SUBMITTED TO:

R I C H A R D G R U B B & A S S O C I A T E S

Gannett Fleming Valley Forge Corporate Center 1010 Adams Avenue Audobon, Pennsylvania 19403

November 2022 (Revised March 2025; Revised February 26, 2026)

ARCHAEOLOGICAL MONITORING PROTOCOL

30TH TO K OVERHEAD CONTACT SYSTEM

AND STRUCTURES REPLACEMENT PROJECT

City of Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania

30TH TO K OVERHEAD CONTACT SYSTEM AND

STRUCTURES REPLACEMENT PROJECT

City of Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania

Prepared by:

Michelle L. Davenport, MA, RPA Michael J. Gall, MA, RPA

Submitted by:

Richard Grubb & Associates, Inc.

259 Prospect Plains Road, Building D Cranbury, New Jersey 08512

Submitted to:

Gannett Fleming Valley Forge Corporate Center 1010 Adams Avenue Audobon, Pennsylvania 19403

Date:

November 16, 2022 (Revised March 4, 2025; Revised February 26, 2026)

ARCHAEOLOGICAL MONITORING PROTOCOL

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

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This Archaeological Monitoring Protocol has been prepared by Richard Grubb & Associates, Inc. (RGA) on behalf of Gannett Fleming and SEPTA in advance of the replacement of the Overhead Contact System (OCS) and Structures Replacement Project between the interface at K Interlocking and Zoo Interlocking in the City of Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania (Appendix A: Figures 1-3). The Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the project is located within the boundary of the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)-listed 30th Street Station (Key No. 001480; NRHP: 2/7/1978) and the NRHP-eligible Pennsylvania Railroad: Station (30th Street) (Boundary Increase) (Resource ID# 2005RE00246), the NRHP-eligible Pennsylvania Railroad: Main Line (Philadelphia to New York) (Resource ID# 1994RE01403), and the NRHP-eligible Pennsylvania Railroad: Main Line (Philadelphia to Harrisburg) (Key No. 105675; SHPO Opinion: 6/25/2018) (see Appendix A: Figure 2).

Additionally, the former Quaker (Upper) Burial Ground (also known as the Blockley Burial Ground) is partially located within the southern part of the railroad right-of-way (ROW), and likely extends into the project’s APE (see Appendix A: Figure 3). The burial ground was used by the Society of Friends Meeting, possibly as early as the late seventeenth century and was later used as a municipal potters’ field from 1816-1851.

RGA understands that the project will receive funding from the Federal Transit Administration (FTA). Accordingly, the undertaking is subject to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA), as amended (Public Law 89-665; 54 USC §; 300101 et seq.), and its implementing regulations (36 CFR § 800). Under Section 106, federal agencies must take into account the effect of the undertaking on historic properties listed in or eligible for listing in the NRHP. This must be done in consultation with the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO), Tribal Historic Preservation Officers (THPOs), consulting parties, and the public, and must afford the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) a reasonable opportunity to comment, as appropriate. Historic properties can include above-ground historic architectural resources, below-ground archaeological resources, and traditional cultural properties. Compliance with Section 106 will satisfy other applicable cultural resources requirements under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), Section 4(f) of the US Department of Transportation Act, and relevant state permits. RGA further understands that the lead federal agency will be the FTA.

Only an alternative that preserves and rehabilitates the existing catenary structures would qualify under the Exempted Activities List pursuant to the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation’s Program Comment to Exempt Consideration of Effects to Rail Properties Within Rail Rights-of-Way (effective August 17, 2018). Because the proposed undertaking calls for the existing catenary structures to be taken out of service, the Program Comment does not apply, and Section 106 consultation is required.

RGA completed a Phase IA cultural resources survey for the project in March 2022 (Richard Grubb & Associates, Inc. 2022). The project location was divided into four sections (Sections 1 through 4) (see Appendix A: Figure 3). Based on the results of the survey, it was determined that portions of Sections 1 and 2 were cut and subsequently infilled during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries as a result of railroad development, including landscape terracing;

rail line installation; and the construction of a locomotive house, engine houses, and other railroad-related buildings. Little development occurred within Sections 1 and 2 prior to the 1860s, although the pre-1819-1851 Blockley Burial Ground (Quaker [Upper] Burial Ground)/ Potter’s Field was located within and/or adjacent to the southeastern portion of the project location (Sections 1 and 2). Archaeological monitoring for human remains was recommended for those portions of Sections 1 and 2 within fill and below fill levels where excavations are proposed. Portions of Sections 1, 2, and 3 were assessed with moderate to high historic (non-burial) archaeological sensitivity based on the map-documented presence of non-extant early railroad-related structures that potentially could contribute to the significance of the historic properties within the project location. Portions of Sections 1 and 2 have potential to contain intact or disarticulated burials/human remains associated with the Blockley Burial Ground

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(Quaker [Upper] Burial Ground)/Potter’s Field. RGA recommended archaeological monitoring of non-caisson-related excavations and trenches in areas of archaeological sensitivity in Sections 1 through 3 and in areas with the highest potential for buried human remains in Sections 1 and 2. Locations for proposed archaeological monitoring are depicted as pink cross-hatched polygons and purple shading on Figures 3 and 4a-4c. An Unanticipated Discovery Plan to document and recover human remains that may be identified in other portions of the project location not subject to monitoring was developed and is submitted under a separate cover.

This Archaeological Monitoring Protocol includes provisions for monitoring during construction, identification of key personnel responsible for ensuring that the monitoring takes place, and a chain of command for key personnel, including contact information. An archaeologist who meets the requirements of 36 CFR 61 will be present on site during the archaeological monitoring and documentation. Michael J. Gall, MA, RPA, a Principal Senior Archaeologist from RGA, served as Project Manager. Michelle L. Davenport, MA, RPA, a Senior Archaeologist from RGA, and Mr. Gall wrote this document. Mr. Gall and Ms. Davenport meet the requirements of 36 CFR 61 (Appendix B).

Mr. Gall, Natalie Maher, and Richard Grubb edited the document, and Patricia McEachen produced the graphics.

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2.0 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������1-1

2.0 Table of Contents���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������2-1

3.0 List of Figures���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3-1

4.0 Project Description�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������4-1

5.0 Methodology������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5-1

5.1 Goals and Conduct of Archaeological Monitoring and Documentation�������������� 5-1

5.2 Monitoring and Recordation Protocol of Human Remains/Grave Goods���������� 5-2

5.3 Monitoring and Recordation Protocol for Non-Burial-Related Resources ���������� 5-6

6.0 Points of Contact����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������6-1

7.0 Report and Deliverables�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7-1

8.0 References����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������8-1

Appendices:

Appendix A: Figures

Appendix B: Qualifications of Principal Senior Archaeologist and Senior Archaeologist

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3.0 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: U.S.G.S. map���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������App-A-2

Figure 2: Aerial image showing the project location and historic properties within the Project location����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������App-A-3

Figure 3: Key aerial map depicting the project location, areas of archaeological sensitivity, and locations of Figures 4a through 4c�����������������������������������������������������������������������App-A-4

Figure 4a: Aerial map depicting Sections 1 and 2 of the project location, the Area of Potential Effects or Limit of Disturbance, areas of historic archaeological sensitivity, and location of potential for burials/remains related to the Quaker Blockley (Upper) Burying Ground/Potters’ Field�����������������������������������������������������App-A-5

Figure 4b: Aerial map depicting Sections 1 and 2 of the project location, the Area of Potential Effects or Limit of Disturbance, areas of historic archaeological sensitivity, and location of potential for burials/remains related to the Quaker Blockley (Upper) Burying Ground/Potters’ Field�����������������������������������������������������App-A-6

Figure 4c: Aerial map depicting Sections 2 and 3 of the project location, the Area of Potential Effects or Limit of Disturbance, and areas of historic archaeological sensitivity��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������App-A-7

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4.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

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SEPTA’s proposed project is approximately 2.6 kilometers (1.6 miles) long and extends north and west through SEPTA’s Powelton Yard and mainline rail tracks from the National Railroad Passenger Corporation’s (Amtrak) William H. Gray III 30th Street Station (30th Street Station) to K Interlocking and Zoo Interlocking south of Girard Avenue in the City and County of Philadelphia. SEPTA plans to replace the OCS between the interface at K Interlocking and Zoo Interlocking through 30th Street Station, including all of the mainline and yard tracks (see Appendix A: Figures 1-3, 4a-4c). SEPTA tracks within the project location include four revenue-operating tracks, Tracks 1 through 4, and 17 tracks in the Powelton Yard. The project will isolate the proposed replacement OCS from Amtrak’s structures and territory. Existing structures, including cross catenary structures, will be taken out of service. SEPTA proposes the replacement or modification of existing SEPTA-owned OCS catenary and associated structures. Other project elements include replacement of timber retaining walls and above-grade repairs to masonry retaining walls, placement of guy wire caissons, duct banks, and a concrete bulkhead; slope stabilization; and track work. Existing access roads will be utilized.

Based on plans dated March 2018 and June 2020, the project will include the replacement of approximately 306 catenary poles (i.e., 257 foundations during Phase IA and 49 foundations during Phase IB), approximately 1.6 miles of track, and timber retaining walls; the installation of guy wire caisson structures, approximately 1,900 linear feet of new duct banks for switch heaters, concrete bulkhead at the southern end of Powelton Yard, and electrical cable; drainage and stormwater improvements; and slope stabilization between 30th Street Station and the interface at K Interlocking and Zoo Interlocking. Of the 306 catenary poles, approximately 95 foundations are located in areas that necessitate archaeological monitoring.

The purpose of the project is to address facility deficiencies and to provide for anticipated future electrical power and infrastructure needs. SEPTA’s OCS components, including 12kV feeder lines and insulators, were installed in the 1930s and are reaching the end of their service life. Existing retaining walls require replacement or repair. Track extensions are needed to meet current needs at the intensively used 30th Street Station regional train hub. SEPTA seeks to replace the OCS and retaining walls with structures meeting current engineering standards.

The proposed improvements will also meet the 35-foot height limit requirement associated with an anticipated future overbuild of SEPTA’s Powelton Yard south of Spring Garden Street.

RGA understands that the project will receive funding from the FTA. Accordingly, the undertaking is subject to Section 106 of the NHPA, as amended (Public Law 89-665; 54 USC §; 300101 et seq.), and implementing regulations (36 CFR § 800). Under Section 106, federal agencies must account for the effect of the undertaking on historic properties listed in or eligible for listing in the NRHP in consultation with the SHPO, THPOs, consulting parties, and the public, and must afford the ACHP a reasonable opportunity to comment, as appropriate.

Historic properties can include aboveground historic architectural resources, belowground archaeological resources, and traditional cultural properties. Compliance with Section 106 will satisfy other applicable cultural resources requirements under the NEPA, Section 4(f) of the U.S. Department of Transportation Act, and relevant state permits and laws. Should the APE contain intact or disarticulated human remains and/or burial goods, compliance with the Pennsylvania Historical Burial Places Preservation Act of 1994 (PHBPPA) will be necessary.

Compliance with the PHBPPA may necessitate approval of the removal of human remains, if present, by the Philadelphia Orphan’s Court of Common Pleas prior to the beginning of work.

The FTA is utilizing the activities-based approach of the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation’s Program Comment to Exempt Consideration of Effects to Rail Properties Within Rail Rights-of-Way, effective August 17, 2018 (83 FR 42920, August 24, 2018, and amended 84 FR 31075, June 28, 2019) (Program Comment) to achieve compliance with Section 106. Under the Program Comment, federal agencies do not need to assess effects on

4-2 rail-related historic properties within railroad ROWs if the project activities are covered by one or more exempted activities listed in “Appendix A: Exempted Activities List of the Program Comment” of the Program Comment. General Rule E of the Program Comment states that the Exempted Activities List does not apply to archaeological sites of any nature located in undisturbed portions of rail ROWs; therefore, Section 106 consultation is required for any project that proposes ground disturbance in undisturbed areas. Because new ground disturbance is proposed within portions of the rail ROW, the Program Comment does not apply, and Section 106 consultation is required.

Due to the nature of the proposed project, the APE consists of discontinuous footprints of several design elements within the existing rail corridor where the proposed project has the potential to cause ground disturbance-based effects on historic properties. The APE considered in this report encompasses areas of the project location where ground disturbance is necessary for the completion of the project. For the proposed project, the APE footprint consists of the proposed limits of disturbance (LOD) as defined on project plans (Gannett Fleming, Inc. 2018, 2020a, 2020b). The APE includes discontiguous areas of new track construction or realignment, catenary pole structures, guy wire caissons, slope stabilization areas, retaining wall replacements, and other elements. Access will utilize existing access roads, which are not included in the APE.

The project location is divided into four sections (see Appendix A: Figure 3). Archaeological monitoring is required in areas of assessed moderate to high archaeological sensitivity, except within those areas of caisson drilling that fall outside mapped areas of potential for burial/remains related to the Blockley Burial Ground (Quaker [Upper] Burial Ground)/Potters’ Field as depicted on Figures 4.a and 4.b.

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5.0 METHODOLOGY

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5.1 Goals and Conduct of Archaeological Monitoring and Documentation

This Archaeological Monitoring Protocol includes:

• Provisions for documentation and monitoring during construction,

• Identification of key personnel responsible for ensuring that monitoring is occurring, and

• A chain of command for key personnel including contact information.

All work will be conducted in accordance with the Secretary of Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation, 1983, Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties, and the standards of the Pennsylvania State Historic Preservation Office (PA SHPO) (2021). An archaeologist who meets the Professional Qualification Standards for Archaeology (36 CFR Part 61) set forth by the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualifications Standards (48 CFR 44739) will perform/supervise the monitoring work. The archaeologist(s) will follow the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) safety standards and a Health and Safety Plan (HASP) provided by the Contractor, SEPTA, or SEPTA’s Engineer. The handling, removal, treatment, and storage of human remains will necessitate approval by the Philadelphia Orphan’s Court of Common Pleas.

Accomplishing these objectives may entail brief stoppages of work. Excavation contractors should be made fully aware that such stoppages may be necessary and that they will need to plan accordingly when and if structural and cultural features and/or human remains are identified. Archaeological monitors under the supervision of the Principal Investigator and Principal Senior Archaeologist will document excavations and exposed cultural features in excavations of the monitoring area that are limited to the vertical and horizontal construction limits for the proposed project. If archaeological remains, human remains, artifact deposits, or cultural features are not present, work stoppages are not anticipated.

Archaeological Monitoring for Human Remains (Blockley Burial Ground(Quaker [Upper] Burial Ground/Potters’ Field) The goals of the archaeological monitoring within and in proximity to the Blockley Burial Ground (Quaker [Upper] Burial Ground)/Potters’ Field are to observe for the presence of potential grave shafts and exposed articulated or disarticulated human remains or associated grave goods/coffin remains. Identified human remains, whether intact or disarticulated, must be handled in a manner that complies with the Pennsylvania Historical Burial Places Preservation Act of 1994 and meet the requirements that would be set via consultation by SEPTA with the Philadelphia Orphan’s Court of Common Pleas. It is recommended that this archaeological monitoring plan/protocol and the Unanticipated Discoveries Protocol be provided to the Philadelphia Orphan’s Court of Common Pleas, the PA SHPO, and the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting (Quaker Friends) for review and comment. An associated Unanticipated Discoveries Protocol has been prepared and submitted separately to provide SEPTA and its contractors with a methodology to treat unanticipated human remains, if encountered, during construction in other portions of the project location not assessed as sensitive for the presence of buried human remains.

If present, human remains, coffin material, and grave goods will be archaeologically documented via photography and scaled line drawings; the locations will be mapped, excavated, and exhumed with respect and care as detailed in Section 5.2. Recovered human remains, non-wood coffin hardware, and grave goods will be removed to an off-site, climate controlled, limited access secured storage facility/room provided by SEPTA, preferably within a facility proximate to the Powelton Yard, for temporary storage until reburial can be coordinated with

5-2 an appropriate cemetery (e.g., Woodlands Cemetery in Philadelphia). It is assumed that coordination for reburial with an appropriate cemetery will be undertaken by SEPTA or SEPTA’s Engineer. A chain of custody form will be compiled. Consultation with potential descendent communities (i.e., the Philadelphia Society of Friends Meeting) should be formerly conducted prior to project-related excavations. If determined necessary by the PA SHPO, FTA, and SEPTA, a public notification in a Philadelphia newspaper may be advertised for a period of two (2) weeks prior to commencement of project excavations or following identification of human remains to determine if additional lineal descendants wish to be consulted regarding the handling and reinterment of recovered remains. On-site archaeological monitoring will consist of a qualified archaeologist observing excavations in the APE following the protocol listed in Section 5.2.

Archaeological monitoring is recommended during all trench excavations and auger drilling for the OCS installation in Sections 1 and 2 of the project location that fall within the approximate boundary of the Blockley Burial Ground (Quaker [Upper] Burial Ground)/Potters’ Field as shown on Figures 4.a and 4.b in Appendix A. Trench excavations and auger drilling will take place in these areas for placement of electrical cable; the construction of new catenary structures, pullboxes, duct banks, timber retaining walls, and a concrete bulkhead; and stormwater improvements. Archaeological monitoring during construction will record exposed soil profiles and, if present, human burials. Field notes, mapping, scaled line drawings and overview digital photographs of construction activities will be taken in the selected areas.

In the event that human remains clearly associated with a pre-Contact or Contact period Native American burial are identified (i.e., remains found with traditional Native American funerary offerings like chipped or ground stone tools, stone gorgets, mica, red ochre, beads, unglazed ceramics, stone or clay tobacco pipes, quartz crystal, animal bone/shell, and/or copper implements), such remains will be left in place until relevant Native American Tribes are contacted by the FTA and a determination is made with such Tribal Governments regarding preferred and appropriate treatment measures.

Federally-recognized tribal nations have also requested to be notified by FTA if pre-Contact period Native American artifacts are found irrespective of association with or lack of association with human remains.

Archaeological Monitoring for Nineteenth-Century Buildings The goals of the archaeological monitoring are to record any historic archaeological resources associated with map-documented, circa-1870s railroad-related shops and buildings exposed during construction activities in Sections 1, 2, and 3 (see Appendix A: see Figures 2-3). The monitoring will consist of an archaeologist observing excavations in the identified monitoring areas (see Appendix A:

Figures 2 and 3) and recording exposed soil profiles and cultural features associated with the above noted resources. Field notes, mapping, scaled line drawings, and overview digital photographs of construction activities will be taken in the proposed monitoring areas.

5.2 Monitoring and Recordation Protocol of Human Remains/Grave Goods

The protocols for archaeological monitoring within the boundaries of the Blockley Burial Ground (Quaker [Upper] Burial Ground)/Potters’ field and the protocol for recordation of exposed human remains identified during construction are as follows:

1) A pre-construction, start-up meeting will be held between SEPTA’s Engineer, the Archaeologist, and the Contractor to discuss the intent of the monitoring and documentation and the procedures that will be implemented. The Contractor will be notified that the identification of human remains and anticipated nineteenth-century structural features may necessitate halting construction or excavation in certain areas to enable archaeological documentation and excavation. The start-up meeting should be planned in advance of excavations to determine the most appropriate way to stage excavations to prevent delays in the event human remains and structural features are identified and need to be archaeologically excavated.

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2) A designated representative from the Contractor, SEPTA, or SEPTA’s Engineer will inform SEPTA’s Archaeologist by phone or e-mail at least five (5) working days in advance of required monitoring tasks.

3) The Archaeologist will work under the HASP for the project, to be prepared by the Contractor, SEPTA, or SEPTA’s Engineer. It is assumed that Level D personal protective equipment (PPE) will be required for all on-site personnel including a hard hat, safety glasses with side shields, high visibility break away safety vest, leather gloves, long pants, gloves, and steel-toed boots and will undergo SEPTA and Amtrak Roadway Worker Safety Training prior to on-site entry.

4) The Contractor will be responsible for ensuring that excavations are secured, and that all excavations meet OSHA standards for safe entry. Archaeological staff will not enter confined spaces. Such measures may include, at a minimum, providing appropriate shoring, sloping, or benching soils for excavations that exceed 5 feet in depth, and providing safe means of access/egress from the excavations as per OSHA standards. A safe means will be provided for ingress/egress for excavations at depths between 4 and 5 feet below grade.

5) A designated representative from the Contractor, SEPTA, or SEPTA’s Engineer should be on site at all times during archaeological monitoring. Decisions to temporarily halt work to document and archaeologically excavate human remains and/or nineteenth-century structural remains will be communicated to representatives the Contractor, SEPTA, or SEPTA’s Engineer.

6) The archaeological monitor will observe excavations from a safe distance away from heavy equipment, but proximate enough to observe for evidence of exposed human remains or discolored soils associated with soil-filled burial shafts, if present and apparent. The upper portion of burial shafts may not be apparent depending on the soils used to fill the portion of each burial shaft above the coffin.

Archaeological personnel will correspond with the site foreman when mechanical excavations need to temporarily halt at or dig carefully in certain locations. If present, once the depth of grave shafts or human remains has been determined, the construction foreman, SEPTA, and SEPTA’s Engineer will be notified. If required, a Court-appointed liaison or trustee will also be notified. It is anticipated that mechanical excavations at and below the identified depth of burial shafts/human remains may necessitate that soil be carefully pulled back during mechanical excavation until the area has been archaeologically cleared.

While archaeological excavation of human remains, if present, is being undertaken in an area of the project site, the contractor may continue to excavate in other areas of the project site, provided the archaeologist has determined that those areas are situated in a portion of the project that does not require archaeological monitoring, or if another archaeologist is present to observe excavations conducted in areas of assessed moderate to high archaeological sensitivity. This may require excavation staging by the Contractor to anticipate and limit excavation delays resulting from archaeological documentation or recovery of human remains.

A monitoring field log will be prepared, detailing the results of archaeological monitoring for each day. Representative digital photographs of construction excavations will be taken to document excavation locations and exposed soil profiles.

7) In the event that human burials or human skeletal remains are encountered, all ground-disturbing activities in the vicinity shall cease immediately so that the archaeologist can determine if the remains are articulated or disarticulated.

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• Points of contact at SEPTA will be contacted.

○ SEPTA: Leonard Nardone (215)-776-6962, LNardone@septa.org.

○ SEPTA: Robert Fraynert (215)-964-4600, Rfraynert@septa.org.

○ SEPTA: Robert Tangi (215)-964-4823, Rtangi@septa.org.

• The PA SHPO archaeological reviewer, Justin McKeel, will be contacted at 717-783- 9900 or 717-783-8946, jusmckeel@pa.gov.

• Local law enforcement and County/State Medical Examiners will be contacted immediately. It may be determined prudent to proactively notify the departments below of the likelihood of identifying anticipated historically interred human burials associated with the cemetery:

○ Philadelphia Police Department: 311 (non-emergency number)

○ City of Philadelphia Medical Examiner’s Office: 215-685-7458

• The Court-appointed liaison or trustee will be contacted if required. The name and contact information will be determined by the Philadelphia Orphans Court of Common Pleas.

SEPTA, SEPTA’s Engineer, and the PA SHPO will inform the FTA. Upon permission by the PA SHPO, SEPTA, and the FTA, documentation and removal of the human remains by archaeological monitors will commence.

8) The location of exposed human remains will be mapped using a handheld submeter global positioning satellite (GPS) device with submeter accuracy or using survey points established by the contractor. Isolated or redeposited human remains that are observed will be mapped, collected, and placed in a bag with a tag that lists the appropriate provenience information. Mapping and recovery of a displaced, isolated human bone will require brief contractor excavation stoppages of 20 minutes or less to enable location recordation.

Clustered, disarticulated, and displaced human remains may take longer to map, excavate, and collect.

In the event that burial shafts are identified, additional field staff may be required for cautious hand excavations with shovel and trowel within a portion of the burial shaft to determine the depth of human remains. Once determined, the contractor will be requested to mechanically remove soil above the human remains to enable archaeological excavation and removal of human remains in the remainder of the burial shaft. Construction work will temporarily cease at the location of the burial shaft or the location of exposed human remains and additional archaeological staff may be required on-site for archaeological shaft excavation the following business day.

Each burial shaft will be fully exposed to enable digital photograph documentation with proper measurement scales and sign boards. Each end (head and foot) of the burial shaft will be mapped and photographed prior to hand excavation. The approximate location of recovered human remains will be documented on project plans. Each burial shaft or exposed human skeleton will be given a unique identifying provenience number to aid in assigning skeletal remains, coffin hardware, and grave goods to specific burial shafts. A unique identification number will also be assigned to each area of clustered or isolated human remains found in re-deposited twentieth-century fill above alluvial soils. Following machine assistance, remaining soils within burial shafts will be hand dug and screened through ¼-inch hardware mesh to facilitate recovery of human remains, grave goods, and

5-5 coffin hardware. Screening of water-logged soils may not be possible. Site environmental conditions may also affect preservation of human remains and the ability to recover intact skeletal elements. Poor preservation may reduce the ability to recover bony skeletal elements and limit the types of skeletal elements found.

It is anticipated that identified burial shafts may each require two (2) days of excavation by a team of two (2) archaeologists to map, record, and hand excavate. Mapping of articulated human skeletons will be conducted using a field sketch map showing the position of the skeleton and the remains present. It is possible that stacked burials may be present similar to other historic cemeteries archaeologically excavated in Philadelphia and New Jersey and that later burials overlap and truncate earlier or deeper burials. Care will be taken to respectfully handle any and all human remains and associated grave goods found during archaeological monitoring.

A log of recovered non-bone artifacts will be made on a burial form for each interment or isolated human bone. A digital photograph of recovered grave goods and coffin hardware will be taken in the field for use in generating a catalog of such items for inclusion in the technical report. The burial forms will contain a universal drawing of a human skeleton and upper/lower dentition. The archaeological monitor will note on the universal drawing which skeletal elements are present, when possible, for each burial or isolated element.

Washing and cataloging of the remains will not be conducted. Scanned copies of the forms will be included as an appendix in the technical report.

Each exposed human skeleton or isolated bone/tooth and associated grave goods will be separately bagged using breathable rice bags containing a tag with the appropriate provenience information to facilitate transport to the secure temporary storage facility.

Bagged items will be placed in storage boxes with an affixed outside label denoting the contents. Boxes may contain the remains of more than one individual. If artifacts found clearly identify the interred individual (e.g., a burial shaft is found in association with a buried grave marker or found with an item that clearly establishes the personal identity of the interred individual), that identity information will be listed on the associated provenience tag and in the monitoring report.

If identified, all headstones will also be mapped, digitally photographed, and notes will be taken regarding material inscription and decoration. Identified headstones will not be retained following in-field recordation.

9) In the event that no human remains or burial shafts are identified, requests to temporarily halt construction in certain areas for human burial recordation will not be necessary.

10) Monitoring will only be conducted within the confines of project-related excavations.

Should burial shafts be identified, but the bottom of the shaft is not encountered during construction excavations, the remainder of the grave shaft will be left in place and unexcavated. No investigation will be made for burial shafts that may exist outside of the vertical and horizontal LOD.

11) Human remains, if identified, will not be removed from the County of Philadelphia;

therefore, the storage of exhumed human remains will require a secured and climate-controlled storage facility located within the City or County of Philadelphia. The location of that repository will be determined in consultation with SEPTA and SEPTA’s Engineer.

It may be determined that housing the remains in the adjacent 30th Street Station or another nearby building may be the most efficient. The human remains and grave goods will be stored at the chosen SEPTA facility until a receiving cemetery is identified for reburial. The facility may require examination and approval by a Court-appointed liaison/ trustee prior to use.

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12) Following the completion of archaeological monitoring, a brief report will be prepared, detailing the results of archaeological monitoring as described in Section 7.0 herein.

5.3 Monitoring and Recordation Protocol for Non-Burial-Related Resources

Following the results of the Phase IA archaeological survey conducted for the project and its recommendations, the following archaeological monitoring protocol will be adhered to for the recordation of exposed structural features associated with nineteenth-century railroad-related buildings and one late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century building associated with the Bingham Estate, if identified, in the archaeological monitoring areas. The protocol also includes Items 1 through 5 in Section 5.2 above:

1) Areas that require archaeological monitoring will necessitate representative recordation of exposed soil profiles and documentation of identified historic structural features via digital photography and scaled line drawings within the vertical and horizontal confines of the project. Soil profiles exposed in mechanical excavations in the monitoring area will be documented, and a description of each stratum, including Munsell color, texture, soil composition, and presence or absence of cultural material, will be recorded on standardized forms. Brief work stoppages of two (2) hours or less may be necessary to record exposed structural features. Beyond clearing for recordation and documentation, detailed archaeological excavation of structural cultural features is not anticipated. Work may continue in other parts of the project site not subject to the monitoring protocols. All identified structural cultural features will be plotted on graph paper and/or project base maps.

A sample of cultural material from structural features will be retained or photographically documented on site (if found in soils determined to be contaminated) to aid in a determination of feature function and periods of construction/abandonment. In the event that a structural feature contains artifact-rich infill soil, a sample will be screened through ¼-inch mesh to enable artifact recovery. Artifacts from post-1970s secondary contexts (i.e., construction excavation spoil piles) will be noted but not retained. Architectural material may only be sampled. Retained artifacts will be placed in polyethylene bags with an accompanying tag that lists the appropriate provenience information. Retained artifacts that are not found in contaminated soils will be transferred to SEPTA’S Archaeologist for processing, analysis, and cataloging. An artifact inventory will be prepared. Representative photographs of a sample of recovered artifacts will be included in the monitoring report.

All artifacts retained will be provided to SEPTA following PA SHPO approval of the monitoring report.

6-1

6.0 POINTS OF CONTACT

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The chain of command for archaeological monitoring is presented below:

Construction Manager/Contractor: To be determined

U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration (FTA): Catherine Nadals, Environmental Protection Specialist, (215) 656-7257, catherine.nadals@dot.gov, Federal Transit Administration, 1835 Market Street, Suite 1910, Philadelphia, PA 19103.

SEPTA: Leonard Nardone, P.E., Senior Program Manager, (215)-776-6962, LNardone@ septa.org, SEPTA, 1234 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107. Secondary SEPTA contacts are Robert Fraynert (215)-964-4600, Rfraynert@septa.org and Robert Tangi (215)-964-4823, Rtangi@septa.org.

SEPTA’s Engineer: To Be Determined

PA SHPO Primary Contact: Justin McKeel, (717) 783-9900 or (717) 783-8946, jusmckeel@ pa.gov, State Historic Preservation Office, Commonwealth Keystone Building, Second Floor, 400 North Street, Harrisburg, PA 17120-0093.

Philadelphia Police Department: 311 (for non-emergency)

Philadelphia Medical Examiner’s Office: 215-685-7458

Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas, Appointed Liaison: To Be Determined.

SEPTA’s Archaeologist: To Be Determined

*Note: Other personnel may participate in this project, as necessary.

7-1

7.0 REPORT AND DELIVERABLES

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A draft archaeological monitoring report summarizing the results of the work will be prepared after completion of archaeological monitoring. The report will include representative photographs, description of monitoring tasks, monitoring results, and survey maps. No additional background research will be undertaken for the completion of this report. The report will contain recommendations regarding the treatment of recovered human remains, such as reinterment. The report will clearly outline the due diligence effort taken to identify, record, and carefully remove human remains, if present, from the project site or to document the absence of human remains, as well as structural remains associated with the nineteenth-century buildings.

In addition, any archaeological sites identified during monitoring will be registered with the PA SHPO. Receipt of Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission site numbers and artifact catalog numbers may be required. Processing and cataloging of recovered uncontaminated artifacts from intact contexts/features identified during archaeological monitoring will be undertaken. An artifact inventory will be prepared. No osteological catalogs or analysis will be included with the report; however, scanned copies of field-prepared human remains burial forms will be included in a report appendix for each individual burial, disarticulated human remain clusters, or isolated remains identified. Based on the field forms, a list of grave goods will be converted into an inventory in a report appendix. Uncontaminated artifacts associated with significant archaeological resources will be prepared for curation to meet 36 CFR Part 79 guidelines. A suitable repository that meets 36 CFR Part 79 guidelines will be chosen to house the significant non-burial-related artifacts following the SEPTA, FTA, and PA SHPO approval of the monitoring report. If no significant archaeological resources are identified, uncontaminated recovered artifacts will be presented to SEPTA.

The draft archaeological monitoring report will be submitted for review within 90 to 120 days after the completion of monitoring fieldwork. Report graphics will show excavation stratigraphy and, if identified, documented cultural features and burial locations. Copies of the draft archaeological monitoring report will be submitted digitally to the FTA, SEPTA, and the PA SHPO for review. Digital copies of the report will also be submitted to those consultation parties that specify a desire to receive the report.

8-1

8.0 REFERENCES

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Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) 2019 Open Street Map. Web Map Service, http://www.esri.com/data/free-data/index.html, accessed in November 2019.

2020 World Imagery. Web Map Service, http://www.esri.com/data/free-data/index.html, accessed in November 2019.

Gannett Fleming, Inc.

2018 SEPTA 30th to K (Civil) OCS & Structures Replacement Project, March 2018. On file, Gannett

Fleming, Inc., Audubon, PA.

2020a SEPTA 30th to K (Civil) OCS & Structures Replacement Project, Civil & Structural

Improvements, June 2020. On file, Gannett Fleming, Inc., Audubon, PA.

2020b SEPTA 30th to K (Civil) OCS & Structures Replacement Project, Electric Traction,, June

2020. On file, Gannett Fleming, Inc., Audubon, PA.

2021 SEPTA 30th Street to K OCS and Structures Replacement Project, Project Description /

Purpose and Need and NEPA Class of Action, City of Philadelphia, PA. On file, Gannett Fleming, Inc., Audubon, PA.

Pennsylvania State Historic Preservation Office 2021 Guidelines for Archaeological Investigations in Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania State Historic

Preservation Office, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.

Richard Grubb & Associates, Inc.

2022 Phase IA Archaeological Survey, 30th Street to K Overhead Contact System and Structures

Replacement Project, City of Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania.

United States Geological Survey (U.S.G.S.)

2016 7.5’ Quadrangle: Philadelphia, PA.

APPENDIX A: FIGURES

App-A-2

Figure 1: U.S.G.S. map (2016 U.S.G.S. 7.5’ Quadrangle: Philadelphia, PA).

Feet

2000-

Project Location

RICHARD GRUBB & ASSOCIATES

App-A-3

Feet

700-

- Project Location

- Pennsylvania Railroad:

Main Line (Philadelphia to New York) (SHPO Opinion: 8/14/1994)

- Pennsylvania Railroad:

Station (30th Street)(Boundary Increase) (SHPO Opinion: 6/13/2005)

- Philadelphia & Columbia Railroad (SHPO Opinion: 9/28/2021)

- Pennsylvania Railroad: Main Line (Philadelphia to Harrisburg) (SHPO Opinion: 6/25/2018)

- Philadelphia & Reading Railroad (SHPO Opinion: 9/28/2021)

- West Philadelphia Elevated (High Line)

Figure 2: Aerial image showing the project location and historic properties within the Project location (NJGIS Digital Orthographic Imagery, 2022).

App-A-4

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Figure 4c

Figure 4b

Figure 4a

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Low Archaeological Sensitivity Potential for Burial/Remains Related to the Quaker Blockley (Upper) Burial Ground/Potters’ Field

Moderate to High Pre-Contact Period Archaeological Sensitivity (Monitoring Necessary)

Project Section Break Line Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

Figure 3: Key aerial map depicting the project location, areas of archaeological sensitivity, and locations of Figures 4a through 4c (World Imagery, ESRI 2022).

App-A-5

Figure 4a: Aerial map depicting Sections 1 and 2 of the project location, the Area of Potential Effects or Limit of Disturbance, areas of historic archaeological sensitivity, and location of potential for burials/ remains related to the Quaker Blockley (Upper) Burying Ground/Potters’ Field (World Imagery, ESRI 2022).

34TH

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Existing Catenary Structure To Be Removed Stormwater Improvements

Proposed Catenary Structures to be Added Proposed Tracks Duct Bank

Slope Stabilization Proposed Modified Electrical Cables Proposed Modified Pullbox

Timber Retaining Wall Replacements Guy Wire Caisson

APE (LOD)Project Location Moderate to High Historic Archaeological Sensitivity (Monitoring Necessary) Low Archaeological Sensitivity

Potential for Burial/Remains Related to the Quaker Blockley (Upper) Burial Ground/Potters’ Field

Moderate to High Pre-Contact Period Archaeological Sensitivity (Monitoring Necessary)

App-A-6

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SEDGLEY

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Matchline 1.3a

Se ct io n

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Feet

Project Location Moderate to High Historic Archaeological Sensitivity (Monitoring Necessary)

Existing Catenary Structure To Be Removed Stormwater Improvements

Proposed Catenary Structures to be Added Proposed Tracks Duct Bank

Slope Stabilization Proposed Modified Electrical Cables Proposed Modified Pullbox

Timber Retaining Wall Replacements Guy Wire Caisson

APE (LOD)

Low Archaeological Sensitivity

Potential for Burial/Remains Related to the Quaker Blockley (Upper) Burial Ground/Potters’ Field

Moderate to High Pre-Contact Period Archaeological Sensitivity (Monitoring Necessary)

Figure 4b: Aerial map depicting Sections 1 and 2 of the project location, the Area of Potential Effects or Limit of Disturbance, areas of historic archaeological sensitivity, and location of potential for burials/remains related to the Quaker Blockley (Upper) Burying Ground/Potters’ Field

App-A-7

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37TH

SCHUYLKILL

CHESTNUT

BARING

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WA

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SEDGLEY

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