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Tinker AFB, OK TAFB Technical Specifications 2019

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SECTION 31 00 00

EARTHWORK

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only. Unless specifically noted, the current edition of the reference will be used.

1.1.1 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM C 136 Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates

ASTM D 422 Particle-Size Analysis of Soils

ASTM D 698 Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of

Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/cu. ft. (600 kN-m/cu. m.))

ASTM D 1140 Amount of Material in Soils Finer than the No. 200 (75-micrometer) Sieve

ASTM D 1556 Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sand-Cone Method

ASTM D 2487 Classification of Soils for Engineering

Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)

ASTM D 4318 Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and

Plasticity Index of Soils

ASTM D 5195 Density of Soil and Rock In-Place at Depths Below the Surface by Nuclear Methods

1.1.2 OKLAHOMA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (ODOT)

ODOT SSHC Standard Specification for Highway Construction (SSHC)

1.2 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 Satisfactory Materials

Satisfactory materials shall comprise any materials classified by ASTM D 2487 as GW, GP, SW, SP, ML and CL. Satisfactory materials

April 2019 Page 2 Section 31 00 00 for grading shall be comprised of stones less than eight inches;

except for fill material for pavements and railroads which shall be comprised of stones less than 3 inches in any dimension.

1.2.2 Unsatisfactory Materials

Unsatisfactory materials shall comprise any materials classified by ASTM D 2487 as PT, OH, MH, CH, and OL. Unsatisfactory materials also include man-made fills; trash; refuse; backfills from previous construction; and material classified as satisfactory which contains root and other organic matter or frozen material. The Contracting Officer shall be notified of any contaminated materials.

1.2.3 Cohesionless and Cohesive Materials

Cohesionless materials include materials classified in ASTM D 2487 as GW, GP, SW, and SP. Cohesive materials include materials classified as CL. Materials classified as GM and SM will be identified as cohesionless only when the fines are non-plastic.

Testing required for classifying materials shall be in accordance with ASTM D 4318, ASTM C 136, ASTM D 422, and ASTM D 1140.

1.2.4 Determination of Density

Moisture-density relations: ASTM D 698. In-place field density:

ASTM D 5195 or ASTM D 1556.

1.2.5 Borrow

Select borrow material to meet requirements and conditions of the particular fill for which it is to be used. Material suitable for borrow shall be obtained from offsite areas selected by the Contractor.

1.3 CLASSIFICATION OF EXCAVATION

No consideration will be given to the nature of the materials, and all excavation will be designated as unclassified excavation.

1.4 BLASTING

Blasting will not be permitted.

1.5 UTILIZATION OF EXCAVATED MATERIALS

Unsatisfactory materials removed from excavations shall be disposed of in designated waste disposal or spoil areas.

Satisfactory material removed from excavations shall be used, insofar as practicable, in the construction of fills, embankments, subgrades, shoulders, bedding (as backfill), and for similar purposes. No satisfactory excavated material shall be

April 2019 Page 3 Section 31 00 00 wasted without specific written authorization. Satisfactory materials, which are authorized to be wasted, shall be disposed of in designated areas approved for surplus material storage or designated waste areas as directed. Coarse rock from excavations shall be stockpiled and used for constructing slopes or embankments adjacent to streams, or sides and bottoms of channels, and for protecting against erosion. No excavated material shall be disposed of to obstruct the flow of any stream, endanger a partly finished structure, impair the efficiency or appearance of any structure, or be detrimental to the completed work in any way.

Part 2 PRODUCTS (NOT APPLICABLE)

Part 3 EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL EXCAVATION

After all stripping has been completed; the Contractor shall perform excavation of every type of material encountered within the limits of the project to the lines, grades, and elevations indicated and as specified. Satisfactory excavated materials shall be transported to and placed in fill or embankment within the limits of the work. Unsatisfactory materials encountered within the limits of the work shall be excavated below grade and replaced with satisfactory materials and compacted as called for in Paragraph 3.7, COMPACTION, as directed. Such excavated material and the satisfactory material ordered as replacement shall be included in excavation. Surplus satisfactory excavated material not required for fill or embankment shall be disposed of in areas approved for surplus material storage or designated waste areas. Unsatisfactory excavated material shall be disposed of in designated waste or spoil areas. During construction, excavation and fill shall be performed in a manner and sequence that will provide proper drainage at all times. Material required for fill or embankment in excess of that produced by excavation within the grading limits shall be excavated from the borrow areas indicated or from other approved areas selected by the Contractor as specified. Excavated areas shall be shored as required by OSHA.

3.2 DITCHES, GUTTERS, and CHANNEL CHANGES

Cut ditches, gutters, and channel changes accurately to the cross sections and grades indicated. Trim, dress, or remove all roots, stumps, rock, and foreign matter in the sides and bottom of ditches, gutters, and channel changes to conform to the slope, grade, and shape of the section indicated. Do not excavate ditches and gutters below the grades indicated. Backfill excessive ditch and gutter excavation to grade either with satisfactory, thoroughly compacted material or with suitable stone or cobble to form an adequate gutter paving as directed.

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Maintain all ditches and gutters excavated under this section until final acceptance of the work. Place satisfactory material excavated from ditches or channel changes in fill areas. Dispose of unsatisfactory and excess excavated material off base.

3.3 OPENING AND DRAINAGE OF EXCAVATION AND BORROW PITS

Except as otherwise permitted, borrow pits and other excavation areas shall be excavated providing adequate drainage. Overburden and other spoil material shall be transported to designated spoil areas or otherwise disposed of as directed. Borrow pits shall be neatly trimmed and drained after the excavation is completed. The Contractor shall ensure that excavations of any area, operation of borrow pits, or dumping of spoils material results in minimum detrimental effects on natural environmental conditions.

3.4 GRADING AREAS

Where indicated, work will be divided into grading areas within which satisfactory excavated material shall be placed in embankments, fills, and required backfills. The Contractor shall not haul satisfactory material excavated in one grading area to another grading area except when so directed in writing by the Contracting Officer.

3.5 PREPARATION OF GROUND SURFACE FOR FILL

Strip or remove all vegetation such as roots, brush, heavy sods, heavy growth of grass, and al1 decayed vegetable matter, rubbish and other objectionable material within the area upon which fill is to be placed before the fil1 is started. If required by the Contracting Officer, perform a Test Rolling of the excavation site in accordance with ODOT SSHC, Section 203. Plow, step, bench, or break up sloped ground surfaces steeper than one vertical to four horizontal on which fill is to be placed, in such a manner that the fill material will bond with the existing soil. Prepare surfaces on which compacted fill will be placed as required to obtain the compaction specified.

3.6 FILLS AND EMBANKMENTS

Construct fills and embankments at the locations and to the lines and grades indicated. Use only suitable material that has been removed from the excavation, in forming the fill. Use satisfactory material reasonably free from roots, other organic material, trash, and from stones having a maximum diameter greater than six inches. No frozen material will be permitted in the fill. Stones having larger than a four inch diameter are not permitted in the upper six inches of fill or embankment. Place the material in successive horizontal layers to compact to six inch lifts for the full width of the cross section and compact as required. Compact each layer before the overlying lift is placed.

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Scarify between each lift so material will bond. The material should be moistened or aerated to bring the moisture content to within plus or minus two percent of optimum.

3.7 COMPACTION

Compact each layer of the fill or embankment to at least 90 percent for cohesive materials and 95 percent for cohesionless materials, of maximum laboratory density.

3.8 FINISHING EXCAVATION, FILLS AND EMBANKMENTS

Smooth grade all areas covered by the project, including excavated and fill sections and adjacent transition areas.

Provide a finished surface reasonably smooth, compacted and free from irregular surface changes. The degree of finish required is that ordinarily obtainable from blade grader operations. Finish surface of areas to be turfed to smoothness suitable for the application of turfed materials. Finish surface not more than two inches above or below the established grade or approved cross section.

3.9 PROTECTION

Protect newly graded areas from traffic and erosion. Repair any settlement or washing away that may occur from any cause, prior to acceptance, and reestablish grade to the required elevations and slopes. Conduct all work in accordance with the environmental protection requirements of the contract.

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