to avoid clumping and ensure thorough mixing. The drilling fluid reservoir tank shall be sized for adequate storage of the mud. Mixing system shall continually agitate the drilling fluid during drilling operations.
B. Drilling Fluids: Drilling fluid shall be composed of clean water and an appropriate additive. Water shall be from a clean source with a pH of 8.5 – 10 and/or as per mixing requirements of the manufacturer. Water of a lower pH or with excessive calcium shall be treated with the appropriate amount of sodium carbonate or equal. The water and additives shall be mixed thoroughly and be absent of any clumps or clods. No hazardous additives
8-3 may be used. Drilling fluid shall be maintained at a viscosity sufficient to suspend cuttings and maintain the integrity of the bore wall.
C. Delivery System: The mud pumping system shall have a minimum capacity to supply mud in a accordance with the drilling equipment pull-back rating at a constant required pressure. The delivery system shall have filters in-line to prevent solids from being pumped into the drill pipe. Connections between the pump and drill pipe shall be relatively leak-free. Used drilling fluid and drilling fluid spilled during drilling operations shall be contained and properly disposed of. A berm, minimum of 12 inches (12”) high, shall be maintained around drill rigs, drilling fluid mixing system, entry and exit pits and drilling fluid recycling system (if used) to prevent spills into the surrounding environment. Pumps and/or vacuum truck(s) of sufficient size shall be in place to convey excess drilling fluid from containment areas to storage facilities.
2.05 OTHER EQUIPMENT
A. Pipe Rollers: Pipe rollers, if required, shall be of sufficient size to fully support the weight of the pipe while being hydro-tested and during pull-back operations. Sufficient number of rollers shall be used to prevent excess sagging of pipe.
B. Pipe Rammers: Hydraulic or pneumatic pipe rammers may only be used if necessary and with the authorization of the Owner.
C. Restrictions: Other devices or pipeline placement systems for providing horizontal thrust other than those previously defined in the preceding subsections shall not be used unless approved by the Owner prior to the commencement of the work. Consideration for approval will be made on an individual basis for each specified location. The proposed device or system will be evaluated prior to approval or rejection on its potential ability to complete the pipeline placement satisfactorily without undue stoppage and to maintain line and grade within the tolerances prescribe by the particular conditions of the project. Approval by the Owner does not relieve the Contractor of its responsibilities (see section 1.04)
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 GENERAL
A. The Owner must be notified 48 hours in advance of starting work. The directional bore shall not begin until the Owner or his authorized representative is present at the job site and agrees that proper
8 - 4 preparations and precautions for the operation have been made. The Owner’s approval for beginning the installation shall in no way relieve the Contractor of the ultimate responsibility for the satisfactory completion to the work as authorized under the Contract. It shall be the responsibility of the District to provide inspection personnel at such times as appropriate without causing undue hardship by reason of delay to the Contractor.
3.02 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
A. All personnel shall be fully trained in their respective duties as part of the directional crew and in safety.
3.03 DRILLING PROCEDURE
A. Site Preparation:
1. The work site as indicated on the Drawings, shall be graded or filled to provide a level working area. No alterations beyond what is required for operations are to be made. The Contractor must confine all activities to the necessary work areas.
B. Drill Path Survey: The entire drill path shall be accurately surveyed.
C. Environmental Protection: The Contractor shall place compost filter sock or silt fence between all drilling operations and any drainage, wetland, waterway or other area designated for such protection by the Contract Documents, state, federal and local regulations. Additional environmental protection necessary to contain any hydraulic or drilling fluid spills shall be put in place, including berms, liners, turbidity curtains and other measures.
The Contractor shall adhere to all applicable environmental regulations.
Fuel or oil may not be stored in bulk containers within two hundred feet (200’) of any water-body or wetland.
D. Safety: The Contractor shall adhere to all applicable state, federal and local safety regulations and all operations shall be conducted in a safe manner. Safety meetings shall be conducted at least weekly with a written record of attendance and topic submitted to the Owner.
E. Pipe: The pipe shall be welded/fused together in one length with installation methods to prevent excessive sagging of pipe.
F. Pilot Hole:
2. Pilot hole shall be drilled on bore path with no deviations resulting in reduced cover below the stream. In the event that the pilot does deviate from the bore path such that there is less than 4’ of cover
8-5 below the stream bed, the Contractor must notify the Owner and the Contractor may be required to pull-back and re-drill from the location along the bore path before the deviation.
3. In the event that a drilling fluid fracture, inadvertent returns or returns loss occurs during pilot hole drilling operations, the Contractor shall cease drilling, wait at least 30 minutes, inject a quantity of drilling fluid with a viscosity exceeding 120 seconds as measured by a March funnel and then wait another 30 minutes. If mud fracture or returns loss continues, the Contractor must cease operations and notify the Owner. The Owner and Contractor will discuss additional options and work then will proceed accordingly.
G. Reaming: Upon successful completion of the pilot hole, the Contractor will ream bore the hole to a minimum of 25% greater than outside diameter of the pipe using the appropriate tools. The Contractor shall not attempt to ream, at one time, more than the drilling equipment and mud system are designed to safely handle.
H. Pull-Back:
1. After successfully reaming the bore hole to the required diameter, the Contractor will pull the pipe back through the bore hole. In front of the pipe will be a swivel to prevent torsional stresses occurring in the pipe. Once pull-back operations have commenced, operations must continue without interruption until the pipe is completely pulled into the bore hole. During pull-back operations the Contractor shall not apply more than the maximum safe pipe pull pressure at any time.
2. In the event that the pipe becomes stuck, the Contractor will cease pulling operations to allow any potential hydro-lock to subside and will then continue pulling operations. If the pipe remains stuck, the Contractor must immediately notify the Owner. The Owner and Contractor will discuss options and work then will proceed accordingly.
3.04 PIPE TESTING
A. The pipe shall be hydrostatically tested after joining into continuous lengths prior to installation and again after installation.
B. The testing procedure and pressures shall be in accordance with the standard pipe specification sections.
8 - 6
C. At the completion of each successful test, erosion prevention and control measures will be used during removal and discharge of the water.
3.05 SITE RESTORATION
A. Following drilling operations and pipeline installation, the Contractor must de-mobilize equipment and restore the work-site to its original condition or as specified in the Contract Documents. All excavations must be backfilled and mechanically compacted to 95% of original density. All drilling mud shall be properly disposed of by the Contractor.
3.06 RECORD KEEPING
The Contractor shall maintain a daily project log of drilling operations and a guidance system log with a copy given to the Owner at the completion of the project. As-Built drawings will be verified as to accuracy by the Owner.
4.0 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
A. Pipelines installed by directional drilling methods shall be paid for at the unit price per foot bid in the Bid Schedule. Payment shall include installed pipe, fittings, connections, boring and receiving pits, dewatering, shoring, bracing, concrete thrust blocks, backfill, drilling fluid, compaction, testing, permits, inspection, cleanup, guaranty, maintenance and all other labor and materials required to construct the pipelines. All labor, equipment and materials for which there is no item in the Bid Schedule shall be included in the unit price bid for the applicable size of directionally drilled pipe to which they are appurtenant.
4.1 BASIS OF PAYMENT
A. The quantities of the various pipeline sizes and types to be installed by directional drilling methods will be paid for at the contract unit prices bid of the items listed, which prices and payments shall be full compensation for equipment, fluids, excavation , backfill, boring, furnishing all materials and doing all the work prescribed in a workmanlike and acceptable manner, including all labor, tools, equipment, supplies, and incidentals necessary to complete the work.
4.2 PAY ITEMS
8-7
“6-inch HDPE Directional Drilling”, per linear foot.
“8-inch HDPE Directional Drilling”, per linear foot.
“10-inch HDPE Directional Drilling”, per linear foot.
END OF SECTION
8-8
10-16 (1)
10-16 HDPE DUAL WALL CORRUGATED PIPE
1.0 GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
This specification describes four (4) inch through sixty (60) inch (one hundred
(100) to one thousand five hundred (1500) mm) HDPE Dual Wall Corrugated Pipe (per ASTM F2648) for use in gravity-flow land drainage applications
1.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. HDPE Dual Wall Corrugated Pipe all comply with the provisions of ASTM
F2648.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit the following in accordance with Special Provisions Section 0-11 Submittals.
1.4 BASIS OF DESIGN
A. The BASIS OF DESIGN for the HDPE Dual Wall Corrugated Pipe is by ADS, having been deemed to represent the minimum level of quality, performance and service acceptable for this equipment. Equal equipment submittals will be in accordance with Special Provisions Section 0-13 Engineer Approved Equal.
2.0 PRODUCTS
2.1 GENERAL
A. Pipe Requirements
1. The Pipe shall have a smooth interior and annular exterior corrugations.
2. The pipe shall meet ASTM F2648.
3. Manning’s “n” value for use in design shall be 0.012.
B. Joint Performance
Pipe shall be joined using a bell & spigot joint meeting ASTM F2648. The joint shall be soil-tight and gaskets, when applicable, shall meet the requirements of ASTM F477. Gaskets shall be installed by the pipe Manufacturer and covered with a removable, protective wrap to ensure the
10-16 (2) gasket is free from debris. A joint lubricant available from the Manufacturer shall be used on the gasket and bell during assembly.
C. Fittings
Fittings shall conform to ASTM F2306. Bell and spigot connections shall utilize a spun-on or welded bell and valley or saddle gasket meeting the soil-tight joint performance requirements of ASTM F2306.
D. Material Properties
Material for pipe production shall be an engineered compound of virgin and recycled high density polyethylene conforming with the minimum requirements of cell classification 424420C (ESCR Test Condition B) for four (4) inch through ten (10) inch (one hundred (100) to two hundred and fifty (250) mm) diameters, and 435420C (ESCR Test Condition B) for twelve (12) inch through sixty (60) inch (three hundred (300) to one thousand five hundred (1500) mm) diameters, as defined and described in the latest version of ASTM D3350, except that carbon black content should not exceed 4%. The Engineer shall verify compatibility with overall system including structural, hydraulic, material, and installation requirements for a given application.
3.0 EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION
A. Installation shall be in accordance with ASTM D2321 and ADS recommended installation guidelines, with the exception that minimum cover in trafficked areas for four (4) inch through forty-eight (48) inch (one hundred (100) to one thousand two hundred (one thousand two hundred (1200) mm) diameters shall be one (1) foot (0.3 m) and for sixty (60) inch (one thousand five hundred (1500) mm) diameter the minimum cover shall be two (2) feet (0.6 m) in single run applications. Backfill for minimum cover situations shall consist of Class 1 (compacted) or Class 2 (minimum 90% SPD) material.
4.0 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
A. The method of measurement for determining quantities for per unit bid item(s) shall include furnishing all materials and doing all the work prescribed in a workmanlike and acceptable manner, including all labor, tools, equipment, supplies, and incidentals & appurtenances necessary to complete the work as shown on the Project Plans.
10-16 (3)
B. The method of measurement for determining quantities for lump sum bid item(s) shall include furnishing all materials and doing all the work prescribed in a workmanlike and acceptable manner, including all labor,
4.1 BASIS OF PAYMENT
A. Per unit bid item(s) shall be paid per unit bid and shall include the following items, which price and payment shall be full compensation for all materials, labor, equipment and incidentals necessary to perform the work.
B. Lump sum bid item(s) shall be paid at the lump sum bid and shall include the following items, which price and payment shall be full compensation for all materials, labor, equipment and incidentals necessary to perform the work. No deduction will be made nor will any increase be made in the lump sum bid amount regardless of decreases or increases in the final total contract amount or for any other cause.
4.2 PAY ITEM(S)
“48 inch HDPE Dual Wall Culvert”, per linear foot.
11-32 (1)
11-32A PORTABLE ELECTRIC GENERATOR
1.1 DESCRIPTION
A. Scope of Work
1. The Contractor shall furnish a Portable Electric Generator. The rating of the Portable Electric Generator shall be 70kW, 240 V, 1 Phase, 60 Hertz.
2. The system shall consist of:
a. An engine driven electric generating set to provide standby power.
b. An engine start/stop solid state system mounted on the generating set.
c. An automatic load transfer control to provide automatic starting and stopping of the engine and switching o f the load.
d. Mounted accessories as specified.
1.2 RESPONSIBILITY
A. Each generator set shall be built, tested and shipped by the Manufacturer, and has been regularly engaged in the production of the engine alternator sets and associated controls for a minimum of ten (10) years so that there is one source of supply and responsibility.
1.3 BASIS OF DESIGN
A. The BASIS OF DESIGN for the Standby Electric Generator is by Cummins
Inc. C70D2RE, having been deemed to represent the minimum level of quality, performance and service acceptable for this equipment. Equal equipment submittals will be in accordance with Special Provisions Section 0-13
Engineer Approved Equal.
1.4 MANUFACTURER QUALIFICATION
A. Firm regularly engaged in manufacturing and design of engine generator sets for not less than ten years. The firm shall have produced engine generator sets that have been in continuous satisfactory operation for not
11-32 (2) less than three years in similar service.
B. Manufacturer must have a local service firm that has been factory authorized in the local area of responsibility.
1.5 MANUFACTURER REQUIREMENTS
A. Single Manufacturer responsibility for the complete engine generator set including the manufacture of the engine and/or the alternator, design and manufacture of controls, building of set, factory test, factory warranty and shipping. Coordinating between Manufacturer, Distributor, and Contractor is essential. The Manufacturer shall have printed literature and brochures describing the standard series offered (not a one-of-a-kind fabrication). The Manufacturer shall provide schematic and wiring diagrams for the complete standby power system.
1.6 SUPPLIER QUALIFICATION
A. Firm engaged in the provision and service of engine generator sets. Firm maintains a factory authorized service organization with factory trained service technicians and an appropriately sized fleet of dedicated service trucks equipped to service this equipment. Firm must be located within a one hundred (100) mile radius of the project, maintain stock of standard spare parts and offer twenty-four (24) hour service availability, seven (7) days a week. Firm shall be able to demonstrate the long-term ability to support a project of this scope. Major engine, controls, and alternator parts shall regularly be stocked locally. Additional parts shall be available within f o r t y -e igh t (48) hours per the Manufacturer's stated program. Supplier shall have a documented record of supplying and supporting complete operating emergency and standby power systems including gensets, transfer switches, paralleling switchgear, and uninterruptible power supplies.
WVDEP and/or WVDEP Representative reserve the right to inspect Supplier’s facility to ensure compliance with these qualifications.
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. See Sub-Section 1.3 Basis of Design in this Specification.
11-32 (3)
Specification sheet
Rental Power 70 kW U.S EPA Tier IV Emissions
Description This Cummins Power Generation rental package is a fully integrated mobile power generation system, providing optimum performance, reliability, and versatility for standby and prime power applications.
Features Cummins diesel engines U.S. Tier IV Final and EU SIIIa certified Cummins QSB5-G11 engines which meet emissions limits without the use of a diesel particulate filter (DPF)
Dual speed engine for operation at 50 or 60 Hz
Advanced electronic engine controls with integrated aftertreatment system provide superior fuel efficiency while reducing emissions
High-pressure common rail fuel system reduces engine noise and smoke
Cummins Direct FlowTM air filtration offering improved air management, longer service life, and easier serviceability
2-stage fuel filtration with optimum particle and water separation
Control features
The most advanced, reliable and capable generator set control system on the market today
Controls provide precise frequency and voltage regulation, alarm and status message display in one easy to operate customer interface
Engine controls
Oil pressure and coolant temperature gauge
Fuel level gauge, Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) level gauge and battery voltage gauge
Digital Hour meter (5-digit read out)
Engine control module includes remote start capability
Standby Rating
Stamford alternators
12-lead reconnectable alternators fitted with voltage selection switch
Permanent magnet excitation for improved performance in non-linear load applications
Rental package enclosure
Camlock & busbar distribution panel
Sound attenuated, white powder coated lockable enclosure
24 hour fuel tank (75% prime) with gauge
Roof mounted, single point lift
Cooling system rated for 122 °F (50 °C) at
100% standby ambient
Complete engine fluid containment reservoir
4 position voltage selector switch (60Hz: 277/480 or 139/240 or 120/208 VAC 3 phase or 120/240
VAC 1 phase). Also first position 50Hz: 230/400
VAC 3 phase)
2 position voltage selector (60Hz: 277/480 or
347/600 VAC 3 phase).
Shore power (15A/120V) – for coolant heater, battery charger, engine oil heater and battery warmer
Conveniently located analog gauges and heated Human Machine Interface (HMI) display
Rental package options Optional Auxiliary Fuel and DEF connections
DOT approved electric brake trailer with heavy duty center mounted jack, ball or pintle hitch
DOT approved hydraulic brake trailer with heavy duty center mounted jack, ball or pintle hitch
Prime Rating
Model Voltages 60 Hz kW (kVA) 50 Hz kW (kVA) 60 Hz kW (kVA) 50 Hz kW (kVA) Sound Level
Full load at 7m Alternator
Model
C70D2RE
480-600 Switchable
70 (87) - 63 (78) - 67 dB(A) UCI274D
208/240/480 70 (87) 63 (78) 63 (78) 50 (63) 67 dB(A) UCI224G power.cummins.com ©2019 Cummins Power Generation Inc. | NAS-6311-EN (01/19)
11-32 (4)
Engine specifications
Engine model QSB5-G11
Alternator data sheet UCI
Tier rating Tier IV
Design 4 cycle, In-Line, turbocharged and after-cooled
Bore 107 mm (4.21 in.)
Stroke 124.0 mm (4.88 in.)
Displacement 4.5 liters (274.6 in3)
Cylinder block Cast iron, In-Line 4 cylinder
Battery capacity 2 x 760 cca
Battery charging alternator 70 amps
Starting voltage 24 volt, negative ground
Fuel system Direct injection HPCR system
Fuel filter Dual Spin on fuel filter with water separator
Air cleaner type 2-stage, dry replaceable element with dust ejector
Lube oil filter type(s) Single spin-on, full flow
Standard cooling system 120 °F (49 °C) ambient radiator
Alternator specifications
Design Brushless, 4 pole, drip proof revolving field
Stator Double layer concentric, 2/3 winding pitch
Rotor Singe bearing, flexible disc
Insulation system Class H per NEMA MG1-1.65
Standard temperature rise 125/40 ºC prime
Exciter type PMG (permanent magnet generator)
Phase rotation A (U), B (V), C (W)
Alternator cooling Direct drive centrifugal blower fan
AC waveform total harmonic distortion < 1.5% no load, < 5% non-distorting balance linear load
Telephone influence factor (TIF) < 50 per NEMA MG1-22.43
Telephone harmonic factor (THF) < 2%
Power capability specifications (Assume power factor = 0.80 for 3 phase amps)
Standby rating
240 V, 1 Phase
Amps 60Hz
208 V, 3 Phase
Amps 60Hz
480 V, 3 Phase
Amps 60Hz
240 V, 3 Phase
Amps 60Hz
400 V, 3 Phase
Amps 50Hz
600 V, 3 Phase
Amps 60Hz
C70D2RE 195 243 105 210 114 84
Electrical power panel specifications
Model voltage
120 V duplex receptacles 240 V twist
Load lug connection
(stud diameter)
Load lug circuit breakers
120/480 Volt 2 - 20 Amp GFCI 3 - 50 Amp 1/2 inch 400 Amp 480-600 Volt 1/2 inch 150 Amp
11-32 (5)
PowerCommand 3.3 Control System
An integrated microprocessor based generator set control system providing voltage regulation, engine protection, alternator protection, operator interface and isochronous governing. Refer to document S-1570 for more detailed information on the control.
Simplified display for rental operators - simplified display tailored for rental equipment operations for ease of use. Power management – Control function provides battery monitoring and testing features and smart starting control system.
Advanced control methodology – Three phase sensing, full wave rectified voltage regulation, with a PWM output for stable operation with all load types.
Regulation compliant – Prototype tested: UL, CSA and CE compliant.
Service - InPowerTM PC-based service tool available for detailed diagnostics, setup, data logging and fault simulation.
Easily upgradeable – PowerCommand controls are designed with common control interfaces.
Reliable design – The control system is designed for reliable operation in harsh environment.
Operator panel features Operator/display functions 320 x 240 pixels graphic LED backlight LCD
Auto, manual, start, stop, fault reset and lamp test/panel lamp switches
Alpha-numeric display with pushbuttons
LED lamps indicating genset running, remote start, not in auto, common shutdown, common warning, manual run mode, auto mode and stop
Alternator data
Line-to-neutral and line-to-line AC volts
3-phase AC current
Frequency kW, kVar, power factor kVA (three phase and total)
Engine data DC voltage Lube oil pressure Coolant temperature Comprehensive FAE data (where applicable) Other data Fault history Data logging and fault simulation (requires InPower)
Standard control functions
Digital governing Integrated digital electronic isochronous governor
Temperature dynamic governing
Digital voltage regulation
Integrated digital electronic voltage regulator
3-phase, 4-wire line-to-line sensing
Configurable torque matching
AmpSentry AC protection
AmpSentry protective relay
Over current and short circuit shutdown
Over current warning
Single and three phase fault regulation
Over and under voltage shutdown
Over and under frequency shutdown
Overload warning with alarm contact
Reverse power and reverse var shutdown
Field overload shutdown
Engine protection
Battery voltage monitoring, protection and testing
Overspeed shutdown
Low oil pressure warning and shutdown
High coolant temperature warning and shutdown
Low coolant level warning or shutdown
Low coolant temperature warning
Fail to start (overcrank) shutdown
Fail to crank shutdown
Cranking lockout
Sensor failure indication
Full authority electronic engine protection Control functions
Time delay start and cool down
Real time clock for fault and event time stamping
Cycle cranking
Load shed
Remote emergency stop
11-32 (6)
Ratings definitions Standby:
Applicable for supplying emergency power for the duration of normal power interruption. No sustained overload capability is available for this rating. (Equivalent to Fuel Stop Power in accordance with ISO3046, AS2789, DIN6271 and BS5514). Nominally rated.
Prime (unlimited running time):
Applicable for supplying power in lieu of commercially purchased power. Prime power is the maximum power available at a variable load for an unlimited number of hours. A 10% overload capability is available for limited time. (Equivalent to Prime Power in accordance with ISO8528 and Overload Power in accordance with ISO3046, AS2789, DIN6271, and BS5514).
Dimensions
Model
Dim “A” mm (in.)
Dim “B” mm (in.)
Dim “C” mm (in.)
Weight w/o fuel kg (lbs.) **
Weight with fuel kg (lbs.) **
Fuel capacity liters (gal)*
C70D2RE 3063 (121) 1262 (50) 1953 (77) 2522 (5560) 2976 (6560) 495 (131)
With trailer 4798 (189) 2106 (83) 2444 (96) 3221 (7100) 3674 (8100) 495 (131)
* Onboard DEF capacity is sized for 24 hours of operation at 10 gallons
** Weights are CAD determined & within +/- 2%
Fuel consumption Standby Prime
60 Hz Ratings, kW (kVA)
70 (87) 63 (78) Hours of operation
Load 1/4 1/2
3/4 Full 1/4
1/2 3/4
Full 75% PRP
US Gal/hr. 2.3 4.0 5.9 8.0 2.1 3.8 5.3 7.2 27
L/hr. 8.7 15.1 22.3 30.3 7.9 14.4 20.1 27.3 27 Note: DEF consumption less than 4% of fuel consumption
** Fuel consumption number are conservative pending final test.
Trailer information Model Tire size Tire type Load range Number of tires per trailer Lug pattern
C70D2RE 225/75-R15 Radial 2535 lbs. - each 4 8 hole
Certifications These generator sets are certified to following standards:
CAN/CSA STD C22.2 NO. 100
CAN/CSA STD C22.2 NO. 14
North America
1400 73rd Avenue N.E.
Minneapolis, MN 55432
USA
Phone 763 574 5000
Fax 763 574 5298
©2019 Cummins Power Generation Inc. All rights reserved.
Cummins Power Generation and Cummins are registered trademarks of Cummins Inc. PowerCommand, AmpSentry, InPower and “Our energy working for you.” are trademarks of Cummins Power Generation. Other company, product, or service names may be trademarks or service marks of others. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
NAS-6311-EN (01/19)
C
A
B
11-32 (7)
5.0 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
prescribed in a workmanlike and acceptable manner, including all labor, prescribed in a workmanlike and acceptable manner, including all labor,
5.1 BASIS OF PAYMENT
A. Per unit bid item(s) shall be paid per unit bid and shall include the following items, which price and payment shall be full compensation for all materials, labor, equipment and incidentals necessary to perform the work.
the following items, which price and payment shall be full compensation for all materials, labor, equipment and incidentals necessary to perform the work. No deduction will be made nor will any increase be made in the lump sum bid amount regardless of decreases or increases in the final total contract amount or for any other cause.
5.2 PAY ITEM(S)
“AMD Pump Station No. 1 through 6”, per lump sum.
12-17 (1)
12-17 FIBERGLASS METERING MANHOLE
A. The BASIS OF DESIGN for the Fiberglass Metering Manhole with a Palmer Bowlus Flume is by Virtual Polymer Compounds, LCC, having been deemed to represent the minimum level of quality, performance and service acceptable for this equipment. Equal equipment submittals will be in accordance with Special Provisions Section 0-13 Engineer Approved Equal.
B. The manhole shall be a 60 inch diameter fiberglass reinforced vinyl ester composite metering manhole system that meets both the project Specification and the standards established by ASTM D3753-81.
C. The Manhole will include a hinged fiberglass cover with lockable hasp.
The cover will support a live load of no less than 1,000 pounds. The cover will overlap the manhole body top flange and will seal with neoprene gasket to prevent rain or debris from entering the manhole when the cover is closed. The cover will be held in an open position by two heavy chain cover supports secured to connecting eyes at the cover and the Manhole body.
D. The Metering Manhole System will include a fiberglass 15 inch Palmer
Bowlus flume. The Flume will include an integral converging section end adapter terminating with a fiberglass pipe stub with the same diameter as the flume. The Flume will also include a diverging section end adapter that will terminate with fiberglass pipe stub. Sections of the Flume and end adapters that extend beyond the Manhole will be covered with a core composite laminate that will meet the same load requirements as the manhole structure. Flumes must be integral to the manhole floor and body.
E. Fiberglass pipe stubs will be fitted with neoprene rubber slip over couplers. Couplers will be secured in place with stainless steel clamping rings.
F. The Manhole will be fitted with an eighteen (18) inch wide fiberglass ladder. The ladder will extend from the man way reducer to the top flange of the integral flume. The ladder will be attached to a fiberglass mounting bracket that is integral to the manhole. No penetration to the Manhole body will be required for ladder installation.
1. The fiberglass ladder will meet all current OSHA requirements for ladders of this nature.
12-17 (2)
G. The Manhole will be fabricated with an integral fiberglass floor. The floor will be one half (½) inch thick laminate. The floor will extend beyond the manhole body to form a continuous base mounting flange.
H. The wall laminate is one (½) inch thick. The glass reinforcing content of the laminate is a nominal 30%.
I. The entire Manhole body laminate will be pigmented white. The interior surface of the manhole will be a smooth, resin rich finish.
J. A Confined Space Entry Warning Sign will be mounted on the inside lid of the hinged cover. When the cover is open the sign will be completely visible.
K. The surface of the Flume will be finished with a high grade polyester chemical resistant gel coat. The color will be beige.
L. The Flume is to include the following standard option(s)
1. Stainless Steel Ultrasonic Transducer Mounting Bracket.
2. Fabricate with integral Staff Gauge graduated in feet and tenths of a foot.
3. FRP Grating to cover flume.
M. The Manhole will be fabricated with two (2) inch diameter integral NPT couplings to be used as cable passes. The location of this coupling will be provided to the Manufacturer by the Contractor prior to manhole fabrication.
2.0 MATERIALS
A. All interior surfaces of the Manhole will be smooth and free of surface defects.
B. Fiberglass laminate will include high grade vinyl ester resin and multiple layers of one and a half (1.5) ounce chopped strand mat.
C. Manhole ladder will be fabricated by the Manufacturer and integral to the manhole.
D. The neoprene pipe coupling will be manufactured by Fernco Company.
1. Couplers will accept a maximum of 5% deflection.
2. The couplings will meet the following standards:
Tensile ASTM D 412 1200psi 300% elongation
12-17 (3)
Hardness ASTM D2240 Shore A 55min. 65max.
Compression ASTM D 395 25% deflection Tear Strength ASTM D 624 125 lb./inc.
E. Structural Load rating of the manhole is to have a minimum dynamic-load rating of sixteen thousand (16,000) lbf. when tested according to Section
8.4.1 and 8.4.1.1 of ASTM 3753. The complete manhole will not leak, crack, or suffer other damage when loaded to forty thousand (40,000) lbf.
The unit will not deflect downward more that one quarter (0.25) inches when point loaded at twenty-four thousand (24,000) lbf.
1. Sections of the Flume may extend beyond the manhole body.
These sections of flume will be covered and sealed with a core composite fiberglass cover. These covers will meet equivalent load ratings as those of the manhole body. The covers will be completely leak free and will deflect less than one eighth (1/8) inches at full load.
2.…
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