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Spr i ng Cr eek Nor t h Ecosyst em Rest or at i on Pr oj ect P1880012

SECTI ON 31 00 00

EARTHWORK

08/ 08, CHG 2: 02/ 21

PART 1 GENERAL

1. 1 SCOPE OF WORK

Under t hi s sect i on, t he Cont r act or shal l per f or m excavat i on, f i l l , pl acement , r ough gr adi ng and di sposal act i v i t i es r equi r ed f or gr adi ng t he si t e t o t he pr oposed gr ades. Excavat ed and f i l l mat er i al s shal l be pl aced and compact ed, wher e necessar y, i n accor dance wi t h t he pl ans, speci f i cat i ons, and di r ect i ons of t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer .

Af t er f i nal gr adi ng i s compl et e, access t o gr aded ar eas shal l be onl y on f oot . Onl y hand t ool s wi l l be used on t he si t e af t er f i nal gr adi ng has occur r ed.

The Cont r act or shal l be l i abl e f or any and al l damages t o pr oper t y caused by t he Cont r act or ' s oper at i ons. Any damages t o pr oper t y or t o veget at i on wi t hi n t he pr ot ect ed ar eas shal l be r est or ed t o t he or i gi nal condi t i ons and compl y wi t h Cont r act Document s.

1. 2 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES

1. 2. 1 Demol i t i on and Veget at i on Cl ear i ng

Asphal t Scar i f i cat i on, 6" Deep ( SY)

1. 2. 2 Ear t hwor k - Upl and t o Wet l and Excavat i on t o Subgr ade i n Upl and Fi l l Pl acement Ar ea ( Excavat e, Haul , Scr een, Pl ace)

Ear t hwor k f or Mat er i al Excavat ed Above Mean Hi gh Wat er ( BCY) Ear t hwor k f or Mat er i al Excavat ed Bel ow Mean Hi gh Wat er ( BCY)

Payment of t he above wi l l be based on i n pl ace vol ume of mat er i al excavat ed f r om t he exi st i ng upl and ar eas. Payment wi l l be based on a compar i son of t he exi st i ng condi t i ons sur vey and t he bot t om of excavat i on sur vey.

Di sposal of Unsat i sf act or y Mat er i al s Al l ocat i on ( T&M) Di sposal and Tr ucki ng f or Ti r es ( TON) Di sposal and Tr ucki ng f or Car Par t s and Met al s ( TON) Di sposal and Tr ucki ng f or Ot her Mat er i al s ( TON)

Payment f or t he above wi l l be based on t he submi t t ed wWei ght t i cket s f r om t he di sposal f aci l i t y shal l be pr ovi ded t o t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer or Cont r act i ng Of f i cer ' s Repr esent at i ve. The t ot al cost of t he di sposal shal l be wi t hi n t he t ot al al l ocat ed f or t he pr oj ect . The Cont r act or shal l not i f y t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer when f unds wi t hi n t he al l ocat i on r each 25% r emai ni ng.

1. 2. 3 Ear t hwor k - Cl ean Cap Mat er i al I mpor t

Mar sh Pl acement - Mat er i al and Del i ver y of Sand I mpor t - Vi a Tr ucki ng

( TON)

AMENDMENT 04 - Revised 2024.12.06 SECTI ON 31 00 00 Page 1

Payment f or t he above i t em shal l be based on t he f i nal gr ade as- bui l t sur veys. t he vol ume of mat er i al bet ween t he subgr ade or excavat i on l i mi t and t he f i nal gr ade as- bui l t sur veys. .

Sand I mpor t Vi a Bar ge f or Thi n Layer Pl acement ( TON)

Payment f or t he above i t em shal l be based on t he del i ver y s l i ps. Del i ver y s l i ps f or t he Sand I mpor t v i a Bar ge f or Thi n Layer Pl acement shal l be pr ovi ded t o t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer or Cont r act i ng Of f i cer ' s Repr esent at i ve.

1. 2. 4 Ear t hwor k - Upl and t o Wet l and Conver si on Ar ea Cl ean Sand Pl acement

Ear t hwor k - Cl ean Soi l Pl acement - Pr oposed Wet l and Cr eat i on ( BCY)

Payment f or t he above i t em shal l be t he vol ume of mat er i al bet ween t he subgr ade or excavat i on l i mi t and t hebased on f i nal gr ade as- bui l t sur veys.

1. 2. 5 Ear t hwor k - Upl and Pl acement Ar ea - Cl ean Mat er i al I mpor t

Sand I mpor t Vi a Tr ucki ng ( LCY) Bi d Al t er nat e 1: Sand I mpor t f or NYC Soi l Bank ( LCY)

Payment f or t he above i t em( s) shal l t he vol ume of mat er i al bet ween t he subgr ade or excavat i on l i mi t andbe based on t he f i nal gr ade as- bui l t sur veys.

1. 2. 6 Ear t hwor k - Upl and Pl acement Ar ea - Loadi ng, Haul i ng, and Gr adi ng

Ear t hwor k - Cl ean Mat er i al Loadi ng, Haul i ng, and Gr adi ng ( LCY)

1. 2. 7 Excavat i on

The uni t of measur ement f or excavat i on and bor r ow wi l l be t he cubi c yar d, comput ed by t he aver age end ar ea met hod f r om cr oss sect i ons t aken bef or e and af t er t he excavat i on and bor r ow oper at i ons, i ncl udi ng t he excavat i on f or di t ches, gut t er s, and channel changes, when t he mat er i al i s accept abl y ut i l i zed or di sposed of as her ei n speci f i ed. The measur ement sExcavat i on per mi ssi bl e f or payment wi l l i ncl ude aut hor i zed excavat i on of r ock ( except f or pi pi ng t r enches t hat i s cover ed bel ow) , aut hor i zed excavat i on of unsat i sf act or y subgr ade soi l , and t he vol ume of l oose, scat t er ed r ocks and boul der s col l ect ed wi t hi n t he l i mi t s of t he wor k; al l owance wi l l be made on t he same basi s f or sel ect ed backf i l l or der ed as r epl acement . The measur ement wi l l not i ncl ude t he vol ume of subgr ade mat er i al or ot her mat er i al t hat i s scar i f i ed or pl owed and r eused i n- pl ace, and wi l l not i ncl ude t he vol ume excavat ed wi t hout aut hor i zat i on or t he vol ume of any mat er i al used f or pur poses ot her t han di r ect ed. The vol ume of over bur den st r i pped f r om bor r ow pi t s and t he vol ume of excavat i on f or di t ches t o dr ai n bor r ow pi t s, unl ess used as bor r ow mat er i al , wi l l not be measur ed f or payment . The measur ement wi l l not i ncl ude t he vol ume of any excavat i on per f or med pr i or t o t he t aki ng of el evat i ons and measur ement s of t he undi st ur bed gr ade.

1. 2. 8 Pi pi ng Tr ench Excavat i on

Measur e t r ench excavat i on by t he number of l i near f eet al ong t he cent er l i ne of t he t r ench and excavat e t o t he dept hs and wi dt hs speci f i ed f or t he par t i cul ar s i ze of pi pe. Repl ace unst abl e t r ench bot t oms wi t h a

SECTI ON 31 00 00 Page 2 sel ect ed gr anul ar mat er i al . I ncl ude t he addi t i onal wi dt h at manhol es and si mi l ar st r uct ur es, t he f ur ni shi ng, pl aci ng and r emoval of sheet i ng and br aci ng, pumpi ng and bai l i ng, and al l i nci dent al s necessar y t o compl et e t he wor k r equi r ed by t hi s sect i on.

1. 2. 9 Rock Excavat i on f or Tr enches

Measur e and pay f or r ock excavat i on by t he number of cubi c yar ds of accept abl y excavat ed r ock mat er i al . Measur e t he mat er i al i n pl ace, but base vol ume on a maxi mum 30 i nches wi dt h f or pi pes 12 i nches i n di amet er or l ess, and a maxi mum wi dt h of 16 i nches gr eat er t han t he out si de di amet er of t he pi pe f or pi pes over 12 i nches i n di amet er . Pr ovi de t he measur ement t o i ncl ude al l aut hor i zed over dept h r ock excavat i on as det er mi ned by t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer . For manhol es and ot her appur t enances, comput e vol umes of r ock excavat i on on t he basi s of 1 f oot out si de of t he wal l l i nes of t he st r uct ur es.

1. 2. 10 Topsoi l Requi r ement s

Separ at e excavat i on, haul i ng, and spr eadi ng or pi l i ng of t opsoi l and r el at ed mi scel l aneous oper at i ons wi l l be consi der ed subsi di ar y obl i gat i ons of t he Cont r act or , cover ed under t he cont r act uni t pr i ce f or excavat i on.

1. 2. 11 Over haul Requi r ement s

Al l ow t he uni t of measur ement f or over haul t o be t he st at i on- yar d. The over haul di st ance wi l l be t he di st ance i n st at i ons bet ween t he cent er of vol ume of t he over haul mat er i al i n i t s or i gi nal posi t i on and t he cent er of vol ume af t er pl aci ng, mi nus t he f r ee- haul di st ance i n st at i ons. The haul di st ance wi l l be measur ed al ong t he shor t est r out e det er mi ned by t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer as f easi bl e and sat i sf act or y. Do no measur e or wast e unsat i sf act or y mat er i al s f or over haul wher e t he l engt h of haul f or bor r ow i s wi t hi n t he f r ee- haul l i mi t s.

1. 2. 12 Sel ect Gr anul ar Mat er i al

Measur e sel ect gr anul ar mat er i al i n pl ace as t he act ual cubi c yar ds r epl aci ng wet or unst abl e mat er i al i n t r ench bot t oms [ wi t hi n t he l i mi t s shown] [ i n aut hor i zed over dept h ar eas] . Pr ovi de uni t pr i ces whi ch i ncl ude f ur ni shi ng and pl aci ng t he gr anul ar mat er i al , excavat i on and di sposal of unsat i sf act or y mat er i al , and addi t i onal r equi r ement s f or sheet i ng and br aci ng, pumpi ng, bai l i ng, c l eani ng, and ot her i nci dent al s necessar y t o compl et e t he wor k.

1. 3 REFERENCES

The publ i cat i ons l i s t ed bel ow f or m a par t of t hi s speci f i cat i on t o t he ext ent r ef er enced. The publ i cat i ons ar e r ef er r ed t o wi t hi n t he t ext by t he basi c desi gnat i on onl y.

AMERI CAN ASSOCI ATI ON OF STATE HI GHWAY AND TRANSPORTATI ON OFFI CI ALS

( AASHTO)

AASHTO T 180 ( 2017) St andar d Met hod of Test f or Moi st ur e- Densi t y Rel at i ons of Soi l s Usi ng a 4. 54- kg ( 10- l b) Rammer and a 457- mm ( 18- i n. ) Dr op

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AMERI CAN WATER WORKS ASSOCI ATI ON ( AWWA)

AWWA C600 ( 2017) I nst al l at i on of Duct i l e- I r on Mai ns and Thei r Appur t enances

ASTM I NTERNATI ONAL ( ASTM)

ASTM D698 ( 2012; E 2014; E 2015) Labor at or y Compact i on Char act er i st i cs of Soi l Usi ng St andar d Ef f or t ( 12, 400 f t - l bf / cu. f t .

( 600 kN- m/ cu. m. ) )

ASTM D1140 ( 2017) St andar d Test Met hods f or Det er mi ni ng t he Amount of Mat er i al Fi ner t han 75- µm ( No. 200) Si eve i n Soi l s by Washi ng

ASTM D1557 ( 2012; E 2015) St andar d Test Met hods f or Labor at or y Compact i on Char act er i st i cs of Soi l Usi ng Modi f i ed Ef f or t ( 56, 000 f t - l bf / f t 3) ( 2700 kN- m/ m3)

ASTM D2487 ( 2017; E 2020) St andar d Pr act i ce f or Cl assi f i cat i on of Soi l s f or Engi neer i ng Pur poses ( Uni f i ed Soi l Cl assi f i cat i on Syst em)

ASTM D4718/ D4718M ( 2015) St andar d Pr act i ce f or Cor r ect i on of Uni t Wei ght and Wat er Cont ent f or Soi l s Cont ai ni ng Over si ze Par t i c l es

ASTM D6938 ( 2017a) St andar d Test Met hod f or I n- Pl ace Densi t y and Wat er Cont ent of Soi l and Soi l - Aggr egat e by Nucl ear Met hods ( Shal l ow Dept h)

U. S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGI NEERS ( USACE)

EM 385- 1- 1 ( 2024) Saf et y and Occupat i onal Heal t h ( SOH) Requi r ement s

1. 4 DEFI NI TI ONS

1. 4. 1 Sat i sf act or y Excavat ed Mat er i al s

Sat i sf act or y excavat ed mat er i al s compr i se of any soi l s excavat ed wi t hi n t he conf i nes of t he pr oj ect s i t e. Sat i sf act or y mat er i al s f or gr adi ng compr i se st ones l ess t han 8 i nches, except f or f i l l mat er i al f or pavement s and r ai l r oads whi ch compr i se st ones l ess t han 3 i nches i n any di mensi on.

1. 4. 2 Unsat i sf act or y Excavat ed Mat er i al s

Mat er i al s whi ch do not compl y wi t h t he r equi r ement s f or sat i sf act or y excavat ed mat er i al s ar e unsat i sf act or y. Unsat i sf act or y mat er i al s al so i ncl ude man- made f i l l s ; t r ash; r ef use; backf i l l s f r om pr evi ous const r uct i on; and t i r es. Not i f y t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer when encount er i ng any cont ami nat ed mat er i al s.

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1. 4. 3 Degr ee of Compact i on

Degr ee of compact i on r equi r ed, except as not ed i n t he second sent ence, i s expr essed as a per cent age of t he maxi mum densi t y obt ai ned by t he t est pr ocedur e pr esent ed i n ASTM D1557 abbr evi at ed as a per cent of l abor at or y maxi mum densi t y. Si nce ASTM D1557 appl i es onl y t o soi l s t hat have 30 per cent or l ess by wei ght of t hei r par t i c l es r et ai ned on t he 3/ 4 i nch si eve, expr ess t he degr ee of compact i on f or mat er i al havi ng mor e t han 30 per cent by wei ght of t hei r par t i c l es r et ai ned on t he 3/ 4 i nch si eve as a per cent age of t he maxi mum densi t y i n accor dance wi t h AASHTO T 180 and cor r ect ed wi t h ASTM D4718/ D4718M.

1. 4. 4 Topsoi l

Topsoi l i s not ant i c i pat ed t o be used f or t hi s pr oj ect .

1. 4. 5 Har d/ Unyi el di ng Mat er i al s

Har d/ Unyi el di ng mat er i al s compr i se weat her ed r ock, dense consol i dat ed deposi t s, or congl omer at e mat er i al s whi ch ar e not i ncl uded i n t he def i ni t i on of " r ock" wi t h st ones gr eat er t han 24 i nches i n any di mensi on or as def i ned by t he pi pe manuf act ur er , whi chever i s smal l er . These mat er i al s usual l y r equi r e t he use of heavy excavat i on equi pment , r i pper t eet h, or j ack hammer s f or r emoval .

1. 4. 6 Rock

Sol i d homogeneous i nt er l ocki ng cr yst al l i ne mat er i al wi t h f i r ml y cement ed, l ami nat ed, or f ol i at ed masses or congl omer at e deposi t s, nei t her of whi ch can be r emoved wi t hout syst emat i c dr i l l i ng and bl ast i ng, dr i l l i ng and t he use of expansi on j acks or f eat her wedges, or t he use of backhoe- mount ed pneumat i c hol e puncher s or r ock br eaker s; al so l ar ge boul der s, bur i ed masonr y, or concr et e ot her t han pavement exceedi ng 1/ 2 cubi c yar d i n vol ume. Removal of har d mat er i al wi l l not be consi der ed r ock excavat i on because of i nt er mi t t ent dr i l l i ng and bl ast i ng t hat i s per f or med mer el y t o i ncr ease pr oduct i on.

1. 4. 7 Sel ect Gr anul ar Mat er i al f or Pi pe Backf i l l and Cap Sand

1. 4. 7. 1 Gener al Requi r ement s

Sel ect gr anul ar mat er i al consi st of mat er i al s c l assi f i ed as SW, or SP by ASTM D2487 wher e i ndi cat ed. Sel ect gr anul ar mat i al shal l cont ai n no mor e t han 10 per cent by wei ght of mat er i al passi ng a No. 200 si eve when t est ed i n accor dance wi t h ASTM D1140.

1. 4. 8 I ni t i al Backf i l l f or Fi l l Pl acement Mat er i al s

I ni t i al backf i l l consi st s of sel ect gr anul ar mat er i al or sat i sf act or y mat er i al s f r ee f r om r ocks 1 i nch or l ar ger i n any di mensi on or f r ee f r om r ocks of such si ze as r ecommended by t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer , whi chever i s smal l er .

1. 5 SYSTEM DESCRI PTI ON

Subsur f ace soi l bor i ng l ogs ar e shown on t he dr awi ngs i n t he B- Ser i es.

Thi s dat a r epr esent s t he best subsur f ace i nf or mat i on avai l abl e; however , var i at i ons may exi st i n t he subsur f ace bet ween bor i ng l ocat i ons.

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1. 5. 1 Cl assi f i cat i on of Excavat i on

Fi ni sh t he speci f i ed excavat i on on a c l assi f i ed basi s, i n accor dance wi t h t he f ol l owi ng desi gnat i ons and cl assi f i cat i ons.

1. 5. 1. 1 Common Excavat i on

I ncl ude common excavat i on wi t h t he sat i sf act or y r emoval and di sposal of al l mat er i al s not c l assi f i ed as r ock excavat i on.

1. 5. 1. 1. 1 Above Mean Hi gh Wat er

Excavat i on above mean hi gh wat er shal l i ncl ude r emoval of st umps and t r ees i n addi t i on t o excavat i on, onsi t e haul i ng t o be scr eened, as wel l as scr eeni ng, sor t i ng, and r emoval of unsat i sf act or y excavt i on mat er i al s.

1. 5. 1. 1. 2 Bel ow Mean Hi gh Wat er

Excavat i on bel ow mean hi gh wat er shal l i ncl ude excavat i on, onsi t e haul i t ng t o be scr eened, as wel l as scr eeni ng, sor t i ng, and r emoval of unsat i sf act or y excavat i on mat er i al s.

1. 5. 2 Dewat er i ng and Wat er Cont r ol Pl an

Submi t pr ocedur es f or accompl i shi ng dewat er i ng wor k.

1. 6 SUBMI TTALS

Gover nment appr oval i s r equi r ed f or submi t t al s wi t h a " G" or " S" c l assi f i cat i on. Submi t t al s not havi ng a " G" or " S" c l assi f i cat i on ar e f or i nf or mat i on onl y. When used, a code f ol l owi ng t he " G" c l assi f i cat i on i dent i f i es t he of f i ce t hat wi l l r evi ew t he submi t t al f or t he Gover nment .

Submi t t he f ol l owi ng i n accor dance wi t h Sect i on 01 33 00 SUBMI TTAL

PROCEDURES:

SD- 01 Pr econst r uct i on Submi t t al s

Ti dal Wat er Cont r ol Pl an ( Mat er i al s) ; G, DO

Dewat er i ng and Wat er Cont r ol Pl an; G, DO

Haul Road Const r uct i on Pl an; G, DO

Dewat er i ng Wor k Pl an; G, DO

SD- 03 Pr oduct Dat a

Ut i l i zat i on of Excavat ed Mat er i al s; G, DO

Di sposal Locat i on( s) f or Unsat i sf act or y Mat er i al s

SD- 06 Test Repor t s

Test i ng; G, DO

Wi t hi n 24 hour s of concl usi on of physi cal t est s, submi t 3 copi es of t est r esul t s, i ncl udi ng cal i br at i on cur ves and r esul t s of cal i br at i on t est s.

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SD- 07 Cer t i f i cat es

Test i ng

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2. 1 BURI ED WARNI NG AND I DENTI FI CATI ON TAPE

Pr ovi de pol yet hyl ene pl ast i c war ni ng t ape manuf act ur ed speci f i cal l y f or war ni ng and i dent i f i cat i on of bur i ed ut i l i t y l i nes. Pr ovi de t ape on r ol l s, 3 i nches mi ni mum wi dt h, col or coded as speci f i ed bel ow f or t he i nt ended ut i l i t y wi t h war ni ng and i dent i f i cat i on i mpr i nt ed i n bol d bl ack l et t er s cont i nuousl y over t he ent i r e t ape l engt h. War ni ng and i dent i f i cat i on t o r ead, " CAUTI ON, BURI ED ( i nt ended ser vi ce) LI NE BELOW" or s i mi l ar wor di ng. Pr ovi de per manent col or and pr i nt i ng, unaf f ect ed by moi st ur e or soi l .

War ni ng Tape Col or Codes

Red El ect r i c

Yel l ow Gas, Oi l ; Danger ous Mat er i al s

Or ange Tel ephone and Ot her Communi cat i ons

Bl ue Wat er Syst ems

Gr een Sewer Syst ems

Whi t e St eam Syst ems

Gr ay Compr essed Ai r

2. 1. 1 Det ect abl e War ni ng Tape f or Non- Met al l i c Pi pi ng

Pr ovi de pol yet hyl ene pl ast i c t ape conf or mi ng t o t he wi dt h, col or , and pr i nt i ng r equi r ement s speci f i ed above, wi t h a mi ni mum t hi ckness of 0. 004 i nch, and a mi ni mum st r engt h of 1500 psi l engt hwi se and 1250 psi cr osswi se. Manuf act ur e t ape wi t h i nt egr al wi r es, f oi l backi ng, or ot her means of enabl i ng det ect i on by a met al det ect or when t ape i s bur i ed up t o 3 f eet deep. Encase met al l i c el ement of t he t ape i n a pr ot ect i ve j acket or pr ovi de wi t h ot her means of cor r osi on pr ot ect i on.

PART 3 EXECUTI ON

3. 1 ACCESS MATTI NG

Al l ar eas desi gnat ed as par t of t he wet l and or channel shal l adher e t o t he r equi r ement s f or t he access mat t i ng as def i ned i n Sect i on 35 20 24 THI N LAYER PLACEMENT i n subpar agr aph 2. 1. 2.

3. 2 GENERAL EXCAVATI ON

Per f or m excavat i on of ever y t ype of mat er i al encount er ed wi t hi n t he l i mi t s of t he pr oj ect t o t he l i nes, gr ades, and el evat i ons i ndi cat ed and as speci f i ed. Per f or m t he gr adi ng i n accor dance wi t h t he t ypi cal sect i ons shown and t he t ol er ances speci f i ed i n par agr aph FI NI SHI NG.

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Tr anspor t excavat ed mat er i al t o t he st agi ng and scr eeni ng ar ea. Soi l scr eeni ng wi l l r emove i t ems gr eat er t han t hr ee ( 3) i nches i n s i ze, whi ch i s ant i c i pat ed t o r emove t he maj or i t y of smal l er const r uct i on and demol i t i on debr i s. Scr een al l excavat ed mat er i al t o r emove unsat i sf act or y mat er i al i ncl udi ng, but not l i mi t ed t o, met al s, l ar ge concr et e or masonr y debr i s, t i r es, and t r ash. Tr anspor t r emai ni ng sat i sf act or y, scr eened, excavat ed mat er i al s and pl ace i n pr oposed f i l l pl acement ar eas wi t hi n t he l i mi t s of t he wor k. St ockpi l es of unsat i sf act or y and wast e mat er i al s shal l not be al l owed t o accumul at e and shal l be per i odi cal l y t r anspor t ed of f s i t e t o appr oved f aci l i t i es. Dur i ng const r uct i on, per f or m excavat i on and f i l l i n a manner and sequence t hat wi l l pr ovi de pr oper dr ai nage at al l t i mes.

3. 2. 1 Di t ches, Gut t er s, and Channel Changes

Fi ni sh excavat i on of di t ches, gut t er s, and channel changes by cut t i ng accur at el y t o t he cr oss sect i ons, gr ades, and el evat i ons shown on Dr awi ng Sheet No. CG- 201, CG- 301, and CG- 302. The GC- 500 ser i es depi ct s t he associ at ed det ai l s. Do not excavat e di t ches and gut t er s bel ow gr ades shown. Backf i l l t he excessi ve open di t ch or gut t er excavat i on wi t h sat i sf act or y, t hor oughl y compact ed, mat er i al or wi t h sui t abl e st one or cobbl e t o gr ades shown. Wher e possi bl e, st ockpi l es wi l l be pl aced a di st ance f r om t he edge of excavat i on equal t o ( or gr eat er t han) t he dept h of t he excavat i on. Mai nt ai n excavat i ons f r ee f r om det r i ment al quant i t i es of l eaves, br ush, st i cks, t r ash, and ot her debr i s unt i l f i nal accept ance of t he wor k.

3. 2. 2 Dr ai nage St r uct ur es

Make excavat i ons t o t he l i nes, gr ades, and el evat i ons shown, or as di r ect ed. Pr ovi de t r enches of suf f i c i ent s i ze t o per mi t t he pl acement and r emoval of f or ms f or t he f ul l l engt h and wi dt h of ut i l i t y as shown.

3. 2. 3 Dr ai nage

Pr ovi de f or t he col l ect i on and di sposal of sur f ace and subsur f ace wat er encount er ed dur i ng const r uct i on. Compl et el y dr ai n const r uct i on s i t e dur i ng per i ods of const r uct i on t o keep soi l mat er i al s suf f i c i ent l y dr y.

Const r uct st or m dr ai nage f eat ur es ( swal es and pi pes as per t he const r uct i on sequence) and pr ovi de t empor ar y di t ches, swal es, and ot her dr ai nage f eat ur es and equi pment as r equi r ed t o mai nt ai n dr y soi l s. When unsui t abl e wor ki ng pl at f or ms f or equi pment oper at i on and unsui t abl e soi l suppor t f or subsequent const r uct i on f eat ur es devel op, r emove unsui t abl e mat er i al and pr ovi de new soi l mat er i al as speci f i ed her ei n. I t i s t he r esponsi bi l i t y of t he Cont r act or t o assess t he soi l and gr ound wat er condi t i ons pr esent ed by t he pl ans and speci f i cat i ons and t o empl oy necessar y measur es t o per mi t const r uct i on t o pr oceed.

3. 2. 4 Dewat er i ng

Cont r ol gr oundwat er f l owi ng t owar d or i nt o excavat i ons t o pr event s l oughi ng of excavat i on s l opes and wal l s, boi l s, upl i f t and heave i n t he excavat i on and t o el i mi nat e i nt er f er ence wi t h or der l y pr ogr ess of const r uct i on per t he dewat er i ng and wat er cont r ol pl an. The cont r act or shal l i mpl ement t he necessar y dewat er i ng and/ or wat er cont r ol s t o compl et e t he pr oposed const r uct i on act i v i t i es. The cont r act or shal l submi t a Dewat er i ng Wor k Pl an whi ch shal l i ncl ude t he necessar y mechani cal means and met hods as wel l as const r uct i on oper at i ons and sequence t o mai nt ai n

SECTI ON 31 00 00 Page 8 or der l y pr ogr ess.

3. 2. 5 Tr ench Excavat i on Requi r ement s

Excavat e t he t r ench as r ecommended by t he manuf act ur er of t he pi pe t o be i nst al l ed. Sl ope t r ench wal l s bel ow t he t op of t he pi pe, or make ver t i cal , and of such wi dt h as r ecommended i n t he manuf act ur er ' s pr i nt ed i nst al l at i on manual . Pr ovi de ver t i cal t r ench wal l s wher e no manuf act ur er ' s pr i nt ed i nst al l at i on manual i s avai l abl e. Shor e t r ench wal l s, cut back t o a st abl e s l ope, or pr ovi de wi t h equi val ent means of pr ot ect i on f or empl oyees who may be exposed t o movi ng gr ound or cave i n, as det er mi ned by t he Cont r act or ’ s Saf et y Engi neer or ot her compet ent per son; r ef er t o USACE publ i cat i on EM 385- 1- 1. Excavat e t r ench wal l s whi ch ar e cut back t o at l east t he angl e of r epose of t he soi l . Gi ve speci al at t ent i on t o s l opes whi ch may be adver sel y af f ect ed by weat her or moi st ur e cont ent . Do not exceed t he t r ench wi dt h bel ow t he pi pe t op of 24 i nches pl us pi pe out si de di amet er ( O. D. ) f or pi pes of l ess t han 24 i nches i nsi de di amet er , and do not exceed 36 i nches pl us pi pe out si de di amet er f or s i zes l ar ger t han 24 i nches i nsi de di amet er . Wher e r ecommended t r ench wi dt hs ar e exceeded, pr ovi de r edesi gn, st r onger pi pe, or speci al i nst al l at i on pr ocedur es by t he Cont r act or . The Cont r act or i s r esponsi bl e f or t he cost of r edesi gn, st r onger pi pe, or speci al i nst al l at i on pr ocedur es wi t hout any addi t i onal cost t o t he Gover nment .

3. 2. 5. 1 Bot t om Pr epar at i on

Gr ade t he bot t oms of t r enches accur at el y t o pr ovi de uni f or m bear i ng and suppor t f or t he bot t om quadr ant of each sect i on of t he pi pe. Excavat e bel l hol es t o t he necessar y s i ze at each j oi nt or coupl i ng t o el i mi nat e poi nt bear i ng. Remove st ones of 3 i nches or gr eat er i n any di mensi on, or as r ecommended by t he pi pe manuf act ur er , whi chever i s smal l er , t o avoi d poi nt bear i ng.

3. 2. 5. 2 Removal of Unyi el di ng Mat er i al

Wher e unyi el di ng mat er i al i s encount er ed i n t he bot t om of t he t r ench, r emove such mat er i al 6 i nches bel ow t he r equi r ed gr ade and r epl aced wi t h sui t abl e mat er i al s as pr ovi ded i n par agr aph BACKFI LLI NG AND COMPACTI ON.

3. 2. 5. 3 Removal of Unst abl e Mat er i al

Wher e unst abl e mat er i al i s encount er ed i n t he bot t om of t he t r ench, r emove such mat er i al t o t he dept h di r ect ed and r epl ace i t t o t he pr oper gr ade wi t h sel ect gr anul ar mat er i al as pr ovi ded i n par agr aph BACKFI LLI NG AND COMPACTI ON. When r emoval of unst abl e mat er i al i s r equi r ed due t o t he Cont r act or ' s f aul t or negl ect i n per f or mi ng t he wor k, t he Cont r act or i s r esponsi bl e f or excavat i ng t he r esul t i ng mat er i al and r epl aci ng i t wi t hout addi t i onal cost t o t he Gover nment .

3. 2. 5. 4 Excavat i on f or Appur t enances

Pr ovi de excavat i on f or manhol es, cat ch- basi ns, i nl et s, or s i mi l ar st r uct ur es suf f i c i ent t o l eave at l east 12 i nches cl ear bet ween t he out er st r uct ur e sur f aces and t he f ace of t he excavat i on or suppor t member s.

Cl ean r ock or l oose debr i s and cut t o a f i r m sur f ace ei t her l evel , st epped, or ser r at ed, as shown or as di r ect ed. Remove l oose di s i nt egr at ed r ock and t hi n st r at a. Speci f y r emoval of unst abl e mat er i al .

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3. 2. 6 Under gr ound Ut i l i t i es

The Cont r act or i s r esponsi bl e f or movement of const r uct i on machi ner y and equi pment over pi pes and ut i l i t i es dur i ng const r uct i on. Per f or m wor k adj acent t o non- Gover nment ut i l i t i es as i ndi cat ed i n accor dance wi t h pr ocedur es out l i ned by ut i l i t y company. Excavat i on made wi t h power - dr i ven equi pment i s not per mi t t ed wi t hi n 10 f eet of known Gover nment - owned ut i l i t y or subsur f ace const r uct i on. For wor k i mmedi at el y adj acent t o or f or excavat i ons exposi ng a ut i l i t y or ot her bur i ed obst r uct i on, excavat e by hand. St ar t hand excavat i on on each si de of t he i ndi cat ed obst r uct i on and cont i nue unt i l t he obst r uct i on i s uncover ed or unt i l c l ear ance f or t he new gr ade i s assur ed. Suppor t uncover ed l i nes or ot her exi st i ng wor k af f ect ed by t he cont r act excavat i on unt i l appr oval f or backf i l l i s gr ant ed by t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer . Repor t damage t o ut i l i t y l i nes or subsur f ace const r uct i on i mmedi at el y t o t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer .

3. 3 OPENI NG AND DRAI NAGE OF EXCAVATI ON

Not i f y t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer suf f i c i ent l y i n advance of t he openi ng of any excavat i on t o per mi t el evat i ons and measur ement s of t he undi st ur bed gr ound sur f ace t o be t aken. Except as ot her wi se per mi t t ed, excavat e bor r ow pi t s and ot her excavat i on ar eas pr ovi di ng adequat e dr ai nage.

Tr anspor t over bur den and ot her spoi l mat er i al t o desi gnat ed spoi l ar eas or ot her wi se di spose of as di r ect ed. Pr ovi de neat l y t r i mmed and dr ai ned bor r ow pi t s af t er t he excavat i on i s compl et ed. Ensur e t hat excavat i on of any ar ea, oper at i on of bor r ow pi t s, or dumpi ng of spoi l mat er i al r esul t s i n mi ni mum det r i ment al ef f ect s on nat ur al envi r onment al condi t i ons.

3. 4 GRADI NG AREAS

Wher e i ndi cat ed, di v i de wor k i nt o gr adi ng ar eas wi t hi n whi ch sat i sf act or y excavat ed mat er i al wi l l be pl aced i n embankment s, f i l l s , and r equi r ed backf i l l s . Do not haul sat i sf act or y mat er i al excavat ed i n one gr adi ng ar ea t o anot her gr adi ng ar ea except when so di r ect ed i n wr i t i ng. Pl ace and gr ade st ockpi l es of sat i sf act or y mat er i al s as speci f i ed. St ockpi l es of unsat i sf act or y and wast e mat er i al s shal l not be al l owed t o accumul at e and shal l be per i odi cal l y t r anspor t ed of f s i t e t o appr oved f aci l i t i es. Keep st ockpi l es i n a neat and wel l dr ai ned condi t i on, gi v i ng due consi der at i on t o dr ai nage at al l t i mes. Cl ear , gr ub, and seal by r ubber - t i r ed equi pment , t he gr ound sur f ace at st ockpi l e l ocat i ons; separ at el y st ockpi l e excavat ed sat i sf act or y and unsat i sf act or y mat er i al s. Pr ot ect st ockpi l es of sat i sf act or y mat er i al s f r om cont ami nat i on whi ch may dest r oy t he qual i t y and f i t ness of t he st ockpi l ed mat er i al . I f t he Cont r act or f ai l s t o pr ot ect t he st ockpi l es, and any mat er i al becomes unsat i sf act or y, r emove and r epl ace such mat er i al wi t h sat i sf act or y mat er i al f r om appr oved sour ces.

3. 5 GROUND SURFACE PREPARATI ON

3. 5. 1 Gener al Requi r ement s

Remove and r epl ace unsat i sf act or y mat er i al wi t h sat i sf act or y mat er i al s, as di r ect ed by t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer , i n sur f aces t o r ecei ve f i l l or i n excavat ed ar eas. Scar i f y t he sur f ace t o a dept h of 6 i nches bef or e t he f i l l i s st ar t ed. Pl ow, st ep, bench, or br eak up sl oped sur f aces st eeper t han 1 ver t i cal t o 4 hor i zont al so t hat t he f i l l mat er i al wi l l bond wi t h t he exi st i ng mat er i al . When subgr ades ar e l ess t han t he speci f i ed densi t y, br eak up t he gr ound sur f ace t o a mi ni mum dept h of 6 i nches, pul ver i z i ng, and compact i ng t o t he speci f i ed densi t y. When t he subgr ade i s par t f i l l and par t excavat i on or nat ur al gr ound, scar i f y t he excavat ed

SECTI ON 31 00 00 Page 10 or nat ur al gr ound por t i on t o a dept h of 12 i nches and compact i t as speci f i ed f or t he adj acent f i l l .

3. 5. 2 Fr ozen Mat er i al

Do not pl ace mat er i al on sur f aces t hat ar e muddy, f r ozen, or cont ai n f r ost . Fi ni sh compact i on by sheepsf oot r ol l er s, pneumat i c- t i r ed r ol l er s, st eel - wheel ed r ol l er s, or ot her appr oved equi pment wel l sui t ed t o t he soi l bei ng compact ed. Moi st en mat er i al as necessar y t o pr ovi de t he moi st ur e cont ent t hat wi l l r eadi l y f aci l i t at e obt ai ni ng t he speci f i ed compact i on wi t h t he equi pment used.

3. 6 UTI LI ZATI ON OF EXCAVATED MATERI ALS

Al l excavat ed sat i sf act or y mat er i al shal l be pl aced on si t e i n t he pr oposed f i l l pl acement ar eas. Submi t pr ocedur e and l ocat i on f or di sposal of unused sat i sf act or y excavat i on mat er i al .

3. 7 BURI ED TAPE AND DETECTI ON WI RE

3. 7. 1 Bur i ed War ni ng and I dent i f i cat i on Tape

Pr ovi de bur i ed ut i l i t y l i nes wi t h ut i l i t y i dent i f i cat i on t ape. Bur y t ape 12 i nches bel ow f i ni shed gr ade; under pavement s and sl abs, bur y t ape 6 i nches bel ow t op of subgr ade.

3. 7. 2 Bur i ed Det ect i on Wi r e

Bur y det ect i on wi r e di r ect l y above non- met al l i c pi pi ng at a di st ance not t o exceed 12 i nches above t he t op of pi pe. Ext end t he wi r e cont i nuousl y and unbr oken, f r om manhol e t o manhol e. Ter mi nat e t he ends of t he wi r e i nsi de t he manhol es at each end of t he pi pe, wi t h a mi ni mum of 3 f eet of wi r e, coi l ed, r emai ni ng accessi bl e i n each manhol e. Fur ni sh i nsul at ed wi r e over i t s ent i r e l engt h. I nst al l wi r es at manhol es bet ween t he t op of t he cor bel and t he f r ame, and ext end up t hr ough t he chi mney seal bet ween t he f r ame and t he chi mney seal . For f or ce mai ns, t er mi nat e t he wi r e i n t he val ve pi t at t he pump st at i on end of t he pi pe.

3. 8 FI LLI NG, BACKFI LLI NG AND COMPACTI ON

Pl ace f i l l and backf i l l beneat h and adj acent t o any and al l t ype of st r uct ur es, i n successi ve hor i zont al l ayer s of l oose mat er i al not mor e t han 8 i nches i n dept h, or i n l oose l ayer s not mor e t han 5 i nches i n dept h when usi ng hand- oper at ed compact i on equi pment . Compact t o at l east 90 per cent of l abor at or y maxi mum densi t y f or cohesi ve mat er i al s or 95 per cent of l abor at or y maxi mum densi t y f or cohesi onl ess mat er i al s, except as ot her wi se speci f i ed. Per f or m compact i on i n such a manner as t o pr event wedgi ng act i on or eccent r i c l oadi ng upon or agai nst t he st r uct ur e.

Moi st ur e condi t i on f i l l and backf i l l mat er i al t o a moi st ur e cont ent t hat wi l l r eadi l y f aci l i t at e obt ai ni ng t he speci f i ed compact i on.

Pr epar e gr ound sur f ace on whi ch backf i l l i s t o be pl aced and pr ovi de compact i on r equi r ement s f or backf i l l mat er i al s i n conf or mance wi t h t he appl i cabl e por t i ons of par agr aphs GROUND SURFACE PREPARATI ON. Fi ni sh compact i on by sheepsf oot r ol l er s, pneumat i c- t i r ed r ol l er s, st eel - wheel ed r ol l er s, v i br at or y compact or s, or ot her appr oved equi pment .

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3. 8. 1 Tr ench Backf i l l

Backf i l l t r enches t o t he gr ade shown and r ef er ence det ai l 01 on CG- 501 f or t r ench speci f i c det ai l s. .

3. 8. 1. 1 Beddi ng and I ni t i al Backf i l l

Pr ovi de beddi ng of t he t ype and t hi ckness shown. Pl ace i ni t i al backf i l l mat er i al and compact i t wi t h appr oved t amper s t o a hei ght of at l east one f oot above t he ut i l i t y pi pe or condui t . Br i ng up t he backf i l l evenl y on bot h s i des of t he pi pe f or t he f ul l l engt h of t he pi pe. Take car e t o ensur e t hor ough compact i on of t he f i l l under t he haunches of t he pi pe.

Except as speci f i ed ot her wi se i n t he i ndi v i dual pi pi ng sect i on, pr ovi de beddi ng f or bur i ed pi pi ng i n accor dance wi t h AWWA C600, Type 4, except as speci f i ed her ei n. Compact backf i l l t o t op of pi pe t o 95 per cent of ASTM D698 maxi mum densi t y. Pr ovi de pl ast i c pi pi ng wi t h beddi ng t o spr i ng l i ne of pi pe. Pr ovi de mat er i al s as f ol l ows:

3. 8. 1. 1. 1 Cl ass I

Angul ar , 0. 25 t o 1. 5 i nch, gr aded st one, i ncl udi ng a number of f i l l mat er i al s t hat have r egi onal s i gni f i cance such as cor al , s l ag, c i nder s, cr ushed st one, and cr ushed shel l s.

3. 8. 1. 1. 2 Cl ass I I

Coar se sands and gr avel s wi t h maxi mum par t i c l e s i ze of 1. 5 i nch, i ncl udi ng var i ous gr aded sands and gr avel s cont ai ni ng smal l per cent ages of f i nes, gener al l y gr anul ar and noncohesi ve, ei t her wet or dr y. Soi l Types GW, GP, SW, and SP ar e i ncl uded i n t hi s c l ass as speci f i ed i n ASTM D2487.

3. 8. 1. 2 Fi nal Backf i l l

Fi l l t he r emai nder of t he t r ench, except f or speci al mat er i al s f or r oadways, r ai l r oads and ai r f i el ds, wi t h sat i sf act or y mat er i al . Pl ace backf i l l mat er i al and compact as f ol l ows:

3. 8. 1. 2. 1 Si dewal ks, Tur f ed or Seeded Ar eas and Mi scel l aneous Ar eas

Deposi t backf i l l i n l ayer s of a maxi mum of 12 i nches l oose t hi ckness, and compact i t t o 85 per cent maxi mum densi t y f or cohesi ve soi l s and 90 per cent maxi mum densi t y f or cohesi onl ess soi l s. Do not per mi t compact i on by wat er f l oodi ng or j et t i ng. Appl y t hi s r equi r ement t o al l ot her ar eas not speci f i cal l y desi gnat ed above.

3. 9 SPECI AL REQUI REMENTS

Speci al r equi r ement s f or bot h excavat i on and backf i l l r el at i ng t o t he speci f i c ut i l i t i es ar e as f ol l ows:

3. 9. 1 Beddi ng Pl acement

Spr ead f i l t er f abr i c beddi ng mat er i al uni f or ml y t o a t hi ckness of at l east 3 i nches on pr epar ed subgr ade as i ndi cat ed. Compact i on of beddi ng i s not r equi r ed. Fi ni sh beddi ng t o pr esent even sur f ace f r ee f r om mounds and wi ndr ows.

SECTI ON 31 00 00 Page 12

3. 10 EMBANKMENTS

3. 10. 1 Ear t h Embankment s

Const r uct ear t h f i l l s f r om sat i sf act or y mat er i al s f r ee of f r ozen mat er i al and r ocks wi t h any di mensi on gr eat er t han 3 i nches. Pl ace t he mat er i al i n successi ve hor i zont al l ayer s of l oose mat er i al not mor e t han 12 i nches i n dept h. Spr ead each l ayer uni f or ml y on a soi l sur f ace t hat has been moi st ened or aer at ed as necessar y, and scar i f i ed or ot her wi se br oken up so t hat t he f i l l wi l l bond wi t h t he sur f ace on whi ch i t i s pl aced. Af t er spr eadi ng, pl ow, di sk, or ot her wi se br eak up each l ayer ; moi st en or aer at e as necessar y; t hor oughl y mi x; and compact t o at l east 80 per cent l abor at or y maxi mum densi t y f or cohesi ve mat er i al s or 80 per cent l abor at or y maxi mum densi t y f or cohesi onl ess mat er i al s. Backf i l l and f i l l mat er i al must be t o a moi st ur e cont ent t hat wi l l r eadi l y f aci l i t at e obt ai ni ng t he speci f i ed compact i on.

Compact i on r equi r ement s f or t he upper por t i on of ear t h embankment s f or mi ng subgr ade f or pavement s ar e i dent i cal wi t h t hose r equi r ement s speci f i ed i n par agr aph SUBGRADE PREPARATI ON. Fi ni sh compact i on by sheepsf oot r ol l er s, pneumat i c- t i r ed r ol l er s, st eel - wheel ed r ol l er s, v i br at or y compact or s, or ot her appr oved equi pment .

3. 11 SUBGRADE PREPARATI ON

3. 11. 1 Const r uct i on

Shape subgr ade t o l i ne, gr ade, and cr oss sect i on, and compact as speci f i ed. I ncl ude pl owi ng, di ski ng, and any moi st eni ng or aer at i ng r equi r ed t o obt ai n speci f i ed compact i on f or t hi s oper at i on. Remove sof t or ot her wi se unsat i sf act or y mat er i al and r epl ace wi t h sat i sf act or y excavat ed mat er i al or ot her appr oved mat er i al as di r ect ed. Excavat e r ock encount er ed i n t he cut sect i on t o a dept h of 6 i nches bel ow f i ni shed gr ade f or t he subgr ade. Br i ng up l ow ar eas r esul t i ng f r om r emoval of unsat i sf act or y mat er i al or excavat i on of r ock t o r equi r ed gr ade wi t h sat i sf act or y mat er i al s, and shape t he ent i r e subgr ade t o l i ne, gr ade, and cr oss sect i on and compact as speci f i ed. Do not var y t he el evat i on of t he f i ni sh subgr ade mor e t han 0. 05 f oot f r om t he est abl i shed gr ade and cr oss sect i on.

3. 11. 2 Compact i on

Fi ni sh compact i on by sheepsf oot r ol l er s, pneumat i c- t i r ed r ol l er s, st eel - wheel ed r ol l er s, v i br at or y compact or s, or ot her appr oved equi pment as necessar y t o achi eve t he r equi r ed compact i on per cent f or t he ar ea.

3. 12 FI NI SHI NG

Fi ni sh t he sur f ace of excavat i ons, embankment s, and subgr ades t o a smoot h and compact sur f ace i n accor dance wi t h t he l i nes, gr ades, and cr oss sect i ons or el evat i ons shown. Pr ovi de t he degr ee of f i ni sh f or gr aded ar eas wi t hi n 0. 1 f oot of t he gr ades and el evat i ons i ndi cat ed except t hat t he degr ee of f i ni sh f or subgr ades speci f i ed i n par agr aph SUBGRADE PREPARATI ON. Fi ni sh swal es and conveyance f eat ur es i n a manner t hat wi l l r esul t i n ef f ect i ve dr ai nage. Fi ni sh t he sur f ace of ar eas t o be veget at ed t o a smoot hness sui t abl e f or t he appl i cat i on of seed and veget at i on mat er i al s. Repai r gr aded, t opsoi l ed, or backf i l l ed ar eas pr i or t o accept ance of t he wor k, and r e- est abl i shed gr ades t o t he r equi r ed el evat i ons and sl opes.

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3. 12. 1 Subgr ade and Embankment s

Dur i ng const r uct i on, keep f i l l s and excavat i ons shaped and dr ai ned.

Mai nt ai n di t ches and dr ai ns al ong subgr ade t o dr ai n ef f ect i vel y at al l t i mes. D Pr ot ect and mai nt ai n t he f i ni shed subgr ade i n a sat i sf act or y condi t i on unt i l veget at i on and st abi l i zat i on i s pl aced. Do not per mi t t he st or age or st ockpi l i ng of mat er i al s on t he f i ni shed subgr ade. Do not l ay subbase, base cour se, bal l ast , or pavement unt i l t he subgr ade has been checked and appr oved, and i n no case pl ace subbase, base, sur f aci ng, pavement , or bal l ast on a muddy, spongy, or f r ozen subgr ade.

3. 13 TESTI NG

Per f or m t est i ng by a Cor ps val i dat ed commer ci al t est i ng l abor at or y or t he Cont r act or ' s val i dat ed t est i ng f aci l i t y . Submi t qual i f i cat i ons of t he Cor ps val i dat ed commer ci al t est i ng l abor at or y or t he Cont r act or ' s val i dat ed t est i ng f aci l i t i es. I f t he Cont r act or el ect s t o est abl i sh t est i ng f aci l i t i es, do not per mi t wor k r equi r i ng t est i ng unt i l t he Cont r act or ' s f aci l i t i es have been i nspect ed, Cor ps val i dat ed and appr oved by t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer .

a. Det er mi ne f i el d i n- pl ace densi t y i n accor dance wi t h ASTM D6938.

b. Check t he cal i br at i on cur ves f ur ni shed wi t h t he moi st ur e gauges al ong wi t h densi t y cal i br at i on checks as descr i bed i n ASTM D6938; check t he cal i br at i on of bot h t he densi t y and moi st ur e gauges at t he begi nni ng of a j ob on each di f f er ent t ype of mat er i al encount er ed and at i nt er val s as di r ect ed by t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer . When t est r esul t s i ndi cat e, as det er mi ned by t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer , t hat compact i on i s not as speci f i ed, r emove t he mat er i al , r epl ace and r ecompact t o meet speci f i cat i on r equi r ement s.

c. Per f or m t est s on r ecompact ed ar eas t o det er mi ne conf or mance wi t h speci f i cat i on r equi r ement s. Appoi nt a r egi st er ed pr of essi onal c i v i l engi neer t o cer t i f y i nspect i ons and t est r esul t s. These cer t i f i cat i ons shal l st at e t hat t he t est s and obser vat i ons wer e per f or med by or under t he di r ect super vi s i on of t he engi neer and t hat t he r esul t s ar e r epr esent at i ve of t he mat er i al s or condi t i ons bei ng cer t i f i ed by t he t est s. The f ol l owi ng number of t est s, i f per f or med at t he appr opr i at e t i me, wi l l be t he mi ni mum accept abl e f or each t ype oper at i on.

3. 13. 1 Moi st ur e Cont ent s

I n t he st ockpi l e, excavat i on, or bor r ow ar eas, per f or m a mi ni mum of t wo t est s per day per t ype of mat er i al or sour ce of mat er i al bei ng pl aced dur i ng st abl e weat her condi t i ons. Dur i ng unst abl e weat her , per f or m t est s as di ct at ed by l ocal condi t i ons and appr oved by t he Cont r act i ng Of f i cer .

3. 13. 2 Opt i mum Moi st ur e and Labor at or y Maxi mum Densi t y

Per f or m t est s f or each t ype mat er i al or sour ce of mat er i al i ncl udi ng bor r ow mat er i al t o det er mi ne t he opt i mum moi st ur e and l abor at or y maxi mum densi t y val ues. One r epr esent at i ve t est per 1000 cubi c yar ds of f i l l and backf i l l , or when any change i n mat er i al occur s whi ch may af f ect t he opt i mum moi st ur e cont ent or l abor at or y maxi mum densi t y.

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3. 13. 3 Tol er ance Test s f or Subgr ades

Per f or m cont i nuous checks on t he degr ee of f i ni sh speci f i ed i n par agr aph SUBGRADE PREPARATI ON dur i ng const r uct i on of t he subgr ades.

3. 14 DI SPOSI TI ON OF SURPLUS MATERI AL

Sur pl us mat er i al and excavat ed unsat i sf act or y mat er i al not r equi r ed or sui t abl e f or f i l l i ng or backf i l l i ng, and br ush, r ef use, st umps, r oot s, t i mber , concr et e, masonr y, met al s, t i r es, and t r ash shal l be r emoved f r om Gover nment pr oper t y and pr oper l y di sposed of i n accor dance wi t h al l appl i cabl e l aws and r egul at i ons.

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