16-140th Parcel Grps 34 Appraisal.pdf
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- Attached to
- Program Year (PY) 2026 New Construction Development of County Owned Affordable Housing Infill Property
- Solicitation number
- RFP-26-00304
- Issued by
- Hillsborough County, Florida
About this file
This is an appraisal report prepared by Dohring Ahern, Inc. for the Hillsborough County Facilities Management & Real Estate Services Department, specifically addressing the valuation of a 2.9-acre portfolio of nine vacant residential parcels located at the northwest and southwest corners of North 22nd Street and East 140th Avenue in Tampa, Florida. The appraisal, effective as of April 23, 2024, evaluates three separate assignments: Assignment 1 comprising parcels 1-6 with 46 potential multifamily units; Assignment 2 comprising parcels 7-8 with 8 potential units; and Assignment 3 comprising parcel 9 with 4 potential units. All parcels are owned by Hillsborough County and currently zoned as either UCA-MS (University Community Area Main Street) or RMC-20 (Residential Multifamily Conventional), with an overall future land use designation of R-20 allowing approximately 58 total residential units. The subject properties are vacant land with existing water, sewer, and electric utilities available to the lots and are situated in Flood Zone X, requiring no flood hazard insurance.
The appraiser utilized the Sales Comparison Approach, which is the standard method for valuing vacant land, analyzing five comparable multifamily land sales that occurred between December 2021 and May 2024 within the Tampa metropolitan area. After adjustments for location, site size, zoning, and utilities, the comparable sales ranged from $16,875 to $33,666 per unit, with a mean of $24,444 per unit. The appraiser concluded a value of $25,000 per unit across all assignments, resulting in final market value opinions of $1,150,000 for Assignment 1 (46 units), $200,000 for Assignment 2 (8 units), and $100,000 for Assignment 3 (4 units), for a combined total valuation of $1,450,000. The appraisal assumes a 12-month marketing and exposure period and is based on a fee simple interest valuation with no extraordinary assumptions or hypothetical conditions applied.
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1110 N. Florida Avenue, Suite 110 Tampa, FL 33602 813.223.9111 DohringAhern.com
APPRAISAL | BROKERAGE
APPRAISAL REPORT
Assignments 1/2/3 SWC 22nd Street & 140th Avenue A 2.9 Acre Portfolio of Vacant Residential Lots (9 Parcels) Parcel 1 – Folio 035656-0000 Parcel 6 – Folio 035662-0000 Parcel 2 – Folio 035657-0000 Parcel 7 – Folio 035633-0000 Parcel 3 – Folio 035658-0000 Parcel 8 – Folio 035633-0100 Parcel 4 – Folio 035659-0000 Parcel 9 – Folio 035608-0000 Parcel 5 – Folio 035661-0000
Prepared For:
Facilities Management & Real Estate Services Department 601 East Kennedy Boulevard Tampa, Florida 33602
Requested By:
Mr. John Menard Real Estate Appraiser Real Estate Division
As Of: April 23, 2024
A P P R A I S A L | B R O K E R A G E
Street View of Subject Property(s)
Aerial View of Subject Property(s)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction 1
Summary of Salient Facts and Conclusions 1 Purpose of the Appraisal 2 Intended Use/Client and Intended User(s) 2 Competency of the Appraisers 2 Interest Appraised 2 Effective Date of Value 2 Date of Report 2 Inspection 4 Methodology 4
Site Description 4
Zoning 7
Flood Information 7 Utilities 7 Ownership and Subject Property History 7 Taxes and Assessments 7
Neighborhood Description 7
Economic Drivers 12
COVID-19 13
Highest and Best Use 14
Physically Possible 15 Legally Permissible 17 Financially Feasible/Maximally Productive 18 Market Position of Subject 19
Valuation 21
Sales Comparison Approach 21
Land Comparables Map 33 Land Sales Analysis 34
“As Is” Market Value via Sales Comparison
Approach 35
“As Is” Market Value via Sales Comparison
Approach 35
“As Is” Market Value via Sales Comparison
Approach 35
Summary and Reconciliation 36
Certification 38
Assumptions 41
Definitions 44
Addenda 47
Subject Photos 47 Area Map 52 Neighborhood Map 53
Plat Map 54 Aerial Map 55 Zoning Map 56 Zoning Map 57 Land Use Map 58 Land Use Map 59 Flood Map 60 Wetland Map 61 Engagement Letter 88 Qualifications 91
Brenda Dohring Hicks, MAI
CEO |Cert Gen RZ385
Jeff Hicks, MAI
President | Cert Gen RZ754
1110 N. Florida Avenue, Ste 110
813.223.9111
DohringAhern.com
July 9, 2024
Mr. John Menard Real Estate Appraiser Real Estate Division Facilities Management & Real Estate Services Department 601 East Kennedy Boulevard
Re: Assignment 1/2/3 – SWC 22nd Street & 140th Avenue A 2.9 Acre Portfolio of Vacant Residential Lots (9 Parcels) Parcel 1 – Folio 035656-0000 Parcel 6 – Folio 035662-0000 Parcel 2 – Folio 035657-0000 Parcel 7 – Folio 035633-0000 Parcel 3 – Folio 035658-0000 Parcel 8 – Folio 035633-0100 Parcel 4 – Folio 035659-0000 Parcel 9 – Folio 035608-0000 Parcel 5 – Folio 035661-0000
Dear Mr. Menard:
Thank you for the opportunity to provide appraisal services. Based on our agreement with you, we have performed an appraisal and reported our findings in this Appraisal Report format. This report is intended to comply with the reporting requirements under Standards Rule 2.2 of the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP). The depth of discussion contained in this report is specific to the needs of the client and for the intended use stated below. Dohring Ahern is not responsible for unauthorized use of this report.
The subject property is located on the northwest corner and southwest corner of North 22nd Street and East 140th Avenue (Parcels 1-8) in Tampa, Hillsborough County. The subject also includes Parcel 9 located at 1516 140th Avenue. The nine parcel valuation comprises approximately 2.9 gross acres of vacant land, with existing water, sewer and electric to the residential lots.
All the lots except for Lot 9 are zoned UCA-MS “University Community Area Main Street” by Hillsborough County. Lot 9 is zoned RMC-20 “Residential Multifamily Conventional” by Hillsborough County. All of the lots have an R-20 “Residential 20” future land use district which translates to the potential of approximately 58 residential units. All subject parcels are owned by Hillsborough County.
This report is the result of the appraiser and client concurring on the appropriate valuation methods based on the subject property specifics resulting in a credible value opinion. The scope of the appraisal is addressed on the following pages, while the definition of Market Value is found at the end of this report.
This appraisal does not include any extraordinary assumptions or hypothetical conditions. The following table summarizes our relevant data and value conclusions.
Dohring Ahern
Introduction
Summary of Salient Facts and Conclusions
Property Address Parcel 1 – 13808 North 22nd Street, Tampa, Florida 33613 Parcel 2 – 13810 North 22nd Street, Tampa, Florida 33613 Parcel 3 – 13812 North 22nd Street, Tampa, Florida 33613 Parcel 4 - 13815 North 21st Street, Tampa, Florida 33613 Parcel 5 – 13813 North 21st Street, Tampa, Florida 33613 Parcel 6 – 13805 North 21st Street, Tampa, Florida 33613 Parcel 7 – 14004 North 22nd Street, Tampa, Florida 33613 Parcel 8 – 2106 East 140th Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33613 Parcel 9 – 1516 140th Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33613
Property Tax Identification Number(s) Parcel 1 – U-06-28-19-1GI-000002-00010.0 Parcel 2 – U-06-28-19-1GI-000002-00011.0 Parcel 3 – U-06-28-19-1GI-000002-00012.0 Parcel 4 – U-06-28-19-1GI-000002-00013.0 Parcel 5 – U-06-28-19-1GI-000002-00014.1 Parcel 6 – U-06-28-19-1GI-000002-00015.0 Parcel 7 – U-06-28-19-1GI-000001-00001.1 Parcel 8 – U-06-28-19-1GI-000001-00001.2 Parcel 9 – U-06-28-19-1GH-000007-00012.0
Owner(s) of Record Hillsborough County
Date of the Report July 9, 2024
Effective Date of the Appraisal April 23, 2024
Property Rights Appraised Fee Simple Interest
Land Area 2.9 gross acres
Zoning All the lots except for Lot 9 are zoned UCA-MS “University Community Area Main Street” by Hillsborough County. Lot 9 is zoned RMC-20 “Residential Multifamily Conventional” by Hillsborough County. All of the lots have an R-20 “Residential 20” future land use
Extraordinary Assumptions None
Hypothetical Conditions None
Highest and Best Use Multifamily Residential
Est. Exposure Time & Marketing Period 12 months
“As Is” Market Value Conclusions Assignment 1 Parcels 1-6 46 Units
Assignment 2 Parcels 7 & 8 8 Units
Assignment 3 Parcel 9 4 Units
Cost Approach n/a n/a n/a
Sales Comparison Approach $1,150,000 $200,000 $100,000
Income Approach n/a n/a n/a
Final Value Conclusion $1,150,000 $200,000 $100,000
Purpose of the Appraisal
The purpose of this appraisal is to estimate the “As Is” Market Value of the fee simple interest of the subject.
Intended Use/Client and Intended User(s)
The intended use of this report is for valuation purposes. It is our understanding that the intended user and client of the report is Hillsborough County, the only intended user of this report. Use of this report by Third-Parties and other unintended users is not permitted.
This report must be used in its entirety. Reliance on any portion of the report independent of others may lead the reader to erroneous conclusions regarding the property values. Dissemination of any or all of the report is strictly prohibited for any marketing efforts, print or any electronic means. The definition of Market Value relied upon is included before the Addenda.
Competency of the Appraisers
The appraisers' specific qualifications are included within this report. These qualifications serve as evidence of their competence for the completion of this appraisal assignment in compliance with the competency provision in USPAP.
The appraisers' knowledge and experience, combined with their professional qualifications, are commensurate with the complexity of this assignment. The appraisers have previously provided consultation and value estimates for properties similar to the subject in Florida.
Interest Appraised
Fee Simple Interest is absolute ownership unencumbered by any other interest or estate, subject only to the limitations imposed by the governmental powers of taxation, eminent domain, police power, and escheat.
Effective Date of Value
April 23, 2024
Date of Report
July 9, 2024
Scope of Work
Scope of work is the most critical decision an appraiser will make in performing an assignment.
Solving an appraisal problem involves three steps:
1. Identifying the problem
2. Determining the solution (or scope of work)
3. Applying the solution
None of the three steps can be omitted, and each must be performed in order. To analyze the problem, the appraiser identifies seven key assignment elements: (1) client, (2) intended users in addition to the client, (3) intended use, (4) objective of the appraisal, or type of value and its definition,
(5) effective date, (6) property characteristics that are relevant to the assignment such as the interest to be valued and physical and legal characteristics), and (7) assignment conditions such as hypothetical conditions, extraordinary assumptions, and other requirements. These elements provide the framework for the assignment and allow the appraiser to identify the problem to be solved.
The second step is to determine the scope of work to solve the problem. Scope of work encompasses all aspects of the valuation process, including which approaches to value will be used; how much data is to be gathered, from what sources, from which geographic area, and over what time period; the extent of the data verification process; and the extent of property inspection, if any. The scope of work decision is appropriate when it allows the appraiser to arrive at credible assignment results and is consistent with the expectations of similar clients and the work that would be performed by the appraiser’s peers in a similar situation.
Source: Appraisal of Real Estate
Source: Stephanie Coleman, Scope of Work (Chicago: Appraisal Institute)
Inspection
Jeff Hicks has inspected the property and general neighborhood. Dohring Ahern, Inc.'s professionals are not engineers and are not competent to judge matters of an engineering nature, nor has Dohring Ahern, Inc. retained independent structural, mechanical, electrical, or civil engineers in connection with the report. As such, Dohring Ahern, Inc. makes no representations relative to the condition of the improvements, if any exist. Unless otherwise noted in the report, no problems were brought to the attention of Dohring Ahern, Inc.'s professionals by ownership or management.
Unless otherwise noted, Dohring Ahern, Inc.'s professionals inspected less than 100% of the entire interior and exterior portions of the improvements. If questions regarding engineering studies are critical to the decision process of the reader, the advice of competent engineering consultants should be obtained and relied upon.
Data Research
We collected factual information about the subject property and the surrounding market. Our research may include Crexi, LoopNet, MLS and to some degree the Hillsborough County Property Appraiser’s Office. We generally researched three years from the date of our valuation including reviewing any relevant current listings. We confirmed that information with various sources such as buyers, sellers and brokers.
Methodology
In this instance, we have used one of the three traditional approaches to value, the Sales Comparison Approach. The Cost and Income Approaches are not typically used to estimate value for vacant land. The Sales Comparison Approach provided sales of similar multifamily land as the subject in which to estimate Market Value.
Site Description
The subject property is located on the northwest corner and southwest corner of North 22nd Street and East 140th Avenue (Parcels 1-8) in Tampa, Hillsborough County. The subject also includes Parcel 9 located at 1516 140th Avenue.
Along the property segment, 22nd Street North is a two lane, undivided, neighborhood feeder road that extends north to Bearss Avenue and south to the University Square Mall. There are three access points along North 22nd Avenue and a dedicated bus stop lane along the east side of the subject segment.
No survey was provided. According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraiser’s office, the subject site physical details are summarized as follows:
The nine parcel valuation comprises approximately 2.9 gross acres of vacant. The parcels all have existing water, sewer and electric to the residential lots.
ASSIGNMENT 1/2/3
PARCEL DETAIL
Folio Front Depth SF Acre
Parcel 1 035656-0000 127 128 16,268 0.37
Parcel 2 035657-0000 123 124 15,302 0.35
Parcel 3 035658-0000 127 130 16,510 0.38
Parcel 4 035659-0000 127 135 17,185 0.39
Parcel 5 035661-0000 125 135 16,875 0.39
Parcel 6 035662-0000 128 134 17,092 0.39
Parcel 7 035633-0000 77 95 7,296 0.17
Parcel 8 035633-0100 99 77 7,623 0.18
Parcel 9 035608-0000 95 135 12,825 0.29
TOTAL 2.9
Google Aerial
Zoning
The property is zoned UCA-MS “University Community Area-Main Street” and RMC 20 “Residential/Multifamily Conventional 20” by Hillsborough County. The property has a Residential 20 future land use.
Flood Information
The subject site is generally at road grade level. Per FEMA Map No., 12057C0210H dated August 28, 2008, the property is situated in Flood Zone X. Flood hazard insurance is not required for buildings situated in this zone.
Utilities
Water service is provided by the city of Tampa. Sewer service is provided by the city of Tampa.
Phone service to the general area is provided by Frontier Communications. Police and fire services are provided by Hillsborough County. Electricity service is provided by Tampa Electric.
Ownership and Subject Property History
According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraiser’s Office, the current owner of record is Hillsborough County. The property is identified as U-06-28-19-1GI-000002-00010.0; U-06-28-19-1GI- 000002-00011.0; U-06-28-19-1GI-000002-00012.0; U-06-28-19-1GI-000002-00013.0; U-06-28-19-1GI- 000002-00014.1; U-06-28-19-1GI-000002-00015.0; U-06-28-19-1GI-000001-00001.1; U-06-28-19-1GI- 000001-00001.2; U-06-28-19-1GH-000007-00012.0, within section 6, township 28 and range 19.
We are not aware that the subject is either under contract to purchase, or actively listed for sale.
Folio 035633-0000 sold in February 2019 for $90,000 or $12.34 per square foot. No other sale of the property was noted in a five year sales search.
Taxes and Assessments
The current just market assessment for the combined subject parcels is $698,467 or $5.53 per square foot. The current total real estate taxes are $1,841.
Neighborhood Description
The neighborhood analysis provides the link between factors which influence the area as a whole and those which influence a particular property. The reason we analyze the neighborhood in the appraisal process is to determine how the four forces affecting value; social, economic, government and environmental, influence property values in the specific area in which the subject is located.
The stages of a neighborhood are generally described as follows.
➢ Growth - A period in which the neighborhood gains public favor and acceptance;
➢ Stability - A period of equilibrium without market gains or losses;
➢ Decline - A period of diminishing demand;
➢ Revitalization - A period of renewal, modernization and increasing demand.
The subject neighborhood comprises a mixture of commercial and residential uses, with commercial uses prevalent along Florida, Fletcher and Bearss Avenues. The residential base is primarily single-family housing, with some multifamily apartments and mobile home parks in the area. The residential base in the area is considered stable and the area is largely built out. More upscale homes can be found in Avila. The boundaries of zip code 33613 are presented below.
Zip Code Boundaries
Source: STDB
The table on the following page summarizes demographics in a one-mile radius of the subject property. Population within the radius is 30,166. The median age is 31.1 and the median household income is $32,053. There are 837 businesses and 12,911 employees in the radius. White collar employment is 45.1%, blue collar is 27.4%, and services round out the remaining 27.5%. The unemployment rate in the radius is 4.8%.
This area is impacted by the University of South Florida and they are actively impacting the neighborhood by purchasing sites converting them to parks or land banking for the community under the University Area Community Development Corporation (UACDC). The UACDC has been in operation for over 20 years and has performed over $80 million in construction development including a 50,000 square foot Community Center Complex and the 28 acre Muller Elementary Magnet School campus.
There were 50,577 students at University of South Florida ranking 28th in the nation for total research expenditures. USF employs over 3,000 full-time workers and generates more than $400 million in statewide impact annually.
Because the school has a large commuter population and due to the variety of programs offered, the neighborhood has become more diverse than typical university areas. The school is expected to continue to expand, especially in the medical-related fields. This should continue to have a positive impact on the neighborhood and surrounding area.
Medical facilities nearby USF include AdventHealth Pepin Heart Institute, Florida Hospital Florida Comprehensive Epilepsy and Seizure and the James A. Haley Veterans Hospital. A multi-story medical office building has been redeveloped at the northeast quadrant of Bruce B Downs Boulevard and Fletcher Avenue for the Tampa Center for Innovative Surgery.
Developments in the general subject area and its periphery are as follows:
Waterford Construction developed 10 buildings totaling 27,500 square feet on three acres at the northwest quadrant of the Veterans Expressway and Dale Mabry Highway, called Cheval Professional Park.
Westfield Development developed 35 single-family lots on 28.17 acres at the northwest quadrant of
Van Dyke Road and Dale Mabry Highway.
Woodshed Partners developed 116 single-family lots on 186.4 acres at the northwest quadrant of
Newberger and Livingston Road in Lutz.
Kennedy-Frost developed a 70,000 square foot mini-storage facility on 5.25 acres at N. Dale Mabry
Highway and Lutz-Lake Fern Road in Lutz.
AC Development Corporation built 68,000 square feet of commercial space on 14.92 acres at the southwest corner of Lutz-Lake Fern Road and Merry Lane in Lutz.
Gustine Properties Inc. built a 10,880 square foot CVS pharmacy on 1.89 acres at the northeast corner of Bearss Avenue and North Boulevard in Tampa.
From a residential perspective, Avila is the most notable development in Lutz. Avila was developed by the Sierra Family. Bob Sierra began assembling land for Avila in 1962, and initiated development in 1978.
This upscale community has an attractive golf course redesigned in 1988 by Jack Nicklaus. Avila also has luxury facilities for tennis, swimming, fitness and dining. Home prices vary from $550,000 to $2.0 million, excluding extremes.
Notable retail development in the area is as follows:
Florida Crossings is a 66,519 square foot shopping center on a 14.7-acre site in the subject neighborhood. Ross and Aldi (formerly Super Save and before that Albertson's) is the anchor tenant with 53,319 square feet on a pad site. Local space comprises 13,200 square feet (20%), and is currently fully leased. There are three outparcels, one on Bearss Avenue and two on Florida Avenue, one of which has been developed with a new Racetrack convenience store. There is an existing Burger King, AmSouth Bank and Popeye’s Chicken situated along Florida Avenues.
Bearss Plaza is a 1970s vintage shopping center previously anchored by U-Save and Dollar General Stores. This center underwent a major renovation in 1994/95 and is now anchored by a Big Lot store.
McDonald's, Shell and Tampa Bay Credit Union are outparcels of this center. The center is located at the southwest quadrant of Florida and Bearss Avenues.
Publix built a 61,000 square foot store at the U.S. Highway 41 and Nebraska Avenue apex. There are two smaller buildings along Nebraska Avenue, one of which is a SunTrust branch bank.
Much of the growth in the area (just south of Lutz) was during the 1960s and 1970s with numerous automotive-related businesses benefiting from the plethora of automotive dealerships located on Florida Avenue, south of Fowler Avenue. Dealerships include Mazda, Subaru, BMW, Volkswagen, Jaguar, Nissan, and Honda. CarMax is situated on a 34-acre site located at the southeast quadrant of I-275 and Bearss Avenue. There is a Toyota dealership on the south side of Fletcher Avenue, east of Nebraska Avenue.
The dynamics of the subject neighborhood, particularly along Florida or Nebraska Avenues, are considered stable with no significant evidence of expansion or decline. Some redevelopment projects have been completed in this market. The short-term outlook should remain positive for the subject neighborhood.
Our neighborhood description, also called an area of influence, is defined as a group of complimentary land uses. Districts are a type of market area characterized by homogeneous property uses. In broader terms, the market area can encompass one or more neighborhoods and districts or both. A market area reflects similar properties that effectively compete with the subject property. The foregoing residential sales trends and demographic data provide a snapshot of the neighborhood.
Please refer to the Highest and Best Use section of this report for subject-specific market trends.
Economic Drivers
Per Q2 2024 National Economic Outlook prepared by PNC: “The U.S. economy added a strong 275,000 jobs in February, according to a survey of employers from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
However, there were big downward revisions to job growth in January and February of a combined 167,000. Over the past three months job growth has averaged 265,000, well above the pre-pandemic pace. The private sector added 223,000 jobs in February, up from 177,000 in January.
The unemployment rate rose to 3.9% in February from 3.7% in the previous three months. The unemployment rate has been below 4% for more than two straight years, the longest-such stretch since the late 1960s. Average hourly earnings rose just 0.1% in February from January, and wage growth in January was revised lower, to 0.5% from 0.6%; there was also a downward revision to wage growth in December. On a year-over-year basis average hourly earnings were up 4.3% in February, down from 4.4% in January (after revisions). Softening wage growth is contributing to a slowing in inflation.
In late 2022 PNC incorporated a near-term recession into its baseline US economic forecast. This recession call was based on an aggressive tightening in monetary policy in 2022 and into 2023 as the Federal Reserve raised the fed funds rate in an effort to slow economic growth and push back against the highest inflation in 40 years. But instead of recession the economy strengthened in the second half of 2023, and real GDP ended last year up 3.1% from the end of 2022. The labor market was also very strong, with average monthly job growth of 250,000 in 2023, well above the pre-pandemic pace, and an unemployment rate of below 4%. And inflation slowed throughout 2023 even as economic growth accelerated, although it remains somewhat above the Federal Reserve’s 2% objective.
Job growth will slow somewhat this year as economic growth softens, and the unemployment rate will gradually increase to above 4% by the end of this year. But this is still historically low, and the US economy should avoid recession. With softer wage growth as the unemployment rate rises and weaker growth in rents, inflation should slow to the Federal Reserve’s 2% objective by early 2025.
Tampa Bay ranks well with other cities in Florida relative to composite Index, grocery items, housing, utilities, transportation, health care and goods and services. Moreover, the Tampa market continues to be competitive in a MSA comparison and relatively affordable from a cost of living index perspective.”
COVID-19
A highly virulent pandemic of respiratory disease caused by the novel Coronavirus (abbreviated COVID-19) evolved into a global presence in Q1 2020. COVID-19 can cause mild to severe illness with persons 65 and older most severely impacted. Florida single vaccination rate is 69.15%, slightly less than the US in general.
With the vaccine and boosters available nationwide for some time, a more hopeful attitude is emerging. Offices, restaurants and general socializing have generally normalized. More recently, subsequent variants have resulted in increased infections but not deaths. Hospitalizations continue with the unvaccinated. Schools are open with masking rules in Florida gone.
The majority of the market data in this report took place after the start of pandemic. Therefore, the impact of COVID on the subject, if any, is inherently addressed by the market data.
Highest and Best Use
According to the Dictionary of Real Estate Appraisal, highest and best use is defined as: The reasonably probable and legal use of vacant land or an improved property that is physically possible, appropriately supported, financially feasible and that results in the highest value. The four criteria the highest and best use must meet are physically possible, legally permissible, financially feasible and maximally productive.
Alternatively, the probable use of land or improved property, specific with respect to the user and timing of the use, that is adequately supported and results in the highest present value.
Source: The Appraisal of Real Estate 15th Edition
When a site is improved, we must recognize that the highest and best use may differ from the existing use; however, the existing use will continue, unless and until, land value (at its highest and best use) exceeds the total value of the property in its present use. The definition of highest and best use recognizes the contribution of a specific use to the community or to individual property owners.
The determination of highest and best use results from the appraiser's judgment and analytical skill;
i.e., determination of highest and best use is an opinion, not a fact to be found. In appraisal practice, the concept of highest and best use is the premise upon which value is based. In the context of investment value, "most profitable use" is another alternative term but the degree of risk must be considered.
The highest and best use concept requires an analysis of the subject as if it were vacant and also as improved to determine if the land is more valuable as vacant than the property as improved. There are four criteria that must be met. The highest and best use must be 1) physically possible; 2) legally permissible; 3) financially feasible; and, 4) maximally productive. These criteria are generally considered sequentially and the analysis may indicate more than one use.
Source: Stephanie Coleman, Scope of Work (Chicago: Appraisal Institute)
Physically Possible
The subject property is located on the northwest corner and southwest corner of North 22nd Street and East 140th Avenue (Parcels 1-8) in Tampa, Hillsborough County. The subject also includes Parcel 9 located at 1516 140th Avenue. The nine vacant parcel valuation comprises approximately 2.9 gross acres.
The subject site, given its size and configuration, is well suited for a variety of development. All utilities are available to the property, further promoting its potential.
Average daily traffic is the total volume passing a point or segment of a roadway facility, in both directions, during a 24-hour period. A reported 7,300 cars per day pass along North 22nd Street nearby the subject. A traffic count map of the submarket is presented on the following page.
Traffic Count Map
Legally Permissible
All of the subject lots except for Lot 9 are zoned UCA-MS, “University Community Area – Main Street”, by Hillsborough County. The zoning districts and design standards implement the vision, principles and strategies of the Hillsborough County Comprehensive Plan’s University Community Area Master Plan.
Uses include cultural and institutional, office and professional services, neighborhood public services and public services/emergency service. Single family detached and two family attached dwellings are prohibited. All streets within the University Community Area are classified as Main Streets and Neighborhood Streets. Main Streets include 22nd Street and 131st Avenue. The following summarizes the restrictions of this zoning.
All development shall be in accordance with the Standards for Non-Residential, Mixed use and Multi- Family as described above and as appropriate. Additionally, all structures located along 22nd Street shall be a minimum of two stories in height.
Permitted uses are consistent with CG and RMC-20 uses as defined in Section 2.02.02 of the Land Development Code of Hillsborough County. Notwithstanding the above, single family detached and two-family attached dwellings shall be prohibited.
UCA-MS Zoning Requirements1
Main Street District (UCA-MS)
Building frontages No less than 60% of project’s street frontage
Front Yard Building Setback Minimum 10’- 20’ maximum
Rear Building Setback 10’ minimum
Building Height All structures located along 22nd Street
Maximum 50’ Minimum of two stories in height
Required Off Street Parking Non-residential reduced by 50%
Maximum Density 20 dwelling units/acre
Permitted Use CG & RMC-2- Uses
1 The above table is a limited excerpt from Part 3.13.00 University Common Area Development Regulations and is relative to the subject being appraised.
Lot 9 is zoned RMC-20 “Residential Multifamily Conventional” by Hillsborough County. The purpose of this district is to provide the opportunity for areas of conventional multiple family dwelling units in a high-density living environment in conformance with the provisions of the Comprehensive Plan.
Uses allowable in this district include single-family, schools, daycares, churches, and fire stations. The following summarizes the restrictions of this zone. The zoning has a maximum density of 20 units per gross acre.
RMC-20 Zoning Requirements
Minimum Lot Area 6,540 SF
Minimum Lot Width 70’
Front Yard Building Setback 25’
Side Yard Building Setback 10’
Rear Yard Building Setback 20’
Maximum Floor Area Ratio N/A
Maximum Building Height 45’1 1Structures with a permitted height greater than 20 feet shall be set back an additional two (2) feet for every one (1) foot of structure height over 20 feet
All of the subject lots have Residential 20 future land use. Based on the overall subject site size of 2.9 gross acres, 58 total units would be allowed. We recognize that the allocation of the number of units per lot might mathematically varying slightly. Site plan design would be required to accurately identify the number of units for each of the subject lots.
Financially Feasible/Maximally Productive
Those uses which are financially feasible and that use which is maximally productive are generally closely related. Any use that results in a net return to the land after satisfying the return to the improvements is considered to be financially feasible; however, that use which returns the maximum dollars to the land is considered the use which is maximally productive.
According to CoStar, “Tampa's multifamily vacancy reached a decade high in the first quarter of 2024 at nearly 9%, a rise of roughly 150 basis points over the previous year. Supply and demand have been significantly out of balance over the past 24 months, causing a steady rise in vacancy.
The construction pipeline remains elevated, with 15,000 units under development, and as such, vacancy is likely to remain above 8% for years to come. The imbalance has also negatively impacted asking rents, with submarkets across the region recording negative to limited rent growth.
Roughly 8,200 units delivered in Tampa over the trailing 12-month period, while the market absorbed only 4,400 units. Tampa's imbalance between supply and demand is still less stark than in the nearby Orlando market, where delivered units outpace renter demand at a rate of more than two-to-one, causing vacancy to increase 300 basis points.
New multifamily construction has been a key factor impacting the Tampa market for the past several years. Roughly 8,200 units have delivered over the past year, causing vacancy to increase by 1.4% year over year to 8.9% as of the first quarter of 2024. An additional 15,000 units are under construction, which will put additional supply side pressure on vacancy over the near term.
Moving ahead, however, renter demand is expected to be closer to the pace of new deliveries over the coming quarters, and as such vacancy is expected to hover around in the 8% range for the near term.”
Market Position of Subject
To determine the market position of the subject, we have conducted a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats). Identifying aspects of the subject under these four categories provides qualitative insights on the market position of the subject relative to its competitive set and provides additional context for the selection of comparables and adjustments.
Strengths
• Good location near the University of South Florida.
Weaknesses
• Located just outside of a Redevelopment Area Zone.
Opportunities
• Site is ripe for multifamily development.
• Strong demand for affordable housing units within the submarket.
Threats
• Existing/established multifamily competition within the submarket.
It is our opinion that the highest and best use of the subject property is considered multifamily development. Based on the future land use of 20 units per gross acre, about 58 unit development is possible. This generally breaks down as Assignment 1 with 46 units, Assignment 2 with eight units and Assignment 3 with four units.
A typical buyer would be a local multifamily developer. With the highest and best use identified, we can proceed with our valuation.
Valuation
Sales Comparison Approach
Direct Sales Comparison is a valuation technique in which the value estimate is predicated on prices paid in actual market transactions. In this process, comparison is made between properties having a satisfactory degree of similarity to the subject.
We have presented transactions involving similar multifamily sites on the following pages. A land adjustment grid and comparable map are presented thereafter.
Land Listing No. 1
Property Identification Record ID 10435 Property Type Multifamily Address NWC North Himes Avenue & West Paris Street, Tampa, Hillsborough County, Florida 33614 Location Egypt Lake Tax ID 029221-0000 Latitude, Longitude N28.004630, W82.501331
Sale Data Grantor Seminole Presbyterian Church, Inc.
Survey Date May, 2024 Financing Cash to Seller Verification Bill Besselieu, Andretta Properties; 813-263-4833, May, 2024;
Confirmed by Alan Mills
Listing Price $1,995,000
Land Data Zoning RMC-20
Land Size Information Gross Land Size 2.430 Acres or 105,850 SF
Indicators Sale Price/Gross Acre $820,994 Sale Price/Gross SF $18.85
Land Listing No. 1 (Cont.)
Sale Price/ Unit $41,563
Remarks This property is located on the northwest corner of North Himes Avenue & West Paris Street in Tampa. The site reflects approximately 2.43 gross acres. The parcel is zoned RMC 20 and proposes 48 multifamily units. The listing price is $1,995,000 or $41,562 per unit. The seller is the Seminole Presbyterian Church of Tampa. No other sale was noted in the past three years.
Land Sale No. 2
Record ID 10371 Property Type Multifamily Address NEC Bryan Road & Estevez Lane, Tampa, Hillsborough County, Florida 33610 Location East Tampa Tax ID 065036-0000 Latitude, Longitude N27.986176, W82.322343
Sale Data Grantor Florida Area Management, LLC Grantee Bert's Properties California, LLC Sale Date June, 2023 Deed Book/Page 2023260782 Financing Cash to Seller Verification Michael Braccia, BayStreet Commercial; 813-254-6756, November, 2023; Confirmed by Alan Mills
Sale Price $1,500,000
Land Data Zoning AR
Land Sale No. 2 (Cont.)
Land Size Information Gross Land Size 3.170 Acres or 138,085 SF Planned Units 60
Indicators Sale Price/Gross Acre $473,187 Sale Price/Gross SF $10.86 Sale Price/Planned Unit $25,000
The property is located on the northeast corner of Bryan Road & Estevez Lane in Tampa. The regular site comprises approximately 3.17 acres and was zoned AR, “Agricultural Rural” by Hillsborough County. The future land use is UMU-20 "Urban Mixed Use 20". A 60 unit multifamily development is proposed. The seller was Florida Area Management, LLC of Tampa.
The buyer was Bert's Properties California, LLC of Newport Beach, CA. The parcel was purchased in June 2023 for $1.5 million or $25,000 per unit. In January 2021, the parcel was purchased for $240,000. No other sale of the property was noted in a three-year sale search.
Land Sale No. 3
Record ID 10340 Property Type Multifamily Address NWQ Busch Blvd & Nebraska Ave, Tampa, Hillsborough County, Florida 33612 Location North Tampa Tax ID 098889-0022, 098889-0024, 098889-0026 & 098889-0028 Latitude, Longitude N28.033910, W82.452550
Sale Data Grantor Euro Tampa LLC Grantee Blue Tampa I, LLC Sale Date September, 2022 Deed Book/Page 2022453099 Financing Cash to seller Verification Kari Lynn Grimald, Grimaldi Commercial Realty Corp.; 813-882-
0884, August, 2023; Confirmed by Jeff Hicks
Sale Price $2,850,000
Zoning CI/PD
Land Sale No. 3 (Cont.)
Gross Land Size 4.650 Acres or 202,554 SF Planned Units 128
Indicators Sale Price/Gross Acre $612,903 Sale Price/Gross SF $14.07 Sale Price/Planned Unit $22,266
The property is located at the northwest quadrant of E. Busch Boulevard and N Nebraska Avenue in North Tampa. The irregular site comprises 4.65 acres and was zoned CI, “Commercial Intensive” and PD, Planned Development”. Formally an exterior corridor hotel, the improvements have been raised to make way for a proposed 128 affordable housing project known as The Adderley. The seller was Faustino Benjamin Marcos of Euro Tampa, LLC from Doral Florida. The buyer was Shawn Wilson of Blue Tampa 1 LLC from Tampa. Blue Sky Communities is developing the project. We noted various recorded corrective deeds associated with the declaration of condominium of Nikola Tampa Condominium Parcel including entities Uptown Tampa Smart Units LLC, 820 E. Tampa Hotel LLC and Nikola Residences LLC. The property was purchased in September 2022 for $2.85 million, $14.07 per square foot or $22,266 per unit. No other sale of the property was noted in a three-year sale search.
Land Sale No. 4
Record ID 10076 Property Type Multifamily Address NEQ of Armand Drive and Soccer Avenue, Tampa, Hillsborough
County, Florida 33634 Location West Tampa Tax ID 004548-0100 and 004580-0050 Latitude, Longitude N28.015397, W-82.559744
Sale Data Grantor Southern Lending Inc Grantee Maq Isle Community LLC Sale Date January, 2022 Deed Book/Page 2022067658 Financing Cash to seller Verification Larry Guilford, Broker; 813-230-9129, March, 2022; Confirmed by Matt Spratley
Sale Price $725,000
Zoning RSC-6
Land Sale No. 4 (Cont.)
Gross Land Size 9.730 Acres or 423,839 SF Allowable Units 58
Indicators Sale Price/Gross Acre $74,512 Sale Price/Gross SF $1.71 Sale Price/Allowable Unit $12,500
This property is located on the northeast corner of Armand Drive and Soccer Avenue in West Tampa, Hillsborough County, Florida. The site reflects two parcels that total 9.73 acres. The property is zoned RSC-6. The property zoning allows for six units to be developed per acre or a total of 58 units total. The buyer's motivation is to develop the site for multifamily use, but is currently not entitled. The seller is Southern Lending Inc and the buyer is Maq Isle Community LLC. The property sold for $725,000 or $12,500 per unit. No other sale of the property was noted in a three years search.
Land Sale No. 5
Record ID 9953 Property Type Multifamily Address East side of N. Nebraska between Fletcher and Bearss Avenue, Tampa, Hillsborough County, Florida 33613 Location North Tampa Tax ID 017737-0000 Latitude, Longitude N28.077360, W82.452900
Sale Data Grantor Grand Prix Tampa LLC Grantee BDG MacDill LLC, Cayboa LLC and Ganboa LLC Sale Date December, 2021 Deed Book/Page 2021661178 Financing Cash to seller Verification Carlos Yepes, BDG MacDill LLC, buyer; 727-463-8686, December, 2021; Confirmed by Jeff Hicks
Sale Price $8,200,000
Land Sale No. 5 (Cont.)
Zoning PD
Land Size Information Gross Land Size 14.330 Acres or 624,215 SF Allowable Units 500
Indicators Sale Price/Gross Acre $572,226 Sale Price/Gross SF $13.14 Sale Price/Allowable Unit $16,400
The property is located on the east side of N. Nebraska Avenue between Fletcher and Bearss avenues in North Tampa. The property is known as Grand Prix Tampa, an amusement park originally developed in 1978. The property reflects miniature golf, video arcade, go-cart track and baseball cages. The property was purchased in December 2021 by Carlos Yepes, an experienced developer in the Tampa Bay market. The sale price was $8.2 million with a quick 30 day close. This equates to $16,400 per unit based on the 500 unit scenario. Mr. Yepes indicated that the asking price was $11.5 million and the property was on the market for six months. Per Mr. Yepes, a much higher $15 million offer by others was made due to contingencies and was not accepted by the seller. Mr. Yepes anticipates an interim use of the amusement park for a few months. He has projected 14 months to develop 500 units with permits in hand. No sale of the property was noted in a three-year sale search.
Land Sales Summary and Adjustment Grid Subject Comp 1 Comp 2 Comp 3 Comp 4 Comp 5
Location: 22nd Avenue &
140th Avenue/1516
140th Avenue
NWC North
Himes Avenue
& West Paris
Street
NEC Bryan Road
& Estevez Lane
NWQ Busch Blvd
& Nebraska Ave
NEQ of Armand
Drive and
Soccer Avenue
East side of N.
Nebraska between Fletcher and Bearss
AvenueSubmarket: University Egypt Lake East Tampa North Tampa West Tampa North Tampa
O.R. Book/Page: n/a 2023260782 2022453099 2022067658 2021661178
Seller: Seminole
Presbyterian
Church, Inc.
Florida Area
Management, LLC
Euro Tampa LLC Southern
Lending Inc
Grand Prix
Tampa LLC
Buyer: n/a Bert's
Properties
California, LLC
Blue Tampa I, LLC Maq Isle
Community LLC
BDG MacDill LLC, Cayboa LLC and
Ganboa LLC
Date of Sale: May, 2024 June, 2023 September, 2022 January, 2022 December, 2021
Sale Price: $1,995,000 $1,500,000 $2,850,000 $725,000 $8,200,000
No of Units: 58 48 60 128 58 500
Density: 20.00 19.75 18.93 27.53 5.96 34.89
Site Size (Acres): 2.90 2.43 3.17 4.65 9.73 14.33
Unadjusted Price/Unit: $41,563 $25,000 $22,266 $12,500 $16,400
Adjustments
Rights Transferred: Fee simple Fee simple Fee simple Fee simple Fee simple
Financial Considerations: Market Market Market Market Market
Conditions of Sale: Listing Arm's Length Arm's Length Arm's Length Arm's Length
-10%
Market Conditions - Time: Stable Stable Stable Stable Inferior
5%
Time Adj. Cash Equiv. Price/SF: $16.96 $10.86 $14.07 $1.71 $13.79
Location: Average Superior Inferior Similar Inferior Similar
-10% 5% 20%
Site Size (Gross Acres): 2.90 2.43 3.17 4.65 9.73 14.33
15% 20%
Zoning: UCA-MS RMC-20 AR CI/PD RSC-6 PD
RMC-20 10%
Utilities: All Available Similar Similar Similar Similar Similar
Net Adjustments: -10% 15% 0% 35% 20%
Adjusted Price/Unit: $33,666 $28,750 $22,266 $16,875 $20,664
Land Sales Adjustment Grid
Land Comparables Map
Land Sales Analysis
The preceding sales were confirmed to offer the best indication of value of the subject site via the Sales Comparison Approach. A number of sales were examined, and in the final analysis they were narrowed to the five most comparable transactions. We have researched sales specifically multifamily sites in the general subject market area.
There are several units of comparison generally employed in the analysis of multifamily land. In this instance, the market dictates the most appropriate index is price per unit. The adjustment categories include location, site size, zoning and utilities.
All of the transactions were financed at market terms by third party financial institutions; hence, no adjustments for financing were required. If atypical financing were involved in the transaction, the appraiser would determine if those terms had a quantifiable effect on the sale price necessitating an adjustment.
Each transaction was confirmed to be arm's length between willing buyers and sellers; therefore, no adjustments for abnormal conditions of sale were necessary. However, if a listing is included in the analysis, a downward adjustment is considered to reflect a typical cushion for negotiations.
Nonetheless, the amount of adjustment, if any, would depend on the asking price as it relates to the market at that time. Some transactions might include a bank sale sometimes referred to as "short sale".
An adjustment will be made if warranted based on confirmation of that transaction.
Adjustments for time and price trends attempt to quantify changes in market conditions between the date of each sale and the date of the appraisal, based on current market conditions and available properties. All of the transactions are relatively timely, taking place from December, 2021 to May, 2024, the latter of which is a current listing. Adjustment for this category would be based on any quantifiable appreciation or depreciation, typically identified through paired sales analysis.
Adjustments for location typically are associated with the general demographics of the area and property specific influences such as traffic counts, ingress/egress, proximity to linkages such as interstates and overall characteristics of an area.
Site size is an adjustment in which comparables site size is compared to the subject. Depending on the market segment, variation in site size can have effect up to a point on the price per unit index. Typically, if a comparable site is larger than the subject site, an upward adjustment is applied to reflect economies of scale. Conversely, if a comparable site is smaller than the subject site, a downward adjustment was applied. This category can also include adjustments for parcels that may have off-site retention and reflect a fully buildable lot.
Zoning is an important consideration in land sales analysis as it specifies the development potential of a given parcel. In this category, the comparables’ zoning classification relative to allowable uses, building setbacks and other restrictions are compared to the subject. Generally speaking, zoning classifications that allow more uses and flexible development are superior.
The availability of municipal services, specifically water and sewer, is an important attribute to a typical site. The adjustment would be applied if the comparable has a different availability of municipal services as the subject. This is especially true for parcels that may need to have municipal lines extended to the property at a cost.
In this instance, a downward adjustment was applied to Comparable 1 due to its superior location as compared to the subject. Conversely, upward adjustments were applied to Comparables 2 and 4 due to their inferior locations as compared to the subject.
Upward adjustments were applied to Comparables 4 and 5 due to their larger site size as compared to the subject. An upward adjustment was applied to Comparable 2 due to its inferior zoning district, as compared to the subject.
After adjustments, the sales range from $16,875 to $33,666 per unit, with a mean of $24,444 per unit.
Based on the relative merits of each sale, but placing greater emphasis on the more recent closed transactions with the fewest net adjustments (Comparables 2 and 3), we have concluded to value of the subject site at $25,000 per unit.
Because of the urban infill location nature of the subject lots, it is our opinion that there are no economies of scale. In other words, we applied $25,000 per unit to each of the parcels. Our math is as follows:
Assignment 1 Parcels 1-6
46 Multifamily Units x $25,000/Unit = $1,150,000
“As Is” Market Value via Sales Comparison Approach $1,150,000
Assignment 2 Parcels 7-8
8 Multifamily Units x $25,000/Unit = $200,000
“As Is” Market Value via Sales Comparison Approach $200,000
Assignment 3 Parcel 9
4 Multifamily Units x $25,000/Unit = $100,000
“As Is” Market Value via Sales Comparison Approach $100,000
Summary and Reconciliation
“as Is” Market Value Conclusions Assignment 1 Parcels 1-6 46 Units
Assignment 2 Parcels 7 & 8 8 Units
Assignment 3 Parcel 9 4 Units
Cost Approach n/a n/a n/a
Sales Comparison Approach $1,150,000 $200,000 $100,000
Income Approach n/a n/a n/a
Final Value Conclusion $1,150,000 $200,000 $100,000
The subject property is located on the northwest corner and southwest corner of North 22nd Street and East 140th Avenue (Parcels 1-8) in Tampa, Hillsborough County. The subject also includes Parcel 9 located at 1516 140th Avenue. The nine parcel valuation comprises approximately 2.9 gross acres of vacant land, with existing water, sewer and electric to the residential lots.
The property is zoned UCA-MS “University Community Area Main Street” with an R-20 “Residential 20” future land use district which translates to the potential of approximately 57 residential units. All subject parcels are owned by Hillsborough County.
All the lots except for Lot 9 are zoned UCA-MS “University Community Area Main Street” by Hillsborough County. Lot 9 is zoned RMC-20 “Residential Multifamily Conventional” by Hillsborough County. All of the lots have an R-20 “Residential 20” future land use district which translates to the potential of approximately 58 residential units. All subject parcels are owned by Hillsborough County.
In conclusion, all emphasis has been placed on the Sales Comparison Approach to value. Therefore, we have determined the following value opinions as of April 23, 2024 as follows:
Assignment 1 Parcels 1-6 “As Is” Fee Simple Interest Market Value
ONE MILLION ONE HUNDRED FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS
($1,150,000)
Assignment 2 Parcels 7-8
TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS
($200,000)
Assignment 3 Parcel 9
ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS
($100,000)
Following is the Certification, Assumptions, subject photographs and other information related to the appraisal. The above value opinion is based on a 12-month marketing and exposure period. We appreciate the opportunity to provide this appraisal service.
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