Attachment I Appendix G Exhibit Outline.pdf

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EISTERHOLD ASSOCIATES INC.

AVAILABLE LIGHT

NATIONAL COAST GUARD MUSEUM

100% DESIGN DEVELOPMENT PACKAGE / GENERAL OUTLINE

OF EXHIBIT CONTENT

30 SEPTEMBER 2021

IDIQ CONTRACT 70Z02318DGPH00100

TASK ORDER 3 EXHIBIT DESIGN

NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE COAST GUARD

General Outline of Exhibit Content| 11 March 2021 with revisions to 21 August 2021 (in red)

Deck 00 – CITY PIER DECK

00.01 – Entry Foyer

00.02 – Atrium

Welcome Helicopter Semper Paratus Core Values Donor Wall

00.03 – Circulation graphics

00.03.01 – Window scapes

00.03.02 – Stairwell Graphics

DECK 01 – ARRIVAL DECK

01.01 – Atrium Landing

01.02 – Arrival / Entry Lobby A. Intro display

The introductory display will convey to the public core aspects of what the Coast Guard is and what it does. It will acknowledge that the Coast Guard is the successor to a variety of previous American lifesaving, safety, and security services and convey that the modern Coast Guard is the result of three historic founding moments, 1) 1790, Revenue Marine established; 2) 1915, Coast Guard established, combining Revenue Cutter Service and Life- Saving Service; 3) 1939–42, creation of a modern military service, additional agencies folded in, Auxiliary and Reserve created.

01.03 – Theater A. Orientation film

01.04 – Gift shop / cafe A. Coast Guard Leadership

General Outline of Exhibit Content

DECK 02 – SAFETY DECK

02.00.01 – Safety Deck Introduction

02.01 – Meet the Coast Guard

02.01.00 – Coast Guard Intro

02.01.01 – Coast Guard Overview A. Timeline

AV and objects. Multi-level interactive that references other content in the museum.

02.01.02 – Where in the World A. Where in the World digital globe

AV. To provide visitors with the sense that the Coast Guard is present and active throughout the United States and the World.

An interactive map shows locations of Coast Guard operations/bases/facilities.

02.02 – Lifesavers Around the Globe

02.02.00 – Coast Guard Lifesavers Intro A. Wall of Waves projection

To convey the power and danger of the sea, the Coast Guard’s milieu.

02.02.01 – Origins of Search and Rescue A. Before the Life-Saving Service

A.1. Early life-saving on shore •Massachusetts Humane Society was a model for later efforts (founded 1786).

•In the 1830s and 1840s, increased frequency of immigrant ship disasters raised public awareness of need for life-saving efforts.

•Wreck of bark Mexico in 1837 inspired creation of U.S. Life- Saving Service

A.2. Early Revenue Marine life-saving on the high seas The Revenue Marine from the beginning engaged in rescue operations, part of the tradition of mariners helping one another at sea. Winter Cruising: In winter 1831, the New York customs collector sent his cutter out to aid vessels in distress; this was the start of the Revenue Cutter Service formally going out and aiding mariners in distress. This became a RCS mission mandated by Congress in 1837.

A.3. Lifesaving by Lighthouse Service / Lighthouse Board personnel A.3.1. Ida Lewis

“Bravest Woman in America” (1842–1911) Tableau: figure of Ida Lewis in reproduction rowboat making a rescue, sometime during the period 1857–1911

02.02.02 – U.S. Life-Saving Service A. Establishment of the Life-Saving Service, 1848 and 1871

A.1. Newell Act, 1848.

This was first congressional legislation establishing boat stations on Jersey shore, staffed by volunteers. Federal response to a humanitarian crisis.

A.2. Creation of the U.S. Life-Saving Service, 1871.

System of boat stations was further formalized and professionalized by the U.S. Life-Saving Service in 1871. First Superintendent was Sumner Kimball. The first federal agency established with the mission of saving lives at sea.

B. Search and Rescue Stories B.1. Ayrshire wreck and the lifecar, 1850

First use of the lifecar, successfully rescued 200 passengers from the bark Ayrshire, one person died when he insisted on riding on top of the lifecar, he was swept off the vessel and drowned. Over the next three years, the Lifecar rescued 1400 people on the Jersey Shore. Joseph Francis, an American inventor who dedicated his life to developing efficient and safe ways to rescue people.

B.2. Trailblazer: Joshua James, 1888 Lived 1826–1902; won every medal available. During the Great Storm of 1888. James and crew rescued 29 men from a number of wrecks off Massachusetts coast. Gertrude Abbot Abbott (1888) one of the ships wrecked. Joshua James was sixty-two at the time of this rescue. Received two Gold Lifesaving Medals, one from Massachusetts Humane Society and one from USLSS. The only man to receive Gold Medals from each service. He served until 1902 when he died in the line of duty at the age of 75. Over his career, Joshua James saved 450 lives while working for Massachusetts Humane Society, 540 more as a member of the

USLSS.

B.3. Interactive: Lyle gun B.4. Pea Island Life-saving Station, 1896

E. S. Newman rescue in 1896 under leadership of Richard Etheridge. Gold medal awarded 1996.

Tableau: beachcart and crew on the beach, with Lyle gun and other equipment.

B.5. Galveston Hurricane, 1900

Killed 12,000 people. Cutter crew did lifesaving rescues in streets of Galveston.

B.6. San Francisco Earthquake, 1906 Revenue Cutters helped move 250,000 people to Alcatraz, Sausulito Sausalito, and Oakland. RCS guarded the actual cash money in San Francisco in the Post Office, Customs House, and Appraisers building. CG did firefighting in town. RCs Bear in port, sent party ashore for LE and Urban SAR. RC McCullouch, CGC Thetis, CGC Cmdre Perry, RC Hartley, RC Golden Gate. Worked with Army and Navy to evacuate jail, sanitariums, and feed 1400 people. We have a diary from the Alcatraz lighthouse keeper in the CG Archives that says “Mon: Whitewashed fence. Tues: City in flames.”

B.7. Flu Pandemic of 1918 USCGC Unalga in Alaska

02.02.03 – Modern Boat Rescue

Post-1945 stories showing connections to ongoing events. Each story ties to changes in lifesaving practices: there is a lot of tragedy and deaths in rescue section.

A. Pendleton and CG 36500, 1952 Finest Hour; Bernie Webber; Andrew Fitzgerald; Richard Livesey;

Ervin Maske. 36500 was self-righting and the workhorse of the CG. The good quality of the boat and the crew that was handling her made the trip successful.

A.1. Modern Motor Lifeboats 36500 is an example: helped this rescue. Technological changes (motor driven, self-righting) drive boat design changes, had an impact on SAR.

B. Mermaid rescue, 1961 (36’, 40’ and 52’ involved) (WA):

MLB Triumph I was CG 52’ MLB, capsized w substantial loss of life on Columbia Bar trying to assist fishing vessel Mermaid. Initially, CG-40564 and CG-36454 responded and CG-40564 took Mermaid in tow. However, due to the heavy seas, CG-40564 requested assistance of Triumph and Triumph took Mermaid in tow. Heavy breakers capsized CG-40564, the crew was rescued by CG-36454.

Both crews made it to the Columbia River Lightship, where the CG-36454 also foundered. A heavy breaker hit Triumph I, the tow line parted and the Triumph capsized. The crew of the Mermaid rescued one crewmember from Triumph. Two other CG vessels, CG-36554 and CG 36535 arrived, and took the Mermaid in tow.

Another breaker hit, the new tow snapped and the Mermaid sank.

The Coast Guardsmen who gave their lives in the line of duty were: Petty Officer First Class John L. Culp, Petty Officer Second Class John S. Hoban, Seaman Ralph E. Mace, Petty Officer Third Class Joseph E. Petrin, Seaman Gordon, F. Sussex. Petty Officer Culp was awarded a Gold Lifesaving Medal. Petty Officer Hoban, Seaman Mace, Petty Officer Petrin, and Seaman Sussex were awarded Silver Lifesaving Medals.

C. Cuban Caribbean Boatlifts C.1. Camaroica Boatlift, 1965

Castro’s first ejection of dissidents C.2. Mariel Boatlift, 1980

Thousands of Cuban migrants “encouraged” by Castro to depart, left by the hundreds in anything that would float. Rescued by USCG surface assets.

D. Prinsendam fire, 1980 Alaska. Rescue where everything went right. Pax Vessel caught fire in Alaska. H-3 working with cutters, 350 passengers, 200 crew rescued without loss of life or significant injury.

E. Perfect Storm, 1991

CGC Tamaroa saved National Guard helicopter crew. Improvised use of nets over hull to retrieve crew.

F. Team Coast Guard – We are Lifesavers

02.02.04 – Saving Lives by Air A. Coast Guard Aviation History Introduction

A.1. Kitty Hawk Lifesaving Service Personnel were at Kitty Hawk for the first flights of the Wright Flyer. The first photo of the flight was taken by Surfman John Daniels of the Life Saving Service. This is the precursor of both CG support of aviation and the CG Public Affairs mission (1903).

A.2. First CG pilots First CG pilots were Elmer F. Stone and Norman Hall stationed on CGC Onandaga in Newport News, VA. Stone and Hall took flying lessons at Curtis Flying School nearby (1916). Erikson Stone and Navy crew in NC-4, along with Navy crews NC-1 and NC-3 flew first transatlantic flight.

A.3. Aircraft Timeline

• OL-5 First Aircraft Built for CG was mainstay at First CG Permanent

Operating Base

• RD aircraft series -- excellent ac suited for CG work

• HNS-1 first helo base for CG helicopter

• PBY-5A Seaplane -- Outstanding workhorse and was the original large scale Development of CG SAR program

• PBM Another Seaplane larger and more capable than PBY

• HO4S -3G First fully capable helicopter able to carry substantial load - was first IFR helicopter

• UF-1G and 2G. Long lived amphibian workhorse not really outstanding but could do everything well. Ideal aircraft for Coast Guard multi mission

• C-130 -- A legend in its own time

• HH-52 - The icon of helicopters Old trusty - a marvelous collection of old parts put together and brought I us into the turbine age --over 15000 rescues

• HH-65 - Outstanding for CG rescue operations

• MH-60T Helicopter

• MH-65D Helicopter

• HC-27J Airplane

• HC-130H and HC-130J Airplane

• C-37A: the Commandant’s plane

A.4. First Coast Guard aviation stations First air station at Moorehead City, NC, 1921, for search and rescue. Next, Ten Pound Island, Gloucester, MA, 1925, for prohibition enforcement; Cape May, NJ, 1926, also for prohibition enforcement.

B. Development of Aviation Rescue Early aviation had lots of spectacular rescues but also lots of crashes and fatalities. Fixed wing aircraft had to land on the sea surface to pick-up survivors.

B.1. Trailblazer: Richard “Tex” or “Cowboy” Burke, DFC.

First DFC 1933. Pulled injured man off fishing vessel of MA coast.

Personal pilot for Sec Treasury. second DFC Elizabeth City as C/O of 1944. Helped rescue German U701 crew after sunk by USAAC bomber.

B.2. Flying lifeboat Arcturus at Air Station Miami Two stories: Carl C. von Paulsen, NYD 1933, rescued victim from waters near Cape Canaveral; awarded Gold Lifesaving Medal. Carl Olsen, 1935, flying 300 miles out to sea, on a dark and stormy night. Transporting Army Officer w appendicitis back to US.

Awarded Distinguished Flying Cross.

B.3. RD-4 Canopus and Frank Leamy, 1937 Evacuated seaman with severed right arm from fishing vessel White Cap.

C. The Helicopter in Lifesaving C.1. First CG helo lifesaving flight, 1944

USS Turner explosion. Frank Erickson, CG helicopter pilot #1, Helicopter Champion (1944). USS Turner has onboard explosion.

Erikson flew plasma from Floyd Bennet field straight to the destroyer, much faster than surface-based vehicles could have gotten there. Proof of concept of helo in rescue mission. First helo rescue mission. Helo never flown in such bad weather.

C.2. Trailblazer: Cdr. Stewart Graham A legend in CG aviation. CG helicopter pilot #2, aviation pioneer testing/developing technology, many aviation first. Enlisted as surfman (1937) in WWII (1937), qualifies as enlisted pilot in 1941.

12 Nov 1942, commissioned as CG Aviator 114, helicopter pilot #2. Flies Frank Erikson to CT to see VS-300 debut flight. Requests rotary wing flight training, begins Oct 1943. Flying off of British freighter Dagestan to show worth of helicopter as anti-sub platform. Completed first cross-country helicopter flight with many reader’s digest stories. Erikson and Graham developed rescue hoist and “Erikson Basket” from 1944-46.

C.3. Trailblazer: John Greathouse Last of the enlisted Pilots, joined in 1941. First person to bail out of helicopter, 1945. Retired as a CWO in 1979 with more than 12,000 flight hours.

C.4. Yuba City flood, 1955 Christmas Eve/ Christmas Day, 1955: Nighttime rescue of 138 victims from a deadly flood in California. Yuba City was Katrina before Katrina. Folks hoisted off of ladders, rooftops, and out of homes. Imagery available.

C.5. Trailblazer: Bobby Wilks First African American Coast Guard aviator (1957) Helo pilot 735 (1959). Second African American promoted to Captain (after Mike Healy). (1977). First African American to command AirStation (1979, AirSta Brooklyn).

C.6. Ocean Express, 1976 Offshore oil-drilling barge in the Gulf of Mexico. Unexpected storm, hurricane force-winds. Airstation closed. Even though closed, AirSta Corpus launched helo (HH-52A) to save some of the crew. John Lewis (Ptero website has write up by john Lewis, organized by Tom Beard)

C.7. Trailblazer: Janna Lambine First female aviator. Officer Candidate School, winged in 1977, aviator #1812. First female CG aviator. Flew out of Astoria, OR.

D. Rescue Swimmers D.1. Origins of Rescue Swimmers

Experiments conducted via Air Station San Francisco in the early 1970s – they called it SARWET (Sea-Air Rotary Wing Evacuation Team). (minor story) Methods of rescue before rescue-swimmer program: Helicopter landings on water, tethered rescue swimmers from cutters.

D.2. Marine Electric disaster, 1983 Crewmembers too frozen to enter the basket, no way to get them into helicopter.

D.3. What does it take to be a rescue swimmer?

Qualifications. Training. Techniques

E. Modern Aviation rescues E.1. Janice N rescue, 1990

Ensign Patricia McFetridge, flying an HH-3F. Search for fishing vessel Janice N on fire in heavy rain off Washington coast, 75kt wind gust, vis 1/8 mile. Hoisted survivors from raft and returned.

Commanding Officer of CG AirSta Boriquen. Awarded Distinguished Flying Cross.

E.2. Alaskan Monarch, 1991.

H-3, with rescue swimmer Joe Rock and CGC Storis rescued crew of fishing vessel caught in ice and sinking. Crew rescued off deck as ship deck was awash. LT Laura Guth, pilot.

E.3. Trailblazer: VADM Vivien Crea Breaking all female barriers. First woman to command air station 1992, Detroit. First female Vice Commandant. As a LCDR, first woman from any service to carry the nuclear football.

E.4. Trailblazer: LTJG Jeanine McIntosh Joined CG in 2003. First African American female CG aviator (2005) (C-130 Hercules). Born in Kingston, Jamaica. Flew disaster relief missions during Katrina.

02.02.05 – Search and Rescue Innovation and Technology

At the Coast Guard Station: Simulates station environment;

snapshot of a typical operational day, shows improvement of SAR through tech, training, systems. This section builds on what folks have seen so far to highlight CG progress before the dramatic events in “SAR in the 21st century”

A. At the Coast Guard Station A.1. SAR System

Explain the Coast Guard structure of district/sector/station and how those elements are coordinated for search and rescue.

A.2. Interactive SAR response

AV: To illustrate the many steps, jobs, and people that are required to respond to a distress call and affect a successful search and rescue operation.

B. Boat Design and Handling B.1. Boat design Improvements

Over time, the capability of CG lifeboats gets better. 26’ rowboat, 36’ MLB, 47’ MLB.

B.2. The Coast Guard Yard Yard is heavily involved in the design of Motor Lifeboats over time, particularly 44’ MLB (1970), 41’ MLB (1980s).

B.3. Boat Handling Compare “old book” or other 1950’s era Motor Lifeboat Training with modern training tools and techniques.

•AV: National Motor Lifeboat School – Cape Disappointment, WA that will show the dynamic training/rescues of Cape Disappointment.

B.4. Great Boat Handlers in CG service B.4.1. Cutter Callout: BMCM David N. Duren

“Big Wave Dave”. Associated with MLB school. Good imagery of Big Wave Dave.

B.4.2. MC Thomas D. McAdams C. Risk Management

C.1. Protecting rescuers and victims 1800s: “You have to go out; you don’t have to come back”. Go out and do job; if come back that is okay. Niagara Station 21’ RHI accident in 2001 leads to GAR [Green, Amber, Red] system.

C.2. Search patterns 1800s, wouldn’t know where victims are. 1970s, radial patterns based on aviation navaids. Now, GPS patterns and EPIRBS are taking the Search out of Search and rescue.

C.3. Communications Flares, flags, telegraph, radio, phone, satellite EPIRBs, pigeons

C.3.1. Martha Coston and the Coston flare 5 April 1859 granted a patent for the Coston Flare. Improved husband’s patent for flares.

C.4. Search planning Development from paper charts to c2pC to Search and Rescue Optimal Planning System (SAROPS) and GPS tie-in.

D. Lifesaving Equipment D.1. Lifejackets and preservers D.2. Lifesaving Equipment Review Board

The Lifesaving Equipment Review Board was a government board established in 1909 to review potential lifesaving equipment.

Highlight rejected ideas placed before the board.

D.3. CG Research and Development Center (CGRDC) At New London, CT. The CGRDC fosters the development of technology in support of all CG missions. RDC contributions relate to topics throughout the museum: AIS and DGPS to ATON, Rescue 21 to SAR Technology, Unmanned Aerial Systems to Law Enforcement, Oil Fingerprinting to Environmental Enforcement.

02.02.06 – SAR in the 21st Century Search and Rescue is still about getting the sick, injured, or lost mariner home safely, but the scope of the rescue mission in the 21st century is so much more. Modern SAR is a complex, coordinated effort across the Coast Guard and with our local, state, federal, and international partners.

A. Mass evacuation A.1. September 11, 2001, boatlift

9/11 efforts to evacuate Manhattan by water. Mention the important role of RADM Richard E. Bennis, who despite having cancer still led the CG’s response in NY. Mention reservists who died (2 active reservist: Vincent Danz, (NYPD), Jeffrey Palazzo, (FDNY), 1 active aux, Gregory Shkorsky, (FDNY), 1 prior reservist (Battalion Chief John Moran, FDNY) •AV: Audio and video from the day

A.2. Caribbean Fantasy evacuation, 2016 At San Juan, Puerto Rico, 500 passengers evacuated by CG from burning RO/RO ferry

B. Pandemics and Public health B.1. Haiti Earthquake, 2010

Opening of port and delivery of humanitarian supplies and medical care to affected population.

B.2. Coronavirus, 2020 Grand Princess evacuation in San Francisco. At 0100 Saturday, March 7, 2020 CGC Tern notified that passenger needed to be evacuated. 0330, Tern reaches ship. CGCC Tern is wrapped in plastic, crew is in HazMat suits. Passenger transferred via lifeboat to Tern and offloaded at YBI. Second patient and wife transferred at lunchtime that same day. Next day, seven HHS docs arrived and delivered by CGC Pike. Ten more doctors delivered at midnight that night. At that time, 21 passengers positive at that time. CG Safety Zone established. Vessel moved to Oakland and passengers emergency disembarked into Oakland. Of 3,500 on board (2,400 pax; 1,100 crew), 700 positive, 159 infected, 8 died. Capt Marie Byrd of Sector had to coordinate with many local and state governments, federal agencies. Great pics.

C. Hurricanes and floods C.1. Thailand tsunami, 2004 C.2. Hurricane Katrina, 2005

Tableau: Story is flood response using small boats (“punts”) and aviation response with rescue swimmers. Coordinating with other air and waterborne efforts. Design suggestion: Rope to ceiling simulating aviation above. 3D elements on floor/walls showing going through roofs, submerged signs, people in distress, refrigerator/trash.

C.3. Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria, 2017 “Trifecta” of events in FL, TX, US Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico.

Katrina-style urban rescues.

D. Semper Paratus—Always Ready Even when it is normal, modern SAR is unusual. Large scale rescues, joint efforts, the unexpected.

D.1. Bow Mariner, 2004 Chemical fire aboard a tanker, vessel sinking. AST William Dave Foreman

D.2. Cruise ship crew 32 crew in an H60. (2005?)

[Vessel name, incident details needed for this rescue]

D.3. Golden Ray, 2019 Car carrier on its side, CG cut hole in hull, pulled crew up with fire hose. Rescue Swimmer merit promoted by CCG.

D.4. Selendang Ayu, 2004 Artic SAR: as the Arctic circle opens further to commerce and natural resource exploration, the response mission must be ready for a new environment and new challenges.

Selendang Ayu: Commercial fishing vessel Bulk carrier hard aground. CGC Alex Haley, 2-H60s, 1 H65 went to pick up crew. A wave reached up and brought down one of the H60 helicopters and six of seven crewmembers on the helo were killed. All three CG crewmembers (in arctic survival gear) survived. AST3 Aaron Bean – 2004, Bering Sea, AK.

E. Team Coast Guard – We are Lifesavers

02.02.07 – Stories of Lives Saved A. Survivors’ Stories

AV: Incorporates stories of lives saved: scrolling newsreel of rescues. The target is a continuous stream of rescue stories from throughout Coast Guard history. A mix of media from news footage to stills with text or on-scene video. The goal is to convey the sense of the thousands of CG rescues that aren’t in the museum, but are important to the people involved. Include Number of lives saved

02.02.08 – Helicopter Overlook – Deck 02 A. Trailblazer: Kelly Larson

First female rescue swimmer. Storied keyed to swimmer figure in the atrium.

B. Bounty rescue during Hurricane Sandy This rescue carried out using the very helicopter to be displayed in the museum

02.03.00 – Pedestrian Passageway A. Graphics

DECK 03 – SECURITY DECK

03.00.01 – Security Intro

03.01 – Enforcers on the Seas

03.01.00 – Enforcers Intro

Incorporate Federalist 12 (Alexander Hamilton) “A few armed vessels, judiciously stationed at the entrances of our ports, might at a small expense be made useful sentinels of the laws.” It is our birth certificate.

03.01.01 – Cutter Development Since the beginning cutters have been the primary platform for law enforcement and defense.

A. Development of cutters Cutters have developed to respond to law enforcement and defense needs. Compare vessels from founding (60’ long) to now (fits in portion of 400’) to scale/portions. Artifacts: ship models-highlight length of service of cutters; explain how design suited the missions. Design, not just a row; multiple levels with staggered models. Will need to clearly show scale because the models are not of the same scale.

A.1. Sail 1790–1860: didn’t change but in regard to size. Powered by sail.

Except for iron ship in 1840s.

A.2. Sail / steam hybrids Featured vessel: CGC Bear. Built in 1880s, came into RC service in 1890s, service through WWI, prohibition and WWII, lost at sea in 1963. CG and NOAA currently searching for final resting place of CGC Bear

A.3. Steamships A.4. Modern cutters

03.01.02 – Early Law Enforcement

Law enforcement was undertaken by the Revenue Marine / Revenue Cutter Service

A. Customs and tariff enforcement The origins of the Revenue Marine mission lies in enforcement of customs and tariff laws. Law enforcement has been a core CG mission from 1790 to today. Graphic and artifact suggestions:

Hamilton’s Letter to officers (excerpt). Hamilton’s Letter May 29, 1790, to William Webb, Collector at Bath. Revenue Cutter Officer Commission letters signed by Geo Washington (1790). Original commissioning letter or text of letter is available. Side by side, 1800’s custom house/ modern customs house.

A.1.1. Trailblazer: Hopley Yeaton Named first in the first group of Revenue Cutter Service commissioned officers (Commissioning letter dated March 21, 1791, signed by Geo Washington and Thomas Jefferson). Bones are buried in a sarcophagus at the Academy.

A.1.2. Nullification crisis, 1834 South Carolina wanted to nullify federal customs tariffs. Pres Andrew Jackson sent RCs to enforce customs. Precursor to Civil War.

B. Anti-piracy B.1. Capture of Bravo, 1819

Schooner Bravo, one of the pirate Jean Lafitte’s ships (but not commanded by him) captured by cutters Alabama and Louisiana.

Transcripts exist of conversations during the capture and during the trial.

B.2. Cutter Diligence, 1793 Cutter Diligence under Captain William Cooke seized contraband (1793). French pirates brought treasure chest ashore with $35,000 worth of gold. Captain Cooke apprehended pirates, recovered gold under the charge that it was unlawful to land goods at night.

C. Anti-slavery C.1. Antelope capture, 1820

Considered the finest example of anti-slavery interdiction. CGC Dallas, U.S. Supreme Court case. Savannah, GA. Documentaries produced- SME (CAPT Laliberte).

D. Early minority cuttermen At this time in Revenue Cutter Service, you could have a RCS cutter with both free Black and enslaved men onboard, doing the anti-slavery mission.

E. Posse Comitatus Act, 1878 Following the American Civil War, Congress passed the Posse Comitatus Act (1878), which prohibits military services from engaging in domestic law enforcement but exempted the Revenue Cutter Service. Law enforcement on the seas became the role of the nascent Coast Guard.

03.01.03 – Rum War A. Prohibition Transformed the Coast Guard

Prohibition Transformed the Coast Guard. Revenue Cutter Service became the Coast Guard in 1915.

A.1. Transformed the mission

Creation of a 20th century service: 19th Century Revenue Cutter service was a small service based in port cities with older vessels.

The Coast Guard (1915) is a large law enforcement service with a nationwide (all coasts) mission and modern vessels.

A.2. Transformed the size and organizational structure Vast increase in size of service. Double size of personnel, tripled number of vessels. Creation of a sophisticated, multi-mission agency

A.3. Transformed the service’s technology A.1.1. Aviation. First CG Air Station established at Moorehead City.

A.1.2. New and better small boats and a lot of new cutters. Every asset replaced.

Hundreds of new vessels. Transfer of navy destroyers to CG use A.1.3. New weaponry A.1.4. Radio / radio direction finding

A.4. Trailblazer: Elizebeth Smith Friedman Code breaking story. Friedman was expert / pioneer of U.S.

Cryptology, code breaking and the fight against espionage. 1923.

•AV interactive: Rum War Code Breaking

B. Prohibition Stories B.1. Rum Runners vs CG

AV linear video B.2. Ensign Charles Duke, 1927

Most famous single-handed seizure in CG history. (1927) Ensign Charles Duke, by himself, apprehended a freighter and crew and its illicit cargo of alcohol in New York harbor.

B.3. Trailblazer: CPO Harold Tantaquideon Native American, Commanded CG cutter during prohibition, later became the Chief of Mohegan Tribe.

B.4. BM Sidney Sanderlin murder, 1927 Coast Guardsman Sidney Sanderlin, Coast Guardsman Victor Lamby, and Operative Robert Webster of the United States Secret Service murdered in course of prohibition enforcement (1927) James Alderman convicted and executed by hanging on CG property.

B.5. Black Duck, 1929 Deadly speedboat shooting that helped turn public opinion against prohibition.

03.01.04 – War on Drugs A. Ongoing mission to interdict illegal substances

A.1. West Coast opium seizures, 1890s This is the beginning of the CG drug interdiction mission.

Merchant ships coming to the new state of Washington from

China were caught smuggling opium, which was an illicit substance.

A.2. Heroin into Florida, 1920s During Prohibition. Vessel stopped on suspicion of smuggling alcohol, but CG found heroin onboard. Heroin was thrown overboard, caught in rudder.

A.3. First modern drug bust, 1973 Cutter Dauntless: “I smell marijuana and you’re all under arrest.”

ENS Penn Shade. [good imagery]. (Increased demand for marijuana in 1960s and 1970s).

B. Fighting drug smuggling, 1990 to today Story is smugglers vs. Coast Guard. Technological tit for tat.

Smuggling though speed. Increased challenges lead to increased ability.

B.1. Increasing size and street value of busts over time Plot the size / value of drug seizures. Show top drug busts.

B.2. HITRON

Helicopter Interdiction Tactical Squadron (HITRON) est 1998, first ops in 2000.

B.3. OTH OHI

Semi-Submersible Vessels and Over-the-Horizon RHIs (OTH RHI) is a dramatic increase in capability of cutter launched boats.

Requires reliable navigation and communication from cutter to boat. Expands the cutter’s ability to stop smugglers. Story: CGC Munro OTH RHI intercepts semi-submersible

B.4. Cutter Callout: Terrell Horne While intercepting smugglers in San Diego Bay, smuggler attempted to ram CG vessel. Terrell Horne pushed his fellow crewmember out of the way and was struck and killed by smuggler’s vessel (2012).

B.5. UAS

Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). Predator drones in support of LE. First CG UAS pilot Hispanic-American Jose Salicetti. CGC Stratton (2018): UAS on CGC Stratton aided multiple drug interdictions. Stratton and task force seized 47,000 pounds of cocaine worth $720 million.

B.6. Munro narco sub boarding AV: linear video of 2019 event in the Pacific. Shows daring and heroic boarding. “Alto Su Barco!”

B.7. Joint Agency Operations B.7.1. TACLETs

Tactical Law Enforcement Teams (TACLETs) B.7.2. LEDETs

Law Enforcement Detachments (LEDETs) B.7.3. LCDR Joe Rodriguez

TACLET legend; c.2000 partnering with DEA, led a detachment of tactical law enforcement specialists through the rivers of Central America resulting in one of the largest drug busts in U.S. history.

B.7.4. Joint Tactical Law Enforcement.

JIATF South is the National Task Force that serves as the catalyst for integrated and synchronized interagency counter-illicit trafficking operations, and is responsible for the detection and monitoring of suspect air and maritime drug activity in the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and the eastern Pacific.

"Transnational Criminal Organizations" (TCO's is the buzz word for this effort; the modern equivalent to piracy).

B.7.5. Four interdictions in four days, 2020 May 24-27, 2020. CG LEDET 403 on USS Lassen (DDG-82) and working with littoral combat ship Detroit (LCS 7). Over a four day period, CG law enforcement detachment made four seizures of illegal drugs (70 bales of cocaine, 42 bales of marijuana) worth approximately $80 million.

03.01.05 – Force Protection at Home A. Domestic Force Protection Mission

Post 9/11, the Coast Guard increased its mission to protect military assets in U.S. waters. In this mission, the Coast Guard straddles the line between law enforcement and military operations. Military escort of Naval vessels. Military outloads in preparation for second Gulf War and War in Afghanistan.

Submarine bases, guided missile subs, MFPU 64’ gunboats are mission specific; Bangor ME, Kings Bay GA •Three layers:

Local CG unit Dedicated, permanent unit (MFPU) Deployable MSST at District office

Shore component blue/ green uniforms.

Dog patrols.

B. Team Coast Guard – We are Enforcers

03.01.06 – Migrant Operations Law enforcement helps people. As part of the law-enforcement mission, the CG works to save lives.

A. Human Trafficking A.1. Wing Fung Lung, 2000

After the U.S. Coast Guard intercepted the freighter Wing Fung Lung on the high seas last month, the smugglers who were bringing 249 illegal Chinese immigrants to America attempted to sink the ship. When that failed, they tried to blend in with the immigrants, start a riot, set fires, and overpower U.S. sailors. See this article.

A.2. Golden Venture, 1993 [Was “27 Chinese migrants in a cargo container.”] Freighter ran aground off Fort Tilden in the Rockaways, NYC, with cargo of nearly 300 Chinese immigrants. CG among a joint force of first responders.

A.3. Yola story, 2016 Joint force including USCGC Richard Dixon intercepted yola with migrants crossing from Dominican Republic to Puerto Rico.

03.01.07 – Boarding Party (Boarding Team)

CG has been doing boardings since 1790. Boarding Party Team interactive experience includes multiple missions of the CG.

A.1. Mariner documents check Check merchant mariner documents for expiration/ fraud. Check crew manifest for extra or missing crew.

A.1. Fisheries enforcement Inspect net on deck, use net size checker to check size of net holes. Inspect turtle excluder device (built into the net) for size/ function. Equipment outside of cabin on working aft deck of boat.

A.2. Human trafficking Hidden panel with people behind it. Possibly a floor panel with just a graphic behind it.

A.3. Smuggling Find drugs/weapons in concealed space

A.4. Maritime workplace safety Find unsafe conditions – missing survival suits. Expired flares, EPIRB, lifeboat, fire extinguishers.

A.5. Environmental protection Find the magic pipe that goes around the oily-water separator. A “magic pipe” is the nickname for any plumbing used to pump water around an oily-water separator and discharge oily water into the sea.

03.02 – Defenders of Our Nation

03.02.00 – Defenders Intro

CG has served in every major maritime conflict (except Barbary Wars)

A. In Times of Conflict AV: Linear video showing the vital role the Coast Guard plays in our military.

03.02.01 – First 100 Years Focus is on defense readiness during the age of sail.

B. Quasi-War with France B.1. Cutter Pickering captures privateer L'Egypte Conquise, 1799

Lightly armed cutter captured bigger, more heavily-armed privateer.

B.2. Cutter Eagle captures Bon Père, 1799 C. War of 1812

C.1. Cutter Vigilant defeats privateer Dart, 1813 One of the last examples of old style contested boarding.

C.2. Cutter Surveyor, 1813 Surveyor attacked by Royal Navy and surrendered after valiant fight.

C.3. Cutter Thomas Jefferson, 1813 A large party of Royal Marines and seaman had captured an American privateer schooner. Cutter Thomas Jefferson captured barges, Royal Navy personnel, and freed American vessel.

C.4. Cutter Eagle defends New Haven, 1814 Captain Lee and Eagle gallant defense at New Haven, Connecticut (1814). Took cannon off of Eagle. Ran out of cannon balls so used enemies’ and fired back.

C.5. Trailblazer: John Bearbere First CG POW to die in captivity. Member of crew of cutter Madison, captured by British in 1813. Crew of captured cutter included white men, free men of color, and four enslaved men.

D. The Revenue Marine in Wartime D.1. Second Seminole War D.2. Mexican War

E. Civil War E.1. Harriet Lane, 1861

The first “naval” shot of the war in Charleston Harbor E.2. Lincoln aboard the Miami E.3. Gunboat Naugatuck

F. Spanish-American War F.1. USRCS Hudson, 1898

Rescue of USS Winslow under heavy fire in Cardeñas Bay, 1898

03.02.02 – World War I

A. Baptism by Fire A.1. Coast Guard created, 1915

The Coast Guard was created in 1915 due to WWI, a merger of Life Saving Service and Revenue Cutter Service.

A.2. Port Security WWI was the genesis of the CG’s port security mission. CG guarded U.S. ports against poor cargo handling, ship traffic control, and saboteurs [this is both PWCS: Domestic Commercial and PWCS Domestic Force Protection missions].

A.2.1. Black Tom explosion, 1916 Black Tom was an ammunition dump island in NY Harbor, blown up by German saboteurs. Captain Godfrey Carden, Captain of the Port of NY. First Captain of the Port in U.S.

A.3. “Plan One Acknowledge” Plan One was the Mobilization plan for the CG. When war was announced, CGHQ broadcast to all CG units worldwide ”Plan One Acknowledge” and all CG units knew what to do: report to nearest Navy Command for wartime service.

B. Combat Capabilities B.1. Convoy Escort

Anti-submarine activities B.1.1. Cutter Seneca, August 1918

Successful convoy escort and rescue of SS Wellington (1918). Lt.

Fletcher Brown and the cutter Seneca crew tried to save torpedoed SS Wellington. More Navy crosses awarded than any other single event in CG history. Lives saved, lives lost.

B.1.2. Loss of USS Tampa USS Tampa lost on convoy escort duty in September 1918, killing 131 persons on board. CG’s greatest naval loss of life due to combat. Highlight minority crewmembers, first recipients of the PHM. Went down with all hands.

B.1.3. Lt. Philip Eaton, 1917 First fight between U.S naval aviation and the Germans in US waters. HS-1 pilot that witnessed the attack from his cockpit said, “Right through the smoke of the wreck, over the lifeboats and all, here came Capt. Eaton’s plane, flying straight from the submarine, and flying low. He saw the U-boat’s high-angle gun flashing, too but he came ahead.” Eaton stated later, “Had the bomb functioned, the submarine would have literally been smashed.” – Lt. Philip Eaton, aviation/anti-submarine, 1917, retired as a Rear Admiral

B.1.4. Tanker Mirlo rescue, August 1918

John Midgett was a Chief Petty Officer at a CG Boat Station on Outer Banks, took his crew out to torpedoed British Tanker Mirlo rescue, saved two boatloads of crewmembers.

C. Trailblazers: Women of the CG in WWI

C.1. Myrtle Hazard Radio operator. First woman to serve on AD

C.2. Genevieve and Lucille Baker The Yeomenettes. 12 women who served at CGHQ in personnel and recordkeeping

03.02.03 – World War II A. Coast Guard expands to fight the war

A.1. SPARs The need for service members in the U.S. led to creation of the women’s reserve, the “SPARs”

A.1.1. Trailblazer: ENS Vera Hammerasclag Hammersclag First female commanding officer of a LORAN at Station Chatham;

started as secretary. CG was at the forefront of women leading women and men. CG is the firs military service to legally determined to have ability for a female officer to give a man a lawful order. (Delegated from her male Commanding Officer) JAG determination Nov. 1943.

A.1.2. Cutter Callout: Capt. Dorothy Stratton A.1.3. Cutter Callout: Olivia Hooker A.1.4. Cutter Callout: Florence Finch

A.2. Auxiliary and Reserves Auxiliary and Reserves: There were three ways to be in the CG in WWII. You could be “regular CG”; you could be CG Reserves, which meant you were in for the duration of the War, but no more (this included the SPARs); or you could be “Temporary Reserves,” which we now call Auxiliary, and which meant you were unpaid, uniformed volunteers, lightly trained and barely armed.

•CG Reserve was created during WWII for the port security mission. El Estero, a cargo ship, was saved from destruction by fire while in port in Bayonnne. CG Reserve members fought the fire and prevented explosion. An explosion would have destroyed

NYC

•CG Auxiliary started in WWII (1939) as an all-volunteer force (“Temporary Reserves”). Unpaid, but uniformed. Manned Corsair fleet looking for U-boats. Include that Modern Auxiliary is still uniformed, still volunteer, and provides training and courtesy marine inspections to recreational boaters.

A.2.1. Beach Patrols Often horseback mounted. SN John Cullen found explosives buried by German saboteurs.

A.2.2. Corsair fleet Minimally trained and lightly armed (machine gun and a radio) vessels conscripted into CG service as submarine watches. Sailing and motor yachts appropriated by CG for U-boat patrol in coastal zone, manned by “Temporary Reserves,” what we now call “CG Auxiliary.”

A.2.3. Cutter Callout: Russel R. Waesche Commandant of the CG from 1936–45. Oversaw expansion of service during WWII, creation of Auxiliary, Reserves, integration into CG of women and minorities (personally signed off on CGC Sea Cloud integrated crew “experiment”).

A.3. Trailblazers: Jack Dempsey Training at Manhattan Beach Training at Manhattan Beach: In 1938, the CG had 10,082 members. By 1945, the CG had about 170,000 members. To support this growth, the CG set up Regional training Centers around the country, including Manhattan Beach, an integrated training center where most African American coasties completed their training. Manhattan Beach featured some famous trainers.

The head of boxing training was former world champion boxer CDR Jack Dempsey. Another fitness trainer at Manhattan Beach was Eulace Peacock, an African-American track star, who at one time outran Jesse Owens.

B. War in the Atlantic B.1. Protecting Coasts and Convoys

B.1.1. USCGC Icarus and U-352, 1942 Icarus Battled and sank U-352 (1942). First German POWs captured by Americans during WWII. Coastal story.

B.1.2. USCGC Campbell, 1943.

Campbell fighting U-boats. CPO Louis Etheridge (deckgun ended battle “Greyhounds”), CDR James Hirshfield

B.1.3. Sinbad the Dog Pettable cast figure. Mascot of USCGC Campbell. “Please do not leave drinks for Sinbad.”

B.2. Ocean Stations Weather patrols. Ships stationed way out in the sea to observe and report weather. These weather reports were what Eisenhower relied on to make the go no-go decision for D-Day.

B.2.1. USS Sea Cloud, 1943

First integrated vessel (1943). World renowned artist Jacob Lawrence onboard as artist. African American officers onboard included LTJG Clarence Samuels and Lt. Joseph Jenkins.

B.2.2. USS Muskeget, 1942 Only US weather ship lost during war. Even these “minor” missions were fraught with peril. All hands lost.

C. Greenland Patrol C.1. Fighting German weather stations

Germany was trying to establish weather observation stations in Greenland and the CG kept capturing them.

C.1.1. Cutter Callout: CGC Northland 1940s Northland, the vessel for which the modern 270’ CGC Northland is named – Greenland patrol early part of war.

Establishing military air bases, fighting German weather stations on Greenland, mapping coast for navigation, Search and Rescue.

Northland captured first enemy vessel by U.S. forces in WWII. In mid-1941 CGC Northland seized German-operated Norwegian trawler weather observation ship. Northland seized vessel and crew, interned crew for rest of war.

C.2. Maintaining stopover air stations Stopover air stations in Greenland for aircraft transitioning to Europe (U.K.). Protect the convoys and search for submarines.

C.3. Pritchard and Bottoms rescue in Greenland, 1942 B-17 crashed in Greenland, John Pritchard and Benjamin Bottoms and crew from CGC Northland (9 total) made multiple attempts to rescue the crew, on the second attempt, crashed on the ice cap and are still there.

C.4. SS Dorchester rescue, 1943 Dorchester was a troopship (but not a USAT) taking men and equipment to Greenland to support military air station there.

Sunk by a U-boat. CGC Escanaba saved 133 crew, CGC Commanche saved 97. Less than six months later, CGC Escanaba lost with almost all hands in explosion (unknown whether torpedo, mine or internal), only two survivors.

D. European Theater

D.1. The Invasion of Fortress Europe LCDR Quentin Walsh – awarded Navy Cross – led small force in 1944 against German fighters. Opened Port of Cherbourg for Allied ships. Captured 300; and liberated 50 US army rangers.

D.2. Amphibious landings CG was involved in amphibious landings throughout the European theater

D.3. D-Day D.3.1. Flotilla 1

Matchstick fleet, wood boats with mission to rescue soldiers in water. Frequently caught fire.

D.3.2. Flotilla 10 Landing craft, beach landings. CDR Miles Inlay: Navy Cross for command of Flotilla 10.

D.3.3. Trailblazer: Robert Sargent Photographer who shot iconic photo of jaws of death.

E. Pacific Theater

“The Coast Guard Got Us Here.” CG expertise in shallow and coastal waters put it at the forefront of US operations in the Pacific.

E.1. Pearl Harbor attack USCGC Taney moored in Honolulu (not Pearl Harbor). Taney returned fire against Japanese aircraft.

E.2. Guadalcanal CG ran landing craft operations. Had base of operations on the island. One of the most honored campaigns in CG history by medal count.

E.2.1. Serpens explosion Ammunition carrier off Guadalcanal. Exploded with massive loss of CG life.

E.2.2. Cutter Callout: CG coxswains from USS McKean Invasion of adjacent island Tulagi. 4 coxswains got silver stars, the first CG recipients of this honor

E.3. Iwo Jima

E.3.1. LST 795

Dee Rosario eyewitness account E.4. Philippines:

E.4.1. Trailblazer: LT Thomas James “Jimmy” Crotty The last CG POW to return from WWII. Captured in the Philippines in 1942, remains returned to U.S. in 2019.

E.5. Okinawa Attack transports, example of USS Centarus (AKA-17) manned by CG officers / crew

E.6. LORAN stories

F. Valor in World War II F.1. AV media piece

Featuring Douglas Munro (Medal of Honor recipient), and other CG heroes of the war deserving of honor.

F.2. Infographic Communicates scale of CG involvement in the war; includes trailblazer call-outs.

F.2.1. Trailblazer: Melvin Kealoha Bell Pacific Islander story, (rate/RM): Native Hawaiian, Radio and intel specialist and first to broadcast news of Japanese attack.

F.2.2. Trailblazer: Joseph Tezanos Hispanic American story, (rate/GM). Saved lives in Pearl Harbor after attack.

F.2.3. Trailblazer: Motor Machinist Joseph Toahty Pawnee (Native American), Operated landing craft to the beaches of Guadalcanal.

F.2.4. Trailblazer: James Leftwich Native American, Chickasaw, youngest enlistee (14yrs). Purple Heart at age 16 at Kwajalin, retired as an LT by 35.

F.2.5. Cutter Callout: Robert Goldman Bronze Star/Purple Heart, Japanese Kamikaze Attack/ Amphibious Ops (1944). CG Corpsman Runs into fire to save wounded.

F.2.6. Trailblazer: Harvey Russell African American, Reserve Officer Training. Corporate barrier breaker- VP of Sales, Pepsi. Great photo with his crew.

F.2.7. Trailblazer: Niels Peter Thomsen Installed LORAN stations on enemy-controlled islands, including Iwo Jima.

F.2.8. Trailblazers: James Eubanks and John Booth Guardian Spies served in support of OSS in jungles of Burma. CPO James Eubanks; LT John Booth

03.02.04 – Redefining Defense Roles A. Korean War

A.1. Aviation/ SAR Some aviation stations Midway, Wake, and Sangley Point, flew big PBM patrol planes. “Big John” Vukic flew out of Sangley for at-sea rescue of a crashed Navy aircraft. PBM failed on takeoff, stranding crew. Some crew picked up by Navy destroyer, the rest washed ashore in China never to be seen again (MIA). Gold Lifesaving Medal to Vukic.

A.1.1. Establishing the Korean CG The Korean CG (later navy) was established with USCG assistance.

A.1.2. Weather stations In the Atlantic and Pacific, Ocean Weather Stations were key to transportation of personnel and material to the Korean Peninsula.

A.1.3. LORAN Station South Korea

B. Cold War B.1. Operation Vagabond

Cutter Courier and radio broadcasting,1950s and 1960s. Based out of Greece, ship anchored in Greek waters to broadcast Voice of America to Europe and western Russia.

•AV: Audio loop of music and news like would have been broadcast

B.1.1. Cutter Callout: Alex Haley Journalist Chief Petty Officer and author of Roots, autobiography of Malcolm X. (Pulitzer Prize). Found his voice as an author while serving in the Coast Guard. There is a current USCG Public Affairs Award named after Alex Haley as well.

B.2. Domestic security CG support of domestic security. CG overflew vessels with Geiger counters looking for radioactive materials.

B.3. LORAN Station Lampedusa, 1986 Lampedusa is an Italian island off the Libyan coast. Libya fired missiles at station. Hit the island but no casualties.

B.3.1. Trailblazer: Kay Hartzell First female commanding officer of an isolated U.S. military base overseas (1979).

B.4. Trailblazer: Eleanor L’Ecuyer Changed rules about women’s seniority (can stay past 20 years), women’s maternity (can stay in service) and dual military colocation policies (co-location should happen).

C. Vietnam Five CG missions in Viet Nam. CG is Tip of the Spear in Vietnam shallows. Navy asked the CG to deploy. CG was first military agency in the shallow waters of Viet Nam. Preceded Navy and trained Navy how to do small-boat ops. CG was ahead of Navy Swift Boats/PCFs by 6-8 months.

C.1. Shallow water operations and boardings.

C.1.1. Smuggling interdiction

(Operation Market Time (1965-70), Operation SEALORD (South East Asian Lake River and Ocean Strategy) Anti-smuggling operation: weapons, supplies (1968-71)). Development of drug interdiction boarding skills/opposed boarding. Interdiction of sea routes meant that smuggling moved inland to more difficult Ho Chi Min trail.

•CGC Point Grey, Point Cypress engaged in small arms sea battle with North Vietnamese trawler loaded w/ weapons off CaMau peninsula. Later discovered that trawler was carrying 74 tons of weapons.

C.1.2. Medical/humanitarian mission Vaccinations and medical care in friendly villages. MedCap Mission went into villages to provide medical care. HSC Joe White.

C.1.3. Reconnaissance Special Ops in 12’ Boston whaler with no vessel armor, only flak vest. Boat shot to pieces, 2 wounded and 1 KIA.

•Cutter callout: Heriberto Hernandez. Purple heart and bronze star. Killed in action doing recon in 12’ Boston Whaler.

C.2. Naval Gunfire support Offshore High Endurance Cutters (311’, 327’, 378’ cutters participated) provided naval gunfire support to land units in joint operations with US Navy and Vietnam Navy.

C.3. Explosives loading team

Ensured safety of military cargos: onload/ offload in Vietnam.

•SS Carroll Victory, a Victory ship loaded with 20mm high-explosive ammo caught fire. CG member extinguished fire, saving ship and cargo.

C.4. Aviation Rescue Coasties transferred to USAF for Jolly Green Combat SAR mission.

•Jack C. Rittichier, KIA June 1968 attempting to rescue a downed aviator. Highest ranking CG officer killed during Vietnam war.

LCDR Rittichier’s remains were returned in 2003?. Previously, LT Rittichier had distinguished himself in Search and Rescue in the M/V Nordmeer rescue where LT Rittichier and crew rescued 8 people in 22 min from sinking vessel.

C.5. Commerce and Transportation in Vietnam

US was nation building. Trying to help set up a functioning government. Marine Safety Office Saigon. ATON installed. LORAN stations

03.02.05 – Modern Combat A. Persian Gulf War

A.1. CG Reserve Port Security Units Major activation and deployment of CG Reservists. PSU 303 became first to deploy overseas in the Persian Gulf. Port Security Units First time any reservists called up since WWII. First CG women in combat roles. First time PSU actually established as a unit. Mission: to guard strategic port facilities in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia [this is the PWCS: overseas force protection mission].

A.2. Oil spill response

National Strike Force, CG Aviation (HU-25 Falcon): Oil wells sabotaged/ burned on land, large oil spill into Gulf. Largest oil spill in history. Capping wells a significant technological challenge.

A.3. Trailblazer: Sandra “Granny…