15080_en.doc

SECTION 15080

INSULATION FOR MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1

APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by the basic designation only.

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Code:

No. 255-1984 Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

Italian Law 30 April 1976 - No. 373:

"Standards for Energy Consumption in Buildings for Thermal Use." As modified by Law 10/91 and by DPR 4/2/93.

Italian National Institute for the Unification of Standards (UNI) Publications:

UNI 6823

(1998) Mineral Wool Products for Thermal and Acoustical Insulation - Determination of Non-Fibrous Material Content - Floatation Method.

1.2 RELATED REQUIREMENTS

The provisions of Section 15050, “Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods”, apply to this section.

1.3

MECHANICAL SYSTEMS INSULATION

Provide insulation for mechanical systems. Mechanical systems shall include plumbing, HVAC (heating, ventilating, and cooling) ductwork, equipment, and piping which is located within buildings, on buildings, and adjacent to buildings. Clean, inspect and test mechanical system and obtain written approvals (of test and inspections) from the Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative prior to the application of insulation. Section 15050, "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods," applies to this section, with the additions and modifications specified herein.

1.4

SUBMITTALS

1.4.1 Manufacturer's Data

a.

Pipes insulation b.

Ducts insulation c.

Equipment insulation d.

Jackets e.

Aluminum jackets

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1

INSULATION MATERIALS

Products containing asbestos will not be permitted.

2.2

DUCT INSULATION

Provide insulation with fire-retardant vapor barrier jacket (laminate kraft paper and aluminum foil reinforced with fibrous glass yarn).

2.2.1 Blanket Type Duct Insulation

Fibrous glass insulation, minimum density of 16 kg/m3, minimum of 50 mm thick. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.040 W/moC at 24oC.

2.2.2 Rigid Type Duct Insulation

Fibrous glass insulation, minimum density of 48 kg/m3, minimum of 50 mm thick. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.033 W/moC at 24oC.

2.3

PUMP INSULATION

2.3.1 Cellular Glass Insulation

Minimum of 50 mm thick. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.06 W/moC at 94oC.

2.3.2 Fibrous Glass Insulation

Minimum density of 96 kg/m3, minimum of 50 mm thick. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.036 W/moC at 50oC.

2.3.3 Polyurethane or Polyisocyanate Insulation

Minimum density of 27 kg/m3, minimum of 50 mm thick. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.023 W/moC at 24oC .

2.4

INSULATION FOR EXPANSION TANKS, AIR SEPARATOR, DOMESTIC HOT WATER STORAGE TANKS

2.4.1 Cellular Glass Insulation

Minimum of 100 mm thick. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.06 W/moC at 94oC .

2.4.2 Fibrous Glass Insulation

Minimum density of 96 kg/m3, minimum of 50 mm thick. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.033 W/moC at 24oC .

2.4.3 Calcium Silicate Insulation

Minimum of 100 mm thick. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.06 W/moC at 94oC.

2.5

INSULATION FOR CHILLERS

Provide insulation for cold surfaces which are not factory insulated.

2.5.1 Polyurethane or Polyisocyanate Insulation

Density of 27 kg/cm3, minimum of 50 mm thick. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.038 W/moC at 24oC .

2.5.2 Plastic Foam Insulation

Minimum of 50 mm thick. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.038 W/moC at 24oC

2.6

PIPING INSULATION

Provide insulation with fire-retardant vapor barrier jacket.

2.6.1 Fibrous Glass Insulation

Minimum density of 48 kg/m3. Average thermal conductivity shall be 0.033 W/moC at 24oC.

2.7

ALUMINUM JACKET

Minimum thickness of 0.4 mm, with factory-applied polyethylene and kraft paper moisture barrier on inside surface. Provide smooth surface jackets for jacket outside diameters less than 200 mm. Provide corrugated surface jackets for jacket outside diameters 200 mm and larger. Provide stainless steel bands, minimum width of 13 mm. Provide aluminum covers for fittings.

2.8

INSULATION

Insulation for fire pump is specified in Section 13930 “Wet Pipe Fire Suppression Sprinklers”.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1

INSTALLATION

Clean and test mechanical systems prior to the application of insulation. Products containing asbestos will not be permitted. Insulation materials including the completed installation shall have a fire hazard rating in accordance with NFPA 255; flame-spread rating shall not exceed 25 and smoke developed ratings shall not exceed 50 except as specified herein; smoke developed rating shall not exceed 150 for polyurethane and polyisocyanate insulations. Surfaces to be covered with insulation shall be tested for leaks, cleaned of foreign material including rust, scale, and dirt; and dried prior to application of insulation. Insulation shall be clean and dry when installed and prior to the application of jackets and coatings. Do not use short pieces of insulation materials where an entire length section will fit. Provide insulation materials and jackets with smooth and even surfaces, with jackets drawn tight, and smoothly secured on longitudinal laps and end laps. Insulate fittings and piping accessories with premolded, precut, or field fabricated pipe insulation of the same pipe insulation and thickness as the adjoining pipe insulation. Provide unions, flanges, and piping accessories with readily removable sections of insulation. Provide insulation continuous through pipe hangers, pipe supports, pipe sleeves, wall openings, and ceiling opening, except at fire dampers in duct systems. Provide a complete moisture and vapor seal wherever insulation terminates against hangers, anchors, and other projections through insulation on cold surfaces; fill joints, breaks, punctures, and voids with vapor barrier compound and cover with vapor-sealed material. Do not conceal equipment nameplates. Cover ends of exposed insulation with waterproof mastic.

3.2

DUCT INSULATION

Clean and test ductwork prior to the application of insulation. Provide insulation on exterior side of supply ductwork, return ductwork, outside air intake ductwork, plenums, and casings of HVAC units which are not internally insulated. Return air ductwork located within a return air plenum (i.e., space above a ceiling and used for return air) does not require insulation. Provide insulation with a vapor barrier laminate of flame-resistant kraft paper and aluminum foil reinforced with fibrous glass yarn. Apply insulation with joints tightly butted. Pins or anchors shall be spaced at maximum 300 mm centers; secure insulation with washers and clips. Pins or anchors shall be metal electrically welded to duct surface or shall be metal attached to duct surface with waterproof adhesive especially designed for attachment to metal surfaces. Sagging of duct insulation will not be permitted. Insulation shall be tightly and smoothly applied to the duct. Secure insulation to metal ducts with a fire-resistant, waterproof bonding adhesive applied in 100 mm wide strips on 300 mm centers. Provide rigid type duct insulation in mechanical equipment rooms, where ductwork is exposed to view and where indicated; provide blanket type duct insulation in other locations.

3.2.1 Blanket Type Duct Insulation

Blanket type flexible fibrous glass insulation, minimum density of 16 kg/m3, minimum of 50 mm thick. Secure blanket type insulation to bottom of rectangular horizontal and sloping ducts more than 600 mm wide, in addition to adhesive, by impaling over pins or anchors; secure insulation with washers and clips.

3.2.2 Rigid Type Duct Insulation

Fibrous glass insulation, minimum density of 48 kg/m3, minimum of 50 mm thick. Secure rigid type insulation to duct by impaling over pins and anchors located not more than 80 mm from edge of insulation and spaced at maximum 300 mm centers; secure insulation with washers and clips. Around ductwork, internal insulation edges shall be beveled to suite curvature of ducts.

3.2.3 Vapor Barrier

Fill joints, breaks, punctures, and voids with vapor barrier coating compound and cover with vapor barrier jacket. At joints, the vapor barrier jacket for insulation shall be covered with a 100 mm wide pressure-sensitive vapor seal tape of material identical to jackets, or shall have 50 mm wide laps drawn tight and secured with vapor seal adhesive. The joints and openings where the facing is pierced or punctured by pins, staples, or other means shall be brush-coated with 50 mm wide strips of vapor barrier coating compound.

3.3

EQUIPMENT INSULATION

Clean and test equipment prior to the application of insulation.

3.3.1 Pump Insulation

Cellular glass insulation, minimum of 50 mm thick: fibrous glass insulation, minimum density of 96 kg/m3, minimum of 50 mm thick; or polyurethane or polyisocyanate insulation, minimum density of 27 kg/m3, minimum of 50 mm thick. Provide chilled water and hot water pumps with insulated metal casings properly shaped for a correct fit and designed for easy removal and replacement. Joints shall coincide with joints in each pump casing. Apply insulation with fibrous glass fabric. Apply fabric in waterproof adhesive. Coat fabric with waterproof aluminum-pigmented mastic to a minimum total thickness of 3 mm.

3.3.2 Insulation for Expansion Tanks, Air Separators, Domestic Water Heater, Exposed Equipment for Heating, Chilled and Domestic Water Systems

Cellular glass insulation, minimum of 100 mm thick; fibrous glass insulation, minimum density of 96 kg/m3, minimum of 50 mm thick; or calcium silicate insulation, minimum of 100 mm thick; or polyurethane or polyisocyanate insulation, minimum of 50 mm thick. Secure insulation with No. 1.6 mm galvanized steel or copper-clad wire or 20 mm wide, 0.4 mm thick galvanized bands, each spaced on 300 mm centers. Miter or score block to ensure tight joints. Seal joints with insulating mastic. Provide insulation with 13 mm thick hard-finish cement applied over zinc-coated wire netting; finish with fibrous glass fabric, smoothly adhered with waterproof adhesive. Coat fabric with waterproof aluminum-pigmented mastic to a minimum total thickness of 3 mm.

3.4

PIPING INSULATION

Clean and test aboveground piping systems prior to the application of insulation. Insulate fittings with the same material and thickness as adjacent runs of pipe. Pipe insulation shall be continuous through wall and floor openings, and pipe sleeves except where otherwise detailed. Sleeves shall be sized accordingly. For hot water piping inside building that is located more than 1.8 m above the floor, terminate the insulation immediately adjacent to each end of unions, flanges, pressure-regulating valve assemblies, trap assemblies, strainers, and valves. Pipe insulation shall be continuous through hangers. For insulation protection shields provide rigid pipe insulation of the same thickness as adjacent pipe insulation and having a minimum compressive strength of 240 kPa or provide hardwood plugs having a minimum of 6.5 cm2 bearing surface with the wood grain perpendicular to the pipe, between the insulation protection shield and the pipe; except insulation having a minimum density of 112 kg/m3 may be provided between the insulation protector and the pipe for piping 50 mm and smaller. Install pipe insulation with joints tightly butted. Overlap longitudinal jacket laps not less than 40 mm. Wrap butt joints with butt strips not less than 80 mm wide of identical material to jacket. Cement jacket laps and butt strips on both surfaces with fire-resistant, waterproof bonding adhesive or with factory-applied self-sealing system. Staples shall be stainless steel, outside clinched without complete penetration of insulation. If vapor barrier jacket is pierced or punctured, brush coat with vapor barrier coating to provide a vapor-tight covering. For concealed hot water piping, adhesive is not required when jacket is secured with flared staples on 100 mm centers. If molded or mitered fitting covers are used, join with fire-resistant, waterproof bonding adhesive or wire in place and provide with a smooth coat of finishing cement. For copper tubing sizes 25 mm and less, pipe insulation for elbows, tees, and valves may be mitered.

3.4.1 Insulation for Chilled Water, Heating Hot Water, Domestic Water, and Cold Drain Piping from Drain Pans

Fibrous glass insulation, minimum density of 48 kg/m3 with a factory-applied vapor barrier jacket; or polyurethane or polyisocyanate insulation with a vapor barrier jacket. For chilled water piping and hot water piping, the ends of pipe insulation and the space between the ends of pipe insulation and the piping shall be sealed off with waterproof vapor-barrier coating at and around valves, fittings, flanges, unions, and in pipe runs at intervals not to exceed 4.5 meters.

3.4.1.1 Chilled Water, Hot Water and Domestic Hot Water Piping

Fibrous glass insulation thickness for the various pipe sizes shall be in accordance with Law No. 373, 30 April 1976 as modified by Law 10/91 and DPR 4/2/93, as listed below for a fluid temperature less than (85oC):

Pipe Size

Fibrous Glass Insulation Thickness

Millimeters

Average Thermal Conductivity

0.041 W/moC at 50oC

Indoors

Outdoors

15 mm

25 mm

30 mm

20 mm - 40 mm

30 mm

40 mm

50 mm - 80 mm

40 mm

50 mm

100 mm

60 mm

150 mm

200 mm

75 mm

3.4.1.2 Cold Drain Piping

Pipe shall have minimum of 25 mm thick fibrous glass insulation. Do not insulate cold drain piping exposed to the weather.

3.4.1.3 Cold Domestic Water Piping

Pipe sizes less than 80 mm shall have minimum of 25 mm thick fibrous glass insulation. Pipes sizes of 80 mm and 100 mm shall have minimum of 40 mm thick fibrous glass insulation. Pipe sizes 125 mm and larger shall have minimum of 50 mm thick fibrous glass insulation. Waste and (hot) water supply pipes for handicapped lavatories shall be insulated with 40 mm thick insulation.

3.4.2 Insulation Covering Not Exposed to the Weather

Provide piping insulation, except for plastic foam insulation, with manufacturer's standard fire-retardant vapor barrier jacket. Contractor may use one-piece pre-mold polyvinylchloride fitting covers with fibrous glass insulation inserts of same thickness as pipe insulation.

3.4.3 Insulation Covering Exposed to the Weather

Provide piping insulation with aluminum jacket, except for plastic foam insulation. Install electric heat tape on piping, where indicated, prior to installing insulation. Machine cut the jacket to produce a straight, smooth edge. Lap longitudinal seams and circumferential seams not less than 50 mm. Install jackets on horizontal piping with the longitudinal seam approximately midway between horizontal centerline and the bottom side of pipe. Install with the top edge of jacket overlapping the bottom edge of jacket with the seam of each jacket slightly offset from the seam of the adjacent jacket. Install jackets on vertical piping and on piping pitched from the horizontal from low point to high point so the lower circumferential edge of each jacket overlaps the jacket below it. Provide special fabricated jackets for fittings, valves, and flanges. Finish jackets neatly at pipe hangers and pipe supports. Terminate jackets neatly at the ends of unions, valves, traps, and strainers. Secure jacket with stainless steel bands spaced not more than 200 mm on centers.

3.5

PAINTING AND IDENTIFICATION

Painting shall be in accordance with Section 09900, "Paints and Coatings." Piping identification shall be in accordance with Section 15050, "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods."

3.6

FIELD INSPECTIONS

Visually inspect the insulation installation of all mechanical systems to ensure that materials conform to requirements specified herein.

-- End of Section --

Section 15080

Section 15080