Annex C - Alt 1.ppt
PPT presentation 417 KB Posted
- Solicitation number
- W91GDW-10-R-8002
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Department of the Army
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Annex C - Alt 1 to Attachment 2
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Other files
| File | Type | Posted |
|---|---|---|
| Q A 3.pdf | ||
| Q A 2.pdf | ||
| W91GDW-10-R-8002 Amendment 0002.pdf | ||
| KRG LNO PWS 16 Nov Revision 1.pdf | ||
| Questions and Answers 1.pdf | ||
| W91GDW-10-R-8002 Amendment 0001.pdf | ||
| W91GDW-10-R-8002.pdf | ||
| Attach 2 MNF-I OVERARCHING FRAGO 09-109 Complete.pdf | ||
| Annex D Alt 1.xls | XLS spreadsheet | |
| Attachment 6 QASP.pdf | ||
| Attachment 1 KRG LNO PWS 16 Nov.pdf | ||
| Attachment 5 PPQ .docx | DOCX document | |
| Important Information to Offerors.pdf | ||
| Attachment 3 Frago 09-1451 Mod.pdf | ||
| Attachment 8 dd0250.pdf | ||
| ATTACHMENT 7-EFT Forms.doc | DOC document | |
| Attachment 4 PAST PERFORMANCE CONTRACT REFERENCE.docx | DOCX document |
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UNCLASSIFIED
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
THE LAW OF ARMED CONFLICT & RULES ON THE USE OF FORCE FOR ARMED DOD CIVILIAN PERSONNEL AND DOD CONTRACT PERSONNEL
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
RULES ON THE USE OF FORCE FOR ARMED DOD CIVILIAN PERSONNEL AND DOD CONTRACT PERSONNEL The Law of Armed Conflict (LOAC) with respect to Contractors:
| Contractors are not combatants under the LOAC. |
| “Persons accompanying the force” |
| Contractors are: |
| Treated as POWs under Geneva Convention III. |
| May not be lawfully targeted by belligerents. |
| Contractors may not: |
| Take direct participation in hostilities (no offensive operations) |
| No combatant immunity |
| Contractors who participate directly in hostilities: |
| Loses his/her protective status (may be targeted by belligerents) |
| May be considered “unprivileged belligerent” – prosecuted for war crimes, domestic crimes of the host and of the sending states. |
This includes personnel armed for Personal Protection AND armed for contract security/PSC work Personnel are prohibited from taking a direct part in hostilities or from performing law enforcement functions.
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
RULES ON THE USE OF FORCE FOR ARMED DOD CIVILIAN PERSONNEL AND DOD CONTRACT PERSONNEL ALL DOD civilian & contract personnel armed for personal protection:
Are NOT Combatants (e.g., engaging in combat actions with coalition forces)
| Have inherent right of self-defense in response to: |
| Hostile Act or Demonstrated Hostile Intent. |
| May use DEADLY FORCE ONLY |
| When all lesser means have failed or cannot reasonably be employed |
| AND reasonable belief of imminent risk of death or serious bodily harm. |
If performing contract security, deadly force may be used for defense of others when there is a reasonable belief of imminent risk of death or serious bodily harm. Authorization also may be given to use deadly force to protect mission essential and US national security equipment/property.
This includes personnel armed for Personal Protection AND armed for contract security/PSC work Personnel are prohibited from taking a direct part in hostilities or from performing law enforcement functions.
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
RULES ON THE USE OF FORCE FOR ARMED DOD CIVILIAN PERSONNEL AND DOD CONTRACT PERSONNEL Contract personnel armed for Contract Security / PSC Work:
| May use DEADLY FORCE |
| When all lesser means have failed or cannot reasonably be employed |
| AND reasonable belief of imminent risk of death or serious bodily harm. |
| For: |
| Self-Defense, or |
| In Defense of Others |
| Within terms to which the contractor employee is assigned |
| Protection of mission essential / US national security equipment / property |
| When Specifically Authorized |
-Notwithstanding Iraqi Regulations relating to PSC use of deadly force solely to protect property, DOD contract security can be specifically authorized to protect designated mission essential & US National security essential equipment or property
-DUE TO LACK OF IMMUNITY UNDER CPA 17, host-nation PSC or sub-contractors should NOT be placed in positions requiring deadly force defense of mission essential or US national security equipment / property
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
KEY DEFINITIONS:
DEADLY FORCE:
Force which one reasonably believes will cause death or serious bodily harm
ONLY when all lesser means have failed or cannot be reasonably employed
RULES ON THE USE OF FORCE FOR ARMED DOD CIVILIAN PERSONNEL AND DOD CONTRACT PERSONNEL
You WILL use the reasonable amount of force necessary under the circumstances –
REMEMBER Deadly force is only used when all lesser means have failed or cannot be reasonably employed
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
KEY DEFINITIONS:
GRADUATED FORCE RESPONSE (GFR)
Sequential actions: begin with non-lethal force measures and graduate to lethal measures (warning, disabling, or “kill” shots)
Use the REASONABLE amount of force necessary under the circumstances
Techniques
- If use will not unnecessarily endanger you or others
| SHOUT - verbal warnings to halt in native language |
| SHOW - your weapon and your intent to use it |
| SHOOT - use deadly force to remove the threat ONLY where necessary |
| Only use aimed fire & with due regard for safety of innocent bystanders |
| IMMEDIATELY report incident & request assistance |
You WILL use the reasonable amount of force necessary under the circumstances – REMEMBER Deadly force is only used when all lesser means have failed or cannot be reasonably employed
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
KEY DEFINITIONS:
DEFENSIVE ACTIONS
| GFR that terminates with successful employment of NON-LETHAL force |
| ex: hand / arm signals, spotlights, pyrotechnics, etc. |
WEAPONS DISCHARGE
| When a round is fired from a weapon |
| Includes negligent discharges – regardless of whether injury/damage occurs |
GFR INCIDENT
| When the employment of deadly force results in weapons discharge |
| With purpose / intent to warn or in self defense |
Weapons Discharge includes, but are not limited to circumstances such as negligent discharges, and discharges at an object or person(s), regardless of whether injury or damage was incurred.
Graduated Force Response GFR Incident occurs when the employment of lethal force that results in weapons discharge where the purpose or intent of the discharge was to warn a perceived threat, or in self defense of an individual or unit.
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
KEY DEFINITIONS:
FRATRICIDE (aka Friendly Fire) Employment of deadly force resulting in KIA, WIA, or equipment damage, either mistakenly or accidentally, by friendly forces actively engaged with the enemy, or who are directing fire at a hostile force or what is thought to be a hostile force
BLUE FORCE
| Any Coalition Forces operating in Iraq to include Federal civilians and contractors (armed or unarmed) supporting or accompanying friendly forces. |
| includes, other department agencies, government agencies (OGA), Department of State (DoS), DoD civilians and contractors. |
Fratricide (aka: Friendly Fire): Employment of lethal force resulting in persons being killed or wounded, or equipment damaged, either mistakenly or accidentally, by friendly forces actively engaged with the enemy, or who are directing fire at a hostile force or what is thought to be a hostile force.
Blue Force: Any Coalition Forces operating in Iraq to include Federal civilians and contractors (armed or unarmed) supporting or accompanying friendly forces. This includes, but is not limited to, other department agencies (ODA), other government agencies (OGA), Department of State (DoS), DoD civilians and contractors.
Green Force: The Iraqi Army and Iraqi Security Forces (including Iraqi Police) GOI officials and entourage.
White: Non-combatant, non-Coalition civilians. This includes, but is not limited to, non-government organizations (NGO) and all unarmed civilians not associated with Coalition Forces.
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
KEY DEFINITIONS:
GREEN FORCE
Iraqi Army and Iraqi Security Forces (including Iraqi Police) GOI officials and entourage.
WHITE FORCE
Non-Coalition civilians and non-combatants
| Includes, but is not limited to: |
| NGOs (non-government agencies) |
| CLCs (concerned local citizens) |
| All unarmed civilians not associated with Coalition Forces. |
Green Force: The Iraqi Army and Iraqi Security Forces (including Iraqi Police) GOI officials and entourage.
White: Non-combatant, non-Coalition civilians. This includes, but is not limited to, non-government organizations (NGO) and all unarmed civilians not associated with Coalition Forces.
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
GENERAL CONCEPTS RUF and GFR Development
| RUF/GFR are more than “Shoot - No Shoot” |
| Failure follow RUF/GFR may likely result in negative perception of CF |
| Negative GFR events can create potential enemies and future insurgents |
| Majority of reported GFR incidents in theater are mistaken engagements of civilians |
Severe consequences and resulting negative perception of coalition efforts can be created by not following RUF and GFR procedures.
Negative GFR events create potential enemies and future insurgents if we utilize unrestrained or disproportionate force in the conduct of operations.
The majority of reported GFR incidents in theater are mistaken engagements of civilians
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
WHO MAY I DEFEND?
DoD Civilians and DoD Contractors Myself (Individual only - when armed for personal protection)
PSCs ONLY:
| Myself and others |
| Within the terms of the individual contract or Competent DoD Authority for DoD Civilians |
RULES FOR THE USE OF FORCE FOR ARMED DOD CIVILIAN PERSONNEL AND DOD CONTRACT PERSONNEL
PSC: Dependant on contract providing for Personal Security Detachments, which the scope of who may be defended should be detailed
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
WHAT MAY I DEFEND?
Property / Equipment with DEADLY FORCE:
-Only: DOD Contract security for mission essential / US National Security equipment / property Specific authorization required
*Protect other Property with less than deadly force RULES FOR THE USE OF FORCE FOR ARMED DOD CIVILIAN PERSONNEL AND DOD CONTRACT PERSONNEL
DOD Contract Security can be specifically authorized to protect designated mission essential and US National Security equipment / property
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
HOW MAY I DEFEND?
DEADLY FORCE
Requires:
| HOSTILE Act or Intent |
| ONLY when ALL lesser means fail / cannot be reasonably used |
| AIMED shots only |
| Exercise due regard for innocent bystanders |
| Only necessary force |
| Stop after threat is gone |
| Don’t unnecessarily destroy property |
| Immediately report and request assistance |
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
HOW MAY I DEFEND?
Other Than Deadly Force
Minimum Force NECESSARY
Escalation - TTPs
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
GRADUATED FORCE RESPONSE
RULES ON THE USE OF FORCE FOR ARMED DOD CIVILIAN PERSONNEL AND DOD CONTRACT PERSONNEL
| Graduated Response Scale: |
| Verbal warning |
| Exhibit Weapons (show of force: weapon / physical positioning); |
| Warning shot(s) (if authorized); |
| Rifle butts; and/or, |
| Use of Deadly Force. |
SITUATION MAY REQUIRE DEADLY FORCE AS
THE FIRST OPTION
Warn’em, Scare’em, Force’em
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
Sample GFR Measures Audible warnings - audio warnings to halt; (verbal warnings in their language, horns, loudspeakers, sirens, translator device, long range acoustic device).
Show/shine - visual warnings, hand signals, spotlights, high-powered flash light, green beam laser, show your weapon and demonstrate intent to use it.
Physically restrain - block access (signs, cones, spike strips, speed bumps), or detain (static position, or dismounted).
Shoot a non-lethal round - if available
Shoot an aimed warning shot - (live round) in vicinity of threatening vehicle or person;
Shoot to disable the threat - focusing on tires or into the front grill (only when threat is a vehicle);
Shoot to eliminate the threat.
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
Threat Scale/Range
| Some activities are clearly hostile and trigger the right to self-defense. |
| Some activities are clearly innocent and non-threatening. |
| Some activities are unclear as to whether they are hostile or innocent. |
Use good judgment-understand LN perspective.
Threat Scale Clearly hostile activity Innocent civilian activity Unclear activity
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
GFR Measures in Unclear Situations GFR measures reduce uncertainty.
A threat’s failure to respond to GFR measures may demonstrate that hostile intent exists.
A threat’s change in behavior demonstrates that no hostile intent exists.
Threat Scale Clearly hostile—shoot Innocent civilian activity— don’t shoot Use GFR measures. Observe response. Determine if hostile activity or innocent civilian activity.
3 SEC
Checkpoint/ Blocking Position w/ GFR Procedures
LEGEND:
= C-WIRE
= SPEED BUMPS
= FLARE CONES
= IA / CF SOLDIERS
= IA VEHICLE
= SPIKE STRIP
SEARCH AREA
PHA
SEARCH TM
TRAFFIC GUIDES
TERP
TRAFFIC GUIDES
INCIDENT SITE
SIGN
WARNING
LINE
SIGN
STOP LINE
ALERT LINE
STOP LINE
ALERT LINE
WARNING
LINE
SIGN
SIGN
SIGN
SIGN
100M
DISTANCE
BASED ON METT-TC
GFR EQUIPMENT
Sandwich Board Signs Laser pointers (individual) Laser dazzler (crew served) Lights (spot light; lasers) Speaker system; siren Translation device Portable spike strips Portable speed bumps Traffic cones w/ flares NOTE: GRADUATED FORCE RESPONSE FLOW IS ILLUSTRATIVE AND ASSUMES THAT FORCES MANNING THE CHECKPOINT FEEL THAT THE APPROACHING VEHICLE IS CONTINUING TO PRESENT A THREAT. IF A VEHICLE DEMONSTRATES COMPLIANCE, OR IS EVALUATED AS NON-THREATENING THEN THE GRADUATED FORCE REPONSE FLOW WOULD CEASE.
TRAINING
| Marksmanship |
| Safety |
| GFR Procedures |
| Situational Training Exercises |
| Battle Drills (SVCP, CP, Convoy) |
7.2 SEC
14.6 SEC
35 MPH/56 KPH
45 MPH/75 KPH
55 MPH/89 KPH
5.3 SEC
10.9 SEC
55 MPH/89 KPH
55 MPH/89 KPH
Large Laser; used starting from the Alert Line (300m) to the Stop Line (100m)
UNCLASSIFIED//FOUO
PROCEDURES DURING A GFR
MNC-I Cdr’s Intent: resource vehicle checkpoints IOT provide alternatives to lethal force for our Soldiers or Marines.
| At 300 m, begin assessing possible threat; use speed bumps and visual warnings to slow vehicles (sandwich board signs, small lasers, handheld spotlights) |
| At 200 m, use visual warnings (spotlights, lasers, signs) |
| Show weapon and demonstrate intent to use it |
| At 100 m, use non-lethal means and audio warnings to slow/stop vehicle (spike strips, loudspeaker, siren, large lasers, warning shots) |
| At 50 m, utilize disabling shots |
| Utilize deadly force |
Patrol Leader makes final tactical decision on positioning of key weapons/vehicles, based on METT-TC
FLARES AND SIGNAL
LETHAL
EVALUATION
HAND AND LIGHT SIGNAL
DISABLING SHOTS AND SIGNALS
C2 Platform
50M
100M
FLARES AND SIGNAL
LETHAL
EVALUATION
HAND AND LIGHT SIGNAL
DISABLING SHOTS AND SIGNALS
Vehicle Vehicle Vehicle
DIRECTION OF TRAVEL *
GFR EQUIPMENT
(Equip convoys based on Intel)
| Paintball Rifle, pen flare or equivalent (Gunner) |
| Laser dazzler (crew served) |
| Lights (spot light; flashing) |
| Speaker system, siren, air horn |
| Weapons |
MISSION PREPARATION
| Backbriefs |
| Rehearsals |
| Periodic scenario-based decision exercises |
USING GFR
| INTEL DRIVEN – When justified by current intel, permit local traffic to move freely. In some situations, it is common for local vehicles to be NEXT TO YOU. |
| When the intel picture or a particular vehicle suggests an increased threat, use GFR at appropriate standoff distances to assess whether there is hostile intent. |
DEADLY
FORCE
ASSESSMENT
GFR (Paintball Round, Siren, Pen Flare) MNC-I CDR’s Intent As we move toward a more stable and secure Iraq, we must consider sharing the road rather than owning the road. A truly hostile threat will not respond to graduated force! Instead of focusing on increasing force, we must ASSESS potential threats quickly with non-lethal measures – if possible to do so safely – and be prepared to immediately neutralize hostile threats with deadly force.
The GFR process is designed to equip armed contractors with a flexible framework in order to exercise individual discretion. Always adhere to RUF. Current intelligence will provide threat indicators in addition to driving and traffic patterns.
CONVOY GFR PROCEDURES
* Travel in your lane (use counter-flow measures only when necessary versus convenience) and at speed limits, unless mission or intel requires variations.
If HA/HI -Kill
| Use current intel and GFR to tell if a vehicle is friendly or EN: | |
| If time exists to assess a driver’s intent: | Use RUF. If HA/HI & personal/unit safety requires immediate response: |
| 1) Use paintball rifle, laser dazzler, pen flares, or equivalent as a decisive step in determining hostile intent |
2) Realize that civilians need reaction time to respond to GFR Skip immediately to disabling shot or kill shot.
Note on Graduated Force Response
GFR flow is illustrative and assumes that the convoy leader and the leader of the vehicle believe that the approaching vehicle continues to present a threat. If the approaching vehicle demonstrates compliance, or is judged as non-threatening, then the GFR procedure should cease. No further escalation is necessary.
The Bottom Line: What’s the point of GFR
| To determine whether the hostile intent exists. |
| To warn innocent civilians that their conduct may be perceived as hostile by CF. |
Give medical attention to wounded individuals, unless the circumstances indicate it would be unsafe to do so.
May detain individuals for self-defense only when there is a reasonable belief that failure to detain would cause imminent risk of death or serious bodily harm.
Detained individuals will be treated humanely, their property will be accounted for, and then will be turned over to host nation police/security forces or coalition forces ASAP.
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
GRADUATED FORCE RESPONSE
RULES ON THE USE OF FORCE FOR ARMED DOD CIVILIAN PERSONNEL AND DOD CONTRACT PERSONNEL Remember: You are required to use the minimum amount of force necessary to defend yourself, or if a PSC, the people you are contracted to protect, but the minimum amount of force necessary may be deadly force.
Training Vignette 1
You’re the lead vehicle in a 20 vehicle north-bound convoy on a busy road. Your convoy has slowed to 10 mph due to traffic and road conditions. You see a civilian vehicle driving south-bound at a high rate of speed in the north-bound about 150m away. You attempt to wave the vehicle off but it continues to approach. What do you do?
Training Vignette 1: Answer
| You must maintain and increase situational awareness. Iraqi drivers often disregard traffic laws. This must be factored into your analysis. |
| Change lanes if practical and observe what the on-coming vehicle does. |
| A vehicle passing a convoy is NOT by itself a hostile act or demonstration of hostile intent. However, the vehicle is coming at the wrong direction and has disregarded your attempts to wave it off. What other measures can you use to get the driver’s attention? Hand & arm signals, sirens, bullhorns, aimed weapons, laser dazzler. |
| Only when you’re reasonably certain that the driver’s intent is hostile, fire a well aimed warning shot in a safe direction, or if necessary, engage to disable the vehicle, or to kill the driver. |
| Whenever possible, initiate warning shots with M4 or M16. |
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
Training Vignette 2
Your 4 vehicle convoy is on the outskirts of Mosul approaching an overpass. A crowd is gathering in the area just beneath the overpass, which slows your convoy. You see a man on the right flank about 130 meters away running in an alley toward the overpass with an AK-47 at his side. What do you do?
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
Training Vignette 2: Answer
| Lead vehicle must focus on dispersing the crowd to allow the convoy to continue its mission by using sirens and hand & arm signals. |
| #2 vehicles closes distance from lead vehicle and uses laser on individual with weapon. Gunner also shouts and shows weapon. |
| Remember the Iraqis may legally posses small arms for protection. |
| Attempt to identify the individual with the weapon. |
| Do not engage unless there are further indications of hostile intent or a hostile act. |
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
Training Vignette 3
You are a gunner in a 10 vehicle NIGHT convoy. You are in an area where there have been several attacks in the last few weeks. You see several flashes to the right, but you do not hear any gunshots. As the events unfold on your right flank, 250 meters in front of your convoy is a car traveling on the wrong side with no headlights coming towards you. What do you do?
Encl. 1 to TAB G to App. 11 to Annex C to OPORD 08-02
Training Vignette 3: Answer
| Regarding the Right Flank: |
| You must have positive identification (PID) before engaging any target. You cannot engage the flashes of light with fire at this point – it could be anything from non-hostile civilian activity to lateral Friendly Forces. |
| Regarding the Approaching Vehicle: |
| Tension will be extremely high given the simultaneous scenarios, but the necessary steps of GFR must be applied. |
| Give visual warnings using spotlights or lasers. |
| Use audio warning measures such as sirens or loudspeakers, if available. |
| If you become reasonably certain hostile intent is present, fire a warning shot if conditions permit. Use disabling shots and lethal force only as a last step in the process, if necessary. |
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