Appendix_M-_LEED_for_HOMES.pdf

USCG COLUMBIA RIVER

LEED FOR HOMES PROGRAM REVIEW

AND ECOCHARRETTE REPORT

PREPARED BY

USCG Columbia River LEED for Homes Report Prepared September 25, 2010

INTRODUCTION

The Unites States Coast Guard (USCG) Columbia River is in the early planning stages of a new housing development on a wooded site adjacent to current housing. The project hopes to include a total of 25 units with a mix of single family homes and duplexes. LEED for Homes is a mandate for the project, with LEED for Neighborhood Development a design development priority.

A project team kick off was held on the afternoon of September 7th. This was followed up by a LEED for Homes Program Review and Sustainable Goals brainstorming session on September 8th. The workshop agenda is provided in Attachment 1 and the list of attendees can be found in Attachment 2.

This report:

1. Provides an overview of the LEED for Homes Program

2. Summarizes the USCG and Project Team’s vision and sustainable design goals.

3. Summarizes the results of sustainable strategies brainstorming sessions.

4. Identifies key considerations to help meet sustainability goals and LEED for Homes Certification.

1. LEED FOR HOMES PROGRAM REVIEW

The morning session began with a discussion on the importance of an integrated project team. This is key to better performance, with all stakeholders at the table, focused on creating a sustainable site and high performing homes. Tapping the knowledge base of the team on climate factors, current conditions, home owner concerns and past problems can lead to a more collaborative and improved outcome.

As the project is in early schematic design phase, the focus is on site, neighborhood and community. One of the LEED Rating Systems, LEED ND (Neighborhood Development) can provide some guidance here whether or not the project pursues that certification.

(http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=148)

- Historical setting, Lewis & Clarke.

- Proximity to the wilderness.

- Seaside setting.

- A working river, shipping traffic.

- Small town family life, community.

- Slow pace, great people, quality of life.

- A nice “place to start.”

Ecocharrette participants then reviewed what they most loved about Astoria, listed adjacently. A common element of community and small town life emerged.

Next, Alistair Jackson provided an overview of the LEED Homes Program in the context of the current residential construction marketplace. There is an increasing emphasis on green construction in our country, with an estimated 30% of new construction starts identified as “Green.” The USGBC (United States Green Building Council) responded to the needs of residential builders and created a Rating System that is more user friendly and pushes performance. While LEED for Homes requires work during the design phase like LEED NC (New Construction, for commercial buildings), it also requires on site inspections, is geared specifically to residential housing and has a different approach to credits. There is a brand promise with a LEED for Homes certification, with mandatory Prerequisites guaranteeing that a home will have specific items.

Prepared by O’Brien & Company 2 http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=148

There are four levels of certification: Certified, Silver, Gold and Platinum. The point threshold needed for each of these levels is driven by home size, with larger homes requiring more points for each level. Larger homes use more energy, require a larger amount of materials and have a larger carbon footprint than smaller homes.

LEED Homes are rated by regional LEED for Homes Providers -selected by the USGBC (United States Green Building Council) for their expertise in supporting builders in the construction of high performance, sustainable homes in their market.

There are two roles in the Rating of a home: 1) The LEED for Homes Provider that oversees the project, provides Quality Assurance, and is the liaison with the USGBC; 2) The Green Rater who provides project team support, energy rating, in the field verification, and documentation review.

There are two primary teams required to complete a LEED Home:

the Project Team and the Verification Team. There is a clear separation in the responsibilities between these teams in order to maintain a rigorous Third Party Verification.

The Rating System has a point distribution spread between the following categories:

• Innovation & Design: 11 points. Emphasis on an Integrated Project Team, Durability Planning and Innovative or Regional Design points.

• Location & Linkages: 10 points. Determined by project location, access to open space, community resources and transit options.

• Sustainable Sites: 22 points. Emphasis on Erosion and Sedimentation Control, Landscape Design and Drought Tolerant plants, permeable hardscapes, and compact development.

• Water Efficiency: 15 points. Rewards rainwater collection, reduced landscape irrigation, high performance interior plumbing fixtures.

• Energy & Atmosphere: 38 points. Rewards high performance envelopes and reduced air infiltration, HVAC efficiency, Energy Star appliances, and improved lighting.

• Materials & Resources: 16 points. Emphasis on Construction Waste Management, framing efficiencies and environmentally preferable green materials.

• Indoor Environmental Quality: 21 points. Emphasis on meeting ASHRAE 62.2 Standard, ventilation, local exhaust, reducing garage pollutants in home.

• Awareness & Education. 3 points. Provide a map to run the home, requires homeowner education.

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There are 18 Prerequisites within these categories that are mandatory. There is an emphasis on Durability in the program, requiring the design and construction team to put together a plan for building durability, and carry out self inspection during construction. The first task is to identify the threats for these buildings in this climate and region. The USCG team identified wind, soil erosion, moisture and wood eroding insects as the major threats. Solutions to these threats are then addressed in the design documents. The builder has a checklist of all the Durability solutions, completes this checklist throughout construction and turns this document into the Green Rater at the end of the project.

Required inspections include a predrywall site visit, to verify insulation installation and alignment of the air and thermal barrier. The next mandatory site visit is a final inspection with blower door testing to verify envelope leakage, duct leakage for homes with forced air heat, and a refrigerant charge test if applicable. Additionally, if the builder is new to the LEED Homes Program, O’Brien & Company requires a foundation, framing and air sealing inspection prior to insulation. This is based on experience with first time builders and the infiltration requirements.

Next, the required Wet Room Measures were reviewed, as these can be a design change for projects. All the measures are based on increased building durability. Measures include: non-paper faced backerboard used in all tub, shower and spa areas; water resistant flooring in the kitchen, bathroom, laundry rooms, and spa areas;

water-resistant flooring within 3 feet of all exterior doors; drain and drain pan installed for any tank water heaters in or over living spaces; drain and drain pan OR single-throw supply valve installed for any clothes washers in or over living spaces; conventional clothes dryer exhausted directly to outdoors; and condensing clothes dryer has drain and drain pan. An additional Prerequisite requires no air handling equipment or ducts in the garage.

One of the Lessons Learned from the LEED for Homes Pilot is that the Rating System should work for the project, and opportunities for valuable improvements in site development, building efficiency, indoor air quality and construction waste management should drive design and construction decisions, not credits or point totals. Good quality construction is likely to get to the Certified threshold level with some design changes required to meet the Prerequisites. For multifamily construction, projects have had a sharp learning curve with respect to party walls, which need to be treated as an exterior wall and receive excellent air sealing. This will decrease noise and odor transfer, impact air sealing methods and increase occupant comfort.

LEED Homes will have an updated Rating System for 2012, which will likely be applicable for this project. Future project design should be preceded by a review of the new Rating System Requirements.

2. PROJECT VISION AND SUSTAINABLE DESIGN GOALS

The participants then discussed the USCG goals and vision for this project. The CG has a goal and mandate of LEED for Homes Silver Certification. Pursuing a higher level of certification would typically mean more up front costs for higher performance equipment and materials. The money for housing is partitioned, so it is difficult to invest first cost in quality, durability and performance when the investment can’t be recovered from Operations and Maintainance. In terms of the capacity of bidding contractors to meet LEED for Homes requirements, there are eight prequalified contractors at any one time to choose from. There was also a discussion on using regional design and construction teams, the benefit to the local economy and the concept of low bid versus best value contractor. This last item raised concerns from several members of the team about the likelihood of a low bidder being able to deliver the desired construction quality and to cost effectively integrate LEED requirements into their process.

A clearly stated goal of the team is affordable housing for families on a working wage, with the priority of a “nice place to live.” There is a desire for a community center, playground and childcare facility to be incorporated

Prepared by O’Brien & Company 4 into the master plan. A master plan that can maximize future development while maintaining some wilderness component and connection to the community was also felt to be important. Presently there is no clear delineation between the military housing and the community housing, and there are some problems with speeding due to street layout. Another goal would be integration of some traffic calming measures into the master plan, while maintaining community connectivity. Another method to help inform a building program would be to conduct an occupant survey in current housing to find out concerns and ideas for the next housing phase.

Another stated goal is preservation and sensitive development of the site, which is situated on a wooded hill with landslide potential.

The USCG would like to maximize the site for future development, so a master plan will be necessary. Establishing measurable goals will be vital. The project team will need to incorporate hard performance measures into the Request for Proposals (RFP), so the goals fo the design-build team are clear and non-negotiable. Stormwater management is another r lear priority.

nd volving c rsion that are changed out periodically. A stated priority is keeping stored materials dry during construction.

re a life cycle cost analysis of systems and materials to help frame decision making was also discussed as a goal.

or. The s to d eir for

Homes process, so this will assist with the stated goals.

An important sustainable goal of the project team is durability for the homes, both the interior a the exterior. With annual precipitation over 6 inches and frequent high winds, the weather drives multiple exterior durability challenges. A long heating season with likely high interior humidity and re occupants drive many of the interior durability issues. The question of an appropriate goal and metric for durability was discussed. A minimum of a 30 year service life for the buildings is desired. An alternate ve was a durable shell that lasts much longer than 30 years, with interior components

Energy efficiency and reduced carbon footprint were also discussed as goals. The team agreed to set a design goal of making the new homes 55% more efficient than the existing homes. This can be interpreted mo clearly later in the design process. One current energy efficiency strategy has been to change out most of the bulbs from incandescent to compact fluorescents (CFLs). The USCG would like to continue pursuing smart, practical, easily maintained energy efficient solutions, with replacement costs considered up front. Conducting

Currently there is a disconnect between the desire of the USCG for energy efficiency and occupant behavi absence of utility metering and the resulting lack of accountability of occupants for their resource consumption means the incentives for investing in energy efficiency are not fully aligned. There are multiple behavior modification avenues to pursue including individual metering, “dashboard” monitor allow real time assessment of energy use in the home, an communication of housing wide consumption rates so all occupants understand where they line up in comparison to th neighbors. Any real time consumption device for energy or water will enlighten occupants and may drive behavior change Occupant education is also a mandatory part of the LEED

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Open concept living areas on the first floor were explored as an aesthetic and sustainable goal. Open floor plans allow for more flexibility for occupants, and can also reduce material usage as there are less interior walls.

Open floor plans also facilitate daylighting and cross ventilation providing both energy conservation potential and enhanced occupant comfort. The design team has had good experience with solar tubes for adding natural light, but the USCG expressed concerns about leaking through the roof and maintenance; adding monitors or clerestories to vertical glazing might be a design alternative. While there is no current plan to sell the homes, the USCG does place a priority on making their homes marketable for any future sale. Architectural design that responds to the local climate and community, while being durable and easy to maintain were a stated priority.

3. SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES

After identifying the sustainability goals for the USCG Columbia River, O’Brien & Company facilitated a brainstorming session in each of the following four categories: Site and Water (issues outside of the building as well as site water use and hydrologic flows); Envelope; Systems (primarily mechanical system issues inside the building); and Materials/Finishes/Indoor Air Quality.

SITE & WATER

We began this discussion with a review of the Design Parameters: a heating dominated climate with very low cooling loads; annual precipitation over 60 inches; periodic high velocity winds; a steep wooded site with unstable slopes, old growth trees and adjacent public trails. There will be an important focus on all water management, and most especially stormwater management for this project and site. The city of Astoria is already in construction on a federally mandated combined sewer overflow project with a 1.2 million gallon underground concrete storage tank. This in order to stay in compliance with the Clean Water Act and keep overflow out of Young’s Bay. There are also Erosion and Sedimentation Control (ESC) measures required for LEED for Homes certification and the project team can anticipate that by the time of permitting there are likely to be more local guidelines and restrictions. Forward thinking and planning will be necessary for the design to respond appropriately to the site and its limitations.

Low impact development is modeled after nature, with a goal of maintaining or restoring the natural movement of water within an ecosystem or watershed. Successful low impact development begins with a clear understanding of the hydrological assets and challenges of the site, a design that takes best advantage of the assets, then successful management or mitigation of the challenges through careful layout and innovative planning.

There are well documented stormwater management strategies in practice including:

• Reduction of hardscape, reinforced gravel and grass systems, pervious paving.

• Amendment of disturbed soils.

• Vegetated roofs.

• Stacked housing to reduce roof sizing.

• Low-impact foundations. Pin Foundations, Diamond Piers, Chance Helical

Pier and Soil Screws are all examples of minimal excavation foundation systems.

• Rainwater harvesting with underground cisterns for indoor and outdoor water use.

• Bioretention with vegetated swales and raingardens.

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• Retention of on site trees to intercept precipitation in the foliage, convey water to the atmosphere through transpiration and stabilize soil structure through root system which increases water absorption.

• Maintenance of open space through house clustering.

• Appropriate circulation layout to reduce paved surfaces and hardscape.

Other considerations to be explored as part of early design include the City of Astoria’s Urban Trails that run adjacent and through the site. Currently it is understood that the trails can be built upon, but not fenced. The USCG has concerns about foot traffic on the trails, and will need to work with the city to find a scheme that is collaborative and serves both the community and the USCG. The importance of smart utility siting as part of the master plan was also discussed as a goal.

There was much discussion on defining a master site plan, with a need for a reassessment since the last investigation of the site. Areas already cleared by nature should clearly be considered for development. Further aerial assessment for topography to define and drive the development was discussed. Depending on the exact timeline for the project, a geotechnical assessment to help with the critical slopes and soils issues should be done soon or whenever the project has been green lighted. An exploration of possible regulatory issues, existing wetlands, and slope and cut/fill requirements of local code will need to be done also. There is a wetlands delineation being done presently by Acadia. The project team does not want the burden put on the design/build contractor, but would prefer clear definitions and solutions of site issues presented to the design/builder as part of the contract.

The group discussed using smaller footprint buildings to work better with the topography, with duplexes or triplexes built into the hillsides. While rainwater harvesting is not a stated priority, it may be part of the solution for stormwater management. As there is little turf irrigation due to the abundant rainfall, much of the collected rainwater would need to be used interiorly.

There is a stated desire for garages, along with streets that accommodate parking on both sides and two lanes for cars to pass. Unfortunately this is incongruous with another stated goal of decreasing speeding through the neighborhoods. Incorporating traffic calming design features and strategies into the master plan, while still promoting walkability and connection to the community will be a priority. Another concern is ease of maintenance of the buildings, with a goal of thoughtful design that examines gutter access and roof repair when considering building heights.

ENVELOPE

At the kick off meeting there was much discussion on the current housing problems including: vinyl siding that continues to deteriorate and supports algae; concern over the vapor barrier and ventilation of the homes as mold has been found in attics, crawl spaces and on the underside of the roof deck; and a ventilated attic approach of soffit and gable end vents that is not working.

e or c

• Reduce the Heating Load: Reducing the heating load for the buildings is one of the most cost effective energy efficiency strategies. Investing up front in high quality windows, higher R-value insulation for wall and attic and using intermediat advanced framing will all reduce the load.

Incorporating a raised heel truss to improve full atti insulation levels and minimize heat loss through

Prepared by O’Brien & Company 7 perimeter second floor ceilings is also a cost effective and occupant comfort solution. Providing a therm break with a layer of exterior rigid insulation will reduce heat loss through the building assembly. Please see the al attachment on the Building America High R-Walls Case Study.

r ceiling.

• Moisture Management: Establishing a well thought out drainage plane from the roof to the ground, incorporating large overhangs, and consideration of a rainscreen should be a design development priority. The rainscreen can also assist in the ventilation of the wall assembly and in allowing the assembly to dry after wind driven rain penetration. The USCG is interested in Hardi-Plank as one possible siding option rather than vinyl.

• Roof Ventilation: Alternatives to the current plan were reviewed. Changing to a soffit and ridge vent was discussed. An unventilated attic approach using Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) or rigid insulation is another good option. This approach allows for more attic storage potential, and less air sealing dilemmas in the second floo

• Need Good Detailing: The team discussed the importance of good detailing in the construction documents to show how different materials and surfaces interact and meet in the building assembly.

Building the chosen details into the Specifications will be important to make sure the design-build team is aware of the scope.

SYSTEMS

• Mechanical Efficiency: Current housing is using forced air gas furnaces, though it does not appear there is a fresh air ventilation component. Possible goals for this system included ensuring the ducts are tight and well sealed; bringing all the ducts inside conditioned space; using higher performance air filtration such as a 4” media filter that only needs to be changed every 4-6 months; and using a 2 stage electronically controlled motor (ECM) for variable fan control. There was extensive discussion regarding possible heating system alternatives and how they might influence ventilation choices. There is a passive heat recovery unit that attaches to the side of the furnace, the project engineer would need to adjust the system to provide fresh air when the fan is not running. An alternative system would be a condensing boiler for hot water heating and in-floor radiant heat. This would make for a tidy compact system and may be less expensive. The disadvantage to this system would be the difficulty in achieving a quick temperature change in the home and the need for a separate ventilation system. Heat pumps were also discussed, and research would be needed to find models suitable for this climate. There was also a discussion on a community system for hot water, methods to eliminate individual storage, and individual metering. There are multiple avenues for the project team to pursue.

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• Ventilation: LEED for Homes requires the ASHRAE

62.2 Standard. Given the current problems with interior

mold, proper ventilation for the new homes will need to be a priority. In a heating dominated climate, it is preferable to use a Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV) or Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) to allow plenty of fresh air with a minimal energy penalty. This system works by warming the incoming air with the exhaust ai without contamination between the two. These systems can be used independently with their own ducting system, or a passive unit can be incorporated into a forced air furnace system. Another alternative would be exhaust only ventilation, with a quiet whole house fan running continuously to decrease indoor air pollutants. There would be a need for make u with this type of ventilation system, either through a fresh air intake in the fu r p air rnace, trickle vents in the windows, or through the wall vent.

d.

ing so the top of the windows are above 7’ 6” for more light penetration into the rooms is advisable.

consumption compares to others in their community, and real time monitoring can both impact behavior.

MATERIALS,FINISHES & IEQ

• Lighting: Establishing a Lighting Density Target of 0.8w/sf target for energy consumption was discusse A high quality lighting design that avoids an institutional look while striving for energy efficiency within a stated budget will be a priority. For a well integrated lighting design, combine natural daylighting with well thought out lighting fixture placement. Also, designing the glaz

• Occupant Education: Individual metering for electric, water and gas will assist in educating occupants concerning their energy consumption. Research indicates that showing an individual how their energy

• Durability of Materials: This is an important issue for the USCG. Previous problems with algae coated vinyl siding and rotting decorative architectural detailing exteriorly should inform current design. Proper storage of materials during construction is a stated priority. The team discussed using steel framing, but there are multiple issues involved. First, steel transfers heat at a rate that is 40x that of wood. There will also be wind driven rain and rusting. A layer of exterior rigid foam should strongly be considered with framing system for both a thermal break and rain shield. Alternatives to asphalt were considered as metal is longer lasting. Metal roofing also makes fo this r a better collection surface for rainwater collection with minimal contaminants compared to asphalt.

inimal orating a bench and shoe storage at the main entry is also a part of a sustainable design for the homes.

• Environmentally Preferable Products: Many standard interior finishes have an environmentally preferable alternative at a similar price point. Establishing goals of no added urea-formaldehyde, m carpeting and hardwood or resilient flooring to improve indoor air quality would be advisable. It is estimated that over 75% in indoor air contaminants are brought into the home on shoes, so incorp

4. LEED FOR HOMES CERTIFICATION - KEY CONSIDERATIONS

This project can pursue certification using the LEED for Homes Rating System which can be downloaded at http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=147. The LEED for Homes Rating System and associated Errata Documents can be downloaded at http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=147#2008. As this project is unlikely to be constructed for several years, the new LEED Homes 2012 Rating System will be in

Prepared by O’Brien & Company 9 http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=147 effect and should be included in the design planning. Future project design should be preceded by a rev the new Rating System Requirements.

iew of

A provisional analysis of the proposed project against the LEED for Homes Rating System, based on

In order to meet the Project Team’s stated goal of LEED for Homes Silver Certification, several key decisions will s on the value of certain credits, rather than point allocation, will result in a better er with a LEED Homes AP will earn the project one point.

l half or full day charrette to focus in on LEED Homes Prerequisites and desired credits es endations, as this category is largely established by the project site and its connection to the nstraints of soil conditions

• Civil to establish how much stormwater runoff could be handled by the addition of bioswales, raingardens.

a Low Impact Development standard to help guide sustainable development.

• Pursue drought tolerant plant selections and raingardens around the homes.

will need to be established.

• Specify the indoor plumbing fixtures to LEED for Homes high efficiency standards: lavatory faucets <

Ecocharrette discussions, suggested that the project could achieve a LEED for Homes Certified to Silver certification with some design, materials and landscaping changes.

need to be made. A focu outcome. O’Brien & Company has the following key items to consider, by LEED for Homes category:

Innovation and Design

• Any Project Team memb

• Hold an additiona and earn ID 1.4.

Location and Linkag

• No recomm community.

Sustainable Sites

• Decrease the amount of turf, and use a native, drought tolerant turf seed mix

• Decrease the amount hardscape in favor of permeable softscape, within the co

Work with

Water Efficiency

• Explore the cost of rainwater harvesting for individual homes to reduce stormwater runoff and the use of potable water for irrigation and toilet flushing. Implications in terms of roof material (metal better than asphalt for less impurities), roof collection size and cistern sizing

1.5 minute) or EPA Water Sense certified and labeled; showerheads <gpm (gallons per 1.75 gpm per stall;

toilets < 1.1 gpf (gallons per flush ) e.g. dual flush of 1.6/0.8 gpf.

Energy & Atmosphere

• n be es without cooling. Allows the project to garner credit for envelope al system chosen, investment in the highest efficiency that if affordable to the s affordable with an ECM. Explore the ls and

First, LEED for Homes requires that a cooling load be established for homes without cooling. This ca done with REMRate energy modeling software, or perhaps another modeling software.

Two pathways through the EA section: 1) Performance Pathway with Energy Modeling with REMRate software required for hom improvements and mechanical efficiencies 2) Prescriptive Pathway allowed for homes with air conditioning. This pathway allows the project to garner points through the various prescriptive measures outlined in the checklist.

• Whatever the final mechanic project. As the current housing is currently using Gas fired force air heat, there is no compelling reason to change. We recommend the highest efficiency furnace that i addition of a passive HRV.

• Upgrade the efficiency of the water heater; design a central core for all plumbing that limits the run length for domestic hot water lines; consider loop system installation.

• Upgrade the envelope, and seriously consider exterior rigid foam insulation for a full thermal break.

Design for Raised heel trusses, intermediate to advanced framing, upgraded insulation levels in wal

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Prepared by O’Brien & Company 11 ceilings, improved window performance, exterior rigid insulation for foundation stem walls. Establish air sealing as part of construction scope with a separate air sealing page in the drawings, contractual enetrations appropriately. Pursue a test unit:

rywalled at rough in to discern the problematic air sealing areas.

ces, exhaust fans, ceiling fans.

lly Preferred Products section. These ns.

• Devote up front time for a plan to reduce Construction Waste. Pre-cut framing packages, panelized wall reas can all contribute to reduced waste. Establishing a sustainable job site is st in heading off the weather ues. Meticulous air sealing between attaches garages and the conditioned space will be necessary, and will require detailed inclusion in the design documents.

• As part of the Prerequisite for Homeowner’s Operation and Maintenance Manual, involve stakeholders, e USCG occupants, in the production of the document. Involving the base community in the process will help participation.

obligation for all subcontractors to size and seal all p perform an early blower door test and infrared camera testing with the lid d

• Energy Star applian Pre-plumb for solar hot water, conduit for future PV for south facing roofs.

Materials and Resources

• Design for material efficient framing including intermediate to advanced framing, precut framing packages, ladder blocking, headers sized to load.

• Devote up front time to the requirements for Environmenta requirements can be inserted into the Specifications, with submittals reviewed for adherence. Strive for No Added Urea Formaldehyde in any interior component. Can use exterior grade plywood (phenol formaldehyde is stable when wet) in interior applicatio sections, central cutting a better for workers and for the integrity of the homes.

Indoor Environmental Quality

• Remember that ASHRAE 62.2 is the ventilation standard for LEED for Homes. Give ventilation a priority both in terms of planning and budget. Proper balanced ventilation will assi related durability iss

Awareness & Education th

NEXT STEPS

Establishment of the timeframe for construction will help determine next steps. Tetra Tech will review current make recommendations. The USCG will investigate the trail situation with the City of development regulations.

topographical studies and Astoria, along with any

ATTACHMENTS

1. Workshop Agenda

2. Workshop Attendees

3. LEED for Homes Preliminary Checklist

4. Resources Section

ATTACHMENT 1: WORKSHOP AGENDA

8:00 Objectives for Today's session Alistair Jackson O'Brien & Co

8:05 Intro to LEED for Homes

8:30 Goals and Priorities of the Project

8:50 Sustainable Strategies - Site & Water

9:30 Sustainable Strategies - Envelope

10:15 Sustainable Strategies - Systems

11:00 Sustainable Strategies - Materials / Finishes / IEQ

11:20 Wrap Up Sustainable Strategies Session

Next Steps

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ATTACHMENT 2: W ORKSHOP ATTENDEES

Rowland Smith FDCC DS Rowland.a.smith@uscg.mil Brian Addicott USCG brian.d.addicott@uscg.mil John Anderson USCG john.m.anderson2@uscg.mil Nathan Coulter USCG Sec Nathan.c.coulter@uscg.mil Charles Anderson USCG Charles.w.anderson@uscg.mil Jeff Hayes USCG Jeffrey.s.hayes@uscg.mil Brett VerHulst USCG brett.l.verhulst@uscg.mil Donny Lee USCG Housing Sector donny.a.lee@uscg.mil Gary Greene USCG D13(dms) gary.f.greene@uscg.mil

Peg Manuel Tetra Tech peg.manuel@tetratech.com Beverly Garrett Tetra Tech Beverly.garrett@tetratech.com Sarah O’Neill-Kew Tetra Tech sarah.oneillkew@tetratech.com Melissa Bullis Tetra Tech Melissa.bullis@tetratech.com Greg Vail Sparling gvail@sparling.com Mike Lehner Wood Harbinger mlehner@woodharbinger.com

Alistair Jackson O’Brien & Company Alistair@obrienandco.com Colleen Groll O’Brien & Company colleen@obrienandco.com

Prepared by O’Brien & Company 13 mailto:Rowland.a.smith@uscg.mil mailto:brian.d.addicott@uscg.mil mailto:john.m.anderson2@uscg.mil mailto:Nathan.c.coulter@uscg.mil mailto:Charles.w.anderson@uscg.mil mailto:Jeffrey.s.hayes@uscg.mil mailto:brett.l.verhulst@uscg.mil mailto:donny.a.lee@uscg.mil mailto:gary.f.greene@uscg.mil mailto:peg.manuel@tetratech.com mailto:Beverly.garrett@tetratech.com mailto:sarah.oneillkew@tetratech.com mailto:Melissa.bullis@tetratech.com mailto:gvail@sparling.com mailto:mlehner@woodharbinger.com mailto:Alistair@obrienandco.com mailto:colleen@obrienandco.com

ATTACHMENT 3: LEED HOMES PRELIMINARY CHECKLIST

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This Energy & Atmosphere Section is open to projects with cooling capability. If there is no cooling, the project must use the Performance pathway and Energy Modeling that produces a HERS Index (O’Brien uses REMRate software for this task). Please see the EA section above for that pathway.

FAMILY HOUSING Ph IV SFRL: 5067015

ASTORIA, OREGON

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LEED for Homes Points

Number of Bedrooms Target Score: 62 for Silver 3 Certified 47

Silver 62 Gold 77

Platinum 92

64.0 3.5 136 Project Score

Yes Maybe Possible Points Credits Clarifications Status / Notes Responsibility

3 11

Y ID p1.1 Integrated Project Planning:

Preliminary Rating. As early as practical, conduct a preliminary LEED for Homes meeting, with the participation of the Provider and key members of the project team. As part of the meeting, create an action plan that identifies the following:

- The targeted LEED award level (Certified, Silver, Gold, or Platinum).

- The LEED for Homes credits that have been selected to meet the targeted award level.

- The party accountable for meeting the LEED for Homes requirements for each selected credit.

To be included in Design/Build scope Provider

1 1 ID c1.2

Integrated Project Team (1 point). Assemble and involve a project team to meet the three criteria below:

a) Include team members, in addition to the builder and Green Rater, whose capabilities include at least three of the following skill sets:

architecture or residential building design; mechanical or energy engineering; building science or performance testing; green building or sustainable design; and civil engineering, landscape architecture, habitat restoration, or land-use planning.

b) Actively involve all team members referenced above in at least three of the following phases of the home design and construction process: conceptual or schematic design; LEED planning; preliminary design; energy and envelope systems analysis or design; design development; final design, working drawings or specifications; and construction.

c) Conduct meetings with the project team at least monthly to review project status, introduce new team members to project goals, discuss problems encountered, formulate solutions, review responsibilities and identify next steps.

Integrated Project Team

To be included in Design/Build scope LEED Liaison

1 1 ID c1.3

Professional Credentialed with Respect to LEED for Homes (1 point). At least one principal member of the project team shall be a professional who is credentialed with respect to LEED for Homes as determined by the U.S. Green Building Council.

1) the individual with the credential must be a principal member of the project team, and not a member of the verification team; 2) the individual with the credential must play an ongoing role on the project team, including participation in meetings, etc.; 3) the credential must be earned and verified by the Green Rater prior to the project's preliminary rating; 4) there are currently no credentials or levels of experience that are considered equivalent to LEED AP Homes, but there may be considerations in the future.

Mandate a member of the DB team be a LEED Homes AP.

LEED Liaison

1 1 ID c1.4 Design Charrette (1 point). No later than the design development phase and preferably during schematic design, conduct at least one full-day integrated design workshop with the project team defined in ID 1.2. Use the workshop to integrate green strategies across all aspects of the building design, drawing on the expertise of all participants.

To be included in Design/Build scope LEED Liaison

Y ID p2.1 Durability Management Planning:

Durability Planning. Prior to construction, the project team shall do the following:

a) Complete the Durability Risk Evaluation Form to identify all moderate- and high-risk durability issues for the building enclosure.

b) Develop specific measures to respond to those issues.

c) Identify and incorporate all the applicable indoor moisture control measures listed in Table 1:

- Tub, showers, and spa areas - Use nonpaper-faced backerboard on walls

- Kitchen, bathroom, laundry, and spa areas - Use water-resistant flooring; do not install carpet

- Entryway (within 3ft of exterior doors) - Use water-resistant flooring; do not install carpet

- Tank water heater in or over living space - Install drain and drain pan

- Clothes washer in or over living space - Install drain and drain pan, or install accessible throw valve

- Conventional clothes dryer - Exhaust directly to outdoors

- Condensing clothes dryer - Install drain and drain pan

d) Incorporate the measures from 2.1(b) and (c), above, into project documents (drawings, specifications, and/or scopes of work, as appropriate).

e) List all the durability measures and indicate their locations in the project documents in a durability inspection checklist. Include the checklist in project documents for use in verification.

Clarifications:

- For part (c), the use of paper-faced backerboard that meets ASTM mold-resistant standards is acceptable for exposed walls and behind fiberglass surrounds. It is not acceptable for use behind tile. Alternatively, this part can be satisfied by installing paperfaced backer board covered by a membrane that meets ANSI A118.10 and ASTM 96?

- For part (c), nonpaper-faced backer board is not required on ceilings or bathroom walls not near the tub, shower, or spa. (ID 02-16)

- The clothes washer requirement ("install drain and drain pan") can be satisfied with a moisture sensor to detect leaks and an automated mechanism to control the flow of water. It is only acceptable if the mechanism is designed so the default setting is "off" -water is only allowed to flow when the system does not detect a leak and there is power. The moisture sensor must be located in a pan underneath the washing machine in such a way that the system will shut off if there is a leak. (ID 02-11)

General Contractor with support from

Architect

Y ID p2.2 Durability Management. During construction, the builder shall have a quality management process in place to ensure installation of the durability measures. This prerequisite can be satisfied by having the builder inspect and check off each measure in the durability inspection checklist created for 2.1 (e), above.

General Contractor

3 1 10

Innovation & Design Process (ID) (Minimum of 0 ID Points Required)

LEED for Homes 2.0

Location & Linkages (LL) (Minimum of 0 LL Points Required)

Project Name: USCG Astoria Housing

Prepared by O'Brien Company, Inc. 1

Yes Maybe Possible Points Credits Clarifications Status / Notes Responsibility

1 1 LL c3.1 Preferred Locations:

Edge Development (1 point). Select a lot such that at least 25% of the perimeter immediately borders previously developed land. In the case of a multihome new development, each home in the development is awarded this point if at least 25% of the development site immediately borders previously developed land.

Clarifications:

- Where the term “borders previously developed land” is used, the land itself must be developed. Being located adjacent to a lot with development located on it is not sufficient unless the development is immediately adjacent to the LEED project.

- Where the term “borders previously developed land” is used, the adjacent land must have development that is at least 5 years old.

- If the home is located in a new development, then the term “development site” includes all of the new home sites in that new development, not just the one building site that is to be certified.

- If a project borders a body of water, this border should not be included in the calculation – i.e. it should not be a credit or penalty.

- If a project borders a park or is a corner lot, the adjacent park or roadway shall be treated as non-existent (i.e., assessment is to be based on the land on the other side of the park, or the land on the other side of one of the roadways).

- LL 3.3 may only be awarded if 75% of the total buildable land for the project was previously developed. This applies to single-family and multi-family projects. If the LEED home is built on the footprint of a previously existing structure, but this footprint comprises less than 75% of the total buildable land, LL 3.3 should not be awarded. Enforced for all projects registered after January 1, 2010. (LL 03-11)

LEED Liaison

1 1 LL c4 Infrastructure:

Existing Infrastructure (1 point). Select a lot that is within ½ mile of existing water service lines and sewer service lines. In the case of a multihome new development, each home in the development is awarded this point if the center of the development site is within ½ mile of existing water service lines and sewer service lines.

Clarification:

Having a septic system is not a substitute for being located within ½ mile of sewer service. However, a project can earn this credit even if the project is not actually connected to the existing water or sewer service, only located with ½ mile of service.

LEED Liaison

1 1 LL c5.1 Community Resources & Public Transit:

Basic Community Resources (1 point). Select a site that meets one of the following criteria:

a) Located within ¼ mile of four basic community resources (Table 2).

b) Located within ½ mile of seven basic community resources (Table 2).

c) Located within ½ mile of transit services that offer 30 or more transit rides per weekday (combined bus, rail, and ferry).

Exemplary Performance:

- Projects can earn 1 ID point if they are within ½ mile of transit services that offer 250 or more transit rides per weekday.

- Projects can earn 1 ID point if they are within ½ mile walking distance of 28 community resources. As per the Rating System, projects may not take credit for more than 2 of the same type of community resource. (LL 05-05)

Clarifications:

- If the number of transit rides varies throughout the year (e.g., the project is built in a seasonal resort or on an academic campus), the average rides per weekday should be used.

- Multiple transit stops can only be counted if they are for different transit lines. For example, a single bus that stops just north of the home, in front of the home, and just south of the home should only be counted as one stop. If the bus passes by 10 times per weekday, 10 rides should be counted, not 30.

- The distance requirements must be calculated based on possible walking distances, not “as the bird flies”. For example, if a resource is within ½ mile on a map, but requires >½ mile of walking because of highways or other obstructions, the resource should not be counted.

Requires some research to confirm distances to services and transit options

LEED Liaison

1 1 LL c6 Access to Open Space:

Access to Open Space (1 point). Select a location within ½ mile of a publicly accessible or community-based open space that is at least ¾ acre in size. The open space requirement can be met by either one large open space or two smaller spaces totaling ¾ acre.

Clarification:

The distance requirements must be calculated based on possible walking distances, not “as the bird flies”. For example, if a community-based open space is within ½ mile on a map, but requires >½ mile of walking because of highways or other obstructions, it cannot be counted.

LEED Liaison

11 22

Y SS p1.1 Site Stewardship:

Erosion Controls During Construction. Prior to construction, design and plan appropriate erosion control measures. During construction, implement these measures. Erosion control measures must include all of the following:

a) Stockpile and protect disturbed topsoil from erosion (for reuse).

b) Control the path and velocity of runoff with silt fencing or comparable measures.

c) Protect on-site storm sewer inlets, streams, and lakes with straw bales, silt fencing, silt sacks, rock filters, or comparable measures.

d) Provide swales to divert surface water from hillsides.

e) If soils in a sloped area (i.e., 25%, or 4:1 slope) are disturbed during construction, use tiers, erosion blankets, compost blankets, filter socks and berms, or some comparable approach to keep soil stabilized.

Civil Eng.

General Contractor

1 1 SS c1.2

Minimize Disturbed Area of Site (1 point). Minimize disturbance to the site by meeting the following:

Where the site is not previously developed:

a) Develop a tree or plant preservation plan with “no-disturbance” zones clearly delineated on drawings and on the lot (see Note 1 below).

b) Leave undisturbed at least 40% of the buildable lot area, not including area under roof. Only softscapes can be counted toward this credit; projects cannot receive credit for preserving preexisting hardscapes, such as driveways.

OR

Where the site is previously developed: Not applicable

OR

d) Build on site with a lot area of less than 1/7 acre, or with housing density for the project that is equal to or greater than 7 units per acre. For multifamily buildings, the average lot size shall be calculated as the total lot size divided by the number of units.

Clarification:

- In part (b), the term “buildable lot area” should be replaced with “lot area, not including area that is legally protected from disturbance.”

Setbacks from the road are generally not buildable, but should still be preserved, if possible.

- Part (a) and (b) apply only to sites that are not previously developed or “disturbed”. Undeveloped sites with substantial amounts of garbage and/or invasive weeds should be treated as previously disturbed sites.

Will require the measures for a site that is Not Previously Developed.

24 units/19.5 acres

Landscape Arch.

Y SS p2.1 Landscaping:

No Invasive Plants. Introduce no invasive plant species into the landscape.

Clarification:

This requirement applies to all vegetation, including turfgrass and vegetated groundcovers. (SS 02-55)

Use a locally relevant invasive plant list Landscape Arch.

Sustainable Sites (SS) (Minimum of 5 SS Points Required)

Prepared by O'Brien Company, Inc. 2

2 2 SS c2.2

Basic Landscape Design (2 points). Meet the following requirements for all designed landscape softscapes:

a) Any turf must be drought-tolerant.

b) Do not use turf in densely shaded areas.

c) Do not use turf in areas with a slope of 25% (i.e., 4:1 slope).

d) Add mulch or soil amendments as appropriate. Mulch is defined as a covering placed around plants to reduce erosion and water loss and to help regulate soil temperature. In addition, upon decomposition, organic mulches serve as soil amendments. The type of mulch selected can affect soil pH.

e) All compacted soil (e.g., from construction vehicles) must be tilled to at least 6 inches.”

Clarification:

- Landscaping does not have to be fully established prior to certification; if the lot is seeded and mulched, the project can earn credit as appropriate in SS 2.2-2.5.

- For projects earning credit in SS 2.5, 1 ID point may be awarded in ID 3 if the requirements of SS 2.2, parts (b), (c), and (d) are met.

- Any grass that requires routine watering, mowing, or fertilizers should be considered conventional turf for the purposes of SS 2.3. Even turf identified as drought-tolerant may qualify as “conventional” for the purposes of SS 2.3. Further guidance on differentiating grasses for LEED for Homes is forthcoming from USGBC.

- Projects with no space for landscaping may only earn points in SS 2.2-2.5, SS 3 (a), and WE 2.1-2.3 if a vegetated roof is installed and the vegetation meets the credit requirements. No points are available for SS 4.1 or 4.2. Points may be awarded for SS 4.3 if the credit requirements are satisfied.

- Projects that choose or are only able to install landscaping for 50% of the designed landscape area, points are only available on specific conditions.