C05 Attachment 13 031001L010201-Encino Lookout-20250513-C-TSIR-V16_01.pdf

STRUCTURE SUPPORT

BRANCH

FAA MMAC AJW-L523

TOWER INSPECTION

REPORT

Site ID: 031001L010201 v.16 1

Top Page: Site Information Region/Forest 03/10 Forest Name Santa Fe National Forest Facility Type Remote Facility Use Multi Use Site Name Encino Lookout Life Safety Major Mission Capability Major Environmental Minor Overall Tower Condition Major Site Coordinates Lat/Long 36°7'21.17"N, 106°33'12.75"W Access Road Starting Lat/Long 36°5'56.04"N, 106°32'5.36"W Inspection Team Tanner Burnett, Devin Edwards Inspection Report Reviewed By Scott Mosher Date of Inspection 5/13/2025 Date of Last Known Inspection Unknown Obstruction Lighting No RF readings (safe/unsafe) Safe Tower Manufacture Aermotor Tower Model MC-39 Inspection Report Acceptance Serial Number Unknown Name Bradley Vaillancourt Associated Drawing Numbers N/A

Signature Sign HereTower Height 59’ 6”

Number of Sections 4 Elevation of Tower Slope Change N/A Tower Status/Current Use Status Active Current Use LMR Tower Type/System Type Self Supported System Lookout Tower Leg and Brace Dimensions Leg L4”x4” Brace L2.4”x2.5” Tower Cross Section/Face Width Cross Section Square Face Width 190” Base/Section Bolt Size/Grade Base 2x0.87” Section 4x0.75 Climbing Ladder/ Stairs Dimensions

Ladder Width 24” Rung to Rung 9” Rung Type Step/Wood Rung Size 9”x1.5”

Weather Conditions Temperature 51.3 °F Humidity 42.5 % Wind Speed 31.2 mph Skies Clear

Site Information Notes Yale key gate.

Executive Summary Are there deficiencies that would impact a structural analysis?

YES

ENGINEER NOTES AND RECOMMENDATIONS LISTED BELOW PER THE

INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE SITE REPORT:

During the course of the tower’s conditional assessment the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) field team has found no reasonably identifiable deficiencies that could impact the tower load rating provided by the structural analysis. The tower overall conditional assessment rating is Major (no recommended site access restrictions).

Each recorded deficiency has been detailed in the appropriate section of this report. It is recommended that each deficiency should be addressed to prevent future impact to the tower’s structure integrity, life safety, and mission capability.

Reference: Life safety compliance, mission capability, and environmental.

Site Corrective Actions Overview Were corrective actions performed during the inspection?

YES

CORRECTIVE ACTIONS COMPLETED ON SITE WITH DETAILS LISTED BELOW:

Legs A and D structure bonds re-attached. Bond ran to shelter.

Reference: Life safety compliance, mission capability, and environmental.

Have corrective actions been completed by a 3rd Party or USFS?

N/A

CORRECTIVE ACTIONS COMPLETED ON SITE WITH DETAILS LISTED BELOW:

Unknown

Reference: Life safety compliance, mission capability, and environmental.

Site Assessment Deficiency Report Green: No issues or minor issues noted due to non-compliance with a current standard.

Yellow: Non-critical issues identified that should be corrected, when possible, but is not an immediate concern.

Red: Critical issues identified that may affect personnel safety, cause a system outage, or damage to equipment. These issues require immediate attention or should be condemned. A Do Not Climb sign is installed if the structural integrity of the tower is compromised.

Life-Safety Compliance

PRIORITY LEVEL: 2 DEFICIENCY DESCRIPTION WITH RECOMMENDED CORRECTIVE ACTION (RCA):

-Lightning protection system consists of all air terminals bonded to the tower and no down conductors. RCA: Install an additional down conductor and bond it to the existing EES in accordance with NFPA 780 Section 4.

-Catwalks and/or platforms are lacking mid rails and toe boards. RCA: Install mid rails and toe boards in accordance with OSHA regulations 1926.502(B)(1)(2) and/or 1926.502(J)(1)(2)(3).

Reference: OSHA Deficiencies (OSHA Standards), Electrical Safety Deficiencies (NEC and NFPA 780) industry best practices), and Hazardous Conditions (issues of concern, life threatening).

Mission Capability

PRIORITY LEVEL: 2 DEFICIENCY DESCRIPTION WITH RECOMMENDED CORRECTIVE ACTION (RCA):

-The FAA tower mapping/structural analysis is adhering to the current version TIA-222 which stipulates that guyed towers are analyzed once every three years and self-supporting structures analyzed once every five years. It is recommended that subsequent inspections follow the TIA-222 standard.

-All internal and external equipment and mounts are not bonded to the earth electrode system and is not within a zone of protection. RCA: Bond all equipment and mounts to an EES or establish a zone of protection in accordance with NFPA 780 Section 4.

-Transmission lines are unsupported between the tower and the adjacent building. RCA: Install an ice bridge for proper transmission line support and protection.

Reference: Probability of system outage due to any reason, system life in current condition, theft/tampering preventive measure adequacy, Grounding & Bonding (NFPA 780), Lightning Protection System (NFPA 780), and Utilities & Power

(NEC).

Environmental

PRIORITY LEVEL: 3 DEFICIENCY DESCRIPTION WITH RECOMMENDED CORRECTIVE ACTION (RCA):

-Minor amounts of vegetation overgrowth have developed around the tower foundation. RCA: Remove existing vegetation and treat the area to prevent future plant growth.

Reference: Wildlife and pest control, weather conditions, flood control, and hazardous waste conditions.

Contents

Asset Master File Link: https://usfs.box.com/s/tvdayn44acr6quhxljqq0ksxyqm7cd1j

NRM Condition Assessment Link: https://usfs.box.com/s/7xzmfjcv597d81pr262mesipn6lobhqk

Overview This document provides inspection details for self-supporting and guyed towers. Three primary categories are covered in the tower inspection:

1. Structural Condition

2. Corrosion and Coating

3. Lightning Protection

All findings within these applicable categories are checked for standards compliance and used to generate recommendations. If non-compliant issues are found, they are ranked according to their criticality as follows:

Priority 1(a): Critical issues that identify the asset as being structurally unsound and posing an immediate personnel safety risk, to include causing a system outage or damage equipment. The findings recommend immediate closure of the asset.

Priority 1(b): Critical issues found that may affect personnel health and safety, cause a system outage, or damage equipment. The asset is structurally sound but accessible only under specific conditions and circumstances.

Major: A non-critical issue that should be corrected, when possible, but is not an immediate concern.

Minor: A minor issue or an item that has been noted due to non-compliance with a current standard. These items may be compliant with previous standards.

Locations of non-compliant items are listed in the data tables. A location reference map is provided in Figure 1 on the next page. A trained tower inspection team performs inspections. Each team member has the following certifications:

Mobile Crane Operations Fundamentals Of Protective Coatings for Industrial Structures Fall Protection/High Angle Rope Rescue Grounding/Bonding/Shielding/Corrosion/Tower Inspections Guyed Tower Inspections

Common Abbreviations “RCA” - Recommended Corrective Actions “SF” - Severity Factor “CSF” - Corrosion Severity Factor

WARNING

Due to safety limitations only employees/climbers trained in Fall Protection/High Angle Rescue shall be allowed to inspect or work above ground level.

It is imperative that communications between on-site personnel and inspection team members always remain open.

NOTICE

Safety guidelines including pre-climb equipment inspection and rescue/rappel planning will be followed at all times.

Rescue Plan Because of differences in tower systems a rescue plan including first man up contingencies for each individual inspection situation shall be discussed, agreed upon, and completely understood by each member of the inspection team at each site before any work above ground starts. (Refer to ‘Radome Rescue Planning and Procedures’)

Controlled Decent Plan Because of differences in tower systems a rappel plan for each individual inspection situation shall be discussed, agreed upon, and completely understood by each member of the inspection team at each site.

Keeping in mind that a minimum 5000-pound anchor point is mandatory for a safe rappel as outlined in Fall Protection training. (Refer to ‘Radome Rappel Planning and Procedures’)

Section 1: Inspection Data Collection Concrete PSI Test (Vertical/Horizontal) Dimensions

Leg A Vertical 3,650 PSI 16”x16” Leg B Vertical 4,250 PSI 16”x16” Leg C Vertical 5,200 PSI 16”x16” Leg D Vertical 3,250 PSI 16”x16” Leg AA N/A N/A N/A Leg BB N/A N/A N/A Leg CC N/A N/A N/A Leg DD N/A N/A N/A

Metal Thickness Average (Inches) Coating Thickness Average (Mils) Leg A 0.34“ Member A 0.14“ Leg A 3.81 mils Member A 3.68 mils Leg B 0.34“ Member B 0.13“ Leg B 19.9 mils Member B 3.98 mils Leg C 0.35“ Member C 0.14“ Leg C 5.20 mils Member C 4.44 mils Leg D 0.34” Member D 0.14” Leg D 2.98 mils Member D 3.62 mils Leg AA N/A Member AA N/A Leg AA N/A Member AA N/A Leg BB N/A Member BB N/A Leg BB N/A Member BB N/A Leg CC N/A Member CC N/A Leg CC N/A Member CC N/A Leg DD N/A Member DD N/A Leg DD N/A Member DD N/A

3 Point Ground Resistance Reading Soil Resistivity Reading

14.4 5.05

Bonded Points Ohms Bonded Points Ohms Structure Bond A 39.7 Down Conductor A N/A Structure Bond B 240.0 Down Conductor B N/A Structure Bond C 600.0 Down Conductor C N/A Structure Bond D Open Loop Down Conductor D N/A

Bonded Points Ohms Shelter Bonds N/A Bus Bar Bonds N/A Fence Post Bonds N/A Fence Corner Bonds N/A Wireway Bonds N/A Guy Wire Bonds N/A Other Bonds N/A

Guy Wire System Inspection

Strand Type

Size Foot Pounds (lbfs.)

(Legs with multiple guys, measurements are entered bottom to top)

Leg A N/A N/A N/A Leg B N/A N/A N/A Leg C N/A N/A N/A Leg D N/A N/A N/A

PLUMB AND TWIST INFORMATION WILL BE IN ATTACHMENT Pass

Test Data Notes N/A

Section 2: Tower Structure, and Safety Conditions Tower member and hardware (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -Minor bent tower leg in Section 4, leg A. RCA: Continue to monitor and take corrective actions if the severity of the bent leg increases.

-Minor bent tower gusset plate at the base, leg D. RCA: Continue to monitor and take corrective actions if the severity of the bent gusset plate increases.

-Minor bent tower cross brace at 10 feet, face A. RCA: Secure a review by engineering staff, and if deemed necessary replace or repair the bent tower member.

Damaged/Bent Members (Legs & Braces)

Loose Members Mounted Equipment

(Antennas, etc.)

Welded Connections (Cracks, etc.)

Weep Holes (Plugged/Not Plugged)

N/A

Hardware (Loose, Missing, Damaged, Abandon)

Guy Wire System (Visual Inspection, Tensiometer Readings Section 1) Ref. Annex J TIA

222-H

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority N/A

Strand Condition N/A Turnbuckles N/A

Cable Connectors N/A Guy Tensions N/A Guy Anchors N/A Guy Pull Off N/A

Ladder, Platforms, and Catwalks (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -Catwalks and/or platforms are lacking mid rails and toe boards. RCA:

Install mid rails and toe boards in accordance with OSHA regulations 1926.502(B)(1)(2) and/or 1926.502(J)(1)(2)(3).

Ladder Climbing Safety System

N/A

Bent, Damaged or Missing Members

Catwalk Flooring (i.e., Grating/Wood Planks)

Hinged Access Fastening Hardware (Nuts, Bolts, Screws, Rivets, etc.)

Transmission Lines (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -Transmission lines are unsupported between the tower and the adjacent building. RCA: Install an ice bridge for proper transmission line support and protection.

Coax and/or Waveguide Condition

Connector Weatherproofing

Transmission Line Supports

Lights and Sensors (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority N/A

Obstruction Light Bulbs and Lenses - Condition

N/A

Obstruction Light Control Box

N/A

Obstruction Light Photocell

N/A

Wiring Condition N/A

Section 3: Foundation, Fencing, and Environmental Condition Ground Condition (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations Yes Priority N/A

Settlement, Movement, or earth cracks

Erosion Around Foundations

Other Ground Concerns (Standing Water, Drainage, etc.)

Concrete

(Visual Inspection, Digishmidt Concrete PSI Readings Section 1)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority

-SF-1 chipping on the tower foundation block D. RCA: Continue to monitor for noted chipping, cracking, and/or spalling to expand in any direction.

Grout Condition N/A Cracking, Spalling, Chipping

Low Spots (Collecting Moisture)

Fencing and Security Wire (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority N/A

Gated Access Points Fence Posts

Fencing Material (Chain Link, Wood Pickets, etc.)

Security Wire (Barbed and Razor Wire)

Fastening Hardware (Bolts, Screws, etc.)

Environmental

(Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -Minor amounts of vegetation overgrowth have developed around the tower foundation. RCA: Remove existing vegetation and treat the area to prevent future plant growth. Vegetation Overgrowth

(Trees, Brush, Vines etc.)

Waste, Biohazards Infestation (Wasps, Rodents etc.)

Section 4: Corrosion, Wood Rot, and Coating Condition Main Tower and Facilities Wooden and Steel (Visual Inspection, Elcometer Thickness and Coating Readings from Section 1) Ref TI-222-H

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority

-CSF-1 & 2 corrosion has developed on the tower legs and braces, in spots throughout. RCA: The tower may require a review by engineering staff and should have all members and/or components that have progressed to CSF-3 repaired or replaced immediately.

-CSF-1 & 2 corrosion has developed on the tower staircase, throughout.

RCA: The tower may require a review by engineering staff and should have the below grade section repaired or replaced.

-CSF-2 corrosion has developed on a tower brace, on the lower left diagonal, inside face B. RCA: The tower may require a review by engineering staff and should have all members and/or components that have progressed to CSF-3 repaired or replaced immediately.

Legs, Braces, and Other Structural Members

Climbing Facilities Stairways, Ladders and

Safety Systems, Grating/Wood Decking

Electrical Through Ways, Conduits, etc.

Equipment Mounts Fencing and Security

Wire

Lightning Protection System (Conductors, Bus Bars, Welds, Bonding Connectors)

Fasteners (Nuts, Bolts, Clamps) (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -CSF-2 corrosion has developed on structural hardware, throughout the tower. RCA: Replace all hardware that has progressed to CSF-2 and above.

-CSF-2 corrosion has developed on stairway hardware, throughout. RCA:

Replace all hardware that has progressed to CSF-2 and above.

-CSF-2 corrosion has developed on the solar array mounting hardware, in spots. RCA: Replace all hardware that has progressed to CSF-2 and above.

-CSF-2 corrosion has developed on most types of hardware, throughout RCA: Replace all hardware that has progressed to CSF-2 and above.

Perform corrosion abatement, recoat the surface, and continue to monitor all hardware with CSF-1 and below.

Legs, Braces, and Other Structural Members

Climbing Facilities Stairways, Ladders and

Safety Systems, Grating/Wood Decking

Electrical Through Ways, Conduits, etc.

Equipment Mounts 3 Fencing and Security

Wire

Lightning Protection System (Bonding, Mounting Hardware)

Section 5: Overall, Lightning Protection, Bonding, and Grounding Condition Inspection Points

(Visual Inspection, 3-point Ground Test, Megger, and

Milli-Ohms Meter) Ref

NFPA 780

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -Lightning protection system consists of all air terminals bonded to the tower and no down conductors. RCA: Install an additional down conductor and bond it to the existing EES in accordance with NFPA 780 Section 4.

-Air terminal on leg C is no longer attached to the structure. RCA: reinstall disconnected air terminal.

-No ground well has been installed for earth electrode system test readings. RCA: A ground test well should be installed in accordance with NFPA 780 Annex A.4.13.1.

-Structure bonds legs A, B, C, and D resistivity test is above 25 ohms.

RCA: Improve the bond to the earth electrode system to meet the 25 ohms accepted per NFPA 780 para. A.11.4.5.2.

-All the equipment and mounts are not bonded to the earth electrode system and is not within a zone of protection. RCA: Bond all equipment and mounts to an EES or establish a zone of protection in accordance with NFPA 780 Section 4.

Lightning Protection System (Rolling Ball, Air Terminal, Halo, and Down Conductor)

EES (Test Well, Conductor Size, and

Ground Rods)

Structure Bonds (Tower and Shelter)

Equipment Bonding (Antennas/Masts, Conduit, J-Boxes, Generator, LP tank, and Solar Array)

Fence Bonding (Fence Posts, Gates and Gate

Posts, and Security Wire)

Guy Wires N/A

Section 6: Tower, Foundation, and Grounding Condition Pictures

Foundation Chipping

Corroded Tower Member(s)

Bent Tower Members

Bent Tower Members

Structure Bond over 25 OHMS

Corroded Structural Hardware

3-Point Ground Resistivity Test

Corroded Tower Leg

Minor Vegetation Overgrowth

Disconnected Air Terminal

Section 7: Shelter Information Shelter Exterior Picture

Shelter Interior Picture

Shelter Exterior Picture Shelter Interior Picture

STRUCTURE

NAME

Encino Comm Shelter STRUCTURE SUPPORTS Communication HVAC Make N/A

STRUCTURE

TYPE

Prefabricated Steel HVAC Model N/A HVAC Serial N/A

MAKE Pepro HVAC BTU N/A MODEL N/A EXTERIOR L x W x H N/A SERIAL N/A INTERIOR L x W x H N/A USED FLOOR SPACE (2’x2’ typical rack) All NUMBER OF RACKS N/A AVAILABLE FLOOR SPACE (based on a 2’x’2 square and not entering egress areas) None ICE BRIDGE No DISTANCE TOWER to SHELTER 47”3/8”

Shelter Inspection Points (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority N/A

Exterior (Roof, Walls, Foundation, Doors, Windows)

Interior (Ceiling, Walls, Floor)

Electrical (Lighting, Outlets, Load centers)

Section 8: Lookout Cab Information:

Lookout Cab Exterior Picture

Lookout Cab Interior Picture

Lookout Cab Exterior Picture Lookout Cab Interior Picture

STRUCTURE

NAME

Encino Lookout STRUCTURE SUPPORTS Communication HVAC Make N/A

STRUCTURE

TYPE:

Metal Lookout Cab HVAC Model N/A HVAC Serial N/A

MAKE Aermotor HVAC BTU N/A MODEL MC-39 EXTERIOR L x W x H 7’x7’x7’2” SERIAL Unknown INTERIOR L x W x H 6’6”x6’6”x6’11” USED FLOOR SPACE (2’x2’ typical rack) All NUMBER OF RACKS N/A AVAILABLE FLOOR SPACE (based on a 2’x’2 square and not entering egress areas) None

Lookout Cab Inspection Points (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -CSF- 1 corrosion has developed on the exterior wall panels throughout (greater than 50% of surfaces). RCA: Perform corrosion abatement, recoat the surface, and continue to monitor.

Exterior (Roof, Walls, Foundation, Doors, Windows)

Interior (Ceiling, Walls, Floor)

Electrical (Lighting, Outlets, Load centers)

Section 9: Primary and Redundant Power Information Primary Power Picture

Redundant Power Picture

Primary Power Picture

Redundant Power Picture

Primary Type Solar Redundant Power Type Battery Transformer # N/A Fuel Type N/A Pole or Protector # N/A Transfer Switch Installed N/A Meter # N/A Fuel Tank Capacity N/A Power Phase Single Phase Generator Make N/A Site Disconnect N/A Generator Model N/A

Generator Serial N/A

Inspection Points (Visual Inspection, megger, and milli-ohms meter) Ref: NFPA 780 and

NEC

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations

Yes Priority -The Solar Array are not bonded to the earth electrode system and is not within a zone of protection. RCA: Bond the antenna mounts to an EES or establish a zone of protection in accordance with NFPA 780 Section 4.

-Battery terminals are not properly covered and present an arc flash hazard. RCA: Install battery terminal covers.

Meter Base N/A Site Disconnect N/A

Grounding 2 Wiring/Conduit N/A

Battery/s 3 LP Tank Condition N/A LP Lines Condition N/A

Solar Panels

Section 10: Access Information Access Road

Narrowest Section

Access Road

Last Turn

Access Road Owner FS Narrowest Width 12’ Access Type 4 X 4 Required Switch Backs Yes Access Date Range May-November Access Gate Key Lock Road Surface Type Gravel/Dirt Access Gate Combo N/A Road Length 2.96 Miles Wilderness Zone No Trailer Access Yes Trail Length N/A Heavy Equipment Access Yes Trail Head Coordinates N/A

Inspection Points (Visual Inspection)

Compliance Deficiencies, Recommended Correction, and Standards/Regulations Yes Priority -Road rough and partially washed out in spots.

-Yale key gate.

-Lock box for shelter key on fence. Combo: 1010, 1048

Road Surface Condition

Above Road Conditions (tree line, fencing, obstructions, etc.)

Access Gate Trail Condition N/A

Section 11: Additional Notes/Continuation Sheet

Section 12: Inspection Guidance

11.1 Tower Reference

Locations referred to in the trip report are interpreted as follows:

Leg/Face “A” will be the first leg/face clockwise from true North, each additional leg/face continuing in the clockwise direction will increase alphabetically.

Sections will be numbered starting with one at first complete section closest to ground level and increase numerically to the top of the tower.

Section panels will be numbered starting with one at the lowest point in the section, associated section number, and corresponding face letter.

Guy wires and guy pull-offs will be numbered starting with one at the lowest point increasing numerically to the top of the tower and corresponding leg letter.

Guy anchors will be denoted starting closest to the tower as 1 (inside), 2 (middle), 3 (outside) and corresponding leg letter.

Figure 1

11.2 Inspection Overview and procedures

The overall condition of the tower structural members, coax components, climbing facilities, fasteners, and other components are evaluated as outlined in this section. Visual and physical checks are performed to ensure that the tower and subsystems are structurally sound and functional.

Visual inspections are performed and recorded in section 1.2.1 that determine overall appearance, verify that all tower members and subsystem components are in place, and identify damaged, missing, or loose components.

Physical inspections are performed and recorded in section 1.2.2 that determines coating thickness, using an Elcometer 456 Coating Thickness Gauge. All corners of the tower are checked at the ground level and at any location that appears questionable with a three-point check that covers the leg and the braces on either side of it.

ASTM A-123A is referenced for coating thickness requirements.

Concrete foundations and anchoring hardware are visually checked for wear, damage, and proper construction as detailed in section 1.2.4. Concrete hardness tests are performed using a Proceq Digi-Schmidt Digital Concrete Test Hammer. Two hardness measurements are taken per foundation corner – one on the top of the foundation and one on the side.

The tower plumb results are provided in section 1.2.4. The plumb and twist inspection, in accordance with TIA- 222-H Annex J, determines the allowable deviation for tower structures. Allowable deviation depends in large part on the height and tower type. The transit is to be set up on each leg azimuth at the base of the tower. The corresponding tower leg at the base of the tower is used to set the vertical baseline, as shown for both three leg and four leg towers.

11.3 Timber Condition Guidance

Tower structural members, conduit, ladders, stairways, fasteners, and all other components made from Timber must be checked for deterioration and degradation in addition to standard member condition and in lieu of corrosion and proper protective coatings for steel members. The field guidance below is to be used to determine the appropriate compliance level with industry guidance from the American Wood Council, Federal Highway Administration Inspection Manual and American Institute of Timber Construction on material condition though the member may not physically denote large signs of distress, deterioration, and degradation.

The severity of deterioration for timber is reported in terms of degrees: 1st, 2nd or 3rd. These determinations are made visually and are based on the following criteria:

1st degree/SF-1 distress, deterioration and degradation is minor as described below Connections – Connection is in place and functioning as intended.

Decay – None Surface Irregularities – None Section Loss – None.

Check/Shake – Surface penetration less than 5% of the member thickness regardless of location.

Cracks – None.

Split/Delamination – None.

Abrasion/Wear – None or no measurable section loss.

Settlement – None.

Erosion/Scour – None Mechanical Damage – None Infestation – None Mold/Discoloration – None

2nd degree/SF-2 distress, deterioration and degradation is moderate as described below Connection – Loose fasteners or pack rust without distortion is present but the connection is in place and functioning as intended.

Decay – Localized cracking perpendicular to parallel to the grain giving the surface an appearance like charred wood Surface Irregularities – Localized areas of roughened surfaces, swollen or sunken faces

Section Loss – Material missing that affects less than 10% of the member section.

Check/Shake – Penetrates 5%-50% of the thickness of the member and not in a tension zone.

Cracks – Crack that has been arrested through effective measures.

Split/Delamination – Length less than the member depth Abrasion/Wear –Section loss less than 10% of the member depth.

Settlement – Exists within tolerable limits or arrested with no observed structural distress.

Erosion/Scour – Exists within tolerable limits or has been arrested with effective countermeasures.

Mechanical Damage – Distress caused by fasteners, joints or other locations exposing end grain or create pockets for moisture that has not weakened or warped member Infestation – Bores, pits or pockets created from insects noted on surface but has not weakened member Mold/Discoloration – Observed on surface but has not weakened member

3rd degree/SF-3 distress, deterioration and degradation is severe as described below

Connection – Missing bolts, rivets, or fasteners; broken welds; or pack rust with distortion Decay – Widespread cracking perpendicular to parallel to the grain giving the surface an appearance like charred wood Surface Irregularities – Widespread areas of roughened surfaces, swollen or sunken faces Section Loss – Material missing that affects 10% or more of the member Check/Shake – Penetrates more than 50% of the thickness of the member or more than 5% of the member thickness in a tension zone Cracks – Identified crack that is not arrested Split/Delamination – Length equal to or greater than the member depth Abrasion/Wear –Section loss 10% or more of the member thickness Settlement – Exceeds tolerable limits Erosion/Scour – Exceeds tolerable limits but is less than the critical limits Mechanical Damage - Distress caused by fasteners, joints or other locations exposing end grain or create pockets for moisture that has weakened or warped member Infestation – Bores, pits or pockets created from insects noted on surface and has weakened member Mold/Discoloration – Observed on surface and has weakened member

The importance of a distress, deterioration and degradation issue will be reported according to Priority 1, 2, or 3 (the same ranking system used in Sections 1 and 2):

11.4 Concrete Condition Guidance

Tower structural members, conduit, ladders, stairways, fasteners, and all other components made from Concrete must be checked for deterioration and degradation in addition to standard member condition and in lieu of corrosion and proper protective coatings for steel members. The field guidance below is to be used to determine the appropriate compliance level with industry guidance from the American Concrete Institute and Federal Highway Administration Inspection Manual on material condition though the member may not physically denote large signs of distress, deterioration and degradation.

The severity of deterioration for timber is reported in terms of degrees: 1st, 2nd or 3rd. These determinations are made visually and are based on the following criteria:

1st degree/SF-1 distress, deterioration and degradation is minor as described below Delamination/Spall/Patched Area – None Exposed Rebar - None Surface Irregularities – None Efflorescence/Rust Staining/Discoloration/Sweating – None Cracking – Sealed crack width less than 0.012 in. or spacing greater than 3.0 ft.

Abrasion/Wear – No abrasion or wearing Erosion/Scour – None

2nd degree/SF-2 distress, deterioration and degradation is moderate as described below Delamination/Spall/Patched Area – Delaminated. Spall 1 in. or less deep or 6 in. or less in diameter.

Exposed Rebar – Present without section loss Surface Irregularities – Localized areas of divots, pits, honeycombing or damaged faces.

Efflorescence/Rust Staining/Discoloration/Sweating – Surface white without build-up or leaching Without rust staining.

Cracking - Width 0.012-0.05 in. or spacing of 1.0 - 3.0 ft.

Abrasion/Wear – Abrasion or wearing has exposed coarse aggregate but the aggregate remains secure Erosion/Scour – Exists within tolerable limits or has been arrested with effective countermeasures.

Mechanical Damage – Distress caused by fasteners, joints or other locations exposing end grain or create pockets for moisture that has not weakened or warped member Infestation – Bores, pits or pockets created from insects noted on surface but has not weakened member Mold/Discoloration – Observed on surface but has not weakened member

3rd degree/SF-3 distress, deterioration and degradation are severe as described below

Delamination/Spall/Patched Area – Spall greater than 1 in. deep or greater than 6 in. diameter.

Exposed Rebar – Present with measurable section loss (less than 15%) Surface Irregularities – Widespread areas of divots, pits, honeycombing or damaged faces.

Efflorescence/Rust Staining/Discoloration/Sweating (1120) – Heavy build-up with rust staining.

Cracking - Width greater than 0.05 in. or spacing of less than 1 ft.

Abrasion/Wear – Coarse aggregate is loose or has popped out of the concrete matrix Erosion/Scour – Exceeds tolerable limits but is less than the critical limits Mechanical Damage - Distress caused by fasteners, joints or other locations exposing end grain or create pockets for moisture that has weakened or warped member Infestation – Bores, pits or pockets created from insects noted on surface and has weakened member Mold/Discoloration – Observed on surface and has weakened member

The importance of a distress, deterioration and degradation issue will be reported according to Priority 1, 2, or 3

11.5 Metal Condition Guidance

Tower structural members, conduit, ladders, stairways, fasteners, and all other components made from metal must be checked for deterioration and degradation in addition to standard member condition and in lieu of corrosion and proper protective coatings for metal members. The field guidance below is to be used to determine the appropriate compliance level with industry guidance from ANSI/TIA 222-G on material condition though the member may not physically denote large signs of distress, deterioration, and degradation.

The severity of deterioration for metal is reported in terms of degrees: 1st, 2nd or 3rd. These determinations are made visually and are based on the following criteria:

1st degree/CSF-1 distress, deterioration and degradation are minor as described below Corrosion – None Cracking – None Connection – Connection is in place and functioning as intended.

Distortion - None Settlement - None Erosion/Scour – None

2nd degree/CSF-2 distress, deterioration and degradation are moderate as described below Corrosion - Freckled Rust. Corrosion of the metal has initiated.

Cracking – Crack has self-arrested or has been arrested with effective arrest holes, doubling plates or similar.

Connections – Loose fasteners or pack rust without distortion is present but the connection is in place and functioning as intended.

Distortion – Distortion not requiring mitigation or mitigated distortion.

Settlement – Exists within tolerable limits or arrested with no observed structural distress.

Erosion/Scour – Exists within tolerable limits or has been arrested with effective countermeasures.

3rd degree/CSF-3 distress, deterioration and degradation are severe as described below

Corrosion - Section loss is evident, or pack rust is present Cracking – Identified crack that is not arrested Connections – Missing bolts, rivets or fasteners; broken welds; or pack rust with distortion Distortion – Distortion that requires mitigation that has not been addressed Settlement – Exceeds tolerable limits.

Erosion/Scour – Exceeds tolerable limits but is less than the critical limits

The importance of a distress, deterioration and degradation issue will be reported according to Priority 1, 2, or 3