35_31_19.45.pdf

Rosewood Park Coastal Ecosystem Restoration - GLFER W912P6-13-B-0004

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 35 - WATERWAY AND MARINE CONSTRUCTION

SECTION 35 31 19.45 03

STONE MATERIALS AND PLACEMENT

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE

1.2 REFERENCES

1.3 SUBMITTALS

1.4 PRE-PRODUCTION QUALITY CONTROL

1.4.1 Material Quality

1.4.2 Armor Stone Pre-Production Reference Stones

1.4.3 Evaluation of Pre-Production Reference Stones

1.4.4 Approval of Pre-Production Reference Stones

1.4.5 Availability of Pre-Production Reference Stones

1.5 QUALITY CONTROL STAFFING

1.5.1 Qualifications and Duties of Stone Materials Control Field

(SMCF) Supervisor

1.5.2 Qualifications and Duties of SMC Inspectors

1.6 QUALITY CONTROL

1.6.1 General

1.6.2 Records

1.6.3 Pre-Placement Survey

1.6.4 Check Surveys

1.6.4.1 Below Water

1.6.4.2 Gage Board

1.6.4.3 Predetermined Transit Angle Method or Ranges Method:

1.6.4.4 Checking Gage

1.7 MEASUREMENT

1.7.1 New Stone and Crushed Concrete/Rubble Fill

1.7.2 Tolerance Limits

1.7.3 Method of Determining Weight with Delivery by Vessel or Barge

1.7.3.1 Gauges

1.7.3.2 Gauging Tables

1.7.3.3 Reading of Draft Gauges

1.7.3.4 Uniform Loading

1.7.3.5 Readings in Still Water

1.7.3.6 Leaks

1.7.3.7 Variations During Unloading Operations

1.7.3.8 Carrier Designations

1.7.3.9 Verification of Measurements

1.7.3.10 Carriers Not Measured

1.7.4 Method of Determining Weight with Delivery by Truck

1.7.4.1 Scales

1.7.4.2 On-Site Scales

1.7.5 Determination of Excess Stone

1.7.5.1 Excess Stone Surveys

1.7.6 Conversion Factors of In-Place Volume to Bid Quantities

1.7.6.1 Revised Quantities

1.7.6.2 Modifications to Specific Gravity

PART 2 PRODUCTS

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 1

AMD-0004

2.1 STONE MATERIALS

2.1.1 General

2.1.2 Material Quality

2.1.2.1 General

2.1.2.2 Acceptability of Stone Materials

2.1.2.3 Armor Stone for Stone Breakwaters (3-5T and 1.5-3T)

2.1.2.4 Armor Stone for Beach Revetments(A4 and A5)

2.1.2.5 Filter Stone

2.1.2.6 Core Stone

2.1.2.7 Bedding Stone

2.1.3 Proportional Dimension Limitation.

2.2 STONE MATERIAL SOURCES

2.2.1 Listed Sources.

2.2.2 Other Sources

2.2.3 No Government Warranty

2.2.4 Material Acceptability

2.2.5 Rejection

2.3 STONE AND FILL GRADATIONS

2.3.1 Armor Stone (3-5T)

2.3.2 Armor Stone (1.5-3T)

2.3.3 Armor Stone (A4 and A5)

2.3.4 Filter Stone

2.3.5 Core Stone

2.3.6 Bedding-Stone

2.4 STONE AND FILL SAMPLING AND LABORATORY TESTING

2.4.1 Stone and Fill test results

2.5 QUARRY OPERATIONS

2.5.1 Curing Stone

2.5.2 Curing Stone Quarried In Freezing Weather

2.5.3 Temporary Storage

2.6 PRODUCTION QUALITY CONTROL

2.6.1 General

2.6.2 Inspection and Tests

2.6.3 Quality Assurance

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL

3.1.1 Breakwater Construction

3.1.1 Backshore Revetment Construction

3.2 DEBRIS

3.3 TURBIDITY CONTROLS

3.4 LIMITATIONS of PLACEMENT PROCEDURES

3.4.1 Interruptions

3.5 STONE PLACEMENT

3.5.1 Filter Stone for Breakwaters and Beach Revetment

3.5.1.1 Consolidation of Filter Stone

3.5.2 Core/Bedding Stone

3.5.2.1 Compaction of Core/Bedding Stone

3.5.3 Placement

3.5.3.1 Armor Stone (3-5T and 1.5-3T), Assumed S.G.=2.65

3.6 SLIDES and EROSION

3.7 TOLERANCES

ATTACHMENTS:

Attachment A

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 2

Attachment A

-- End of Section Table of Contents --

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 3

SECTION 35 31 19.45 03

STONE MATERIALS AND PLACEMENT

07/2012

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE

This section covers stone materials, fill and placement; suppliers, submittals for Government approval or information, and quality control tasks as they relate to production of stone for the project. For purposes of this Contract Stone Materials includes stone, gravel, aggregate crushed concrete and rubble fill.

1.2 REFERENCES

The following publications of the issues listed below, but referred to thereafter by basic designation only, form a part of this specification to the extent indicated by reference thereto:

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM C127 (2007) Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate

ASTM C295/C295M (2011) Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete

ASTM C42/C42M (2011) Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete

ASTM D4992 (2007) Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control

ASTM D5312 (2004) Evaluation of Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Under Freezing and Thawing Conditions

ASTM C535 (2009) Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine

ASTM C88 (2005) Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate

ASTM D 5313 (2004) Evaluation of Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Under Wetting and Drying Conditions

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 4

ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (IDOT)

IDOT (2007) Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction; and current Supplemental Specifications and Recurring Special Provisions

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (USACE)

EM 1110-2-1003 (2004) Hydrographic Surveying

1.3 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only or as otherwise designated. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. The following shall be submitted in accordance with SECTION

01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-03 Product Data

Stone Source; G,*DG*

For each gradation of stone material it proposes to furnish, the Contractor shall, at least 60 days in advance of using a source, designate in writing one or a combination of sources intended for use. The submission of information for all proposed stone source(s) shall include: (1) areas and lifts of the quarry or pit to be worked, (2) the specific geological formation and stratum or strata to be utilized, (3) available laboratory testing records, (4) bulk specific gravity range, and (5) completed projects constructed of the same stone to be furnished. For each type of stone material the Contractor proposes to furnish, the Contractor shall, at least 60 calendar days in advance of using a source, designate in writing the proposed source(s). The Contractor may also propose other sources as specified. Special requirements for approval of such sources are specified. If a proposed non-listed source is disapproved, the Contractor shall select a source from the list in Attachment A and submit the required data for that replacement source(s). In addition to *DG* other parties who will be reviewing the report will be CN, Great Lakes field representative.

Stone Materials Control (SMC) Plan; G,*DG*

The Contractor shall submit a written Stone Materials Control (SMC) Plan that describes the means and methods to be used for production, handling, transporting and placement and the effective inspection of material quality and gradation testing of stone materials in a manner which will result in a satisfactory quality of in-place stone construction. Written procedures shall be included for guiding and instructing the Contractor's SMC inspectors and construction workers in the techniques and criteria to be used for examining stone for acceptability and for the proper production gradation, handling, transporting, and placement of stone. Procedures shall be described for tracking armor stones used in conducting gradation tests, and for reporting the performance and results of the tests on Quality Control reports.

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 5

Procedures shall be described for monitoring and recording the dates and locations of stone blasting, and tracking and documenting that furnished stone complies with the applicable quarrying period and curing restrictions, if any. This submittal shall be made not less than Thirty (30) calendar days in advance of the date stone materials are to be shipped from the source .

The stone material control plan submittal shall designate a Stone Material Control Field Supervisor (SMCFS) who shall be responsible for implementation of all functions of the stone material control program. The stone material control plan submittal shall also include a sample daily SMC QC inspection report, which shall be used during stone material production. The SMCFS shall not have collateral project duties or responsibilities assigned by the Contractor except those specified in the stone material control plan submittal. If the prime Contractor acquires stone products required for this project through a subcontractor, the SMCFS shall not be an employee of the subcontracted company or subcontracted corporation producing the stone material or products. Government approval of the submittal will not be provided until after the contractor has produced satisfactory set of Pre-Production Reference Stones, but not later than five (5) calendar days after all the requirements for the Pre-Production Reference Stones have been met, including the Contractor's laboratory testing results and prior stone source submittal. In addition to *DG* other parties who will be reviewing the report will be CN, Great Lakes field representative.

Revision of SMC Plan or Inspection Staffing; G,*DG*

If the Contractor elects to initiate a proposal to revise the SMC plan, the Contractor shall submit the proposed revision not later than (7) days prior to the date it proposes to implement the revision and shall not implement the revision prior to the COR's approval. Changes to SMC inspector staffing levels or employees shall likewise be submitted for approval. Government required revisions of the SMC plan or Contractor staffing shall follow the procedures prescribed elsewhere in this Section. In addition to DG, other parties who will be reviewing the report will be CN, Great Lakes field representative.

SMC Field Supervisor Qualifications; G,*DG*

The Contractor shall submit the name(s) and evidence that the Stone Material Control Field Supervisor (SMCF) is a Graduate Geologist (minimum Bachelor's Degree) with not less than two years experience in geology and stone inspection; or is a Licensed Professional Geologist with not less than one year experience in stone inspection; or is an experienced SMCF supervisor with a minimum three years experience in stone inspection. This experience shall be in assessing stone quality for the size and type of armor stone and other stone specified in the contract, and in the project conditions to which the stone will be subjected.

The SMCF Supervisor shall be responsible for preparing a daily SMC inspection report for the proper execution of the SMC plan, and shall oversee the work of all SMC inspectors. This submittal shall include data on applicable experience (names and locations of projects), training (names and locations of courses) and education (names and locations of schools, with names addresses and phone numbers of references for verification of each item of

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 6 data. This submittal shall be made not less than 30 days in advance of the date stone materials are to be shipped from the source. Government approval of the submittal will not be provided until after the Contractor has produced satisfactory Pre-Production Reference Stones, but not later than 5 calendar days after all the requirements for the Pre-Production Reference Stones have been met, including Government laboratory testing if applicable. In addition to DG, other parties who will be reviewing the report will be CN, Great Lakes field representative.

SD-05 Design Data

Displacement Gauge Installation Data; G,CN

Complete information on the stone hauling vessel gauge installation shall be submitted.

Gauging Table Data

Furnish certified stone hauling vessel gauging tables and a copy of the data and calculations used for the preparation of the tables.

Equipment Data;

Prior to starting work, a list of all equipment, tools, machines, including their sizes, capacities and operating speeds, to be used in the performance of the work shall be submitted. All the plant shall be maintained in satisfactory working condition at all times.

Pre-placement Survey Data; G,CN

A copy of the record of the Pre-placement survey shall be submitted within thirty (30) calendar after the survey.

Check Survey Data; G,CN

A copy of the record of each check survey shall be submitted within one (1) workday after the survey.

SD-06 Test Reports

Stone and Fill test results; G,CN

SMC Reports

During all SMC activities, the Contractor shall submit daily reports of all work performed under the approved SMC plan. The reports shall be delivered to the COR not later than the day following the SMC activity. An example daily report format is included in this specification as [Attachment-B]:

Each daily report for each inspector shall include not less than the following information:

a. SMC Inspector's name.

b. Identification of the stone handling equipment during all phases of the work, and the name(s) of equipment operator(s) used to accommodate the stone inspection, if it appeared that the

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 7 equipment or operator was a factor in producing unacceptable stone.

c. Date of stone inspection.

d. Weather conditions including temperature.

e. Temperature and date stone was removed from quarry face, and date and details of blasting, if applicable.

f. Location and strata within quarry where stone removal took place (horizontally and vertically).

g. Color(s) and character(s) used by inspector for spray paint marks and the applicable code for stones which are individually sorted (versus mechanically sorted) and for any rejected stone.

h. Breakdown of the approximate quantity, per gradation range, of accepted and rejected stone processed for the project during the day, and the disposition of the rejected stone materials.

i. A summary of the cause or causes for most of the rejections of stone occurring during the day.

j. Running total of the quantity of each gradation range of stone shipped from the source to date.

k. Running average of the approximate per stone weight per gradation range for stones, which are individually picked for the project, i.e. excludes stones graded by use of a screen or grizzly.

SD-07 Certificates

Weigh Scale Certification; G,CN

If an on-site scale is used, prior to the use thereof, submit details on the location and construction of the scale and a copy of the certification of the scale's accuracy from the local weights and measures regulating agency.

Certified Weight Scale Tickets

A copy of each weigh bill, including certification of exact weight, time of weighing and delivery and certification of proper placement in the work shall be submitted within one (1) work day after weighing.

Redesign Data; G,*DG*

If the Contractor proposes to utilize stone having a specific gravity outside of the specific design range, and as a result thereof, the Government provides the Contractor with a redesign, the Contractor shall, within fifteen (15) calendar days after receipt of the Government's redesign, submit its formal proposal to perform the work in accordance with the redesign. The submittal shall include a statement of the direct savings to the Government and tabulation in the form of a revised "BIDDING SCHEDULE" showing unchanged unit prices for the revised quantities. In addition to DG other parties who will be reviewing the report will be DH (Hydraulic Engineering Section) and CN

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 8

(field representative).

Bulk Specific Gravity of Stone; G,*DG*

At least 30 calendar days in advance of shipment of stone to the work site, submit a copy of bulk specific gravity (ASTM C127) test results for each type of armor stone to be furnished. The information shall be furnished prior to preparation of the Pre-Production Reference Stones. In addition to DG, other parties who will be reviewing the report will be CN, field representative.

Stone Placement Records;

At the time of completion of stone placement operations, the Contractor shall prepare a document that graphically shows, for each layer of stone, the source of the stone for each reach and the time periods during which it was quarried and during which it was placed. Attachments to the document shall include a copy of the Contractor's gradation data and test results for each gradation range as well as a copy of the Government's evaluation and test results that will have been furnished to the Contractor.

1.4 PRE-PRODUCTION QUALITY CONTROL

1.4.1 Material Quality

Before selecting a source for preparation of Pre-Production Reference Stones, the Contractor shall receive approval from the Contracting Officer.

1.4.2 Armor Stone Pre-Production Reference Stones

Following submittal of the Contractor's SMC plan and the Contractor's selection of a source for new stone, but prior to the Government's approval of a source and the SMC plan, the Contractor shall make arrangements to provide a set of Pre-Production Reference Stones. The SMC Inspector or SMCF supervisor shall select the Pre-Production Reference Stones for the approval of the Contracting Officer. The Pre-Production Reference Stones shall be located at the source of the stone and be laid out in windrow fashion. At least 10 Pre-Production Reference Stones for each type of armor stone to be furnished under this contract shall be provided. The Pre-Production Reference Stones shall be representative of the areas, geologic units, faces, and lifts within the quarry from which the stone will be furnished; of the quality of stone to be furnished; and of the weight within the specified size range, for each type of armor stone. The Contractor shall also make arrangements to provide stones having each type of unacceptable feature set aside at the quarry as examples of unacceptable stone that shall not be shipped.

Acceptable stones shall have been marked with spray paint on three mutually perpendicular sides with a coded mark to denote acceptability for a certain size range. The representative unacceptable stones shall be marked with a "red X" as examples of unacceptable materials or shapes.

1.4.3 Evaluation of Pre-Production Reference Stones

The Contractor shall notify the COR when the Pre-Production Reference Stones are ready for evaluation. The Contractor's SMCFS and all SMC inspectors shall accompany the COR during the Government's evaluation of the Pre-Production Reference Stones. The Contractor shall arrange to have

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 9 individual stones to be free from any dust or mud covering the faces and turned as necessary to accommodate the COR's evaluation. The Contractor shall make available a source of water for use in the inspection and evaluation of the Pre-Production Reference Stones. The COR will mark unacceptable stones with a "red X". If 20 % or more of the stones within a set of Pre-Production Reference Stones are found to be unacceptable, the Contractor shall replace the unacceptable stones from available inventory for re-inspection, as soon as possible. If after a total of three attempts, the Contractor is unable to present an acceptable set of Pre-Production Reference Stones, the source shall be disapproved for this contract. The Contractor shall then be required to submit a new source for approval. In addition the Contractor shall submit the name and qualifications for a person to replace the SMC supervisor. The Contractor may, of its own accord, choose a replacement source at the time the first or second set of Pre-Production Reference Stones are found to be unacceptable. The replacement of stones for sets of Pre-Production Reference Stones or replacing of stone sources, shall be at no additional cost to the Government and with no change in the required completion period for this contract.

1.4.4 Approval of Pre-Production Reference Stones

The COR will make an acceptance determination of the Pre-Production Reference Stones based on visual inspection and laboratory testing, conducted in accordance with applicable paragraphs of this Section of the Specifications. The Contractor will be notified in writing within 10 working days of a finding by the COR that the Pre-Production Reference Stones, SMC Plan, and SMC staff are acceptable. The Contractor may then proceed with production of materials for this contract, provided the materials are consistent with the accepted Pre-Production Reference Stones. If the Pre-Production Reference Stones are not accepted, the COR will notify the Contractor in writing within 10 working days of the inspection.

1.4.5 Availability of Pre-Production Reference Stones

The acceptable Pre-Production Reference Stones and unacceptable stones as determined during the inspection by the Contracting Officers Representative shall remain unaltered at the quarry as quality and size examples throughout the duration of shipping stone for this contract.

1.5 QUALITY CONTROL STAFFING

1.5.1 Qualifications and Duties of Stone Materials Control Field (SMCF) Supervisor

The SMCF supervisor shall have the minimum qualifications and experience as specified in the SUBMITTALS paragraph of this specification. The SMCF supervisor shall be responsible for the proper execution of the SMC plan and shall oversee the work of all SMC inspectors. The SMCF supervisor shall be on the site of the stone source at all times that stone production; handling, hauling or placement is taking place, unless otherwise approved by the Contracting Officer's Representative. The SMCF supervisor shall train the SMC inspectors in the proper performance of their duties, offer advice and assistance to the inspectors, and may, if necessary, perform duties also applicable to SMC inspectors. The SMCF Supervisor shall maintain a qualified and adequate inspection staff and shall replace any persons not performing satisfactorily. The SMCF supervisor shall be responsible for the quality of all stone Material.

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 10

1.5.2 Qualifications and Duties of SMC Inspectors

The SMC inspectors shall be persons with sufficient training and a minimum of one-year experience to competently and independently perform the tasks itemized below while under the general supervision of the SMC field supervisor.

a. Participate in the selection of stone for the Pre-Production Reference Stones and in the evaluation of the stones.

b. Complete and submit daily inspection reports in a timely manner.

c. Perform visual inspections of all stone, with particular attention given to individually picked stones (i.e. stones not graded with a screen or grizzly). The examination shall focus on stone quality, fractures, stone geology, and other detrimental features that may cause the stone to deteriorate into smaller pieces after it is in place in the work. Inspection duties also include identifying and marking pieces that do not meet the criteria for acceptability, including size and shape. Unacceptable stones shall be marked with a spray painted red "X".

d. Place an identifying paint spray mark or marks on each acceptable individually picked armor stone. Unless otherwise directed, one mark shall be placed on each of the 3 axes of a stone.

e. Assure that the Contractor places the accepted pieces of stone into the appropriate stockpiles and placement locations in accordance with the respective gradation ranges.

f. Observe and note operations of the quarry, transportation and handling of stone and report any observed practices, handling methods or equipment that might have deliterious effects on the durability or acceptability of the stone. Report such observations to the Contractor and the COR, where appropriate.

g. Assure that rejected stone materials are either placed in a "reject" stockpile, or are removed from the site immediately after they are so marked. Rejected stones shall not be mingled with accepted stones at any time.

h. Conduct scheduled and impromptu stone gradation tests and evaluations and make elongation and size measurements.

i. Maintain a running average of each stone weight per gradation range for individually picked armor stones as they are transported from the source.

1.6 QUALITY CONTROL

1.6.1 General

The Contractor shall establish and maintain quality control for all work performed at the quarry or quarries and the job site under this Section to assure compliance with contract requirements. It shall maintain records of its quality control tests, inspections and corrective actions. Quality control measures shall cover all materials, equipment, tests and

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 11 construction operations including but not limited to the following:

a. Placement of all materials to the slope and grade lines shown on the contract drawings and in accordance with this Section of the specifications.

b. Compaction effort before placing succeeding layers of fill stone.

c. Conducting all operations in compliance with the requirements of

SECTION 01 57 20.01 03, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FOR ILLINOIS.

d. Observance of safety regulations.

1.6.2 Records

A copy of the waste manifests, receipts, records of inspections and tests, as well as records of any corrective action taken, shall be furnished to the Contracting Officer's Representative in accordance with SECTION

01 45 00.00 03, "QUALITY CONTROL".

1.6.3 Pre-Placement Survey

The Contractor shall perform and submit for the approval of the COR pre-placement surveys of the existing lake bottom and shoreline surfaces prior to but not more than 30 days in advance of placing stone fill. As a minimum, surveys shall be performed in accordance with the survey requirements except sonic surveying methods may be used below water as and where approved by the Contracting Officer’s Representative. The final product shall be a three dimensional, digital model and shall be compatible with the latest version of Microstation by Bentley Systems Incorporated.

1.6.4 Check Surveys

Surveys made by the Contractor will be required on each material placed for determining that the materials are acceptably placed in the work. The Contractor shall perform and submit for the approval of the COR surveys of the existing lake bottom prior to but not more than 15 days in advance of placing stone materials. The Contractor shall make checks as the work progresses to verify lines, grades and layer thickness established for completed work. At least one (1) check survey shall be made by the Contractor as specified below for each twenty-five (25) foot section as soon as practicable after completion. Following placement of each type of material, the cross section of each step of the work shall be approved by the C.O.R. before proceeding with the next step of the work. Approval of cross sections based on check surveys shall not constitute final acceptance of the work. Cross sections shall be taken by the Contractor on lines twenty-five (25) feet apart, measured along the structure reference line, with readings at five (5) foot intervals and at breaks along the lines.

However, other cross section spacings and reading intervals may be used if determined appropriate by the Contracting Officer's Representative.

Additional elevations and soundings shall be taken, as the Contracting Officer's Representative may deem necessary or advisable. The surveys shall be conducted in the presence of the Contracting Officer's Representative, unless the Contracting Officer's Representative waives this requirement.

1.6.4.1 Below Water

For portions of the work that are under water, sounding surveys shall be performed by means of a sounding basket weighing approximately 8-1/2 pounds, which has a base measuring twelve (12) inches in diameter.

Measurements shall be accurate to 0.2 feet or less. Work shall be in

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 12 accordance with EM 1110-2-1003.

1.6.4.2 Gage Board

The gage shall be checked prior to and during each survey. The Contractor shall install a gage board at the project site and be responsible for its care and maintenance throughout the contract period.

1.6.4.3 Predetermined Transit Angle Method or Ranges Method:

The interval between predetermined angles or ranges along a sounding line shall not exceed 200 feet along the entire length of the sounding line. No predetermined angle shall form an intersection with the sounding line of less than 45 degrees.

1.6.4.4 Checking Gage

The gage shall be checked periodically during the survey and the reading recorded in the field notes along with the time of day.

1.7 MEASUREMENT

1.7.1 New Stone and Crushed Concrete/Rubble Fill

Stone placed for the construction of breakwaters will be measured for payment by the TON of placed and accepted material.

1.7.2 Tolerance Limits

Material placed beyond the tolerance limits will not be paid for. The method of determining the quantity of material placed beyond tolerance limits will be made in accordance with subparagraph 1.7.5, "Determination of Excess Stone." Any material wasted or used by the Contractor for other purposes and any material not placed in the required work in accordance with the requirements of the specifications and drawings will not be measured or paid for.

1.7.3 Method of Determining Weight with Delivery by Vessel or Barge

1.7.3.1 Gauges

If stone is delivered by vessel or barge, the carrier shall be fitted with gauges or such other facilities for determining displacement as may be required by, or be satisfactory to the Contracting Officer's Representative, by the Contractor at its own expense prior to use in connection with this work. Carriers, which owing to their model or other cause cannot be accurately gauged for displacement, shall not be used on this work. Gauges shall be graduated to the tenth of a foot, or to other suitable unit approved by the Contracting Officer's Representative. They shall be six (6) in number and shall be located as follows: two (2) near each end on opposite sides, and two (2) amidships on opposite sides. The gauges shall be attached solidly to the hull itself, and wherever practicable, shall be located inside the hull. If located inside the hull, provisions shall be made for the free passage of the outside water to a vertical tube and for the ready measurement of the depth of the water within the tube. If located outside on wood hulls, the gauges shall be protected by solid fenders or be recessed into the planking, or if on steel hulls, the gauge marks may be placed directly on the plates and identified by punch marks. Gauges shall be so placed that their zeros are below water

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 13 when the carrier is in its normal trim, light and free from water. The installation of the gauges shall be subject to the approval of the Contracting Officer's Representative. The Contracting Officer's Representative shall be notified a minimum of five (5) days prior to installation of gauges.

1.7.3.2 Gauging Tables

To facilitate the determination of the weight of each load, an updated, certified gauging table for each carrier employed shall be prepared by an accredited agent satisfactory to the Contracting Officer's Representative.

The gauging table shall show the cargo weight, in tons of 2,000 pounds, for each unit of measurement of the draft. If the lines of the carrier are such that the cubic feet of displacement for each measured unit of draft can be accurately calculated, the gauging table shall be based upon the data, using 62.4 pounds as the weight of one (1) cubic foot of water. If the lines of the carrier to be gauged are such as to render impracticable the preparation of the gauging table by the above described method, the weight for each unit of draft shall be determined by measurement of displacement by actually loading stone of known weight. The weight thus obtained shall be entered in the table for use in subsequent gaugings. If alterations are made in any carrier that will affect the accuracy of the gauging table, after it has been prepared, or if otherwise deemed necessary at any time by the Contracting Officer's Representative (C.O.R.), the carrier shall be remeasured, and a new gauging table prepared. Existing stone placed in lieu of new stone is excluded from measurement for payment for new stone.

1.7.3.3 Reading of Draft Gauges

Readings to determine the draft will be taken before and after unloading, and the difference in tonnage thus found (i.e. the difference between displacements loaded and light) will be used to determine the net weight to be paid. The draft shall be determined from the average of all six (6) readings, weighting the readings of the middle gauges at double those of the end gauges. The Contracting Officer's Representative or the designated Contracting Officer's Representative shall be present at all draft gauge readings.

1.7.3.4 Uniform Loading

The carrier shall be so loaded as to cause uniform submergence. The increase in draft on the middle gauges, as a result of the load, shall not differ by more than 0.5 feet from each other, and that between any bow gauges and any stern gauges shall not differ more than 1.5 feet from each other. If such is not the case, the Contractor shall trim the carrier by shifting the stone until this limit is reached, before the stone will be accepted. If, however, the carriers proposed for use by the Contractor are so built that they cannot be loaded as prescribed, and yet can be calibrated accurately for displacement under varying loads, such other method of determination of displacement as may be approved by the Contracting Officer's Representative may be used.

1.7.3.5 Readings in Still Water

All measurements for determining gauging table data and for load depths shall be made in still water as close to the work as is possible. The Contractor is required to place the carriers where such measurements can be accurately made.

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 14

1.7.3.6 Leaks

All carriers used in transporting stone shall be free of leaks such as would render accurate gauging difficult. Facilities for inspecting the hold of each carrier to determine whether leakage is occurring shall be provided. Each carrier shall also be provided with adequate pumping facilities, and if water is found to be accumulating in the hold, the carrier shall be pumped dry before each gauging, both before and after unloading.

1.7.3.7 Variations During Unloading Operations

Lightening by pumping or by transfer of crews or supplies will not be permitted while stone is being discharged. Should any lightening become necessary, the unloading of stone shall be suspended and the load marks shall be taken in such manner as to insure the Government against loss from the cause.

1.7.3.8 Carrier Designations

Each carrier shall be plainly marked by a distinctive number, letter, or name, which shall not be changed or given to any other carrier during the contract period.

1.7.3.9 Verification of Measurements

The readings, other data, and calculations from which the gauging table and the tonnage are determined will be open to verification by the Contractor and shall be subject to the approval of the Contracting Officer's Representative. The Contractor is invited to be present in person or to be represented by an authorized agent during the measuring of carriers. When the displacements of the carriers are determined or redetermined, a record of allowed displacement for quantity determination shall be sent to the Contractor. If the Contractor protests within five (5) days, the carrier will be remeasured and the Contractor must be present in person or be represented by an accredited agent so that correct measurements can be agreed upon. The Contractor will be given the weight of each load, as it is determined. Failure to protest within five (5) days will be taken as equivalent to expressing satisfaction with the measurements and weight of stone determined by the Contracting Officer's Representative.

1.7.3.10 Carriers Not Measured

In case any stone is delivered by carriers not measured for displacement and marked as herein described, the Contractor shall, at its own expense, furnish means for properly and conveniently weighing such stone at the work site.

1.7.4 Method of Determining Weight with Delivery by Truck

The method of measurement for determining the weight of stone materials delivered by truck shall be certified weigh bills provided by the Contractor. Weigh bills and the scales used for weighing of trucks and materials contained therein shall, unless otherwise approved by the Contracting Officer's Representative, conform to the following requirements:

a. Scales shall conform to the requirements of the NBS Handbook H44. The tolerance applications of the Handbook, as applicable to under registration

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 15 and over registration and to tests involving digital indications or representations, shall apply. A scale shall not be used for weighing a load totaling more than the nominal capacity marked on the scale by the manufacturer. Any portion of the load in excess of the nominal scale capacity will not be considered for payment.

(1) The accuracy of the scale shall be checked. When a State scale inspector is not immediately available for checking the scale, the Contractor may at its own expense, secure a check from a local official sealer of weights and measures. Alternatively, the Contracting Officer's Representative may give tentative approval, based on check truckloads weighed on other scales which bear an official seal placed in the current calendar year.

b. The total weight of a single highway vehicle shall be weighed as a single draft and shall not be determined by adding together the results obtained by separately weighing each end of such vehicle except that weighing of a coupled combination may be determined without uncoupling under the following conditions:

(1) The brakes are released.

(2) There is no tension or compression on the drawbar.

(3) The approaches are straight and in the same level plane as the scale platform.

(4) The approaches are paved at least fifty (50) feet in each direction with a seal coat or higher type surfacing.

(5) The approaches are of sufficient width and length to ensure level positioning of vehicles during the weighing operation.

c. When a printout system is employed on a platform or surge bin scale, it shall be equipped with a printer that shall print the following information on a triplicate ticket for each truckload:

(1) Time,

(2) Date,

(3) Sequential ticket number (may be preprinted on the ticket),

(4) Gross Weight,

(5) Tare Weight (trucks shall be tare weighed at least twice daily),

(6) Net Weight,

(7) Net accumulated job daily total, and

(8) Truck identification number,

d. The system shall be so interlocked as to allow printing only when the scale has come to a complete rest.

1.7.4.1 Scales

For scales not equipped with the print-out system, as stated above, weigh bills shall contain the same or equivalent data as specified for the print-out system. Weigh bills, including printouts, shall be certified by the signature of the scale operator, who shall attest that the information shown on the weigh bill is correct and is the weight(s) observed on the scale at the time of weighing. Each weigh bill shall also be certified by the Contractor attesting that the entire load was properly placed in the work, and shall show the time and date of weighing and the time and date of unloading. Each truck shall be plainly marked by a distinctive number, letter, or name, which shall not be changed or given to any other truck during the contract period. The Government reserves the right to periodically inspect the weighing operations at the scales.

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 16

1.7.4.2 On-Site Scales

On-site scales shall be certified by the applicable local weights and measures regulating agency and shall be as approved by the Contracting Officer's Representative. Scales shall be of the recording type and of the size required to weigh the materials and containers or vehicles. The scale shall include a housing for the instruments and scale operator, with heat, lighting and ventilation.

1.7.5 Determination of Excess Stone

All stone permitted by the Contracting Officer's Representative to remain outside the limits and tolerances of a cross section of the structures will be deducted from the quantity to be paid for. Volume of excess stone will be computed using the average end area of excess above and below the tolerance line for two successive cross sections, multiplied by the distance between the cross sections. The volume so computed for each type of stone shall be converted to weight using the actual average stone specific gravity and percent voids. Measurements for cross sections shall be obtained. Stone which has been delivered to the site and has been lost or wasted or otherwise not properly incorporated into the final work, shall be deducted from the quantity to be paid for.

1.7.5.1 Excess Stone Surveys

The Government will perform volume computations. The Contractor will perform surveys. Cross section surveys will be taken perpendicular to the axis of the structures. Elevations and soundings will be taken on even twenty-five (25) foot stationing measuring along the structure reference line, with the readings at five (5) foot intervals, and at breaks in the grade along the line for a range length no less than 25 feet beyond the toe of armor stone at each station, beginning at the baseline. Other survey intervals and readings may be used if deemed appropriate or advisable by the Contracting Officer's Representative. Additional cross sections, elevations and soundings may be taken if determined necessary by the Contracting Officer's Representative. The Contracting Officer's Representative will make determination of quantities and having once been made, will not be reopened, except on evidence of collusion, fraud or obvious error. Prior to any work under this Section, the Contractor shall coordinate all operations with the Contracting Officer's Representative so that excess volume surveys will be made at the appropriate time. The surveys made under Subparagraph, "Check Surveys" may be used when deemed appropriate by the Contracting Officer's Representative, as part of the surveys required herein.

1.7.6 Conversion Factors of In-Place Volume to Bid Quantities

The following factors were used in converting the in-place volume to the quantities shown in the BIDDING SCHEDULE.

Stone Material Specific Gravity Percent Voids Armor Stone 2.65 30% (3-5T, 1.5-3T) Type A-Stone 2.65 30% (A4 and A5) Filter Stone 2.65 30% Core Stone 2.65 30% Bedding Stone 2.65 30%

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 17

1.7.6.1 Revised Quantities

The estimated quantities of Armor Stone (3-5T and 1.5-3T), Type A-stone (A4 and A5), Filter stone, Core Stone and Bedding stone listed in the BIDDING SCHEDULE were computed on the basis of stone having a specific gravity (saturated surface dry (SSD) basis) of 2.65 based on water having a unit weight of 62.4 pounds per cubic foot. When the specific gravity (SSD) of the Type A-stone to be used in the work is between and including 2.60 and 3.0, the estimated quantities will be revised by multiplying them by the fraction that results when the specific gravity (SSD) of the stone is divided by 2.65. The quantities will be revised by using the average value of the specific gravity test results. The revised quantities will then be the quantities from which the allowable fifteen percent (15%) variation in quantity will be determined.

1.7.6.2 Modifications to Specific Gravity

If the average specific gravity (SSD) of the Armor Stone (3-5T and 1.5-3T), Type A-stone (A4 and A5), Filter Stone, Core Stone, and Bedding Stone to be used in the work is between 2.60 and 3.0, but is other than 2.65, the Contracting Officer will issue a modification in accordance with SECTION I CLAUSE entitled "CHANGES" to adjust the estimated quantities.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 STONE MATERIALS

2.1.1 General

The materials to be furnished shall meet all requirements specified in this Section of the specification. Materials which have been delivered to the project site and are rejected, whether in stockpile or in place in the structure, shall be removed from the project site at the Contractor's expense. All rejected material shall be returned to the source at the Contractor's expense.

2.1.2 Material Quality

2.1.2.1 General

All stone materials shall be of a quality to insure permanence of the structure in the climate in which it is to be used. Off-site sources of stone listed in Attachment A have shown the ability to meet the requirements of these specifications. As indicated in paragraph 2.2.3, absence or inclusion on the list in Attachment A does not imply that the sources are or are not interested in or capable of producing the required quantity and quality of stone for this contract. Stone gradations shall be from stone sources approved in accordance with applicable paragraphs of this Section. Regardless of source, the stone shall be durable, sound, and free of features, which may tend to increase deterioration from natural causes or breakage during handling, transportation, or placement. These features may include, but are not limited to fractures, seams, vugs, bedding, stylolites, planes of separation, weathering, argillaceous material, and micaceous minerals. Inclusions of any dirt, sand, clay, shale, chert, oil and oil-stained stones and rock fines and bituminous or any organic or other deleterious material will not be permitted. Stone exhibitting vugs totaling not more than five (5) percent of the total surface area of any face and less than 4-inches in maximum diameter, provided that they are not aligigned along bedding planes or planes of

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 18 weakness will be acceptable, other provisions of this specification withstanding. All stone shall be highly resistant to weathering and disintegration under freeze / thaw and wetting / drying conditions.

2.1.2.2 Acceptability of Stone Materials

Aceptability is based on the criteria in this Section and as determined by the COR by visual inspections, evaluation of service records, and applicable laboratory test results. All off-site materials shall meet the minimum quality requirements listed in Table 1 below, based on field examination and applicable laboratory testing. Laboratory results shall be representative of the same lithologic unit as the corresponding stones or materials. Laboratory test results shall be from a Government or Government-approved laboratory capable of handling sample sizes described in the subscript of Table 1, and shall be less than 5 years old at the time of submittal, unless otherwise accepted by the COR. If test results are more than 5 years old, or are not representative of the material proposed under this Contract, the COR may select samples from the Pre-Production Reference Stones or materials designated by the Contractor as proposed sources, and direct the Contractor to have selected stones tested at no additional cost to the Government by a Government or Government-approved laboratory in accordance with the requirements of Table 1, below. Field and Laboratory tests to which the material may be subjected are listed in the paragraph titled REFERENCES. The COR may waive the requirement for laboratory testing of stone, based on the results of visual inspections and service records in projects similar to this project. Under no circumstances will the Contractor be allowed a Contract extension for the time necessary to evaluate materials for acceptability.

TABLE 1

Criteria for Stone Quality

Test Test Method Acceptance Criteria Specific Gravity(3) ASTM C127 2.6 - 3.0 Absorption ASTM C127 <1 percent and >3 percent Los Angeles Abrasion(2) ASTM C535 < 20 percent loss after 500 revolutions Sodium Sulfate Soundness(4) ASTM C88 < 5 percent loss after 5 cycles Freeze-Thaw(1),(2) ASTM D5312 < 2 percent loss after 35 cycles Wetting-Drying(1),(2) ASTM D 5313 < 2 percent loss after 80 cycles Petrographic(2) ASTM C295/C295M No deleterious Examination materials or features allowed Field Examination(2) ASTM D4992 No deleterious materials or features allowed

SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 19

No detrimental discontinuities Compressive Strength(4) ASTM C42/C42M Minimum 4000 psi

(1) The minimum sample size for A-Stone shall be a stone of 2,000 pounds. Contractor shall ensure that the selected laboratory is government approved for the required capacity/equipment to allow for testing of this sample size. The minimum testing slab size dimension shall be 13 inch X 15inches X 2inches for designation ASTM D5312 and ASTM D 5313, and shall be cut perpendicular to the bedding planes within the stone.

(2) See paragraph entitled STONE SAMPLING AND LABORATORY TESTING for applicability of the tests.

(3) Stone having specific gravity outside the range of 2.6 to 3.0 is not acceptable without prior approval of the COR - see paragraph titled "Redesign Data" of this specification section. Reference paragraphs under "Material Quality" for further restriction on the geologic types of stone that are acceptable.

(4) Applies only to rubble fill concrete and stone

2.1.2.3 Armor Stone for Stone Breakwaters (3-5T and 1.5-3T)

Armor Stone for the stone breakwaters shall be from an off-site source and shall be consistent with the provisions of the Material Quality specifications above.

2.1.2.4 Armor Stone for Beach Revetments(A4 and A5)

Type A stone in this specification shall be from an off-site source and shall be consistent with IDOT Article 1005.01(b).

2.1.2.5 Filter Stone

Filter Stone used in the stone breakwaters as well as in the beach revetment structures shall be from an off-site source and shall be consistent with the provisions of the Material Quality specifications above. Text

2.1.2.6 Core Stone

Core Stone used in Stone breakwaters shall be from an off-site source and shall be consistent with the provisions of the Material Quality specifications above.

2.1.2.7 Bedding Stone

Bedding Stone used on the beach revetment structure shall be from an off-site sources and shall be consistent with the provisions of the Material Quality specifications above.

2.1.3 Proportional Dimension Limitation.

The maximum aspect ratio (greatest dimension: least dimension) of any piece of new stone for size ranges which are not graded with a screen or grizzly, SECTION 35 31 19.45 Page 20 shall be not greater than 3:1 when measured across three mutually perpendicular axes.