ufc_4_750_07 Aquatic Facilities.pdf

UFC 4-750-07F

100% Submittal - January 6, 2006

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC)

DESIGN: AQUATIC FACILITIES

NOT APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE: DRAFT

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA

AQUATIC FACILITIES

Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder.

HQ AIR FORCE SERVICES AGENCY (Preparing Activity)

Record of Changes (changes are indicated by \1\ ... /1/)

Change No. Date Location

This Unified Facility Criteria supersedes Air Force Pamphlet AFPAM 88-52 Swimming Pools dated 1984.

FOREWORD

The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the Department of Defense (DoD) Field Activities in accordance with USD(AT&L) Memorandum dated 29 May 2002. UFC will be used for all DoD projects and work for other customers, where appropriate.

UFC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed, updated, and made available to users as part of the Services’ responsibility for providing technical criteria for military construction. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE), Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC), and Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (AFCESA) are responsible for administration of the UFC system.

Defense agencies should contact the preparing service for document interpretation and improvements. Technical content of UFC is the responsibility of the cognizant DoD working group. Recommended changes with supporting rationale should be sent to the respective service proponent office by the following electronic form: Criteria Change Request (CCR). The form is also accessible from the Internet site listed below.

UFC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the Whole Building Design Guide website (http://dod.wbdg.org/)

Hard copies of UFC printed from electronic media should be checked against the current electronic version prior to use to ensure that they are current.

AUTHORIZED BY:

DONALD L. BASHAM, P.E.

Chief, Engineering and Construction U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

DR. JAMES W WRIGHT, P.E.

Chief Engineer Naval Facilities Engineering Command

KATHLEEN I. FERGUSON, P.E.

The Deputy Civil Engineer DCS/Installations & Logistics Department of the Air Force

DR. GET W. MOY, P.E.

Director, Installations Requirements and Management Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Installations and Environment) http://www.hnd.usace.army.mil/TECHINFO/UFC/052902_SignedUFCImplementationMemo.pdf http://www.hnd.usace.army.mil/TECHINFO/UFC/052902_SignedUFCImplementationMemo.pdf http://www.projnet.org/projnet/cms/public.html http://www.projnet.org/projnet/cms/public.html http://dod.wbdg.org/ i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION

1-1 PURPOSE ..............................................................................................1-1 1-2 SCOPE AND USE ..................................................................................1-1 1-3 ORGANIZATION ....................................................................................1-1 1-4 CANCELLATION ...................................................................................1-2 1-5 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSIBILITIES ..............................................1-2 1-6 DEFINITIONS .........................................................................................1-2 1-7 MISSION STATEMENT..........................................................................1-3 1-8 AQUATIC FACILITY CLASSIFICATIONS .............................................1-3 1-8.1 Outdoor Pools .......................................................................................1-3 1-8.2 Natatoriums (Indoor Pools)..................................................................1-3 1-9 OPERATIONAL IMPLICATIONS ...........................................................1-4

CHAPTER 2 - PLANNING AND PROGRAMMING

2-1 PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS............................................................2-1 2-1.1 Program Definition................................................................................2-1 2-1.2 Project Validation Assessment ...........................................................2-1 2-1.3 Operating Policies ................................................................................2-1 2-1.4 Programs and Activities.......................................................................2-1 2-1.5 Competitive Swimming ........................................................................2-2 2-1.6 Clothing Storage Options ....................................................................2-2 2-1.7 Supervision and Observation ..............................................................2-2 2-1.8 Check-In and Check-Out Procedures..................................................2-3 2-1.9 Scheduling ............................................................................................2-3 2-1.10 First Aid .................................................................................................2-3 2-1.11 Food and Beverage Service .................................................................2-3 2-2 SPACE ALLOCATION CRITERIA .........................................................2-3 2-2.1 Facility Size ...........................................................................................2-4 2-2.2 Table: Site Functional Area Space Allowances ................................2-5 2-2.3 Table: Building Functional Area Space Allowances.........................2-6 2-3 FACILITY REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................2-6 2-3.1 Occupancy Requirements....................................................................2-6 2-3.2 Core Functional Areas..........................................................................2-7 2-3.3 Figure: Core Functional Area Relationships ......................................2-7 2-4 SITE SELECTION ..................................................................................2-7 2-4.1 Site Size .................................................................................................2-8 2-4.2 Site Considerations ..............................................................................2-8 2-4.3 Site Access............................................................................................2-9 2-4.4 Site Utility Requirements .....................................................................2-9 2-4.5 Topography and Sub-Soil Conditions...............................................2-10 2-5 ACCESSIBILITY ..................................................................................2-10 ii

2-6 BUILDING CODES...............................................................................2-10 2-7 ANTITERRORISM/FORCE PROTECTION ..........................................2-11 2-8 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ........................................................2-11 2-8.1 Air Force Sustainability Requirements .............................................2-12 2-8.2 Energy and Water Conservation .......................................................2-12 2-9 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ................................................................2-12 2-9.1 EPA Guidelines ...................................................................................2-12 2-10 COST ESTIMATING.............................................................................2-13

2-11 MODIFICATION OF FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT ..........................2-13

2-11.1 New Code Compliance .......................................................................2-13 2-11.2 Renovation and Repairs.....................................................................2-14 2-11.3 Restoration and Preservation ............................................................2-14 2-11.4 Upgrades and Additions ....................................................................2-15

CHAPTER 3 - GENERAL DESIGN GUIDELINES

3-1 GENERAL ..............................................................................................3-1 3-1.1 Design Development ............................................................................3-1 3-1.2 General Design Process.......................................................................3-2 3-2 SITE DESIGN .........................................................................................3-2 3-2.1 External Circulation ..............................................................................3-3 3-2.2 Parking...................................................................................................3-3 3-2.3 Building Access ....................................................................................3-3 3-2.4 Zoning....................................................................................................3-3 3-2.5 Landscaping..........................................................................................3-3 3-2.6 Site Signage ..........................................................................................3-4 3-2.7 Sunlight and Glare Control ..................................................................3-4 3-2.8 Site Lighting ..........................................................................................3-4 3-3 WATER AREA DESIGN.........................................................................3-5 3-3.1 Pool Size and Capacity.........................................................................3-5 3-3.2 General Use Pool Size Standards .......................................................3-5 3-3.2.1 Figure: Example General Use Pool Layout........................................3-6 3-3.2.2 Figure: Example General Use Pool Section ......................................3-6 3-3.3 Diving and Deep Water Area Standards .............................................3-6 3-3.3.1 Figure: Diving Area Section Minimum Dimensions ..........................3-7 3-3.3.2 Table: Diving Area Minimum Dimensions ..........................................3-8 3-3.3.3 Figure: Diving Area Plan Minimum Dimensions ................................3-8 3-3.4 Shape, Slope, and Depth......................................................................3-8 3-3.4.1 Figure: Example Pool Configurations.................................................3-9 3-3.4.2 Zero Entry Depth Pools ........................................................................3-9 3-3.5 Pool Construction.................................................................................3-9 3-3.5.1 Metal Pools..........................................................................................3-10 3-3.6 Pool Finishes ......................................................................................3-10 3-3.7 Overflow Systems...............................................................................3-10 3-3.7.1 Figure: Overflow Rim Systems ..........................................................3-11 3-3.8 Circulation and Filter Systems ..........................................................3-12 iii

3-3.8.1 Recirculation System Minimum Requirements ................................3-12 3-3.8.2 Surge Tanks and Surge Control ........................................................3-13 3-3.8.2.1 Figure: Surge Tank and Pump Pit Diagram ......................................3-13 3-3.8.3 Motor Controls and Auxiliaries..........................................................3-13 3-3.8.4 Pumps..................................................................................................3-13 3-3.8.5 Flow Meters .........................................................................................3-14 3-3.8.6 Filters ...................................................................................................3-14 3-3.8.6.1 Figure: Multi-Cell High Rate Sand Filters .........................................3-14 3-3.8.7 Drains and Inlets .................................................................................3-15 3-3.8.8 Figure: Water Circulation Systems Schematic ................................3-16 3-3.9 Heating and Water Temperature........................................................3-16 3-3.10 Water Quality.......................................................................................3-17 3-3.11 Pool Lighting .......................................................................................3-17 3-3.11.1 Figure: Overhead Flood Lighting Criteria.........................................3-18 3-3.11.2 Underwater Lighting Criteria .............................................................3-18 3-3.11.3 Table: Underwater Lighting Criteria ..................................................3-19 3-4 POOL DECK DESIGN..........................................................................3-19 3-4.1 Deck Size and Capacity......................................................................3-19 3-4.1.1 Table: Minimum Clear Pool Deck Widths ........................................3-19 3-4.2 Slope and Drainage ............................................................................3-19 3-4.3 Materials and Surface Finishes .........................................................3-20 3-4.4 Spectator Seating ...............................................................................3-20

3-5 BATHHOUSE AND NATATORIUM DESIGN.......................................3-21

3-5.1 Natatorium Design ..............................................................................3-21 3-5.1.1 Vestibules and Airlocks .....................................................................3-22 3-5.2 Building Organization and Circulation..............................................3-22 3-5.3 Clothing Storage .................................................................................3-23 3-5.3.1 Locker Systems ..................................................................................3-23 3-5.3.2 Basket Systems ..................................................................................3-23 3-5.3.3 Table: Locker and Basket Storage Systems Comparison...............3-24 3-5.4 Pool Equipment Storage ....................................................................3-24 3-5.5 Surveillance and Security ..................................................................3-24 3-5.6 Architectural Character ......................................................................3-24 3-5.6.1 Figure: Architectural Character .........................................................3-25 3-6 INTERIOR DESIGN ..............................................................................3-25 3-6.1 Interior Finishes ..................................................................................3-25 3-6.2 Flooring ...............................................................................................3-26 3-6.3 Interior Walls .......................................................................................3-26 3-6.4 Ceilings................................................................................................3-26 3-6.5 Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment ..................................................3-26 3-6.6 Interior Signage ..................................................................................3-26 3-7 FACILITY SYSTEMS............................................................................3-26 3-7.1 Structural.............................................................................................3-27 3-7.2 Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)..........................3-27 3-7.2.1 Bathhouse Ventilation ........................................................................3-28 3-7.3 Plumbing .............................................................................................3-28 iv

3-7.4 Electrical..............................................................................................3-28 3-7.5 Fire Protection and Life Safety ..........................................................3-29 3-7.6 Communications and Data.................................................................3-29 3-7.7 Public Address System ......................................................................3-30 3-7.8 Interior Lighting ..................................................................................3-30 3-7.8.1 Table: Artificial Lighting Criteria .......................................................3-31 3-7.9 Alarm Systems ....................................................................................3-31

CHAPTER 4 - FUNCTIONAL AREA GUIDELINES

4-1 GENERAL ..............................................................................................4-1 4-2 SITE FUNCTIONAL AREA GUIDELINES..............................................4-1 4-2.1 Figure: Site Functional Area Relationships.......................................4-2 4-2.2 Non-Water Recreational Areas ............................................................4-2 4-2.3 Outdoor Showers..................................................................................4-3 4-2.4 Parking Areas........................................................................................4-3 4-2.5 Fences, Gates, and Wind Screens ......................................................4-3 4-2.6 Filtration, Circulation, and Heating Systems......................................4-4 4-2.7 Chemical Storage .................................................................................4-4 4-2.8 Service Drives and Emergency Vehicle Access ................................4-5 4-3 WATER AREA GUIDELINES.................................................................4-5 4-3.1 Lap and Competitive Swimming Areas...............................................4-6 4-3.2 Lane and Area Dividers ........................................................................4-6 4-3.3 Racing Lanes and Target Markings.....................................................4-6 4-3.3.1 Figure: Racing Lane Bottom Markings ..............................................4-7 4-3.3.2 Figure: Racing Lane Wall Targets ......................................................4-8 4-3.4 Diving and Deep Water Areas ..............................................................4-8 4-3.5 Diving Boards and Stands ...................................................................4-8 4-3.5.1 Figure: 1-Meter Diving Boards............................................................4-9 4-3.5.2 Figure: 3-Meter Diving Boards............................................................4-9 4-3.5.3 Special Diving Requirements ..............................................................4-9 4-3.6 Water Slides ..........................................................................................4-9 4-3.7 Play Structures and Equipment.........................................................4-10 4-3.8 Ladders and Grab Rails......................................................................4-10 4-3.9 Pool Steps and Ramps .......................................................................4-11 4-3.10 Spray Grounds ....................................................................................4-12 4-3.11 Wading Pools ......................................................................................4-12 4-3.12 Shallow Water Instruction and Assembly Areas..............................4-13 4-3.13 Accessible Ramps and Equipment ...................................................4-13 4-3.14 Bulkheads............................................................................................4-13 4-4 POOL DECK AREA GUIDELINES ......................................................4-14 4-4.1 Lifeguard Stations ..............................................................................4-14 4-4.1.1 Figure: 25-Meter Pool Suggested Lifeguard Station Locations.....4-15 4-4.1.2 Figure: 50-Meter Pool Suggested Lifeguard Station Locations.....4-16 4-4.2 Life Safety Equipment ........................................................................4-16 4-4.3 Depth Markings ...................................................................................4-16 4-4.4 Starting Platforms...............................................................................4-17 v

4-4.5 Automatic Timing Devices .................................................................4-17 4-4.6 Chairs, Tables, and Umbrellas...........................................................4-18 4-4.7 Sun Screens ........................................................................................4-18 4-4.8 Equipment Storage .............................................................................4-18 4-4.9 Locker Areas .......................................................................................4-19 4-4.10 Water Fountains..................................................................................4-19 4-4.11 Deck Signage ......................................................................................4-19

4-5 BATHHOUSES AND NATATORIUM AREA GUIDELINES .................4-19

4-5.1 Figure: Bathhouse Functional Area Relationships.........................4-20 4-5.2 Entry Control Checkpoints ................................................................4-20 4-5.2.1 Entry Control Checkpoint Area FF&E ...............................................4-20 4-5.2.2 Natatorium Lobbies ............................................................................4-20 4-5.3 Dressing Rooms .................................................................................4-21 4-5.3.1 Figure: Dressing Room with Locker Storage ..................................4-21 4-5.3.2 Figure: Dressing Room with Basket Storage ..................................4-22 4-5.3.3 Family Dressing Rooms .....................................................................4-22 4-5.3.4 Dressing Room FF&E .........................................................................4-22 4-5.4 Showers...............................................................................................4-23 4-5.5 Toilets and Urinals..............................................................................4-24 4-5.5.1 Table: Toilet and Urinal Fixture Criteria...........................................4-25 4-5.5.2 Public Toilets ......................................................................................4-25 4-5.5.3 Table: Public Toilet and Urinal Fixture Criteria ...............................4-25 4-5.6 Office and Administration Areas .......................................................4-25 4-5.6.1 Administration Office .........................................................................4-26 4-5.6.2 Staff Lounge ........................................................................................4-26 4-5.6.3 Training Rooms ..................................................................................4-26 4-5.7 First Aid Equipment and Supplies.....................................................4-26 4-5.8 Concession, Resale, and Vending Areas..........................................4-27 4-5.9 Mechanical Rooms .............................................................................4-27 4-5.10 Equipment Storage .............................................................................4-28 4-5.11 Maintenance Storage..........................................................................4-28 4-5.12 Custodial Closets ...............................................................................4-29

APPENDIX A - REFERENCES

A-1 GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS ..........................................................A-1 A-2 NON-GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS .................................................A-5 A-3 INDUSTRY ORGANIZATIONS ..............................................................A-6

A-4 COMPETITIVE SWIMMING ORGANIZATIONS ....................................A-6

APPENDIX B - REFERENCE DIAGRAMS

B-1 ILLUSTRATIVE DIAGRAMS..................................................................B-1

B-2 25-METER COMPETITIVE OUTDOOR AQUATIC FACILITY ...............B-2

B-3 25-METER RECREATIONAL OUTDOOR AQUATIC FACILITY ...........B-3

B-4 50-METER COMPETITIVE OUTDOOR AQUATIC FACILITY ...............B-4

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B-5 RECREATIONAL OUTDOOR AQUATIC FACILITY..............................B-5

B-6 25-METER NATATORIUM .....................................................................B-6

APPENDIX C - FIGURES AND TABLES

C-1 FIGURES............................................................................................... C-1 C-2 TABLES ................................................................................................ C-1

APPENDIX D - GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS

1-1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1-1 PURPOSE

Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) 4-750-07F, Design: Aquatic Facilities has been developed by the Air Force Services Agency (AFSVA) and provides guidelines for evaluating, planning, programming, and designing Air Force (AF) indoor and outdoor aquatic facilities. This UFC provides information and criteria for the design of facilities that support AF swimming and outdoor recreation programs. This UFC is intended to help change the historic attitude that swimming pools are essentially a “hole in the ground” for swimming by promoting innovative designs that are functional, economical, safe, aesthetically pleasing, and meet the expectations for modern aquatic facilities.

Each design should satisfy the unique requirements of each installation and at the same time be compatible with the local environment and specific site conditions. A customized individual solution to the particular needs of each project is the primary objective of this UFC.

1-2 SCOPE AND USE

Information provided by this UFC applies to the design of all aquatic facility construction projects, including additions, alterations, and renovation projects in the continental United States (CONUS) and overseas (OCONUS). It also applies to the procurement of design/build services for the above noted projects. This document is not intended to provide all of the information needed to identify project requirements or successfully prepare project designs. It is also not intended as a substitution during design for thorough review by individual program managers and operations staff. This UFC is to be utilized in conjunction with Department of Defense (DoD) criteria, AF specific documents, aquatic industry publications, and regulatory agencies, as required.

Additional information on the unique program and design requirements of local projects must be obtained at the installation level.

This UFC provides guidance for development of aquatic facilities appropriate to support local operations at individual AF installations and the AFSVA Golden Eagle Standards (GES) for aquatic facilities and swimming programs. This information may be used by architects/engineers (A/E), designers, base civil engineers (BCE), aquatic facility directors, Major Command (MAJCOM) and headquarters review personnel, and others involved in the development and approval of aquatic facility construction projects. It is intended to help all participants better understand AF aquatic facility requirements, programs, and design criteria so they can effectively participate in the project development process. Electronic versions of this UFC may be obtained from the AFSVA website in a portable document file (PDF) format that may be viewed online or downloaded for printing and off-line viewing.

1-3 ORGANIZATION

This UFC is organized to provide the data and guidance needed at each stage of the project development process. Alteration and renovation projects should update existing http://www-p.afsv.af.mil/FC/DesignGuides.htm http://www-p.afsv.af.mil/ http://www.dod.gov/ https://www-r.afsv.af.mil/ODR/Aquatics.htm http://www-p.afsv.af.mil/FC/DesignGuides.htm

1-2 facilities to meet this guidance and criteria within budgetary constraints. This document provides resources for determining program requirements, site evaluation and planning, overall facility design, and design of outdoor and indoor spaces. Functional relationship diagrams, site layouts, floor plans, and other illustrative information have been included to provide examples of the guidance provided in this UFC.

1-4 CANCELLATION

This UFC cancels and supersedes the Air Force document AFPAM 88-52 Swimming Pools, dated 1984.

1-5 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSIBILITIES

Air Force activities and A/E designers using this UFC are advised there are three levels of responsibility in the development of facility designs. First, there is the local installation that identifies the need for a new, modernized, or enlarged aquatic facility and initiates the project development process. Second, the Major Command (MAJCOM) is responsible for management of design and construction of their facilities.

Third, the AFSVA sets the standards for all AF swimming programs and determines the facilities and equipment required to perform the operations.

1-6 DEFINITIONS

Aquatic facilities may have a variety of different components depending upon the unique requirements for each facility. Below are some common definitions associated with major aquatic facility components:

• Swimming Pool: Any artificial basin of water constructed, installed, modified, or improved for the purpose of swimming, wading, diving, recreation, or instruction. It does not include pools designed to be used exclusively for military training or operations.

• Natatorium: An indoor or enclosed swimming pool.

• Spa: An artificial basin of water designed for recreational use and/or therapeutic use and is not drained, cleaned, and refilled for each individual. Spas may include hydro jet circulation, hot or cold water, air induction systems, or any combination thereof. It does not include pools used under the direct supervision of medical personnel. Spas are not included as part of this UFC.

• Wading Pool: A pool that is no more than 0.61 meter (24 inches) deep and intended to be used by young children.

• Spray Ground: An area that includes water spraying devices and other water related recreational equipment intended to be used by young children.

• Pool Deck: The concrete or hard surface area surrounding the pool water areas.

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• Bathhouse: A building that typically contains changing areas, restrooms, and locker areas. Bathhouses may also contain administrative, entry control, food service, storage, mechanical, and other related functions or areas.

1-7 MISSION STATEMENT

The mission statement for aquatic facilities at AF installations is to provide state-of-the-art aquatic facilities that support the programs and services to meet the professional and recreational needs of the base community, including active duty personnel (all U.S.

and host nation military), families, retirees, civilian employees, contractors, and other authorized users. Aquatic facilities at AF installations must be designed to support the AF mission and promote the morale, welfare, and recreation (MWR) programs and activities of the Outdoor Recreation Branch of the AFSVA. The mission objectives for AF aquatic facilities include the following priorities ranked by order of importance:

1) Fitness

2) Family Wellbeing

3) Unit and Community Cohesion

4) Individual Wellbeing

1-8 AQUATIC FACILITY CLASSIFICATIONS

Aquatic facilities are intended to provide a wide variety of swimming activities allowing maximum user participation that promotes physical fitness, health, training, and recreation. These new or renovated facilities shall also offer swimming programs that satisfy the leisure time needs and interests of AF personnel and their families with an optional provision for spectator entertainment. The programs to be considered include open swimming, diving, wading, sunbathing, lap swimming, swimming instruction, water safety instruction, life saving instruction, competitive swimming and diving, aquatic events involving spectators, aquatic instruction (like canoeing, kayaking, and scuba diving), pilot training for parachute landing in water, and pilot survival training. To support these objectives, the two general types of aquatic facility classifications include outdoor pools and natatoriums (indoor pools).

1-8.1 Outdoor Pools Outdoor aquatic facilities feature water areas, deck areas, and other public and support areas that are not contained within an enclosed structure. Most of these areas will include a bathhouse building and other structures that contain showers, restrooms, changing areas, and other staff or administrative areas. Portions of the water areas and pool deck should be covered by overhead sunscreens to provide protection from ultra-violet (UV) exposure.

1-8.2 Natatoriums (Indoor Pools) Natatoriums feature enclosed spaces for water areas, deck areas, and other public and support areas. These enclosures usually include showers, restrooms, changing areas, and other staff or administrative areas within the same building structure. Some indoor

1-4 pools have been created by erecting an enclosure for an existing outdoor facility to create an indoor environment. Natatoriums are permitted at installations where:

• The outdoor temperature or precipitation prohibits outdoor swimming from June 1 to September 1.

• Off-season swimming facilities are necessary for various types of instruction or exercise of the military population.

• It is important to provide certain aquatic activities regardless of the weather.

1-9 OPERATIONAL IMPLICATIONS

Procedures for installation level outdoor recreation programs, aquatic activities, operation, and maintenance of AF pools, including natatoriums, are provided in the following documents:

• AFI 34-268, AF Outdoor Recreation Programs and Procedures

• AFI 32-1067, Water Systems

• AFOSH 48-14, Swimming Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs, and Bathing Areas

• MIL-HDBK-1005/7A, Water Supply Systems

• UFC 3-230-02, Operations and Maintenance: Water Supply Systems

Operational and procedural issues must be considered during the design process because they have a direct impact on the function of each facility. For example, the size and configuration of a pool facility dictates specific staff and lifeguard requirements.

Most importantly, the users need to be included in the group of persons determining operational, procedural, and program requirements. The architect and other engineering consultants should be considered advisors to the base. Architects/ engineers (A/E), designers, base civil engineers (BCE), and others involved in the development and approval of aquatic facility construction projects must have a thorough understanding of the anticipated installation-specific programs and operational requirements.

http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/ http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/ http://www.afcesa.af.mil/userdocuments/publications/Afpublications/ces/cesc/1005_7A.pdf http://www.ccb.org/docs/UFC/3_230_02.pdf

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CHAPTER 2

PLANNING AND PROGRAMMING

2-1 PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS

The content of Chapter 2 provides guidelines and information needed for planning and programming AF aquatic facilities and the infrastructure to support them. Aquatic facility development planning and the programming of facility space may be different for every project depending upon the unique factors regarding each installation. Local requirements concerning building programs, design criteria, and technical systems should consider the adequacy of existing facilities to meet current and future needs. The potential retention and renovation of existing facilities should also be analyzed and compared to the need for new construction or additions to existing facilities.

2-1.1 Program Definition The Requirements Document defines the program for design of an individual project, including functional requirements, design criteria, and cost information. This includes the space programming guidance found in this chapter, plus the site design, building design, and facility systems concepts located in Chapter 3, General Design Guidelines.

In addition, any unique, local requirements concerning building programs, design criteria, and technical systems should be included in the Requirements Document.

2-1.2 Project Validation Assessment The Project Validation Assessment (PVA) of all core functional areas and installation specific amenities to be included must satisfy the particular needs and policies of each base, and comply with the overall size and budget limitations for the project. The specific type, number, and size of spaces appropriate for the users will vary depending on the climate, location, and demography of each base. For example, if there is high proportion of dependents on the base, the facility should provide a spray ground or wading pool for children. If there is a strong interest in competitive swimming or diving, the pool should be properly equipped for these functions.

2-1.3 Operating Policies Selected programs and spaces for each facility may vary widely depending on the anticipated operating policies of each facility. As a result, it is important early in the planning process to determine preferred operating procedures on the types of programs, activities, and the method of clothing storage.

2-1.4 Programs and Activities The type of activities to be provided in the facility (competitive swimming, intramural or varsity competition, instruction courses, recreational use, lap swimming or wading) should be analyzed to determine the scheduling and staffing requirements for each.

Consider specialty activities that may be desired at each installation, such as “dive-in movies” (movies that may be viewed while in the pool), underwater hockey, underwater pumpkin carving, pumpkin plunge and margarita's, massages and movies, turkey toss, 2-2

Easter egg splash, spring fest, pool parties with rental items; bouncy house, covered party pavilion rentals, dive toy rentals, fishing demonstrations, and other specialty activities. Consider the requirements for anticipated instructional programs, such as swimming lessons, lifeguard classes, life saving instructions, and self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) training. Daily pool activities may also be offered prior to pool opening.

2-1.5 Competitive Swimming The type of competitive swimming events to be hosted at an aquatic facility has a major impact on the planning of the facilities to be provided. Facility requirements and rules may vary depending upon the different institutions that may be desired to sanction competitive events. For example, lane bottom and target wall marking requirements are different for many of the major governing institutions that sanction major events.

Consider the impact of specific institutional and host nation requirements if competitive swimming will be a part of the program requirements. Major swimming institutional organizations include:

• AAU – Amateur Athletic Union

• FINA – Federation Internationale de National

• NCAA – National Collegiate Athletic Association

• NFSH – National Federation of State High School Associations

• USS – USA Swimming

2-1.6 Clothing Storage Options The selected method of storing user clothing may be the single most important factor influencing the design and operation of the bathhouse. Each system has a major impact on the circulation and staffing of the bathhouse. There are two options available:

1) A basket check-in system that is monitored by a staff member. Customers collect a basket from a central point and return it to a staff member for storage while swimming.

2) A locker or basket system that is handled without staff supervision.

Lockers or storage baskets are provided in the dressing room or on the pool deck where the clothing may be stored and monitored by the owner.

2-1.7 Supervision and Observation A strict system of observation and control is crucial in an aquatic facility. The key to an efficient bathhouse design is to organize these surveillance requirements in a way that will minimize stall numbers and customer movement. Surveillance of three activities is essential:

• Check-In and Check-Out – ensures entry by approved users only.

http://image.aausports.org/index.html http://www.fina.org/ http://www2.ncaa.org/ http://www.nfhs.org/ScriptContent/Index.cfm http://www.usaswimming.org/usasweb/DesktopDefault.aspx

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• Storage of Clothes (if handled by staff) – reduces opportunity for theft.

• Pool and Pool Deck Activity – ensures proper safety for customers.

2-1.8 Check-In and Check-Out Procedures A system must be provided to supervise procedures for entry into and exit from the facility. Policies must be provided for the type of identification required and the method of verification, payment (if required), and supervision.

2-1.9 Scheduling After determining the programs to take place in the facility, a system of organizing them on a daily and seasonal basis should be developed. There are many programs, such as kayaking, SCUBA training, learn to swim classes, lap swimming, and special programs for training people with disabilities that may interfere with general or free swim periods. Careful scheduling can allow a facility to greatly expand its potential program uses, as well as eliminate conflicts.

2-1.10 First Aid In spite of the most careful planning and safety procedures, there is always the potential for an accident. Policies and facilities must address rescue procedures and include access to the pool deck for rescue personnel.

2-1.11 Food and Beverage Service Policies on food service can vary from no food permitted, to vending machines, to a snack bar. Once the level of service is decided, design considerations must be determined relating to location, fenced or open access to the pool deck, trash removal, and types of food and beverage containers allowed. No glass should be allowed on the pool deck at any time.

2-2 SPACE ALLOCATION CRITERIA

The recommended set of functional areas and spaces for different sizes of aquatic facilities are shown in Section 2-2.2 Table: Space Allowances. This table provides example space sizes for each component of representative facilities in each aquatic facility program size category. These are not definitive space programs, but guides to approximate space sizes recommended for the given size facility. For facility sizes not included in this table, proportionally adjust the program figures shown for the nearest larger or smaller sized facilities. In developing the space program for an individual facility, consider the issues of overall facility design and the functional relationships discussed in this UFC.

Each base may also determine that different or additional requirements are relevant to its local program. These considerations may affect the functional areas and spaces included in the program and their relative sizes. Space allowances for aquatic facilities found in AFH 32-1084, Facility Requirements, dated 1 September 1996 will be updated at its next revision to reflect the new space allocation information in the space allocation table.

http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/pubfiles/af/32/afh32-1084/afh32-1084.pdf

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2-2.1 Facility Size The overall size planned for the facility shall be determined by the particular needs of each base, including the following factors:

• Size of the U.S and host nation military population in the area served by the base.

• Number of youth and children served by the base. These are normally the most frequent users of outdoor pools and associated activities.

• Number of dependent spouses, retirees, host nation personnel, contractors, and other authorized users to be served by the facility.

• Availability of other aquatic facilities on base and in the vicinity of the base.

• Anticipated need for conducting competitive swimming events.

• Anticipated need for pool use in training activities, such as SCUBA and deep water survival.

2-2.2 Table: Site Functional Area Space Allowances

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2-2.3 Table: Building Functional Area Space Allowances

2-3 FACILITY REQUIREMENTS

Consider the issues affecting overall facility design and the functional relationships discussed in Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 when developing the space program for an individual facility. Facility requirements are based on local conditions and identified requirements of the community served.

2-3.1 Occupancy Requirements Accepted industry standards for determining the occupancy requirements of a pool and the proportional size of supporting components are as follows:

• Main pools with water 1.5 meters (5 feet) deep or less: 1.4 sq. meters (15

sq. feet) per swimmer.

• Diving areas: 2.3 sq. meters (25 sq. feet) per swimmer.

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• Spray grounds and wading pools: 1.4 sq. meters (15 sq. feet) per child.

• Bathhouses: Sized to accommodate 20% of the aquatic facility maximum capacity, .9 to 1.4 sq. meters (10-15 sq. feet) of dressing area per person, and lockers or baskets for clothing storage to meet 100% of peak facility capacity.

2-3.2 Core Functional Areas Most aquatic facilities will need four core functional areas with local variation in the scope of operation under each category. These functional area categories include the following:

1) Water Areas

2) Pool Deck

3) Bathhouse

4) Filtration, Circulation, and Chemical Equipment

2-3.3 Figure: Core Functional Area Relationships

2-4 SITE SELECTION

Aquatic facilities should be located near the center of base activities and facilities such as the Fitness Center, Health and Wellness Center (HAWC), and the Youth Center, where possible. Uncongested areas are preferred, but aquatic facilities need to be conveniently located near dormitories, housing, billeting, sports and fitness centers, and physical recreation areas so that they are near the hub of community activity. Avoid locations near busy intersections, arterials, airfields, and industrial facilities. Consider locating pool facilities inside or adjacent to the Fitness Center. Evaluate the potential

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2-8 impact of natural site features, such as terrain, existing trees and vegetation, wetlands, and water retention areas on the proposed facility design. Existing natural site features may be incorporated into required site elements like antiterrorism/force protection (AT/FP) setback distances or vehicle barriers that may help to blend the facility into the natural setting of the site. Potential sites for aquatic facilities should be selected to minimize or eliminate problems in design, construction cost, and pool function.

2-4.1 Site Size The site shall be large enough to accommodate all the components of the facility, including those expected to be added in the future. These components include vehicle access, parking, pedestrian access, open areas that can be used for playing fields (throwing Frisbees, horseshoes, and similar recreational activities), and the aquatic facility complex. In addition, the size of the site shall allow for open or landscaped spaces around these components for drives and walks, safe separation between activities, grading transitions between components, and required setbacks from adjacent property. For initial planning purposes, a site size can be considered satisfactory if the area of the site is at least the sum of the following:

• Adequate exterior circulation and parking areas.

• The area of the swimming pool, surrounding pool deck, and internal circulation areas.

• The area of the spray ground or wading pool and surrounding deck.

• The gross area required for the bathhouse, storage areas, and other support buildings.

• The gross area needed for water circulation, filtration, and chemical equipment facilities.

• Area for playing fields, grass areas, picnic tables, and landscaping, including a buffer zone around playing areas and the overall facility.

More area may be needed if the site has any special features, such as irregular contours, existing trees, or rock outcroppings to be preserved. Assure the selected site will accommodate an adequate number of parking spaces convenient to aquatic facility entrance and antiterrorism/force protection (AT/FP) setback requirements provided in UFC 4-010-10, DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standoff Distances for Buildings. A preliminary site design should be prepared to ensure the basic building and site criteria can be accommodated. Site size should provide for future expansion, if practical.

2-4.2 Site Considerations Locate the bathhouse and water areas on the site to provide the most convenient access, take advantage of desirable views, preserve natural site features, and provide protection from undesirable winds and glare. Provide natural or constructed shading for the bathhouse, pool deck, and children’s areas for protection from excessive sunlight.

Locate the customer entrance in front of the facility near the street or near a vehicular http://65.204.17.188/report/doc_ufc.html

2-9 drop-off loop with convenient sidewalk access to the entrance. Ideal sites for aquatic facilities should meet the following criteria:

• The site should be approached by sidewalks and should not require pedestrians, particularly children, to cross heavily traveled streets or circulation areas within the parking lot.

• The necessary utilities, water, sewerage, natural gas, and electricity are readily available.

• The topography is level enough for construction of the pool.

• The soil is stable, but free of rock which is costly to excavate.

• The site is not close to heavy industrial smoke or other unpleasant or harmful pollutants.

• The site is near other recreational activities, such as youth centers, clubs, and athletic facilities.

• Sites immediately adjacent to housing, hospitals, or other facilities that might be disturbed by recreational noise are not preferred. Similarly, sites in the area of frequent airplane traffic should be avoided.

• The site should have good natural drainage.

• The site selected should minimize wind blown debris and reduce wind damage to structures, furnishings, and equipment.

2-4.3 Site Access Provide easy access by pedestrians, automobiles, and base public…