2.2 HAB_Ship_Guide_e.pdf

G u i d e f o r C r e w H a b i t a b i l i t y o n S h i p s

GUIDE FOR

CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS

FEBRUARY 2016

American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862

Copyright 2016 American Bureau of Shipping ABS Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA

F o r e w o r d

Foreword (1 February 2016) This Guide, originally published in December 2001, has undergone significant revision. Key revision areas include changes to the Whole-body Vibration (WBV) and Noise measurement and evaluation methodology and criteria, changes to the ambient Lighting methodology and criteria, and changes to the Accommodation Area criteria. These revisions are due to several factors, including:

1. Input from industry (i.e., Owners, designers, and construction yards)

2 Revisions to standards referenced in this Guide

3. Revised statutory regulations

4. Changes in current vessel design practices and principles

ABS has produced this Guide for Crew Habitability on Ships in order to provide a single source for habitability criteria suitable for ships. This Guide may be applied to vessels falling under the categories of oil or chemical tankers, bulk or combination carriers, container carriers, multi-purpose cargo vessels, or crew areas on passenger vessels. This Guide does not apply to vessels such as offshore support vessels, tug boats, tow boats, dredgers, research vessels, drill ships, anchor handling vessels or any other vessel providing service to offshore oil and gas exploration and production. These types of vessels are addressed in other ABS Habitability Guides*.

This Guide provides the assessment criteria and describes the measurement methodology for obtaining a ship Habitability notation. It is intended for use by vessel Owners or companies requesting the optional notations of ship Habitability (HAB), ship Habitability Plus (HAB+), or ship Habitability Plus Plus (HAB++).

For the HAB level, this Guide focuses on five (5) categories of habitability criteria that can affect task performance and can be controlled, measured, and assessed in crew work, rest, and recreation areas of ships.

These categories are: accommodation area, whole-body vibration (separate criteria for accommodation areas and work spaces), noise, indoor climate, and lighting.

For the HAB+ level, this Guide invokes more stringent accommodation area, whole-body vibration and noise criteria aimed at increasing crew comfort and safety. For the HAB++ level, there are more stringent accommodation area, whole-body vibration, noise, and indoor climate criteria.

To be awarded any of these notations, a vessel must meet the appropriate prescriptive criteria across the various habitability categories. In addition to the HAB notation assignment, at the Owner’s request, ABS may review the accommodation area design for compliance with ILO MLC, 2006 Title 3 requirements, as related to the MLC-ACCOM notation.

* Note: The other ABS Habitability Guides include: ABS Guide for Crew Habitability on Workboats, ABS Guide for Crew

Habitability on Mobile Offshore Drilling Units, and ABS Guide for Crew Habitability on Offshore Installations.

This Guide becomes effective on the first day of the month of publication.

Users are advised to check periodically on the ABS website www.eagle.org to verify that this version of this Guide is the most current.

We welcome your feedback. Comments or suggestions can be sent electronically by email to rsd@eagle.org.

ii ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016 mailto:rsd@eagle.org

T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s

GUIDE FOR

CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS

CONTENTS

SECTION 1 General

1 Introduction 2 Application 3 Scope 4 Terminology 5 Associated Documentation 6 Notation 7 Data and Plans to be Submitted

7.1 General

7.2 Accommodation Areas

7.3 Ambient Environment

8 Process for Obtaining a Notation

8.1 Accommodation Areas

8.2 Ambient Environment

8.3 Results

9 Initial Requirements 10 Surveys after Construction 11 Alternatives

11.1 General

11.2 National Regulations

11.3 Departures from Criteria

TABLE 1 Threshold for Measurements to be Considered Close to

Non-Compliance

FIGURE 1 Process for Obtaining a Habitability Notation

SECTION 2 Accommodation Areas

1 Background 2 Scope 3 Terminology 4 Associated Documentation 5 Criteria 6 Accommodation Area Documentation

6.1 Data Requirements

ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016 iii

7 Submittal Review and Verification 8 Results

SECTION 3 Whole-body Vibration

1 Background 2 Scope 3 Terminology 4 Associated Documentation 5 Criteria 6 Test Plan

6.1 Documentation

6.2 Test Personnel

6.3 Test Conditions

6.4 Measurement Locations

6.5 Data Acquisition and Instruments

6.6 Data Analysis

6.7 Test Schedule

6.8 Data Collection Sheets

6.9 Conflict of Interest Declaration

7 Test Requirements

7.1 General

7.2 Data Acquisition and Instruments

7.3 Test Conditions

7.4 Measurement Locations

8 Test Report

8.1 Test Details

8.2 Transducer Placement Positions

8.3 Measurement Equipment Details

8.4 Results

8.5 Deviations

8.6 Surveyor Witnessing Documentation

9 Results

TABLE 1 Maximum Weighted Root-Mean-Square Acceleration

Level TABLE 2 Distribution of Transducer Positions Within Spaces

FIGURE 1 Measurement Axes

SECTION 4 Noise

1 Background 2 Scope 3 Terminology 4 Associated Documentation iv ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016

5 Criteria

5.1 Equivalent Continuous A-weighted Sound Pressure Level

5.2 Acoustic Insulation

6 Test Plan

6.1 Documentation

6.2 Test Personnel

6.3 Test Conditions

6.4 Measurement Locations

6.5 Data Acquisition and Instruments

6.6 Data Analysis

6.7 Test Schedule

6.8 Data Collection Sheets

6.9 Conflict of Interest Declaration

7 Test Requirements

7.1 General

7.2 Data Acquisition and Instruments

7.3 Test Conditions

7.4 Measurement Locations

7.5 Measurement Procedures and Recorded Results

8 Test Report

8.1 Test Details

8.2 Measurement Positions

8.3 Measurement Equipment Details

8.4 Results

8.5 Deviations

8.6 Surveyor Witnessing Documentation

9 Results

TABLE 1 Noise Criteria for Ships

SECTION 5 Indoor Climate

1 Background 2 Scope 3 Terminology 4 Associated Documentation 5 Criteria

5.1 Air Temperature

5.2 Relative Humidity

5.3 Enclosed Space Vertical Gradient

5.4 Air Velocity

5.5 Crew Cabin Area Horizontal Gradient

5.6 Air Supply Quantity

5.7 Summary

6 Test Plan

6.1 Documentation

6.2 Test Personnel

6.3 Test Conditions

ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016 v

6.4 Measurement Locations

6.5 Data Acquisition and Instruments

6.6 Data Analysis

6.7 Test Schedule

6.8 Data Collection Sheets

6.9 Conflict of Interest Declaration

7 Test Requirements

7.1 General

7.2 Data Acquisition and Instruments

7.3 Test Conditions

7.4 Measurement Locations

8 Test Report

8.1 Test Details

8.2 Transducer Placement Positions

8.3 Measurement Equipment Details

8.4 Results

8.5 Deviations

8.6 Surveyor Witnessing Documentation

9 Results

TABLE 1 Summary of Indoor Climate Requirements

SECTION 6 Lighting

1 Background 2 Scope 3 Terminology 4 Associated Documentation 5 Criteria

5.1 General and Task Lighting

5.2 Red or Low-level White Illuminance

6 Test Plan

6.1 Documentation

6.2 Test Personnel

6.3 Test Conditions

6.4 Measurement Locations

6.5 Data Acquisition and Instruments

6.6 Data Analysis

6.7 Test Schedule

6.8 Data Collection Sheets

6.9 Conflict of Interest Declaration

7 Test Requirements

7.1 General

7.2 Data Acquisition and Instruments

7.3 Test Conditions

7.4 Measurement Locations

vi ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016

ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016 vii

8 Test Report

8.1 Test Details

8.2 Measurement Positions

8.3 Measurement Equipment Details

8.4 Results

8.5 Deviations

8.6 Surveyor Witnessing Documentation

9 Results

TABLE 1 Lighting Criteria for Crew Accommodation Spaces

TABLE 2 Lighting Criteria for Entrances and Passageways

TABLE 3 Lighting Criteria for Navigation and Control Spaces

TABLE 4 Lighting Criteria for Service Spaces

TABLE 5 Lighting Criteria for Operating and Maintenance Spaces/Areas

TABLE 6 Lighting Criteria for Red or Low-level White Illuminance

TABLE 7 Distribution of Measurement Positions within Spaces

APPENDIX 1 References

1 General References

2 Accommodation Area References

3 Whole-body Vibrations References

4 Noise References

5 Indoor Climate References

6 Lighting References

APPENDIX 2 Procedural Requirements for ABS Recognized Ambient Environmental Testing Specialists

1 Terminology

2 Objective

3 Application

4 Procedure for Approval and Certification

4.1 Documentation Requirements

4.2 General Requirements

4.3 Auditing of the Testing Specialist

4.4 Certification

4.5 Quality Assurance System

4.6 Testing Specialist Relations with the Test Equipment

Manufacturer

5 Certificate of Approval

5.1 Renewal

6 Alterations

7 Cancellation of Approval

8 Detailed Requirements by Ambient Environmental Aspect

8.1 Whole-body Vibration

8.2 Noise

8.3 Indoor Climate

8.4 Lighting

APPENDIX 3 Accommodation Area Criteria

General Access/Egress Crew Cabins Sanitary Spaces Office Food Service Areas Recreation Laundry Medical

APPENDIX 4 Evaluation of Crew Exposure to Shock on High-Speed Craft

1 Terminology 2 Procedure 3 Measurement

3.1 Location of Measurements

3.2 Duration of Measurements

3.3 Measurement Instrumentation

4 Evaluation and Assessment of Vibration 5 References

FIGURE 1 Whole-body Vibration Measurement Axes for Seated and

Standing Workers

APPENDIX 5 Acronyms and Abbreviations

APPENDIX 6 Associated Documentation viii ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016

S e c t i o n 1 : G e n e r a l

S E C T I O N 1 General

1 Introduction ABS recognizes the positive impact that suitable habitability criteria and design practices may have on the safety, productivity, morale, and overall well-being of seafarers. The ABS Guide for Crew Habitability on Ships has been developed with the objective of improving the quality of crew member performance and comfort by improving working and living environments in terms of accommodation area design and ambient environmental qualities. These habitability criteria have been chosen to provide a means to help reduce crew fatigue, improve performance and safety, and to assist with crew recruiting and retention.

2 Application (1 February 2016) This Guide is applicable to new and existing vessels for which an optional ship Habitability (HAB), ship Habitability Plus (HAB+), or ship Habitability Plus Plus (HAB++) notation has been requested. The habitability criteria are a measure of the acceptability of crew accommodation areas and work spaces for living and working. In addition to the HAB notation assignment, at the Owner’s request, ABS may review the accommodation area design for compliance with ILO MLC, 2006 Title 3 requirements, as related to the MLC-ACCOM notation.

ABS has produced this Guide for Crew Habitability on Ships in order to provide a single source for habitability criteria suitable for ships. This Guide may be applied to vessels falling under the categories of oil or chemical tankers, bulk or combination carriers, container carriers, multi-purpose cargo vessels, or passenger vessels (crew areas). This Guide does not apply to vessels such as offshore support vessels, tug boats, tow boats, dredgers, research vessels, drill ships, anchor handling vessels or any other vessel providing service to offshore oil and gas exploration and production. These types of vessels are covered and discussed in other ABS Habitability Guides.

3 Scope This Guide focuses on five (5) habitability aspects of ship design and layout that can be controlled, measured, and assessed. These five (5) aspects are broken into two (2) categories in this Guide, accommodation areas and the ambient environment.

Accommodation area criteria pertain to dimensional and outfitting aspects of spaces and open deck areas where crew members eat, sleep, recreate, and perform routine daily activities.

The ambient environmental aspects of habitability pertain to the environment that the crew is exposed to during periods of work, leisure, and rest. Specifically, this Guide provides criteria, limits, and measurement methodologies for the following:

i) Whole-body Vibration (separate criteria for accommodation areas and work spaces)

ii) Noise

iii) Indoor Climate

iv) Lighting

The criteria provided in this Guide are based on currently available research data and standards for the purpose of improving crew performance and providing a base level of habitability and elements of safety related to habitability.

While producing this Guide, ABS has taken a practical approach to measurements, test personnel (Testing Specialists), and test equipment.

ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016 1

Section 1 General

4 Terminology (1 February 2016) ABS Recognized Ambient Environmental Testing Specialists: Companies providing test or measurement services on behalf of the Owner of a vessel or shipyard for the purposes of meeting any of the ABS Habitability (HAB, HAB+, HAB++) notation requirements. Approval of the Testing Specialist for ships may also allow for testing and measurement services for other ABS Habitability, Comfort, and MLC notations.

Accommodation Areas/Accommodation Block: Vessel areas where the primary purpose is to rest and recreate.

Accommodation spaces include cabins, medical facilities (sick bays), offices, recreation rooms, and manned spaces within the accommodation block such as the bridge or control room. For the purposes of this Guide, accommodation areas also include service spaces such as mess rooms, laundry, and storerooms.

Ambient Environment: Ambient environment refers to the environmental conditions that the crew is exposed to during periods of work, leisure or rest. Specifically, this Guide provides criteria and limits for whole-body vibration, noise, indoor climate, and lighting.

Associated Documentation: Documents referenced in this Guide that are needed to provide measuring techniques and further guidance.

Cargo Vessel: A cargo vessel is any vessel other than a passenger vessel that is involved in commercial trade.

Crew Member: Any person onboard a vessel, including the Master, who is not a passenger. This term is used interchangeably throughout this document with “seafarer”.

Crew Spaces: All areas on a vessel intended for seafarers only, such as seafarer accommodation spaces and seafarer work spaces. This term is also used interchangeably throughout this document with “seafarer spaces”.

Gross Tonnage: The gross tonnage calculated in accordance with the tonnage measurement regulations contained in Annex I to the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, or any successor Convention.

Habitability: The acceptability of the conditions of a vessel in terms of whole-body vibration, noise, indoor climate, and lighting, as well as physical and spatial characteristics, according to prevailing research and standards for human efficiency and comfort.

High-Speed Craft: Vessels that meet the requirements of the ABS Rules for Building and Classing High-Speed Craft.

Manned Space: For application of this Guide, a manned space is any space where a seafarer may be present for twenty (20) minutes or longer at any one time during normal, routine daily activities. Such spaces include working or living spaces. For machinery spaces, a manned space will be associated with the presence of a local work/control duty station manned for twenty (20) minutes or longer at one time during normal, routine daily activities. Normal inspection, walkthrough (patrolling) and maintenance tasks in machinery spaces are not considered tasks contributing towards a particular space being considered manned.

Passenger: A passenger is every person other than the Master and the members of the crew or other persons employed or engaged in any capacity onboard a vessel for the business of that vessel.

Passenger Vessel: A vessel whose primary purpose is to carry more than twelve (12) passengers for transportation or recreational purposes. This includes cruise ships and ferries (conventional and high-speed craft).

Recreation and Public Spaces: Those portions of the accommodation areas that are used for halls, dining rooms, lounges, and similar spaces.

Seafarer: Any person onboard a vessel, including the Master, who is not a passenger. This term is used interchangeably throughout this document with “crew member”.

Seafarer Spaces: All areas on a vessel intended for seafarers only, such as seafarer accommodation spaces and seafarer work spaces. This term is also used interchangeably throughout this document with “crew spaces”.

Shall: Expresses a provision that is mandatory.

2 ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016

Test Plan: Document containing the requisite information regarding vessel design and layout, test personnel, test conditions, measurement locations, data acquisition, instruments, data analysis, and test schedule necessary for verifying the measurements for the ambient environmental aspects of habitability. This document is to be primarily prepared by the ABS Recognized Ambient Environment Testing Specialist with additional input provided by the designer/builder. Submission of the document for approval can be by either the Testing Specialist or the designer/builder.

Test Report: Document containing the actual testing results from the ambient environmental tests including details of the testing conditions, measurement locations, measurement equipment, and the results of the data collected and analyzed.

Work Spaces: Areas allocated for work. Categories of work spaces include, but are not limited to, navigation spaces, service spaces (e.g., galley), machinery spaces, and duty/control stations.

5 Associated Documentation

• Appendix 2, “Procedural Requirements for ABS Recognized Ambient Environmental Testing Specialists”

6 Notation At the Owner’s or shipyard’s request, a vessel complying with the minimum criteria for accommodation areas and the ambient environment (i.e., whole-body vibration, noise, indoor climate, and lighting) provided in this Guide may be assigned a notation of HAB.

A vessel complying with the HAB criteria and the more stringent criteria with respect to accommodation, whole-body vibration, noise, and indoor climate may be distinguished in the Record by the notation HAB+.

A vessel satisfying all the criteria in the Guide may be distinguished in the Record by the notation HAB++.

A summary of the differences among each of these notations is presented below.

HAB HAB+ HAB++

Accommodation Areas HAB Requirements for Accommodation Areas

HAB and HAB+ Requirements for Accommodation Areas

HAB+ and HAB++ Requirements for Accommodation Areas

Whole-body Vibration Level of vibration – reducing discomfort and promoting job performance

Lower level of vibration – promoting job performance and increased comfort

Lowest level of vibration – promoting job performance and increased comfort

Noise IMO Code on Noise with modifications

HAB with additional requirements

HAB+ with additional requirements

Indoor Climate No provision for individual temperature adjustment

Aimed at enhancing crew comfort by making provisions for individual adjustments of indoor climate temperature

Lighting No differences among the notations

7 Data and Plans to be Submitted

7.1 General

The following General Arrangement-type drawings of the vessel shall be submitted:

i) Inboard profile detailing the location of the main vertical zone boundaries, the location of the main watertight bulkheads, as well as the various deck levels

ii) Plan view of each deck annotating the various spaces on each deck

ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016 3

7.2 Accommodation Areas

At a minimum, scaled arrangement drawings of the various accommodation spaces (elevation and plan views) and the vessel’s accommodation area specifications shall be submitted to ABS Engineering. Details of the crew accommodation area data requirements are provided in Subsection 2/6, “Accommodation Area Documentation”.

7.3 Ambient Environment

(1 February 2016) The following items are to be submitted individually for each ambient environmental aspect.

7.3.1 Test Plans (1 February 2016)

Test Plans shall serve as the principal means for verifying the measurements for the ambient environmental aspects of habitability. Separate Test Plans are required for whole-body vibration, noise, indoor climate, and lighting. Specific Test Plan details for the various ambient environmental criteria are outlined in later sections of this Guide as follows:

Environmental Aspect Test Plan Details Whole-body Vibration Subsection 3/6 Noise Subsection 4/6 Indoor Climate Subsection 5/6 Lighting Subsection 6/6

The Test Plans require approval by ABS Engineering before any measurements are made. ABS Engineering shall notify the vessel Owner or shipyard whether the Test Plans have been approved or require alteration. An ABS approved copy of the Test Plan shall become part of the vessel’s official documentation.

7.3.2 Test Reports

Upon completion of the ambient environmental testing, Test Reports shall be submitted to the ABS Surveyor. In addition, a copy of the Test Reports shall become part of the vessel’s official documentation. These reports contain ambient environmental information such as test results, testing details, measurement equipment details, etc. The specific Report contents for the various ambient environmental criteria are outlined in later sections of this Guide as follows:

Environmental Aspect Test Plan Details Whole-body Vibration Subsection 3/8 Noise Subsection 4/8 Indoor Climate Subsection 5/8 Lighting Subsection 6/8

8 Process for Obtaining a Notation (1 February 2016) Prior to scheduling accommodation area verification or ambient environmental testing activities, the vessel Owner or shipyard shall certify the operational status of the vessel as being fully operational and/or inclusive of all equipment and furnishings. If the vessel is not fully operational, a complete listing of deficiencies of areas, components, equipment, etc. shall be submitted to ABS for review. ABS shall then make a determination and notify the vessel Owner or shipyard as to whether accommodation area verification activities or ambient environmental testing can commence. The intent is to conclude all ambient environmental testing by the end of the sea trials.

Section 1, Figure 1, “Process for Obtaining a Habitability Notation”, charts the process for obtaining a HAB, HAB+, or a HAB++ notation. The following Paragraphs briefly describe the notation process.

4 ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016

FIGURE 1

Process for Obtaining a Habitability Notation (1 February 2016)

Request Habitability

Notation

Create Test Plan for Indoor Climate

Create Test Plan for Noise

Create Test Plan for Whole-body

Vibration

Create Test Plan for Lighting

Prepare data relating to

Accommodation Area Criteria

Submit Accommodation Area criteria to

ABS

ABS performs an Engineering review

Submit Test Plans to ABS

ABS Engineering requires modifications to Test Plans?

Modify Test Plans

Further data required?

Yes

No

Yes

No

ABS Surveyor to take verification measurements

Submit Vessel Status Information

Take measurements

(witnessed by an ABS Surveyor)

Submit Test Reports to ABS

Surveyor

ABS makes decision for habitability notation (HAB, HAB+, or HAB++)

ABS performs an Engineering review

ABS Surveyor reviews Test

Reports

8.1 Accommodation Areas (1 February 2016)

Arrangement drawings, plans, and vessel design specifications for accommodation spaces shall be prepared and submitted to ABS Engineering for review. For new construction, the drawings shall be provided to ABS Engineering during the detailed design phase. For existing vessels, the arrangement drawings and plans, reflecting the current accommodation area configurations shall be provided to and approved by ABS Engineering, in advance of ABS Surveyor verifications.

ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016 5

Follow-up physical verification measurements of accommodation area criteria shall be performed by an ABS Surveyor. The ABS Surveyor shall select verification measurement sites. The physical verification measurements of accommodation area criteria shall be performed for all vessels in a series of vessels.

The results of the ABS Engineering review and actual ABS Surveyor verification shall be reviewed by the ABS Surveyor during the notation confirmation process.

8.2 Ambient Environment (1 February 2016)

Ambient environmental Test Plans for whole-body vibration, noise, indoor climate, and lighting shall be individually prepared and submitted to ABS Engineering. These Test Plans shall serve as a primary means for verifying the measurement locations and measurement process, as well as specifying the Testing Specialist who will perform the ambient environmental testing.

Testing, inspections, and data collection shall be performed by the Testing Specialist and witnessed by an ABS Surveyor. Test Reports for ambient environmental testing shall be prepared by the Testing Specialist and submitted to the ABS Surveyor for review.

For a vessel that is expected to operate in extreme environmental conditions (e.g., Polar regions, the Persian Gulf, etc.) that are significantly different from the conditions during sea trials, the designer/shipyard is required to submit information on the design/engineering analysis performed as part of the Test Plan submission verifying that the appropriate HAB criteria can be met in the actual area of operations. If there were instances during sea trials, where the criteria was either not met, or passed by a small margin, the ABS Surveyor in conjunction with the designer and Owner, may request additional confirmatory tests to be carried out in the actual area of operation.

Full ambient environmental testing as described in this Guide is required for the first vessel in a series of vessels. For the second and subsequent sister vessels (i.e., vessels being part of the same series of vessels that have identical structural, machinery, and outfitting designs), full scale testing for the ambient environmental aspects of the notation, is not required.

For the second or all subsequent sister vessels constructed in the same shipyard, the following is applicable for all aspects of ambient environmental testing (whole-body vibration, noise, indoor climate and lighting):

• Spaces that were identified as “worst case” locations in the test plans for the first vessel need to be tested.

• By review of the first vessel’s Test Reports (all ambient environment aspects), the ABS Surveyor shall identify the locations which were out of compliance or close to non-compliance (See Section 1, Table 1) that need to be tested.

• Spaces that required some type of mitigation for the first vessel need to be tested.

• All vessels are subject to ABS Surveyor walkthroughs. Additional testing may be required at the ABS Surveyor’s discretion.

TABLE 1

Threshold for Measurements to be Considered

Close to Non-Compliance (1 February 2016) Ambient Environment Aspect Testing Threshold

Whole Body Vibration Within 10% of the criteria Noise Within 3 dB(A) of the criteria

Indoor Climate Within 2°C (3.6°F) from the lower or upper air temperature range limits

Lighting Within 10% of the criteria

For sister vessels constructed at a different shipyard the following is applicable:

• Full testing is required for the first vessel at each shipyard

• For the subsequent sister vessels, the procedure described previously for vessels built at the same shipyard is applicable.

6 ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016

8.3 Results

The ABS Engineering accommodation area assessment, ABS Surveyor verification measurements, and ambient environmental Test Reports shall be reviewed by the ABS Surveyor for determination of notation confirmation.

9 Initial Requirements The initial process for obtaining any ship Habitability notation shall comprise ABS Engineering reviews, ambient environmental testing, and ABS Surveyor verifications. Testing shall be in accordance with the submitted Test Plans reviewed and approved by ABS Engineering in advance of the testing. Testing shall be witnessed by an ABS Surveyor. If the criteria specified in this Guide have been satisfied, then the appropriate notation may be confirmed.

10 Surveys after Construction (1 February 2016) It is intended that all surveys after construction are to be aligned with Classification Surveys. Harmonization of surveys is to be carried out at the first available opportunity. See also Section 7-9-16 of the ABS Rules for Survey After Construction (Part 7) for the survey requirements.

11 Alternatives

11.1 General

ABS will consider alternative arrangements, criteria and procedures, which can be shown to satisfy the criteria directly cited or referred to in this Guide. The demonstration of an alternative’s acceptability can be made through either the presentation of satisfactory service experience or systematic analysis based on valid engineering principles.

11.2 National Regulations

ABS will consider for its acceptance alternative arrangements and details, which can be shown to comply with standards recognized in the country (flag State) in which the vessel is registered or built, provided they are deemed not less effective.

11.3 Departures from Criteria (1 February 2016)

The criteria contained in this Guide are envisioned to apply to vessels that are engaged in the usual trades and services expected of such vessels, within the scope of the following:

• ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels

• ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 90 meters in Length (Part 5)

• ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Rivers and Intracoastal Waterways.

• ABS Rules for Materials and Welding

• ABS Rules for Building and Classing High-Speed Craft

It is recognized that unusual or unforeseen conditions may lead to a case where one or more of the parameters of interest in granting a notation may temporarily fall outside the range of acceptability.

When a departure from criteria is identified, during either the notation’s initial issuance or reconfirmation process, it shall be reviewed by ABS in consultation with the shipyard or the Owner. When the design of the accommodation areas or ambient environmental test results contain departures from the stated criteria, these will be subject to special consideration upon the receipt of details about the departure. Depending on the degree and consequences of the departure, the shipyard or Owner may be required to provide an assessment and remediation plan to obtain or maintain the notation. Failure to complete the agreed remediation by the due date will lead to withdrawal of the notation.

ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016 7

S e c t i o n 2 : A c c o m m o d a t i o n A r e a s

S E C T I O N 2 Accommodation Areas

1 Background (1 February 2016) To promote maritime safety, efficiency, and habitability, it is important that seafarers maintain appropriate levels of mental and physical fitness while onboard vessels. To help accomplish this, seafarers should be provided with suitable accommodation areas. Appropriate accommodation area design helps promote reliable performance by reducing the potential for fatigue and human error. Appropriately designed and outfitted accommodation areas may also enhance crew morale, recruiting, retention, comfort, and overall quality of life at sea.

Conversely, inappropriate accommodation areas can adversely impact a seafarer’s ability to reliably perform assigned duties, fully relax, sleep, and recover from mentally and physically demanding work activities.

This in turn can impact their ability to carry out duties on succeeding watches with the required diligence, accuracy, and attention to safety procedures. Providing an onboard environment that increases seafarer alertness and well-being should be of concern to vessel Owners.

2 Scope This Section and Appendix 3, “Accommodation Area Criteria”, provide the measurement criteria for accommodation spaces. In particular, Appendix 3 encompasses criteria for access and egress, as well as crew cabins, sanitary spaces, offices, food services, recreation areas, laundry, and medical spaces. The criteria were selected to help increase crew member safety, productivity, quality of work, retention, and morale.

Note: The criteria for access/egress are applicable only to the crew accommodation block and do not include crew member work spaces outside of the accommodation block.

Compliance with this Section and Appendix 3 “Accommodation Area Criteria” is a prerequisite for the ship Habitability (HAB), ship Habitability Plus (HAB+), or ship Habitability Plus Plus (HAB++) notation confirmation.

3 Terminology (1 February 2016) Accommodation Areas/Accommodation Block: Vessel areas where the primary purpose is to rest and recreate.

Accommodation spaces include cabins, medical facilities (sick bays), offices, recreation rooms, and manned spaces within the accommodation block such as the bridge or control room. For the purposes of this Guide, accommodation areas also include service spaces such as mess rooms, laundry, and storerooms.

4 Associated Documentation (1 February 2016)

• Appendix 3, “Accommodation Area Criteria”

• International Labor Organization (ILO) Conventions 92 and 133 and the ILO MLC, Title 3, 2006

• ABS Guide for Compliance with The ILO Maritime Convention, 2006 Title 3 Requirements

8 ABS GUIDE FOR CREW HABITABILITY ON SHIPS . 2016

Section 2 Accommodation Areas

5 Criteria (1 September 2013) The accommodation area criteria are contained in Appendix 3, “Accommodation Area Criteria”. The ILO MLC, 2006 quantitative accommodation area requirements have been included in this Guide and are denoted by a “#” symbol in the tables of Appendix 3.

The HAB+ and HAB++ notations have more stringent criteria than the HAB notation with the objective of providing enhanced living and working conditions to improve seafarer safety and comfort. This includes enhanced criteria for work space design, crew cabins, and recreation/leisure areas.

The HAB+ notation requires meeting the accommodation area criteria of HAB and HAB+. To achieve a HAB++ notation requires meeting the criteria for both HAB and HAB+, as well as the HAB++ requirements.

For example, Criteria #14 below provides three degrees for angles of inclination for stairways, one for HAB, HAB+, and HAB++. If seeking a HAB++ notation, the 40 degrees criteria would need to be fulfilled.

By fulfilling the criteria for the HAB++ requirements, the criteria for HAB+ and HAB are met.

Requirement # = Related ILO MLC 2006, Title 3 Requirement

Meets

HAB

Requirements

Meets

HAB+

Requirements

Meets

HAB++

Requirements 14 Accommodation area stairways have a maximum angle of inclination from the horizontal of:

• 50 degrees

• 45 degrees

• 40 degrees

6 Accommodation Area Documentation As stated in 1/7.2, “Accommodation Areas”, accommodation area documentation shall be prepared and submitted to ABS Engineering for review. Confirmatory verification measurements shall be performed by an ABS Surveyor. The following data shall be submitted to ABS Engineering:

6.1 Data Requirements

The submitted data shall serve as a means for verifying that the vessel meets the accommodation area criteria specified in Appendix 3, “Accommodation Area Criteria”.

6.1.1 New Construction

For new construction, scaled arrangement drawings of the accommodation spaces (elevation and plan views), details of the accommodation area outfitting and vessel’s design specification in relation to the accommodation spaces shall be submitted to ABS Engineering.

6.1.2 Existing Vessels

For existing vessels, appropriate arrangement drawings and plans, reflecting the current accommodation area configurations shall be provided to ABS Engineering along with any current vessel accommodation area design specifications.

7 Submittal Review and Verification Arrangement drawings, plans, and vessel specifications for the accommodation areas shall be prepared and submitted for review by ABS Engineering. For new construction, the drawings shall be provided to ABS Engineering during the detailed design phase. For existing vessels, the arrangement drawings and plans reflecting the current accommodation area configurations shall be provided to ABS Engineering, in advance of onboard ABS Surveyor verifications.

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Section 2 Accommodation Areas

ABS Engineering shall review the submitted accommodation area documentation. ABS Engineering shall report any deviation from criteria to the Owner/shipyard for resolution and shall also identify any criteria that the ABS Surveyors must field verify.

The ABS Surveyor shall verify that the submitted drawings match the constructed vessel. The ABS Surveyor shall also verify any criteria that are outstanding from the ABS Engineering review and document deviations from criteria.

8 Results The results of the ABS Engineering review and the ABS Surveyor verification shall be reviewed by the ABS Surveyor against the appropriate HAB, HAB+, or HAB++ criteria for notation confirmation.

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S e c t i o n 3 : W h o l e - b o d y V i b r a t i o n

S E C T I O N 3 Whole-body Vibration

1 Background Working and/or living onboard vessels imposes a series of generally low-frequency mechanical vibration, as well as single-impulse shock loads on the human body.

Low-frequency vibrations are also imposed by vessel motions, which are produced by the various sea states in conjunction with vessel speed. These motions can result in motion sickness, body instability, fatigue, and increased health risk aggravated by shock loads induced by vessel slamming. Vessel slamming may be caused by dynamic impact loads being exerted on the vessel’s bottom or bow flare due to vessel size, speed, and wave conditions.

Higher-frequency vibration influencing comfort is often associated with rotating machinery. The imposition of higher frequency vibrations (about 1 to 80 Hz) induces corresponding motions and forces within the human body, creating discomfort and possibly resulting in degraded performance and health (Griffin, 1990).

2 Scope (1 February 2016) This Section provides the criteria and methods for assessing whole-body vibration relating to habitability onboard vessels. The criteria were selected to limit potential vibration related interference with work tasks and to improve crew comfort.

Consideration of the vibration loads imposed on the body is restricted to motions transmitted from surrounding structures to the entire human body through the feet of a standing person in the frequency range 1 to 80 Hertz (Hz). Motions transmitted to the body of a seated or recumbent person have been omitted from this Guide. Due to the provision of resilient or non-rigid surfaces on seats and beds, these surfaces will generally attenuate the transfer of vibration to levels that are lower than those experienced when standing. The motions transmitted through the feet are expected to be the highest vibration levels to which crew will be exposed.

This Section applies to manned spaces as defined in Section 1. Examples of such spaces include accommodation spaces (e.g., cabins, mess areas, recreation spaces, etc.) and work spaces (e.g., galley, control rooms, duty stations, etc.) both inside and, in other vessel locations, outside the accommodation block.

Whole-body vibration limits defined in this Section are based on currently available standards. Compliance with this Section is a prerequisite for the ship Habitability (HAB), ship Habitability Plus (HAB+), or ship Habitability Plus Plus (HAB++) notation confirmation.

In the case of High-Speed Craft (as defined by the requirements of the ABS Rules for Building and Classing High-Speed Craft), crew exposure to impact shock can be assessed according to the requirements expressed in Appendix 4 of this Guide, “Evaluation of Crew Exposure to Shock on High-Speed Craft”. The results and findings of the methods presented in Appendix 4 impose no requirements for acquiring a notation;

rather, the results are intended to identify threats to mariner health and comfort so as to aid the Owner in identifying means to control or mitigate those threats.

3 Terminology (1 February 2016) Acceleration: The rate of change of velocity over time (i.e., meters-per-second squared, m/s2).

Calibration Checks: Field calibration of a measuring instrument conducted before and after a field test, using a reference calibrated signal. Field calibrators (portable calibrators) shall comply with an international or national standard.

Exposure Action Value: The value of vibration/repetitive shock above which controlling the whole-body vibration exposure to humans is recommended.

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Section 3 Whole-body Vibration

Exposure Limit Value: A value of vibration/repetitive shock above which humans should not be exposed.

Frequency: The number of complete cycles of a periodic process occurring per unit time. Frequency is expressed in Hertz (Hz) which corresponds to the number of cycles observed-per-second.

Frequency Weighting: A transfer function used to modify a signal according to a required dependence on vibration frequency.

• In human response to vibration, various frequency weightings have been defined in order to reflect known or hypothesized relationships between vibration frequency and human response.

• The frequency weighting used to evaluate whole-body vibration in this Guide is Wm (whole-body) for all three axes (x, y, and z), in accordance with ISO 6954.

Multi-Axis Acceleration Value: The Multi-Axis Acceleration Value is calculated from the root-sums-of-squares of the weighted RMS acceleration values in each axis (axw, ayw and azw) at the measurement point using the following expression:

aw = 222 zwywxw aaa ++ where axw, ayw and azw are the weighted RMS acceleration values measured in the x-, y- and z-axes, respectively.

Multi-Axis Vibration: Mechanical vibration or shock acting in more than one (1) direction simultaneously.

Reference Calibration: Calibration of a measuring instrument and of a portable calibrator conducted at least every two (2) years (or more frequently if specified by the manufacturer) by an accredited Testing and Calibration Laboratory accredited according to ISO 17025:2005, as amended, with traceability to a national or international standard.

Velocity: The rate of change of distance over time (i.e., millimeters per second, mm/s).

Vibration: The variation with time of the magnitude of a quantity which is descriptive of the motion or position of a mechanical system, when the magnitude is alternately greater and smaller than some average value.

Weighted Root-Mean-Square Acceleration Value (aw): The weighted root-mean-square (RMS) acceleration, aw, in meters-per-second squared, is defined by the expression:

aw = dtta T

T w )(1

2∫ where aw(t) is the weighted acceleration as a function of time in meters-per-second squared (m/s2) and t is the duration of the measurement in seconds.

Whole-body Vibration: Mechanical vibration (or shock) transmitted to the human body as a whole. Whole-body vibration is often due to the vibration of a surface supporting the body.

4 Associated Documentation (1 February 2016) The following documents provide details about Test Plan preparation, test measurement procedures and/or test reporting:

• ISO 6954:2000, Mechanical Vibration and Shock – Guidelines for the Measurement, Reporting and Evaluation of Vibration with Regard to Habitability on Passenger and Merchant Ships

• ISO 2631-2:2003, Mechanical Vibration and Shock – Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole Body Vibration – Part 2, Vibration in Buildings

• ISO 8041:2005, Human Response to Vibration – Measuring Instrumentation.

• ISO 5348:1998, Mechanical Vibration and Shock – Mechanical Mounting of Accelerometers

• WMO: Manual on Codes, No. 306, Part A, Alphanumerical Codes (2011 Edition, Updated in 2014)

Further guidance can be found in:

• ISO 20283-2:2008, Mechanical Vibration – Measurement of Vibration on Ships – Part 2: Measurement of Structural Vibration

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5 Criteria (1 February 2016) The whole-body vibration criteria for the ship Habitability notations (HAB, HAB+, or HAB++) are provided in Section 3, Table 1, “Maximum Weighted Root-Mean-Square Acceleration Level”. The severity of the vibration shall be indicated by the weighted root-mean-square acceleration value (aw) as defined in ISO 8041.

Whole-body vibration measurements shall only be taken in manned spaces. Specific locations are referred to in 3/7.4, “Measurement Locations”.

The maximum vibration levels for accommodation areas and work spaces in Section 3, Table 1, “Maximum Weighted Root-Mean-Square Acceleration Level” shall not be exceeded under normal operating conditions.

The HAB notation’s maximum vibration level is primarily aimed at reducing discomfort and interference with task performance. The more stringent maximum level for the HAB+ and HAB++ notations are aimed at improving performance and comfort. In this instance, “comfort” means the ability of the crew to use a space for its intended purpose with minimal interference or annoyance from whole-body vibration.

For the purpose of this Section, the notation applies to the vibration levels occurring on the deck supporting the human body in the three (3) translational (x-, y- and z-) axes as shown in Section 3, Figure 1, “Measurement Axes”. The vibration levels are computed for each axis individually, as well as combined as a multi-axis acceleration value. Each is expressed as a frequency weighted root-mean-square (aw) value. To meet the vibration criteria, the multi-axis aw level must be less than or equal to the maximum level expressed in Section 3, Table 1.

FIGURE 1

Measurement Axes z-axis (vertical) y-axis (lateral) x-axis (fore and aft)

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Maximum Weighted Root-Mean-Square Acceleration Level

Notation Frequency Range

Acceleration Measurement

Maximum RMS Level Accommodation

Areas Work Spaces

HAB 1 - 80 Hz aw 178 mm/s2 (5.0 mm/s)

214 mm/s2 (6.0 mm/s)

HAB+ 1 - 80 Hz aw 143 mm/s2 (4.0 mm/s)

178 mm/s2 (5.0 mm/s)

HAB++ 1 - 80 Hz aw 107 mm/s2 (3.0 mm/s)

143 mm/s2 (4.0 mm/s)

6 Test Plan As stated in 1/7.3.1, “Test Plans”, a Test Plan shall be developed to serve as the principal means for verifying the measurements to be performed to verify compliance with whole-body vibration criteria. The Test Plan shall include the following:

6.1 Documentation

The Test Plan shall include appropriate drawings indicating the location of all vibration sources.

6.2 Test Personnel

The Test Plan shall provide information about the Testing Specialist who will be conducting the test and their approval and certification in accordance with Appendix 2, “Procedural Requirements for ABS Recognized Ambient Environmental Testing Specialists”.

6.3 Test Conditions

The Test Plan shall detail the conditions under which the tests will be performed.

6.4 Measurement Locations (1 February 2016)

The Test Plan shall document, in detail, on appropriate drawings, all spaces where measurements will be taken.

In addition, transducer placement positions shall be indicated. Details on selecting measurement locations and determining transducer placement positions are provided in 3/7.4, “Measurement Locations”.

6.5 Data Acquisition and Instruments

The Test Plan shall provide information regarding the methods and instrumentation to be used for measurement and data collection. Instrumentation specification details shall include type of instruments to be used, accuracy, calibration, sensitivity, conformance with ISO 8041, and frequency range. More details on data acquisition and instruments are provided in 3/7.2, “Data Acquisition and Instruments”.

6.6 Data Analysis

The Test Plan shall provide information regarding the methods, software, and instrumentation to be used for data analysis.

6.7 Test Schedule (1 February 2016)

The Test Plan shall provide information regarding the proposed test schedule. The Test schedule shall include information on the approximate date and duration of testing (including a summary of the scheduled measurements per day).

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6.8 Data Collection Sheets (1 February 2016)

The Test Plan shall provide sample data sheets (in table format) that will be used for reporting the measurement data.

6.9 Conflict of Interest Declaration (1 February 2016)

In the case that the Testing Specialist has, in any capacity or to any extent, provided input into the design of the vessel, their participation shall be indicated in the Test Plan including details of the Testing Specialist’s involvement. ABS will review any potential conflicts of interest and determine if any further action is necessary.

7 Test Requirements

7.1 General (1 February 2016)

Whole-body vibration measurements shall be in accordance with the procedures described in ISO 6954.

When the requirements or procedures described in this Guide deviate from those mentioned in ISO 6954, this Guide shall take precedence.

7.2 Data Acquisition and Instruments

For the HAB, HAB+, or HAB++ notation, a sample of data shall be recorded for each whole-body vibration measurement position. Each whole-body vibration measurement sample shall be at least sixty (60) seconds in duration. For each location measured, a data sample shall be taken in accordance with the requirements of 3/7.3, “Test Conditions”.

The above measurement samples shall all be taken using the appropriate Type 1 instrumentation (ISO 8041), then frequency weighted and analyzed in accordance with ISO 6954. It is desirable to employ equipment that records and stores acceleration time histories.

7.3 Test Conditions

The test conditions required for the whole-body vibration measurements shall be in accordance with each of the following Subparagraphs.

7.3.1 Power Output

The propulsion machinery shall run at 80% of the maximum continuous rating (MCR). Controllable pitch and Voith-Schneider propellers, if any, shall be in the normal seagoing position. For ships with special propulsion and power configurations, such as diesel-electric systems, the actual ship’s design or operating parameters as defined in the ship’s specifications (i.e., contractual service conditions) will be used.

7.3.2 Machinery and…