Earthwork.docx
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About this file
This document is a technical specification section (Section 31 20 00) for earthwork operations, detailing comprehensive requirements for site preparation, excavation, filling, backfilling, and grading for a VA Medical Center project. The specification covers multiple critical aspects of earthwork, including site clearing, excavation classifications, material requirements, and execution standards, with specific guidelines for utility trenches, subgrade preparation, compaction, and disposal of materials.
Key technical requirements include using approved fill materials meeting ASTM soil classification standards, compacting materials to specified density percentages (85-95% depending on location), and following precise installation procedures for utility lines and backfilling. The document mandates careful soil testing, including checks for hydrocarbons and contaminants, and specifies detailed requirements for bedding, drainage fill, and warning tapes for buried utility lines. The earthwork is part of a broader project to resurface roadways and a patient parking lot at the Albany VA Medical Center, with strict engineering and environmental compliance standards.
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08-01-2023
SECTION 31 20 00
EARTHwork
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION OF WORK:
| A. | This section specifies the requirements for furnishing all equipment, materials, labor, tools, and techniques for earthwork including, but not limited to, the following: |
| 1. | Site preparation. |
| 2. | Excavation. |
| 3. | Underpinning. |
| 4. | Filling and backfilling. |
| 5. | Grading. |
| 6. | Soil Disposal. |
| 7. | Clean Up. |
1.2 DEFINITIONS:
| A. | Unsuitable Materials: |
| 1. | Fills: Topsoil; frozen materials; construction materials and materials subject to decomposition; clods of clay and stones larger than 75 mm (3 inches); organic material, including silts, which are unstable; and inorganic materials, including silts, too wet to be stable and any material with a liquid limit and plasticity index exceeding 40 and 15 respectively. Unsatisfactory soils also include satisfactory soils not maintained within 2 percent of optimum moisture content at time of compaction, as defined by ASTM D1557. |
| 2. | Existing Subgrade: Same materials as 1.2.A.1, that are not capable of direct support of slabs, pavement, and similar items with possible exception of improvement by compaction, proof-rolling, or similar methods. |
| B. | Trench Earthwork: Trenchwork required for utility lines. |
| C. | Site Earthwork: Earthwork operations required in area outside of a line located 1500 mm (5 feet) outside of principal building perimeter and within new construction area with exceptions noted above. |
| D. | Degree of compaction: Degree of compaction is expressed as a percentage of maximum density obtained by laboratory test procedure. This percentage of maximum density is obtained through use of data provided from results of field test procedures presented in ASTM D1556. |
| E. | Fill: Satisfactory soil materials used to raise existing grades. In the Construction Documents, the term “fill” means fill or backfill as appropriate. |
| F. | Backfill: Soil materials or controlled low strength material used to fill an excavation. |
| G. | Unauthorized excavation: Removal of materials beyond indicated sub-grade elevations or indicated lines and dimensions without written authorization by the Resident Engineer. No payment will be made for unauthorized excavation or remedial work required to correct unauthorized excavation. |
| H. | Authorized additional excavation: Removal of additional material authorized by the Resident Engineer based on the determination by the Government’s soils testing agency that unsuitable bearing materials are encountered at required sub-grade elevations. Removal of unsuitable material and its replacement as directed will be paid on basis of Conditions of the Contract relative to changes in work. |
| I. | Subgrade: The undisturbed earth or the compacted soil layer immediately below granular sub-base, drainage fill, or topsoil materials. |
| J. | Structure: Buildings, foundations, slabs, tanks, curbs, mechanical and electrical appurtenances, or other man-made stationary features constructed above or below the ground surface. |
| K. | Borrow: Satisfactory soil imported from off-site for use as fill or backfill. |
| L. | Sub-base Course: Layer placed between the sub-grade and base course for asphalt paving or layer placed between the sub-grade and a concrete pavement or walk. |
| M. | Utilities include on-site underground pipes, conduits, ducts, and cables as well as underground services within buildings. |
| N. | Debris: Debris includes all materials located within the designated work area not covered in the other definitions and shall include but not be limited to items like vehicles, equipment, appliances, building materials or remains thereof, tires, any solid or liquid chemicals or products stored or found in containers or spilled on the ground. |
| O. | Contaminated soils: Soil that contains contaminates as defined and determined by the Resident Engineer or the Government’s testing agency. |
1.3 RELATED WORK:
| A. | Materials testing and inspection during construction: Section 01 45 29, TESTING LABORATORY SERVICES. |
| B. | Safety requirements: Section 00 72 00, GENERAL CONDITIONS, Article, ACCIDENT PREVENTION. |
| C. | Protection of existing utilities, fire protection services, existing equipment, roads, and pavements: Section 01 00 00, GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. |
| D. | Subsurface Investigation: Section 01 00 00, GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, Article, PHYSICAL DATA. |
| E. | Paving sub-grade requirements: Section 32 12 16, ASPHALT PAVING.// |
1.4 CLASSIFICATION OF EXCAVATION:
| A. | Unclassified Excavation: Removal and disposal of pavements and other man-made obstructions visible on surface; utilities, and other items including underground structures indicated to be demolished and removed; together with any type of materials regardless of character of material and obstructions encountered. |
| B. | Classified Excavation: Removal and disposal of all material not defined as Rock. |
| C. | Rock Excavation: |
| 1. | Trenches and Pits: Removal and disposal of solid, homogenous, interlocking crystalline material with firmly cemented, laminated, or foliated masses or conglomerate deposits that cannot be excavated with a late-model, track-mounted hydraulic excavator; equipped with a 1050 mm (42 inch) wide, short-tip-radius rock bucket; rated at not less than 103 kW (138 hp) flywheel power with bucket-curling force of not less than 125 kN (28,090 lbf) and stick-crowd force of not less than 84.5 kN (19,000 lbf); measured according to SAE J-1179. Trenches in excess of 3000 mm (10 feet) wide and pits in excess of 9000 mm (30 feet) in either length or width are classified as open excavation. |
| 2. | Open Excavation: Removal and disposal of solid, homogenous, interlocking crystalline material firmly cemented, laminated, or foliated masses or conglomerate deposits that cannot be dislodged and excavated with a late-model, track-mounted loader; rated at not less than 157 kW (210 hp) flywheel power and developing a minimum of 216 kN (48,510 lbf) breakout force; measured according to SAE J-732. |
| 3. | Other types of materials classified as rock are unstratified masses, conglomerated deposits and boulders of rock material exceeding 0.76 m3 (1 cubic yard) for open excavation, or 0.57 m3 (3/4 cubic yard) for footing and trench excavation that cannot be removed by rock excavating equipment equivalent to the above in size and performance ratings, without systematic drilling, ram hammering, ripping, or blasting, when permitted. |
| 4. | Definitions of rock and guidelines for equipment are presented for general information purposes only. The Contractor is not expected to encounter rock in this project. |
1.5 SUBMITTALS:
| A. | Submit in accordance with Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, AND SAMPLES. |
| B. | Rock Excavation Report: |
| 1. | Certification of rock quantities excavated. |
| 2. | Excavation method. |
| 3. | Labor. |
| 4. | Equipment. |
| 5. | Land Surveyor's or Civil Engineer's name and official registration stamp. |
| 6. | Plot plan showing elevation. |
| C. | Furnish to Contracting Officer’s Representative: |
| 1. | Contactor shall furnish resumes with all personnel involved in the project including Project Manager and Superintendent. Project Manager and Superintendent should have at least 3 years of experience on projects of similar size. |
| 2. | Contractor shall submit procedure and location for disposal of unused satisfactory material. Proposed source of borrow material. Notification of encountering rock in the project. Notification of encountering materials of an archaeological nature. Advance notice on the opening of excavation or borrow areas. Advance notice on shoulder construction for rigid pavements. |
1.6 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS:
| A. | Publications listed below form a part of this specification to extent referenced. Publications are referenced in text by basic designation only. |
| B. | American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO): |
| T99-10 | Standard Method of Test for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils Using a 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) Rammer and a 305 mm (12 inch) Drop |
| T180-10 | Standard Method of Test for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils using a 4.54 kg (10 lb) Rammer and a 457 mm (18 inch) Drop |
| C. | American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM): |
| C33-03 | Concrete Aggregate |
| D448-08 | Standard Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Construction |
| D698-07e1 | Standard Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft. lbf/ft3 (600 kN m/m3)) |
| D1140-00 | Amount of Material in Soils Finer than the No. 200 (75-micrometer) Sieve |
| D1556-07 | Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sand Cone Method |
| D1557-09 | Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2700 kN m/m3)) |
| D2167-08 | Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Rubber Balloon Method |
| D2487-11 | Standard Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System) |
| D2940-09 | Standard Specifications for Graded Aggregate Material for Bases or Subbases for Highways or Airports |
| D6938-10 | Standard Test Method for In-Place Density and Water Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth |
| D. | Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE): |
| J732-07 | Specification Definitions - Loaders |
| J1179-08 | Hydraulic Excavator and Backhoe Digging Forces |
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MATERIALS:
| A. | General: Provide borrow soil material when sufficient satisfactory soil materials are not available from excavations. |
| B. | Fills: Material in compliance with ASTM D2487 Soil Classification Groups GW, GP, GM, SW, SP, SM, SC, and ML, or any combination of these groups; free of rock or gravel larger than 75 mm (3 inches) in any dimension, debris, waste, frozen materials, vegetation, and other deleterious matter. Pursuant to Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470aa-mm) and 36 CFR Part 7 -Protection of Archeological Resources, all fill material must come from sources which have been assessed for potential archelogical resources. Documentation must be provided that assures VA that the extraction and utilization of the fill material will not adversely impact known archaeological or tribally-associated sites. Material approved from on site or off site sources having a minimum dry density of 1760 kg/m3 (110 pcf), a maximum Plasticity Index of 15, and a maximum Liquid Limit of 40. |
| C. | Engineered Fill: Naturally or artificially graded mixture of compliance with ASTM D2487 Soil Classification Groups GW, GP, GM, SW, SP, SM, SC, and ML, or any combination of these groups, or as approved by the Engineer or material with at least 90 percent passing a 37.5-mm (1 1/2-inch) sieve and not more than 12 percent passing a 75-µm (No. 200) sieve, per ASTM D2940;. |
| D. | Bedding: Naturally or artificially graded mixture of natural or crushed gravel, crushed stone, and natural or crushed sand; ASTM D2940; except with 100 percent passing a 25 mm (1 inch) sieve and not more than 8 percent passing a 75-μm (No. 200) sieve. |
| E. | Drainage Fill: Washed, narrowly graded mixture of crushed stone, or crushed or uncrushed gravel; ASTM D448; coarse-aggregate grading Size 57; with 100 percent passing a 37.5 mm (1 1/2-inch) sieve and 0 to 5 percent passing a 2.36 mm (No. 8) sieve. |
| F. | Granular Fill: Same as Bedding. |
| G. | Requirements for Offsite Soils: Offsite soils brought in for use as backfill shall be tested for TPH, BTEX and full TCLP including ignitability, corrosivity and reactivity. Backfill shall contain less than 100 parts per million (ppm) of total hydrocarbons (TPH) and less than 10 ppm of the sum of Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl Benzene, and Xylene (BTEX) and shall not fail the TCLP test. TPH concentrations shall be determined by using EPA 600/4-79/020 Method 418.1. BTEX concentrations shall be determined by using EPA SW-846.3-3a Method 5030/8020. TCLP shall be performed in accordance with EPA SW-846.3-3a Method 1311. Provide Borrow Site Testing for TPH, BTEX and TCLP from a composite sample of material from the borrow site, with at least one test from each borrow site. | |
| H. | Buried Warning and Identification Tape: Metallic core or metallic-faced, acid- and alkali-resistant polyethylene plastic warning tape manufactured specifically for warning and identification of buried utility lines. Provide tape on rolls, 3 inch minimum width, color coded as specific below for the intended utility with warning and identification imprinted in bold black letters continuously over the entire tape length. Warning and identification to read, “CAUTION, BURIED (intended service) LINE BELOW” or similar wording. Color and printing shall be permanent, Unaffected by moisture or soil. Warning tape color codes: | |
| Red: Electric | ||
| Yellow: | Gas, Oil, Dangerous Materials | |
| Orange: | Telephone and Other Communications | |
| Blue: | Water Systems | |
| Green: | Sewer Systems | |
| White: | Steam Systems | |
| Gray: | Compressed Air | |
| I. | Warning Tape for Metallic Piping: Acid and alkali-resistant polyethylene plastic tape conforming to the width, color, and printing requirements specified above. Minimum thickness of tape shall be 0.076 mm (0.003 inch). Tape shall have a minimum strength of 10.3 MPa (1500 psi) lengthwise, and 8.6 MPa (1250 psi) crosswise, with a maximum 350 percent elongation. | |
| J. | Detectable Warning Tape for Non-Metallic Piping: Polyethylene plastic tape conforming to the width, color, and printing requirements specified above. Minimum thickness of the tape shall be 0.102 mm (0.004 inch). Tape shall have a minimum strength of 10.3 MPa (1500 psi) lengthwise and 8.6 MPa (1250 psi) crosswise. Tape shall be manufactured with integral wires, foil backing, or other means of enabling detection by a metal detector when tape is buried up to 0.9 m (3 feet) deep. Encase metallic element of the tape in a protective jacket or provide with other means of corrosion protection. | |
| K. | Detection Wire for Non-Metallic Piping: Detection wire shall be Insulated single strand, solid copper with a minimum of 12 AWG. |
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 SITE PREPARATION:
| A. | Clearing: Clear within limits of earthwork operations as shown. Work includes removal of trees, shrubs, fences, foundations, incidental structures, paving, debris, trash, and other obstructions. Remove materials from Medical Center. |
| B. | Grubbing: Remove stumps and roots 75 mm (3 inch) and larger diameter. Undisturbed sound stumps, roots up to 75 mm (3 inch) diameter, and nonperishable solid objects a minimum of 900 mm (3 feet) below subgrade or finished embankment may be left. |
| C. | Trees and Shrubs: Trees and shrubs are not shown for removal. |
| D. | Stripping Topsoil: Not in scope. |
| E. | Concrete Slabs and Paving: Score deeply or saw cut to insure a neat, straight cut, sections of existing concrete slabs and paving to be removed where excavation or trenching occurs. Extend pavement section to be removed a minimum of 300 mm (12 inches) on each side of widest part of trench excavation and ensure final score lines are approximately parallel unless otherwise indicated. Remove material from Medical Center. |
| F. | Lines and Grades: As shown on drawings. |
| G. | Disposal: All materials removed from the property shall be disposed of at a legally approved site, for the specific materials, and all removals shall be in accordance with all applicable Federal, State and local regulations. No burning of materials is permitted onsite. |
3.2 EXCAVATION:
A. Shoring, Sheeting and Bracing: Shore, brace, or slope, its angle of repose or to an angle considered acceptable by the Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR).
| B. | Excavation Drainage: Operate pumping equipment, or provide other materials, means and equipment, as required to keep excavation free of water and subgrade dry, firm, and undisturbed until approval of permanent work has been received from COR. Approval by the COR is also required before placement of the permanent work on all subgrades. Groundwater flowing toward or into excavations shall be controlled to prevent sloughing of excavation slopes and walls, boils, uplift and heave in the excavation and to eliminate interference with orderly progress of construction. French drains, sumps, ditches or trenches will not be permitted within 0.9 m (3 feet) of the foundation of any structure, except with specific written approval, and after specific contractual provisions for restoration of the foundation area have been made. Control measures shall be taken by the time the excavation reaches the water level in order to maintain the integrity of the in-situ material. |
| C. | Subgrade Protection: Protect subgrades from softening, undermining, washout, or damage by rain or water accumulation. Reroute surface water runoff from excavated areas and not allow water to accumulate in excavations. Do not use excavated trenches as temporary drainage ditches. When subgrade for foundations has been disturbed by water, remove disturbed material to firm undisturbed material after water is brought under control. Replace disturbed subgrade in trenches with concrete or material approved by the COR. |
| D. | Blasting: Not allowed. |
| E. | Proof Rolling: |
| 1. | After rough grade has been established in cut areas and prior to placement of fill in fill areas under building and pavements, proofroll exposed subgrade with a fully loaded dump truck, or other method acceptable to the COR, to check for pockets of soft material. |
| 2. | Proof rolling shall be done on an exposed subgrade free of surface water (wet conditions resulting from rainfall) which would promote degradation of an otherwise acceptable subgrade. Operate the truck in a systematic manner to ensure the number of passes over all areas, and at speeds between 4 to 5.5 km/hour (2 1/2 to 3 1/2 mph). Notify the COR a minimum of 3 days prior to proof rolling. Proof rolling shall be performed in the presence of the Design Engineer. Rutting or pumping of material shall be undercut as directed by the Resident Engineer. Maintain subgrade until succeeding operation has been accomplished. |
| F. | Building Earthwork: Not used. |
| G. | Trench Earthwork: |
| 1. | Utility trenches (except sanitary and storm sewer): |
| a. | Excavate to a width as necessary for sheeting and bracing and proper performance of the work. |
| b. | Grade bottom of trenches with bell holes scooped out to provide a uniform bearing. |
| c. | Support piping on suitable undisturbed earth unless a mechanical support is shown. Unstable material removed from the bottom of the trench or excavation shall be replaced with select granular material placed in layers not exceeding 150 mm (6 inches) loose thickness. |
| d. | Length of open trench in advance of piping laying shall not be greater than is authorized by Resident Engineer. |
| e. | Provide buried utility lines with utility identification tape. Bury tape 300 mm (12 inches) below finished grade; under pavements and slabs, bury tape 150 mm (6 inches) below top of subgrade |
| f. | Bury detection wire directly above non-metallic piping at a distance not to exceed 300 mm (12 inches) above the top of pipe. The wire shall extend continuously and unbroken, from manhole to manhole. The ends of the wire shall terminate inside the manholes at each end of the pipe, with a minimum of 0.9 m (3 feet) of wire, coiled, remaining accessible in each manhole. The wire shall remain insulated over its entire length. The wire shall enter manholes between the top of the corbel and the frame, and extend up through the chimney seal between the frame and the chimney seal. For force mains, the wire shall terminate in the valve pit at the pump station end of the pipe. |
| g. | Bedding shall be New York State Department of Transportation Type 4 subbase unless otherwise shown. Initial backfill material shall be placed and compacted with approved tampers to a height of at least one foot above the utility pipe or conduit. The backfill shall be brought up evenly on both sides of the pipe for the full length of the pipe. Care shall be taken to ensure thorough compaction of the fill under the haunches of the pipe. Except as specified otherwise in the individual piping section, provide bedding for buried piping in accordance with AWWA C600, Type 4, except as specified herein. Backfill to top of pipe shall be compacted to 95 percent of ASTM D 1557 maximum density. Plastic piping shall have bedding to spring line of pipe. |
| 2. | Sanitary and storm sewer trenches: Not used. |
| H. | Site Earthwork: Earth excavation includes excavating pavements and obstructions visible on surface; underground structures, utilities, and other items indicated to be removed; together with soil, boulders, and other materials not classified as rock or unauthorized excavation. Excavation shall be accomplished as required by drawings and specifications. Excavate to indicated elevations and dimensions within a tolerance of plus or minus 25 mm (1 inch). Extend excavations a sufficient distance from structures for placing and removing concrete formwork, for installing services and other construction, complying with OSHA requirements, and for inspections. Remove subgrade materials that are determined by COR as unsuitable and replace with acceptable material. If there is a question as to whether material is unsuitable or not, the contractor shall obtain samples of the material, under the direction of the Design Engineer, and the materials shall be examined by an independent testing laboratory for soil classification to determine whether it is unsuitable or not. When unsuitable material is encountered and removed, contract price and time will be adjusted in accordance with Articles, DIFFERING SITE CONDITIONS, CHANGES and CHANGESSUPPLEMENT of the GENERAL CONDITIONS as applicable. Adjustments to be based on volume in cut section only. |
| 1. | Site Grading: |
| a. | Provide a smooth transition between adjacent existing grades and new grades. |
| b. | Cut out soft spots, fill low spots, and trim high spots to comply with required surface tolerances. |
| c. | Slope grades to direct water away from buildings and to prevent ponds from forming where not designed. Finish subgrades to required elevations within the following tolerances: |
| 1) | Lawn or Unpaved Areas: Plus or minus 25 mm (1 inch). |
| 2) | Walks: Plus or minus 25 mm (1 inch). |
| 3) | Pavements: Plus or minus 13 mm (1 inch). |
3.3 UNDERPINNING: Not used
3.4 FILLING AND BACKFILLING:
| A. | General: Do not fill or backfill until all debris, water, unsatisfactory soil materials, obstructions, and deleterious materials have been removed from excavation. For fill and backfill, use borrow materials meeting the criteria specified herein, as applicable. Borrow will be supplied at no additional cost to the Government. Do not use excavated materials. |
| B. | Placing: Place materials in horizontal layers not exceeding 200 mm (8 inches) in loose depth for material compacted by heavy compaction equipment, and not more than 100 mm (4 inches) in loose depth for material compacted by hand-operated tampers and then compacted. Place backfill and fill materials evenly on all sides of structures to required elevations, and uniformly along the full length of each structure. Place no material on surfaces that are muddy, frozen, or contain frost. |
| C. | Compaction: Compact with approved tamping rollers, sheepsfoot rollers, pneumatic tired rollers, steel wheeled rollers, vibrator compactors, or other approved equipment (hand or mechanized) well suited to soil being compacted. Do not operate mechanized vibratory compaction equipment within 3000 mm (10 feet) of new or existing building walls without prior approval of the COR. Moisten or aerate material as necessary to provide moisture content that will readily facilitate obtaining specified compaction with equipment used. Backfill adjacent to any and all types of structures shall be placed and compacted to at least 90 percent laboratory maximum density for cohesive materials or 95 percent laboratory maximum density for cohesionless materials to prevent wedging action or eccentric loading upon or against the structure. Compact soil to not less than the following percentages of maximum dry density, according to ASTM D1557 as specified below: |
| 1. | Fills, Embankments, and Backfill |
| a. | Under proposed structures, building slabs, steps, and paved areas, scarify and recompact top 300 mm (12 inches) of existing subgrade and each layer of backfill or fill material in accordance with D1557 95 percent maximum density. |
| b. | Curbs, curbs and gutters, D1557 95 percent maximum density. |
| c. | Under Sidewalks, scarify and recompact top 150 mm (6 inches) below subgrade and compact each layer of backfill or fill material in accordance with D1557 95 percent maximum density. |
| d. | Landscaped areas, top 400 mm (16 inches), D1557 85 percent maximum density. |
| e. | Landscaped areas, below 400 mm (16 inches) of finished grade, D1556 90 percent maximum density. |
| D. | Borrow Material: Borrow material shall be selected to meet the requirements and conditions of the particular fill or embankment for which it is to be used. Borrow material shall be obtained from the borrow areas selected by the Contractor. Unless otherwise provided in the contract, the Contractor shall obtain from the owners the right to procure material, pay royalties and other charges involved, and bear the expense of developing the sources, including rights-of-way for hauling. |
| E. | Opening and Drainage of Excavation and Borrow Pits: The Contractor shall notify the COR sufficiently in advance of the opening of any excavation or borrow pit to permit elevations and measurements of the undisturbed ground surface to be taken. Except as otherwise permitted, borrow pits and other excavation areas shall be excavated providing adequate drainage. Overburden and other spoil material shall be transported to designated spoil areas or otherwise disposed of as directed. Borrow pits shall be neatly trimmed and drained after the excavation is completed. The Contractor shall ensure that excavation of any area, operation of borrow pits, or dumping of spoil material results in minimum detrimental effects on natural environmental conditions. |
3.5 GRADING:
| A. | General: Uniformly grade the areas within the limits of this section, including adjacent transition areas. Smooth the finished surface within specified tolerance. Provide uniform levels or slopes between points where elevations are indicated, or between such points and existing finished grades. Provide a smooth transition between abrupt changes in slope. |
| B. | Finish subgrade in a condition acceptable to Resident Engineer at least one day in advance of paving operations. Maintain finished subgrade in a smooth and compacted condition until succeeding operation has been accomplished. Scarify, compact, and grade subgrade prior to further construction when approved compacted subgrade is disturbed by Contractor's subsequent operations or adverse weather. |
| C. | Grading for Paved Areas: Provide final grades for both subgrade and base course to +/- 6 mm (0.25 inches) of indicated grades. |
3.6 Disposal of unsuitable and excess excavated material:
A. Disposal: Remove surplus satisfactory soil and waste material, including unsatisfactory soil, trash, and debris, and legally dispose of it off Medical Center property.
3.7 CLEAN UP:
Upon completion of earthwork operations, clean areas within contract limits, remove tools, and equipment. Provide site clear, clean, free of debris, and suitable for subsequent construction operations. Remove all debris, rubbish, and excess material from Medical Center property.
----- E N D ----- 31 20 00 - 1
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