EIC Fire Hazard Analysis - Prelim FP Assessment.pdf

Brookhaven National Laboratory Fire Protection Engineering

Preliminary Fire Protection Assessment

EIC Complex

July 28, 2023

EIC Preliminary Fire Hazard Analysis

Preliminary Fire Protection Assessment for the

EIC Complex

At

Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York

Prepared by:

Joe Levesque Date Principle Engineer, Fire Protection Engineering, BNL

Project Review:

Michael Kretschmann Date Manager Fire Protection Engineering, BNL

Conferred with Charles Foltz, EIC Lead Engineer

CONTENTS

1 Overview 5

1.1 Purpose and Methodology 5

1.2 EIC Project Description 5

1.3 EIC Complex Defined 7

2 Scope 8

3 EIC Location 9

4 Construction 9

4.1 New Building Layout, Size and Proposed Systems 9

4.2 Occupancy Classification 10

4.3 Existing Building Summaries 10

4.3.1 Injection Magnet Enclosure (Bldg. 1000), AGS Portion (Bldg. 927) 10

4.3.2 Injection Magnet Enclosure (Bldgs. 1000A, 1000E & 1000W), EIC Portion, and Main Magnet Enclosures 12

4.3.3 EIC Magnet Enclosure 12

4.3.4 Equipment Alcoves “A”, “B” and “C” at Bldgs. 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010, 1011, and 1012 14

4.3.5 Support Buildings Bldg. 1000P 15

4.3.6 Support Buildings 1005S 15

4.3.7 Compressor Building at 1005H 17

4.3.8 Bldg. 1005H Cooling Towers (Tower 7) 18

4.3.9 Support Bldg. 1005E 18

4.3.10 Bldg. 1007E 19

4.3.11 Bldg. 1008 C 19

4.3.12 EIC Support Buildings (“B” Series) 19

4.3.13 Bldg. 1002B 20

4.3.14 Bldg. 1004B 20

4.3.15 Bldg. 1006B 21

4.3.16 1008B 22

4.3.17 Bldg. 1010 and Bldg. 1012 22

4.4 Topics Related to Combing New EIC Facilities and Existing EIC Facilities 23

4.5 Fire Related Control Areas 23

4.6 Construction Type 23

4.7 Passive Fire Protection 23

4.7.1 Fire Areas 23

4.8 Mechanical Systems 26

4.8.1 Air Handling Units 26

4.8.2 Exhaust (including smoke removal) 26

4.8.3 Emergency Power 26

5 Fire Protection 28

5.1 Fire Suppression 28

5.1.1 Site Water Supply 28

5.1.2 Sprinkler System 28

5.1.3 Fire Standpipe Systems 29

5.1.4 Other Suppression Systems 29

5.2 Fire Alarm Systems 29

5.2.1 Site Fire Alarm System 29

5.2.2 Building Fire Alarm and Detection Systems 30

5.3 Fire Extinguishers 30

5.4 BNL Fire/Rescue Group 31

5.5 Pre-Fire and Emergency Planning 31

5.6 Fire Apparatus Accessibility 31

5.7 Fire Department Emergency Radio Communications System 31

5.8 Security Considerations Related to Fire Protection 32

6 Fire Hazards 33

6.1 Special Occupancies 33

6.1.1 Instrumentation and Data Processing Equipment 33

6.1.2 Vital and Important Records Storage 33

6.1.3 Trailers and Portable Structures 34

6.1.4 Cooling Towers 34

6.1.5 Electrical Substations 34

6.1.6 Flammable Liquid and Gas Storage 34

6.1.7 Cables and Raceway 34

6.2 Unique Fire Hazards 34

6.3 Housekeeping in Vital Areas 35

6.4 Building Materials 35

6.5 Exterior Exposure Hazards 35

6.6 Natural Phenomenon Hazard Exposure 35

6.6.1 Lightning Potential 35

6.6.2 Windstorm Potential 35

6.6.3 Snow Load Potential 35

6.6.4 Wildland Fire Potential 36

6.6.5 Seismic Potential 36

6.6.6 Flooding Potential 36

6.7 Toxic Fire Potential 36

6.8 Biological Fire Potential 36

6.9 Radiation Fire Potential 37

6.10 Protection of Essential Safety Class Systems 37

6.11 Protection of Vital Programs 37

6.12 Protection of High Value Property 37

6.13 Critical Process Equipment 37

6.14 Loss Potential 37

6.14.1 Maximum Possible Foreseeable Loss (MPFL) - Definition 37

6.14.2 The Maximum Credible Fire Loss (MCFL) - Definition 37

6.14.3 Methodology 38

6.15 Determining MPFL and MCFL 38

6.15.1 MPFL Scenario 39

6.15.2 MPFL & MCFL Summary - Existing Facilities 39

6.15.3 Recovery Potential 42

7 Life Safety Considerations 43

7.1 Duck Under for Magnet Enclosure 43

7.2 Ladder Crossovers Magnet Enclosure 43

7.3 Egress Distance for Magnet Enclosures 44

7.4 Vertical ladders and horizontal exits 44

7.5 Occupancy Load Factor 44

7.6 Means of Egress 45

7.6.1 Number and Arrangement of Exits 45

7.6.2 Capacity of Exits 45

7.6.3 Travel Distance 45

7.6.4 Dead-end Corridors and Common Path of Travel 46

7.6.5 Security Considerations Related to Fire Protection 46

7.6.6 Separation of Means of Egress 46

7.7 Exit Signs and Emergency Lighting 46

7.8 Non-Conventional Exits 47

7.9 Egress Through Adjoining/Intervening Spaces 47

7.10 Exit Discharge 47

7.11 Horizontal Sliding Doors 47

7.12 Fire Escape Ladders 47

7.13 Door Heights 48

7.14 Discharge to Roofs 48

7.15 Barriers 48

7.15.1 Occupancy Separations 48

7.15.2 Incidental Use Areas 48

7.15.3 Separation of Means of Egress 48

7.15.4 Exit Access Corridors 49

7.15.5 Vertical Opening Barriers 49

7.15.6 Egress Stairways 49

8 Summary of Changes for EIC 49

1 Overview

1.1 Purpose and Methodology

A Preliminary Fire Hazard Analysis (PFHA) was performed for the “Electron Ion Collider” (EIC) Complex planned for Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY. The current colliding beam accelerator, Realistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), will have an electron ring added to the Magnet Enclosure to improved physics of the beam. New support buildings are planned to supplement the needed equipment for the new warm magnet electron ring.

This report fulfills the requirement for documentation of a Preliminary Fire Hazard Assessment (PFHA) as outlined in DOE Order 420.1C, Facility Safety. At the earliest stages of the project, this PFHA assesses the risk from fire in the EIC based on current project plans to verify that the planned levels of fire protection meet the objectives of DOE Order 420.1C and the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Fire Safety Program.

The fundamental goal of the BNL Fire Safety Program is to control fire risks such that:

1) Public and employees are not unreasonably endangered by fire;

2) Vital Laboratory missions are maintained without significant interruption from fire;

3) Property losses are limited to less than $1 million dollars per occurrence, and lower when justified by cost-effective, risk reduction measures;

4) Damage to the environment is averted; and

5) The potential for occurrences of fires are avoided whenever economically feasible.

This PFHA is an evaluation of the fire hazards:

(1) that expose EIC’ s planned and existing facilities and

2) that are inherent hazards in the planned/existing buildings or particle accelerator operations.

1.2 EIC Project Description

The current RHIC accelerator has been in service for over 20 years. The colliding accelerator is a 2.4-mile underground Magnet Enclosure containing two super conducting accelerator rings which transport beams in opposite directions. EIC will add a concurrent electron accelerator in the Magnet Enclosure. Figure 2 shows the existing yellow and blue beamlines as yellow and blue circles. The red outlined magnets are locations of the new electron accelerator beamline. The electron beam line will cross back and forth over the cryogenic lines due to physic requirements. The diagram shows the inner and outer location of the electron line. One line will be present at a time for a given area. The fire standpipe is show at the far left as a red circle.

Figure 1 EIC planned tunnel cross section.

The existing RHIC complex includes two primary experimental halls (intersecting regions at Bldg. 1006 and 1008). Experimental detection equipment in these halls are excluded from this document and included in separate Safety Analysis Documents. This PFHA and the SADs for the intersection regions do include the potential interactions and issues for collocated facilities. No new experimental halls are planned. Data collection from the intersection regions is also a very essential function in these support buildings.

Several building around the ring support RF systems, cryogenic systems, instrumentation and electrical power for operations. EIC will add an electron electron injection accelerator, several power supply and support buildings. The original FHA was developed for RHIC when it was first built. The EIC PFHA document will provide a standalone reference for the fire safety planned for EIC.

The PFHA descriptions are based on field surveys of existing structures to be modified, as well as a review of proposals of new facilities. The evaluations in this report are based on information available at the time of this writing.

This assessment and PFHA demonstrates general achievement of a reasonable and equivalent level of fire safety that meets DOE improved risk objectives, except as noted within this document.

1.3 EIC Complex Defined

The scope of this review and the operations of EIC are limited to the complex shown below. The area in green is not being modified nor is it part of this evaluation. Existing Fire Hazard Analysis documents exist for these other areas (Bldg. 927, Bldg. 913, Bldg.

942, LINAC). These existing facilities are not being changed for EIC. The area shown in blue, red and yellow are areas being modified and are the subject of this report.

Figure 2 - Planned EIC Complex (exclude green sections for this PFHA). Diagram does not show support structures (new and existing) but show the existing accelerator Magnet Enclosure.

The existing buildings that are included in this evaluation include:

Injection Magnet Enclosure s (Bldgs. 1000A, 1000E & 1000W)

EIC Main Magnet Enclosures (Bldgs. 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006 – excluding detector, 1007, 1008 – excluding detector, 1009, 1010, 1011, and 1012)

Equipment Alcoves “A”, “B” and “C” at Bldgs. 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010, 1011, and 1012

Support Building (Bldg. 1000P)

Cryo Wing (Bldg. 1005R)

Compressor Building and Cooling Towers (Cryo Wing 1005H)

Support Buildings (Bldg. 1005E, 1007W)

EIC “B Series” Support Buildings at 2, 4, 6, 8 O’clock sections

Future Intersection Halls (Bldgs. 1010, 1012)

2 Scope

This PFHA is based on information supplied by the EIC proposal submitted to DOE.

Information was also available on the structures and infrastructure currently present for the operations of EIC. This data formed the basis for the information evaluated in this report.

The following codes and standards were utilized for this evaluation:

The Building Code of New York State 2020 Edition (BCNYS) International Code Council (ICC), International Building Code (IBC) 2020 Edition;

ICC, International Fire Code (IFC) 2020 Edition National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Codes, Standards, and

Recommended Practices DOE-STD-1066 “Fire Protection”

Where conflicting requirements were found the more conservative requirements were used in this evaluation.

It should be noted that the code of record for the existing EIC facilities dates back to the Uniform Building Code and the Life Safety Code in affect in 1980s, when the building designs were finalized.

3 EIC Location

BNL is located in Upton, New York. Upton is part of Suffolk County. The EIC Complex is located in the northern region of BNL, a 5,500-acre site owned by the Department of Energy and operated by Brookhaven Science Associates.

4 Construction

4.1 New Building Layout, Size and Proposed Systems

A diagram of the location of new facilities for EIC is provided in Appendix A.

The following table is a list of new building planned for EIC:

Building Designations Proposed GSQFT Remarks

Alcove Buildings:

ALC-01, ALC-03, ALC-05, ALC-11 8,000 4 @ 2,000 SF ea.

Main Alcove Building ALC-07/ALC-09 10,000

Cryo Facility 1006 1,200

Kicker Power Supply 1004 8,988 TWO FLOORS eSource Building 1002 20,532 TWO FLOORS

Cryo Facility 1010 2,400

Building 1010 69,965 TWO FLOORS

B1012 15,988 TWO FLOORS

TOTAL 137,073 GSQFT

All buildings will be non-combustible construction, New York State Building Code Type

IIB.

Roof systems will have Class A fire ratings for exterior ignition from sparks and flying brands from external fires. All steel deck roof systems will be Factory Mutual Class I systems (non-combustible) for protection from interior fires.

Floors will be concrete with mezzanines being concrete pour on steel deck. Existing and proposed construction for EIC are (will be) fully sprinklered Type IIB (note the existing tunnel will be provided with sprinkler protection for EIC).

Fire walls will be provided in accordance with the NY State Building Code when occupancy separations are needed. Separations will be provided when required for division of differing occupancies by the Building Code of New York State. Typical accelerator operations do not involve hazardous materials and therefore Maximum Allowable Quantities limits, by the building codes, are not reached. The Project does not anticipate fire walls to define hazardous material control areas.

Fire walls to limit the maximum creditable fire loss to less than $150M per fire area are not expected. One known exception is where in the EIC Magnet Enclosure/experimental halls meet. Normally a fire wall would be installed to isolate the high value contents from the two distinctly different areas. However, the need for beamlines to pass through the walls separating the Magnet Enclosure beam transport areas from the experimental areas conflicts with creating proper fire separations. Later in this document, offsetting conditions will be discussed as a basis previously accepted for an equivalency.

Size of the structures, square footage and height, will follow the New York Building Code limitations based on types of construction and fire protection provided.

4.2 Occupancy Classification

New and existing occupancies will be (are) power supply rooms, cryogenic systems, RF systems, instrumentation for accelerator control and beam transport systems. The New York State Building Code occupancy classification of F-1 best fits the occupancies. The International Code Council based New York State Building Code does not contain a specific classification for accelerators. While the occupancy title “Factory” is not a good description for an accelerator, the Code does list similar occupancies to help provide a proper classification. F-1 contains “Power Generating Plants”. Generating plants has the same occupancy density as accelerators, normally occupied by able bodied individuals familiar with the area, have high current/power electrical systems and similar equipment within structures.

The National Fire Protection Association “Life Safety Code”, NFPA 101, is also a required DOE documents related primarily to providing egress from facilities. NFPA 101’s “Special Purpose Industrial “is the closest classification for an accelerator and the support buildings (LSC classification includes “power plants”). The key elements are that the facilities have low fire hazards, low occupant densities, and much of the area occupied by machinery.

Building Number

Description Occupancy Type –

NFPA 101

Occupancy Type ‐ BCNYS

EIC

Facilities

Power supplies, beamlines, cooling systems, electronics

Special Purpose Industrial (SAF-IND)

F-1

4.3 Existing Building Summaries

4.3.1 Injection Magnet Enclosure (Bldg. 1000), AGS Portion (Bldg. 927)

The injection Magnet Enclosure starts at the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) Accelerator (Bldg. 913) and continues to the Ring Main Magnet Enclosures with the AGS “U” Line. From Bldg. 913 (the AGS Main Magnet Ring), the “U” Line transfers the beam northward using warm magnets. The Magnet Enclosure was constructed in 1971. It has a diameter of approximately 12 ft. and a total area of 16,300 sq. ft. The specific safety documentation for this Magnet Enclosure section contained the AGS Safety Analysis Report.

The following are pertinent facts related to EIC. The Magnet Enclosure is a non-combustible corrugated metal structure, with a Class A Flame Spread Rating, as per ASTM E-84. It is an underground, windowless structure, covered by a several feet of earthen berm. Chapter 40 of the Life Safety Code would apply. However, the Building Code of New York does not consider this a underground building. New Yor Buidling Code requires the lowest level of exit discharge to be no more than 30 ft. below grade (Section 405). EIC Magent enclosure has horizontal exits discharging essentially level to grade.

No exterior fire exposure exists.

There is no fire separation from the AGS “U” Line to the EIC injection line by Bldg. 1000A.

However, the AGS Tunnel is separated from the AGS “U Line” at the downstream end.

This section is called the “U-line Stub Tunnel.” A block wall separates the “U Line” from the downstream W-Line. The only penetration is the beam pipe. While it is not a listed fire rated assemble, it is an adequate separation to exclude fire transmittal. A key factor is the low fire loads on both sides of the barrier. These fire loads are inherent with this class of accelerators and are not expected to increase. The shield wall is thick masonry.

The beam line is metal.

The Magnet Enclosure is occupied by a warm magnet transport system and cable trays.

Full replacements are available for most magnets. The Switcher Magnet is the only exception. However, Switcher Magnet replacement coils are in critical parts stock.

Cables used in the older AGS portion of the “U” Line has been removed and replaced with IEEE 383 qualified cables and are not considered a major combustible. There are several RG-58 and RG-59 cables that are not IEEE qualified. These are UL listed as CL2. They do not pose an excessive hazard in a fully sprinklered facility. No other significant combustibles exist beyond the cables. Power supplies for this section of transfer line are housed in Bldg. 1000P (see description section for Bldg. 1000P). Beam line Instrumentation is present in the trailer located to the east side of Bldg. 927.

The entire “U Line” is fully sprinklered by a dry pipe sprinkler station in Bldg. 927. The exception is a sealed chamber to the north of Bldg. 927. The chamber has no contents nor access. There is no fire detection system in this section of Bldg. 927's tunnel, only manual fire alarm stations at the exits.

4.3.2 Injection Magnet Enclosure (Bldgs. 1000A, 1000E & 1000W), EIC Portion, and Main Magnet Enclosures

This analysis starts at the EIC /AGS interface point, downstream of the W-line, south portion of Bldg. 1000A. The Magnet Enclosure segment is called the EIC injection line.

This section of the injection Magnet Enclosure (Bldgs. 1000A, 1000E & 1000W) is a 12

ft. diameter corrugated metal Magnet Enclosure with a level walking surface (See Figure 1 of EIC with two cryo lines and one warm electron magnet line). There is a wider transition structure by Bldg. 1000A that is of concrete construction and does not pose any addition concerns. Several feet of an earthen berm (approximately 15 ft.) cover the Magnet Enclosure for radiation shielding. This cover precludes any external fire exposure problems effecting the Magnet Enclosure operations. The interior surface to the Magnet Enclosure is either bare metal or painted concrete, both are considered to have a Class A flame spread as per ASTM E-84. The beamline in this area is also a warm magnet system with cable trays. The cabling in the trays is IEEE 383 rated and is not a significant source of combustible material. The magnets in this injection line are of the warm type.

Replacement coils or entire replacement magnets are available.

4.3.3 EIC Magnet Enclosure

The Magnet Enclosure for the EIC Magnet Enclosure is similar to the Magnet Enclosures regions around the entire EIC Magnet Enclosure (Bldgs. 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010, 1011, and 1012). Each sextant has a total area of approximately 43,600 sq. ft. All these structures were constructed in 1981.

Fire detection within the Magnet Enclosure complies with NFPA 72 – 82 ed. for a Style 7D system. Manual fire alarm boxes are provided by all exit doors from the Magnet Enclosure and at midpoints between exits. Fire detection is provided on 40 ft. maximum spacing in the Magnet Enclosure. The narrow width of the Magnet Enclosure places the effective area per detector at less than 500 sq. ft. Each detector location has a spot type smoke detector and a separate heat detector. Separate zones are used for the heat detectors/fire manuals and smoke detectors. The smoke detectors alternate between photoelectric and ionization type of detectors, as a best management practice.

Photoelectric detectors detect Smokey electrical fires better, while ionization detectors are more sensitive to clean burning, ordinary combustibles better. The dual system of smoke detectors and heat detectors has been installed to allow deactivation of the smoke detectors while maintaining some level of fire detection. History with accelerator Magnet Enclosures has shown that there will be occasions when smoke detectors will need to be deactivated (cutting/welding in the area, internal combustion vehicles, system troubles, grinding operations). The heat detector zone, and the associated manual fire alarms on that zone, would remain in service, allowing continued facility operations. Fire alarm bells and strobes have been provided in the Magnet Enclosure to provide notification to the facility occupants. This complies with NFPA 72H and ADA requirements.

The signals from the fire alarm system reports to the BNL Fire/Rescue Group through the Site Fire Alarm System as previously described.

As part of the EIC upgrade, the fire alarm system within the Magnet Enclosure will be replaced with an air aspirating detector. The highly sensitive smoke detection equipment will enable earlier detection. Control panels will be located in Equipment Alcoves to minimize radiation damage to the equipment.

Fire Extinguishers will be located around the ring to meet NFPA 10.

Since access into the Magnet Enclosure is difficult for manual firefighting efforts, standpipes have been provided in all EIC Magnet Enclosure areas. The four-inch standpipe lines have 2 ½ inch connections reduced to 1 ½ inch outlets. Outlets are spaced every 150 ft. The standpipe is supplied by stations at 1002, 1004, 1006, 1008, 1010 and 1012. Fire department connections are located by the sprinkler/standpipe riser supply stations and at all “B” alcove exit points around the ring (horizontal exit points).

With the EIC upgrade, the replacement of the fire standpipe system is planned due to Microbial Induced Corrosion damage that has occurred in the past. Water conditions have changed but concerns over weakening of the pipe system are still valid. It will be a like in kind replacement.

The Magnet Enclosure is a windowless structure. To provide a means to remove smoke, the Magnet Enclosures have an exhaust system installed. The system has a dual function of removing helium if a release occurs from the cryogenic magnets. The exhaust system is designed to have a 100 f.p.m. face velocity across the Magnet Enclosure diameter.

The system will provide an air change every six minutes. Intakes and exhausts are at the exits and midpoints around the Magnet Enclosure. The exhaust systems controls are divided by sextants. Activation of the emergency exhaust system is by manual activation at the sextant’s entrance. Automatic fan activation is controlled by the EIC Particle Accelerator Safety System. Activation signals are sent from the Fire Alarm panels and will occur when the Magnet Enclosure is occupied. Fan activation is divided into sextants, corresponding with the fire alarm zones for the areas.

Life Safety Analysis for Bldgs. 1002A, 1004A, 1006A, 1008A, and 1010, 1012, have been performed for the original construction and occupancy. AN exemption request was made and approved for the Magent Enclsoure to have up to 400 ft. travel distance to an exit.

This was approvded by DOE in 199, given the one story, limited combustible anture of this special purpose industrial occupancy (using the Life Safety Code as BCNYS was not established yet). Plans are to provide sprinkler protection in the EIC modifications to the Magent Enclsoures. Life safety related conditions remain unchanged except as noted below.

One item has changed from the previous Magnet Enclosure Life Safety Analysis of EIC.

Two “Spur “tunnels have been added to the clockwise and counterclockwise sections of Bldg. 1008. These one hundred forty feet long tunnels have the sole purpose of allowing magnets into and out of the Ring. They will be capped with shielding blocks at the discharge to the tunnel exterior. The interior access has locked gate with appropriate signs to exclude use, storage and confusion as corridor (avoids maximum dead-end distance issues). Common path of travels distance would be exceeded if these tunnels were accessible when the shielding blocks were in place. With the controlled nature of accelerator tunnels, there is a high degree of confidence that this configuration is maintained. See Life Safety Code 40.2.1.2 for unoccupied, infrequently accessed, sealed areas not requiring compliance with Chapter 7.

4.3.4 Equipment Alcoves “A”, “B” and “C” at Bldgs. 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010, 1011, and 1012

Three Equipment Alcoves are located in each Sextant of the Ring. They are equally spaced along the Ring. The equipment alcoves are small rooms (15ft. by 17ft. by 12 ft.

high) located off the EIC Magnet Enclosure. These structures are also underground, and do not have external fire exposure potentials. Three alcoves are in each sextant and are equally spaced. Six-inch concrete block walls and a 1 ½ hour fire rated doors provides a two-hour fire rated barrier. This two-hour fire barrier classifies the alcoves as separate structures and separate fire loss areas from the Collider Magnet Enclosure. Cable trays penetrate this wall but are sealed with fire rated stopping. Installation for EIC will include repair or resealing of fire stopping. It was noted the fire door from the alcoves with vertical exits had been removed due to oxygen deficiency hazard concerns. The removal of the doors affect proerety protection, do not affect travel distance, but do affect protection of people exiting the facility. This condition is being looked into and will be resovle with the development of the EIC project.

The alcoves are used for power supplies, beam line instrumentation and vacuum system controls. There are no significant quantities of combustible materials or oils. All the electrical installations comply with the National Electrical Code (NFPA 70). The cable used is all IEEE 383 rated.

The descriptions and analysis of exiting arrangements and compliance with the NFPA Life Safety Code for the original construction of EIC Magnet Enclosure. The Life Safety Analysis for Bldgs. 1002A, 1004A, 1006A, 1008A, 1010A, and 1012A have remained unchanged since the initial analysis.

The alcoves are protected by spot type smoke detection. Manual pull alarms are also provided at entrance and exit doorways. Bells and Strobes provide local annunciation.

4.3.5 Support Buildings Bldg. 1000P

Bldg. 1000P is a one story prefabricated insulated metal skin building of 2,400 sq. ft., built in 1981. The facility is used for housing power supplies, vacuum systems, and beam line control instrumentation in support of the injection beam transport line to the EIC Accelerator and the AGS injection line for EIC. At this point in the beam transfer line, the magnets are standard warm line transfer. The power supplies represent the largest dollar value in the facility. There are four large SCR power supplies, valued at $100k each.

They are not oil filled and have small combustible content (coil windings, printed circuit boards). There is an additional eight 10kw to 20kw power supplies, valued at $10k to $15k each. Total value within the facility is approximately $600k.

The facility is provided with smoke detection, manual fire alarm pull boxes and local bells.

To the west of Bldg. 1000P is a transformer yard. A fire wall has been constructed to isolate the transformers and protect the building as per Factory Mutual Data Sheets.

There are no other fire exposures to this facility. Emergency power is provided by generator for lighting. This generator also provides power for the Ring Emergency Exhaust System.

The descriptions and analysis of Bldg. 1000P’s exiting arrangements and compliance with the NFPA Life Safety Code was conducted as part of an overall EIC life safety survey.

4.3.6 Support Buildings 1005S

Bldg. 1005S is a four-story insulated metal building with a basement, built in 1981. The floor/ceiling units are poured concrete on a metal deck. Two-hour, sprayed on, fire resistive coating has been applied. Interior stairwells are two-hour fire rated. One vertical shaft connects the third floor (what was planned to be the RHIC Control Room but was abandoned) to the basement access to the Collider Magnet Enclosure. The original use of this shaft was for control cabling for then RHIC Accelerator. With the uses of fiber optics and the new control architecture, the shaft is virtually empty. Plans are to protect the shaft with fire rated enclosure. The roof is a Class I steel deck roof per Factory Mutual Standards.

The main facility is used for offices on the second, third and fourth floor. The third floor also has the EIC Control Room. A separate one-hour fire rated enclosure has been provided for the Control Room. The west section of the first floor is used for technician labs (tabletop electronics work, no flammable liquids). The technicians’ area is separated from the office area by a two-hour fire wall and two-hour sprayed on fire proofing on the ceiling.

Appended to Bldg. 1005S is a one-story wing constructed on the east side. A two-hour fire rated wall separates the laboratory wing from the multistory section. The Laboratory wing has a Class I steel deck roof. It is approximately 3,000 sq. ft. of the total 45,700 sq.

ft. for the facility. It is currently used for development of RF power systems. It is a low fire hazard occupancy by NFPA 13 Standards.

Part of Bldg. 1005S is the Cryo Wing, also known as Bldg. 1005R. This is a one-story addition to the west side of approximately 5,000 sq. ft. The Cryo Wing facility is built on concrete slab, with concrete block walls and a Class I steel deck roof per Factory Mutual Standards. Portions of this structure have an external insulation system of polystyrene boards covered with a Cementous covering. This arrangement complies with the guidance of Factory Mutual Engineering Association 1-57, Ridged Plastics in Building Construction. It does not pose an interior fire hazard. The Cryo Wing houses the Koch refrigeration units used to cool the cryogenic gases. Vacuum pumps oil is the main combustible material. This oil is normally contained in the pumps or stored in 5-gallon metal cans (DOT Shipping containers). This area also has an ODH alarm system which is connected into the EIC Particle Acclerator Safety System and not into the Site Fire Alarm System.

All areas of Building 1005S have sprinkler protection. Bldg. 1005R is fully sprinklered, except the area under the 3,600 sq. ft. mezzanine and a 600 sq. ft. prefabricated modular office. At the time of this writing, plans are to install sprinkler protection under this mezzanine before EIC becomes operational. The modular office will have either sprinkler protection, or it will be removed depending on operational requirements.

The main building’s elevator lobby has been provided with smoke detection. The air handler system also has HVAC smoke detection. These HVAC smoke detectors are interlocked for fan shutdowns. However, they are not tied into the building fire alarm systems (reference NFPA 90A). At the time of this writing, plans are to connect these detectors into the building fire alarm system.

Standpipes are provided in the stairwells of this four-story structure. The fire alarm control panel is connected to the on-site Fire/Rescue Group. Manual fire alarm pull stations are provided at each entrance to the stairways and at building exits. Bells are provided throughout to alert building occupants. The fire alarm system is connected to the Fire/Rescue Group via the Site Fire Alarm System. The ODH alarms in the compressor wing and in the in EIC Main Control Room via the Particle Accelerator Safety System. It is not connected to the Site Fire Alarm System.

Fire extinguishers are provided throughout the facility to meet NFPA 10.

Bldg. 1005S is sufficiently remote from other structures as not to have exterior fire exposure concerns from other facilities.

The descriptions and analysis of Bldg. 1005S’s and Bldg. 1005R’s exiting arrangements and compliance with the NFPA Life Safety Code was performed as part of an overall EIC life safety survey.

4.3.7 Compressor Building at 1005H

Bldg. 1005H is a one story, concrete block walled building of 11,100 sq. ft., built in 1981.

The roof system is a Class I steel deck roof. Portions of this structure have an external insulation system of polystyrene boards covered with a Cementous covering. This arrangement complies with the guidance of Factory Mutual Engineering Association 1- 57, Rigid Plastics in Building Construction. It does not pose an interior fire hazard.

The facility is used for housing the helium compressors for the EIC cryogenic systems.

The occupancy is characterized as a mechanical equipment space with limited combustibles.

Automatic sprinkler protection is provided throughout Bldg. 1005H. The only exception is the remote pump house for the cooling towers and the electrical distribution room on the south side of Bldg. 1005H. Both areas have detection. These areas are provided with smoke detection and are enclosed in a one-hour fire rated room. Smoke detection, the waterflow switch and the sprinkler post indicator valve tamper switch, are connected to the Site Fire Alarm System. The ODH alarms in the refrigerator facility reports to the Firehouse via the Site Fire Alarm System.

Manual fire alarm pull stations are provided at each entrance to the stairways and at building exits. Bells equipped with strobe lights are provided throughout to alert building occupants. The fire alarm system is connected to the Fire/Rescue Group via the Site Fire Alarm System.

Fire extinguishers are provided throughout the facility to meet NFPA 10.

Bldg. 1005H is sufficiently remote from other structures as not to have exterior fire exposure concerns. For Wildfire exposure concerns, see the CAD Wildland Fire Survey Report.

The descriptions and analysis of Bldg. 1005H’s exiting arrangements and compliance with the NFPA Life Safety Code was performed as part of an overall EIC life safety survey.

4.3.8 Bldg. 1005H Cooling Towers (Tower 7)

A six-cell cooling tower is to the east of Bldg. 1005. It was built in 1981. The 30-foot wide by 120 feet long tower is essential in dissipating the heat from the cryogenic compressors in the refrigeration process. The cooling tower is an induced draft cross flow unit with poly fill and wooden decks. Divisions between individual cells are double sided ½ inch plywood on wooden studs. The cooling tower does contain cable type fire detection but does not contain a suppression system. Plans are to replace the cooling tower. The opportunity will be taken to minimize combustibles and avoid the need for sprinkler protection following Factory Mutual Loss Prevention Data Sheets and NFPA 214.

The cooling tower is considered a piece of equipment and a Life Safety Analysis has not been performed.

A 30 ft. by 40 ft. pump house is attached to the south of the cooling towers. The wall is masonry. The roof is a gravel covered steel deck roof. The pump house contains water pumps and electrical controls for the cooling tower. The pump hose is provided with heat detection and a manual fire alarm box.

Replacement value for the existing wooden portion of the cooling towers and the fan units (i.e., The concrete basin remains usable) is $900K. Reconstruction would take 4 months.

4.3.9 Support Bldg. 1005E

Bldg. 1005E is a one story prefabricated insulated metal skin building constructed on a concrete slab. Total area is 4,900 sq. ft. for this 25-foot-high building. The facility was constructed in 1981. It is provided with smoke detection, manual fire alarms and bells for local annunciation. Smoke detectors are mounted on pendants dropped from the ceiling to account for smoke layering. This design was based on smoke tests conducted by BNL fire protection engineering in 1980. The fire alarm control panel is located in Bldg. 1006A.

Standpipes are provided from the EIC Magnet Enclosure. A Fire Department Connection is located at this facility for use in supplementing the Magnet Enclosure’s standpipe system.

No major modifications are being made to this facility. Being under 5,000 sq. ft., provision of sprinkler protection is not planned.

Bldg. 1005E houses the power supplies for a portion of the EIC injection line at the 6 o’clock sextant. Approximately 10 small power supplies (in the 20Kw range) are located in this facility. These are standard power supplies. In addition to the power supplies a BLUM tube are located in the structure. The tube contains approximately 30 gallons of high flash point oil within a steel pipe.

The descriptions and analysis of Bldg. 1005E’s exiting arrangements and compliance with the NFPA Life Safety Code was performed as part of an overall EIC life safety survey.

4.3.10 Bldg. 1007E

Bldg. 1007E is a one story prefabricated insulated metal skin building constructed on a concrete slab. Total area is 4,900 sq. ft. for this 25-foot-high building. The facility was constructed in 1981. It is provided with smoke detection, manual fire alarms and bells for local annunciation. Smoke detectors are mounted on pendants dropped from the ceiling to account for smoke layering. This design was based on smoke tests conducted by BNL fire protection engineering in 1980. The fire alarm control panel is located in Bldg. 1006A.

Standpipes are provided from the EIC Magnet Enclosure. A Fire Department Connection is located at this facility for use in supplementing the Magnet Enclosure’s standpipe system.

No major modifications are being made to this facility. Being under 5,000 sq. ft., provision of sprinkler protection is not planned.

The descriptions and analysis of Bldg. 1007E’s exiting arrangements and compliance with the NFPA Life Safety Code was performed as part of an overall EIC life safety survey.

4.3.11 Bldg. 1008 C

Building 1008C is a one story insulated metal skin building constructed on a concrete slab. Total area is 1163 sq. ft. with an internal mezzanine. The facility was built in 1997 It is provided with smoke detection, manual fire alarms and bells for local annunciation.

The fire alarm control panel is located in Bldg. 1008B. The facility is used for a counting house supporting the experiment in 1008.

No major modifications are being made to this facility. Being under 5,000 sq. ft., provision of sprinkler protection is not planned.

4.3.12 EIC Support Buildings (“B” Series)

At various points around the EIC, electrical power and control signals are interfaced between cryogenic systems and warm systems. These interface points occur at the “B” series buildings found around the EIC Ring at 2, 4, 6, and 8 o’clock. Each facility contains power supplies, a cryogenic to warm transition point, valve boxes to isolate cryogenic segments of the EIC Ring and beamline instrumentation. Except for 1004B, which contains a mini satellite control room, they preform essentially the same function. They all have similar features.

4.3.13 Bldg. 1002B

Bldg. 1002B is a 3,200 sq. ft. addition to Bldg. 1002, which is found on the interior of the EIC Ring. Year of construction is 1995. The addition is a one story 20 ft. high prefabricated insulated metal building. There is no fire barrier between Bldg. 1002's Technical Support Area’s and Bldg. 1002B. Occupancies of these two areas are to be low fire hazard operations (technical support, electronic support for the Ring). An interior one-hour fire rated room has been constructed to house electronics (valued at less than $500k). Roof construction is Class I by Factory Mutual Standards. Interior finish has a Class A flame spread rating. Smoke detection has been provided at the ceiling level.

Manual fire alarm pull boxes are located by exits. Combination bell and strobe lights have been installed for local notification. All fire alarm and supervisory devices have been tied back to the BNL Fire/Rescue Group via the Site Fire Alarm System.

Bldg. 1002B receives its power from Bldg. 1002A (Bldg. 1002A is covered in a Collider Acceleration Division Experimental Review). There is no exposure concern with the transformer yard to Bldg. 1002A, Emergency power is provided by generator for lighting and fire alarm systems.

No major modifications are being made to this facility. Being under 5,000 sq. ft., provision of sprinkler protection is not planned.

The descriptions and analysis of Bldg. 1002B’s exiting arrangements and compliance with the NFPA Life Safety Code was performed as part of an the original EIC Life Safety Survey. Conditions remain unchanged.

Fire extinguishers are provided throughout the facility to meet NFPA 10.

4.3.14 Bldg. 1004B

Bldg. 1004B is a 4,800 sq. ft. free standing structure on the outside of the EIC Ring at the 4 o’clock sextant. Year of construction is 1995. The structure is a one story 20 ft. high prefabricated insulated metal building. There are no exterior fire exposures for this facility. In addition to the standard functions of the “B” buildings, an interior one-hour fire rated room has been constructed to house electronics (valued at less than $500k). Its purpose is to act as a remote-control room. Due to the fiber optic nature of the EIC control systems, remote locations can be used to provided full control of the operations. Bldg.

1004 has been established to provide a backup location to the control room in Bldg.

1005S, third floor. Roof construction is Class I by Factory Mutual Standards. Interior finish has a Class A flame spread rating. The facility is fully sprinklered and fully supervised according to NFPA 13 Standards. Smoke detection has been provided at the ceiling level to protect the high valued power supplies (valued more than $1 million).

Manual fire alarm pull boxes are located by exits. Combination bell and strobe lights have been installed for local notification. An independent fire alarm panel has been installed to provide coverage for this facility. All fire alarm and supervisory devices have been tied back to the BNL Fire/Rescue Group via the Site Fire Alarm System. Interior of the ring

Bldg. 1004B receives its power from Bldg. 1004A. There are no exposure fire concerns from electrical transformers. Emergency generator power is provided for emergency lighting and fire alarm systems.

NFPA Life Safety Code was performed as part of an the original EIC Life Safety Survey.

Conditions remain unchanged.

Fire extinguishers are provided throughout the facility to meet NFPA 10.

4.3.15 Bldg. 1006B

Bldg. 1006B is a 3,200 sq. ft. free standing structure on the outside of the EIC Ring at the 6 o’clock sextant. The structure is a one story 20 ft. high prefabricated insulated metal building, built in 1995. There are no exterior fire exposures for this facility. An interior one-hour fire rated room has been constructed to house electronics (valued at less than $500k). Roof construction is Class I by Factory Mutual Standards. Interior finish has a Class A flame spread rating. Smoke detection has been provided at the ceiling level to protect the low valued electronics (valued less than $500k). Manual fire alarm pull boxes are located by exits. Combination bell and strobe lights have been installed for local notification. An independent fire alarm panel has been installed to provide coverage for this facility. All fire alarm and supervisory devices have been tied back to the BNL Fire/Rescue Group via the Site Fire Alarm System.

No major modifications are being made to this facility. Being under 5,000 sq. ft., provision of sprinkler protection is not planned.

Bldg. 1006B receives its power from Bldg. 1006A. There are no exposure fire concerns from electrical transformers. Emergency generator power is provided for emergency lighting and the fire alarm system.

NFPA Life Safety Code was performed as part of an the original EIC Life Safety Survey.

Conditions remain unchanged.

Fire extinguishers are provided throughout the facility to meet NFPA 10.

4.3.16 1008B

Bldg. 1008B is a 3,200 sq. ft. free standing structure on the outside of the EIC Ring at the 8 o’clock sextant. The structure is a one story 20 ft. high prefabricated insulated metal building, built in 1995. There are no exterior fire exposures for this facility. An interior one-hour fire rated room has been constructed to house electronics (valued at less than $500k). The experiment at Bldg. 1008 plans to house several small power supplies within the facility. While all details are not available at the time of this report, they supply will be valued at less than $100k and will be like the EIC Accelerator Supplies. Roof construction is Class I by Factory Mutual Standards. Interior finish has a Class A flame spread rating.

Smoke detection has been provided at the ceiling level to protect the low valued electronics. Manual fire alarm pull boxes are located by exits. Combination bell and strobe lights have been installed for local notification. An independent fire alarm panel has been installed to provide coverage for this facility. All fire alarm and supervisory devices have been tied back to the BNL Fire/Rescue Group via the Site Fire Alarm System.

No major modifications are being made to this facility. Being under 5,000 sq. ft., provision of sprinkler protection is not planned.

Bldg. 1008B receives its power from Bldg. 1008A. There are no exposure fire concerns from electrical transformers. Emergency power is provided generator for emergency lighting and fire alarm systems.

NFPA Life Safety Code was performed as part of an the original EIC Life Safety Survey.

Conditions remain unchanged except a second exit was provided from the experimental hall as recommended in the survey.

Fire extinguishers are provided throughout the facility to meet NFPA 10.

4.3.17 Bldg. 1010 and Bldg. 1012

Bldg. 1010 and Bldg. 1012 are future sites of experimental hall facilities. The corrugated Magnet Enclosures end at a bulkhead and shielding blocks have enclosed the spaces.

A beam dump is located in this area, one for each ion beam. The kicker uses pulse firing networks to provide the instantons power needed. Accelerators have had problems with pulse firing network capacitors in the past. Fire have started with constant use pulse firing networks. EIC pulse firing networks are not in constant use and do not have the same fatigue problem with the capacitors. Pulse firing capacitors leak the dielectric oil from seals. Routine inspections of these seals are made to further minimize the chance of a fire.

The support building attached to the Magnet Enclosure will be used for small the 10kw to 20kw power supplies needed to support the warm beam line segment. The nonremovable sections of these Magnet Enclosures have been fully sprinklered. Smoke detection and fire alarm bell/strobe units have been provided. Alarms and sprinkler valve supervision are connected to the Site Fire Alarm System.

NFPA Life Safety Code was performed as part of an the original EIC Life Safety Survey.

Conditions remain unchanged.

4.4 Topics Related to Combing New EIC Facilities and Existing EIC Facilities

4.5 Fire Related Control Areas

Control Areas are provided within the code to limit the amounts of hazardous materials involved in fires. Typical accelerator areas are devoid of hazardous materials. The cryogenic magnets have inert gases, which are not considered definitions within the codes, which are analyzed for oxygen deficiency hazards under a separate document.

The Materials at Risk (MAQ) are well under restricted limits based on current operation experience projected to the new configuration. The electron ring is not expected to add any hazardous chemicals. The only possible exception is the experimental halls. Particle detectors in the intersection region have been using flammable gas mixtures to a very limited quantity. These experimental detectors are reviewed separately as part of the Accelerator Safety Committee function, of which fire protection engineering is represented. Both intersection halls, 6 o’clock and 8 o’clock, have separate fire hazard assessments.

4.6 Construction Type

Life Safety Code

The LSC does not specify a minimum construction type for existing industrial occupancies. Thus, the existing construction complies with LSC requirements.

Building Code of New York State

BCNYS contain criteria for the allowable height and area of buildings based on their occupancies and construction type. Section 504 and 505 is being applied to new designs and structures. Building heights are not planned to exceed two stories. Type IIB construction with full sprinkler protection for each new building is planned. For two story F-1 occupancies, this allows unlimited floor areas.

4.7 Passive Fire Protection

Passive fire protection features include fire-resistive construction, fire doors, fire windows, and fire and smoke dampers. The features are provided to limit fire spread and damage from the area of fire origin to other portions of the building.

4.7.1 Fire Areas

Current plans for new facilities will not warrant the establishment of fire areas. New facility and expected equipment costs are currently well below $350 Million per facility area (area being a facility and its special separation from other nearby structures). It is estimated that the individual new facilities will be less than $5M in all cases with contents approaching $4M. $350M is a DOE trigger number for providing High Challenge Fire Walls (2, 3 or 4 hour fire walls).

New facilities will be fully protected by sprinkler systems and are not likely to exceed two stories. Hence fire rated enclosures for stairs with are not anticipated.

The existing Intersection Hall (Detector buildings at Bldgs. 1006 & 1008) have the highest concentrated value. The majority of dollar value for the is in the STAR Detector (>$60 million design and construction costs; replacement cost of $30 million). The Detector primary location is the Wide Angle Hall in 1006 where it is placed in the beamline to collect data from particle interactions.