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01-01-16
SECTION 09 91 00
PAINTING
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION:
A. Work of this Section includes all labor, materials, equipment, and services necessary to complete the painting and finishing as shown on the construction documents and/or specified herein, including, but not limited to, the following:
1. Painting interior concrete block exposed to view.
2. Painting gypsum drywall exposed to view.
3. Painting of any surface not specifically mentioned to be painted herein or on construction documents, but for which painting is obviously necessary to complete the job, or work which comes within the intent of these specifications, is to be included as though specified.
1.2 DELIVERY AND STORAGE:
| A. | Deliver materials to site in manufacturer's sealed container marked to show following: |
| 1. | Name of manufacturer. |
| 2. | Product type. |
| 3. | Batch number. |
| 4. | Instructions for use. |
| 5. | Safety precautions. |
| B. | Maintain space for storage, and handling of painting materials and equipment in a ventilated, neat and orderly condition to prevent spontaneous combustion from occurring or igniting adjacent items. |
| C. | Store materials at site at least 24 hours before using, at a temperature between 7 and 30 degrees C (45 and 85 degrees F). |
1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE:
A. Qualification of Painters: Use only qualified journeyman painters for the mixing and application of paint on exposed surfaces. Submit evidence that key personnel have successfully performed surface preparation and application of coating on a minimum of three (3) similar projects within the past three (3) years.
B. Paint Coordination: Provide finish coats which are compatible with the prime paints used. Review other Sections of these specifications in which prime paints are to be provided to ensure compatibility of the total coatings system for the various substrates. Upon request from other subcontractors, furnish information on the characteristics of the finish materials proposed to be used, to ensure that compatible prime coats are used. Provide barrier coats over incompatible primers or remove and re-prime as required. Notify the Contracting Officer Representative (COR) in writing of any anticipated problems using the coating systems as specified with substrates primed by others.
1.7 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS:
A. Paint materials are to conform to the restrictions of the local Environmental and Toxic Control jurisdiction.
| 1. | Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Emissions Requirements: Fieldapplied paints and coatings that are inside the waterproofing system to not exceed limits of authorities having jurisdiction. |
| 2. | Lead-Base Paint: |
| a. | Comply with Section 410 of the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act, as amended, and with implementing regulations promulgated by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. |
| b. | Regulations concerning prohibition against use of lead-based paint in federal and federally assisted construction, or rehabilitation of residential structures are set forth in Subpart F, Title 24, Code of Federal Regulations, Department of Housing and Urban Development. |
| c. | Do not use coatings having a lead content over 0.06 percent by weight of non-volatile content. |
d. For lead-paint removal, see Section 02 83 33.13, LEAD-BASED PAINT REMOVAL AND DISPOSAL.
| 3. | Asbestos: Provide materials that do not contain asbestos. |
| 4. | Chromate, Cadmium, Mercury, and Silica: Provide materials that do not contain zinc-chromate, strontium-chromate, Cadmium, mercury or mercury compounds or free crystalline silica. |
| 5. | Human Carcinogens: Provide materials that do not contain any of the ACGIH-BKLT and ACGHI-DOC confirmed or suspected human carcinogens. |
| 6. | Use high performance acrylic paints in place of alkyd paints. |
1.8 safety and health
| A. | Apply paint materials using safety methods and equipment in accordance with the following: |
| 1. | Comply with applicable Federal, State, and local laws and regulations, and with the ACCIDENT PREVENTION PLAN, including the Activity Hazard Analysis (AHA) as specified in Section 01 35 26, SAFETY REQUIREMENTS. The AHA is to include analyses of the potential impact of painting operations on painting personnel and on others involved in and adjacent to the work zone. |
B. Safety Methods Used During Paint Application: Comply with the requirements of SSPC PA Guide 10.
C. Toxic Materials: To protect personnel from overexposure to toxic materials, conform to the most stringent guidance of:
1. The applicable manufacturer’s Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) or local regulation.
2. 29 CFR 1910.1000.
3. ACHIH-BKLT and ACGHI-DOC, threshold limit values.
1.9 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS:
| A. | Publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. Publications are referenced in the text by basic designation only. |
| B. | American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): |
| ACGIH TLV-BKLT-2012 | Threshold Limit Values (TLV) for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) |
| ACGIH TLV-DOC-2012 | Documentation of Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices, (Seventh Edition) |
| C. | ASME International (ASME): |
| A13.1-07(R2013) | Scheme for the Identification of Piping Systems |
| D. | Code of Federal Regulation (CFR): |
| 40 CFR 59 | Determination of Volatile Matter Content, Water Content, Density Volume Solids, and Weight Solids of Surface Coating |
E. Commercial Item Description (CID):
| A-A-1272A | Plaster Gypsum (Spackling Compound) |
| F. | Federal Specifications (Fed Spec): |
| TT-P-1411A | Paint, Copolymer-Resin, Cementitious (For Waterproofing Concrete and Masonry Walls) (CEP) |
| G. | Master Painters Institute (MPI): |
| 1 | Aluminum Paint |
| 4 | Interior/ Exterior Latex Block Filler |
| 5 | Exterior Alkyd Wood Primer |
| 7 | Exterior Oil Wood Primer |
| 8 | Exterior Alkyd, Flat MPI Gloss Level 1 |
| 9 | Exterior Alkyd Enamel MPI Gloss Level 6 |
| 10 | Exterior Latex, Flat |
| 11 | Exterior Latex, Semi-Gloss |
| 18 | Organic Zinc Rich Primer |
| 22 | Aluminum Paint, High Heat (up to 590% - 1100F) |
| 27 | Exterior / Interior Alkyd Floor Enamel, Gloss |
| 31 | Polyurethane, Moisture Cured, Clear Gloss |
| 36 | Knot Sealer |
| 43 | Interior Satin Latex, MPI Gloss Level 4 |
| 44 | Interior Low Sheen Latex, MPI Gloss Level 2 |
| 45 | Interior Primer Sealer |
| 46 | Interior Enamel Undercoat |
| 47 | Interior Alkyd, Semi-Gloss, MPI Gloss Level 5 |
| 48 | Interior Alkyd, Gloss, MPI Gloss Level 6 |
| 50 | Interior Latex Primer Sealer |
| 51 | Interior Alkyd, Eggshell, MPI Gloss Level 3 |
| 52 | Interior Latex, MPI Gloss Level 3 |
| 53 | Interior Latex, Flat, MPI Gloss Level 1 |
| 54 | Interior Latex, Semi-Gloss, MPI Gloss Level 5 |
| 59 | Interior/Exterior Alkyd Porch & Floor Enamel, Low Gloss |
| 60 | Interior/Exterior Latex Porch & Floor Paint, Low Gloss |
| 66 | Interior Alkyd Fire Retardant, Clear Top-Coat (ULC Approved) |
| 67 | Interior Latex Fire Retardant, Top-Coat (ULC Approved) |
| 68 | Interior/ Exterior Latex Porch & Floor Paint, Gloss |
| 71 | Polyurethane, Moisture Cured, Clear, Flat |
| 77 | Epoxy Cold Cured, Gloss |
| 79 | Marine Alkyd Metal Primer |
| 90 | Interior Wood Stain, Semi-Transparent |
| 91 | Wood Filler Paste |
| 94 | Exterior Alkyd, Semi-Gloss |
| 95 | Fast Drying Metal Primer |
| 98 | High Build Epoxy Coating |
| 101 | Epoxy Anti-Corrosive Metal Primer |
| 108 | High Build Epoxy Coating, Low Gloss |
| 114 | Interior Latex, Gloss |
| 119 | Exterior Latex, High Gloss (acrylic) |
| 134 | Galvanized Water Based Primer |
| 135 | Non-Cementitious Galvanized Primer |
| 138 | Interior High Performance Latex, MPI Gloss Level 2 |
| 139 | Interior High Performance Latex, MPI Gloss Level 3 |
| 140 | Interior High Performance Latex, MPI Gloss Level 4 |
| 141 | Interior High Performance Latex (SG) MPI Gloss Level 5 |
| 163 | Exterior Water Based Semi-Gloss Light Industrial Coating, MPI Gloss Level 5 |
| G. | Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC): |
| SSPC SP 1-82(R2004) | Solvent Cleaning |
| SSPC SP 2-82(R2004) | Hand Tool Cleaning |
| SSPC SP 3-28(R2004) | Power Tool Cleaning |
| SSPC SP 10/NACE No.2 | Near-White Blast Cleaning |
| SSPC PA Guide 10 | Guide to Safety and Health Requirements |
H. Maple Flooring Manufacturer’s Association (MFMA):
I. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA):
29 CFR 1910.1000 Air Contaminants J. Underwriter’s Laboratory (UL)
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MATERIALS:
A. Conform to the coating specifications and standards referenced in PART 3. Submit manufacturer’s technical data sheets for specified coatings and solvents.
2.2 PAINT PROPERTIES:
| A. | Use ready-mixed (including colors), except two component epoxies, polyurethanes, polyesters, paints having metallic powders packaged separately and paints requiring specified additives. |
| B. | Where no requirements are given in the referenced specifications for primers, use primers with pigment and vehicle, compatible with substrate and finish coats specified. |
C. Provide undercoat paint produced by the same manufacturer as the finish coats. Use only thinners approved by the paint manufacturer, and use only to recommended limits.
D. VOC Content: For field applications that are inside the weatherproofing system, paints and coating to comply with VOC content limits of authorities having jurisdiction and the following VOC content limits:
| 1. | Flat Paints and Coatings: 50 g/L. |
| 2. | Non-flat Paints and Coatings: 150 g/L. |
| 3. | Primers, Sealers, and Undercoaters: 200 g/L. |
E. VOC test method for paints and coatings is to be in accordance with 40 CFR 59 (EPA Method 24). Part 60, Appendix A with the exempt compounds’ content determined by Method 303 (Determination of Exempt Compounds) in the South Coast Air Quality Management District’s (SCAQMD) “Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforcement Samples” manual.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 JOB CONDITIONS:
| A. | Safety: Observe required safety regulations and manufacturer's warning and instructions for storage, handling and application of painting materials. |
| 1. | Take necessary precautions to protect personnel and property from hazards due to falls, injuries, toxic fumes, fire, explosion, or other harm. |
| 2. | Deposit soiled cleaning rags and waste materials in metal containers approved for that purpose. Dispose of such items off the site at end of each day’s work. |
| B. | Atmospheric and Surface Conditions: |
| 1. | Do not apply coating when air or substrate conditions are: |
| a. | Less than 3 degrees C (5 degrees F) above dew point. |
| b. | Below 10 degrees C (50 degrees F) or over 35 degrees C (95 degrees F), unless specifically pre-approved by the COR and the product manufacturer. Under no circumstances are application conditions to exceed manufacturer recommendations. |
c. When the relative humidity exceeds 85 percent; or to damp or wet surfaces; unless otherwise permitted by the paint manufacturer’s printed instructions.
| 2. | Maintain interior temperatures until paint dries hard. |
| 3. | Apply only on clean, dry and frost free surfaces. |
3.2 inspection:
A. Examine the areas and conditions where painting and finishing are to be applied and correct any conditions detrimental to the proper and timely completion of the work. Do not proceed with the work until unsatisfactory conditions are corrected to permit proper installation of the work.
3.3 general workmanship requirements:
A. Application may be by brush or roller. Spray application only upon acceptance from the COR in writing.
B. Furnish to the COR a painting schedule indicating when the respective coats of paint for the various areas and surfaces will be completed. This schedule is to be kept current as the job progresses.
C. Protect work at all times. Protect all adjacent work and materials by suitable covering or other method during progress of work. Upon completion of the work, remove all paint spots from floors, glass and other surfaces. Remove from the premises all rubbish and accumulated materials of whatever nature not caused by others and leave work in a clean condition.
D. Remove and protect hardware, accessories, device plates, lighting fixtures, and factory finished work, and similar items, or provide in place protection. Upon completion of each space, carefully replace all removed items by workmen skilled in the trades involved.
E. When indicated to be painted, remove electrical panel box covers and doors before painting walls. Paint separately and re-install after all paint is dry.
F. Materials are to be applied under adequate illumination, evenly spread and flowed on smoothly to avoid runs, sags, holidays, brush marks, air bubbles and excessive roller stipple.
G. Apply materials with a coverage to hide substrate completely. When color, stain, dirt or undercoats show through final coat of paint, the surface is to be covered by additional coats until the paint film is of uniform finish, color, appearance and coverage, at no additional cost to the Government.
H. All coats are to be dry to manufacturer’s recommendations before applying succeeding coats.
3.4 SURFACE PREPARATION:
| A. | General: |
| 1. | The Contractor shall be held wholly responsible for the finished appearance and satisfactory completion of painting work. Properly prepare all surfaces to receive paint, which includes cleaning, sanding, and touching-up of all prime coats applied under other Sections of the work. Broom clean all spaces before painting is started. All surfaces to be painted or finished are to be completely dry, clean and smooth. |
| 2. | See other sections of specifications for specified surface conditions and prime coat. |
3. Perform preparation and cleaning procedures in strict accordance with the paint manufacturer’s instructions and as herein specified, for each particular substrate condition.
4. Clean surfaces before applying paint or surface treatments with materials and methods compatible with substrate and specified finish. Remove any residue remaining from cleaning agents used. Do not use solvents, acid, or steam on concrete and masonry. Schedule the cleaning and painting so that dust and other contaminants from the cleaning process will not fall in wet, newly painted surfaces.
5. Maximum Moisture Content of Substrates: When measured with an electronic moisture meter as follows:
a. Concrete: 12 percent.
b. Fiber-Cement Board: 12 percent.
c. Masonry (Clay and CMU’s): 12 percent.
d. Wood: 15 percent.
e. Gypsum Board: 12 percent.
f. Plaster: 12 percent.
| B. | Masonry, Concrete, Cement Board, Cement Plaster and Stucco: |
| 1. | Clean and remove dust, dirt, oil, grease efflorescence, form release agents, laitance, and other deterrents to paint adhesion. |
| 2. | Use emulsion type cleaning agents to remove oil, grease, paint and similar products. Use of solvents, acid, or steam is not permitted. |
| 3. | Remove loose mortar in masonry work. |
| 4. | Replace mortar and fill open joints, holes, cracks and depressions with new mortar. Do not fill weep holes. Finish to match adjacent surfaces. |
| F. | Gypsum Plaster and Gypsum Board: |
| 1. | Remove efflorescence, loose and chalking plaster or finishing materials. |
| 2. | Remove dust, dirt, and other deterrents to paint adhesion. |
| 3. | Fill holes, cracks, and other depressions with CID-A-A-1272A finished flush with adjacent surface, with texture to match texture of adjacent surface. Patch holes over 25 mm (1-inch) in diameter as specified in Section for plaster or gypsum board. |
3.5 PAINT PREPARATION:
| A. | Thoroughly mix painting materials to ensure uniformity of color, complete dispersion of pigment and uniform composition. |
| B. | Do not thin unless necessary for application and when finish paint is used for body and prime coats. Use materials and quantities for thinning as specified in manufacturer's printed instructions. |
| C. | Remove paint skins, then strain paint through commercial paint strainer to remove lumps and other particles. |
| D. | Mix two (2) component and two (2) part paint and those requiring additives in such a manner as to uniformly blend as specified in manufacturer's printed instructions unless specified otherwise. |
| E. | For tinting required to produce exact shades specified, use color pigment recommended by the paint manufacturer. |
3.6 APPLICATION:
| A. | Start of surface preparation or painting will be construed as acceptance of the surface as satisfactory for the application of materials. |
| B. | Unless otherwise specified, apply paint in three (3) coats; prime, body, and finish. When two (2) coats applied to prime coat are the same, first coat applied over primer is body coat and second coat is finish coat. |
| C. | Apply each coat evenly and cover substrate completely. |
| D. | Allow not less than 48 hours between application of succeeding coats, except as allowed by manufacturer's printed instructions, and approved by COR. |
| E. | Apply by brush or roller. Spray application for new or existing occupied spaces only upon approval by acceptance from COR in writing. |
| 1. | Apply painting materials specifically required by manufacturer to be applied by spraying. |
| 2. | In new construction and in existing occupied spaces, where paint is applied by spray, mask or enclose with polyethylene, or similar air tight material with edges and seams continuously sealed including items specified in “Building and Structural Work Field Painting”; “Work not Painted”; motors, controls, telephone, and electrical equipment, fronts of sterilizes and other recessed equipment and similar prefinished items. |
F. Do not paint in closed position operable items such as access doors and panels, window sashes, overhead doors, and similar items except overhead roll-up doors and shutters.
3.7 PRIME PAINTING:
| A. | After surface preparation, prime surfaces before application of body and finish coats, except as otherwise specified. |
| B. | Spot prime and apply body coat to damaged and abraded painted surfaces before applying succeeding coats. |
| C. | Additional field applied prime coats over shop or factory applied prime coats are not required except for exterior exposed steel apply an additional prime coat. |
| D. | Gypsum Board: |
| 1. | Surfaces scheduled to have MPI 53 (Interior Latex, Flat), MPI Gloss Level 1 MPI 52 (Interior Latex, MPI Gloss Level 3), MPI 54 (Interior Latex, Semi-Gloss, MPI Gloss Level 5) finish: Use MPI 53 (Interior Latex, MPI Gloss Level 3), MPI 52 (Interior Latex, MPI Gloss Level 3), MPI 54 (Interior Latex, Semi-Gloss, MPI Gloss Level 5). |
| 2. | Primer: MPI 50 (Interior Latex Primer Sealer) except use MPI 45 (Interior Primer Sealer) in shower and bathrooms. |
| I. | Concrete Masonry Units except glazed or integrally colored and decorative units: |
| 1. | MPI 4 (Block Filler) on interior surfaces. |
| 2. | Prime exterior surface as specified for exterior finishes. |
3.8 INTERIOR FINISHES:
| A. | Apply following finish coats over prime coats in spaces or on surfaces specified. |
| B. | Gypsum Board: |
| 1. | One (1) coat of MPI 45 (Interior Primer Sealer) plus one (1) coat of MPI 139 (Interior High Performance Latex, MPI Gloss level 3). |
| 2. | One (1) coat of MPI 45 (Interior Primer Sealer) plus one (1) coat of MPI 54 (Interior Latex, Semi-Gloss, MPI Gloss Level 5) or MPI 114 (Interior Latex, Gloss). |
| C. | Masonry and Concrete Walls: |
| 1. | Over MPI 4 (Interior/Exterior Latex Block Filler) on CMU surfaces. |
| 2. | Two (2) coats of MPI 52 (Interior Latex, MPI Gloss Level 3). |
| 3. | Two (2) coats of Level 3) |
3.9 REFINISHING EXISTING PAINTED SURFACES:
| A. | Clean, patch and repair existing surfaces as specified under “Surface Preparation”. No “telegraphing” of lines, ridges, flakes, etc., through new surfacing is permitted. Where this occurs, sand smooth and re-finish until surface meets with COR’s approval. |
| B. | Remove and reinstall items as specified under “General Workmanship Requirements”. |
| C. | Remove existing finishes or apply separation coats to prevent non compatible coatings from having contact. |
| D. | Patched or Replaced Areas in Surfaces and Components: Apply spot prime and body coats as specified for new work to repaired areas or replaced components. |
| E. | Except where scheduled for complete painting apply finish coat over plane surface to nearest break in plane, such as corner, reveal, or frame. |
| F. | In existing rooms and areas where alterations occur, clean existing stained and natural finished wood retouch abraded surfaces and then give entire surface one (1) coat of MPI 31 (Polyurethane, Moisture Cured, Clear Gloss) or MPI 71 (Polyurethane, Moisture Cured, Clear Flat). |
| G. | Refinish areas as specified for new work to match adjoining work unless specified or scheduled otherwise. |
| H. | Coat knots and pitch streaks showing through old finish with MPI 36 (Knot Sealer) before refinishing. |
| I. | Sand or dull glossy surfaces prior to painting. |
| J. | Sand existing coatings to a feather edge so that transition between new and existing finish will not show in finished work. |
3.11 PAINT COLOR:
| A. | Color and gloss of finish coats is specified to match existing |
| B. | Coat Colors: |
| 1. | Color of priming coat: Lighter than body coat. |
| 2. | Color of body coat: Lighter than finish coat. |
| 3. | Color prime and body coats to not show through the finish coat and to mask surface imperfections or contrasts. |
| C. | Painting, Caulking, Closures, and Fillers Adjacent to Casework: |
| 1. | Paint to match color of casework where casework has a paint finish. |
| 2. | Paint to match color of wall where casework is stainless steel, plastic laminate, or varnished wood. |
3.12 PROTECTION CLEAN UP, AND TOUCH-UP:
| A. | Protect work from paint droppings and spattering by use of masking, drop cloths, removal of items or by other approved methods. |
| B. | Upon completion, clean paint from hardware, glass and other surfaces and items not required to be painted of paint drops or smears. |
| C. | Before final inspection, touch-up or refinished in a manner to produce solid even color and finish texture, free from defects in work which was damaged or discolored. |
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09 91 00 - 1
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