Attachment_38 _CDP_Heat_and_Cold_Stress_Plan.pdf

U.S. Department of Homeland Security Federal Emergency Management Agency Center for Domestic Preparedness

CDP Heat and Cold Stress Plan

CDP 5302.2

(April 2011)

Contract Use Only

Table of Contents

Overview

Annex A – CDP Heat and Cold Stress Plan (Students)

Appendix A WBGT Category and PPE Downgrade Chart

Appendix B Heat Exposure Record

Appendix C Cold Exposure Record

Appendix D Apparent Wind Chill Chart

Annex B – CDP Heat and Cold Stress Plan (Employees)

Appendix A Work, Rest and Water Consumption Table

Appendix B Apparent Wind Chill Chart

Overview

1. Objective. The Center for Domestic Preparedness (CDP) Heat and Cold Stress Plan has been created and implemented to minimize the occurrence of extreme heat and/or cold temperature related injuries and illnesses to students, employees, and visitors.

2. Scope. This plan applies to students participating in CDP delivered training, and all CDP employees working within the CDP enclave. This plan may also be used during mobile training in conjunction with the host jurisdiction’s heat and cold stress plan.

3. Terms and Definitions

a. Acclimization – the physiological changes that the body undergoes in order to adjust to the hotter than normal environmental conditions. Heat acclimization occurs with substantial adaptation after eight days with as little as two hours a day of exposure.

b. Dry Bulb (DB) Temperature - measured by a thermal sensor, such as an ordinary mercury-in-glass thermometer, that is shielded from direct radiant energy sources.

c. Engineering Controls – mechanical or non-mechanical use of equipment to alter the work/training environment.

d. Evaporative Cooling - takes place when sweat evaporates from the skin. High humidity reduces the rate of evaporation and thus reduces the effectiveness of the body's primary cooling mechanism.

e. Facility – locations that are occupied and/or operated by the CDP, for which the CDP has responsibility to ensure the protection and safety of personnel, contractors, visitors and property.

f. Heat - a measure of energy in terms of quantity.

g. Metabolic Heat - a by-product of the body's activity.

h. Natural Wet Bulb Temperature (NWB) - measured by exposing a wet sensor, such as a wet cotton wick fitted over the bulb of a thermometer, to the effects of evaporation and convection. The term natural refers to the movement of air around the sensor.

i. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – specialized clothing or equipment worn by an individual for protection from a possible or known hazard.

j. Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) – refers to the temperature at which water evaporates into the air (at a particular dry bulb temperature) once equilibrium between water and air has occurred.

The WBGT is used to measure the possible evaporation in natural ventilation conditions. The WBGT is calculated using a formula that takes into account air temperature, speed of air movement, radiant heat from hot objects, sunshine and body cooling due to sweat evaporation.

4. Responsibilities

a. Medical Personnel

(1) Ensure students are evaluated to determine fitness for training in hot and cold weather environments.

(2) Provide entry and exit monitoring to staff and students at training exercises and work assignments where PPE is worn. Monitoring will include but not be limited to the following: blood pressure, pulse, respiration, and a check for pinpoint pupils. Exclusionary criteria for PPE levels A-C consists of: Blood Pressure > 150/90, Pulse Rate > 100, Respiration > 20, or at the discretion of the on-site physician, physician assistant, or federal occupational health nurse

(FOHN)..

(3) Provide emergency medical care when needed.

b. Safety Officer

(1) Provide technical and regulatory guidance relative to heat and cold stress monitoring.

(2) Monitor wet bulb globe temperature device.

(3) Provide and/or assist in characterizing environmental data such as: temperature, wet bulb globe temperature, dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind chill calculation, and workload classification(s).

(4) Manage an awareness training program to inform personnel of the elements of this plan.

c. Program Managers and Supervisors

(1) Ensure that all employees follow directions for heat and cold stress monitoring protocols.

(2) Ensure that employees have access to and receive initial and annual medical evaluations if so required by their job functions.

(3) Ensure that all personnel have received awareness training before working in environments where they may encounter heat or cold stresses.

(4) Provide accurate verbal and written instructions about heat and cold stress injuries and illnesses.

(5) Encourage drinking of small volumes of cool, potable water approximately every 20 minutes, as possible, during warm weather outdoor activities.

(6) Permit self-limitation of exposure and encourage co-worker observation to detect heat or cold stress signs and symptoms.

(7) Encourage healthy life-styles, ideal body weight, and electrolyte balance.

(8) Adjust expectations of those returning to work after absence from heat or cold exposure situations.

d. Employees

(1) Monitor themselves for signs and symptoms of heat or cold stresses.

(2) Exit the training or work site area in accordance with approved procedures when necessitated by signs and/or symptoms of heat or cold stresses.

(3) Monitor students and other staff for signs and symptoms of heat or cold stress.

(4) Assist individuals exhibiting signs and/or symptoms of heat or cold stresses to exit the training or work site area in accordance with approved procedures.

(5) Remain hydrated and encourage other personnel to properly re-hydrate.

(6) Dress appropriately for hot and cold environments.

Note: Government and contractor(s) may designate appropriate dress and provide that to their employees if needed.

e. Students

(1) Complete and return medical questionnaire.

(2) Ensure to monitor themselves for signs and symptoms of heat or cold stress.

(3) Exit the training or work site area in accordance with approved procedures when necessitated by signs and/or symptoms of heat or cold stress.

(4) Properly re-hydrate before, during, and after training.

5. Engineering Controls

Engineering controls shall be used whenever available and applicable to aid in the reduction of extreme hot or cold work/training environments.

Below is a list of various engineering controls to be used:

a. General ventilation.

b. Air conditioning.

c. Localized air cooling (rehab rooms/areas).

d. Misting fans.

e. Portable heaters.

f. Use of tents, awnings, and other structures to provide shade from direct sun exposure and/or shelter from wind.

6. Administrative Controls

a. Management will provide awareness level training to include the following topics to employees that may be exposed to hot or cold environments while performing their job functions:

(1) Knowledge of the hazards of heat and cold stress.

(2) Recognition of predisposing factors, danger signs, and

(3) Awareness of first-aid procedures for and the potential health effects of heat stroke.

(4) Employee responsibilities in avoiding heat and cold stress.

(5) Dangers of using drugs, including therapeutic ones, and alcohol in hot work environments.

(6) Use of protective clothing and equipment.

(7) Purpose and coverage of environmental and medical surveillance programs and the advantages of worker participation in such programs.

b. Management may also use one or more of the below listed actions to reduce the exposure to extreme hot or cold environments:

(1) Alter work/training shifts.

(2) Job rotation.

(3) Assign extra workers and limit worker occupancy, or the number of workers present, especially in confined or enclosed spaces.

(4) Provide additional scheduled rest periods with water breaks.

7. Auxiliary Body Cooling/Heating

The following items may be used to further protect students, employees, and visitors from the effects of extreme hot or cold environments:

a. Ice vests.

b. Wetted clothing.

c. Hats and other head coverings.

d. Thermal undergarments.

e. Insulated boots and clothing.

f. Gloves.

8. Heat Stress

Effects of Heat a Heat Collapse (Fainting) - the brain does not receive enough oxygen because blood pools in the extremities. As a result, the exposed individual may lose consciousness. This reaction is similar to that of heat exhaustion and does not affect the body's heat balance; however, the onset of heat collapse is rapid and unpredictable. To prevent heat collapse, the individual should gradually become acclimatized to the hot environment.

b Heat Cramps - are usually caused by performing hard physical labor in a hot environment. These cramps have been attributed to an electrolyte imbalance caused by sweating. It is important to understand that cramps can be caused by both too much and too little salt. Because sweat is a hypotonic solution (±0.3% NaCl), excess salt can build up in the body if the water lost through sweating is not replaced. Thirst cannot be relied upon as a guide to the need for water. Water should be consumed every 15 to 20 minutes in hot environments.

Under extreme conditions, such as working for six to eight hours in heavy protective gear, a loss of sodium may occur.

c Heat Exhaustion - heat exhaustion should not be dismissed lightly for several reasons. One is that the fainting associated with heat exhaustion can be dangerous because the victim may be operating machinery or controlling an operation that should not be left unattended; moreover, the victim may be injured when he or she faints.

(1) Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion are headache, nausea, muscle cramps, vertigo, weakness, thirst, and giddiness. The signs and symptoms observed with heat exhaustion are similar to those of heat stroke and should be considered a medical emergency.

(2) Treatment

Individuals suffering from heat exhaustion should be removed from the hot environment and given fluid replacement. They should also be encouraged to get adequate rest.

d Heat Fatigue - a factor that predisposes an individual to heat fatigue is lack of acclimatization. The use of a program of acclimatization and training for work/training in hot environments is advisable.

The signs and symptoms of heat fatigue include impaired performance of skilled sensorimotor, mental, or vigilance tasks.

There is no treatment for heat fatigue except to remove the heat stress before a more serious heat-related condition develops.

e Heat Rashes - are the most common problem in hot work environments.

Prickly heat is manifested as red papules and usually appears in areas where the clothing is restrictive. As sweating increases, these papules give rise to a prickling sensation. Prickly heat occurs in skin that is persistently wetted by unevaporated sweat, and heat rash papules may become infected if they are not treated.

In most cases, heat rashes will disappear when the affected individual returns to a cool environment.

f Heat Stroke - occurs when the body's system of temperature regulation fails and body temperature rises to critical levels. This condition is caused by a combination of highly variable factors and its occurrence is difficult to predict. Heat stroke is a medical emergency.

The primary signs and symptoms of heat stroke are confusion, irrational behavior, loss of consciousness, convulsions, a lack of sweating (usually), hot, dry skin, and an abnormally high body temperature, e.g., a rectal temperature of 41 °C (105.8 °F). If body temperature is too high, it causes death. The elevated metabolic temperatures caused by a combination of work load and environmental heat load, both of which contribute to heat stroke, are also highly variable and difficult to predict.

If an individual shows signs of possible heat stroke, medical treatment should be obtained immediately. The individual should be placed in a shady area and the outer clothing should be removed. The individual’s skin should be saturated with water and air movement around the individual should be increased to improve evaporative cooling until professional methods of cooling are initiated and the seriousness of the condition can be assessed. Fluids should be replaced as soon as possible. The medical outcome of an episode of heat stroke depends on the victim's physical fitness and the timing and effectiveness of first aid treatment.

Regardless of the individual’s protests, no one suspected of being ill from heat stroke should be sent home or left unattended unless a physician has specifically approved such an order.

9. Cold Stress

a. The following are environmental conditions that may cause cold related stress, injury, and illness:

(1) Low temperatures.

(2) High velocity, cool temperature winds.

(3) Dampness.

(4) Cold water.

b. The following are considered major risk factors for cold related stress, injury, and illness:

(1) Wearing inadequate or wet clothing.

(2) Consumption of certain drugs or medications such as alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, or medication that inhibits the body’s response to the cold or impairs judgment.

(3) Having a cold or certain diseases, such as diabetes, heart, vascular, and thyroid problems.

(4) Becoming physically exhausted or immobilized.

(5) Age.

c. Effects of Cold

(1) Frostbite - occurs when the skin tissue actually freezes, causing ice crystals to form between cells and draw water from them, which leads to cellular dehydration. Although this typically occurs at temperatures below 30 °F (-1 °C), wind chill effects can cause frostbite at above freezing temperatures.

(a) Symptoms

Initial effects of frostbite include uncomfortable sensations of coldness, tingling, stinging, or aching feeling of the exposed area followed by numbness.

Ears, fingers, toes, cheeks, and noses are primarily affected. Frostbitten areas appear white and cold to the touch. The appearance of frostbite varies, depending on whether rewarming has occurred.

Deeper frostbite involves freezing of deeper tissues (muscles, tendons, etc.) causing exposed areas to become numb, painless, hard to the touch.

(b) Treatment

If frostbite is suspected, seek medical assistance immediately. Any existing hypothermia should be treated first (See Hypothermia below). Frostbitten parts should be covered with dry, sterile gauze or soft, clean cloth bandages. Do not massage frostbitten tissue because this sometimes causes greater injury.

Severe cases may require hospitalization and even amputation of affected tissue. Take measures to prevent further cold injury. If formal medical treatment will be delayed, consult with a licensed health care professional for training on rewarming techniques.

(2) General Hypothermia - occurs when body temperature falls to a level where normal muscular and cerebral functions are impaired. While hypothermia is generally associated with freezing temperatures, it may occur in any climate where a person's body temperature falls below normal. For instance, hypothermia is common among the elderly who live in cold houses.

(a) Symptoms

The first symptoms of hypothermia - shivering, an inability to do complex motor functions, lethargy, and mild confusion may occur as the core body temperature decreases to around 95 °F (35 °C).

As body temperature continues to fall, hypothermia becomes more severe. The individual falls into a state of dazed consciousness, failing to complete even simple motor functions. The victim's speech becomes slurred and his or her behavior may become irrational.

The most severe state of hypothermia occurs when body temperature falls below 90 °F (32 °C). As a result, the body moves into a state of hibernation, slowing the heart rate, blood flow, and breathing.

Unconsciousness and full heart failure can occur in the severely hypothermic state.

(b) Treatment

Treatment of hypothermia involves conserving the victim's remaining body heat and providing additional heat sources. Specific measures will vary depending upon the severity and setting (field or hospital).

Hypothermic individuals should be handled very carefully because of the increased irritability of the cold heart. Seek medical assistance for individuals suspected of being moderately or severely hypothermic.

If the person is unresponsive and not shivering, assume he or she is suffering from severe hypothermia. Reduction of heat loss can be accomplished by various means: obtaining shelter, removal of wet clothing, adding layers of dry clothing, blankets, or using a pre-warmed sleeping bag.

For mildly hypothermic cases or for those more severe cases where medical treatment will be significantly delayed, external rewarming techniques may be applied. This includes body-to-body contact (e.g., placing the person in a prewarmed sleeping bag with a person of normal body temperature), chemical heat packs, or insulated hot water bottles. Effective areas to place these packs are the armpits, neck, chest, and groin. It is best to have the person lying down when applying external rewarming. You also may give mildly hypothermic individuals warm fluids orally, but avoid beverages containing alcohol or caffeine.

(3) Trench Foot - is caused by long, continuous exposure to a wet, cold environment, or actual immersion in water.

(a) Symptoms

Symptoms include a tingling and/or itching sensation, burning, pain, and swelling, sometimes forming blisters in more extreme cases.

(b) Treatment

Move individuals with trench foot to a warm, dry area, where the affected tissue can be treated with careful washing and drying, rewarming and slight elevation.

Seek medical assistance as soon as possible.

Annex A CDP Heat and Cold Stress Plan (Students)

1. Objective. The objective of the Center for Domestic Preparedness (CDP) Heat and Cold Stress Plan is to minimize the occurrence of extreme heat or cold related injuries or illnesses for students participating in resident training. This plan was created based on the key assumption that students attending resident training are not acclimated to the surrounding environment and climate. The plan was also created with a “worst case scenario” in mind regarding student(s) overall physical fitness levels.

2. Procedures

a. Wet Bulb Device

(1) The WBGT device will be placed in close proximity to the outdoor training area(s) when the ambient air temperature is measured to be, or predicted to be, equal to or greater than 70 °F.

(2) The on-site safety officer, or his/her designee, will obtain a

WBGT reading at least once every hour until the ambient air temperature reaches 80 °F. Once the ambient air temperature reaches 80 °F, a WBGT reading will be taken every 30 minutes.

(3) The on-site safety officer, or his/her designee, will record the

WBGT reading on the Heat Exposure Record (Appendix B).

(4) The on-site safety officer, or his/her designee, will compare the WBGT reading with the WBGT Category and PPE Downgrade Chart (Appendix A) to determine which heat category the training environment shall be classified as.

(5) For Heat Category 4 (WBGT Reading > 90 °F) the following procedures apply:

(a) WBGT Reading > 90 °F

If a WBGT reading of > 90 °F is observed, the safety officer, or his/her designee, will closely monitor the wet bulb device and take a WBGT reading every five minutes for the next 15 minutes. If a WBGT reading of > 90 °F is observed for two of the three readings during this time period, the safety officer will immediately notify the appropriate operations officer for a decision to cease outdoor training as called for on the WBGT Category and PPE Downgrade Chart (Appendix A).

(6) Once the heat category has been determined, the safety officer, or his/her designee, will then implement the designated PPE downgrades for that category at the next available break in training (i.e., class rotation, group movement, break-out session).

(7) The safety officer, or his/her designee, will note the heat category change and the subsequent PPE downgrade in the Heat Exposure Record (Appendix B).

(8) The safety officer, or his/her designee, will immediately notify the appropriate operations officer of a heat category change or PPE downgrade.

Note: The safety officer at any time can implement the next higher level PPE downgrade if he/she notices an evident change in the students’ physical characteristics or a drastic change in the training environment.

b. Heat Stress Situation. Any time an individual feels he/she is experiencing possible signs or symptoms of heat stress, the medical staff shall be notified and the individual shall be evaluated to determine necessary treatment. In addition, anytime a member of the CDP staff recognizes that an individual is exhibiting signs or symptoms of heat stress, the medical staff shall be notified and the individual shall be evaluated to determine necessary treatment.

(1) An individual is considered heat stressed if they meet the following criterion:

(a) Sustained (several minutes) heart rate is in excess of 180 Beats Per Minute (bpm) minus the individual’s age in years (180 – age) for individuals with assessed normal cardiac performance; and/or

(b) Body core temperature (esophageal or rectal) is greater than 101.3 °F (38.5 °C) for medically selected and acclimatized staff; or greater than 100.4 °F (38 °C) in unselected, unacclimatized staff and students;

and/or

(c) Recovery heart rate at one minute after a peak work effort is greater than 110 bpm; and/or

(d) There are symptoms of sudden and severe fatigue, nausea, dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion, shortness of breath, or feeling overheated.

(2) Individuals reaching the heat stress criterion will sit and rest for five minutes. If the individual’s heart rate returns to a level below the heart rate criterion at the end of five minutes, the individual may resume training. If the individual’s heart rate is still at or above the criterion level, the individual should exit the training area for rest, rehydration, and cooling.

(3) Individuals feeling heat related symptoms or exhibiting any heat related signs shall immediately exit the heat stressful environment.

(4) When an individual suffering from heat stress finds it necessary to leave the training environment, the medical staff shall be notified to monitor the individual.

(5) If the heat stressed individual is so impaired as to having difficulty walking without assistance, this should be viewed as a medical emergency.

c. Cold Stress Guidelines

(1) General Procedures

(a) When the ambient air temperature reaches 45 °F, the safety officer, or his/her designee, will begin recording wind chill readings every 60 minutes on the Cold Exposure Record (Appendix C).

(b) When the ambient air temperature reaches 32 °F, the safety officer, or his/her designee, will begin monitoring the ambient air temperature every five minutes for a duration of 15 minutes. If the ambient air temperature remains equal to or less than 32 °F for a duration of 15 minutes, the safety officer will cease the use of water for training related purposes.

(c) Wind Chill of 35 °F:

1. Students will be required to wear sweat suits or appropriate clothing under their PPE when training outdoors.

2. Students participating in outdoor training will doff their PPE indoors.

(d) Wind Chill of 0 °F:

When a wind chill reading of 0 °F is observed, the safety officer, or his/her designee, will record a wind chill reading every five minutes for a duration of 15 minutes. If the measured wind chill remains equal to or less than 0 °F for duration of 15 minutes, all outdoor training, at that site, will be moved indoors if accessible. If indoor training is not accessible, outdoor training will continue until the next cold stress trigger point is reached.

(e) Wind Chill of -15 °F:

When a wind chill reading of -15 °F is observed, the safety officer, or his/her designee, will record a wind chill reading every five minutes for a duration of 15 minutes. If the measured wind chill remains equal to or less than -15 °F for the duration of 15 minutes, all outdoor training, at that site, shall be cancelled.

(2) Additional Precautions. Once a training environment has been classified as a cold training environment, the on-site safety officer and the instructional staff shall do the following:

(a) Remind students of the signs and symptoms of cold stress.

(b) Try to limit students’ exposure to the cold as much as possible.

(c) Ensure students are dressed appropriately for the training environment.

(d) Monitor students for signs and symptoms of cold stress.

(e) Monitor themselves, and co-workers, for signs and symptoms of cold stress.

(f) Remove individuals from the training environment that are exhibiting signs or symptoms of cold stress.

(g) Immediately notify medical staff of any individual exhibiting signs or symptoms of cold stress.

(h) Assist individuals exhibiting signs or symptoms of cold stress out of the cold training environment and maintain contact until medical personnel arrive.

(i) Immediately notify the appropriate operations officer of all cold stress situations.

CDP Heat Stress Plan (Students) Appendix A WBGT Category and PPE Downgrade Chart

*Note: This chart is to be used for resident training only*

PPE

WBGT

Level A

Level B

Level C

Level D

Category 1

( 82° - 85.9° )

Mandatory use of ice vest.

Mandatory use of cool-down area.

Mandatory use

Mandatory use

N/A

Category 2

( 86°- 87.9° )

Unzip outer garments.

• SCBA or

APR on

• Gloves on

• Boots on

• Suit @ waist

• APR on

• Gloves on

N/A

Category 3

( 88°- 89.9° )

• Gloves on

• Gloves on

• APR on

• Gloves on

Category 4

( > 90° )

Move Training Inside.

* Negative pressure respirator (if PAPR – may continue to wear)

* LANX jacket will be unzipped and hood down @ an ambient 70°F

Appendix B Heat Exposure Record

OUTDOOR TRAINING - HEAT EXPOSURE RECORD

COURSE: ______________________ DATE: __________________________

LOCATION: ______________________________________________________

SAFETY OFFICER: ________________________________________________

Time Ambient / Dry Bulb Temperature

PPE Category / WGBT Reading

Training Activity

Initials

Appendix C Cold Exposure Record

OUTDOOR TRAINING – COLD STRESS RECORD

COURSE: ______________________ DATE: __________________________

LOCATION: ______________________________________________________

SAFETY OFFICER: ________________________________________________

Time Ambient Temperature

PPE Category / Wind Chill Reading

Training Activity

Initials

Appendix D

Apparent Wind Chill Chart (F°)

FF

Annex B CDP Heat and Cold Stress Plan (Employees)

1. Objective. The Center for Domestic Preparedness (CDP) Heat and Cold Stress Plan for employees has been created and implemented to minimize the occurrence of heat and cold stress related injuries and illnesses. CDP employees working within the CDP enclave shall be considered to be fully acclimated to the surrounding environment and climate.

Employees participating in mobile training will be considered to be non-acclimated to their surrounding environment and climate and should pay close attention to themselves and their co-workers for signs and symptoms of heat or cold stress.

2. Procedures

a. Training

Management will provide awareness level training covering the following topics to employees that may be exposed to hot or cold environments while performing their job functions:

(1) Knowledge of the hazards of heat and cold stress.

(2) Recognition of predisposing factors, danger signs, and

(3) Awareness of first-aid procedures for and the potential health effects of heat stroke.

(4) Employee responsibilities in avoiding heat and cold stress.

(5) Dangers of using drugs, including therapeutic ones, and alcohol in hot work environments.

(6) Use of protective clothing and equipment.

(7) Purpose and coverage of environmental and medical surveillance programs and the advantages of worker participation in such programs.

b. Hot Environment (80 °F or greater)

CDP employees working in a hot environment should do the following:

(1) Dress appropriately for the work to be done.

(2) Cover up as much as possible if working in direct sunlight.

(3) Use sunscreen as necessary.

(4) Wear a hat.

(5) Wear UV-absorbent sunglasses.

(6) Limit exposure as much as possible.

(7) Follow the guidelines outlined within the Work, Rest and

Water Consumption Table (Appendix A).

(8) Monitor themselves, co-workers, students, and visitors for signs and symptoms of heat stress.

(9) Notify their supervisor or co-worker immediately if experiencing any of the signs or symptoms of heat stress or heat related conditions.

(10) Assist others as necessary who are exhibiting signs or symptoms of heat stress.

c. Cold Environment (Wind Chill of 20 °F or less) (See Appendix B)

CDP employees working in a cold environment should do the following:

(1) Dress appropriately for the work to be done.

(2) Cover up as much as possible if directly exposed to the wind.

(3) Wear a form of head covering (hat, hood, toboggan).

(4) Limit exposure as much as possible.

(5) Monitor themselves, co-workers, students, and visitors for signs and symptoms of cold stress.

(6) Notify their supervisor or co-worker immediately if experiencing any of the signs or symptoms of cold stress or cold related conditions.

(7) Assist others as necessary that are exhibiting signs or symptoms of cold stress.

Appendix A

Work, Rest and Water Consumption Table

*Note: This table applies to heat acclimated, average sized employees.

Easy Work Moderate Work Hard Work

• Stationary Course Instruction /

Lecture

• Course Evaluation

• Student Transportation

• Painting

• Sweeping

• Pulling Weeds

• Food Transport

• Hands – On Course Instruction (Sustained)

• Light Weight Logistics Support (Less than 25 lbs.)

• Cutting Grass (Riding)

• Heavy Logistics Support (Greater than 25 lbs.)

• Weed Eating (Sustained)

• Shoveling (Sustained)

• Cutting Grass (Push Mower)

Heat Category

WBGT

Index, F°

Easy Work

Moderate Work

Hard Work

Work / Rest

Water Intake (Qt / H)

(Qt / H)

(Qt / H)

1 78° - 81.9° Not Limited 1/2 Not Limited 3/4 40 / 20 min 3/4

2 82° - 84.9° Not Limited 1/2 50 / 10 min 3/4 30 / 30 min 1

3 85° - 87.9° Not Limited 3/4 40 / 20 min 3/4 30 / 30 min 1

4 88°- 89.9° Not Limited 3/4 30 / 30 min 3/4 20 / 40 min 1

5 > 90° 50 / 10 min 1 20 / 40 min 1 10 / 50 min 1

Appendix B

Apparent Wind Chill Chart (F°)

FF