6_Int_Pest_Management_Plan.pdf

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SIGNATURE PAGE .................................................................................................................... iii ANNUAL REVIEW ...................................................................................................................... iv

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

II. BACKGROUND

A. Purpose B. Authority C. Plan Maintenance

III. RESPONSIBILITIES

A. Commander B. Pest Management Coordinator/QAE C. Contracting Officer’s Representative for Pest Management Contracts D. Pest Management Personnel/Contractors E. Facility Managers and Installation Personnel F. Environmental Flight G. Safety and Occupational Health Manager H. Unit Commanders/ Officer-in-Charge

IV. INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

A. Legal Mandate B. IPM Operations

V. PRIORITY OF PEST MANAGEMENT

A. Public Health Pests B. Pests Found in and Around Buildings C. Structural Pests D. Noxious or Invasive Plants and Animals E. Undesirable Vegetation F. Golf Course Pests G. Quarantine and Regulated Pests H. Vertebrate Pests

VII. HEALTH AND SAFETY

A. Medical Surveillance of Pest Management Personnel B. Hazard Communication C. Personal Protective Equipment D. Fire Protection E. Pest Management Vehicles i

F. Protection of the Public G. Pesticide Shop Health, Safety, and Hazard Surveys

VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

A. Sensitive Areas B. Endangered/Protected Species and Critical Habitats C. Cultural and Historical Sites D. Environmental Documentation E. Pesticide Spills and Remediation

IX. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION

A. Pest Management Operations B. Contracts or Quality Assurance C. Outleases (agricultural and housing) D. Interservice Support Agreements E. Reports and Records F. Training and Certification G. Pesticide Security H. Emergency Disease Vector Surveillance and Control I. Coordination (DoD, other Federal, State, and Local)

X. SALE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PESTICIDES

A. Self-help Pest Management Program B. Other Activities

XI. IPM REFERENCES AND LINKS

XII. ANNEXES

A: ACRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS

B: INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT OUTLINES

C: APPROVED PESTICIDES AND ANNUAL PROPOSED USE

D: POINTS OF CONTACT (STATE, LOCAL, FEDERAL)

E: CERTIFICATES OF TRAINING OR COMPETENCY

F: SELF-HELP MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

G: ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENTS

H. AVON PARK THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES

I. PESTICIDE DISCHARGE MANAGEMENT PLAN

ii

ANNUAL REVIEW

Original Document 25 February 2016

Dates of Annual Review Summary of Changes iv

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. Integrated Pest Management at Avon Park Air Force Range (APAFR) plays an integral role in the range mission by providing a unique, complex approach to environmental stewardship of public lands. The Range is rich in biodiversity and is home to significant populations of threatened and endangered species, both plants and animals (Appendix H). Treatment with pesticides for removal of invasive plant species such as Japanese climbing fern (Lygodium japonicum), Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum), Tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum Dunal), and Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrical), as well as control of invasive feral hogs (Sus scrofa), are paramount to maintaining biodiversity, endangered species recovery, and overall mission support.

APAFR is operated by the 598th Range Squadron (RANS), an element of Air Combat Command. The mission of the Avon Park Air Force Range is to serve as the Air Force’s focal point for training the entire air-ground combat team. APAFR provides a dynamic training venue to integrate units from all services specializing in effect-based air and ground operations. These include classic air ground elements of close air support (CAS), combat search and rescue (CSAR) and special operations. Complementary missions such as bombing, forward bare base, UAVs/UCAVs, and ground operations are also supported. APAFR provides advanced joint training exercises as well as rehearsal training for real world missions.

B. This Integrated Pest Management Plan(IPMP) applies to all activities and sites on the APAFR, and to all individuals, units, and tenant and supported units (civilian or military) working and residing on properties controlled by or otherwise doing business at APAFR.

This plan will be implemented to the maximum extent possible utilizing an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach. At no time will pest management operations be performed in a manner that will cause harm to personnel or the environment. Non-chemical control efforts will be used to the maximum extent possible before pesticides are used. This plan will be a working document and will be continually updated to reflect actual pest management practices.

C. This plan describes the pest management requirements and outlines the resources necessary for surveillance and control operations. It also describes the administrative, safety, and environmental requirements of the program. The program for APAFR involves contracted, state certified pesticide applicators and facility managers to control pests. Pests included in the plan are: noxious weeds and other unwanted vegetation including invasive plant species; termites; mosquitoes (cases of Eastern Equine Encephalitis, Saint Louis Encephalitis, and West Nile Virus have been reported in adjacent counties) and other biting insects; vertebrate pests such as feral hogs, birds, rodents, and snakes; flying and crawling insects; and spiders. Without control, these pests can interfere with the military mission, damage real property, negatively impact environmental quality, increase maintenance costs, and expose personnel to diseases.

Pest management procedures practiced at the APAFR are described in the Integrated Pest Management Outlines at Annex B.

II. BACKGROUND

A. Purpose. The Avon Park IPMP is a framework through which pest management is defined and accomplished at APAFR. The plan identifies elements of the program including health, environmental, safety, pest identification, pest management, as well as pesticide storage, transportation, use, and disposal issues. This plan is to be used as a tool to reduce pesticide use, enhance environmental protection, and maximize the use of integrated pest management techniques.

B. Authority.

1. Department of Defense (DODI) Instruction 4150.07, 29 May 2008, DOD Pest Management Program

2. Air Force Instruction (AFI) 32-1053, 23 June 2009, Integrated Pest Management Program

3. Air Force Instruction (AFI) 48-102, 1 July 2004, Medical Entomology Program

C. Plan Maintenance. The APAFR Pest Management Coordinator, with support from the BOS contractor, maintains this plan. Pen and ink changes are made to the plan throughout the fiscal year. It is reviewed and updated annually to reflect all the changes made in the pest management program during the fiscal year.

III. RESPONSIBILITIES

A. The Commander, APAFR.

1. Establish a pest management program. Provide management support, resources, and properly trained staff, including a Pest Management Coordinator (PMC) designated by the Commander, for all pest management activities.

2. Approve, implement, and support the pest management plan at all organizational levels.

3. Monitor the achievement of pest management goals and objectives established by DOD, Air Force.

4. Ensure those APAFR personnel performing pest control and quality assurance evaluations receive adequate training and achieve required pest management accreditation.

5. Ensure that all pest management operations are conducted safely and have minimal impact on the environment.

B. Installation Pest Management Coordinator (PMC) QAE APAFR.

1. Obtain PMC/QAE training in accordance with the DOD 4150.07-M, “DOD Pest Management Training and Certification.”

2. Monitor implementation of the pest management plan. Coordinate pest management issues for all installation and facility operations performed. Ensure that pest surveillance and pest control operations incorporate IPM procedures.

3. Annually update the plan to ensure that all references, methods, and procedures are current and that effective management of all existing pests is included.

Incorporate any changes in pest management requirements into the plan during annual revisions. Obtain plan review and approval in accordance with DOD and Air Force policies and directives.

4. Ensure that installation and facility pest management records are complete, accurate and submitted as required.

5. Ensure BOS contractor implements self-help program procedures, materials and recordkeeping, as outlined in Annex F of the plan, including self-help pest management operations in pest management reports.

6. Ensures BOS contractor maintains up-to-date records of all certified pesticide applicators.

7. Coordinate and review contracts dealing with pesticide applications on APAFR properties to ensure the contracts meet the specifications in paragraph IX.C.

Obtain AFCEC Pest Management Consultant review and approval of contracts which have not been included in this plan or are inconsistent with this plan. Maintain records of all pest control service contracts.

8. Maintain records of all pesticide disposal actions in accordance with this plan.

Coordinate pesticide disposal actions with the hazardous waste program manager.

9. Coordinate review of aerial spray validation plans (AVPs) with the Natural Resource Manager for conformance to requirements and procedures concerning the Endangered Species Act (ESA), National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and AF Regulations 91-22.

10. Prepare or cause to be prepared (by contract or otherwise) Aerial Spray Validation Plans for APAFR facilities (i.e., for emergency or other services) that are not addressed in this plan.

11. Comply with, and notify appropriate installation management personnel of, additional documentation, coordination and project approval requirements when APAFR participates in regional or other aerial application projects, on the installation or facility, sponsored by non-DOD governmental agencies.

12. Ensure that pesticide applications are consistent with the natural resource management requirements in the Avon Park Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan (INRMP).

13. Evaluate contracted pest management operations to ensure contract specifications and quality standards are met.

14. Inform the Contracting Officer about contract specifications that require modification or improvement; any discrepancies in contractor performance; and any action by the contractor that may jeopardize health, safety, or the environment.

15. Maintain effective liaison with DOD, AFCEC, and other governmental health and environmental officials.

C. Contracting Officer (COR) for Pest Management Contracts.

1. Develop pest management contracts based on integrated pest management (IPM) procedures detailed in this plan. Incorporate the latest, most effective and least toxic IPM methodologies, as well as the requirements for occupational health and safety monitoring for personnel.

2. Use the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) Technical Guide No. 39, “Guide for Preparing DOD Pest Control Contracts using Integrated Pest Management” as a help in writing pest and weed control contracts.

3. Oversee all contract pest management operations and quality assurance performance to ensure contract specifications are being met.

D. Pest Management Personnel/Contractors.

1. All pesticide applicators will meet all training and certification requirements of the state of Florida. Reference Annex E.

2. Use IPM techniques to the maximum extent and control pests according to the provisions of this plan.

3. Maintain up-to-date records of all pesticide applications in the IPMP database.

4. Operate in a manner that minimizes risk of contamination to the environment and to personnel.

5. Inform supervisor of significant changes in pest management needs and requirements.

6. Maintain current hard copy pesticide inventories and Safety Data Sheets (SDS). A copy of the applicable pesticide SDS must be available in the support vehicle when being applied.

7. Notify facility managers and occupants before applying pesticides in food preparation and consumption facilities.

8. Ensure chemicals and equipment used for pesticide applications is stored in a secure, isolated area. Small equipment should be stored in a secure enclosed indoor area, and large equipment should be stored in a secure covered or enclosed area.

9. Ensure all movable equipment located in pesticide storage areas or used for pesticide application is labeled “Contaminated with Pesticides” and not removed unless decontaminated.

10. Ensure vehicles, dispersal equipment, and all mixing equipment is used solely in support of pest management activities.

11. Identify locations of Cogongrass for control on the airfield.

12. Manage pesticide rin-sates in accordance with EPA Guidelines for Responsible Pesticide Use.

E. Facility Managers and Installation Personnel.

1. Apply good sanitary practices to prevent pest infestations using IPM techniques to the maximum extent possible.

2. Apply only those “Self-Help Pest Control Materials” listed in Annex F.

3. Use all pest control techniques available through the self-help program to the fullest extent before requesting further assistance from the BOS contractor.

4. Cooperate fully with BOS contract personnel for scheduling pest management operations, including preparation of the areas to be treated.

F. Environmental Flight.

1. Ensure IPMP and INRMP are properly coordinated.

2. Obtain and manage all National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits for the installation.

3. Monitor effectiveness of invasive plant species control measures.

4. Develop and implement an invasive feral hog control/management program.

5. Identify the funding requirements for invasive plant species that impact natural resources.

6. Identify invasive plant and noxious weed species locations to be controlled by BOS contractor.

7. Develop contract documents for invasive plant species control projects funded through the Environmental Compliance Program.

8. Input pesticide usage data into the IPMIS web based program.

G. Quality/Safety and Occupational Health Manager.

1. Ensure all personnel new to the career field receive a baseline physical exam before potential occupational exposure to pesticides, and receive periodic occupational physical exams, to include blood testing and monitoring, for personnel mixing or applying organophosphates or n-alkyl carbamates.

2. Protect the health and safety of pest management personnel through training (including initial and periodic hazardous communication training [HAZCOM] training), emphasis on good work habits, such as using protective clothing and equipment.

3. Provide protective clothing and equipment to all BOS pest management personnel who mix and apply pesticides.

4. Ensure only those pesticides which have been pre-approved are applied by pest management personnel and a current copy of the SDS is available.

5. Provide guidance and information on the proper storage and disposal of pesticides.

6. Serve as the POC for guidance and information on obtaining, maintaining, and using personal protective equipment, to include the proper use of respirators.

7. Coordinate with OSHA and other agencies for the most current information on occupational safety.

8. Maintain effective liaison with federal, state, county, and city health and environmental officials.

H. Unit Commanders/Officer-In-Charge of TDY Personnel.

1. Assure the proper use of the DOD repellent system and other personal protective measures while personnel are exposed to potential disease vectors.

IV. INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

A. Legal Mandate.

Executive Order 13112 (Clinton, 3 February 1999), Invasive Species 7 USC § 136, Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) EO 13514, Federal Leadership in Environmental, Energy, and Economic Performance

B. IPM Operations.

1. This plan provides guidance for operating and maintaining an effective pest management program. Principles of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) are stressed.

Adherence to the plan will help ensure compliance with pertinent laws and regulations.

2. IPM involves the use of both chemical and non-chemical control techniques to prevent pests from exceeding an acceptable population or damage threshold. Emphasis is placed on minimizing environmental disruption. IPM depends on surveillance to establish the need for control and to monitor the effectiveness of management efforts.

3. IPM Principles. The four basic principles described below are the heart of IPM and will be used at APAFR to manage pests. These principles are descriptive of the guidance promoted by Air Force policies and regulations. All pest management efforts will employ least toxic strategies that will obtain an effective level of control. Specific IPM methods can be found in the IPM Outlines in Annex B. While any one of described control methods may solve a pest problem, often several methods are used concurrently, particularly if long-term control is needed. For example, screens may be used to prevent mosquitoes from entering buildings, breeding areas may be filled or drained to eliminate larval habitat, and pesticides may be used to kill adult mosquitoes. Screens will protect people inside, but do little to keep people from being bitten outdoors. Larval control may eliminate mosquito breeding on the installation, but may not prevent adult insects from flying onto the installation from surrounding areas. Insecticides may kill most but not all of the flying mosquitoes.

Although chemical control is an integral part of IPM, it can be expensive. Therefore, non-chemical control methods, that are typically designed to prevent infestations, are primarily used. Non-chemical control methods may initially be more expensive than chemicals but may ultimately be more cost effective. Non-chemical control methods are typically non-toxic, thereby reducing the potential risk to human health and the environment. Non-chemical and chemical methods of control are described below.

a. Mechanical/Physical Control. Examples of this type control include:

caulking or filling voids to eliminate harborage, using mechanical traps, sticky traps, or glue boards, and using screens and other barriers to prevent entry into buildings. The majority of indoor nuisance pest problems encountered at APAFR can be prevented or solved by using mechanical control techniques.

b. Cultural Control. Strategies in this method involve manipulating environmental conditions to suppress or eliminate pests. Elimination of food and water for pests through good sanitary practices is the most important cultural control method employed under this plan. General cleanliness in buildings, break rooms, storage areas, etc., may prevent pest populations from becoming established or from increasing beyond a certain size.

c. Biological Control. This control strategy uses predators, parasites or disease organisms to control pest populations. Biological control agents such as Bti may be used to control mosquito larvae. Biological control may be effective in and of itself, but is often used in conjunction with other types of control. A promising control for the invasive Old World climbing fern may be the Lygodium spider moth (Siamusotima aranea). Given the type and level of pest problems at APAFR, especially control of invasive species, biological control techniques have the potential to be used extensively.

d. Chemical Control. At one time, chemical controls were considered to be the most effective control available, but pest resistance has rendered many pesticides ineffective. In recent years, the trend has been to use pesticides that have limited residual action. While the use of short residual pesticides reduces human exposure and environmental impact, it may require more frequent application and increase costs for effective control. Since personal protection, special handling, and storage requirements are necessary with the use of pesticides, the overall cost of using chemical controls as the sole means of control can be quite costly. Non-chemical control methods such as mechanical or cultural controls offer alternate solutions. For example, on the Ranges and in Forestry and Grazing areas, very little chemical control is used. Herbicides such as Garlon, glyphosate, Arsenal, and Oust are the primary pesticides used. They are applied to augment fire in forest management, control of invasive weeds such as Old World climbing fern, tropical soda apple, Cogongrass, and to develop or maintain habitat for endangered or threatened species. When there is a need to use pesticides, priority is given to the use of non-restricted use pesticides. Non-restricted use pesticides are generally less toxic and their use has fewer environmental consequences than restricted-use pesticides.

4. IPM Outlines. IPM Outlines for pest surveillance and control are found in Annex B, where each major pest or category of pests is addressed in separate outlines. New outlines are added to Annex B if additional pests or sites are encountered that require controls. New outlines are sent to the AFCEC Pest Management Consultant for approval.

CAUTION: The IPM Outlines do not identify all the precautions and directions identified on specific pesticide product labels. Pesticide applicators must be familiar with and follow all precautions and directions on the pesticide label of the pesticide being used.

V. PRIORITY OF PEST MANAGEMENT

Pest management requirements at facilities of the APAFR vary considerably. Below is a generalized list of major pest categories of possible concern. The priority will vary according to specific sites. See Annex B for surveillance and control methods for each pest.

A. Public Health Pests.

1. Mosquito species found in Florida are known to transmit several arboviral encephalitides (i.e., West Nile Virus, Eastern equine and St. Louis encephalitis) every year. Potential mosquito vectors of dengue and malaria are actively present in Florida.

(Anopheles quadrimaculatus, eastern malaria mosquito; Aedes aegypti, yellow fever mosquito; Aedes albopictus, Asian tiger mosquito). Mosquitoes are a known problem around APAFR facilities where areas of standing water occur.

2. Ticks may transmit disease organisms within the State. Tick-borne diseases include: Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Human ehrlichiosis, and tularemia. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is the most important tick-borne disease that occurs in Florida. Tick paralysis can occur from bites but its occurrence is rare.

3. Spiders. Black widow spiders are known to occur in Florida, where they are common in undisturbed places in warehouses, storage areas, foxholes, and around other buildings. These spiders may produce painful bites as well as toxic reactions that can become severe. Four species are known to occur in the state: the Northern and Southern black widow, the brown widow and the red widow spider. The brown recluse spider is a venomous spider that is rarely found in Florida. These spiders are generally active at night. During the day they rest in undisturbed, dark, sheltered areas such as under rocks, wood piles and bark. They can be frequently found in corners and crevices of buildings.

The brown recluse normally bites when pressure is applied to it. Painful bites can cause restlessness and fevers. The healing of bites may take several weeks to months. Other spiders such as tarantulas, jumping spiders, wolf spiders and orb weavers are found in Florida but are not typically considered hazardous to humans and will only bite when cornered or handled.

4. Fire ants are common throughout the Range. Their venomous sting may cause an allergic reaction in hypersensitive individuals. Fire ants may also have a detrimental impact on endangered or threatened species such as ground nesting birds.

5. Venomous stings from bees, hornets, yellow jackets, and wasps may produce allergic reactions in some individuals. Africanized honey bees have been identified in Florida since 2001 and the number of captured AHB swarms has increased steadily.

African bee training programs have been implemented around the state to provide training for First Responders as well as Pest Control Operators in order to safely handle an attack should one occur. Additionally, the African Bee Extension and Education program (AFBEE) has been initiated in Florida and members provide African bee-related resources for beekeepers, homeowners, outdoor workers, schools, pest control operators, first responders, county agents, state parks, medical personnel, tourists, and veterinarians.

Information on the AFBEE program can be found at http://www.AFBEE.com.

6. Scorpions may be found in and around buildings. Like the black widow spider, they are usually encountered in undisturbed areas. They are venomous, but stings cause few serious consequences.

7. Snakes. Eastern diamondback rattlesnake, pygmy rattlesnake, cottonmouth, water moccasin, and the eastern coral snake are venomous snakes found at the APAFR.

Although rarely encountered, these snakes are capable of causing serious illness or death.

A variety of non-venomous snakes are found; although non-venomous, their bites may be painful and could lead to secondary infection. Snakes present in areas where they’re not wanted should be removed and relocated to other areas away from ongoing activities;

otherwise, they should be avoided. Removal and relocation of snakes found in some areas (e.g., under buildings), where not wanted, is occasionally required. Refer to Annex B No. 20, for guidance.

8. American alligators are plentiful in Florida lakes, streams and rivers. Generally, they represent little threat; however, they will attack if provoked or if they confuse a child or a small pet for normal prey. Avoid all known or suspected alligator nesting sites.

http://www.afbee.com/

9. Skunks, raccoons, bats, other wildlife, stray cats and dogs not only can become a nuisance but they may be infected with or be carriers of rabies. Since these animals may be found in or under buildings, the disease potential should be recognized. Raccoons are the primary reservoir for rabies in Florida.

B. Pests Found in and Around Buildings.

1. Birds and bats may roost in warehouses, aircraft hangars, maintenance facilities and other buildings and may damage equipment and supplies with their droppings. Birds requiring control can include the starling, grackle, house sparrow, and pigeon.

2. There are no family housing facilities and minimal food preparation services provided at APAFR. Stored product pests could include beetles, moths and rodents.

Susceptible food items are found mostly in break room areas. Infested items are discarded when found.

3. Rodents, crawling insects (such as ants and cockroaches, etc.) and spiders may require control in office, billeting facilities, warehouses, and administrative buildings.

Proper sanitation and housekeeping are emphasized to discourage these pests.

C. Structural Pests.

1. Subterranean termites are found throughout Florida and may cause substantial damage. The Formosan subterranean termite is considered the most aggressive and economically devastating termites in the country. They are found in many areas of the state including known infestations in Orlando and in Hillsborough County, although none have been found at APAFR. Structures made of cellulose containing materials will be inspected for termites or termite damage, at the minimum, on an annual basis. Carpenter ants also may infest and damage wooden structures. For information, refer to Annex B, IPM Outline No.14, for guidance.

2. Squirrels, armadillos, rats, and mice are also capable of infesting and damaging structures.

D. Noxious or Invasive Plants and Animals.

Strategies for surveillance and control of invasive and noxious plants and animals can be found in Annex B. There are several noxious weed species that require control by federal regulation. The Federal Noxious Weed Act requires federal agencies to control exotic species on federal lands. Invasive plants are introduced species that have few, if any, natural controls in the United States and can spread out of control. Invasive plant species also require control as directed by federal requirements outlined in EO 13112, 3 February 1999, Alien Invasive Species Control. These requirements include: preventing the introduction or spread, controlling and monitoring existing populations, and accompanying all actions with the appropriate NEPA documentation As further stated by this EO: ”DOD moves vehicles and equipment to field sites throughout the world where such species are picked up and transported to other countries. Vehicles, equipment and supplies are to be cleaned of all plant and animal matter, soil and caked on mud.” Exotic and invasive species that may be present at APAFR are listed in Table 1

In Florida, there are state noxious weed laws (Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS, F.A.C Chapters 62C-52), aquatic weed quarantines and plant pest quarantine regulations. The state also enforces the Federal Noxious Weed Law (USDA, 7CR-360). There are several plant species that are considered noxious and control is mandatory for those found on the Federal list http://plants.usda.gov/java/invasiveOne?pubID=SWSS . The USDA and APHIS clears retrograde cargo, such as tactical equipment returning from a foreign country, prior to arriving at APAFR. Where feasible, invasive and noxious weeds are controlled on APAFR. A general listing of “Non-Native Plant Species Restricted by Federal, State, or Local Law” complied by Invasive Plant Management Division of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection can be found on their web site at http://www.myfwc.com/nonnatives/InvasivePlants/index.htm.

E. Undesirable Vegetation.

Weeds on firing ranges, around targets, along fence lines, on road shoulders, paved surfaces (including runways), etc. can be controlled using appropriate herbicides.

Herbicides are applied to weeds to protect desirable vegetation and reduce disruption of natural resources. Some control of unwanted plants is done mechanically (mowing, string trimmers, disking) or by using mulch materials around ornamental plants.

Selective vegetation control may be required for pine planting site preparation or for pine release programs of forested areas as well as controlling unwanted vegetation in endangered species’ habitats.

A burn plan has been implemented at APAFR to maintain biodiversity and help control oaks and other non-burn climax forest species. Prescribed burns mimic the natural mosaic pattern, intensity, periodicity, and re-vegetation with native species that helps to control noxious weeds. Periodic burning provides temporary control of undesirable vegetation. Where necessary, complementary use of herbicides may also be implemented.

Executive Memorandum (26 April 1996, Clinton) directs Federal executive departments and agencies to use regionally native plants for landscaping of Federal grounds, and federally funded projects. The use of native plants protects natural heritage and provides wildlife habitat. Native plant restoration may reduce the need for use of fertilizer, pesticides, and irrigation because native plants are better adapted to the local ecosystem.

Refer to the Integrated Natural Resource Plan (INRMP) for additional information.

F. Golf Course Pests.

This section is not applicable. Avon Park Air Force Range does not have a golf course.

G. Quarantine and Regulated Pests.

There are no quarantine pests known to occur except for the fire ant on APAFR sites.

APAFR Federal (USDA, 7CR-360) and State (FDACS, F.A.C. Chapter 5B-57) law prohibits the distribution of noxious or invasive plants both on and off APAFR.

http://plants.usda.gov/java/invasiveOne?pubID=SWSS http://www.myfwc.com/nonnatives/InvasivePlants/index.htm

H. Vertebrate Pests

1. Rodents (mice and rats) occasionally invade buildings. Primary management techniques for controlling these pests are exclusion and sanitation. Snap traps are the main method used for controlling indoor rodent infestations.

2. Skunks, raccoons, flying squirrels, and rabbits periodically require control.

Control efforts for non-game or other regulated wildlife species is to be coordinated with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA); Animal, Plant, Health Inspection Service (APHIS); Animal Damage Control (ADC); and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FFWCC).

3. Stray dogs and cats occasionally need to be captured at APAFR sites. Wildlife management personnel, contracted pest management services, or local municipal animal control authorities (i.e., Humane Society) control stray animals. Refer to AFPMB Technical Guide No. 37, Guidelines for Reducing Feral Cat Populations for additional guidance.

4. The Commander, 598 RANS has implemented a Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) reduction program for APAFR. (BASH) Plan 91-202, 1 June 2009). This plan is in operational support of AFI 91-202 and is effective for planning and implementation purposes for prevention of bird strikes. Birds, feral hogs, large herbivores and burrowing animals present significant threats to safe flying and landing operations at APAFR. Refer to AFI 91-202 (Chapter 7 paragraph 7.11) for Air Force regulations regarding wildlife management to reduce BASH. USDA personnel and pest control contractors support the safety office management of BASH reduction program.

VII. HEALTH AND SAFETY

A. Medical Surveillance of Pest Management Personnel. All pesticide application at APAFR is accomplished by contract personnel. Contractors performing pest management services are responsible for receiving their own medical examinations and rabies prophylaxis from private sources. Personnel who apply pesticides at APAFR facilities (with the exception of designated self-help pest management items) should be included in a medical surveillance program consisting of the following elements:

1. An initial physical examination to establish that the individual is physically capable of wearing a respirator, if the labels on the pesticide used requires it.

2. For personnel mixing or applying organophosphates or n-alkyl carbamates, this physical examination will also include liver and kidney function tests, a complete blood count, and a respiratory evaluation. A physical examination of the same scope as the initial examination will be conducted annually. Currently, no pesticide containing organophosphates or n-alkyl carbamates is approved for APAFR application.

3. Personnel who handle or otherwise come into contact with wild animals on APAFR sites are encouraged to receive rabies prophylaxis.

B. Hazard Communication.

1. Personnel who are serving as QAEs or who are applying pesticides are given hazard communication training, including instruction on the proper handling of hazardous materials in the work place. Following initial hazard communication training, additional training is given to each new employee or to all employees when new hazardous materials are introduced into the work place.

2. Safety Data Sheets (SDS’s) for all pesticides and other toxic substances used in the pest management program are located in the Pest Management Shop (Bldg #25), and in the master SDS binder located in the Base Operations Support Facility (Bldg #28). All personnel who work with these substances are informed of the potential hazards and trained in the use of personal protective equipment.

C. Personal Protective Equipment. Approved masks, respirators, chemical resistant gloves and boots, and protective clothing (as specified by applicable laws, regulations and/or the pesticide label) are provided by the contractor. These items are used as required during the mixing and application of pesticides. Pesticide-contaminated protective clothing is not laundered at home. A dedicated washer/dryer is provided in Bldg 25 for this purpose. Severely contaminated clothing will not be laundered but is treated as pesticide-related waste and disposed of in accordance with current regulatory requirements. Contractors are responsible for providing these items and services to their employees at no additional expense to the government. The proper use and maintenance of personal protective equipment can be found in the AFPMB Technical Guide No. 14, Protective Equipment for Pest Control Personnel.

D. Fire Protection.

1. The usual hazards presented by a fire are compounded in the case of a pesticide fire by the danger of pesticide poisoning and contamination. The Pest Management Coordinator will conduct pre-fire coordination with appropriate fire department and other emergency officials for Building #25 and for other buildings when pesticides are stored.

This coordination has been formalized in the facility pre-fire plan. The Pest Management Coordinator receives updates to the pre-fire plan annually, or when changes occur in the amount or types of pesticides stored. These updates are prepared by the Fire Department.

In those facilities where minor amounts of self-help type pesticides (see Annex F) are stored, a pre-fire plan is not required; however, facility personnel will follow all label precautions concerning the storage of the pesticides.

2. The pre-fire plan includes a current pesticide inventory, storage area floor plan, evacuation routes, water runoff control, and map of the surrounding area, emergency telephone numbers, medical assistance, salvage/hazard assessment, and provisions for safety briefings of appropriate personnel. A detailed discussion of pre-fire planning can be found in paragraph 2 of AFPMB Technical Guide No. 16.

E. Pest Management Vehicles. Pesticides are transported in a lockable storage compartment of an assigned vehicle(s). A dedicated vehicle is used to transport pesticides. Vehicles that have been used to transport pesticides are not used to transport food, medical supplies or other sensitive items that, if contaminated, would adversely affect human health. Transportation of pesticides (from supply, delivery of self-help type items, etc.) is accomplished using the vehicle assigned to the Pest Controller. Pesticides are never transported in the passenger compartment of any vehicle. In addition, care is taken to secure pesticides to prevent damage to the containers and spillage. At no time are pesticides to be left in the vehicle unsecured and unattended. A portable eye wash, applicable SDS, and spill kit is carried in each pest control vehicle.

F. Protection of the Public. No “Restricted Use Pesticides” (RUP) are approved for use at APAFR. Facility managers and building occupants will be notified prior to pesticide application. Adequate precautions shall be taken during pesticide application to protect the public on and off APAFR facilities. Pesticides applied as an Ultra low volume or fog, are not applied outdoors when the wind speed exceeds label recommended speeds.

Whenever pesticides are applied outdoors, care is taken to make sure that any spray drift is kept away from individuals, including the applicator. Indoor pesticide applications are accomplished while wearing the proper personal protective clothing and equipment as instructed by the product label. At no time are personnel permitted in a treatment area during pesticide application unless they have met the medical monitoring standards and are appropriately protected.

G. Pesticide Shop Health, Safety, and Hazard Surveys.

1. Through the BOS Facility Management and Quality Control programs, the pesticide shop is inspected on a scheduled basis to include the following elements:

a. Ensure that areas used for the storage, mixing and preparation of pesticides is constructed and maintained in a manner that promotes cleanliness, safety, and environmental protection.

b. Determine whether the pesticide storage area is used with other non-related functions.

c. Verify that storage, mixing, and preparation of pesticides occurs in an enclosed area separate from all other facilities.

d. Determine whether office, locker, changing rooms, laundry and toilet facilities are adequately sealed or separated from pesticide storage, mixing and preparation areas.

e. Verify that a ventilation system is specifically provided for all indoor pesticide mixing/preparation areas.

f. Inspect the facility for curbing around pesticide handling and preparation areas. Inspect the pesticide handling and preparation areas for drains and cracks in floors.

g. Verify that consumption or storage of food and beverages and the use of tobacco are prohibited in areas where pesticides are present.

h. Determine whether health and safety procedures emphasize good work habits and ensure the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).

VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

A. Sensitive Areas. Special consideration must be given prior to conducting pest control operations in sensitive areas as identified on pesticide labels. No pesticides are applied directly to wetlands or water areas (lakes, rivers, creeks, ditches, etc.) unless its use is specifically approved on the label. In addition to aquatic habitats, sensitive areas also include critical habitat to endangered, threatened, or rare flora or fauna species, and unique geological and other natural features. Refer to the APAFR INRMP for compliance requirements for pesticide applications in sensitive areas and specific places where endangered or threatened species are located.

B. Endangered/Protected Species and Critical Habitats.

1. Protected migratory birds that occur on APAFR property cannot be controlled without a permit from the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The Pest Management Coordinator will periodically evaluate ongoing pest control operations and will evaluate all new pest management operations to ensure compliance with the Endangered Species Act and Migratory Bird Treaty Act. No pest management operations can be conducted that are likely to jeopardize the existence of endangered or protected species or their habitats without prior approval from the APAFR Wildlife Biologist.

2. APAFR is continuously monitored for the status and distribution of endangered species. Locations of threatened or endangered species are placed on maps of respective areas and made available to those in-house personnel and contractors who are involved with outdoor pest control. A map identifying the location of Endangered Species Habitat Management Units is included in Annex H.

C. Cultural and Historical Sites. APAFR has identified several areas within the installation that are considered historic properties or cultural sites. Locations of cultural and historic sites are made available to those in-house personnel and contractors who are involved with outdoor pest control for a clear understanding the potential impact that pesticide applications could have on historic properties and cultural sites.

D. Environmental Documentation. In cases regarding pesticide use in sensitive areas (wetlands, endangered/threatened species) the proponent is required to complete an AF Form 813, Request for Environmental Impact Analysis prior to any undertaking unless identified under the programmatic agreement within the range Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan. Once completed the AF Form 813 is reviewed by the range Environmental Coordinator who will determine if the action can be categorically excluded or require further environmental review.

E. Pesticide Spills and Remediation. An adequate pesticide spill cleanup kit is maintained wherever pesticides are stored or used. Pesticide spill cleanup and notification procedures and a list of suggested components of the spill kit are found in AFPMB Technical Guide No. 15. A spill cleanup kit is kept on each pest control vehicle.

All pesticide spills are reported to the APAFR Fire Department and Environmental Compliance Coordinator. APAFR has a Spill Prevention Plan on file.

IX. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION

A. Pest Management Operations.

1. Pest management operations will be conducted in accordance with Annex B, Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Outlines. Job orders for pest control can be issued in response to requests from facility managers. If the pest problem can be corrected by minor physical repair or can be addressed by use of the command approved self-help pesticides listed in Annex F, the work is accomplished by the facility manager. If the pest problem cannot be corrected by self-help, the BOS contractor is notified. If the pest problem does not fall within the scope of a pest control contract, the facility manager will contact the PMC/QAE to request additional assistance.

2. Pesticides and associated application equipment belonging to the BOS contractor are allowed to be stored on APAFR, Building #25. Other contractors are not allowed to store pesticides or application equipment on APAFR property. Pesticides that are required for use during a specific time of year (e.g., herbicides for seasonal use) are ordered in a timely manner to ensure effective application. The BOS Pesticide Applicator maintains a current inventory of stored pesticides. See Annex C. The inventory is updated as changes occur. An up-to-date inventory is managed through the web based IPMIS program.

B. Contracts or Quality Assurance.

1. The PMC/QAE for pest management contracts is required by DODI 4150.07 to be trained in the EPA categories for which pest control work is performed on APAFR.

2. A written quality assurance surveillance plan is used to evaluate the work being performed by contractors. Copies of termite inspection reports performed by contractors are kept on file by the Pest Management Coordinator.

3. Completion of the Navy correspondence courses No. 151, Basic Pest Management and No 152, Pest Control Quality Assurance Evaluator Training or other training approved by the AFCEC Pest Management Consultant is required for personnel who perform quality assurance of contractual pest control services.

C. Outleases (agricultural and housing).

1. Augmentation contracts are used when essential pest management activities are beyond the scope of the BOS contract. Priority is given to pest problems threatening the health, safety or welfare of facility personnel. Contracts are administered in accordance with Federal Acquisition Regulation Part 37, and AFI 63-124, 1 August 2005, Performance-Based Service Acquisition (PBSA) http://www.e-publishing.af.mil. The Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) Technical Guide No. 39, “Guide for Preparing DOD Pest Control Contracts using Integrated Pest Management” provides an approved standard for the writing of pest and weed control contracts.

2. Pest management contract specifications will be completed in consultation with the PMC/QAE. AFI 32-1053 requires all pesticide contracts be reviewed and approved by the Air Combat Command Pest Management Consultant. “Installation personnel must receive MAJCOM approval before a request (to include IMPAC card and AF Form 9, Request for Purchase) is made for procurement of commercial pest management service”.

3. Contractors who conduct pest control on APAFR facilities must:

a. Show proof of liability insurance and compliance with all applicable portions of OSHA (29 CFR 1910).

b. Have State commercial certification and licensing in the category or categories of work to be performed. Contracted pesticide applicators must be certified in the category of work being performed. All commercial applicators will display their employee identification card.

http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/

c. Use only EPA and State registered pesticides that have been approved for use at APAFR.

d. Furnish the PMC/QAE with legible copies of specimen labels and the SDS of all pesticides proposed for use.

e. Furnish the PMC/QAE with a completed Pest Management Maintenance Record (DD Form 1532-1) for the building or site where the work was performed.

4. All termite treatments and fumigations are to be coordinated with the Pest Management Coordinator. Termiticide tank mixes will be at the maximum allowable percentage of active ingredient authorized by the label. All termite pre-treatments shall be applied at the maximum allowable rates as shown on the label. APAFR shall reserve the right to have pesticide tank mix tested for active ingredient and concentration.

D. Interservice Support Agreements.

1. There are no interservice support agreements in place at Avon Park Air Force Range.

E. Reports and Records.

1. Pesticide applicators maintain complete records of all daily pesticide application and pest management operations performed by BOS personnel, augmented contractors, commercial applicators, and self-help materials, using DD Form 1532-1 “Pest Management Maintenance Record.” The daily records of a facility’s pest control activities for a calendar month will be compiled on a DD Form 1532-1. At the end of the month, this information is provided to the Supervisor for input into the IPMIS web based program. This program reduces the effort required to keep records and automatically calculates the total pounds active ingredient used in a specified time period.

2. These reports and records are properly maintained to provide a permanent historical record of pest management operations for each building, structure, or outdoor site at the facility. Information gained from these records will be used to adjust and improve the IPMP. A compilation record will be made of all applications for the annual Measure of Merit submittal to AFCEC.

F. Training and Certification.

1. All application of pesticides at APAFR is accomplished by contract personnel through the BOS contract or augmentation contract. All personnel who apply pesticides must be trained and qualified (except those using “Self-Help” pesticides). Contractor employees who apply pesticides must pass a certification exam and be certified as a pest control operator by the State of Florida in the proper categories as defined in Florida Statutes and DODI 4150.07. See Annex E for state regulations on licensing and certification.

2. Quality Assurance Evaluators (QAEs) who evaluate the quality of work of pest control contracts must also be QAE trained in the pest management category or categories of work being performed.