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BERKELEY ANALYTICAL

815 Harbour Way South, Suite 6

Richmond, CA 94804-3614 Ph. 510-236-2325; Fax 510-236-2335 E-mail info@berkeleyanalytical.com

VOC Emissions from Building Products

Customer & Building Product Sample Information

Report Certification Report number 1582-001-01A-Jul2226 Report date Jul 22, 2026 Certified by (Name/Title) Raja S. Tannous, Laboratory Director

Signature

Date July 22, 2026

Standards Test method CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.2 (Sect. 01350) Acceptance criteria CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.2 Modeling scenario(s) CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.2 Standard Classroom & Office Product type Window Treatments

Customer Information Manufacturer or organization Clear Armor LLC City/State/Country Grayslake, IL USA Contact name/Title Alex Trudeau, Chief Operating Officer Phone number 224-305-9445

Product Sample Information* Manufacturer (if not customer) Same as above Product name / Number Clear Armor Security Laminate / SL 15 / BR Product CSI category Windows (08 50 00) – Security Laminate Customer sample ID not provided Manufacturing location Grayslake, IL Date sample manufactured Jun 30, 2026 Date sample collected Jun 30, 2026 Date sample shipped Jun 30, 2026 Date sample received by lab Jul 1, 2026 Condition of received sample No observed problems Lab sample tracking number 1582-001-01A Conditioning start date & duration Jul 3, 2026; 10 days Chamber test start date & duration Jul 13, 2026; 4 days (96 hours) Total test start date & duration Jul 3, 2026; 14 days (336 hours) *Chain-of-custody (COC) form for product sample is attached to this report

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Conformity Assessment – CDPH VOC Concentration Criteria

VOC Emission Test Results – The product sample was tested for emissions of VOCs following California Department of Public Health CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method Version 1.2, 2017. The chamber test results were modeled according to one or more scenarios defined in CDPH Standard Method V1.2. To assess compliance, the modeled indoor VOC concentrations were compared to the acceptance criteria defined in CDPH Standard Method V1.2. The modeling scenario(s) are detailed in Table 3, and the predicted indoor VOC concentrations at 336 hours are given in Table 6. The allowable concentrations used as acceptance criteria are reproduced in Appendix B.

Table 1 summarizes the pass/fail results based on the predicted indoor air concentrations of individual VOCs of concern in the modeled scenario(s).

Decision Rule – The decision rule is defined in CDPH Standard Method V1.2. Compliance with the standard is determined based on the estimated indoor air concentrations of individual VOCs at 336 hours for the modeling scenario(s) without consideration of measurement uncertainty.

TVOC Concentration Range – USGBC’s LEED v4 rating systems for buildings include a requirement for reporting of the predicted TVOC concentration in one of three range categories: ≤0.5 mg/m3, >0.5 to 4.9 mg/m3, or ≥5.0 mg/m3. Table 1 includes the TVOC concentration range in the modeled scenario(s).

Table 1. Pass/Fail results based on the test method and identified modeling scenarios. Only detected individual

VOCs with defined acceptance criteria are listed. The TVOC concentration range is also shown

Chemical CAS No Allowable

Concentration (µg/m3)

Predicted Concentration (Pass/Fail)

Classroom Office No formaldehyde or other target CREL VOCs were detected -- -- Pass Pass

TVOCa -- -- ≤ 0.5 mg/m3 ≤ 0.5 mg/m3 a Reporting of TVOC range is for information only; TVOC is not a Pass/Fail criterion

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Test Method for Building Product Samples

Test Specimen Preparation – Customer prepared a security laminate on a glass substrate, wrapped it in aluminum foil, and then expressed deliver to our lab. On the test day, the sample was unwrapped and tested as received. The exposed area was calculated based on the laminate surface area of 30.7 cm by 30.6 cm. Photographs of the tested specimen are shown later in this report. The test results presented herein are specific to this item.

Test Protocol Summary* – This VOC emission test was conducted following California Department of Public Health CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method Version 1.2, 2017. This version of the standard is identical to CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.1, 2010, except that the allowable benzene concentration is lower. Note: this standard derives from California architectural Specification 01350 and is frequently referred to as “Section 01350.” The chamber test prescribed in the standard follows the guidance of ASTM Standard Guide D5116. Chemical sampling and analyses were performed according to U.S. EPA Compendium Method TO-17 and ASTM Standard Method D5197. The product specimen was prepared from the supplied product sample, and placed directly into the conditioning environment and maintained under controlled conditions of air flow rate, temperature, and relative humidity for 10 days. At the end of this period, the specimen was transferred directly to a small-scale chamber. The chamber conditions for the 96-hour test period are summarized in Table 2. Air samples were collected from the chamber at 24, 48, and 96 hours elapsed time. Samples for the analysis of individual VOCs and TVOC were collected on multisorbent tubes containing Tenax-TA backed by a carbonaceous sorbent. Samples for the analysis of low molecular weight aldehydes were collected on treated DNPH cartridges. VOC samples were analyzed by thermal desorption GC/MS. TVOC was calculated using toluene as the calibration reference. Individual VOCs (iVOCs) were quantified using multi-point calibration curves (4 or more points) prepared with pure standards unless otherwise noted. iVOCs without pure standards were quantified based on their total-ion-current responses using toluene as the calibration reference. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were analyzed by HPLC and quantified using multi-point calibration curves (4 or more points). The analytical instruments and their operating parameters are detailed in Appendix A.

Exception(s) and Deviation(s) – 1) For ASTM D5197 analysis of carbonyl compounds, DNPH cartridges were extracted into 2-mL volumetric vials instead of 5-mL volumetric flasks. This deviation has no impact on the results.

Measurement Uncertainty (MU) – Combined relative standard deviations (RSDs) were estimated using error propagation for measurements of area-specific emission rates of 35 iVOCs, as well as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, in small- and mid-scale chambers. The estimated RSDs ranged from 5.3% to 34%, with median and mean values of 13% and 15%, respectively. The expanded measurement uncertainty is calculated as 2 x RSD.

Disclaimer – The sample was collected by either the customer or a third party. The results are specific to this test item as received from the customer.

Availability of Data – All data, including but not limited to raw instrument files, calibration files, and quality control checks used to generate the test results, will be made available to the customer upon request, subject to Berkeley Analytical’s Services Agreement.

*All standards identified in this section are included in Berkeley Analytical’s scope of ISO/IEC17025 accreditation, Testing Laboratory TL-383, International Accreditation Service, www.iasonline.org

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Test Method for Building Product Samples, Continued

Table 2. Chamber conditions for the test period

Parameter Symbol Units Value Tested specimen exposed area AS m2 0.094 Chamber volume VC m3 0.10 Loading ratio L m2/m3 0.939 Avg. Inlet gas flow rate & Range QC m3/h 0.1 (0.066-0.068) Avg. Temperature & Range oC 23.6 (22-24) Avg. Relative humidity & Range % 50 (45-55) Duration h 96

Modeling Parameters for Building Products

Modeling Parameters – CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method Version 1.2 describes the modeling procedures and parameters for estimating the impact of VOC emissions from a building product on indoor air concentrations in a standard classroom and a standard office space. The dimensions and ventilation of the spaces and the exposed surface areas of major materials are prescribed. The modeling scenario(s) and parameters applicable to this test are listed in Table 3.

Table 3. Parameters used for estimating VOC air concentrations at 336 hours for the modeling scenarios

Parameter Symbol Units Value Classroom Office

Product exposed area APB m2 4.46 1.49 Building volume VB m3 231 30.6 Floor/Ceiling Area AB m2 89.2 11.15 Ceiling height HB m 2.59 2.74 Outdoor air (OA) flow rate QB m3/h 191 20.7 Area-specific air flow rate qA m3/m2-h 42.84 13.86

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VOC Emission Test Results

Chamber Background Concentrations – Background concentrations measured at time zero are reported in Table 4.

The background concentrations of TVOC, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and reported iVOCs are listed.

Table 4. Chamber background VOC concentrations at time zero

Chemical/Chemical Group CAS No Chamber Conc (µg/m3)

Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 LQ Formaldehyde 50-00-0 LQ

TVOC -- LQ

Emitted VOCs – Individual VOCs (iVOCs) detected in the test and present above the lower limits of quantitation in chamber air are reported in Table 5. All iVOCs with Chronic Reference Exposure Limits (CRELs) and/or on other lists of toxicants of concern are listed first. Next, all iVOCs with pure standard calibrations are listed. Additionally, iVOCs quantified using toluene as the reference standard are listed; the identifications of these compounds are considered tentative. If fewer than 10 iVOCs are reported, this indicates that fewer than 10 chemicals met these criteria.

Table 5. Listed and abundant iVOCs detected above the lower limits of quantitation in the 96-hour air sample

Chemical CAS No Surrogate?* CREL (µg/m3)

CARB TAC

Category

Prop 65 List?

No individual VOCs detected above their quantitation levels -- -- -- -- --

*”Yes” response indicates iVOC quantified using toluene as the calibration reference; all other iVOCs are quantified using pure standards

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VOC Emission Test Results, Continued

VOC Emission Factors and Estimated Indoor Air Concentrations – The 96-hour chamber sample was analyzed for iVOCs, including formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. The emission factors for iVOCs presented in Table 6 were calculated based on the chamber parameters, the exposed area of the test specimen, and the measured 96-hour chamber concentrations corrected for any chamber background concentrations. The emission factors were used to predict the indoor air concentrations of iVOCs for the modeling scenario(s) applicable to this test, as shown in Table 3. See Equations for calculation methods.

Table 6. Measured chamber concentrations at 96 hours, calculated emission factors, and estimated indoor air concentrations of individual VOCs for the modeling scenarios

Chemical Chamber

Concentration (µg/m3)

Emission Factor

(µg/m2-h)

Estimated Indoor Air Concentration (µg/m3)

Classroom Office No formaldehyde or other CREL

VOCs were detected LQ LQ LQ LQ

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VOC Emission Test Results, Continued

Quality Measurements – Chamber samples collected at 24, 48, and 96 hours were analyzed for total VOCs (TVOC).

Because the TVOC response per unit mass of a chemical is highly dependent upon the specific mixture of iVOCs, the measurement of TVOC is semi-quantitative. TVOC is primarily used as a quality measure to determine if the VOC emissions from a product remain relatively constant or generally decline over the test period. Some programs may require reporting of predicted indoor air TVOC concentrations or concentration ranges in mg/m3. TVOC emission factors and predicted TVOC concentrations are shown in Table 7. Additionally, aldehyde samples collected at 24, 48, and 96 hours were analyzed for formaldehyde as another quality measure. Formaldehyde emission factors are listed in Table 8. Product claims related to formaldehyde content may, in part, be based on these formaldehyde emission factors.

Table 7. TVOC chamber concentrations at 24, 48, and 96 hours with corresponding emission factors and predicted indoor air concentrations (mg/m3)

Elapsed Time (h)

Chamber Concentration

(µg/m3)

Emission Factor

(µg/m2-h)

Estimated Indoor Air Concentration (mg/m3)

Classroom Office

24 LQ LQ LQ LQ

48 LQ LQ LQ LQ

96 LQ LQ LQ LQ

Table 8. Formaldehyde chamber concentrations at 24, 48, and 96 hours with corresponding emission factors

Elapsed Time (h)

Chamber Concentration

(µg/m3)

Emission Factor

(µg/m2-h)

24 LQ LQ

48 LQ LQ

96 LQ LQ

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Photographs of Tested Product Specimen

Photo Documentation – The product sample specimen is photographed immediately following specimen preparation and prior to initiating the conditioning period. Typically, the top and bottom faces of the specimen are photographed. Bottom faces may show a stainless-steel plate or other substrate if prescribed by the standard.

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Definitions, Equations, and Comments

Table 9. Definitions of parameters

Parameter/Value Definition CARB TAC Toxic Air Contaminant (TAC) on the California Air Resources Board list, with the toxic category indicated CAS No. Chemical Abstracts Service registry number, providing a unique chemical ID Chamber Concentration Measured chamber VOC concentration at time point minus any analytical blank or background concentration for the empty chamber measured prior to the test. The lower limit of quantitation (LQ) or reporting limit for individual VOCs is 2 µg/m3 unless otherwise noted

Indoor Air Concentration Estimated indoor air concentration in a standard modeled environment calculated from the emission factors from test results and the modeling parameters in Table 3 using the equations given below

CREL Chronic non-cancer Reference Exposure Level established by Cal/EPA OEHHA (http://www.OEHHA.ca.gov/air/allrels.html)

Emission Factor Mass of compound emitted per unit area per hour (calculation shown below). Reporting limits for emission factors are established by the LQ or the reporting limit for the chamber concentration and specimen area tested

Formaldehyde & acetaldehyde Volatile aldehydes quantified by HPLC following ASTM Standard Method D5197. LQs for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde are 0.9 µg/m3 and 0.8 µg/m3, respectively

Individual VOCs Quantified by thermal desorption GC/MS following EPA Method TO-17.

Compounds are quantified using multi-point calibrations prepared with pure chemicals unless otherwise indicated. VOCs with chronic RELs are listed first, followed by other TAC and Prop. 65 compounds. Additional abundant VOCs at or above the reporting limit of 2 µg/m3 are listed last

LQ Indicates calculated value is below its lower limit of quantitation Prop 65 list “Yes” indicates the compound is a chemical known to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity according to the California Safe Drinking Water Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65)

TVOC Total Volatile Organic Compounds eluting over a retention time range bounded by n-pentane and n-heptadecane and quantified by GC/MS TIC method using toluene as the calibration reference. The LQ for TVOC is 20 µg/m3

“na” Not applicable “<” Less than value established by LQ

Equations Used in Calculations – An emission factor (EF) in µg/m2-h for a chemical in a chamber test of a building product sample is calculated using Equation 1:

EF = (Qc (C - Co)) / AS (1) where Qc is the chamber inlet air flow rate (m3/h), C is the VOC chamber concentration (µg/m3), Co is the corresponding chamber background VOC concentration (µg/m3), and AS is the tested specimen exposed area (m2).

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Definitions, Equations, and Comments, Continued

The indoor air concentration (CB) for the modeled space in µg/m3 is estimated using Equation 2 and the parameters defined in Table 3:

CB = (EF x APB) / QB (2) where APB is the exposed area of the product in the building (m2), and QB is the outside air flow rate (m3/h).

Comments: The product is non-VOC emitter and all values were LQ.

END OF REPORT

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815 Harbour Way South, Suite 6

Richmond, CA 94804-3614

Appendix A Analytical Instruments & Operating Parameters

Table A1. Description of analytical instrument components

Component Description HPLC 1260 Infinity Quaternary LC, G1314F VW Detector, Agilent

Analytical column Poroshell 120 EC-C18, Agilent Column dimensions 2.1 mm x 100 mm

Thermal desorber Unity / TD100, Markes International, Ltd.

Gas chromatograph Model 7890A, Agilent

Analytical column DB-624, J&W Scientific Column dimensions 1 µm film, 0.18 mm ID, 20 m

Mass spectrometer Model 5975C MSD, Agilent

Table A2. HPLC operating parameters for the analysis of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde

Parameter Value Solvent A 65/35% H2O/Acetonitrile Solvent B 100% Acetonitrile Flow rate 0.3 mL/min End time 11 min Detector wavelength 360 nm

Table A3. Thermal desorption GC/MS parameters used for the analysis of iVOCs and TVOC

Parameter Value Thermal desorption

Tube desorb temperature 300 oC Trap temperature -5 oC Trap desorb temperature 300 oC Trap desorb split ratio 10:1

Gas chromatograph Initial temperature 40 oC Initial temperature time 6.0 min Final temperature 300 oC Final temperature time 2 min

Mass spectrometer Low scan mass, m/z 30 amu High scan mass, m/z 450 amu Scan rate 3.42 Hz

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815 Harbour Way South, Suite 6

Richmond, CA 94804-3614

Appendix B Target CREL VOCs and Their Maximum Allowable Concentrations

Copied from CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method Version 1.2, 2017, Table 4-1

No. Compound Name CAS No. Allowable Conc.

(μg/m3)

1 Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 70 2 Benzene 71-43-2 1.5 3 Carbon disulfide 75-15-0 400 4 Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 20 5 Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 500 6 Chloroform 67-66-3 150 7 Dichlorobenzene (1,4-) 106-46-7 400 8 Dichloroethylene (1,1) 75-35-4 35 9 Dimethylformamide (N,N-) 68-12-2 40

10 Dioxane (1,4-) 123-91-1 1,500 11 Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 1.5 12 Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 1,000 13 Ethylene glycol 107-21-1 200 14 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 110-80-5 35 15 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate 111-15-9 150 16 Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether 109-86-4 30 17 Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 110-49-6 45 18 Formaldehyde 50-00-0 9* 19 Hexane (n-) 110-54-3 3,500 20 Isophorone 78-59-1 1,000 21 Isopropanol 67-63-0 3,500 22 Methyl chloroform 71-55-6 500 23 Methylene chloride 75-09-2 200 24 Methyl t-butyl ether 1634-04-4 4,000 25 Naphthalene 91-20-3 4.5 26 Phenol 108-95-2 100 27 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 107-98-2 3,500 28 Styrene 100-42-5 450 29 Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 17.5 30 Toluene 108-88-3 150 31 Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 300 32 Vinyl acetate 108-05-4 100

33-35 Xylenes, technical mixture (m-, o-, and p- xylene combined)

108-38-3, 95-47-6, 106-42-3

*All maximum allowable concentrations are one-half the corresponding CREL adopted by Cal/EPA OEHHA with the exception of formaldehyde, for which the full CREL of 9 µg/m3 is allowed.