AMENDMENT 0005_31 33 34 Wick Drain System.pdf

<SEC><ADD> </ADD><MTA NAME=SUBFORMAT CONTENT=NEW/><HDR><AST/>

USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS (<HLS>July 2014</HLS>) Preparing Activity: <PRA>NAVFAC</PRA> Superseding

UFGS ()

<HL4><URL HREF=http://www.wbdg.org/ccb/DOD/UFC/ufc_1_300_02.pdf>UFC 1-300-02 FORMAT STANDARD</URL> for</HL4>

<HL4>UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS</HL4>

<HL4>References are in agreement with UMRL dated </HL4>

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</HDR>

<SCN>SECTION 31 33 34</SCN>

<STL>WICK DRAIN SYSTEM</STL>

<DTE>07/14</DTE>

<PRT =1><TTL>PART 1 GENERAL</TTL>

<SPT =1.1><TTL>1.1 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT</TTL>

<SPT =1.1.1><TTL>1.1.1 Installing Wick Drains</TTL>

<SPT =1.1.1.1><TTL>1.1.1.1 Payment</TTL>

<TXT>Payment will be made for costs associated with installing wick drains, which includes costs of delivery, storage and handling, trial wick drains, augering, spudding, additional subsurface investigation, automated electronic measurement and recording equipment, compiling and submitting installation records, backfilling voids around wick drains, and any other items incidental to installing wick drains to the required elevation.</TXT>

</SPT =1.1.1.1><SPT =1.1.1.2><TTL>1.1.1.2 Measurement</TTL>

<TXT>Wick drains will be measured for payment for installation on the basis of lengths, to the nearest tenth of a linear foot, along the axis of each drain acceptably in place below the top of drainage blanket.</TXT>

</SPT =1.1.1.2><SPT =1.1.1.3><TTL>1.1.1.3 Unit of Measure</TTL>

<TXT>Unit of measure: Linear foot.</TXT>

</SPT =1.1.1.3></SPT =1.1.1><SPT =1.1.2><TTL>1.1.2 Temporary Drainage System</TTL>

<TXT>The temporary drainage system, including any associated pipe, and aggregate will not be measured for payment and will be paid for on a lump sum basis, complete. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing all material, labor, equipment, supplies and incidentals to complete the work.

</TXT>

</SPT =1.1.2></SPT =1.1><SPT =1.2><TTL>1.2 REFERENCES</TTL>

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<NPR>NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation, date, and title.

Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature to update the issue dates.

References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the publish print process.</NPR>

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<TXT>The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.</TXT>

<ADD><REF> <ORG>AENOR - UNA NORMA ESPAÑOLA (UNE)</ORG>

<RID>UNE-EN 12620</RID> <RTL>(2003+A1:2009) Aggregates for concrete

</RTL>

<RID>UNE-EN ISO 10319</RID> <RTL>(2015) Geosynthetics - Wide-width tensile test (ISO 10319:2015)</RTL>

<RID>UNE-EN ISO 11058</RID> <RTL>(2010) Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Determination of water permeability characteristics normal to the plane, without load (ISO 11058:2010)</RTL>

<RID>UNE-EN ISO 12236</RID> <RTL>(2007) Geosynthetics - Static puncture test (CBR test) (ISO 12236:2006)

</RTL>

<RID>UNE-EN ISO 12956</RID> <RTL>(2020) Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Determination of the characteristic opening size (ISO 12956:2019)</RTL>

<RID>UNE-EN ISO 14688-1</RID> <RTL>(2019) Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and classification of soil - Part 1:

Identification and description (ISO

14688-1:2017)</RTL>

</REF></ADD><REF> <ORG>AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION

OFFICIALS (AASHTO)</ORG>

<RID>AASHTO M 252</RID> <RTL>(2009) Standard Specification for Corrugated Polyethylene Drainage Pipe</RTL>

<RID>AASHTO M 288</RID> <RTL>(2006; R 2011) Standard Specification for Geotextile Specification for Highway Applications</RTL>

</REF><REF> <ORG>ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)</ORG>

<ADD><RID>ASTM C33/C33M</RID> <RTL>(2018) Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates</RTL>

</ADD><RID>ASTM C136</RID> <RTL>(2006) Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates

</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D1556</RID> <RTL>(2007) Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sand-Cone Method</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D2487</RID> <RTL><DEL>(2011) Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)</DEL><ADD>(2017; E 2020) Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)</ADD></RTL>

<RID>ASTM D2488</RID> <RTL>(2009a) Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D4355</RID> <RTL>(2007) Deterioration of Geotextiles from Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon-Arc Type Apparatus</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D448</RID> <RTL>(2012) Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Construction</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D4491</RID> <RTL>(1999a; R 2014; E 2014) Water Permeability of Geotextiles by Permittivity

</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D4533</RID> <RTL>(2011) Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geotextiles</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D4595</RID> <RTL>(2011) Tensile Properties of Geotextiles by the Wide-Width Strip Method

</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D4632</RID> <RTL>(2008; E 2013; R 2013) Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles</RTL>

<ADD><RID>ASTM D4716/D4716M</RID><RTL>(2008; R 2013) Determining the (In-Plane) Flow Rate Per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a Geosynthetic Using a Constant Head</RTL>

</ADD><RID>ASTM D4751</RID> <RTL><DEL>(2012) Determining Apparent Opening Size of a Geotextile</DEL><ADD> (2020) Standard Test Method for Determining Apparent Opening Size of a

Geotextile</ADD></RTL>

<RID>ASTM D4833</RID> <RTL>(2007) Index Puncture Resistance of Geotextiles, Geomembranes, and Related Products</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D4873</RID> <RTL>(2002; R 2009) Identification, Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic Rolls and Samples</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D5035</RID> <RTL>(2011) Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D5199</RID> <RTL>(2012) Measuring Nominal Thickness of Geosynthetics</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D5261</RID> <RTL>(2010) Measuring Mass Per Unit Area of Geotextiles</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D5321/D5321M</RID> <RTL>(2014) Determining the Coefficient of Soil and Geosynthetic or Geosynthetic and Geosynthetic Friction by the Direct Shear Method</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D6637</RID> <RTL>(2011) Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single or Multi-Rib Tensile Method

</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D6706</RID> <RTL>(2001; R 2013) Standard Test Method for Measuring Geosynthetic Pullout Resistance in Soil</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D6938</RID> <RTL>(2010) Standard Test Method for In-Place Density and Water Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)</RTL>

<RID>ASTM D698</RID> <RTL>(2012; E 2014) Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/cu. ft. (600 kN-m/cu. m.))</RTL>

</REF><REF> <ORG>GEOSYNTHETIC INSTITUTE (GSI)</ORG>

<RID>GSI GRI GG6</RID> <RTL>(1996) Grip Types for Use in Wide Width Testing of Geotextiles and Geogrids

</RTL>

</REF><ADD><REF> <ORG>MINISTERIO DE FOMENTO (MF)</ORG>

<RID>FOM/2523/2014</RID> <RTL>(2014) Orden de 12 de diciembre, por la que se actualizan determinados artículos del pliego de prescripciones técnicas generales para obras de carreteras y puentes, relativos a materiales básicos, a firmes y pavimentos, y a señalización, balizamiento y sistemas de contención de vehículos.</RTL>

<RID>MF PG3</RID> <RTL>(2014) Pliego de Prescripciones Tecnicas Generales para Obras de Carreteras y Puentes</RTL>

</REF></ADD><REF> <ORG>NATIONAL CONCRETE MASONRY ASSOCIATION (NCMA)</ORG>

<RID>NCMA TR127B</RID> <RTL>(2010) Design Manual for Segmental Retaining Walls</RTL>

</REF><REF> <ORG>U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (USACE)</ORG>

<RID>EM 385-1-1</RID> <RTL>(2008; Errata 1-2010; Changes 1-3 2010; Changes 4-6 2011; Change 7 2012) Safety and Health Requirements Manual</RTL>

</REF><REF> <ORG>U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (USDA)</ORG>

<RID>AMS Seed Act</RID> <RTL>(1940; R 1988; R 1998) Federal Seed Act</RTL>

</REF><REF> <ORG>U.S. FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION (FHWA)</ORG>

<RID>FHWA NHI-00-043</RID> <RTL>(2000) Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls and Reinforced Soil Slopes Design and Construction Guidelines (ISDDC)</RTL>

</REF></SPT =1.2><SPT =1.3><TTL>1.3 DEFINITIONS</TTL>

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<NPR>NOTE: Subparagraph "Reinforcement" - This guide specification only applies to geosynthetic (extensible) reinforcement. There are differences in design and construction applicable to steel soil (inextensible) reinforcement.</NPR>

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<SPT =1.3.1><TTL>1.3.1 Drainage Blanket Material</TTL>

<TXT>Aggregate which is placed to allow free transmission of wick drain outflow to lateral drains.</TXT>

</SPT =1.3.1><DEL><SPT =1.3.2><TTL>1.3.2 Drainage Ditch Material</TTL>

<TXT>Aggregate which is placed around lateral drainage pipes to collect flow from drainage blanket.</TXT>

</SPT =1.3.2></DEL><SPT =1.3.2><TTL>1.3.3 Permanent Fill</TTL>

<TXT>Soil which is placed and compacted within the neat line volume of fill as outlined on the drawings.</TXT>

</SPT =1.3.2><SPT =1.3.3><TTL>1.3.4 Surcharge Fill</TTL>

<TXT>Soil which is temporarily placed and compacted above permanent fill within the neat line volume of surcharge as outlined on the plans.</TXT>

</SPT =1.3.3><SPT =1.3.4><TTL>1.3.5 Wick Drain</TTL>

<TXT>A geotextile-polymer<ADD> (PE/PP) </ADD> core composite installed vertically into a compressible subsoil to facilitate pore water drainage and promote an increased rate of consolidation during a specified settlement period.</TXT>

</SPT =1.3.4><DEL><SPT =1.3.5><TTL>1.3.6 Drainage Pipe</TTL>

<TXT>Pipe placed in drainage ditch to transmit wick drain outflow to daylight location(s) as required by the Contractor's temporary construction drainage plan.</TXT>

</SPT =1.3.5></DEL><SPT =1.3.5><TTL>1.3.7 Settlement Gauge</TTL>

<TXT>A device installed prior to fill placement and extended upward during fill placement to remain above grade at all times, used to measure the settlement of the fill for a specified period of time.</TXT>

</SPT =1.3.5></SPT =1.3><SPT =1.4><TTL>1.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION</TTL>

<TXT>Work under this Specification consists of furnishing all labor, equipment and materials necessary to install vertical wick drains<ADD> (called in Spain "Drenaje Mecha") </ADD><DEL>, and lateral drains </DEL> required to complete a temporary drainage system to promote free drainage of wick drain discharge to outflow locations.

The area to be treated by the installation of vertical wick drains shall be as indicated. All wick drains shall penetrate to the depth indicated. The depth of the treatment shall be from elevation of the drainage blanket to the tip elevation indicated on the drawings.

<DEL>Lateral drains shall extend to external surface drainage and discharge freely.</DEL>

Embankment instrumentation consisting of settlement gauges shall be constructed where indicated.</TXT>

</SPT =1.4><SPT =1.5><TTL>1.3 RELATED SECTIONS</TTL>

<TXT>Sections related to the Wick Drain System include:</TXT>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>a. Earthwork: DIVISION 31 Earthworks sections.</LST>

</SPT =1.5><SPT =1.6><TTL>1.6 BID CRITERIA</TTL>

<TXT>Visit the Site prior to bidding to observe and review specific Site conditions and requirements for equipment, methods, and costs to install wick drain system as described herein.</TXT>

</SPT =1.6><SPT =1.7><TTL>1.6 SUBMITTALS</TTL>

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<NPR>NOTE: Review submittal description (SD) definitions in Section <SRF>01 33 00</SRF> SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES and edit the following list to reflect only the submittals required for the project.

The Guide Specification technical editors have designated those items that require Government approval, due to their complexity or criticality, with a "G." Generally, other submittal items can be reviewed by the Contractor's Quality Control System. Only add a “G” to an item, if the submittal is sufficiently important or complex in context of the project.

For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G" designation to indicate the approving authority.

Codes for Army projects using the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO" for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy, Air Force, and NASA projects.

Choose the first bracketed item for Navy, Air Force and NASA projects, or choose the second bracketed item for Army projects.</NPR>

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<TXT>Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for Contractor Quality Control approval. The following shall be submitted in accordance with Section <SRF>

01 33 00</SRF> SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:</TXT>

<ADD> <LST><SUB>SD-01 Preconstruction Submittals</SUB></LST>

<ITM><SUB>Installation Procedures</SUB>; <SUB>G</SUB></ITM>

<ITM><SUB>Qualification Of Installation Contractor</SUB>; <SUB>G

</SUB></ITM>

</ADD><LST><SUB>SD-02 Shop Drawings</SUB></LST>

<ITM><SUB>Detailed Drawings</SUB>; <SUB>G</SUB></ITM>

<LST><SUB>SD-03 Product Data</SUB></LST>

<ITM><DEL>Drainage Pipe </DEL><SUB><DEL>Calculations</DEL><ADD> Wick Drain Installation Equipment</ADD></SUB>; <SUB>G</SUB></ITM>

<ADD>

</ADD>

<LST><SUB>SD-04 Samples</SUB></LST>

<ITM><SUB>Wick Drain</SUB>; <SUB>G</SUB></ITM>

<LST><SUB>SD-07 Certificates</SUB></LST>

<ITM><SUB>Certificates of Compliance</SUB>; <SUB>G</SUB></ITM>

<LST><SUB>SD-11 Closeout Submittals</SUB></LST>

<ITM><SUB>Construction Records</SUB>; <SUB>G</SUB></ITM>

</SPT =1.7><SPT =1.8><TTL>1.8 QUALITY ASSURANCE</TTL>

<ADD><SPT =1.8.1><TTL>1.8.1 <SUB>Qualification Of Installation Contractor</SUB>

</TTL>

<TXT>The Contractor shall have successfully completed a minimum of five wick drain installation projects in similiar ground conditions, and installed not less than 1,000,000 linear meters of wick drain within the past five years of this project. The Contractor shall have a minimum of five continuous years of wick drain installation experience. Submit description of wick drain installation equipment, including but not limited to, size, type, weight, maximum pushing force, vibratory energy (if applicable), predrilling equipment and configuration of the installation rig. Submit at least 30 days prior to commencement of work. </TXT>

</SPT =1.8.1></ADD><SPT =1.8.2><TTL>1.8.1 Manufacturer Representative</TTL>

<TXT>Provide a qualified and experienced representative from the wick drain <DEL> and horizontal drain pipe</DEL> manufacturer available on an as-needed basis during the construction. The representative shall visit the Site for consultation as requested by the Contracting Officer.</TXT>

</SPT =1.8.2></SPT =1.8><SPT =1.9><TTL>1.9 DETAILED DRAWINGS AND CONSTRUCTION RECORDS</TTL>

<SPT =1.9.1><TTL>1.8.2 <SUB>Detailed Drawings</SUB></TTL>

<TXT>Submit at least <ADD>thirty days</ADD><DEL>two weeks</DEL> prior to plans to mobilize equipment to the site drawings indicating fabrication and installation details for the wick drain system, including sequencing and construction procedures. If approved by the Contracting Officer, shop drawings may consist of marked up contract drawings showing exact dimensions for the drainage system components supplied, and other minor revisions. Drawings for the wick drain system shall be subject to the following:</TXT>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>a. All features indicated in the contract documents shall be incorporated in the final construction.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>b. Size, type, weight, maximum pushing force, and configuration of the installation rig.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>c. Dimensions and length of mandrel.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>d. Details of wick drain anchor.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>e. Detailed description of proposed <SUB><DEL> installation procedures</DEL><ADD>Installation Procedures</ADD></SUB>.

</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>f. Proposed methods for overcoming obstructions.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>g. Layout plan shall assign a numeric or alphanumeric label to all wick drains.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>h. Layout plan shall indicate the planned location and elevations for all wick drains and horizontal drains as indicated.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>i. Layout plan shall indicate drainage blanket and working elevation for all areas of treatment.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>j. Approval of the layout plan will not relieve the Contractor of his responsibilities to install wick drains in accordance with the drawings and specifications. If, at any time, the Government considers that the method of installation does not produce a satisfactory wick drain, the Contractor shall alter his method and/or equipment as necessary.</LST>

</SPT =1.9.1><SPT =1.9.2><TTL>1.7.3 <SUB>Construction Records</SUB></TTL>

<TXT>The Contractor's Geotechnical Engineer shall monitor wick drain installation on a full time basis and submit daily construction records to the Contracting Officer. Daily construction records shall document each wick drain placed and include, but not limited to:</TXT>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>a. Name of earthwork or building structure.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>b. Drawing numbers corresponding to wick drain detail and location.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>c. Wick drain number.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>d. Alignment of installation rig mast (vertical or battered with angle).</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>e. Date and start and stop time of advancement.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>f. Nature and location of obstructions, if encountered.

</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>g. Wick drain length installed.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>h. Wick drain length below working elevation.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>i. Crowd force plotted with depth below working elevation.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>j. As-built elevation data (subgrade, wick drain tip and cutoff). Note compliance with installation tolerances.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>k. As-built location coordinates of wick drains in accepted format.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>l. Remarks concerning installation of wick drains.</LST>

<TXT>If using automated measuring and recording equipment, also provide the following information:</TXT>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>a. Wick drain penetration rate (feet per minute) versus depth.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>b. Mandrel crowd force and/or line pressure verses depth.

</LST>

<TXT>Submit to Contracting Officer a printed copy of automated electronic measurement and recording equipment output as described in this Section for all wick drains installed in the past 24 hours. This data will be used for field evaluation to verify target depth has been reached.

Provide to Contracting Officer a copy of electronic raw data from the automated electronic measurement and recording equipment for all wick drains installed in the past 24 hours in an Excel spreadsheet or other accepted format.</TXT>

</SPT =1.9.2><SPT =1.9.3><TTL>1.7.3 Classification of Soil Materials</TTL>

<TXT>Classify when applicable soil materials in accordance with <RID> ASTM D2487</RID><ADD> or <RID>UNE-EN ISO 14688-1</RID></ADD> to verify compliance with vendor specifications for proper usage of products incorporated into Contractor's Work. Alternate method of soil classification may be proposed by Contractor as required for verification with vendor specifications. Alternate method of soil classification is subject to approval by Contracting Officer. All pertinent vendor specifications shall be provided to Contracting Officer with proposed alternate method of soil classification. All testing completed by the Contractor in conjunction with soil material classification will be considered incidental to the contract work.</TXT>

</SPT =1.9.3></SPT =1.9><SPT =1.10><TTL>1.8 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING</TTL>

<TXT>Check products upon delivery to assure that the proper material has been received and is undamaged. Protect the materials from damage and exposure following the guidelines presented in <RID>ASTM D4873</RID><ADD> and <RID>MF PG3</RID> Art. 422 and <RID>FOM/2523/2014</RID>, Art. 290</ADD>.

Contract Officer may reject material that is damaged during shipment, storage or handling; or which does not meet the minimum requirements of the wick drain material.</TXT>

<SPT =1.10.1><TTL>1.8.1 Labeling</TTL>

<TXT>Label each roll with the manufacturer's name, product identification, roll dimensions, lot number, and date manufactured.</TXT>

</SPT =1.10.1><SPT =1.10.2><TTL>1.8.2 Handling</TTL>

<TXT>Wick drain spools shall be handled by hand, or with load carrying straps, a fork lift with a stinger bar, or an axial bar assembly. Wick drain spools shall not be dragged, lifted by one end, lifted by cables or chains, or dropped to the ground.</TXT>

</SPT =1.10.2><SPT =1.10.3><TTL>1.8.4 Storage</TTL>

<TXT>Protect wick drain from cement, paint, excessive mud, chemicals, sparks and flames, temperatures in excess of<MET> 70 degrees C</MET>, and any other environmental condition that may degrade the physical properties. If stored outdoors, elevate the spools from the ground surface. Protect wick drain with an opaque waterproof cover. Deliver wick drain to the Site in a dry and undamaged condition. Wick drain shall not be exposed to direct sunlight for more than 7 days.</TXT>

</SPT =1.10.3></SPT =1.10></PRT =1><PRT =2><TTL>PART 2 PRODUCTS</TTL>

<SPT =2.1><TTL>2.1 WICK DRAINS</TTL>

<TXT><ADD>Wick drains are locally known as "drenaje mecha". </ADD>Submit <SUB>Certificates of Compliance</SUB> for the materials. Submit an affidavit certifying that the wick drain meets the project specifications.

The affidavit shall be signed by an official authorized to certify on behalf of the manufacturer and shall be accompanied by a mill certificate that verifies physical properties were tested during manufacturing and lists the manufacturer's quality control testing. If the affidavit is dated after award of the contract and/or is not specific to the project, the supplier shall attach a statement certifying that the affidavit addressed to the wholesale company is representative of the material supplied. </TXT>

<TXT>Submit Sample of the <SUB>wick drain</SUB> material. The samples shall be stamped or labeled by the manufacturer as being representative of the wick drain material having the specified trade name and shall have a minimum length of 5 feet. Approval of the sample material shall be required prior to site delivery of the wick drain material. The Contractor shall submit wick drain samples and indicate the source of the proposed materials prior to delivery to the Site and shall allow sufficient time to evaluate the material.</TXT>

<TXT>Wick drains shall be a prefabricated type with a corrugated plastic drainage core wrapped on all sides with non-woven synthetic geotextile filter fabric. The geotextile wrap shall be tight around the core and shall be securely seamed in a manner that will not introduce any new materials nor present an obstruction that will impede the flow in the channels of the core.</TXT>

<TXT>The wick drains shall be free of defects, rips, holes, or flaws.

During shipment, the wick drain shall be protected from damage. During storage on site, the storage area shall be such that the wick drain is protected from sunlight, mud, dirt, debris, and detrimental substances.

Manufacturer certification shall be provided for all wick drain material delivered to Site.</TXT>

<TXT>The non-woven geotextile wrap shall conform to the following specifications:</TXT>

<ITM> <ADD><HL1>Test Item</HL1> <HL1> Designation</HL1> <HL1>MARV*</HL1>

Polymer PE/PP Grab Tensile Strength <RID>ASTM D4632</RID> 130 lb.

or <RID>UNE-EN ISO 10319</RID> or 2000 N/m

Trapezoidal Tear <RID>ASTM D4533</RID> 60 lb.

or <RID>UNE-EN ISO 12236</RID> or 2000 N/m Puncture Strength <RID>ASTM D4833</RID> 40 lb.

or <RID>UNE-EN ISO 12236</RID> or 300 N/m Permittivity <RID>ASTM D4491</RID>

0.7 cm/sec or <RID>UNE-EN ISO 11058</RID> Apparent Opening Size <RID>ASTM D4751</RID> 210 micron or <RID>UNE-EN ISO 12956</RID>

*The property values (except for AOS) represent minimum average roll values in the weakest principal direction. Jacketing wrap material shall be tested in saturated and dry conditions.</ADD> <DEL><HL1>Test Item</HL1> <HL1>Designation</HL1>

<HL1>MARV*</HL1>

Grab Tensile Strength <RID>ASTM D4632</RID> 130 lb.

Trapezoidal Tear <RID>ASTM D4533</RID> 60 lb.

Puncture Strength <RID>ASTM D4833</RID> 40 lb.

Permittivity <RID>ASTM D4491</RID> 0.7 sec

<SPS>-1</SPS>

Apparent Opening Size <RID>ASTM D4751</RID> 210 micron

*The property values (except for AOS) represent minimum average roll values in the weakest principal direction. Jacketing wrap material shall be tested in saturated and dry conditions.</DEL>

</ITM>

<TXT>One single type of assembled wick drain shall be used on the project unless otherwise specified or approved by the Contracting Officer.

The wick drain shall be band-shaped with an aspect ratio (width divided by thickness) not exceeding 50.

Prefabricated wick drains to promote continuous vertical drainage meeting these specifications acceptable for installation shall be products from the following or approved equal:</TXT>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>a. Alidrain</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>b. Ameridrain</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>c. Mebradrain</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>d. Soil Drain</LST><ADD> <LST INDENT=-0.33>e. Terratest, SA</LST> <LST INDENT=-0.33>f. Low & Bonar BV</LST>

</ADD>

</SPT =2.1><SPT =2.2><TTL>2.2 AGGREGATES</TTL>

<TXT>The material shall be free of ice; snow; frozen earth; trash; debris;

sod; roots; organic matter; contamination from hazardous, toxic or radiological substances. Each material shall be obtained entirely from one borrow source, unless the Contracting Officer determines that quality control is adequate and the alternate source produces material that is similar in gradation, texture, and interaction with the wick drains. All materials shall be of a character and quality satisfactory for the purpose intended.</TXT>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>a. Drainage blanket material shall meet the requirements of <DEL><RID>ASTM D448</RID></DEL><ADD><RID>ASTM C33/C33M</RID></ADD>, size No. <DEL>9</DEL><ADD>57or <RID>UNE-EN 12620</RID> Size 25-4 mm

</ADD>.</LST>

</SPT =2.2><DEL><SPT =2.3><TTL>2.3 DRAINAGE PIPE</TTL>

<TXT>The drainage pipe shall be corrugated polyethylene pipe meeting requirements of <RID>AASHTO M 252</RID>. All pipe shall be capable of withstanding anticipated loads due to construction equipment and fill materials per manufacturer recommendations. Submit <SUB>calculations</SUB> demonstrating lateral drainage pipe section(s) is adequate to meet these requirements. All fill materials shall be classified according to this Section as required to verify manufacturer recommendations.</TXT>

</SPT =2.3></DEL><SPT =2.3><TTL>2.3 WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION EQUIPMENT</TTL>

<TXT>Wick drains shall be installed using a mandrel, which shall be pushed through the <ADD>select fill working platform</ADD><DEL>drainage blanket </DEL> and into the soil with a continuous static movement, and vibrated or driven in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations.

Equipment used to push mandrel and wick drains for installation shall be in proper working condition and provide an adequate static force to set all wick drains to the depth indicated.

Mandrel shall protect the wick material from tears, cuts, and abrasions during installation; and shall be rectangular in shape; and of a cross sectional area not to exceed 10 square inches.

Provide anchor plate at bottom of mandrel to cover mandrel end and prevent soil from entering mandrel or wick drain during installation through all soils. Anchor plate shall be sufficient strength and rigidity to anchor wick drain at required depth during mandrel removal.</TXT>

</SPT =2.3><SPT =2.4><TTL>2.4 AUTOMATED ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT AND RECORDING EQUIPMENT

</TTL>

<TXT>Automated electronic measurement instrumentation may be supplied by the Contractor to monitor wick drain installation. The following measurements shall be recorded versus depth of the wick drain anchor point at 2-foot increments over the entire length of wick drain installation:

</TXT>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>a. Wick drain penetration rate (feet per minute).</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>b. Mandrel crowd force and/or line pressure.</LST>

<TXT>Calibration shall be made on all measuring and recording equipment at the beginning of the project to demonstrate that the values indicated by the automated equipment are within 3% of the values reported in the output. Calibrations shall be performed in accordance with the equipment manufacturer's specifications. All measuring and recording equipment shall be recalibrated when Contracting Officer suspects that the performance has changed.</TXT>

<TXT>Digital records shall be made of all acquired raw data and made available to the Contracting Officer in an Excel spreadsheet or other accepted format.</TXT>

<TXT>Mandrel crowd force or line pressure measurement shall be clearly displayed to guide the Contractor during wick drain installation.</TXT>

</SPT =2.4></PRT =2><PRT =3><TTL>PART 3 EXECUTION</TTL>

<SPT =3.1><TTL>3.1 SITE PREPARATION</TTL>

<TXT>Prior to installation of the vertical wick drains complete all site preparation as indicated.</TXT>

</SPT =3.1><SPT =3.2><TTL>3.2 <DEL>LATERAL DRAIN INSTALLATION</DEL><ADD><SUB>Wick Drain Installation Equipment</SUB></ADD></TTL>

<TXT><DEL>Excavate drainage ditches, install temporary drainage pipe(s) and backfill ditches to true grades and alignment with a continuous fall in the direction of flow as indicated. The interior of the pipe shall be kept clean from soil and debris; and open ends shall be temporarily capped as necessary.</DEL><ADD>Submit description of wick drain installation equipment, including, but not limited to, size, type, weight, maximum pushing force, vibratory energy (if applicable), predrilling equipment and configuration of the installation rig. Submit at least 30 days prior to commencement of work. </ADD></TXT>

</SPT =3.2><DEL><SPT =3.3><TTL>3.3 DRAINAGE BLANKET</TTL>

<TXT>Place drainage blanket material to lines and grades indicated.</TXT>

</SPT =3.3></DEL><SPT =3.3><TTL>3.2 VERTICAL WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION</TTL>

<TXT>Prior to the installation of wick drains or the mobilization of equipment to the Site, perform the following:</TXT>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>a. Prepare a drawing with each planned wick drain identified and located. Maintain minimum wick drain spacing indicated.

</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>b. Identify the location of all planned settlement gauges relative to wick drain positions and other planned construction activities.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>c. Settlement gauges shall be installed within the middle of the triangular spacing of a wick drain pattern in order to avoid all potential conflicts.</LST>

<TXT>Install wick drains in a triangular pattern, at such spacings and to such tip elevations as indicated. <DEL> Contractor may complete additional borings at their risk to determine the required depth of wick drains.</DEL>

</TXT><DEL>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>a. Contractor's Subsurface Investigation: Provide a plan at least 2 weeks prior to commencement of any Site construction activities or the mobilization of any planned drilling rig for approval by the Contract Officer that depicts the planned location for additional borings to be performed by the Contractor.</LST>

<LST>1. Additional borings or cone penetrometer (CPT) soundings may be used by Contractor in-lieu of automated electronic measurement to verify depth of wick drain as indicated has been reached. </LST>

<LST>2. A minimum of 10 borings and/or CPTs shall be implemented in Contractor's subsurface investigation. </LST>

<LST>3. Contractor shall submit wick drain installation plan based on findings of additional investigation at least 1 week prior to commencement of any wick drain installations.</LST>

<LST>4. Wick drain installation plan based on findings of Contractor's subsurface investigation shall include cross sections at no greater than100 foot spacing along treatment area, depicting depth of wick drains.</LST></DEL>

<TXT>Locate, number, and stake the wick drains as indicated on the Drawings. Take all reasonable precautions to protect and preserve the stakes and/or flagging. The <ADD>select fill working platform </ADD><DEL> drainage blanket</DEL> shall have sufficient compaction to provide a stable working surface. The locations of the installed wick drains shall not vary by more than 6 inches from the locations indicated.</TXT>

<TXT><DEL>Construction of the lateral drain system shall be completed prior to placement of drainage blanket material. </DEL></TXT><DEL>

</DEL>

<TXT>Install the wick drains <ADD>prior </ADD><DEL>subsequent</DEL> to the construction of the drainage blanket and <DEL>prior to</DEL> placement of embankment instrumentation and embankment fill. Wick drains shall be cut such that at least a <ADD>0.3 meter</ADD><DEL>6-inch </DEL>length protrudes above the top of the <ADD>select fill working platform</ADD><DEL>drainage blanket</DEL> at each wick drain location.</TXT>

<TXT>Demonstrate that equipment, methods, and materials produce a satisfactory installation. For this purpose, install several trial wick drains at locations within the work area, as designated by the Contracting Officer. Trial wick drains conforming to these specifications will be paid for at the same unit price as the production wick drains.</TXT>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>a. Trial wick drain installations will be observed by the Contracting Officer.</LST>

<LST INDENT=-0.33>b. Installation shall exhibit the ability to install a wick drain to the indicated tip elevation in accordance with this Section. </LST>

<TXT>Wick drains that deviate from the intended drawing location by more than 6 inches, or that are damaged or improperly installed will be rejected. Rejected wick drains may be removed or abandoned in place, at the Contractor's option. Offset replacement wick drains approximately 18 inches from the location of the rejected wick drain as directed by the Contracting Officer. All rejected wick drains will be replaced at the Contractor's expense.</TXT>

<TXT>Install wick drains with equipment which will cause a minimum of disturbance to the <ADD>select fill working platform</ADD><DEL>drainage blanket</DEL> or the subsoil during the installation. Install wick drains by pushing or vibrating the mandrel through the soils to the required depth. Jetting shall not be permitted for installation of the wick drain, except with the approval of the Contracting Officer, and then to lubricate the mandrel when working in highly plastic clays. </TXT>

<TXT>Install wick drains vertically with a tolerance of not more than 0.25 inches per foot. Carefully check the equipment for the plumbness and provide to the Contract Officer a suitable means of both verifying the plumbness of the mandrel and of determining the depth of the wick drain.

</TXT>

<TXT>Where obstructions are encountered within the compressible clay layer which cannot be penetrated by augering or spudding, abandon the hole. At the direction of the Contract Officer, install a new wick drain no more than 18 inches from the obstructed wick drain. A minimum of two attempts shall be made to install a new wick drain. If the wick drain still cannot be installed to the design tip elevation, the wick drain location shall be abandoned and the installation equipment should be moved to the next wick drain location. Such obstructed wick drains will be paid for at the unit price per foot for productive wick drains.</TXT>

<TXT>Augering may be used to loosen stiff upper soils prior to installation of wick drains <ADD> only if the wick drain installation equipment cannot push the drain down to the required depth. The maximum drill hole diameter should be no larger than required to allow pushing to the required depth and should not exceed the maximum diameter of the mandrel.</ADD><DEL> provided such operations do not extend more than 2 feet below the drainage blanket subgrade elevation. </DEL> All holes or voids created from such augering operations shall be filled with <ADD>select fill </ADD><DEL> drainage blanket</DEL> material after the wick drain is satisfactorily installed.</TXT>

<TXT>During installation, provide suitable surface reference elevation and a means of measuring the vertical length of each wick drain installed at a given wick location in order to derive the tip elevation for each wick drain.</TXT>

<TXT>Splices or connections in the wick drain material will not be allowed.

</TXT>

<TXT>Provide to Contract Officer at the end of each working day a summary of the total amount of vertical wick drains installed that day.</TXT>

<TXT>Install wick drains with continuous push using static weight or vibration with a mandrel penetration rate appropriate for the soils encountered; but generally range between 0.5 to 2.0 feet per second.</TXT>

</SPT =3.3><SPT =3.4><TTL>3.4 PROTECTION</TTL>

<TXT>Work shall be protected against damage from subsequent operations.

</TXT>

</SPT =3.4></PRT =3> <END/>

</SEC>