014529 TESTING LABORATORY SERVICES.pdf

Testing Laboratory Services 01 45 29 - 1

SECTION 01 45 29

TESTING LABORATORY SERVICES

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 DESCRIPTION:

A. This section specifies materials testing activities and inspection services required during project construction to be provided by a Testing Laboratory retained by the General

Contractor.

1.2 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS:

A. The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced.

The publications are referred to in the text by the basic designation only.

B. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO):

T27-11 .................................. Standard Method of Test for Sieve Analysis of Fine and

Coarse Aggregates

T96-02 (R2006) .................... Standard Method of Test for Resistance to Degradation of

Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine

T99-10 .................................. Standard Method of Test for Moisture-Density Relations of

Soils Using a 2.5 Kg (5.5 lb.) Rammer and a 305 mm (12 in.) Drop

T104-99 (R2007) .................. Standard Method of Test for Soundness of Aggregate by

Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate

T180-10 ................................ Standard Method of Test for Moisture-Density Relations of

Soils using a 4.54 kg (10 lb.) Rammer and a 457 mm (18 in.) Drop

T191-02(R2006) ................... Standard Method of Test for Density of Soil In-Place by the

Sand-Cone Method

T310-13 ................................ Standard Method of Test for In-place Density and Moisture

Content of Soil and Soil-aggregate by Nuclear Methods

(Shallow Depth)

C. American Concrete Institute (ACI):

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506.4R-94 (R2004) ............... Guide for the Evaluation of Shotcrete

D. ASTM International:

A370-12 ................................ Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical

Testing of Steel Products

A416/A416M-10 ................... Standard Specification for Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-

Wire for Prestressed Concrete

C31/C31M-10 ....................... Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test

Specimens in the Field

C33/C33M-11a ..................... Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates

C39/C39M-12 ....................... Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of

Cylindrical Concrete Specimens

C109/C109M-11b ................. Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of

Hydraulic Cement Mortars

C136-06 ............................... Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and

Coarse Aggregates

C138/C138M-10b ................. Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and

Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

C140-12 ............................... Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete

Masonry Units and Related Units

C143/C143M-10a ................. Standard Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic Cement

Concrete

C172/C172M-10 ................... Standard Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete

C173/C173M-10b ................. Standard Test Method for Air Content of freshly Mixed

Concrete by the Volumetric Method

C330/C330M-09 ................... Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for

Structural Concrete

C567/C567M-11 ................... Standard Test Method for Density Structural Lightweight

Concrete

C780-11 ............................... Standard Test Method for Pre-construction and

Construction Evaluation of Mortars for Plain and

Reinforced Unit Masonry

C1019-11 ............................. Standard Test Method for Sampling and Testing Grout

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C1064/C1064M-11 ............... Standard Test Method for Temperature of Freshly Mixed

Portland Cement Concrete

C1077-11c ............................ Standard Practice for Agencies Testing Concrete and

Concrete Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for Testing Agency Evaluation

C1314-11a ........................... Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of

Masonry Prisms

D422-63(2007) ..................... Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils

D698-07e1 ........................... Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction

Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort

D1140-00(2006) ................... Standard Test Methods for Amount of Material in Soils

Finer than No. 200 Sieve

D1143/D1143M-07e1 ........... Standard Test Methods for Deep Foundations Under Static

Axial Compressive Load

D1188-07e1 ......................... Standard Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and

Density of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Coated

Samples

D1556-07 ............................. Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sand-Cone Method

D1557-09 ............................. Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction

Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000ft lbf/ft3

(2,700 KNm/m3))

D2166-06 ............................. Standard Test Method for Unconfined Compressive

Strength of Cohesive Soil

D2167-08 ............................. Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Rubber Balloon Method

D2216-10 ............................. Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of

Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass

D2974-07a ........................... Standard Test Methods for Moisture, Ash, and Organic

Matter of Peat and Other Organic Soils

D3666-11 ............................. Standard Specification for Minimum Requirements for

Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving

Materials

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D3740-11 ............................. Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies

Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as used in Engineering Design and Construction

D6938-10 ............................. Standard Test Method for In-Place Density and Water

Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods

(Shallow Depth)

E94-04(2010) ....................... Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination

E164-08 ................................ Standard Practice for Contact Ultrasonic Testing of

Weldments

E329-11c .............................. Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in

Construction Inspection, Testing, or Special Inspection

E543-09 ................................ Standard Specification for Agencies Performing Non-

Destructive Testing

E605-93(R2011) ................... Standard Test Methods for Thickness and Density of

Sprayed Fire Resistive Material (SFRM) Applied to

Structural Members

E709-08 ................................ Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination

E1155-96(R2008) ................. Determining FF Floor Flatness and FL Floor Levelness

Numbers

F3125/F3125M-15 ................ Standard Specification for High Strength Structural Bolts, Steel and Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 120 ksi (830 MPa) and 150 ksi (1040 MPa) Minimum Tensile Strength, Inch and Metric Dimensions

E. American Welding Society (AWS):

D1.D1.1M-10 ........................ Structural Welding Code-Steel

1.3 REQUIREMENTS:

A. Accreditation Requirements: Construction materials testing laboratories must be accredited by a laboratory accreditation authority and will be required to submit a copy of the Certificate of Accreditation and Scope of Accreditation. The laboratory’s scope of accreditation must include the appropriate ASTM standards (i.e.; E329, C1077, D3666, D3740, A880, E543) listed in the technical sections of the specifications. Laboratories engaged in Hazardous Materials Testing shall meet the requirements of OSHA and

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EPA. The policy applies to the specific laboratory performing the actual testing, not just the “Corporate Office.”

B. Inspection and Testing: Testing laboratory shall inspect materials and workmanship and perform tests described herein and additional tests requested by Resident Engineer. When it appears materials furnished, or work performed by Contractor fail to meet construction contract requirements, Testing Laboratory shall direct attention of Resident Engineer to such failure.

C. Written Reports: Testing laboratory shall submit test reports to Resident Engineer, Contractor, unless other arrangements are agreed to in writing by the Resident Engineer.

Submit reports of tests that fail to meet construction contract requirements on colored paper.

D. Verbal Reports: Give verbal notification to Resident Engineer immediately of any irregularity.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS (Not Used)

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EARTHWORK:

A. General: The Testing Laboratory shall provide qualified personnel, materials, equipment, and transportation as required to perform the services identified/required herein, within the agreed to schedule and/or time frame. The work to be performed shall be as identified herein and shall include but not be limited to the following:

1. Observe fill and subgrades during proof-rolling to evaluate suitability of surface material to receive fill or base course. Provide recommendations to the Resident

Engineer regarding suitability or unsuitability of areas where proof-rolling was observed. Where unsuitable results are observed, witness excavation of unsuitable material and recommend to Resident Engineer extent of removal and replacement of unsuitable materials and observe proof-rolling of replaced areas until satisfactory results are obtained.

2. Provide part time observation of fill placement and compaction and field density testing in building areas and provide part time observation of fill placement and compaction and field density testing in pavement areas to verify that earthwork compaction obtained is in accordance with contract documents.

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3. Provide supervised geotechnical technician to inspect excavation, subsurface preparation, and backfill for structural fill.

B. Testing Compaction:

1. Determine maximum density and optimum moisture content for each type of fill, backfill and subgrade material used, in compliance with ASTM D1557.

2. Make field density tests in accordance with the primary testing method following

ASTM D6938 wherever possible. Field density tests utilizing ASTM D1556 shall be utilized on a case by case basis only if there are problems with the validity of the results from the primary method due to specific site field conditions. Should the testing laboratory propose these alternative methods, they should provide satisfactory explanation to the Resident Engineer before the tests are conducted.

a. Building Slab Subgrade: At least one test of subgrade for every 185 m2 (2000 square feet) of building slab, but in no case fewer than three tests. In each compacted fill layer, perform one test for every 185 m2 (2000 square feet) of overlaying building slab, but in no case fewer than three tests.

1) Foundation Wall Backfill: One test per 30 m (100 feet) of each layer of compacted fill but in no case fewer than two tests.

2) Pavement Subgrade: One test for each 335 m2 (400 square yards), but in no case fewer than two tests.

3) Curb, Gutter, and Sidewalk: One test for each 90 m (300 feet), but in no case fewer than two tests.

4) Trenches: One test at maximum 30 m (100 foot) intervals per 1200 mm (4 foot) of vertical lift and at changes in required density, but in no case fewer than two tests.

5) Footing Subgrade: At least one test for each layer of soil on which footings will be placed. Subsequent verification and approval of each footing subgrade may be based on a visual comparison of each subgrade with related tested subgrade when acceptable to Resident Engineer. In each compacted fill layer below wall footings, perform one field density test for every 30 m (100 feet) of wall. Verify subgrade is level, all loose or disturbed soils have been removed, and correlate actual soil conditions observed with those indicated by test borings.

C. Fill and Backfill Material Gradation: One test per stockpiled or in-place source material.

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Gradation of fill and backfill material shall be determined in accordance with ASTM C136

D. Testing for Footing Bearing Capacity: Evaluate if suitable bearing capacity material is encountered in footing subgrade.

E. Testing Materials: Test suitability of on-site and off-site borrow as directed by Resident

Engineer.

3.2 ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVING:

A. Aggregate Base Course:

1. Determine maximum density and optimum moisture content for aggregate base material in accordance with ASTM D1557, Method D.

2. Make a minimum of three field density tests on each day's final compaction on each aggregate course in accordance with ASTM D1556

3. Sample and test aggregate as necessary to insure compliance with specification requirements for gradation, wear, and soundness as specified in the applicable state highway standards and specifications.

3.3 Asphalt Concrete:

A. Aggregate: Sample and test aggregates in stock pile and hot-bins as necessary to insure compliance with specification requirements for gradation (AASHTO T27), wear (AASHTO

T96), and soundness (AASHTO T104).

B. Temperature: Check temperature of each load of asphalt concrete at mixing plant and at site of paving operation.

C. Density: Make a minimum of two field density tests in accordance with ASTM D1188 of asphalt base and surface course for each day's paving operation.

3.4 SITE WORK CONCRETE:

A. Test site work concrete including materials for concrete as required in Article

CONCRETE of this section.

3.5 CONCRETE:

A. Batch Plant Inspection and Materials Testing:

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1. Perform continuous batch plant inspection until concrete quality is established to satisfaction of Resident Engineer with concurrence of Contracting Officer and perform periodic inspections thereafter as determined by Resident Engineer.

2. Periodically inspect and test batch proportioning equipment for accuracy and report deficiencies to Resident Engineer.

3. Sample and test mix ingredients as necessary to insure compliance with specifications.

4. Sample and test aggregates daily and as necessary for moisture content. Test the dry rodded weight of the coarse aggregate whenever a sieve analysis is made, and when it appears there has been a change in the aggregate.

5. Certify, in duplicate, ingredients and proportions and amounts of ingredients in concrete conform to approved trial mixes. When concrete is batched or mixed off immediate building site, certify (by signing, initialing or stamping thereon) on delivery slips (duplicate) that ingredients in truck-load mixes conform to proportions of aggregate weight, cement factor, and water-cement ratio of approved trial mixes.

B. Field Inspection and Materials Testing:

1. Provide a technician at site of placement at all times to perform concrete sampling and testing.

2. Review the delivery tickets of the ready-mix concrete trucks arriving on-site. Notify the Contractor if the concrete cannot be placed within the specified time limits or if the type of concrete delivered is incorrect. Reject any loads that do not comply with the Specification requirements. Rejected loads are to be removed from the site at the Contractor’s expense. Any rejected concrete that is placed will be subject to removal.

3. Take concrete samples at point of placement in accordance with ASTM C172.

Mold and cure compression test cylinders in accordance with ASTM C31. Make at least three cylinders for each 40 m3 (50 cubic yards) or less of each concrete type, and at least three cylinders for any one day's pour for each concrete type. After good concrete quality control has been established and maintained as determined by Resident Engineer make three cylinders for each 80 m3 (100 cubic yards) or less of each concrete type, and at least three cylinders from any one day's pour for each concrete type. Label each cylinder with an identification number. Resident

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Engineer may require additional cylinders to be molded and cured under job conditions.

4. Perform slump tests in accordance with ASTM C143. Test the first truck each day, and every time test cylinders are made. Test pumped concrete at the hopper and at the discharge end of the hose at the beginning of each day’s pumping operations to determine change in slump.

5. Determine the air content of concrete per ASTM C173. For concrete required to be air-entrained, test the first truck and every 20 m3 (25 cubic yards) thereafter each day. For concrete not required to be air-entrained, test every 80 m3 (100 cubic yards) at random. For pumped concrete, initially test concrete at both the hopper and the discharge end of the hose to determine change in air content.

6. If slump or air content fall outside specified limits, make another test immediately from another portion of same batch.

7. Perform unit weight tests in compliance with ASTM C138 for normal weight concrete and ASTM C567 for lightweight concrete. Test the first truck and each time cylinders are made.

8. Notify laboratory technician at batch plant of mix irregularities and request materials and proportioning check.

9. Verify that specified mixing has been accomplished.

10. Environmental Conditions: Determine the temperature per ASTM C1064 for each truckload of concrete during hot weather and cold weather concreting operations:

a. When ambient air temperature falls below 4.4 degrees C (40 degrees F), record maximum and minimum air temperatures in each 24 hour period;

record air temperature inside protective enclosure; record minimum temperature of surface of hardened concrete.

b. When ambient air temperature rises above 29.4 degrees C (85 degrees F), record maximum and minimum air temperature in each 24 hour period; record minimum relative humidity; record maximum wind velocity; record maximum temperature of surface of hardened concrete.

11. Inspect the reinforcing steel placement, including bar size, bar spacing, top and bottom concrete cover, proper tie into the chairs, and grade of steel prior to concrete placement. Submit detailed report of observations.

12. Observe conveying, placement, and consolidation of concrete for conformance to specifications.

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13. Observe condition of formed surfaces upon removal of formwork prior to repair of surface defects and observe repair of surface defects.

14. Observe curing procedures for conformance with specifications, record dates of concrete placement, start of preliminary curing, start of final curing, end of curing period.

15. Observe preparations for placement of concrete:

a. Inspect handling, conveying, and placing equipment, inspect vibrating and compaction equipment.

b. Inspect preparation of construction, expansion, and isolation joints.

16. Observe preparations for protection from hot weather, cold weather, sun, and rain, and preparations for curing.

17. Observe concrete mixing:

a. Monitor and record amount of water added at project site.

b. Observe minimum and maximum mixing times.

18. Measure concrete flatwork for levelness and flatness as follows:

a. Perform Floor Tolerance Measurements FF and FL in accordance with ASTM

E1155. Calculate the actual overall F- numbers using the inferior/superior area method.

b. Perform all floor tolerance measurements within 48 hours after slab installation and prior to removal of shoring and formwork.

c. Provide the Contractor and the Resident Engineer with the results of all profile tests, including a running tabulation of the overall FF and FL values for all slabs installed to date, within 72 hours after each slab installation.

19. Other inspections:

a. Grouting under base plates.

b. Grouting anchor bolts and reinforcing steel in hardened concrete.

C. Laboratory Tests of Field Samples:

1. Test compression test cylinders for strength in accordance with ASTM C39. For each test series, test one cylinder at 7 days and one cylinder at 28 days. Use remaining cylinder as a spare tested as directed by Resident Engineer. Compile laboratory test reports as follows: Compressive strength test shall be result of one cylinder, except when one cylinder shows evidence of improper sampling, molding

01 45 29 - 11 or testing, in which case it shall be discarded and strength of spare cylinder shall be used.

2. Make weight tests of hardened lightweight structural concrete in accordance with

ASTM C567.

3. Furnish certified compression test reports (duplicate) to Resident Engineer. In test report, indicate the following information:

a. Cylinder identification number and date cast.

b. Specific location at which test samples were taken.

c. Type of concrete, slump, and percent air.

d. Compressive strength of concrete in MPa (psi).

e. Weight of lightweight structural concrete in kg/m3 (pounds per cubic feet).

f. Weather conditions during placing.

g. Temperature of concrete in each test cylinder when test cylinder was molded.

h. Maximum and minimum ambient temperature during placing.

i. Ambient temperature when concrete sample in test cylinder was taken.

j. Date delivered to laboratory and date tested.

3.6 REINFORCEMENT:

A. Review mill test reports furnished by Contractor.

B. Make one tensile and one bend test in accordance with ASTM A370 from each pair of samples obtained.

C. Written report shall include, in addition to test results, heat number, manufacturer, type and grade of steel, and bar size.

D. Perform tension tests of mechanical and welded splices in accordance with ASTM A370.

3.7 TYPE OF TEST:

A. Approximate Number of Tests Required

B. Earthwork:

Laboratory Compaction Test, Soils:

(ASTM D1557)

Field Density, Soils (AASHTO T191, T205, or T310)

Penetration Test, Soils

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C. Aggregate Base:

Laboratory Compaction, ASTM D1557

Field Density, ASTM D1556

Aggregate, Base Course Gradation (AASHTO T27)

Wear (AASHTO T96)

Soundness (AASHTO T104)

D. Asphalt Concrete:

Field Density, ASTM D1188

Aggregate, Asphalt Concrete Gradation (AASHTO T27)

Wear (AASHTO T96)

Soundness (AASHTO T104)

E. Concrete:

Making and Curing Concrete Test Cylinders (ASTM C31)

Compressive Strength, Test Cylinders (ASTM C39)

Concrete Slump Test (ASTM C143)

Concrete Air Content Test (ASTM C173)

Unit Weight, Lightweight Concrete (ASTM C567)

Aggregate, Normal Weight: Gradation (ASTM C33)

Deleterious Substances (ASTM C33)

Soundness (ASTM C33)

Abrasion (ASTM C33)

Aggregate, Lightweight Gradation (ASTM C330)

Deleterious Substances (ASTM C330)

Unit Weight (ASTM C330)

Flatness and Levelness Readings (ASTM E1155) (number of days)

END OF SECTION