Illumina, Inc.

Illumina, Inc., a San Diego-based biotechnology manufacturer of DNA and RNA sequencing instruments, reagents, consumables, and bioinformatics software, operates as a prime contractor on a substantial federal footprint dominated by National Institutes of Health institutes and the Food and Drug Administration, competing in full-and-open procurements without set-asides across 132 distinct federal agencies. The company competes exclusively as a prime; 100% of its 8,605 recent awards carry prime designations, with negligible sub-award activity—reflecting Illumina's position as a sole-source or preferred vendor for proprietary sequencing technologies for which viable alternatives are limited or nonexistent within the federal marketplace.

Customer concentration tilts heavily toward civilian health and research agencies. The top five funding customers by award count account for 32% of recent awards: the National Cancer Institute (635 awards, $43.1 million), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (569 awards, $31.6 million), the National Human Genome Research Institute (557 awards, $137.3 million), the Food and Drug Administration (519 awards, $133.4 million), and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (476 awards, $273.7 million). By dollar value, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute leads at $273.7 million combined potential value across 476 awards, followed by the National Human Genome Research Institute ($137.3 million, 557 awards) and the FDA ($133.4 million, 519 awards)—a shift that reflects larger single procurement values for sequencing instruments and long-term maintenance agreements with NIH institutes relative to the greater order frequency at NCI and NIAID, which procure smaller consumable task orders at higher velocity.

Illumina's federal award footprint spans two anchor indefinite delivery contracts and substantial blanket purchase agreement activity. The vendor holds a $90 million single-award IDIQ with the National Human Genome Research Institute (effective through May 21, 2031) for Illumina reagents and consumables under Executive Order 14398, with recent delivery order activity including a $650,392.90 order from the National Human Genome Research Institute for reagents (due November 21, 2026) and a $248,393.06 order from the National Cancer Institute for Infinium reagent kits (due June 9, 2027). A separate $45 million single-award indefinite delivery contract with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA, effective through June 22, 2030) provides comprehensive access to Illumina's full portfolio—sequencing platforms including NextSeq 2000 and MiSeq i100 systems, whole genome sequencing kits, genotyping arrays, maintenance support plans, and bioinformatics software—with task order activity across USDA divisions including Agricultural Research Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Veterinary Services, and Food Safety and Inspection Service. The two largest parent vehicles by task order count are the NIH HHSN268201500004I IDIQ (1,277 task orders, $80.8 million combined value) and the NIH 75N92020D00022 IDIQ (1,051 task orders, $89.2 million combined value). Representative prime work includes a $1,999,681.90 definitive contract from the Department of Veterans Affairs (September 2025) for eight Illumina DRAGEN Servers v4 and professional informatics services supporting whole genome sequencing and advanced genomic research; a $534,536 NextSeq 2000 DNA sequencer purchase order from the Army Research Laboratory (September 2025); a $625,942.05 delivery order from the USDA for whole genome sequencing kits supporting Eastern, Midwest, and Western Lab operations (September 2025); and a $411,752.42 delivery order from USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service for whole genome sequencing kits for nationwide FSIS laboratory operations (September 2026).

Activity has declined year over year: 508 awards in 2022 contracted to 93 awards in 2026 year-to-date through mid-September. This trajectory reflects a potential shift in federal procurement velocity or portfolio concentration rather than customer exit. In the next twenty-four months, 173 awards (combined potential value $23.3 million) face ultimate completion dates and recompete opportunity. The SCI dataset shows minimal service-contract activity: $176 thousand invoiced in FY2022 and $227 thousand in FY2024, with 0.1 FTEs reported in FY2024 across 11 prime records. Government-paid median hourly rates on SCI-reportable contracts ran around $3,834/hr, with 10th percentile rates at $659.59/hr and 90th percentile rates at $8,128.34/hr—consistent with specialized bioinformatics and technical support labor. Illumina performs nearly all work with internal resources; the average sub-hours share across SCI-reportable prime contracts was 0%, indicating Illumina builds its own delivery teams and does not rely on subcontractor labor for federally reported service work. Subcontractor engagement is negligible: the vendor subcontracts as a supplier to Battelle National Biodefense Institute (Department of Homeland Security NBACC FFRDC contract HSHQDC-15-C-00064) for sequencing support plans and NovaSeq reagent kits, and to the Executive Office of the Governor of Delaware (sub-grant under a state recipient role) for laboratory genetic analysis products.

Primary NAICS concentration aligns with the vendor's core mission: Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing (NAICS 334516, 6,057 awards), Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance (809 awards), In-Vitro Diagnostic Substance Manufacturing (335 awards), and Biological Product Manufacturing (313 awards). The corresponding PSC footprint is Laboratory Equipment and Supplies (4,898 awards), Maintenance/Repair/Rebuild of Equipment—Instruments and Laboratory Equipment (1,021 awards), Drugs and Biologicals (728 awards), and In Vitro Diagnostic Substances, Reagents, Test Kits and Sets (629 awards). Illumina carries two named subsidiaries: Epicentre Technologies Corporation and Affomix Corporation. Federal procurement history spans from June 2003 to the present, with combined potential value across all recent awards of $1.21 billion and combined obligated dollars of $664.3 million (55% utilization rate). Illumina operates as the sole viable source or preferred vendor for its proprietary sequencing technologies across the federal civilian research and diagnostic enterprise, with no meaningful competitive exposure under set-asides or restricted competition vehicles—reflecting the vendor's position as the industry-dominant supplier of next-generation sequencing platforms to federal agencies.