Attachment 7 - TS_313_Batteries 1.pdf

U.S. Coast Guard Naval Engineering Technical Standard

Title

Prepared by:

Lead Engineer Date

Approved by:

Technical Warrant Holder, Date Shipboard Electrical Systems

Reviewed by:

Chief, Engineering Services Division Date Surface Forces Logistics Center

Approved by:

Chief Office of Naval Engineering (CG-45), Deputy Warranting Officer for Naval Engineering

Date

Distribution Statement D: Distribution Authorized to the DHS/ USCG/DOD and their contractors to protect publications required for official use or for administrative or operational purposes only, determined on 9 DEC 2010. Other requests shall be referred to: Commander SFLC-ESD-TIMB 2401 Hawkins Point Rd M/S 25 Baltimore MD, 21226

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Published by Commander, Surface Forces Logistics Center

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SFLC TECHNICAL STANDARD 313

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Batteries

1. SCOPE

1.1 Intent. This standard provides the general requirements for the installation, maintenance, repair and inspection of installed battery systems.

1.2 Revisions. The following requirements changes were merged into this revision:

Revision Section

Initial Authoring All

1.3 Appendices.

None.

2. REFERENCES

COAST GUARD DRAWINGS None

COAST GUARD PUBLICATIONS

46 CFR 111.15 Storage Batteries and Battery Chargers: Construction & Installation

46 CFR 112.30 Emergency Lighting and Power Systems: Emergency Systems Having and Automatically Connected Storage Battery as the Sole Emergency power Source

46 CFR 112.50 Emergency Diesel and Gas Turbine Engine Driven Generator Sets

46 CFR 112.55 Emergency Lighting and Power Systems: Storage Battery Installation

OTHER REFERENCES

Special Topic Safety Information, Electronic Cigarettes of 3Feb2017

IEC Publication IEC 62040-1: Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) – Parts 1 through 5

Naval Ship’s Technical Manual, NSTM, S9086-KR-STM-010/ CH-313R2, Portable Storage and Dry Batteries

3. REQUIREMENTS

3.1 General Information.

3.1.1 Definitions.

3.1.1.1 Uninterruptible Power System (UPS). Combination of converter, inverter, switches and energy storage means, for example batteries, constituting a power supply system for maintaining

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continuity of load power in case of input power failure (IEC publication 62040: Parts 1 -5 as applicable).

Off-line UPS unit. A UPS unit where under normal operation the output load is powered from the input power supply (via bypass) and only transferred to the inverter if the input power supply fails or goes outside preset limits. This transition will invariably result in a brief break in the load supply.

On-line UPS unit. A UPS unit where under normal operation the output load is powered from the inverter, and will therefore continue to operate without break in the event of the power supply input failing or going outside preset limits.

3.1.2 Shipping and Storage. Refer to NSTM, S9086-KR-STM-010/CH-313R2, Sections 313-2.2 and 313-2.3 for guidance on shipping, storage and placing batteries into service. Refer to 46 CFR 111.15 for installation guidance.

3.1.3 Batteries as Main Source of Power.

3.1.3.1 General Requirement. Batteries that shall be used for power supply shall be sized for the time required for the intended function at an ambient temperature of 0°C, unless heating is provided, and shall meet requirements in 46 CFR 112.55.

Charging. Each battery shall have its own dedicated charging device.

Charging for Battery Powered Systems. Battery powered systems shall have a separate charging device, suitable for the actual service and shall meet the requirements established in 46 CFR 112.55-10.

Charger Rating. Each charging device is, at a minimum, to have sufficient rating for recharging to 80% capacity within 10 hours, while operating the system under normal load conditions.

Battery Charger. The battery charger shall be suitable to keep the battery in full charged condition (float charge) while taking into account battery characteristics, temperature and load variations. If the battery requires special voltage regulation to obtain effective recharging, then this is to be automatic.

Battery Monitoring. An alarm shall be given at a manned control station if the charging of a battery fails and if the battery is being discharged.

Installation. Battery installations shall comply with the requirements referenced in this technical standard.

3.1.4 Batteries for Engine Starting.

3.1.4.1 General Requirements. Engine starting batteries are to be installed in the same space where the engine is installed, and are to be located as close as possible to the engine. The starting batteries (or set of batteries) are to be used for starting and for the engine’s own control and monitoring purpose only. When the starting batteries are used for the engine’s own control

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and monitoring purpose, the aggregate capacity of the batteries is to be sufficient for continued operation of such a system in addition to the required starting capacity.

Propulsion Engines. Where the propulsion engine is arranged for electric starting, at least two separate batteries (or separate sets of batteries) are to be fitted. The arrangement is to be such that the batteries (or sets of batteries) cannot be connected simultaneously in parallel and each battery (or set) is to be capable of starting the propulsion engine. The combined capacity of the batteries is to be sufficient without recharging to provide within 30 minutes the number of starts of the propulsion engines required for the starting, and, if arranged, also to supply starting for the auxiliary engine, the number of starts require in 46 CFR 112.

Auxiliary Engines. Electric starting arrangements for auxiliary engines are to have at least two separate batteries (or separate sets of batteries) or may be supplied by separate circuits from the propulsion engine batteries, when such are provided. Where one auxiliary engine is arranged for electric starting, one battery (or set) may be accepted in lieu of two separate batteries (or sets). The capacity of the batteries for starting the auxiliary engines is to be sufficient, without recharging, for at least three starts for each engine.

Emergency Engines. Emergency engines shall meet the requirements of 46 CFR 112.50.

3.1.5 Batteries With NiCd and Lead Acid Technologies.

3.1.5.1 Battery Requirement. NiCd and Lead Acid Batteries shall follow the requirements in 46 CFR 111.15. Each battery shall have its own dedicated charging device.

Installation. The installation of batteries shall be as required by 46 CFR subpart 111.15.

Hazardous Areas. Batteries installed in hazardous areas shall follow the requirements found in 46 CFR parts 111.15 and 111.105-41.

Battery System. Each battery powered system shall have a separate charging device which may include:

3.1.5.1.1 A charging device supplied from the vessel’s primary or secondary electrical power.

A charging dynamo driven by one of the engines which the battery normally supplies.

(Exception: This is not allowed for auxiliary emergency generators, or emergency fire pumps).

Charging Rating. Each charging device is to have, at a minimum, sufficient rating for recharging 80% capacity within 10 hours, while operating the system under normal load.

Battery Charger. The battery charger shall keep the battery in full charged condition (float charge) taking into account the various battery characteristics. If the battery requires special voltage regulation to obtain effective recharging, then this is to be automatic.

Monitoring. An alarm shall sound at a manned control station if the battery charging fails or if the battery is being discharged.

3.1.6 Battery Technologies Other Than NiCd and Lead Acid.

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3.1.6.1 General Information. This section describes the requirements for battery technologies other than NiCd and lead acid batteries.

Installations. The installation of batteries shall be as required by 46 CFR subpart 111.15.

Hazardous Gasses. Batteries that may release hazardous gasses if ruptured shall be installed per the requirements found in 46 CFR 111.105.

Battery Rooms

3.1.6.1.1 A safety analysis shall be done to include both internal and external risks. The safety assessment shall determine if the space is to be classified as a hazardous location and if any of the following systems are required:

• Structural Fire Protection

• Fire and Gas Detection

• Fire Extinguishing

• Ventilation

The arrangement of the battery spaces must be such that a hazardous situation that may be caused by a breakdown of the batteries cannot lead to loss of propulsion or auxiliary power for vital systems.

3.1.7 Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS).

3.1.7.1 General

3.1.7.1.1 These requirements to UPS units apply when providing an alternative power supply or transitional power supply to services as defined in 46 CFR § 112. A UPS unit complying with these requirements may provide an alternative power supply as an accumulator battery in terms of being an independent power supply for services defined in 46 CFR § 112.

3.1.7.2 Design and Construction

3.1.7.2.1 UPS units are to be constructed in accordance with IEC 62040, or an acceptable and relevant national or international standard. Battery ventilation shall be designed in accordance with 46 CFR 111.105.

All installed UPS are to be designed for shipboard use and conform to MIL-STD-1399 interface requirements. UPS must operate on ungrounded systems and when the input power switch is secured, all input power lines shall be interrupted.

The operation of the UPS is not to depend upon external services.

The type of UPS unit employed, whether off-line or on-line, is to be appropriate to the power supply requirements of the connected load equipment.

A bypass or a second UPS in parallel is to be provided.

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The UPS unit is to be monitored. An audible and visual alarm is to be given on the ship’s alarm system for

• Power supply failure (voltage and frequency) to the connected load,

• Earth fault, if applicable,

• Operation of battery protective device,

• When the battery is being discharged, and

• When the UPS is not operating under normal condition.

3.1.7.3 Performance

3.1.7.3.1 The output power is to be maintained for the duration required for the connected equipment as stated in 46 CFR § 112.

No additional circuits are to be connected to the UPS unit without verification that the UPS unit has adequate capacity. The UPS battery capacity is, at all times, to be capable of supplying the designated loads for the time specified in 46 CFR § 112.

On restoration of the input power supply, the rating of the charge unit shall be sufficient to recharge the batteries while maintaining the output supply to the load equipment.

3.2 Safety. Consult the applicable technical manual for safe practices when operating, charging, repairing, storing, testing or maintaining the batteries. To prevent short circuits, care shall be exercised in the use of tools on or near a battery.

3.3 Operating Principles.

3.4 Inspection. Specific requirements for charging procedures, normal operation procedures of the battery system, emergency operations and estimated battery deterioration rate curves are documented in the manufacturer’s technical manual for the battery system.

3.5 Repair. Specific requirements shall be as defined in Cutter specific manufacturer technical manuals.

3.5.1 Seawater Contamination. Batteries which have been immersed in the sea long enough for seawater to leak through the vent plugs are considered unfit for further service and shall be replaced and never repaired.

3.5.2 Shipboard Repair. Shipboard repair should be performed only under the following conditions:

3.5.2.1 No replacement battery is readily available and the existing battery is capable of being repaired.

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The minor repairs required, such as a small crack in the jar, terminal post, or intercell connector;

unsealed spots of sealing compound between cell cover and case; or other repairs, can be made quickly and readily aboard the ship.

3.6 Maintenance. Maintenance shall be conducted in accordance with the applicable technical manuals.

3.7 Tests/Inspections. Test of batteries and their associated chargers shall be conducted in accordance with the applicable technical publication.

4. NOTES

4.1 Electronic Nicotine Devices (ENDs) Onboard CG Cutters. Although not an element of a cutter’s electrical system, discussion is provided on this topic within this Technical Standard.

Future revisions of this document will not include this topic as guidance will be provided via a more appropriate forum.

There is a wide range of products that fit under the title of ENDs and there is very little regulation of the industry with regards to the lithium ion batteries that are used in ENDs.

Problems generally occur when the ENDs overheat while charging.

CG-113 has developed Special Topic Safety Information, Electronic Cigarettes, to provide an update on the perceived safety risks associated with ENDs, with promulgation of guidance that prohibits use of ENDs on operational Coast Guard Units expected via ALCOAST. TWH’s recommendations to CG-45 pending final guidance promulgation and to be followed by afloat assets are:

1. Cutters should update their tobacco use policies to specifically include ENDs use.

2. Identify a location for ENDs charging on each vessel which should not be within a berthing area or an area with high concentrations of combustibles.

3. ENDs shall only be charged with the manufacturer provided USB charging cable.

4. Training should be given to arriving personnel who use ENDs on the dangers associated with the unregulated batteries and the cutter’s policies in regards to charging and usage locations.

5. Personnel should also be encouraged to do thorough market research on the safety of a product before they purchase an ENDS.