Part 6 Appendix 15.pdf

SOF NSWG2 TRAINING FACILITY – ADDITION TO BLDG 3854 Work Order Number 1651840 JEBLCFS, Virginia Beach, Virginia

SMALL PROJECT TEMPLATE - PART 6 ATTACHMENTS – APPENDIX 15 - Page 1

Part 6 Attachments

APPENDIX 15 MASTER PLANT LIST

JOINT EXPEDITIONARY BASE LITTLE CREEK – FORT STORY | INSTALLATION APPEARANCE PLAN

7-2 | LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES

ORNAMENTAL TREES

Amelanchier arborea Downy Serviceberry

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Use as an understory tree, hedge, or border. Multi-stem does not lend itself to street use.

Color: Leaves are medium green, turning to a red-orange in fall.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, with a multi-stemmed rounded form. Typically 15 to 25 feet in height and the same in width. Bark provides red-gray winter color. Flowers are bright white.

Spacing: 15 to 20 feet on center

Culture: Native to hillsides of Eastern North America, typically drier locations, and is hardy from USDA zone 4 to 9. Full sun to partial shade acceptable.

Somewhat tolerant of salt spray.

Carpinus carolinana American Hornbeam

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Groupings or edges. Works well as understory and specimen. Not as successful as street tree.

Color: Leaves are dark green turning a variety of colors in fall, including orange, yellow, red-purple. Bark is distinctive bluish-gray and muscular.

Habit: Slow growing rate, having a flat crown and rounded form at maturity.

Typically 20 to 30 feet in height and 15 to 25 feet in width.

Spacing: 20 feet on center

Culture: Native Midwest, Eastern and Southern North America, as well as Northern Central America. It will tolerate periodic flooding as it is typically found along streams and is hardy from USDA zone 3 to 9. Accepts full sun to partial shade. It is not tolerant of salt spray.

Cercis canadensis Eastern Redbud

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Large lawn or specimen tree; works well in urban setting and as street tree.

Also useful in groupings or borders and as understory tree.

Color: Leaves are distinctive as a rich purple in spring blossom, turning to a deep green during summer. Fall color proves yellow-green.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, form become spreading with a flat crown at maturity. Typically 20 to 30 feet in height and 25 to 35 feet in width.

Spacing: 15 to 20 feet on center

Culture: Native to Eastern North America understory and is hardy from USDA zone 4 to 9. Accepts full sun to light shade. The species is not tolerant of extremely dry or wet conditions. It is not tolerant of salt spray.

Chionanthus virginicus Fringe Tree

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Specimen tree for lawn or walk. Does well as a border or group planting. Also excels in urban situations.

Color: Leaves are a medium green and yellow-brown during fall color.

Habit: Slow growing rate, form is typically spreading though there is extensive variation. Typically 25 to 30 feet in height and the same in width.

Spacing: 15 to 20 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North America, typically along wet borders or as understory. Somewhat drought tolerant and takes full sun to partial shade. The tree is hardy from USDA zone 4 to 9. It is not tolerant of salt spray.

Cornus alterniflora Pagoda Dogwood

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Groupings or borders, especially edging hardline structures. Successful in naturalized edges but not as an urban tree.

Color: Leaves are medium green with a drab red-purple in fall.

Habit: Slow growing rate, forming a spreading horizontal structure at maturity. Typically 15 to 25 feet in height and 20 to 30 feet in width.

Spacing: 15 to 20 feet on center

Culture: Native to Eastern and Midwest North America, this understory tree prefers the cold and is hardy from USDA zone 3 to 7. Requires partial shade. The species is not tolerant of salt spray.

LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES | 7-3

Cornus florida Flowering Dogwood

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Specimen tree in lawns, corners, or plaza. Not overly successful in urban conditions.

Color: Leaves are dark green changing to a red-purple in the fall.

Habit: Slow growing rate, spreading with horizontal layering and a flat crown.

Typically 20 to 30 feet in height and 20 to 35 feet in width.

Spacing: 15 to 20 feet on center

Culture: Native to Eastern and Midwest North America as well as Northern Central America. This understory tree is hardy from USDA zone 5 to 9. May be planted in full sun but excels in partial shade. The species is not tolerant of salt spray or drought.

Lagerstroemia indica Crapemyrtle

Exotic | Deciduous

Uses: Specimen tree in lawns or plaza;

especially in groups. Successful in urban conditions. Can be used as border or screen.

Color: Leaves are deep green providing a variety of yellow, red, and orange in fall.

Bark is distinctive, exfoliating gray to brown.

Habit: Rapid growth rate, having a flat crowned, spreading, multi-stemmed form.

Typically 15 to 25 feet in height and the same in width.

Spacing: 8 to 10 feet on center

Culture: Imported from the Sea of Japan and is hardy from USDA zone 6 to 9. This tree thrives in hot climates; is drought and pollution tolerant. Requires full sun. The species is moderately tolerant of salt spray.

Ilex vomitoria Yaupon Holly

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Hedge or screen tree. Can also be used as a specimen, topiary, or espaliers.

Good street tree or urban buffer.

Color: Leaves are dark green with a white to gray bark.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, having a vase shaped to irregular spreading form.

Typically 15 to 20 feet in height and 10 to 15 feet in width.

Spacing: 10 to 20 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North America and hardy from USDA zone 7 to

10. Species is tolerant of wet to dry conditions occurring on swamps and ridges. Tolerates full sun to part shade. The species is also tolerant of salt spray and saline soils.

Cultivar: ‘Pendula’

Ilex xattenuata ‘Fosteri’ Foster’s Holly

Hybrid | Evergreen

Uses: Hedge or Specimen tree. Good street tree or urban buffer.

Color: Leaves are deep olive green, accented by white flowers and red berries.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, having a dense pyramid to conical form. Typically 20 to 30 feet in height and 10 to 15 feet in width.

Spacing: 15 to 20 feet on center

Culture: A hybrid of Ilex cassine and Ilex opaca, the species’ genealogy is native to East-Midwestern North America and hardy from USDA zone 6 to 9. Prefers full sun to part shade. The species is moderately tolerant of salt spray and very tolerant of drought.

Koelreuteria paniculata Golden Raintree

Exotic | Deciduous

Uses: Specimen tree for lawn or walk, specimen planting for summer flower.

Does well as a single or group planting.

Also tolerant of pollution in urban situations.

Color: Leaves are a purplish color maturing to bright green in summer and yellow to gold in fall. Bright yellow flowers in early to midsummer. Fruit capsules are red when young, maturing to buff and brown.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, form is typically spreading though there is extensive variation. Prune to shape.

Typically 30 to 40 feet in height and the same in width.

Spacing: 20 to 30 feet on center

Culture: Native to eastern Asia, China and Korea. Hardy from USDA zone 5.

Tolerant of heat, cold, drought and wind conditions. Needs full sun. The species is not tolerant of salt spray and saline soils.

7-4 | LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES

Magnolia virginiana Sweet Bay Magnolia

Native | Semi-Evergreen

Uses: Patio or plaza tree, working as either a specimen or grouping. The species is not a good use for urban or street conditions.

Color: Leaves are dark glossy green above and a silvery white underneath. Can produce yellow-brown fall color. Also produces crème flowers and red berries.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, creating a spreading multi-trunk or sometimes columnar single trunk form. Typically 10 to 60 feet in height and nearly the same in width.

Spacing: 10 to 20 feet on center

Culture: Native to the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast North American coastal plain;

the species is hardy from USDA zone 5 to

9. Tolerates full sun to some shade. Is not tolerant of salt spray. However, very tolerant of standing water.

Myrica cerifera Wax-Myrtle

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Works well as screen or hedge wall.

Planting in groups is most successful, although may be used as a specimen.

Successful in urban conditions but, not as street tree.

Color: Leaves are glossy fair olive green with yellow spotting. Also produces gray clustered berries.

Habit: Rapid growth rate; has a spreading multi-trunked form that is easily trained.

Typically 10 to 15 feet in height and the same in width.

Spacing: 10 feet on center

Culture: Native to the Southeast North American coastal plain; the species is hardy from USDA zone 3 to 6. Tolerates full sun to some shade. Is very tolerant of salt spray and saline soils. Also tolerant of poor soils.

Prunus x yedoensis Yoshino Flowering Cherry

Exotic | Deciduous

Uses: Specimen tree for lawn or walk, specimen planting for flower. Does well as a single or group planting. Also tolerant of pollution in urban situations.

Color: Leaves are a dark green color turning yellow in fall. Flowers are white to pink in late Spring and are very showy.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, form is typically open, graceful upright spreading to vase-shaped form. Typically 40 feet in height and 30 feet in width.

Spacing: 40 to 50 feet on center

Culture: Native to Japan. This cherry is planted around the Tidal Basin in Washington D.C. Hardy from USDA zone 5.

Tolerant of heat, cold, and humidity. Needs full sun. Not tolerant of salt spray and saline soils. Select a cultivar to eliminate pest problems.

LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES | 7-5

CANOPY TREES

Acer rubrum Red Maple

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Large lawn or canopy tree; not good for urban areas; allow plenty of space for canopy and root system.

Color: Leaves shiny green above, pale beneath; brilliant scarlet fall color in areas of frost.

Habit: Fast growing tree, pyramidal in form during adolescence and ovoid at maturity. Typically 70 feet tall and 40 to 60 feet wide at maturity.

Spacing: 50 to 100 feet on center

Culture: Native to low, wet areas in eastern North America in USDA zones 3 to

9. Tolerates most soils. Prefers full sun or partial shade. Moderately tolerant to salt spray.

Cultivars: ‘Columnare’, ‘Red sunset’, ‘Jamestown’

Acer saccharum Sugar Maple

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Large lawn or canopy tree; not good for urban areas; intolerant of pollution and compact spaces.

Color: Leaves green above, pale beneath;

yellow and orange fall color.

Habit: Fast growing, surpassing Acer rubrum in growth rate. Upright ovoid to rounded form 70 feet tall and 50 feet wide at maturity.

Spacing: 30 to 40 feet on center

Culture: Native to low, wet areas in Eastern/Northeastern North America in USDA zones 4 to 8 Durable foliage is more tolerant of heat and drought than most.

Prefers full sun but will tolerate extensive shade. Not tolerant to salt spray.

Cultivars: ‘Caddo’, ‘Green Mountain’

Betula nigra River Birch

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Large canopy or specimen tree.

Color: Leaves are bright glossy green above, silvery below; Young bark is tan and apricot that flakes from the trunk with age.

Habit: Rapid growing upright multi-trunked tree, typically 40 to 50 feet tall and 40 to 60 feet wide. Can be trained as a single trunk. [‘Heritage’ Cultivar]. Spacing: 30 to 40 feet on center.

Culture: Native to low wet ground in Eastern North America but, adapts to higher, drier areas. USDA zones 4-9.

Tolerant of poor drainage. Prefers full sun or partial shade. Flowers (catkins) can be a bit messy. Not tolerant to salt spray.

Cultivar: ‘Heritage’

Gleditsia tricanthos var. inermis Thornless Honeylocust

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Lawn or filtered shade tree;

moderately successful in urban situations

Color: Leaves are fair green above and pale underneath. Fall color comes early as a light yellow. Bark is fair gray.

Habit: Short trunk and open canopy allowing filtered light. Delicate, typically pyramidal structure, providing winter interest. Reaches 30 to 90 feet in height and 30 to 50 feet in width.

Spacing: 25 to 35 feet on center

Culture: Native from Midwest to East Coast North America and is hardy USDA zones 4 to 9. The species is salt spray and soil tolerant. Handles drought and heat well, requires full sun.

Cultivar: ‘Skyline’

Quercus phellos Willow Oak

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Large lawn or park tree. Works well in urban and street conditions.

Color: Leaves show dark green above and beneath. Fall color tends bronze to orange.

Habit: Moderate rate of growth forming a dense large ovoid canopy at maturity.

Typically achieves 40 to 60 feet in height and 30 to 40 feet in width.

Spacing: 30 to 40 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North American bottomlands and is hardy USDA zones 6 to 9. Transplants readily and is extremely tolerant of a range of conditions. Requires full sun and is tolerant of salt spray.

7-6 | LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES

Quercus rubra Red Oak

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Large lawn or park canopy tree.

Does well in street conditions.

Color: Distinctively pink-red in spring turning to a deep green. Fall color present varying reds to brown.

Habit: Fast growing, with a symmetric circular form at maturity. Typically achieves 60 to 75 feet in height and 60 to 75 feet in width.

Spacing: 30 to 40 feet on center

Culture: Native to Midwest-Eastern North America and is hardy USDA zones 4 to 9.

Requires full sun and is highly tolerant of salt spray and saline soil.

Quercus shumardii Shumard Oak

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Large lawn or park canopy tree. Can be used in street plantings.

Color: Leaf color is deeply green with only a slightly paler underside. Fall color tends orange-red.

Habit: Fast growing, with a pyramidal spreading shape at maturity. Typically 40 to 60 feet in height and 40 to 60 feet in width.

Spacing: 35 to 40 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North American coastal plain and is hardy USDA zones 4 to 9. Requires full sun and is highly drought tolerant though native to wetlands. Is fairly tolerant of saline soil.

Platanus occidentalis Sycamore

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Large park or canopy tree. Does very well in urban conditions. However, it should not be used adjacent to manicured lawns or walks as tends to drop large leaves and some seeds.

Color: Leaf color is a medium green. Fall color tends towards orange-brown. Bark is distinctive, being a mottled cream to gray and providing winter interest.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, with broad trunk and open irregular canopy. Typically 75 to 100 feet in height and the same in width.

Spacing: 40 feet on center

Culture: Native to Midwest and Eastern North American lowlands and stream banks; the tree is hardy through USDA zones 4 to 9. Is especially tolerant of pollutants and high pH soils. Full sun to partial shade. Somewhat salt tolerant.

Taxodium distichum Bald Cypress

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Very successful as a specimen or street tree. Does well in urban conditions and is especially suited for wet conditions.

Color: Leaf color is bright green turning to a deep reddish brown in fall. Bark is a distinctive reddish brown and fibrous, providing winter interest.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, being columnar in adolescence and pyramidal in maturity. Typically 50 to 70 feet in height and 20 to 30 feet in width.

Spacing: 20 to 30 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North American swamps and wetlands; the tree is hardy through USDA zones 4 to 11. It is tolerant of a range of soil and moisture conditions. It requires full sun. Somewhat salt spray and saline soil tolerant.

Tillia cordata Littleleaf Linden

Exotic | Deciduous

Uses: Large lawn or canopy tree.

Extremely successful as street, urban, or hedge tree.

Color: Leaf color is dark glossy green turning to vibrant yellow in fall.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, with a pyramidal form in adolescence and ovoid in maturity. Typically 60 to 70 feet in height and 30 to 50 feet in width.

Spacing: 20 to 30 feet on center

Culture: Imported from Europe and hardy from USDA zone 3 to 7. It is tolerant of a range of soil pH and is extremely tolerant of pollution. Requires full sun. Is not salt tolerant.

Cultivar: ‘Chancellor’, ’Greenspire’

LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES | 7-7

Zelkova serrata Zelkova

Exotic | Deciduous

Uses: Large lawn or parks as canopy tree.

Works well in urban and residential street settings.

Color: Leaf color is deep green turning to yellow-orange in fall. Bark is gray brown exfoliating yellow-crème.

Habit: Moderate growth rate maintaining a vase shaped form. Typically 50 to 80 feet in height and 40 to 60 feet in width.

Spacing: 35 to 40 feet on center

Culture: Imported from the orient along stream banks and hardy from USDA zone 4 to 8. It is tolerant of a range of soil pH and is pollution tolerant. Requires full sun.

Somewhat salt spray tolerant and drought tolerant.

Cultivar: ‘Green Vase’

Cedrus atlantica Blue Atlas Cedar

Exotic | Evergreen

Uses: Use in large lawn, park, or institution as a specimen tree. Not successful in urban and street settings. Protect from high winds.

Color: Needles are a bluish green so.

Habit: Slow growing to a flat topped spreading form in maturity. Grows from 40 to 60 feet in height and 3 0 to 40 feet in width.

Spacing: 30 feet on center

Culture: Imported from the mountains of Northwest Africa and hardy from USDA zone 6 to 9. Tolerant of sandy/clay soils and high temperatures. Not tolerant of pollution or salt spray. Full sun or part shade.

Cultivar: ‘Glauca’

Cedrus deodara Deodara Cedar

Exotic | Evergreen

Uses: Large lawn, park, or institution as a specimen tree. Does not do well in urban and residential street settings. Protect from high winds.

Color: Needles are a greenish blue and sometimes silver.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, maturing to a flat topped spreading form. Grows from 40 to 70 feet in height and 30 to 40 feet in width.

Spacing: 30 feet on center

Culture: Imported from the mountains of Afghanistan in high dry conditions and hardy from USDA zone 7 to 9. Tolerant of more sandy soils. Not very pollution tolerant and needs full sun. Not tolerant of salt spray.

Ilex opaca American Holly

Naitve | Evergreen

Uses: Grouping/hedges in lawn, park, or institution grounds. Also used as a specimen tree or understory. Does not do well in street settings. Protect from high winds.

Color: Leaves are yellow to olive green.

Vibrant red berries provide winter interest.

Habit: Slow growth rate, maintaining a conical form, opening in maturity. Grows from 40 to 50 feet in height and 18 to 40 feet in width.

Spacing: 30 to 50 feet on center

Culture: Native in Midwest-Eastern North America, especially in shady southeastern woods. Hardy through USDA zones 5 to 9.

Not tolerant of dry or non-draining soils.

Full sun or partial shade. Tolerant of salt spray.

Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Grouping/hedges in lawn, meadow, park, or institution grounds.

Does not do well in street settings.

Color: Leaves are yellow to olive green.

Vibrant red berries provide winter interest.

Habit: Moderate growth rate maintaining a pyramidal or columnar form. Grows from 40 to 50 feet in height and 8 to 20 feet in width.

Spacing: 15 to 20 feet on center

Culture: Native to Mid-Atlantic North America and hardy through USDA zones 3 to 9. Tolerates adverse conditions.

Requires Full sun. Tolerant of salt spray.

7-8 | LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES

Pinus taeda Loblolly Pine

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Does well as a fast growing screen or border. May also be used in groupings/hedges in lawn, meadow, park Does well in urban or street conditions.

Color: Leaves are dark green with reddish-brown bark.

Habit: Rapid growth rate forming a horizontal branching ovoid shape at maturity. Grows from 60 to 90 feet in height and 40 to 60 feet in width.

Spacing: 30 to 50 feet on center

Culture: Native to Mid-Atlantic North America and hardy through USDA zones 3 to 9. Very hardy requiring full sun.

Tolerant of salt spray and saline soil.

Pinus echinata Shortleaf Pine

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Successful in hedges as a screen or along borders. Can handle urban conditions and does well in pairs or small groupings.

Color: Needles are a dark blue-green with black bark, turning more reddish- brown with age.

Habit: Rapid growth rate, creating a pyramidal form which opens some with age. Grows from 50 to 60 feet in height and 20 to 35 feet in width.

Spacing: 30 to 40 feet on center

Culture: Native to Mid-Atlantic and Central Mid-Western North America and hardy through USDA zones 6 to 9. Very tolerant of drought, dry soils, and deer. Not overly tolerant of salt spray. Requires full sun.

Pinus serotina Pond Pine

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Especially successful along pond edges or in stormwater structures. Not overly successful in urban conditions. May be used in small groupings, as screen/hedge, or naturalized planting.

Color: Leaves are dark yellow-green with reddish- brown bark.

Habit: Slow growth rate, forming an irregular spreading form supported by a single not quite straight trunk. Grows from 30 to 50 feet in height and 30 to 40 feet in width.

Spacing: 30 to 50 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North America and hardy through USDA zones 7 to 9. Does especially well in wet conditions.

Requires full sun. Not overly tolerant of salt spray. Tolerates a range of soil conditions as well as drought.

Quercus hemisphaerica Laurel Oak

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Specimens in lawn or on slopes.

Especially good in sandy embankments.

Moderate success as street tree.

Color: Leaves are deep glossy green.

Habit: Rapid growth rate, forming a pyramidal rounded shape at maturity.

Typically 40 to 60 feet in height and 30 to 40 feet in width.

Spacing: 40 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North America and hardy through USDA zones 6 to 9. Full sun required. Moderately tolerant of salt spray.

Quercus virginiana Live Oak

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Specimens in large lawn, campus, park. Does well on sandy embankments or hills. Very successful as street tree.

Color: Leaves are deep glossy green.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, creating a large arching rounded form. Typically 40 to 80 feet in height and 60 to 100 feet in width.

Spacing: 50 to 100 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeast North America and hardy through USDA zones 7 to 10. Full sun required. Very tolerant of salt spray, saline soils, and compaction. Will grow in most conditions, especially sand and wet costal conditions.

LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES | 7-9

SHRUBS

Hamamelis virginiana Common Witchhazel

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Borders or structure accent groupings. Successful in large or urban spaces.

Color: Leaves are moderate green turning to bright yellow in fall. Flowers are bright yellow and bloom in fall.

Habit: Moderate growth rate, multi-trunked spreading form creates open rounded crown. Typically 20 to 30 feet tall and 15 to 20 feet wide.

Spacing: 10 feet on center

Culture: Native to moist stream areas in Midwest-Eastern North America in USDA zones 3 to 9. Prefers full sun or partial shade and some moisture. Tolerant of salt spray but not drought.

Ilex verticillata Winterberry

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Wet areas especially and in groupings. Wetlands, rain gardens, and pond edges.

Color: Leaves deep green and drab yellow-purple in fall. Berries are distinctive in bright glossy red clusters.

Habit: Slow growth rate making an oval to round form supported by a multi-stem structure. Typically 6 to 10 feet tall and the same in width.

Spacing: 2 to 3 feet on center.

Culture: Native to wet areas throughout Midwestern-Eastern and Northern North America. Species is hardy in USDA zones 3 to 9 but is not tolerant of drought or salt spray. Can handle anaerobic conditions.

Prefers full sun to part shade.

Viburnum prunifolium Black Haw Viburnum

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Successful as shrub border and in massings. Also as small specimen tree in plaza or walk Works well in urban locations.

Color: Leaves are dark green, changing to a purple-red in fall accented by dark black blocky bark. Deep black berries are distinctive.

Habit: Slow growing rate and round multi-stemmed form, typically reaching 12 to 15 feet tall and 8 to 12 feet wide. Can be trained as a tree.

Spacing: 8 to 10 feet on center

Culture: Native to stream banks in Northeastern and Central North America.

The species is hardy USDA zones 3-9. Very tough and tolerant e of drought, pollution, moist, or dry soils. However, is not overly tolerant of salt spray. Takes full sun or part shade.

Ilex cornuta Chinese Holly

Exotic | Evergreen

Uses: Planted in groupings or as border//hedges. On occasion can be a specimen tree. May be used in urban or street conditions.

Color: Leaves are dark green above and yellow green below. Also supports drab white flowers which produce vibrant red berries.

Habit: Slow growing dense rounded form;

capable of training to small tree. Reaches 8 to 10 feet in height and the same or more in width.

Spacing: 3 to 4 feet on center

Culture: Imported from Eastern China and hardy in USDA zones 7 to 9. Accepts various soil conditions and full sun or part shade. Moderately tolerant of salt spray and very drought tolerant.

Cultivar: ‘Burfordii’

Ilex crenata Japanese Holly

Exotic | Evergreen

Uses: Most successful as masses and hedges. Use for texture variation. Also successful in urban conditions.

Color: Leaves are dark green with black berries for interest.

Habit: Slow growing species; maintains dense round form. However ‘Sky Pencil’ cultivar grows columnar to upright.

Typically 5 to 10 feet in height and the same in width at maturity.

Spacing: 3 to 4 feet on center

Culture: Imported from East Asia the species it tolerant of USDA zones 5 to 7.

Requires full sun to partial shade.

Tolerant of pollution but not drought.

Moderately tolerant of salt spray.

Cultivar: ‘Sky Pencil’

7-10 | LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES

Juniperus chinensis Hollywood Juniper

Exotic | Evergreen

Uses: Performs well as an informal border or screen. May be used as a specimen.

Also used in urban conditions.

Color: Leaf color is green-gray to blue-green.

Habit: Moderate growth rate and typically matures to a twisting upright form. Achieves 15 to 20 feet in height and 10 feet in width.

Spacing: 5 to 10 feet on center

Culture: Imported from the orient, the species is hardy in USDA zones 4 to 9.

Once established tolerates drought, pollution, deer, and salt spray. Requires full sun.

Cultivar: ‘Torulosa’

Lindera benzoin Spicebush

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Informal masses and groupings or in borders. Not a good choice for urban or roadside conditions.

Color: Leaves are fair green turning the bright yellow in fall. Scarlet red fruit provides additional Fall color.

Habit: Slow growing producing a loosely round form at maturity. Dense form in full sun but more open in shade. Reaches 6 to 12 feet in height and 5 to 10 feet in width.

Spacing: 5 to 10 feet on center

Culture: Native from Midwest to East Coast North America and is hardy USDA zones 4 to 9. The species is not salt spray tolerant and only moderately pollution tolerant. It will tolerate wet to dry

Osmanthus x ‘Burkwoodii’ Burkwood Osmanthus

Exotic | Evergreen

Uses: Does well as hedge but may also works as specimen. Plant in groups or masses. Moderately successful in urban conditions.

Color: Leaves are deep glossy green with distinctive white flowers appearing in spring.

Habit: Moderate to slow rate of growth creating a dense round form canopy at maturity. Typically achieves 6to 10 feet in height and the same in width.

Spacing: 6 to 8 feet on center

Culture: This hybrid’s source species are native to the Black Sea and East Asia.

However, it was produced in the British Isles and is hardy USDA zones 6 to 9. Does well in all but wet soils. Requires full sun to part shade. Is not tolerant of salt spray.

Prunus caroliniana Carolina Cherry-Laurel

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Use in hedges or borders as masses or groupings. Does moderately well in urban conditions. May be trained as specimen tree.

Color: Leaves glossy dark green with bronzy new growth. White flowers in early spring are not overly distinctive.

Habit: Fast growing with a pyramidal to ovoid-irregular form. Typically achieves 20 to 30 feet in height and 15 to 25 feet in width.

Spacing: 20 to 25 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North America and is hardy USDA zones 7 to 10.

Easily transplanted within a range of soils.

Requires full sun to partial shade. Is somewhat tolerant of salt spray.

[Tree Trained Habit]

Rhaphiolepis umbellata Yeddo Hawthorn

Exotic | Evergreen

Uses: Informal masses or hedges but also as specimen tree. Works well in urban or street conditions.

Color: Leaves are blue-green. Most distinctive feature is white flowers [Pink on ‘Majestic Beauty’].

Habit: Slow growing with dense mounding upright form. Typically 4 to 6 feet in height and the same in width.

[‘Majestic Beauty’ 8 to 10 feet high and 6 to 8 feet in width.]

Spacing: 5 to 10 feet on center

Culture: Imported from Japanese coasts, this species is hardy USDA zones 7 to 10.

Requires full sun to part shade. The species is very tough being tolerant of saline soils, salt spray, and soil compaction.

Cultivars: ‘Majestic Beauty’, ’Snow White’, ’Minor’

LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES | 7-11

Thuja occidentalis Eastern Arborvitae

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Specimen or accent tree used in a border or hedge. Not successful in urban conditions.

Color: Leaf color is a bright green becoming more yellow during the winter.

Habit: Slow growth rate, single trunked creating a stacked pyramidal form.

Typically 20 to 30 feet in height and 10 to15 feet in width.

Spacing: 5 to 10 feet on center

Culture: Native to humid Eastern North America. The species is hardy USDA zones 3 to 7. Handles saturated soils and once established, drought. Requires full sun. Is not tolerant of salt spray.

Cultivar: ‘Emerald’

Clethra alnifolia Summersweet Clethra

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Informal groupings or masses. Also in borders and wet conditions. Not as successful in urban conditions.

Color: Leaf color is medium to deep green in summer, turning to yellow to gold-brown in fall. Also, distinctive white flowers throughout summer.

Habit: Slow growth rate forming a dense ovoid upright shape. Typically 4 to 6 feet in height and 4 to 6 feet in width.

Spacing: 4 to 8 feet on center

Culture: Native to Eastern North American swamps and wetlands. The species is hardy through USDA zones 4 to 9. Needs some moisture and is tolerant of both saline soils and salt spray.

Hydrangea arborescens Smooth Hydrangea

Native | Deciduous

Uses: In informal masses or border groupings. Not very successful in urban conditions.

Color: Leaf color is dark green turning yellowish in fall. Distinctive feature are large white flowers blooming in summer.

Habit: Rapid growth rate forming a low rounded mass. Typically 3 to 5 feet in height and 3 to 6 feet in width.

Spacing: 4 to 6 feet on center

Culture: Native to Eastern North American moist soils and USDA hardy zones 4 to 9.

Species is not drought tolerant and prefers some shade though it will take full sun. It is not salt tolerant.

Hydrangea quercifolia Oak Leaf Hydrangea

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Use as informal masses or grouping in shady locations. May be used in borders.

Not overly successful in urban conditions.

Color: Leaf color is deep green turning to red-orange sometimes brown in fall.

Flowers are distinctive being large and white maturing to purple-pink.

Habit: Slow growth rate forms irregular mounds. Typically 4 to 6 feet in height and the same in width.

Spacing: 4 to 8 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North American woodlands and hardy from USDA zone 5 to 9. Prefers moist shaded conditions but, can handle full sun. Beware of suckering. Tolerant of salt spray.

Rhododendron atlanticum Coastal Azalea

Native | Deciduous

Uses: Informal masses or groupings. In borders or naturalized edges. Not overly successful in urban conditions.

Color: Leaves are a bluish-green color turning to gold-burgundy in fall.

Distinctive flowers form white to pink clusters.

Habit: Slow growing shrub creating a low spreading form. Grows 3 to 6 feet in height and the same or more in width.

Spacing: 4 to 5 feet on center

Culture: Native to Mid-Atlantic North American coastal plain and hardy from USDA zone 5 to 8. Tolerant of saline soil, salt spray, and sandy soils. Can handle dry conditions once established. If available use ‘Winterthur’ to avoid stolon colonization.

Cultivar: ‘Winterthur’

7-12 | LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES

Ilex glabra Inkberry Holly

Naitve | Evergreen

Uses: Formal groupings, masses, or hedges.

Works well as a specimen or accent. Does fair in urban settings and naturalized groupings.

Color: Leaves are glossy dark green changing to bronze-purple in winter.

Accented by crème flowers and black berries.

Habit: Slow growth rate, though suckers quickly. Forms upright somewhat open rounded shrub. Grows from 6 to 8 feet in height and 8 to 10 feet in width.

Spacing: 5 to 10 feet on center

Culture: Native to Eastern North American bogs and moist woodlands. Tolerant of salt spray and moderately saline soil. Full sun or partial shade.

Cultivar: ‘Compacta’

Rosa x ‘Radrazz’ Knockout Rose

Hybrid | Deciduous

Uses: Formal or informal masses and groupings. Can also be used as a hedge or in borders. Sometimes used as specimen.

Excellent in urban conditions.

Habit: Rapid growth rate, forming a compact spreading shrub. Grows from 3 to 4 feet in height and the same in width.

Spacing: 3 to 5 feet on center

Culture: A hybrid of numerous rose species the shrub is hardy USDA zones 4 to 9. Very tough species being disease resistant, tolerant of pollution and traffic. Requires full sun and is not salt spray tolerant.

Ilex opaca Dwarf American Holly

Naitve | Evergreen

Uses: Understory shrub or groundcover in lawn, park, or institution grounds. Does not do well in street settings.

Color: Leaves are yellow to olive green.

[‘Maryland Dwarf’ Cultivar]. Vibrant red berries provide winter interest.

Habit: Slow to moderate growth rate, having a mounding compact form. Typically 2 to 4 feet in height and 3 to 4 feet in width.

Spacing: 5 to 8 feet on center

Culture: Native in Midwest-Eastern North America, especially in shady southeastern woods. Hardy through USDA zones 5 to 9.

Not tolerant of dry or non-draining soils. Full sun or partial shade. Tolerant of salt spray.

Cultivar: ‘Maryland Dwarf’

Ilex vomitoria Dwarf Yaupon Holly

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Grouping or small hedge in lawn, park, or institution grounds. Excellent in urban conditions.

Color: Leaves are dark green with a white to gray bark. [‘Nana’ Cultivar].

Habit: Slow to moderate growth rate, having a mounding compact form. Typically 2 to 4 feet in height and 3 to 4 feet in width.

Spacing: 3 to 4 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North America and hardy from USDA zone 7 to 10.

Species is tolerant of wet to dry conditions occurring on swamps and ridges. Tolerates full sun to part shade. The species is tolerant of salt spray and saline soils.

Cultivar: ‘Nana’

Yuca filamentosa Adam’s Needle

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Use in masses or groupings. Does well in urban or street settings.

Color: Leaves are blue-green with white curling strings. Flowers are distinctive white.

Habit: Slow growth in lateral spread and rapid in annual vertical growth forming a rosette. Typically 2.5 feet in height and the same in width at maturity.

Spacing: 3 to 4 feet on center

Culture: Native to Southeastern North America and hardy from USDA zone 5 to 9.

Does well in sandy or rocky hillsides. Full sun but will tolerate light shade. Tolerant of salt spray, saline soils, and drought.

Cultivar: ‘Golden Sword’

LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES | 7-13

PERENNIALS

Hemerocallis spp.

Daylily

Exotic | Perennial | Semievergreen | Evergreen

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings;

can be mixed with herbaceous borders; use as a low edging.

Color: Leaves are sword-shaped, medium green.

Sweetly scented flowers can be yellow, orange, red to pink, vermilion, buff, apricot, lilac purple, cream to near-white, often with contrasting stripes or multi-colored effects blooming in mid-spring. Individual flowers only live for one day.

Habit: Standard-sized hybrids are fast growing 2 to 3 feet tall and 2 feet wide; dwarf types grow 1 to 2 feet tall and 1 to 2 feet wide.

Spacing: 3 feet on center

Culture: Grows in USDA zones 3 to 10. Successful in most soils, including dry or heavy clay, but prefers a rich moist soil. Prefers full sun but can grow in partial shade. Not frost tender. Not tolerant to salt spray. Seems to be resistant to rabbits. Susceptible to slugs and snails, especially new growth. Cut dead flowers after they die.

Hosta spp.

Plantain Lily

Exotic | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings;

can be mixed with herbaceous borders; use as a low edging; prized for multi-colored foliage.

Color: Leaves may be heart-shaped, lance-shaped, oval, or nearly round; leaves may be smooth, deeply veined, or quilted; leaf color varies from light to dark green to chartreuse, gray, blue, or combinations of colors including variegations with white, cream, or yellow. Flowers are on thin spikes, blue or white, and trumpet-shaped.

Habit: Fast growing mounding ground cover may be 1 to 2 feet tall and 1 to 2 feet wide. Some varieties can grow to 3 feet tall and as wide.

Spacing: 3 feet on center

Culture: Grows in USDA zones 3 to 9. Successful in good, organically rich soil; prefers regular watering. Prefers full shade but can grow in partial shade. Hostas are dormant in winter but return in spring. Not tolerant to salt spray. Susceptible to slugs, snails, and deer.

Iris cristata Crested Iris

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings for showy flowers and dense ground cover.

Color: Leaves are narrow, sword-shaped, yellow-green to medium green; Flowers are pale blue, lilac or lavender with gold crests blooming in spring.

Habit: Fast growing to 6 inches tall and as wide.

Spacing: 3 to 6 inches on center.

Culture: Grows well in good, organically enriched, well-drained soil. Prefers regular watering. Prefers partial shade but can grow in full sun and tolerate partial shade. Grows in USDA zones 3 to 9. Not tolerant of salt spray. Very susceptible to slugs and snails. Cut dead flowers after they die.

Iris virginica Southern Blue Flag Iris

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings for showy flowers and dense ground cover.

Color: Leaves are sword-shaped, medium green;

flowers are non-fragrant violet-blue crested with yellow and white blooming in early summer.

Habit: Fast growing to 3 feet tall and 1 to 3 feet wide.

Spacing: 1 to 1-1/2 feet on center.

Culture: Grows in USDA zones 6 to 9. Successful in wet, boggy, acidic, sandy soils; prefers regular watering. Prefers partial shade but can grow in full sun or partial shade. Not tolerant to salt spray.

Susceptible to slugs and snails.

Sedum ‘Autumn Joy’ Autumn Joy Stonecrop

Exotic | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses, in informal groupings, or borders.

Color: Leaves are green; flowers start out pink and turn copper as they mature blooming in summer to early fall. Produces numerous flowers over a 3-week period however, individual flowers only live for one day.

Habit: Fast growing to 1 to 2 feet tall and 2 feet wide.

Spacing: 1 foot on center.

Culture: Grows in USDA zones 3 to 10.

Successful in most soils, including dry or heavy clay, but prefers a rich moist soil. Prefers full sun but can grow in partial shade. Not tolerant of salt spray. Low maintenance, but susceptible to slugs, snails, mealy bugs, and possibly, deer.

Cut dead flowers after they die.

7-14 | LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES

Stachys byzantina Lamb’s Ears

Exotic | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings to contrast with other plants with dark green foliage or those with different shaped leaves; border plant.

Color: Leaves are soft, thick, tongue-shaped, woolly white, approximately 4 to 6 inches long. Small flowers are pinkish purple or white blooming in late spring to early summer.

Habit: 6 to 8 inches tall and 1 foot wide.

Spacing: 1 foot on center.

Culture: Grows in USDA zones 4 to 8.

Successful in most soils, but needs good drainage soil. Prefers partial shade but can tolerate full sun with regular watering. May die back with frost but will regenerate quickly. Tend to die out in the center. Not tolerant to salt spray. Cut dead flowers after they die.

Solidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings as contrast to low growing species. Can be used as borders. Works well in urban conditions, swales or rain gardens.

Color: Leaves are dark somewhat glossy green, accented by bright yellow flower clusters at the terminus of stems.

Habit: Rapid growth rate creating and upright spreading form 3 to 6 feet tall and 1 foot wide.

Spacing: 1 foot on center.

Culture: Native to Northeast North American coasts, the species is hardy USDA zones 3 to 11. Successful in most soils, but does very well in dry sands. Prefers full sun and will tolerate high heat, drought and temporary inundation. Also, tolerant of salt spray and saline soils.

Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses, informal groupings or borders. Excellent when in small colonies, clumps or rain gardens. Not overly successful in urban conditions.

Color: Leaves are dark green to purple.

Accented by bright to deep blue tubular flowers, sometimes blue-purple, in late summer.

Habit: Slow growth rate forming a dense clump 2 to 3 feet tall and 1 to 1.5 feet wide.

Spacing: 1.5 to 2 feet on center.

Culture: Native to East North American woodlands, meadows and streams. The species is hardy USDA zones 4 to 9. Does well in organic moderately moist to wet soils. Tolerant of waterlogged soils and deer. Prefers shade but also tolerates full sun and partial shade. Moderately tolerant of salt spray. Not drought tolerant.

Opuntia humifusa Eastern Prickly Pear

Native | Perennial

Uses: Works well in back dune or shore applications. Plant as specimen or in informal groupings. Fairly successful in urban conditions.

Color: No true leaves, but blue-green pads stack one on each other. Flowers are very distinctive being a bright satin yellow with a hint of red.

Habit: Slow growth rate having an open spreading form 1 to 2.5 feet tall and the same or more in width.

Spacing: 2 to 4 feet on center.

Culture: Native to Southeastern North America the species is hardy USDA zones 4 to 10. Requires full sun and fairly dry conditions. Will tolerate drought and deer.

Moderately salt spray and saline soil tolerant.

LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES | 7-15

GRASSES

Buchloe dactyloides Buffalo Grass

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in mass as a relatively low-maintenance lawn.

Color: Gray-green, long-lived, curly leaf blades; turns tawny brown with fall’s first freeze.

Habit: Rapidly spreads by runners growing 3 to 12 inches tall and 5 to 12 inches wide from late spring to first hard frosts in fall. At its best when allowed to grow tall; suggested mowing schedule three times annually to form thick turf carpet.

Spacing: Sodded lawns are preferred; 4-inch wide plugs planted at 18 inches on center;

seed applied at 3 pounds per 1,000 square feet.

Culture: Grows in USDA zones 3 to 9.

Successful in most soils including dry or heavy clay, will not tolerate sandy soils. Requires full sun; not frost tolerant. Weeds must be controlled during establishment phase by spot spraying and hand pulling. Seems to be resistant to deer and rabbits. Not tolerant to salt spray.

Helicotrichon sempervirens Blue Oat Grass

Exotic | Evergreen

Uses: Plant as focal accent or in informal groupings; attractive in borders or with cobble or rocks; plant in masses or with other blue-gray Mediterranean plants.

Color: Leaves are bright blue-gray and narrow, forming a fountain-like clump. Straw-colored flowers cluster, rising a foot above the foliage in late spring.

Habit: Slow growth rate to 2 feet tall and 3 feet wide.

Spacing: 2 feet on center.

Culture: Grows in USDA zones 4 to 8. Best in rich, well-drained soils but can be successful in a wide range of soils with good drainage.

Prefers full sun but can grow in light shade. Not tolerant of salt spray. Pull out occasional withered leaves. Drought tolerant once established. The blue color occurs in drier soils when planted in full sun or bright shade. Semi-evergreen in colder climates.

Muhlenbergia capillaris Pink Muhly Grass

Native | Evergreen

Uses: Plant as focal accent or in informal groupings.

Color: Leaves are dark green, glossy, and narrow, forming a mound. Masses of airy, loosely branching, pink to pinkish red flowers, rise above the foliage in fall. Tan seed plumes remain attractive in winter.

Habit: Medium growth rate of 3 to 4 feet in height and 2 to 3 feet in width.

Spacing: 2 feet on center.

Culture: Grows in USDA zones 6 to 11. Best in sandy, well-drained soils but, can be successful in a wide range of soil with good drainage.

Prefers full sun but can grow in light shade.

Tolerant of heat, humidity, and drought once established. No serious insect or disease problems. Tolerant of salt spray.

Panicum virgatum Switchgrass

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings.

Also successful in meadow plantings.

Color: Leaves are narrow, sword-shaped, medium green. Sweetly scented flowers are yellow blooming in mid-spring. Produces numerous flowers over a 3-week period.

However, individuals only last one day.

Habit: Fast growing reaching 2 feet in height and 2 feet in width.

Spacing: 6 to 9 inches on center.

Culture: Grows in USDA zones 4 to 9. Best in moist, sandy or clay soils but can be successful in a wide range of soils. Prefers full sun but can grow in light shade. Tolerant of heat, humidity, and drought once established. No serious insect or disease problems. Tolerant of salt spray.

Cultivar: ‘Northwind’

Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings. Also successful as meadow planting.

Color: Leaves are coarse, being green with a blue base in spring and turning to a red-bronze in fall and winter. Small bronze-purple flowers producing tufts of white seeds.

Habit: Fast growing in clumps 2 to 4 feet tall and 1.5 to 2 feet wide.

Spacing: 6 to 9 inches on center.

Culture: Native to Eastern North American meadows, woodland fringes, and prairies.

Hardy in USDA zones 3 to 9. Extremely tough, being tolerant of drought, pollution, deer, poor soil, and salt spray. Requires full sun.

7-16 | LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES

Coreopsis lanceolata Lanceleaf Coreopsis

Native | Annual

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings.

Also successful in meadow or naturalized plantings.

Color: Leaves are narrow lance shaped and dark green. Slightly scented bright yellow flowers with a slightly more vibrant center and blooms in late spring. Flowers born on delicate medium green stem.

Habit: Fast growing reaching 1 to 2.5 feet in height and 1 to 2 feet in width.

Spacing: 1 foot on center.

Culture: Native to Southeastern North America the species is hardy in USDA zones 4 to 9. Best in moist sandy soil but is hardy throughout a wider range of soils including clays and gravels. Prefers full sun and is drought tolerant. No serious insect or disease problems. Very tolerant of salt spray and saline soil.

Ammophila breviligulata American Beachgrass

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings in sandy condition, especially in relationship to sand dunes. Would be successful in more urban conditions.

Color: Leaves are a medium, somewhat glossy green, surrounding yellow flower spike in late spring to early summer.

Habit: Rapidly growing reaching 1 to 3 feet in height.

Spacing: 12 to 18 inches on center.

Culture: Native to Eastern North America and hardy USDA zones 4 to 9. Best in dry, sandy soils. Distinctive in its adaptability to changing conditions. Grows through rhizomes [underground stems] both vertically and horizontally, creating both vertical and horizontal mats which help to stabilize the dunes. Requires full sun and moderately drought tolerant. Also, extremely tolerant of salt spray and saline soils.

Schizachyrium littorale Seaside Little Bluestem

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings in sandy condition, especially in relationship to dunes. Would be successful in more urban conditions.

Color: Leaves are a dark green with a blue base, sometimes purple, and turns red after frost.

Accented by fluffy white seed heads in fall.

Habit: Rapidly growing reaching 1 to 2 feet in height and distinctive from their inland cousin Schizachyrium scoparium by their bent stems.

Spacing: 12 to 18 inches on center.

Culture: Native to the Southeast North American coast and hardy USDA zones 4 to 9.

Best in dry sandy soils. Tolerant of drought, heat, salt, saline soils, and low fertility. Requires full sun. Will not tolerate large amounts of sand accretion.

Spartina patens Saltmeadow cordgrass

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings in sandy condition. Does very well stabilizing shorelines. Use along tidal zones, barrier islands or marshes. Successful in more urban conditions as well.

Color: Leaves are vibrant green with non-distinctive deep purple summer flowers.

Habit: Rapidly growing form in an upright mass;

the species reaches from .5 to 1 foot tall and spreads by about 2 feet laterally each year.

Spacing: 8 to 36 inches on center.

Culture: Native to the Eastern/Southeastern coast of North America, the species is hardy USDA zones 6 to 11. Best in sandy soils with some moisture. The species is tolerant of periodic water inundation, salt spray, and highly saline soils. Requires full sun. Be aware, species spreads through rhizomes and can therefore become aggressive. Can withstand grazing pressure.

Uniola paniculata Sea Oats

Native | Perennial

Uses: Plant in masses or in informal groupings in sandy condition. May be used as a specimen. Especially good in dune settings and stabilization. Good in urban conditions.

Color: Leaves are dark green with distinctively large brown seed heads at end of long stems.

Habit: Slow growing, with an upright form reaching 6 feet in height at maturity and spreads through rhizomes forming dense matts.

Spacing: 2 to 5 feet on center.

Culture: Native to Southeast North American coastal dunes, the species is hardy USDA zones 6 to 10. Best in coarse sandy soils with some moisture. However the species is tolerant of occasional water inundation, salt spray, highly saline soils and drought.

Requires full sun to partial shade. Can withstand grazing pressure.

LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES | 7-17

Eragrostis spectabilis Purple Lovegrass

Native…