A06_DS_Attachment_03__EXHIBITS_8_7_2025.pdf

SUGARLOAF MULTIUSE (SLMU)NAD 83/ WGS84 Fort Hood, TX 1:15,000

Projection Information:

Name: WGS 1984 WTM Zone 14N Projection: Transverse Mercator Datum: WGS 1984 Fort Hood ITAM

NOTE: REFER TO FORT HOOD TRAINING LEGEND FOR MAP INFORMATION

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Date: 8/31/2020

CONTOUR INTERVAL 10 METERS

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Bunker Hard Target

SAT Emplacement

SIT Emplacement

Urban Cluster, SAT

Urban Cluster, SIT

Firing Point Laser

Aerial Battle Position

MLRS

Screening Line

Small Arms

Trench

Battle Position

#* Target Screening Line

Firing Line

Screening Line

Trench

Course Route

MAT

MIT

Demo Buffer

Range Target Area

Infantry Target Nest0 250 500 750 1,000125 Meters

Cluster

EXHIBIT B - RANGE SUMMARY

LOCATIONS: MOVERWALLS, RANGE

LIMIT MARKERS AND SATs.

LOA

LEGEND

REPLACE TIMBER MOVER WALLS

WITH CONCRETE BIN-BLOCK

BID OPTION: REPLACE RANGE

LIMIT MARKERS (7 TOTAL)

BID OPTION: EXISTING SATs REQUIRE

CONCRETE SLAB (5 TOTAL)

LOCATION FOR STOCKPILE OF SUB

BASE EARTH MATERIAL NEAR MAT 6.

LOCATION FOR STOCKPILE OF

BALLAST MATERIAL NEAR BASELINE.

Not to scale

Reference: EXHIBIT E – SLMU 1985.pdf, drawing sheet C-11, typical Cross- Section and EXHIBIT G – Moving Armor Target (MAT) – Aug2017.pdf

EXHIBIT C - SLMU MV2 & MV8 CROSS-SECTION. Grade work

Remove 20-inches material Remove 6-inches of subgrade replace with flex-base

Reference: EXHIBIT F - Existing Conditions SLMU 1993 MAT4.pdf, drawing sheet C- 111, typical Cross-Section and EXHIBIT G – Moving Armor Target (MAT) – Aug2017.pdf

EXHIBIT D - SLMU MV4 CROSS-SECTION. Grade work

Remove 10-inches material Remove 6-inches of subgrade replace with flex-base

EXHIBIT E - Existing Conditions SLMU 1985 MATs 2 and 8

EXHIBIT F - Existing Conditions SLMU 1993 MAT4

RANGE AND TRAINING LAND PROGRAM – MANDATORY CENTER OF EXPERTISE

U.S. ARMY ENGINEERING AND SUPPORT CENTER, HUNTSVILLE

HUNTSVILLE, ALABAMA

256-895-1534

EMAIL RTLP

Moving Armor Target

(MAT)

EXHIBIT G - Moving Armor Target (MAT) - Aug2017 mailto:DLL-CEHNC-RTLP@usace.army.mil

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General

The Moving Armor Target (MAT) presents moving and stationary vehicle target silhouettes, including friendly and foe targets; heavy, medium, and light armor vehicles; technical trucks, etc.

It can support vehicle, dismounted, and aerial gunnery training. The standard MAT track is 350m

(1,148ft) long. Coordinate non-standard MAT lengths with TCM-Range and the RTLP-MCX.

The Entry Control Point station of the Convoy Live Fire Range (CLF) uses a 225m (738ft) long serpentine moving target (ECPMT).

The MAT has space behind the berm for electrical equipment, including an optional electrical power center. The MAT target, provided by OPA, consists of a track, carrier, target lifter, battle effects simulator, and charging station. The “home” end of the MAT is the location of the electrical equipment and charging station. In most cases, place the home end closest to the engagement point for better protection. However, also consider training scenarios and the location of power. Refer to the standard Civil and Electrical detail drawings for additional details.

Range designers should refer to the Inspection Checklists provided in the RDG to ensure that all required items are included.

Civil/Siting

This section covers the Civil Engineering and Siting issues unique to this type of emplacement for all types of ranges. The sections below address the standard MAT; a separate paragraph at the end of the document addresses the ECPMT. Refer to the specific range section of the RDG for siting issues specific to a particular range.

MAT Emplacement

The MAT emplacement includes a track bed, target protection berm, berm retaining wall, electrical equipment, and service road. The minimum horizontal curve allowed on a MAT is

152m (500ft). The MAT target carrier is required to be able to traverse a 10% grade. However, whenever possible limit the grade to 3% with a maximum of 5% to allow for use in adverse weather conditions. The last 40m (131ft) at each end must have a slope of less than 1%. A 3-meter area is provided at the home end for placing electrical equipment. See Civil Details in the

Appendix of this document.

Drainage

Ensuring proper drainage is critical in the design and construction of target emplacements. Even though the electrical and target equipment is designed for outdoor installation, many of the issues with range targetry can be avoided with proper emplacement drainage. MAT berms are large structures that can affect drainage patterns causing damage in heavy rain events. Avoid placing the MAT across significant drainage features. The ground should slope away from the emplacement whenever possible; add swales as necessary to ensure positive drainage. Ensure proper compaction under the emplacement to avoid differential settlement. Drainage is especially critical on newly constructed ranges before vegetation is fully established.

TIMOTHY.BAUMAN

Highlight MAT Track length

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Target Clearance

No obstruction may be present which interferes with travel of the target along the entire length either in the up or down position. Provide a minimum of 5.2m (17ft) clear space, in addition to the service road, from the face of the emplacement wall along the entire length of the MAT.

Configuration

The Civil Details and Electrical Details in the Appendix of this document show the standard

MAT emplacement configuration. The emplacement design supports the ballistic characteristics of armor, low-hover helicopters and anti-armor systems. The emplacement does not provide protection from helicopter running and diving fire.

Wall Height

The front wall and berm must be high enough to protect the targetry equipment while still allowing target visibility from the firing position. The standard wall height is 1.53m (5ft), 1.83m

(6ft) for aerial gunnery, measured from the top of the aggregate pavement. The height has been coordinated within the program as the minimum that hides both the electrical equipment and the targetry based on a relatively flat angle of fire from the shooter to the target, generally +/- 2 degrees.

Angle of Fire

The angle of fire (AOF) from the gun barrel to the target is a critical parameter on a range that affects the functionality in a number of ways. Certain range and weapon types have a limit on the allowable angle of fire, e.g. a Known Distance range limits the AOF to +/- 2 degrees. Refer to the installation trainers, applicable training manuals, and the RDG section for specific range types for additional information and guidance. In addition, the amount of the target that is visible to shooters can affect the ability to qualify, e.g. it is harder to qualify on a MRF when only half of the target is visible. Finally, rounds can hit and damage targetry and electrical equipment on higher angles of fire.

The standard MAT emplacement with a 60-inch front wall and a 2-percent slope on the berm provides adequate protection for AOF of +/- two degrees. Greater angles require special design consideration. Higher negative angles may require increasing the front wall height, adjusting the slope of the berm to match the AOF, or some other method. Theoretically, the minimum wall height hides the electrical equipment, including the target arms and clamps, up to a -10o AOF, higher with the aviation wall height. In situations with a positive AOF, greater than 2 degrees, the berm itself begins to hide the target. Adjustments to the berm slope may be necessary.

On ranges where target engagement is from multiple points, the designer must coordinate closely with the installation and the targetry provider to determine the correct front wall height. The emplacement protection is also critical for aviation gunnery.

Wall Design

Typical retaining walls are designed using concrete gravity block or wood timbers and steel piles. Walls designed so that the top section is replaceable in case of damage are typical. Filter fabric is normally required. The design of the MAT walls must take in consideration the stability

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D e s ig n G u of the wall, including site-specific geotechnical conditions. The design must include overturning, sliding, and settling.

Berm Criteria

The Target Protection Design Curves in the RDG provide the recommended thickness for emplacement protective berms. The berm must protect the emplacement from all anticipated directions of fire. The berm should be thickest in the expected direction of fire. Use thinner berms to protect the emplacement from occasional directions of fire and ricochets.

Determine the berm thicknesses based on projectile type, soil compaction, and the in-place soil density. However, the designer must also coordinate with the range trainer or user to determine the appropriate berm thickness for each target, since individual target siting may dictate added target protection. For example, when SIT emplacements is in front of or behind a MAT or SAT, the emplacements will need to be designed to withstand the largest weapon system that will engage that group of targets. At a minimum, berm widths will be at least 4 feet to facilitate ease of maintenance.

Historical experience shows that, under normal usage, well-compacted berms, designed with the recommended widths require maintenance on 6-month cycles. Heavily used ranges and individual targets often require increased berm thicknesses.

Direction of Fire

The direction of fire (DOF) is the horizontal angle to the target. The standard MAT berm configuration provides protection for DOF up to 45 degrees from perpendicular. Where angles of fire are less than that, the berm extension can be reduced, similar the SAT. Delete the berm extension entirely on an end from which the MAT is not engaged. The standard berm will protect the electronics and mechanism from errant rounds and ricochets to much higher DOF, up 90 degrees.

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Service Road/Track Bed

The area behind the berm includes a 5.2m (17ft) wide area for the MAT track, lifter, and silhouette and a 3m (10ft) wide service road. Design the track bed and service road for local conditions per the site-specific geotechnical report. Typically, the top 300mm (1ft) of the subgrade is compacted as specified in ASTM D1557, Method D, 90-percent laboratory maximum dry density for cohesive soils and 95-percent laboratory maximum dry density for cohesionless soils. Slope the top of the subgrade away from the protective wall in order to facilitate drainage. Place an additional 150mm (6in) aggregate pavement above the subgrade; use filter fabric when required. The final subgrade and aggregate pavement should not show deviations greater than 13mm (1/2in) when tested with a 3.7m (12ft) straightedge after compaction. The targetry equipment contractor is responsible for all construction above aggregate subgrade including anchoring for the specific targetry system.

REPRESENTATIVE MAT PHOTOS

Electrical/Communications

This section discusses electrical/communication considerations unique to this specific emplacement type. Downrange power, communication, transformers, trenching requirements, etc., are discussed in the Downrange Distribution Section of this document. Electrical interface for the ECPMT is different from the standard MAT; refer to the separate paragraph below.

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Target Emplacement Wall Configuration

Refer to Emplacement Elevation Drawings for a typical target emplacement wall configuration.

The electrical equipment required in each MAT emplacement are the 1) Load Center (LC), 2)

Target Power Receptacle (TPR), 3) Auxiliary Power Receptacle, 4) GFCI Maintenance

Receptacle (MR), 5) and the data enclosure, along with the associated wiring and conduits which are not detailed in this document. The load center contains the secondary branch circuits and provides feed-through capability to the load center in the next adjoining target emplacement. All boxes and receptacles on the front wall of the emplacement should be mounted no higher than two inches from the top of the emplacement wall; this protects the boxes and receptacles from low rounds that might skim the top of the emplacement wall. A detailed drawing of the electrical equipment requirements for SIT emplacements is provided in the Appendix of this design guide.

REPRESENTATIVE MAT ELEVATION DRAWING (NOT TO SCALE)

Routing

All conduits and/or cables should enter and exit from the side or rear of the emplacement. This cable routing helps to minimize damage to the cables from range operations and maintenance crews performing berm repair.

Grounding

Grounding is required for safety at each downrange emplacement or equipment location. A

19mm (3/4in) by 3,050mm (10ft) copper-clad steel ground rod will be driven to a depth of

305mm (1ft) below finished grade at each emplacement or equipment location. The MTDP/TDP and LC equipment will be connected to the emplacement’s single ground rod with a #6 AWG bare copper conductor and exothermically welded connections. All data cable armor or shields must be bonded to the ground bar in the TDP. The design will leave a 3048mm (15ft) coil of

#1/0 AWG bare copper that will be used to ground the MAT track. If a counterpoise is installed for a transformer or power center in the MAT emplacement, the target ground rod shall be bonded to the counterpoise.

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Surge Suppression

Provide surge protective devices (SPD) in the load center of all target emplacements. The surge suppression for the data communication cables will be provided by the target vendor during the installation of targets.

Conduit and Cable Fittings

All penetrations into the MTDP or TDP must be made with fittings approved for use with a

NEMA 4, 4X or 6P enclosure. Non-compliance with this requirement will result in equipment failure. Sheet ED-01 in the Range Design Guide illustrates the preferred sealing method. Foam filled conduits are not acceptable. The MAT load center only requires a NEMA

3R rated enclosure. Provide fittings approved for use with a NEMA 3R enclosure for connection to the load center.

Target Outlets

Target Power Receptacles and Auxiliary Power Receptacles must be equipped with a waterproof enclosure approved for use with the power plug inserted and unattended, according to NEC

406.8(B) (2). The emplacement outlet configurations are shown in the Table below:

TARGET POWER

RECEPTACLE

AUXILIARY

POWER

RECEPTACLE

FIBER OPTIC

CABLE

CONNECTORS

CATEGORY 5E OR

BETTER CABLE

CONNECTORS

NEMA L14-20R NEMA L5-20R Type “SC” MALE, RJ45

MAT EMPLACEMENT TARGET INTERFACE SPECIFICS

TARGET POWER RECEPTACLE (TPR) – AUXILIARY RECEPTACLE (AR)

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EMPLACEMENT

TYPE

POWER

FEED TYPE

PEAK STATIC

LOAD

DESIGN

LOAD

MAT with Thermal

Blanket

120/240VAC

Single Phase

3.8kVA during system charging.

100VA

3.8kVA

Total Design Load 3.8kVA

MAT EMPLACEMENT POWER TABLE

Standard Target Interface

All targets operate at 240 V. Power is supplied to the target through a 120/240V cord and plug connection. The target emplacement shall be provided with a standard 120/240V receptacle that is supplied power through a circuit breaker that is located inside the target emplacement. An auxiliary 120 V outlet is provided in the target emplacement for additional devices or training aids that may be added to the target mechanism. Thermal blankets are the most common devices that are added to the target mechanisms that utilize this power outlet. The specific components used to supply power to the target mechanisms installed inside each target emplacement is fully defined in the remaining sections.

Target and training device communication is accomplished by equipment installed inside the data enclosure located in each target emplacement. All networking equipment will be provided with the target mechanism when the target mechanism is purchased. The target mechanisms are normally purchased with Other Appropriations-Army (OPA) funded target installation contracts.

The range data infrastructure should be installed with data cables to the target emplacement and these cables should be properly terminated inside the target emplacement data enclosures. These data enclosures are referred to as either a Target Data Panel (TDP) or a Master Target Data Panel

(MTDP), and they are fully defined in other sections of this document. The target mechanism installer will interface with the data cables inside these enclosures during the installation of the targets. The schematic below provides an overview of the wiring responsibilities inside the data enclosures.

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MTDP DATA WIRING SCHEMATIC

The Master Target Data Panel (MTDP), or the Target Data Panel (TDP) must be rated NEMA 4, 4X, or 6P depending on environmental conditions (refer to Conduit and Cable Fittings section below for connections). The MTDP/TDP contains the electronics for local target operation, including data cable splicing and terminations. Data cabling shall enter and exit the data panels through approved cable seal fittings (refer to Conduit and Cable Fittings below). All fiber optic cabling will be terminated with SC type connectors, and the network cables will be terminated with CAT 5e or better rated RJ45 connectors. The MTDP and TDP provides space for Other

Appropriations-Army (OPA) funded equipment which may include the fiber optic jumpers, switch/media converter, target data outlet, and network cables. The OPA equipment is installed by others and not the MILCON contractor. The designer must ensure the dimensions of the data panel are consistent with those dimensions stated on the detail plans for the MTDP and TDP equipment. A 120v AC power outlet is provided in the TDP for “Use by Others”. The TDP and the GFCI maintenance receptacle may utilize the same power circuit, but the TDP equipment must be wired ahead of the maintenance to ensure no nuisance tripping occurs. Reference the

Electrical and Civil Details in the directory of the Range Design Guide for more information pertaining to the MTDP, TDP and their mounting requirements.

Target Data Connection

All automated targets are connected to the data cable infrastructure through copper patch cables provided by the target vendor. The interface point between the facility infrastructure and the target installation occurs through the faceplate in the weatherproof outlet box installed immediately adjacent to the MTDP or TDP enclosure. The target vendor will penetrate the

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D e s ig n G u faceplate on the outlet box and install a weatherproof coupling mechanism that mates with the patch cord provided with their targets.

TARGET DATA CONNECTION

Environmental Limits

The temperature and humidity limits for electronic equipment are as follows:

Outdoor:

Non-operating and operating temperature: -34°C (-30°F) to 60°C (140°F).

Humidity: 5% to 95% RH (non-condensing).

Entry Control Point Moving Target (ECPMT)

The ECPMT, or Serpentine Mover, has a different electrical interface than the standard MAT. It requires a 30 amp 120/240 circuit with a L14-30R receptacle for the ECPMT charging station.

The charging station is placed behind a protective berm at the downrange end of the track. Refer to the Convoy Live Fire Range detail drawings for additional details.

The ECPMT is used to simulate a vehicle entering an access control point. The vehicle has SIT targets inside to simulate occupants and a hit sensor to simulate an engine disabling shot. The track and mechanism are protected using concrete walls and berms. A line of sight analysis must be done to ensure that the track and mechanism are protected from all firing positions while the target is visible along the entire length. A berm and retaining wall is placed at the far end of the track to protect the electrical tie-in and charging station. The track has a nominal radius of 7.62m

(25ft) and a sweep of 26 degrees.

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REPRESENTATIVE ECPMT PHOTOS

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GRAPHIC SCALES:

02 2 4

SCALE: 1" = 2'

10010

SCALE: 1" = 10'

SCALE: 1" = 2'

PLAN

SECTION

TOE OF BERM

COMPACTED SUBGRADE

(ENTIRE FOOTPRINT OF EMPLACEMENT)

GRANULAR DRAINAGE MATERIAL

305mm [1'-0"]

FILL

COMPACTED

FILTER FABRIC

1530mm [5'-0"] FOR TANK GUNNERY

1829mm [6'-0"] FOR AERIAL GUNNERY

(SEE DESIGNER NOTE 2)

FRONT WALL

HORIZONTAL AND

VERTICAL CONTROL

POINT (B)

[2'-6"]

762mm

2% SLOPE

76mm

[3"]

DIRECTION

OF FIRE

A

MAT-01 MAT-01

COMPACTED SUBGRADE (ENTIRE FOOTPRINT OF EMPLACEMENT)

GRANULAR DRAINAGE MATERIAL

FILTER FABRIC

2% SLOPE

305mm [1'-0"]

NOTES:

8230mm [27'-0"]

TOE OF BERM

S T

A .0

(TYP.)

SLOPE

3:1

END OF WALL

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POINT (B)

m m

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FRONT WALL

FRONT WALL

m m

[3 0' R

.9 m

4877mm

[16'-0"]

SERVICE ROAD

TARGET

18.59m [61'-0"]

.0 m

[3 ' R m m

MAT-02

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AND NOTES TO DESIGNER.

1. SEE MAT-02 FOR GENERAL NOTES

MOVING ARMOR TARGET EMPLACEMENT

DESIGNER NOTE 4)

VARIES (SEE

BERM THICKNESS

NOTES 4)

VARIES (SEE DESIGNER

BERM EXTENSIONNOTES 4)

VARIES (SEE DESIGNER

BERM EXTENSION

BERM THICKNESS VARIES

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT (HOME END)

3m [10'-0"] CLEAR SPACE FOR

350m [1,150'-0"]

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8.

7.

6.

5.

4.

3.

2.

1.

ENGAGEMENT POINT.

TRANSFORMER TO BE LOCATED AT THE END OF MAT CLOSEST TO

MAT.

0+00.00 IS ALWAYS LOCATED ON THE TRANSFORMER END OF THE

HORIZONTAL CONTROL POINT (A) IS LOCATED AT STA. 0+00.00. STA.

UNITS FOR INSTANCE, 1372mm [4'-6"] UNLESS OTERWISE INDICATED.

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE INDICATED AS FOLLOWS: METRIC [ENGLISH]

EXISTING GRADE.

SLOPE END WALLS AT A 3:1 SLOPE TO A POINT 305mm [12"] ABOVE THE

VISIBILITY.

SURROUNDINGS. GROUND COVER SHALL NOT REDUCE TARGET

REVEGETATED OR RESURFACED CONSISTENT WITH THE NATURAL

AREAS DISTURBED BY CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES SHALL BE

SHALL EXTEND THE FULL HEIGHT OF THE WALL.

FILTER FABRIC SHALL BE INSTALLED BEHIND THE WALLS. FABRIC

ALL REINFORCING STEEL SHALL BE PER ASTM A615, GRADE 60.

28 MPa (4000PSI) IN 28 DAYS.

CONCRETE SHALL DEVELOP A MINIMUM COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF

GENERAL NOTES:

FRONT WALL ELEVATION

GRAPHIC SCALE:

PRECAST WALL SLOPED

END BLOCK

PRECAST WALL BLOCK

-STACK USING STAGGERED BOND

E N

D O

F W

A L L

HORIZONTAL AND

VERTICAL CONTROL

POINT (B)

S T

A .0

350m [1,150'-0"]

POINT (A)

VERTICAL CONTROL

HORIZONTAL AND

S T

A .0

E N

D O

F W

A L L

PRECAST WALL SLOPED

END BLOCK

PRECAST WALL BLOCKS

-STACK USING STAGGERED BOND

MAT-01 MAT-02

B

4' 8'0 2'

SCALE:1/4"=1'

EQUIPMENT (HOME END) AT THE END CLOSEST TO THE DIRECTION OF FIRE.

MIRROR THE MAT EMPLACEMENTS AS REQUIRED TO KEEP ELECTRICAL

AND/OR VERTICAL CURVES.

USE A MINIMUM CURVE RADIUS OF 150 METERS (500 FEET) FOR HORIZONTAL

PERCENT SLOPE MAXIMUM.

PERCENT. THE LAST 40 METERS (130 FEET) ON EACH END MUST BE FLAT; 1

TRAVEL. LIMIT SLOPES TO 3 PERCENT WHERE POSSIBLE WITH A MAXIMUM OF 5

MAT EMPLACEMENTS MAY BE SLOPED ALONG THE DIRECTION OF TARGET

WALL FOR TARGET MOVEMENT/LAYDOWN.

REQUIRES A MINIMUM OF 9 METERS (30’) CLEAR SPACE BEHIND THE FRONT

THE MAT ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND TARGET RAIL/LIFTER/SILHOUETTE

SITE-SPECIFIC GEOTECHNICAL REPORT.

THE 3:1 BERM SLOPES SHOWN ARE TYPICAL; ADJUST BASED ON A

THE DESIGN MUST INCLUDE POSITIVE DRAINAGE AWAY FROM THE TARGET.

FOR THE REQUIRED BERM THICKNESS AND BERM EXTENSION REQUIREMENTS.

REFER TO THE TARGET EMPLACEMENT PROTECTION SECTION OF THE RDG

THE TOP 300MM (1’) MUST BE REPLACEABLE.

CAST-IN-PLACE/PRE-CAST CONCRETE, OR THE GRAVITY BLOCK WALL SHOWN.

GEOTECHNICAL REPORT. RETAINING WALLS MAY BE TREATED TIMBERS,

RETAINING WALLS REQUIRE LOCATION SPECIFIC DESIGN BASED ON THE

GREATER ANGLES OF FIRE.

ANGLE OF FIRE. COORDINATE WITH THE INSTALLATION AND THE RTLP-MCX FOR

THE TARGET LIFTER INCLUDING THE TARGET ARMS UP TO A 10 DEGREE DOWN

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR AN ANGLE OF FIRE OF +/- 2 DEGREES AND HIDES

FOR AERIAL GUNNERY, PROVIDES FULL PROTECTION FOR THE TARGETRY AND

THE MINIMUM FRONT WALL HEIGHT OF 1.530 METERS (5’-0”), 1.83 METERS (6’-0”)

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND REQUIREMENTS.

REFER TO THE MOVING ARMOR TARGETS WRITE-UP IN THE RDG FOR

DESIGNER NOTES

10.

9.

8.

7.

6.

5.

4.

3.

2.

1.

M O

V

IN

G A

R M

O R

T A

R G

E T E

M P

L A

C E

M E

N T

MAT-02

(HOME END)

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

3m [10'-0"] CLEAR SPACE FOR

(SEE DESIGNER NOTES 4)

BERM EXTENSION VARIES

(SEE DESIGNER NOTES 4)

BERM EXTENSION VARIES

NOT TO SCALE

RANGE AND TRAINING LAND PROGRAM – MANDATORY CENTER OF EXPERTISE

U.S. ARMY ENGINEERING AND SUPPORT CENTER, HUNTSVILLE

HUNTSVILLE, ALABAMA

256-895-1534

EMAIL RTLP

Stationary Armor Target

(SAT)

EXHIBIT H - Stationary ArmorTarget (SAT) - Aug2017 mailto:DLL-CEHNC-RTLP@usace.army.mil

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General

The Stationary Armor Target (SAT) emplacement is for the installation of a SAT target. There are two sizes of standard emplacements, 14’ (4.27m) wide for frontal silhouettes and 28’ (8.53m) wide for flank targets. By installing different silhouettes on the SAT lifter, the SAT emplacement can represent different threat scenarios to the trainees. Silhouettes include friendly and foe targets; heavy, medium, and light armor vehicles; technical trucks, etc., as well as several types of bunkers. A SAT emplacement can also simulate a breach wall. Most SAT emplacements have a Battle Effects Simulator (BES) installed. The BES is a self-contained unit provided and installed by the target provider; no special design is required. Electrical power centers can be collocated in a SAT.

Range designers should refer to the Inspection Checklists provided in the RDG to ensure that all required items are included in the design.

Civil/Siting

This section covers the Civil Engineering and Siting issues unique to this type of emplacement.

Refer to the separate range sections of the RDG for additional siting issues specific to a particular range. See the special sections below for additional information particular to a specific target type.

Emplacement

The standard SAT emplacement uses either a treated timber or concrete gravity block retaining wall on three sides, with a protective earthen berm. Installations may prefer to use other materials, which is acceptable as long as it is durable, provides protection, and is compatible with the electrical and target equipment. The compacted earth berm provides the protection for the wall and installed equipment from all anticipated directions of fire. The concrete emplacement does not provide significant protection. The floor of the emplacement consists of gravel and a concrete slab. Orient the emplacement toward the anticipated direction of fire.

Mount all permanent electrical and communication boxes on the walls of the emplacement or to a metal slotted channel (Unistrut) structure directly behind the front wall. The target provider anchors the lifter to the concrete slab. SATs can be placed above or below-grade. See the standard Civil and Electrical detail drawings for additional specific dimensions and details.

Above-Grade Emplacement:

Above-grade emplacements are the most common in range construction due to their ease of drainage, ease of obtaining line-of-sight, and small disturbance to the existing grade.

Below-Grade Emplacement:

Below grade emplacements blend with the natural terrain and do not present the target position profile to the soldier/firer. Unfortunately, below-grade emplacements present several design issues as follows:

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Drainage:

Positive drainage is harder to achieve on a below grade emplacement. Floor drains are problematic in that they require a lower elevation nearby for a daylight drain and tend to clog. Drainage swales increase excavation requirements.

Unexploded Ordnance (UXO):

UXO disturbance potential increases with the depth of excavation. While an above-grade emplacement might only require disturbing the surface to 150mm (6in) below natural grade, below-grade emplacements often require excavation of 1m (3ft) or more. For medium and high-risk areas, normally a subsurface clearance to a depth of one foot below the construction footprint is required.

Line-of-Sight:

Line-of-sight between the firing position and the target emplacement may not be possible using the natural terrain.

Other debris:

Below-grade emplacements also tend to gather more sand, snow, dirt, trash, and any windblown objects, which can cause maintenance problems.

The designer should discuss with the installation whether they desire above or below-grade SAT emplacements, while ensuring that the installation understands the design issues and costs associated with either choice.

Drainage

Ensuring proper drainage is critical in the design and construction of target emplacements. Even though the electrical and target equipment is designed for outdoor installation, many of the issues with range targetry can be avoided with proper emplacement drainage. The ground should slope away from the emplacement whenever possible; add swales as necessary to ensure positive drainage. The floor of the emplacement must slope to the rear. Special care is required in the use of floor and trench drains, as they tend to clog easily and freeze in some climates. Ensure proper compaction under the emplacement to avoid differential settlement. Drainage is especially critical on newly constructed ranges before vegetation is fully established.

Target Clearance

Provide a clear unobstructed area behind the emplacement to allow space for the target in the down position; a minimum of 6.4m (21ft) measured from the face of the emplacement wall.

Configuration

The Civil Details and Electrical Details in the Appendix of this document show the standard

SAT emplacement configuration. The emplacement design supports the ballistic characteristics of armor, low-hover helicopters and anti-armor systems. The emplacement does not provide protection from helicopter running and diving fire.

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Wall Height

The front wall and berm must be high enough to protect the targetry equipment while still allowing target visibility from the firing position. The minimum front wall height is 1067mm (3ft

6in), 1372mm (4ft 6in) for aerial gunnery. The height has been coordinated within the program as the minimum that hides both the electrical equipment and the targetry based on a relatively flat angle of fire from the shooter to the target, generally +/- 2 degrees.

Angle of Fire

The angle of fire (AOF) from the gun barrel to the target is a critical parameter on a range that affects the functionality in a number of ways. Certain range and weapon types have a limit on the allowable angle of fire, e.g. a Known Distance range limits the AOF to +/- 2 degrees. Refer to the installation trainers, applicable training manuals, and the RDG section for specific range types for additional information and guidance. In addition, the amount of the target that is visible to shooters can affect the ability to qualify, i.e. it is harder to hit the target when only half of it is visible. Finally, rounds can hit and damage targetry and electrical equipment on higher angles of fire.

The standard SAT emplacement with a 42-inch front wall and a 2-percent slope on the berm provides adequate protection for AOF of +/- 2 degrees. Greater angles require special design consideration. Higher negative angles may require increasing the front wall height, adjusting the slope of the berm to match the AOF, or some other method. Theoretically, the minimum wall height hides the electrical equipment, including the target arms and clamps, up to a -10o AOF, higher with the aviation wall height. In situations with a positive AOF, greater than 2 degrees, the berm itself begins to hide the target. Adjustments to the berm slope may be necessary.

On ranges where target engagement is from multiple points, the designer must coordinate closely with the installation and the targetry provider to determine the correct front wall height. The emplacement protection is also critical for aviation gunnery.

Wall Design

Typical retaining walls are designed using concrete gravity block or wood timbers and steel piles. Design the walls so that the top section is replaceable in case of damage. Filter fabric is normally required. The design of the SAT walls must take in consideration the stability of the wall, including site-specific geotechnical conditions. The design must include overturning, sliding, and settling.

Berm Criteria

The Target Protection Design Curves, in the Target Protection Section of the RDG, provide the recommended thickness for emplacement protective berms. The curve thicknesses provide protection from many bullet impacts; the amount of soil needed to stop a single round is significantly less. The berm must protect the emplacement from all anticipated directions of fire, but is thickest in the expected direction of fire. Use thinner berms to protect the emplacement from occasional directions of fire and ricochets. The standard berm extensions are ¼ of the berm thickness; see figure below.

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Determine the berm thicknesses based on projectile type, soil compaction, and the in-place soil density. In addition, the designer must coordinate with the range trainer or user to determine the appropriate berm thickness for each target, since individual target siting may dictate added target protection. Design the berm to withstand the largest weapon system that will engage that group of targets. At a minimum, berm widths will be at least 4 feet to facilitate ease of maintenance.

Historical experience shows that, under normal usage, well-compacted berms, designed with the recommended widths require maintenance cycles of 6-months on most range types. Ranges without fixed firing positions and those with lower usage can go much longer between maintenance cycles.

Direction of Fire

The direction of fire (DOF) is the horizontal angle from perpendicular to the target. The standard berm provides full thickness protection for DOF of +/- 20 degrees and adequate protection to +/-

30 degrees or more. Due to SDZ and range safety considerations, it is uncommon to engage targets regularly at larger DOF; coordinate with the RTLP MCX in those cases. The standard berm will protect the electronics and mechanism from errant rounds and ricochets to much higher DOF, up 90 degrees.

Electrical/Communications

This section documents the electrical/communication requirements and equipment installed in a

SIT emplacement. It primarily focuses on standard targets with hardwired power and data; a

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D e s ig n G u paragraph below has information on battery-operated targets. The Downrange Power & Data

Distribution Sections of the RDG describe requirements for downrange power distribution, data networks, transformers, trenching, etc. Use those sections in addition this document to design a complete range. In addition, since some range types have power and data requirements that differ from the standard, refer to the specific range section for details.

Target Emplacement Wall Configuration

Refer to the emplacement elevation figures below and the electrical detail drawings for typical wall configurations. The electrical equipment required in each SAT emplacement are the 1) Load

Center (LC), 2) Target Power Receptacle (TPR), 3) Auxiliary Power Receptacle, 4) GFCI

Maintenance Receptacle (MR), 5) and the data enclosure, along with the associated wiring and conduits which are not detailed in this document. The load center contains the secondary branch circuits and provides feed-through capability to the load center in the next adjoining target emplacement. Mount all boxes and receptacles on the front wall of the emplacement no higher than two inches below the top of the emplacement wall; this protects the boxes and receptacles from low rounds that might skim the top of the emplacement wall. The standard electrical detail drawings in the RDG include detailed drawings of the electrical equipment requirements for

SAT emplacements.

REPRESENTATIVE SAT ELEVATION DRAWING (NOT TO SCALE)

Routing

All conduits and/or cables should enter and exit from the side or rear of the emplacement. This cable routing helps to minimize damage to the cables from range operations and maintenance crews performing berm repair.

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Grounding

Grounding is required for safety at each downrange emplacement or equipment location. A

19mm (3/4in) by 3,050mm (10ft) copper-clad steel ground rod will be driven to a depth of

305mm (1ft) below finished grade at each emplacement or equipment location. The MTDP/TDP and load center equipment will be connected to the emplacement’s single ground rod with a #6

AWG bare copper conductor and exothermically welded connections. All data cable armor or shields must be bonded to the ground bar in the TDP. The design will leave a 3048mm (10ft) coil of #6 AWG bare copper that will be used to ground the target mechanism.

Surge Suppression

Provide surge protective devices (SPD) in the load center of all target emplacements. The surge suppression for the data communication cables will be provided by the target vendor during the installation of targets.

Conduit and Cable Fittings

All penetrations into the MTDP or TDP must be made with fittings approved for use with a

NEMA 4, 4X or 6P enclosure. Non-compliance with this requirement will result in equipment failure. The standard electrical detail drawings in the RDG illustrate the preferred sealing method. Foam filled conduits are not acceptable. The SIT load center only requires a

NEMA 3R rated enclosure. Provide fittings approved for use with a NEMA 3R enclosure for connection to the load center.

Target Outlets

Target Power Receptacles and Auxiliary Power Receptacles must be equipped with a waterproof enclosure approved for use with the power plug inserted and unattended, according to NEC

406.8(B) (2). The emplacement outlet configurations are shown in the Table below:

SAT EMPLACEMENT TARGET INTERFACE SPECIFICS

TARGET POWER

RECEPTACLE

AUXILIARY

POWER

RECEPTACLE

FIBER OPTIC

CABLE

CONNECTORS

CATEGORY 5e OR

BETTER CABLE

CONNECTORS

NEMA L14-20R NEMA L5-20R Type “SC” MALE, RJ45

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TARGET POWER RECEPTACLE (TPR) – AUXILIARY POWER RECEPTACLE (APR)

SAT EMPLACEMENT TARGET POWER TABLE

Standard Target Interface

All targets operate at 240 V. Power is supplied to the target through a 120/240V cord and plug connection. The target emplacement shall be provided with a standard 120/240V receptacle that is supplied power through a circuit breaker that is located inside the target emplacement. An auxiliary 120 V outlet is provided in the target emplacement for additional devices or training

EMPLACEMENT

TYPE

POWER FEED

TYPE

PEAK

STATIC

LOAD

DESIGN

LOAD

SAT with Thermal

Blanket

120/240VAC

Single Phase

2kVA While raising or lowering target. Add

1kVA if Thermal Blanket is utilized.

100VA

2.8kVA

Total Design Load 2.8kVA

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D e s ig n G u aids that may be added to the target mechanism. Thermal blankets are the most common devices that are added to the target mechanisms that utilize this power outlet. The specific components used to supply power to the target mechanisms installed inside each target emplacement is fully defined in the remaining sections.

Target and training device communication is accomplished by equipment installed inside the data enclosure located in each target emplacement. All networking equipment will be provided with the target mechanism when the target mechanism is purchased. The target mechanisms are normally purchased with Other Appropriations-Army (OPA) funded target installation contracts.

The range data infrastructure should be installed with data cables to the target emplacement and these cables should be properly terminated inside the target emplacement data enclosures. These data enclosures are referred to as either a Target Data Panel (TDP) or a Master Target Data Panel

(MTDP), and they are fully defined in other sections of this document. The target mechanism installer will interface with the data cables inside these enclosures during the installation of the targets. The schematic below provides an overview of the wiring responsibilities inside the data enclosures.

MTDP DATA WIRING SCHEMATIC

The Master Target Data Panel (MTDP), or the Target Data Panel (TDP) must be rated NEMA 4, 4X, or 6P depending on environmental conditions (refer to Conduit and Cable Fittings section below for connections). The MTDP/TDP contains the electronics for local target operation, including data cable splicing and terminations. Data cabling shall enter and exit the data panels through approved cable seal fittings (refer to Conduit and Cable Fittings below). All fiber optic cabling will be terminated with SC type connectors, and the network cables will be terminated

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D e s ig n G u with CAT 5e or better rated RJ45 connectors. The MTDP and TDP provides space for Other

Appropriations-Army (OPA) funded equipment which may include the fiber optic jumpers, switch/media converter, target data outlet, and network cables. The OPA equipment is installed by others and not the MILCON contractor. The designer must ensure the dimensions of the data panel are consistent with those dimensions stated on the detail plans for the MTDP and TDP equipment. A 120v AC power outlet is provided in the TDP for “Use by Others”. The TDP and the GFCI maintenance receptacle may utilize the same power circuit, but the TDP equipment must be wired ahead of the maintenance to ensure no nuisance tripping occurs. Reference the

Electrical and Civil Details in the directory of the Range Design Guide for more information pertaining to the MTDP, TDP and their mounting requirements.

Target Data Connection

All automated targets are connected to the data cable infrastructure through copper patch cables provided by the target vendor. The interface point between the facility infrastructure and the target installation occurs through the faceplate in the weatherproof outlet box installed immediately adjacent to the MTDP or TDP enclosure. The target vendor will penetrate the face plate on the outlet box and install a weatherproof coupling mechanism that mates with the patch cord provided with their targets.

TARGET DATA CONNECTION

Environmental Limits

The temperature and humidity limits for electronic equipment are as follows:

Non-operating and operating temperature: -34°C (-30°F) to 60°C (140°F).

Humidity: 5% to 95% RH (non-condensing).

Battery Operated Targets

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Targets that are battery operated do not need any of the electrical equipment in the SIT.

Depending on the soil conditions and other factors, a ground rod may be necessary; coordinate with the RTLP-MCX.

US Army Corps

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GRAPHIC SCALES:

02 2 4

SCALE: 1" = 2'

10010

SCALE: 1" = 10'

PLAN (FRONTAL)

SECTION

SCALE: 1" = 2'SAT-FRSAT-FR

A

FILTER FABRIC

GRANULAR DRAINAGE MATERIAL

2% SLOPE

[#4 @ 12" O.C.E.W.] CENTERED IN SLAB

WITH #13 REBAR @ 300mm O.C.E.W.

[10' x 10' x 6"] CONCRETE PAD 3048mm x 3048mm x 152mm

GRANULAR DRAINAGE MATERIAL

ENTIRE FOOTPRINT OF EMPLACEMENT

COMPACTED SUBGRADE

152mm [6"]

152mm [6"]

305mm [1'-0"]

152mm [6"] 2% SLOPE

COMPACTED FILL

FILTER FABRIC

[3"]

76mm

CONCRETE BLOCKS - STACKED

BOND

STACKED BOND

PRECAST WALL BLOCKS

3200mm [10'-6"]

CONTROL POINT (A)

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL

762mm

[2'-6"]

2% SLOPE

NOTE 4)

(SEE DESIGNER

VARIES

THICKNESS

BERM

ANGLE OF FIRE

OF FIRE

DIRECTION

SCALE: 1" = 10'

SAT-FR SAT-FR

A

[14'-0"]

4267mm

[10'-0"]

3048mm

STACKED BOND

PRECAST WALL BLOCKS

GRANULAR DRAINAGE MATERIAL

TOE OF BERM

(T Y

P

:1 m m

[1

S L

O P

E

CONTROL POINT (A)

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL

3:1

(TYP.)

CONTROL POINT (B)

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL

S

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:1

(T Y

P

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IR

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IO

N

O F F

IR

E

TOE OF BERM

NUMBERING SCHEME.

LABEL EACH EMPLACEMENT COORDINATE. COORDINATE WITH RANGE CONTROL FOR

PROVIDE 13mm [1#2"] CHAMFER ON ALL EXPOSED CONCRETE SURFACES.

1372mm [4'-6"].

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE INDICATED AS FOLOWS: METRIC UNITS [ENGLISH] FOR INSTANCE,

TARGET AS VIEWED FROM FIRING POINT.

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL CONTROL POINT (A) IS LOCATED ON THE LEFT SIDE OF

NOT REDUCE TARGET VISIBILITY.

RESURFACED CONSISTENT WITH THE NATURAL SURROUNDINGS. GROUND COVER SHALL

AREAS DISTURBED BY CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES SHALL BE REVEGETATED OR

HEIGHT OF THE WALL.

FILTER FABRIC SHALL BE INSTALLED BEHIND THE WALLS. FABRIC SHALL EXTEND THE FULL

IF RETAINING WALLS ARE CONSTRUCTED OF TREATED TIMBERS OR CONCRETE BLOCKS

ALL REINFORCING STEEL SHALL BE PER ASTM A615, GRADE 60.

28 DAYS.

CONCRETE SHALL DEVELOP A MINIMUM COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF 28 MPa (4000PSI) IN

GENERAL NOTES:

8.

7.

6.

5.

4.

3.

2.

1.

3:1

(TYP.)

(SEE DESIGNER NOTE 4)

BERM EXTENSION VARIES

(S E

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IG

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H

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A L

FRONTAL STATIONARY ARMOR TARGET EMPLACEMENT

DRAWING FOR COMBINED EMPLACEMENTS.

REFER TO STATIONARY ARMOR TARGET WITH POWER CENTER (SAT-PC)

TARGET MOVEMENT/LAYDOWN.

A MINIMUM OF 6 METERS (20’) CLEAR SPACE BEHIND THE FRONT WALL FOR

THE SAT ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND TARGET LIFTER/SILHOUETTE REQUIRES

SITE-SPECIFIC GEOTECHNICAL REPORT.

THE 3:1 BERM SLOPES SHOWN ARE TYPICAL; ADJUST BASED ON A

INCLUDING BELOW GRADE EMPLACEMENTS

THE DESIGN MUST INCLUDE POSITIVE DRAINAGE AWAY FROM THE TARGET,

PROTECTION UP TO +/- 30 DEGREES.

FOR DIRECTIONS OF FIRE OF UP TO +/- 20 DEGREES AND ADEQUATE

BERM EXTENSIONS OF ¼ OF THE BERM THICKNESS PROVIDE FULL PROTECTION

FOR THE REQUIRED BERM THICKNESS AND BERM EXTENSION REQUIREMENTS.

REFER TO THE TARGET EMPLACEMENT PROTECTION SECTION OF THE RDG

THE TOP 300MM (1’) MUST BE REPLACEABLE.

CAST-IN-PLACE/PRE-CAST CONCRETE, OR THE GRAVITY BLOCK WALL SHOWN.

GEOTECHNICAL REPORT. RETAINING WALLS MAY BE TREATED TIMBERS,

RETAINING WALLS REQUIRE LOCATION SPECIFIC DESIGN BASED ON THE

GREATER ANGLES OF FIRE.

ANGLE OF FIRE. COORDINATE WITH THE INSTALLATION AND THE RTLP-MCX FOR

THE TARGET LIFTER INCLUDING THE TARGET ARMS UP TO A 10 DEGREE DOWN

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR AN ANGLE OF FIRE OF +/- 2 DEGREES AND HIDES

FOR AERIAL GUNNERY, PROVIDES FULL PROTECTION FOR THE TARGETRY AND

THE MINIMUM FRONT WALL HEIGHT OF 1.07 METERS (3’-6”), 1.37 METERS (4’-6”),

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND REQUIREMENTS.

REFER TO THE STATIONARY ARMOR TARGETS WRITE-UP IN THE RDG FOR

DESIGNER NOTES

8.

7.

6.

5.

4.

3.

2.

1.

(SEE DESIGNER NOTE 2)

1067mm [3'-6"] FOR TANK GUNNERY 1372mm [4'-6"] FOR AERIAL GUNNERY

US Army Corps

S O

L

IC

IT

A T

IO

N N

O

D E

S

IG

N E

D B

Y

D E

S C

R

IP

T

IO

N

A

M A

R K

S

IZ

E

S U

B M

IT

T E

D B

Y

D A

T E

C O

N T

R A

C T N

O

C H

E C

K E

D B

Y

D R

A W

N B

Y

IS

S

U E D

A T

E

B

C

D

E

F

G

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

P R

O J E

C T N

U M

B E

R

H U

N T S

V

IL

L E

A L A

B A

M A

E N

G

IN

E E

R

U P P

O R

T

C

E N

T E

R

U S

A R

M Y

C

O R

E

N G

IN

E E

R S

A U

G U

S T

R A

N G

E A

N D T

R A

IN

IN

G L

A N

D P

R O

G R

A M

S T

A N

D A

R D D

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N M

A N

U A

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GRAPHIC SCALES:

02 2 4

SCALE: 1" = 2'

10010

SCALE: 1" = 10'

ANGLE OF FIRE

SECTION

PLAN (FLANK)

SCALE: 1" = 2'SAT-FLSAT-FL

A

SAT-FL

A

SAT-FL

SCALE: 1" = 10'

GRANULAR DRAINAGE MATERIAL

ENTIRE FOOTPRINT OF EMPLACEMENT

COMPACTED SUBGRADE

[#4 @ 12" O.C.E.W.] CENTERED IN SLAB

WITH #13 REBAR @ 300mm O.C.E.W.

[10' x 10' x 6"] CONCRETE PAD 3048mm x 3048mm x 152mm

FILTER FABRIC

GRANULAR DRAINAGE MATERIAL

STACKED BOND

PRECAST WALL BLOCKS

S…