ATT 3 4.3_TM 1670_10_1 Operators Manual for Parachute System_2.pdf

TM 1670-10/1

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

NOVEMBER 2019

PCN 184 167001 00

U.S. MARINE CORPS TECHNICAL MANUAL

OPERATORS MANUAL

FOR

PARACHUTE SYSTEM-2 (PS-2)

TANDEM OFFSET RESUPPLY DELIVERY SYSTEM (TORDS)

NSN ID

1670-01-673-3985 (Large) 13131A

1670-01-674-2912 (Small) 13131B

1670-01-592-8362 10443D

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT D: Distribution authorized to the Department of Defense and U.S. DOD contractors only; administrative or operational use, 29 November 2019. Other requests shall be referred to

Commander, MARCORSYSCOM (PMM-141.3), 2200 Lester Street, Quantico, VA 22134-6050.

DESTRUCTION NOTICE: Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document.

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UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS

Marine Corps Systems Command

2200 Lester Street

Quantico, VA 22134-6050

29 November 2019

1. This Technical Manual (TM), authenticated for Marine Corps use and effective upon receipt, provides information for Parachute System-2 (PS-2), NSN 1670-01-673-3985 (Large), Identification (ID) No. 13131A, PS-2, NSN 1670-01-674-2912 (Small), ID No. 13131B, and Tandem Offset Resupply Delivery System (TORDS), NSN

1670-01-592-8362, ID No. 10443D.

2. Per MCO 5100.34A, Commanders, Commanding Officers, and Officers-In-Charge shall identify and report situations that negatively affect safety of operation via the Automated Message Handling System to:

COMMARCORSYSCOM 00T QUANTICO VA; PEO LS QUANTICO VA SAFETY; CMC SD WASHINGTON

DC; CMC WASHINGTON DC PPO; CMC WASHINGTON DC I&L; and COMNAVSAFECEN NORFOLK VA.

Individuals may report potential hazards to MARCORSYSCOM Safety at MCSC_Safety@usmc.mil and/or to

Commandant of the Marine Corps Safety Division (CMC SD) at hqmc_safety_division@usmc.mil.

All significant safety hazards that have the potential to affect other commands and require widespread dissemination shall be reported via a Hazard Report per MCO P5102.1B.

3. Discrepancies or suggested changes for this publication may be reported by submitting a NAVMC 10772. For instructions on how to submit a NAVMC 10772 go to https://mceits.usmc.mil/sites/pubs/default.aspx. Questions or concerns regarding the NAVMC 10772 program should be reported via email to

SMB.LOG.Tech.Pubs.fct@usmc.mil. A response will be provided to you.

OFFICIAL

ANDREW J. KONICKI

Program Manager

DISTRIBUTION: EDO

mailto:MCSC_Safety@usmc.mil mailto:hqmc_safety_division@usmc.mil https://mceits.usmc.mil/sites/pubs/default.aspx mailto:SMB.LOG.Tech.Pubs.fct@usmc.mil

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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

NOTE The portion of the text affected by the changes is indicated by a vertical Line in the outer margins of the page. Changes to illustrations are indicated by shaded or screened areas, or by miniature pointing hands.

Dates of issue for original and change pages are:

Original……0…….31 October 2019

TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS PUBLICATION IS 200, CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING:

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ....................................................................................................................................... IV

LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................................................................................... VII

SAFETY SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................. VIII

SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS ......................................................................................................1-1

SECTION I. GENERAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................................1-1

1-1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................1-1

1-2. TYPE OF MANUAL ..................................................................................................................................1-1

1-3. PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT.....................................................................................................................1-1

SECTION II. EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................1-2

1-4. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE PS-2 AND TORDS .............................................................................1-2

1-5. BASIC PARACHUTE SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS ..........................................................................1-3

1-6. PS-2 CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................................................................................1-4

1-7. PS-2 MAIN CANOPY ...............................................................................................................................1-4

1-8. MAIN CONTAINERS CONFIGURED FOR DIFFERENT DEPLOYMENT OPTIONS ........................1-6

1-9. PS-2 RESERVE CANOPY ........................................................................................................................1-7

1-10. TORDS CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................................................................1-8

1-11. TORDS COMPONENTS ...........................................................................................................................1-9

1-12. TORDS RESERVE CANOPY .................................................................................................................1-12

1-13. PARACHUTIST’S HIGH ALTITUDE OXYGEN SUPPLY SYSTEM .................................................1-13

1-14. CYBERNETIC PARACHUTE RELEASE SYSTEM .............................................................................1-13

1-15. PARACHUTIST’S INDIVIDUAL EQUIPMENT KIT ...........................................................................1-14

1-16. REPORTING BENEFICIAL SUGGESTIONS .......................................................................................1-15

1-17. DESTRUCTION OF MARINE CORPS MATERIEL TO PREVENT ENEMY USE ............................1-15

1-18. PREPARATION FOR STORAGE OR SHIPMENT ...............................................................................1-15

1-19. SAFETY, CARE, AND HANDLING ......................................................................................................1-15

1-20. REPORTING DISCREPANCIES ............................................................................................................1-15

1-21. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS ...........................................................................................1-16

- AIRCRAFT PROCEDURES, SIGNALS, AND JUMP COMMANDS ...........................................2-1

2-1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................2-1

2-2. AIRCRAFT PROCEDURE SIGNALS AND JUMP COMMANDS .........................................................2-1

- PROCEDURES FOR MILITARY FREEFALL OPERATIONS .....................................................3-1

3-1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................3-1

3-2. EMERGENCY PROCEDURE TRAINING...............................................................................................3-1

3-3. GENERAL PROCEDURES .......................................................................................................................3-1

3-4. AIRCRAFT EMERGENCIES ....................................................................................................................3-3

3-5. POST EXIT EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ............................................................................................3-4

3-6. TANDEM PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT SPECIFIC EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ...................3-8

- BODY STABILIZATION ................................................................................................................4-1

4-1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................4-1

4-2 BODY POSITION AND PROCEDURES DURING FREEFALL ............................................................4-1

4-3. BODY POSITION AND PROCEDURES DURING DROGUE FALL ....................................................4-3

4-4. SYSTEMS CHECK ....................................................................................................................................4-4 ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS - CONTINUED

Page

- RAM AIR PARACHUTE FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS AND CANOPY CONTROL ..............5-1

5-1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................5-1

5-2. RAM AIR CANOPY STRUCTURE ..........................................................................................................5-1

5-3. COMPONENTS .........................................................................................................................................5-2

5-4. DEPLOYMENT SEQUENCE ...................................................................................................................5-3

5-5. RAM AIR THEORY OF FLIGHT .............................................................................................................5-4

5-6. RAM AIR PARACHUTE CHARACTERISTICS .....................................................................................5-4

5-7. BASICS OF CANOPY CONTROL ...........................................................................................................5-5

5-8. EFFECTIVE CANOPY RANGE ...............................................................................................................5-6

5-9. MANEUVERING THE RAM AIR CANOPY...........................................................................................5-7

5-10. BRAKING THE RAM AIR CANOPY ......................................................................................................5-9

5-11. LANDINGS ..............................................................................................................................................5-10

5-12. TURBULENCE ........................................................................................................................................5-13

RIGGING AND TORDS PROCEDURES ..........................................................................................6-1

6-1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................6-1

6-2. EQUIPMENT AND WEAPON PACKING CONSIDERATIONS ...........................................................6-1

6-3. PARACHUTIST AND PARACHUTE LOAD LIMITATIONS ................................................................6-2

6-4. PACKING, RIGGING, AND ATTACHING THE HARNESS, SINGLE-POINT RELEASE RIGGED

COMBAT EQUIPMENT ...........................................................................................................................6-2

6-5. PARACHUTIST'S DROP BAG (PDB) .....................................................................................................6-9

6-6. FLOTATION DEVICES/LIFE PRESERVERS .......................................................................................6-11

6-7. PS-2 DONNING .......................................................................................................................................6-12

6-8. PROCEDURES FOR DONNING THE PARACHUTE (TORDS) ..........................................................6-15

6-9. WEAPON RIGGING ...............................................................................................................................6-16

6-10. K-9 HARNESS ADJUSTMENT AND FITTING ....................................................................................6-21

6-11. TANDEM PASSENGER RIGGING........................................................................................................6-23

- OXYGEN ..........................................................................................................................................7-1

7-1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................7-1

7-2. SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN USED IN MILITARY FREEFALL OPERATIONS ................................7-1

7-3. CARE AND USE OF PARACHUTIST’S HIGH-ALTITUDE OXYGEN SUPPLY SYSTEM ...............7-2

7-4. OXYGEN CONSOLE ................................................................................................................................7-4

- MILITARY ALITMETER-12 (MA-12) ...........................................................................................8-1

8-1. MA-12 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................................8-1

8-2. MA-12 BASIC OPERATION ....................................................................................................................8-3

8-3. MOUNTING, FITTING, AND WEARING MA-12 DESIGN ..................................................................8-5

8-4. DEVICE SETUP ........................................................................................................................................8-7

8-5. DROP ZONE PROGRAMMING METHODS ........................................................................................8-10

8-6. CANOPY ALARMS ................................................................................................................................8-16

8-7. LAST JUMP LOGBOOK ........................................................................................................................8-20

8-8. TROUBLESHOOTING ...........................................................................................................................8-22

8-9. OTHER FEATURES ................................................................................................................................8-24

8-10. CARE AND MAINTENANCE ................................................................................................................8-31 iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS - CONTINUED

Page

- AUTOMATIC ACTIVATION DEVICE ..........................................................................................9-1

9-1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................................9-1

9-2. CYPRES PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION ................................................................................................9-1

9-3. CHARACTERISTICS OF MILITARY CYPRES (2) MODELS ..............................................................9-2

9-4. IDENTIFICATION OF MILITARY CYPRES (2) MODELS ...................................................................9-3

9-5. CYPRES (2) COMPONENTS ...................................................................................................................9-6

9-6. MODE SELECTION ..................................................................................................................................9-8

9-7. MODES OF OPERATION.........................................................................................................................9-9

9-8. MODE DETERMINATION ....................................................................................................................9-12

9-9. OPERATING PROCEDURES .................................................................................................................9-18

9-10. MILITARY CYPRES (2) CALCULATORS ...........................................................................................9-26

- HIGH ALTITUDE RELEASE POINT CALCULATION ............................................................10-1

10-1. GENERAL ..............................................................................................................................................10-1

10-2. OBTAINING WIND DATA ..................................................................................................................10-1

10-3. RECORDING WIND DATA .................................................................................................................10-1

10-4. EXAMPLE HAND CALCULATION AND PLOTTING HIGH -ALTITUDE RELEASE POINT ......10-1

10-5. USING THE WIND DRIFT FORMULA AND CONSTANTS .............................................................10-1

10-6. CALCULATING HALO FREEFALL DRIFT AND DIRECTION .......................................................10-3

10-7. CALCULATING CANOPY DRIFT ......................................................................................................10-4

10-8. CALCULATING FORWARD THROW ...............................................................................................10-5

10-9. CALCULATING DOGLEGS ................................................................................................................10-5

10-10. CALCULATING THE HAHO RELEASE POINT ................................................................................10-5

A-1. JUMPMASTER PERSONNEL INSPECTION ....................................................................................... A-1

A-2. PARACHUTE SYSTEM-2 (PS-2) EXAMPLE PROCEDURES ........................................................... A-1

A-3. INSPECTION SEQUENCE OF AN M-4 STYLE RIFLE LEFT-SIDE MOUNTED ............................. A-3

A-4. INSPECTION SEQUENCE OF A CENTER MOUNTED WEAPON HARNESS AND M4 STYLE

RIFLE ...................................................................................................................................................... A-4

A-5. INSPECTION SEQUENCE OF THE PDB ............................................................................................. A-4

A-6. INSPECTION SEQUENCE FOR THE PARACHUTISTS OXYGEN MASK ...................................... A-5

A-7. JMPI FOR TORDS .................................................................................................................................. A-5

A-8. TORDS-E AND MTTB INSPECTION ................................................................................................... A-7

C-1. AIRCRAFT EXTERIOR (VICINITY OF THE JUMP DOORS OR RAMP) ........................................ C-1

C-2. AIRCRAFT INTERIOR .......................................................................................................................... C-1

D-1. EXAMPLE JUMP BRIEF ....................................................................................................................... D-1 iv

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Number Title Page

Figure 1-1. Basic Parachute Systems (PS-2 and TORDS). ................................................................................. 1-3 Figure 1-2. Hi-5 Main Canopy. ........................................................................................................................... 1-4 Figure 1-3. PS-2 Main Parachute Deployment Systems-Hand Deployed. .......................................................... 1-5 Figure 1-4. PS-2 Main Parachute Deployment Systems-Drogue. ....................................................................... 1-5 Figure 1-5. PS-2 Configured for Deployment (Rear/Back View). ...................................................................... 1-6 Figure 1-6. PS-2 Configured for HDPC (Front View). ....................................................................................... 1-6 Figure 1-7. Hi-5 Reserve Canopy. ....................................................................................................................... 1-7 Figure 1-8. Reserve Free Bag. ............................................................................................................................. 1-7 Figure 1-9. RSL Using Main to Deploy Reserve. ............................................................................................... 1-8 Figure 1-10. TORDS Main Canopy. ..................................................................................................................... 1-9 Figure 1-11. 72 -inch Drogue. ............................................................................................................................... 1-9 Figure 1-12. 60-inch Drogue. .............................................................................................................................. 1-10 Figure 1-13. Tethered Bundle Components. ....................................................................................................... 1-10 Figure 1-14. Back and Front View of TORDS. ................................................................................................... 1-11 Figure 1-15. Back and Front View of Passenger Harness. .................................................................................. 1-11 Figure 1-16. TORDS Reserve Canopy. ............................................................................................................... 1-12 Figure 1-17. Reserve Free Bag. ........................................................................................................................... 1-12 Figure 1-18. PHAOS System. ............................................................................................................................. 1-13 Figure 1-19. CYPRES (2) Control Unit Location on Containers. ....................................................................... 1-13 Figure 2-1. Aircraft Procedure Signal – DON HELMETS. ................................................................................ 2-1 Figure 2-2. Aircraft Procedure Signal – UNFASTEN SEAT BELTS. ............................................................... 2-2 Figure 2-3. Jump Command – MASK. ............................................................................................................... 2-3 Figure 2-4. Aircraft Procedure Signal – CHECK OXYGEN. ............................................................................. 2-4 Figure 2-5. Aircraft Procedure Signal – TIME WARNINGS. ............................................................................ 2-5 Figure 2-6. Aircraft Signal – WIND SPEED. ..................................................................................................... 2-6 Figure 2-7. Aircraft Signal – WIND GUST. ....................................................................................................... 2-7 Figure 2-8. Jump Command – STAND UP. ........................................................................................................ 2-8 Figure 2-9. Jump Command – MOVE TO THE REAR. ..................................................................................... 2-9 Figure 2-10. Jump Command – STAND BY. ..................................................................................................... 2-10 Figure 2-11. Jump Command – GO. ................................................................................................................... 2-11 Figure 2-12. Jump Command - EXIT AND DEPLOY RESERVE. .................................................................... 2-12 Figure 2-13. Jump Command – EXIT AND DEPLOY MAIN. .......................................................................... 2-13 Figure 3-1. Cutaway Example. ............................................................................................................................ 3-3 Figure 3-2. Drogue Malfunction. ........................................................................................................................ 3-5 Figure 3-3. Dual Canopy Deployment. ............................................................................................................... 3-7 Figure 5-1. Ram Air Parachute Canopy Shape.................................................................................................... 5-1 Figure 5-2. Structure of the Ram Air Parachute Canopy. .................................................................................... 5-1 Figure 5-3. Ram Air Parachute Components and Nomenclature. ....................................................................... 5-2 Figure 5-4. Deployment Sequence. ..................................................................................................................... 5-3 Figure 5-5. Ram Air Parachute Theory of Flight. ............................................................................................... 5-4 Figure 5-6. Effective Canopy Range. .................................................................................................................. 5-6 Figure 5-7. Holding Maneuver. ........................................................................................................................... 5-7 Figure 5-8. Running Maneuver. .......................................................................................................................... 5-7 Figure 5-9. Crabbing Maneuver. ......................................................................................................................... 5-8 Figure 5-10. Glide Modulation Maneuver. ............................................................................................................ 5-8 Figure 5-11. Landing Pattern............................................................................................................................... 5-10 Figure 5-12. High and Low Wind Patterns. ........................................................................................................ 5-11 Figure 5-13. Significant Change in Wind Direction. ........................................................................................... 5-12 Figure 6-1. Combat Equipment Rigged with the Harness, Single Point Release. ............................................... 6-3 Figure 6-2. Harness, Single-Point Release. ......................................................................................................... 6-4 Figure 6-3. Attaching Triangle Links. ................................................................................................................. 6-5 Figure 6-4. Routing Attaching Loops. ................................................................................................................. 6-5 Figure 6-5. Routing Release Handle Cable. ........................................................................................................ 6-6 Figure 6-6. D-Ring Attaching Straps. ................................................................................................................. 6-6 Figure 6-7. Stowed Lowering Line with Retainer Bands and Masking Tape. .................................................... 6-7 Figure 6-8. Medium PDB. ................................................................................................................................... 6-9 Figure 6-9. Compression Straps Connected and Tightened. ............................................................................. 6-10 v

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS - CONTINUED

Number Title Page

Figure 6-10. MIAK Flotation Devices. ............................................................................................................... 6-12 Figure 6-11. Access the HAHO Seat Attachment Rings. .................................................................................... 6-13 Figure 6-12. Orientate the HAHO Seat. .............................................................................................................. 6-13 Figure 6-13. Secure and Position HAHO Seat. ................................................................................................... 6-14 Figure 6-14. Proper Fit. ....................................................................................................................................... 6-14 Figure 6-15. Proper Fit. ....................................................................................................................................... 6-15 Figure 6-16. Correct Positioning of Weapon on Parachutist. .............................................................................. 6-17 Figure 6-17. CMWH. .......................................................................................................................................... 6-18 Figure 6-18. CMWH Components. ..................................................................................................................... 6-19 Figure 6-19. K-9 Airborne Harness Laid Out. .................................................................................................... 6-21 Figure 6-20. Fit Harness Around K-9. ................................................................................................................ 6-22 Figure 6-21. Position the K-9 Tail. ...................................................................................................................... 6-22 Figure 6-22. Secure Straps. ................................................................................................................................. 6-23 Figure 7-1. PHAOS System. ............................................................................................................................... 7-2 Figure 7-2. Full Bailout Bottle (Gauge View). .................................................................................................... 7-3 Figure 8-1. MA-12 inHg Model. ......................................................................................................................... 8-1 Figure 8-2. MA-12 Left Side View ..................................................................................................................... 8-1 Figure 8-3. MA-12 Back View............................................................................................................................ 8-2 Figure 8-4. MA-12 Ground Screen (Ground Mode). .......................................................................................... 8-2 Figure 8-5. MA-12 Climb Screen (Aircraft Mode). ............................................................................................ 8-2 Figure 8-6. MA-12 Freefall Screen (Freefall Mode). .......................................................................................... 8-3 Figure 8-7. MA-12 Canopy Screen (Canopy Mode) (9,500 ft AGL and below). ............................................... 8-3 Figure 8-8. MA-12 Micro-USB Cable. ............................................................................................................... 8-4 Figure 8-9. Accessing the Main Menu. ............................................................................................................... 8-5 Figure 8-10. MA-12 Wrist Mount, Bracket, and Hook and Pile Strap. ................................................................. 8-6 Figure 8-11. Mounting on Navigation Boards. ..................................................................................................... 8-6 Figure 8-12. MA-12 - Change Display Contrast. .................................................................................................. 8-7 Figure 8-13. MA-12 - Set Time Format. ............................................................................................................... 8-7 Figure 8-14. MA-12 - Set Time............................................................................................................................. 8-8 Figure 8-15. MA-12 - Set Date Format. ................................................................................................................ 8-8 Figure 8-16. MA-12 - Set Date. ............................................................................................................................ 8-9 Figure 8-17. MA-12 - Set Units. ........................................................................................................................... 8-9 Figure 8-18. MA-12 - Zero Altitude / Auto Zero. ............................................................................................... 8-10 Figure 8-19. MA-12 - Set DZ Offset. .................................................................................................................. 8-11 Figure 8-20. MA-12 - Target DZ Elevation - Lower or Higher than the DAF Location..................................... 8-11 Figure 8-21. MA-12 - Altitude Screen - +/- Chosen Offset. ............................................................................... 8-12 Figure 8-22. MA-12 - "DZO" Appears on Ground Screen - DZ Offset Set. ....................................................... 8-12 Figure 8-23. MA-12 - Set QNH Offset. .............................................................................................................. 8-13 Figure 8-24. Enter QNH in InHg. ........................................................................................................................ 8-13 Figure 8-25. MA-12 - Altitude Screen - +/- Chosen Offset. ............................................................................... 8-13 Figure 8-26. QNH and Target DZ Elevation Appear on the Ground Screen. ..................................................... 8-14 Figure 8-27. MA-12 - Set Standard Altitude Offset. ........................................................................................... 8-14 Figure 8-28. MA-12 - Altitude Screen - +/- Chosen Offset. ............................................................................... 8-15 Figure 8-29. Standard Pressure and the Target DZ Elevation Appear on the Ground Screen. ............................ 8-15 Figure 8-30. MA-12 Canopy Alarms Enabled. ................................................................................................... 8-16 Figure 8-31. MA-12 Canopy Alarms Disabled. .................................................................................................. 8-16 Figure 8-32. MA-12 Enable/Disable Alarms. ..................................................................................................... 8-16 Figure 8-33. MA-12 Audible Alarm Volume. ..................................................................................................... 8-17 Figure 8-34. MA-12 - Edit Alarms. ..................................................................................................................... 8-17 Figure 8-35. MA-12 Alarm Group Names. ......................................................................................................... 8-18 Figure 8-36. MA-12 - Select Desired Altitude. ................................................................................................... 8-18 Figure 8-37. MA-12 - Change/Confirm Alarm Altitude. .................................................................................... 8-18 Figure 8-38. MA-12 - Repeat Alarm Altitudes Process and Save. ...................................................................... 8-19 Figure 8-39. MA-12 - View Last Jump. .............................................................................................................. 8-20 vi

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS - CONTINUED

Number Title Page

Figure 8-40. MA-12 Last Jump Summary Screen # 1. ........................................................................................ 8-20 Figure 8-41. MA-12 Last Jump Summary Screen # 2. ........................................................................................ 8-21 Figure 8-42. MA-12 Summary Screen #3. .......................................................................................................... 8-21 Figure 8-43. MA-12 Software Reset. .................................................................................................................. 8-22 Figure 8-44. MA-12 Hardware Reset Switch. ..................................................................................................... 8-22 Figure 8-45. MA-12 Hardware Reset (Middle Button). ...................................................................................... 8-23 Figure 8-46. MA-12 - Alti-2 Screen. ................................................................................................................... 8-23 Figure 8-47. MA-12 - Serial Number Screen. ..................................................................................................... 8-23 Figure 8-48. MA-12 - Format NVRAM. ............................................................................................................. 8-24 Figure 8-49. MA-12 Set Sleep Timer. ................................................................................................................. 8-24 Figure 8-50. MA-12 - Select Clock/Timers. ....................................................................................................... 8-24 Figure 8-51. MA-12 - Select Set Sleep Timer, Set or Cancel Sleep Timer. ........................................................ 8-25 Figure 8-52. MA-12 - Sleep Mode Activated. .................................................................................................... 8-25 Figure 8-53. MA-12 - Backlight Icon Appears on Ground Screen. .................................................................... 8-26 Figure 8-54. MA-12 Backlight On/Off Function Disabled in Climb Mode. ....................................................... 8-26 Figure 8-55. MA-12 - Select Display Opt from Main Menu. .............................................................................. 8-27 Figure 8-56. MA-12 - Backlight On/Off Display. ............................................................................................... 8-27 Figure 8-57. MA-12 - Backlight Icon Displayed. ............................................................................................... 8-27 Figure 8-58. MA-12 - Select Display Opt from Main Menu. .............................................................................. 8-28 Figure 8-59. MA-12 - Select Flip LCD. .............................................................................................................. 8-28 Figure 8-60. MA-12 Climb Screen. ..................................................................................................................... 8-28 Figure 8-61. MA-12 - Set AC Exit Altitude. ....................................................................................................... 8-29 Figure 8-62. MA-12 - Highlight Altitude and Select Desired Value. .................................................................. 8-29 Figure 8-63. MA-12 AC Exit Altitude Set. ......................................................................................................... 8-29 Figure 8-64. MA-12 Demo Mode. ...................................................................................................................... 8-30 Figure 8-65. MA-12 Demo Alarms. .................................................................................................................... 8-30 Figure 8-66. MA-12 Demo Mode - Show Screens. ............................................................................................. 8-30 Figure 8-67. MA-12 Pressure Sensor Hole and Speaker Hole. ........................................................................... 8-31 Figure 9-1. Military CYPRES (2) 1500 35 A. ..................................................................................................... 9-3 Figure 9-2. Expert CYPRES (2). ......................................................................................................................... 9-4 Figure 9-3. Military CYPRES (2) Model 1000 35 A Control Unit. .................................................................... 9-5 Figure 9-4. Military CYPRES (2) Model 1500 35 A Control Unit. .................................................................... 9-5 Figure 9-5. Military CYPRES (2) Model 2500 29 A Control Unit. .................................................................... 9-5 Figure 9-6. Expert CYPRES (2) Control Unit. .................................................................................................... 9-6 Figure 9-7. Military CYPRES (2) Control Unit. ................................................................................................. 9-6 Figure 9-8. Back of Military CYPRES (2) Control Unit. .................................................................................... 9-6 Figure 9-9. Military CYPRES (2) Processing Unit. ............................................................................................ 9-7 Figure 9-10. Military CYPRES (2) Release Unit. ................................................................................................. 9-7 Figure 9-11. CYPRES (2) Indicating 100 ft (30 m) Increase to Activation Altitude During/After Self-Test. .... 9-10 Figure 9-12. CYPRES (2) Display - Activation Altitude Setting Number and Drop Zone Offset. ..................... 9-11 Figure 9-13. Power-ON Sequence for Military CYPRES (2) in Default (Training) Mode. ................................ 9-19 Figure 9-14. Beginning of Military CYPRES (2) Self-Test Countdown in Default (Training) Mode. ............... 9-19 Figure 9-15. Military CYPRES (2) with Current Barometric Pressure in mbars. ............................................... 9-19 Figure 9-16. Military CYPRES (2) set in Default (Training) Mode. .................................................................. 9-19 Figure 9-17. Example of Military CYPRES (2) Error Code. .............................................................................. 9-19 Figure 9-18. Power ON Sequence for Military CYPRES (2) in Absolute (Operational) Mode. ......................... 9-20 Figure 9-19. Beginning of Military CYPRES (2) Self-Test Countdown in Absolute (Operational) Mode. ....... 9-21 Figure 9-20. Military CYPRES (2) Displaying Current Barometric Pressure in mbars. ..................................... 9-21 Figure 9-21. Military CYPRES (2) Set in Absolute (Operational) Mode. .......................................................... 9-21 Figure 9-22. Example of Military CYPRES (2) Error Code. .............................................................................. 9-21 Figure 9-23. First Value of 1 Chosen for mbar Setting. ...................................................................................... 9-21 Figure 9-24. Second Value of 0 Chosen for mbar Setting. .................................................................................. 9-22 Figure 9-25. Third Value of 1 Chosen for mbar Setting...................................................................................... 9-22 Figure 9-26. Final Value Selected and Military CYPRES (2) Set....................................................................... 9-22 Figure 9-27. Power-ON Sequence for Expert CYPRES (2) in Offset Mode....................................................... 9-23 Figure 9-28. Expert CYPRES (2) Displaying Countdown. ................................................................................. 9-24 vii

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS - CONTINUED

Figure 9-29. Example of Expert CYPRES (2) Error Code. ................................................................................. 9-24 Figure 9-30. Expert CYPRES (2) Control Unit Displaying Countdown at Zero Down in Offset Mode. ........... 9-24 Figure 9-31. Expert CYPRES (2) Set at 120-Foot Offset. .................................................................................. 9-25 Figure 9-32. Power-OFF Sequence for CYPRES (2). ......................................................................................... 9-26 Figure 9-33. Military CYPRES Absolute Adjust Circular Calculator (Whiz Wheel). ........................................ 9-27 Figure 9-34. Inaccuracies on Weather Conditions. ............................................................................................. 9-27 Figure 9-35. Aligning Numbers on Whiz Wheel. ............................................................................................... 9-27 Figure 9-36. Military CYPRES (2) Calculator. ................................................................................................... 9-28 Figure 9-37. Usage Instructions for the Military CYPRES Calculator. .............................................................. 9-28 Figure 9-38. Instructions of Online “Military CYPRES Absolute Adjust Model Calculator.” ........................... 9-29 Figure 9-39. Step 1: Enter Altimeter Setting. ..................................................................................................... 9-29 Figure 9-40. Step 2: Enter VDZ Elevation and Submit. ..................................................................................... 9-30 Figure 9-41. Step 3: View and Cross-Check Results. ........................................................................................ 9-30 Figure 10-1. Plotting the HARP, Freefall, and Canopy Drift for a HALO Mission Profile. ............................... 10-4

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1-1. TORDS and PS-2 Planning Characteristics. ....................................................................................... 1-2 Table 1-2. List of Abbreviation and Acronuyms. .............................................................................................. 1-16 Table 6-1. Container Weight Limits. ................................................................................................................... 6-2 Table 6-2. Parachute Load Limits. ....................................................................................................................... 6-2 Table 9-1. CYPRES (2) Model Identification. ..................................................................................................... 9-4 Table 9-2. Minimum CYPRES Activation Altitude above DZ or HRPO. ......................................................... 9-16 Table 9-3. CYPRES (2) Power ON Self-Test Error Codes in Default (Training) Mode. .................................. 9-18 Table 9-4. CYPRES (2) power ON self-test error codes in Absolute (Operational) Mode. ............................... 9-20 Table 9-5. Expert CYPRES (2) Power ON Self-Test Error Codes in Offset Mode. .......................................... 9-23 Table 10-1. Weight Based K Factors for HAHO. ................................................................................................ 10-2 Table 10-2. Gliding Distance Formula Variables. ............................................................................................... 10-3 Table 10-3. Gliding Distance Formula Variables. ............................................................................................... 10-5 Table 10-4. Example 1 - HAHO HARP Calculation. .......................................................................................... 10-6 Table 10-5. Example 2 - HAHO HARP Calculation with Dogleg. ...................................................................... 10-7 viii

SAFETY SUMMARY

1. GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS.

This manual contains safety information to ensure the safe operation of all Military Freefall processes and equipment. The information in this manual includes general safety precautions and instructions that must be understood and applied to ensure personnel safety and protection of equipment. Prior to performing any task, the WARNINGs, CAUTIONs, and NOTEs included in that task shall be reviewed and understood.

2. WARNINGs, CAUTIONs, and NOTEs.

WARNINGs AND CAUTIONs are used in this manual to highlight operating or maintenance procedures, practices, conditions, or statements which are considered essential to protection of personnel (WARNING) or equipment (CAUTION). WARNINGs and CAUTIONs immediately precede the step or procedure to which they apply, WARNINGs and CAUTIONs consist to four parts: heading (WARNING, CAUTION or Icon), a statement of the hazard, minimum precautions, and possible result if disregarded. NOTEs are used in this manual to highlight operating or maintenance procedures, practices, conditions, or statements which are not essential to protection of personnel or equipment. NOTEs may preceed or follow the step or procedures, depending upon the information to be highlighted. The headings used and their definitions are as follows:

WARNING

HIGHLIGHTS AN ESSENTIAL OPERATING OR MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE, PRACTICE,

CONDITION, OR STATEMENT, ETC., WHICH, IF NOT STRICTLY OBSERVED, COULD RESULT

IN INJURY TO, OR DEATH OF, PERSONNEL OR LONG TERM HEALTH HAZARDS.

CAUTION

Highlights an essential operating or maintenance procedure, practice, condition, or statement, etc., which, if not strictly observed, could result in damage to, or destruction of, equipment or loss of mission effectiveness.

NOTE

Highlights procedure, practice, condition, or statement. A NOTE precedes the step or procedure, depending on the information to be highlighted.

1-1

SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS

SECTION I. GENERAL INFORMATION

1-1. GENERAL

The evolution of parachutes used in Military Freefall (MFF) operations has been considerable over the years due to technological advancements and the broader range of industry involvement in the development of military parachuting. This chapter identifies the Parachute System 2 (PS-2) and the Tandem Offset Resupply Delivery

System (TORDS) with their associated components and includes the donning and recovery procedures for both systems.

1-2. TYPE OF MANUAL

This manual describes the operation instructions and…