TO 35E1-2-13-1 Change 3 7 Aug 07 07.pdf

TO 35E1-2-13-1

TECHNICAL MANUAL

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTION MANUAL

AIRCRAFT FIRE TRAINING FACILITY

NORTHROP GRUMMAN TECHNICAL SERVICES

F08637-98-C-6001

FA8501-05-D-0002

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited (WR-ALC/PA Public Affairs Certification Number 05-07285). Other requests for this document shall be referred to 584 CBSS/GBHDE, Robins AFB, GA 31098. Questions concerning technical content shall be referred to HQ AFCESA/CEXF.

Published Under Authority of the Secretary of the Air Force

1 JUNE 2002 CHANGE 3 - 7 AUGUST 2007

BASIC AND ALL CHANGES HAVE BEEN MERGED

TO MAKE THIS A COMPLETE PUBLICATION

NOTE: The portion of the text affected by the changes is indicated by a vertical line in the margins of the page. Changes to illustrations are indicated by miniature pointing hands. Changes to wiring diagrams are indicated by miniature point-ing hands or by shaded areas. A vertical line running the length of a figure in the outer margin of the page indicates that the figure is being added.

INSERT LATEST CHANGED PAGES. DESTROY SUPERSEDED PAGES.LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

*Zero in this column indicates an original page.

USAF

Page *Change No. No.

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Dates of issue for original and changed pages are:

TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS PUBLICATION IS 226, CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING:

Original . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 June 2002 Change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 March 2004

Change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 June 2005 Change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 . . . . . . . . . . . 7 August 2007

Title A i ii iii - iv Added

A Change 3

NUMERICAL INDEX OF EFFECTIVE WORK PACKAGES

NOTE

• Only those work packages and subordinate work packages assigned to this manual are listed in this index, therefore, WP/SWP numbers may not be sequential.

• Insert Change No. 3, work packages and subordinate work packages, dated 7 August 2007. Dispose of superseded work packages and subordinate work packages. If changed pages are issued to a work package or subordinate work package, the por-tion of the text affected in a change or revised WP or SWP is indicated by change bars in the outer margin of each column of text. Changes to illustrations and dia-grams are indicated by pointing hands or shaded areas.

WP/SWP

No.

Change No.

Model Application Title

001 00 1 Alphabetical Index 002 00 3 Introduction 003 00 3 Master List of Special Tools, Test Equipment, and Consumables 004 00 3 Safety and Accident Prevention 005 00 3 Standard Operating Procedures 005 01 1 Winterized Facility Operating Procedures 005 02 0 Winterization Procedures 006 00 3 Quarterly System Safety Inspection and Operational Checks 007 00 3 General Maintenance 007 01 2 Fault Isolation 008 00 3 Facility Overviews 009 00 3 Goodfellow AFB Texas Operating Procedures 010 00 1 Thule AB Greenland Operating Procedures 010 01 1 Thule AB Greenland Winterization Procedures

Change 3 i

SAFETY SUMMARY

1 GENERAL.

The following are general safety precautions, not related to any specific procedures and therefore do not appear else-where in this publication. These are recommended precau-tions that personnel must understand and apply during various phases of operation and maintenance.

2 CERTIFICATION.

All fire department personnel who inspect and operate the AFTF are required to be certified. To become certified, per-sonnel are required to study the multimedia course material, entitled AFTF Inspection, Operation and Maintenance and pass the 50-question final exam with a minimum score of 80%. The test is called Liquid Propane Aircraft Fire Training Facility and is located in the most current version of CerTest.

3 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING.

When cleaners and primers are being applied, approved equipment shall be used. Make sure fire fighting equipment is readily available and in working order. Maintain minimum quantities required to accomplish tasks. Solvents will be contained in approved containers.

4 ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS.

Operating personnel must think safety at all times. Do not replace components or make adjustments inside of equip-ment with the electrical power supply turned on. To avoid injuries, always remove power from, discharge and ground a circuit before touching it. If a test connection to energized equipment is required, make the test connection ground con-nection before probing the voltage or signal to be tested. Do not attempt internal service or adjustment of equipment unless another person capable of rendering aid and resuscita-tion is present.

5 WARNINGS, CAUTIONS AND NOTES.

WARNING, CAUTION AND NOTE statements have been strategically placed throughout this text prior to operating or maintenance procedures, practices, conditions or statements considered essential to the protection of personnel (WARN- ING), or equipment and property (CAUTION) or when essential to highlight a practice (NOTE). A WARNING, CAUTION or NOTE will apply each time the step to which it refers is repeated. Prior to starting any task the WARN- INGS, CAUTIONS, and NOTES for that task will be reviewed and understood.

Calls attention to an essential operating or mainte-nance procedure, practice, condition statement, etc., which if not strictly observed could result in injury to or death of personnel or long term health hazards.

Calls attention to an essential operating or mainte-nance procedure, practice, condition, statement, etc., which if not strictly observed could result in damage to or destruction of equipment or loss of mission effectiveness.

NOTE

An essential or unusual procedure, condition or statement which will be highlighted.

6 LIVE FIREFIGHTER TRAINING.

The need for safe firefighter training must be balanced with sufficient challenge to prepare firefighters for the unpredict-able nature of the fireground. Training must not be so con-trolled as to give firefighters a false sense of security, nor can it disregard established safety procedures for the sake of increased realism. To maintain an effective cadre of fire-fighters and officers, the fire service must find new and dynamic ways to train personnel to act in a safe, decisive manner that best supports the fire service's mission to protect lives, property, and the environment. 1

1 This information is taken from USFA-TR-100 May 2003 Trends and Hazards in Firefighter Training - Special Report which is available on-line at: http://www.usfa.fema.gov/downloads/txt/publications/tr-100.txt ii Change 1

NOTE

This system is a live fire trainer intended to expose the firefighter/trainee to the same thermal and di-rect fire exposure experience in an actual uncon-trolled fire emergency. The system is not a fire simulator; there is nothing simulated about the fires in the system. The potential for the training system fires to cause thermal injury is no less than that in an actual uncontrolled fire emergency.

6.1 Although generally considered an essential part of

firefighter training, practical evolutions utilizing live fire or smoke pose a significant risk to both trainees and instructors.

The potential for injury is very real during this type of train-ing and prudent instructors take numerous precautions to ensure the safety of the participants. 2

6.2 Modern protective clothing may make life-threaten-

ing fire conditions less obvious; fire fighters and instructors must be constantly alert to recognize the visual and physical clues to impending danger. 2

6.3 Firefighting is, without question, a highly physical

and demanding activity. The intensity and prolonged dura-tion of firefighter training evolutions place substantial physi-cal stress on trainees and instructors. Injuries that commonly occur during training evolutions involve knees, lower back, strains, and sprains. The best means for preventing these potential injuries is by promoting physical fitness and proper lifting techniques. Although it is impossible to completely prevent these types of injuries, increased fitness and condi-tioning helps to reduce the incidence of injury and enable firefighters to cope with the intense physical demands of practical training and tactical operations. Simple techniques, such as warm-up exercises to prevent muscle injuries, although not routinely employed, should be done prior to any training. 2

NOTE

During training, firefighters physical stress level should be monitored continuously to reduce train-ing-related heart attacks, strokes and heat stress emergencies. 2

6.4 The discipline and supervision applied during train-

ing can rarely be matched in actual firefighting operations.

In many ways, training can and should constitute one of the safest aspects of a firefighter's job. However, training is sometimes compromised by complacency or by the dimin-ished sense of danger suggested in a controlled training envi-ronment. 2

6.5 The decrease in the incidence of fires, coupled with

improvements in building construction and detection/sup-pression systems, has led to a shortage of instructors with extensive experience under actual fire conditions. As experi-enced instructors retire, especially those in career fire depart-ments serving urban areas, they are being replaced with younger, less seasoned instructors. New instructors are often well educated and have usually achieved instructor certifica-tions through organizations that meet or exceed NFPA stan-dards for teaching and training. However, many of these instructors do not have the same level of fireground experi-ence as more seasoned fire instructors. While well-trained and competent leaders, they may not have the fire combat experience of many of their predecessors that can help them to quickly recognize dangerously changing fire conditions.

Limited experience makes it even more imperative that fire-fighting instruction adheres strictly to established policies and standards. 2

NOTE

Fire service instructors should ensure that training standards and procedures be followed closely, es-pecially when challenging tasks are assigned to re-cruits. To prevent injuries, instructors must know their material well, maintain a high ratio of instruc-tors to students and be vigilant about ensuring strict adherence to safety procedures. Instructors should familiarize themselves with the backgrounds and experience of their students, and care should be taken to avoid situations for which the students are not yet prepared. 2

6.6 Attitude and the Training Academy Way. One of the

cornerstones of fire service training is to impart the correct attitude towards firefighting from instructor to student. Fail-ure to pass on the appropriate attitudes and force unit disci-pline in fire training can have a lasting effect on students.

One problem consistently voiced by experienced fire service personnel is the attitude that there is a training academy way of doing things, and the real way of doing things (outside of training). The training academy way should be synonymous with the right way.

7 STRUCTURAL FAILURE REPORTING.

Any structural failure, collapse, damage, or significant deformation in the physical shape of the trainer mock-up, control/safety tower, or propane storage facility shall be reported within 24 hours of occurrence to HQ AFCESA/

2 This information is taken from USFA-TR-100 May 2003 Trends and Hazards in Firefighter Training - Special Report which is available on-line at: http://www.usfa.fema.gov/downloads/txt/publications/tr-100.txt Change 3 iii

CESM/CEXF, 139 Barnes Drive, Tyndall AFB, FL. DSN 523-6315/523-6155, Commercial 850-283-6315/6155, e-mail HQAFCESA.CES@tyndall.af.mil and HQAFC- ESA.CEXF@tyndall.af.mil. General warping of decks and panels which do not result in the deformation or shifting of the trainer’s general shape are considered normal in the course of use of the trainer.

8 COMPONENT FAILURE REPORTING.

Any component failure or malfunction which occurs in other than a safe mode shall be reported within 24 hours of occur-rence to HQ AFCESA/CESM/CEXF, 139 Barnes Drive, Tyndall AFB, FL. DSN 523-6315 / 523-6155, Commercial 850-283-6315/6155, e-mail HQAFCESA.CES@tyn-dall.af.mil and HQAFCESA.CEXF@tyndall.af.mil. All the components are designed to fail or not function in a safe mode - off, shut-down or not operate - any other failure con-dition must be reported.

9 CAUSALITY REPORTING.

Any injury or death occurring during or following a training exercise using the an Air Force Fire Training Facility shall be reported within 12 hours using the Fire Incident Notifica-tion reporting process in AFI 32-2001. Copies of the final incident/accident investigation shall be provided to HQ AFCESA/CESM/CEXF, 139 Barnes Drive, Tyndall AFB, FL. DSN 523-6315/523-6155, Commercial 850-283-6315/ 6155, e-mail HQAFCESA.CES@tyndall.af.mil and HQAFCESA.CEXF@tyndall.af.mil.

iv Change 1

WP 001 00

WORK PACKAGE

LIST OF EFFECTIVE WP PAGES

Total Number of Pages in this WP is 2 Consisting of the Following:

*Zero in this column indicates an original page.

LIST OF EFFECTIVE WORK PACKAGES

NOTE

Only those work packages and subordinate work packages assigned to this manual are listed in this index.

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS

ALPHABETICAL INDEX

EFFECTIVITY: AIRCRAFT FIRE TRAINING FACILITY

SUBJECT WP/SWP SUBJECT WP/SWP

Alphabetical Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 001 00 Quarterly System Safety Inspection Facility Overviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 008 00 and Operational Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 006 00 Fault Isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 007 01 Safety and Accident Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . 004 00 General Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 007 00 Standard Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 005 00 Goodfellow AFB Texas Operating Thule AB Greenland Operating Procedures . . . 010 00

Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 009 00 Thule AB Greenland Winterization Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 002 00 Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 010 01 Master List of Special Tools, Test Winterization Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 005 02

Equipment and Consumables. . . . . . . . . . . . 003 00 Winterization Facility Operating Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 005 01

1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Blank

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Change 1 1/(2 blank)

WP 002 00

WORK PACKAGE

LIST OF EFFECTIVE WP PAGES

Total Number of Pages in this WP is 10 Consisting of the Following:

* Zero in this column indicates an original page.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paragraph Page Paragraph Page

1 Purpose 2 Scope 3 Abbreviations/Acronyms 4 Related Publications 5 Use of Shall, Will, Should and May 6 Time Compliance Technical Orders (TCTO) 7 Manual Structure 8 WP Breakout 9 Locating Information 10 Leading Particulars 11 Principles of Operation

11.1 Description

11.2 Configuration

12 Maintenance Concept

13 Tolerances, Clearances and Wear Limits

13.1 Wear Limits

14 Part Identification 15 One Time Use Items 16 Improvement Reports 17 Theory of Operation - General

17.1 Burn Area

17.2 Control Stand

17.3 Liquid Propane System

17.4 Water Conservation Pond

18 AFTF Modification 19 Commercial-off-the-shelf (Cots)

Training Systems

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Page Figure Page

1 Generic AFTF 2 Mock-up Right Side and Aft View 3 Mock-up Left Side and Forward View

4 LPG Burner Locations 5 LPG Burner, Ignitor and Sprinkler Locations

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Temperature and Pressure Relation

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS

INTRODUCTION

EFFECTIVITY: AIRCRAFT FIRE TRAINING FACILITY

1 - 3 4 - 6

8 - 10

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Page *Change

Change 3 1

1 PURPOSE.

This manual contains a series of Work Packages (WP) and Subordinate Work Packages (SWP) which provide operating instructions and instructions for intermediate and field level maintenance of the Aircraft Fire Training Facility. The intent of this system is to create a safe live fire training environment for fire fighters.

2 SCOPE.

The complete set of work packages covers all approved operations, inspection, and fault isolation.

3 ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS.

The following abbreviations/acronyms are used in this man-ual.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS

TERM DEFINITION

AFCESA Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency

(FOA)

AFOSH Air Force Occupational Safety and Health AFTF Aircraft Fire Training Facility APU Auxiliary Power Unit ARFF Aircraft Rescue Firefighting (vehicle) ASME American Society of Mechanical Engi-neers BTU British Thermal Unit COTS Commercial-Off-the-Shelf HDPE High Density Polyethylene kvac Kilovolts Alternating Current LPG Liquid Propane Gas N2 Nitrogen NFPA National Fire Protection Association NPGA National Propane Gas Association OS&Y (valve) Outside Screw and Yoke PSI Per Square Inch SCBA Self Contained Breathing Apparatus STANAG Standardization Agreement (NATO) SWP Subordinate Work Package TO Technical Order (USAF) vac Volts Alternating Current WP Work Package

4 RELATED PUBLICATIONS.

The following publications are referenced in and used in conjunction with this manual.

AFM 91-201 Explosive Safety Standards

NFPA Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program

TO 00-105E-9/STANAG 3896 Aerospace Emergency Rescue and Mishap Response Information (Emergency Services)

5 USE OF SHALL, WILL, SHOULD AND MAY.

Use of the word “shall” indicates a mandatory provision that is binding. Use of the words “should” and “may” express non-mandatory provisions. The word “will” is used to express a declaration of purpose. “Will” may also be used to show simple futurity, e.g., “Power for the meter will be provided by the ship”.

6 TIME COMPLIANCE TECHNICAL ORDERS

(TCTO).

The following TCTOs are applicable to the Aircraft Fire Training Facility.

LIST OF TIME COMPLIANCE TECHNICAL ORDERS

None

7 MANUAL STRUCTURE.

This manual is divided into WPs and SWPs. Each WP is an independent, task-oriented unit. Only essential information is provided. WPs cover the subjects of alphabetical indexes, foreword, theory of operation, operating instructions, trou-bleshooting, inspection, and repair. A WP is subdivided into SWPs when one division by WP is not sufficient to maintain a logical sequence of data, for clarity, or to isolate specific maintenance level requirements.

8 WP BREAKOUT.

The Alphabetical Index (WP 001 00) provides a complete list of all WPs and SWPs.

9 LOCATING INFORMATION.

The Numerical Index of Effective Work Packages lists, in numerical order, all WPs and SWPs contained in this man-ual and provides the model application for each WP/SWP.

The Alphabetical Index WP lists, in alphabetical order, all WPs and SWPs contained in this manual. Each WP/SWP contains a table of contents which lists all procedures con-tained in that WP/SWP. Reference to paragraphs, tables, or figures within a WP are made by number, e.g. “paragraph 7, table 2, or figure 3." A reference to another WP merely includes the WP or SWP number, e.g., “WP 004 00 or SWP 004 01." To find a particular procedure or topic, it is neces-sary to refer to that WP or SWP.

2 Change 3

10 LEADING PARTICULARS.

Due to the nature and geographic diversity of each site, it would be impractical to list all leading particulars in this manual. Wherever possible, those items with a high proba-bility of site specific installation will be identified by the words, “if applicable”.

11 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION.

11.1 Description. The Air Force Aircraft Fire Training

Facility is a generic site adaptable design. The design incor-porates a lined burn area and conservation pond for water conservation and recycling, a pneumatic emergency shut-down system, an ignition system, and a liquid propane fuel system. A view of a generic facility is shown in Figure 1.

The design provides quality training to maintain firefighting proficiency while meeting all necessary operational and safety standards.

11.2 Configuration. A 100-foot (30-meter) lined burn

area with an aircraft mock-up and 10,000 water gallon (38,000 liters) liquid propane fuel tank provide the live fires necessary to simulate multi-aircraft type fires. A typical training scenario includes filling the burn area with water to one inch (2.54 cm) above the aggregate level, supplying propane to the burn area through underground pipes, and igniting the fuel by activating 10,000 volt, 23 milliampere, ignitors located in 15 burners. Various switches and valves located on the control stand are used to control fire(s) during training. The fully lined facility completely protects the environment from ground water contamination.

12 MAINTENANCE CONCEPT.

Civil Engineering or contractor personnel will maintain this facility. The replacement of valves, piping, etc., and clean-ing, painting, lubricating and corrosion control will be accomplished utilizing established Civil Engineering proce-dures and per the manufacturer's instruction. WP 007 00 contains excavation procedures for gaining access to and subsequent back fill of underground components. Inspection criteria for specific components will be as per this manual and manufacturer's instruction.

13 TOLERANCES, CLEARANCES AND WEAR

LIMITS.

13.1 Wear Limits. Two kinds of limits are identified, serviceable and repairable. A limit is the condition beyond which deterioration of a part necessitates repair or replace-ment. The SERVICEABLE LIMITS column defines the maximum departure from manufacturer's established stan-dard that will not materially reduce the usability of the part.

If a part is within serviceable limits, no corrective action is required. The REPAIRABLE LIMITS column defines the maximum deterioration of a part from manufacturer's estab-lished standard that is repairable. If a part is within repair-able limits but exceeds serviceable limits, it must be repaired in accordance with the CORRECTIVE ACTION column. If a part exceeds repairable limits, it is not repair-able and must be replaced. If a part is not serviceable and not repairable, it must be replaced.

14 PART IDENTIFICATION.

All training facility parts must be identified at disassembly.

Identification may include part number, serial number (when applicable), or physical description.

15 ONE TIME USE ITEMS.

The following listed items shall be considered as consum-able and shall be discarded upon disassembly to prevent reuse unless manufacturer authorized rebuild/repair kits are available: Solenoids, regulators, valves, switches, and igni-tors.

16 IMPROVEMENT REPORTS.

Recommendations proposing changes to this manual should be submitted on AFTO Form 22 in accordance with TO 00-5-1 and forwarded to HQ AFCESA/CEXF, 139 Barnes Drive Suite 1, Tyndall AFB, Florida 32403-5319.

17 THEORY OF OPERATION - GENERAL.

This theory of operation is based on the generic design.

Individual sites’ configurations may vary. The Aircraft Fire Training Facility (AFTF) consists of an aircraft mock-up, burn area, control stand, and the following systems: liquid propane fuel, cathodic protection, nitrogen and water con-servation. Refer to Figure 1 for specific site configurations.

General maintenance procedures are described in WP 007

00. The aircraft mock-up, located in the burn area, is con-structed of uncoated/unpainted carbon steel. It is approxi-mately 72 feet long, 25 feet high at tip of tail, with a wingspan of 72 feet. The mock-up is configured with three simulated aircraft engines, two on the high wing and one located on the vertical stabilizer. Each engine contains a burner assembly and two ignitors. The wiring to all mock-up ignitors is enclosed in water jackets to protect from extreme heat generated by ground burner fires. Water injec-tion is located in both wing engines and at some sites in the tail engine. The wing engines also have dams and plumbing installed to simulate running fuel fires. Wheel well and aux-iliary power unit fires are simulated on the high wing side of the fuselage adjacent to the inboard engine. In the interior of Change 3 3 the mock-up, ignitors and burners are installed to simulate cockpit, battery box, passenger compartment, and cargo fires. A water sprinkler system is installed along the top of the fuselage to cool and wash out the mock-up. An expan-sion joint is located midway on the fuselage to allow for expansion and contraction during training. Cutout panels are located on the left and right sides of the fuselage. These replaceable panels are constructed of 0.031 inch sheet metal.

The panels are used to simulate emergency entrance into an aircraft. Two steel hinged doors are located at the left side of the fuselage and one hinged steel door is located on the right side of the fuselage. (See Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5.)

17.1 Burn Area. The burn area is 100 feet in diameter.

It is recessed and lined with either one or two 80-mil thick high-density polyethylene (HDPE) liner(s). The liner(s) is sandwiched between 6-inch thick layers of sand and covered by an 18-inch thick layer of 1-1/2 inch rock. There are six ignitors and burners installed in the burn area to simulate exterior ground fires. The energy output, British Thermal Unit (BTU), of these six burners operated simultaneously is equal to or greater than a 100 ft. diameter JP-type fuel spill fire. The burner positioning is based on actual suitable air-craft fire events (military and civil) where the fire was found to be linear and close to the fuselage, not a circular spill. No documented evidence was found to support a circular spill fire in any survivable aircraft fire event. They are located on the left and right sides of the front fuselage, under the right and left wings, and on the left and right sides of the rear fuselage. A weir is used to maintain the proper water level in the burn area. Opening the burn area drain valve allows all the water in the burn area to drain to the water conserva-tion pond.

17.2 Control Stand. Valves, regulators, solenoids, and

switches used to control water, propane and ignitors during training events are located on the control stand. Pushing the emergency shutdown switch IN will deactivate all ignitors, close all coaxial and solenoid valves in propane lines to burners, and close the internal valve located on the propane tank via a pneumatic control system, if applicable. Propane and water piping, and electrical conduits from the control stand to the burn area are located in an underground HDPE lined trench. Regulators in propane lines to mock-up burners are adjusted to increase or decrease flame size and set maxi-mum fire size for each burner. There are no regulators in lines to ground burners. All burners are equipped with pneu-matically operated high-speed emergency shut off coaxial valves.

17.3 Liquid Propane System. The liquid propane sys-

tem supplies fuel for training exercises. Propane is supplied from a 10,000 water gallon or larger tank to the various burners in the burn area through a series of pipes and valves.

It is recommended to reservice the tank when 25% of its capacity remains. (Liquid flow from the tank will stop when the tank capacity drops below 10% to 20% because the excess flow valve extends 6 to 10 inches (depending on manufacturer) up inside the tank.) A vapor return line is required to properly/completely fill the tank to 80% to 85% to avoid pumping against unnecessary vapor pressure in the tank. The tank should be reserviced to a level of 80% to 85% to provide vapor space above the liquid and prevent over-pressurizing the tank. Vapor pressure (Table 1) will vary with ambient temperature. Liquid propane has a boiling point of -44° Fahrenheit. A propane pump may be installed, in parallel to the main supply line, to obtain adequate pres-sure, if applicable. Safety features of the propane system are provided to stop the flow of fuel to the burners, and include a pneumatic emergency shutdown system, a manual shut-down system, and a seismic sensor shutdown system (if applicable). Pressure relief valves are installed as required by National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard

58. Cathodic protection is used to protect below ground pip-ing from corrosion.

17.3.1 The purpose of the Liquid Propane Gas (LPG)

AFTFs is to prepare and train firefighters to experience and extinguish simulated liquid fuel fires and, as an added value, different engine, landing gear, APU and four different inter-nal aircraft fires not available with the older fossil fuel train-ing facilities. It is the responsibility of the Training Officer and the Ignition Officer to make sure the LPG fire reacts to agent application similar to how liquid fuel fire would react under the same circumstances. This requires the manipula-tion of the fuel valves for the desired effect. Emphasis on the appropriate training methods of these facilities is essen-tial for a successful training session. Trainers must make sure trainees use the appropriate agent application tech-niques for liquid fuel fires and not LPG fires when these scenarios are specifically selected.

Table 1. Temperature and Pressure Relation

AMBIENT

TEMPERATURE

VAPOR PRESSURE

POUNDS PER

SQUARE INCH

(PSIG)

100° Fahrenheit 70° Fahrenheit 0° Fahrenheit

-40° Fahrenheit

17.4 Water Conservation Pond. A typical water con-

servation pond is a 72 feet x 72 feet square area, 9 feet deep.

The pond is lined with either one or two layers of 80 mil thick HDPE. Unlike the burn area, the pond liner is not covered. A pump located in the pond is used to supply water to the training area. Pump design and location may vary.

18 AFTF MODIFICATION.

No modification of any aircraft fire training facility shall be made without prior coordination and ap-proval of the respective MAJCOM fire protection offices, HQ AFCESA/CESM (Fire Engineering), and HQ AFCESA/CEXF (Fire Operations) Divi-sion offices.

19 COMMERCIAL-OFF-THE-SHELF (COTS)

TRAINING SYSTEMS.

This Technical Order does not cover the operations and maintenance of COTS products built by manufacturing firms such as ProSafe, Inc, International Code Services and Symtron Systems, Inc. Such COTS training systems shall be operated and maintained in strict accordance with the manu-facturer's operations and maintenance instructions. Modifi-cation of a COTS training system shall be coordinated with and approved by the manufacturer. COTS still require approval by HQ AFCESA before being placed in service.

Figure 1. Generic AFTF

Figure 2. Mock-up Right Side and Aft View Change 2 7

Figure 3. Mock-up Left Side and Forward View

Figure 4. LPG Burner Locations

Figure 5. LPG Burner, Ignitor and Sprinkler Locations

WP 003 00

WORK PACKAGE

LIST OF EFFECTIVE WP PAGES

Total Number of Pages in this WP is 8 Consisting of the Following:

*Zero in this column indicates an original page.

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page Table Page

1 Master List of Special Tools 2 Master List of Test Equipment

3 Master List of Consumable Items and Expendable Materials

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS

MASTER LIST OF SPECIAL TOOLS, TEST EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES

EFFECTIVITY: AIRCRAFT FIRE TRAINING FACILITY

1 - 2 3 - 4

5 - 6 7 Added

8 Blank

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Table 1. Master List of Special Tools

Part No./Specification No./NSN CAGE Code Figure/Index No.

Nomenclature Use

GSE Part Number 3668 (GSE Lining Technology, Inc.

19103 Gundle Road Houston, Texas 77073)

N/A N/A GSE Extrusion Welder, 120V

Repair tears, holes in liner

GSE Part Number 0128 (GSE Lining Technology, Inc.

19103 Gundle Road Houston, Texas 77073)

N/A N/A Grinder, Black and Decker, 4 1/2 inch, 120V

Repair tears, holes in liner

GSE Part Number 0127 (GSE Lining Technology, Inc.

19103 Gundle Road Houston, Texas 77073)

N/A N/A Hot Air Blower, 120V Repair tears, holes in liner

MTS Mass Transfer Systems (www.mtsjets.com)

N/A N/A Multi-Aspirator Aeriation of Water Conservation Pond, algae control

Table 2. Master List of Test Equipment

Part No./Specification No./NSN CAGE Code Figure/Index No.

Nomenclature Use

Any manufactured gas detec-tor capable of detecting flam-mable atmospheres

N/A N/A Flammable Gas Detector Inspect LPG Plumbing

GSE Part Number 2999 (GSE Lining Technology, Inc.

19103 Gundle Road Houston, Texas 77073)

N/A N/A Vacuum Box, small Used to Qual-ity Check liner repairs

GSE Part Number 2938 (GSE Lining Technology, Inc.

19103 Gundle Road Houston, Texas 77073)

N/A N/A Portable Electric Vacuum Pump with Hose

Used to Qual-ity Check liner repairs

Heron Instruments Groundwater Monitoring, Inc (www.heroninstruments.com)

N/A N/A Little Dipper (portable, tape length of 75 ft/22m)

Measure water level in leak detec-tion points 2 Change 3

Table 3. Master List of Consumable Items and Expendable Materials

Nomenclature Specification/Part No./NSN CAGE Code

Use Reference

Door Panels 36” x 84” 26 gauge (sheet metal cutout panels on mock up)

N/A N/A Practice cut-in and skin penetration with appropri-ate tools.

N/A

Lock out tags N/A N/A Lock out inoperable com-ponents.

WP 004 00: 6.g WP 005 00: 2. Caution SWP 005 01: 2. Caution SWP 005 02: 1.e

Propane Liquid Propane Gas

BB-G-110A Type II

NSN 6830-00-261-7445

81348 Fuel. WP 002 00: 11.1, 11.2, 17

WP 010 00: 1.

Nitrogen BB-N411C Type 1, Grade A, Class 1, NSN 6830-00-656-1596

(231 SCF)

81348 Powers emergency shut-down system.

WP 002 00: 17.3

WP 005 00: 1.c, 1.l, 1.q, 2.e, 2.f, 4.h SWP 005 01: 1.c, 1.k, 1.n, 2.c, 2.d, 4.f WP 006 00: 1.i, 1.o WP 009 00: 2.m, 2.v, 4.f

N2 Bottle

Cylinder, Com-pressed Gas

RR-C-901 and 901/1

NSN 8120-00-985-7275

or 8120-00-286-8592 (200 cu.

ft.)

81348 Powers emergency shut-down system.

WP 005 00: 1.q SWP 005 01: 1.n

Jet Fuel, (JP-8)

(JET A-1 ASTMD

1655)

MIL-T-83133D

NSN 9130-01-031-5816

81349 Turbine Fuel.

(Thule/Goodfellow only)

WP 009 00: 2.c, 2.j, 3.i, 3.1.c

WP 010 00: 8., 8.2, 8.3, 8.4

Ignition Cable NSN 6145-00-197-8166 or 6145-00-845-1861 MIL-C-3702-U5MC and

MIL-C-3702-U7MC

81349 Connects ignition trans-former to ignitor.

SWP 007 01: 1. Note

Ignitor (3 Electrodes)

NSN: None Assigned Champion CH31917

11583 Ignites fuel. WP 007 00: Figure 5

Ignitor (Mushroom Tip Electrode)

NSN None Assigned ICS Int’l Code Services 7860030

11583 Ignites fuel. WP 007 00: Figures 3 and 4

Pigtail Champion 204085 N/A Connects ignition cable to ignitor. (Unique to AF Fire Trainers)

WP 007 00: 1.c, Table 2, Figure 2, Figure 6 SWP 007 01: 1.j

Ignition Transformer NSN 5950-00-962-9875 Illinois Capacitor Inc. 638-171

NSN 5950-00-243-1603

Dongan Elec. Manf. Co.

A10-LA2

N/A Step up transformer sec-ondary power for ignitors 10 KV 23 MAmp. (Sec-ondary can not exceed 23 MAmp)

WP 007 00: Table 2 SWP 007 01: 1. Note, 1.h, 1.i SWP 010 01: 1.u, 2.c Change 1 3

Water Pump * Goulds Gorman-Rupp (or equal)

N/A 300 gallon per minute or greater. Supplies water to emergency sprinkler sys-tem, washout system, water jackets & cooling system.

TDH (PT): 75, HP: 15

WP 005 00: 2.b SWP 005 02: 1.c, 2.a

WP 007 00: 8

WP 010 00: 4.f, 4.j, 6.d, 6.g SWP 010 01: 1.a, 1.i, 1.l, 1.p, 1.t

COAX Valve 3/4” Brass

Steel 316 Stainless

VMK202C140VTN3/4ZX7G1A

VMK202C240VTN3/4ZX7G1A

VMK202C640VTN3/4ZX7G1A

N/A Normally closed coaxial valves. High speed emergency propane shut-off. (no substitution permit-ted)

WP 006 00: Table 1 WP 007 00: Table 2

COAX Valve 1” NPT Brass

Steel 316 Stainless

VMK252C140VTN1ZX7G1A

VMK252C240VTN1ZX7G1A

VMK252C640VTN1ZX7G1A

N/A Normally closed coaxial valves. High speed emer-gency propane shutoff.

(no substitution permitted)

WP 006 00: Table 1 WP 007 00: Table 2

COAX Valve 3/4” Flanged Steel 316 Stainless

VFK202C240VTA3/4ZX7G1A

VFK202C640VTA3/4ZX7G1A

N/A Normally closed coaxial valves. High speed emer-gency propane shutoff.

(no substitution permitted)

WP 006 00: Table 1 WP 007 00: Table 2

COAX Valve 1” Flanged Steel 316 Stainless

VFK252C240VTA1ZX7G1A

VFK252C640VTA1ZX7G1A

N/A Normally closed coaxial valves. High speed emer-gency propane shutoff.

(no substitution permitted)

WP 006 00: Table 1 WP 007 00: Table 2

Pilot Valves Norgren PVAF 1024C ASCO 8344G74 (or equal)

1NGM3

1HAR9

4 way valve. High speed emergency propane shut-off. Control COAX valves.

WP 007 00: Table 2 SWP 007 01: 1. Note, 2.d

Solenoid Valves ASCO 8210G3B (or equal) ICS 6301559 (or equal)

1HAR9 2 way valve switch.

Interlock with ignitor.

WP 002 00: 17.2

WP 007 00: Table 2 SWP 007 01: 2.c WP 009 00: 3.i, 3.j

WP 010 00: 8.3

Liquid Propane Reg-ulators

Fisher 627 Series Rego 1586Y (or equal)

26819 Liquid propane pressure/ flow control. Controls flame height.

WP 002 00: 15, 17.2

WP 005 00: 1.c, 1.l SWP 005 01: 1.c, 1.k WP 006 00: 1.i, 1.j WP 009 00: 2.m, 5 WP 010 00: 3.c, 3.e

Heat Shrink Tubing Mil-1-23053/S Class 1 N/A Plastic protective tubing.

Protects ignitor pigtail.

WP 007 00: Table 2, Figure 6

Teflon Tubing Mil-1-22129 N/A Teflon protective tubing.

Protects ignitor cable.

WP 007 00: Table 2, Figure 6

* See footnote at end of table

Table 3. Master List of Consumable Items and Expendable Materials - Continued

Nomenclature Specification/Part No./NSN CAGE Code

Use Reference 4 Change 1

Solder Sn63 N/A Joins ignitor cable splice WP 007 00: Table 2, Figure 6

Sprinkler Heads** Spraying Systems Co, FullJet ® Nozzle Model:

1¼ HI 190WSQ

Mockup Cool-down

WP 002 00: Figure 5 item (5)

Sprinkler Heads** BETE Fog Nozzle, Inc Whirl Nozzle Model:

SCSQ12 - spray angle 120°

Mockup Cool-down

WP 002 00: Figure 5 item (5)

RTV Adhesive G.E. #122, 6702 (or equal) N/A Pasty adhesive. Covers ignitor pigtail splice, teflon tubing, cable, and solder splice

WP 007 00: Table 2, Fig-ure 6

Ball Valves 3/4” and 1"

Conbraco 83-500 and 86-500 (or equal)

72219 3-Piece high pressure full port ball valve. Propane flow control valve

WP 004 00: Warning 3, 7.2.lb, 7.2.1c(1).

WP 005 00: 3.d.(2), 3.d.

(3)(a) SWP 005 01: 3.d.(2), 3.d.

(3)(a) WP 007 00: 10, 10 Note 1, 10.a, 10.b, 10.c, Figure 10

SWP 007 01: 2

WP 009 00: 3.c, 3.g

WP 010 00: 8.2

Remote Emergency Stop (ESTOP) Transmitter

NSN Non Assigned Remtron Model 22T09 900 MHz radio remote control transmitter for use in electrically Classified areas (Class 1 group D)

N/A Activate emergency shutdown/stop fuel flow

WP 007 00: Figure 22

Remote Emergency Stop (ESTOP) Receiver/Relay

NSN Non Assigned Remtron Model 22R04 900 MHz radio remote control receiver and relay in a NEMA 9 for use in electrically classified areas (Class 1 group D)

N/A Activate emergency shutdown/stop fuel flow

WP 007 00: Figure 22

NSN Non Assigned Remtron Model 22R04 900 MHz radio remote control receiver and relay in a NEMA 4 enclosure for use in electrically unclassi-fied areas.

N/A Activate emergency shutdown/stop fuel flow

WP 007 00: Figure 22

Table 3. Master List of Consumable Items and Expendable Materials - Continued

Nomenclature Specification/Part No./NSN CAGE Code

Change 3 5

6 Change 3

Self Primping Pump (Bank place-ment with floating strainer)

Any manufactured self-primer and trash centrifugal pump.

Capacity: 300-500 gpm.

Heads: 90-120 feet. Size n/a.

Suction lift: 25 ft. Designed to pass 3 inch solids, raw sew-age, sludge, trash and waste-water.

N/A Pump water from the Water Conservation Pond

WP 007 00: 11

Air Compressor Any manufactured air com-pressor. Not less than free air flow @ 175 psi of 34 cubic feet per minute. Recommen-dations are on air pressure 140 psi. Off air pressure 175 psi.

Splash-lubricated, cast-iron compressor. 3 phase electric driver for compressor, if three phase power is available at the power panel.

N/A Replace the nitrogen sup-ply system (optional).

Provide appropriate pro-tection from environ-mental elements.

WP 007 00:20

Air Reservoir/ Accumulator Tank

Any manufactured air reser-voir/accumulator tank: A sin-gle unit or may be a separate stand-a-lone feature. Not less than 80 gallons suitable for 250 psi pressure. Appropriate relief valve for 250 psi maxi-mum pressure. Where high pressure or high volume com-pressors are used, ensure the tank relief valve is rated based on the compressor output. ¾-inch NPT female outlet. An automatic moisture drain is recommended.

N/A May be integrated with air compressor

WP 007 00: 20

Table 3. Master List of Consumable Items and Expendable Materials - Continued

Nomenclature Specification/Part No./NSN CAGE Code

Filter-Regulator- Lubricator Assem-bly

Any manufactured filter-regu-lator-lubricator assembly: This will be installed down stream of the reservoir/accumulator.

Suitable for 250 psi inlet pres-sure. Operating Temperature 32 to 150 degrees F (0 to 65.5 degrees C). Suggested lubri-cant is Airline Oil F442001.

Filter-Appropriate for 250 psi maximum pressure, ¾-inch ports capable of high flow capacity not less than 165 SCFM, size 5 micron. Capac-ity not less than 2.80 ounces with an automatic drain fea-ture. Regulator-Appropriate for 300 psi maximum supply pressure, ¾-inch ports capa-ble of high flow capacity not less than 175 SCFM. Adjust-ing range 0 to 250 PSIG, with 0 to 300 PSIG pressure gauge.

Lubricator-Appropriate for 250 psi maximum pressure, ¾-inch ports capable of high flow capacity not less than 200 SCFM, minimum flow for lubrication not more than 1.5 SCFM. Capacity not less than

6.0 ounces of lubricant, man-ual drain. Recommended: The filter-regulator-lubricator should be a single assembly of one manufacturer.

N/A Integrated with air reser-voir/accumulator tank

WP 007 00: 20

* The water pump shall be equipped with a seal leak detection probe and warning control system.

**Both nozzles have a square pattern which must be aligned with the fuselage. Where these nozzles were originally installed, no special changes will be required. Where standard fire suppressions sprinklers were installed, increasing bushings will be required between the current pipe and the new nozzle.

Table 3. Master List of Consumable Items and Expendable Materials - Continued

Nomenclature Specification/Part No./NSN CAGE Code

Change 3 7/(8 blank)

WP 004 00

WORK PACKAGE

LIST OF EFFECTIVE WP PAGES

Total Number of Pages in this WP is 6 Consisting of the Following:

*Zero in this column indicates an original page.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paragraph Page Paragraph Page

FOREWORD

1 General

1.1 Hazardous Materials

1.2 Protective Clothing

2 Requirements 3 Abnormal Conditions 4 Explosive Hazards 5 Resuscitation 6 Emergency Procedures

7 Procedures

7.1 Training Instructor

7.2 Safety Officer

7.3 Ignition Officer

7.4 Training Disciplines

8 AFTF Modification 9 Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS)

Training Systems

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

NONE

LIST OF TABLES

NONE

REFERENCE MATERIAL REQUIRED

APPLICABLE TCTOS

NONE

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS

SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION

EFFECTIVITY: AIRCRAFT FIRE TRAINING FACILITY

2 - 3

4 - 5 6 Blank

Page *Change No. No.

Page *Change No. No.

Page *Change No. No.

DOCUMENT NUMBER TITLE

TO 00-105E-9

Aerospace Emergency Rescue and Mishap Response Information (Emergency Services)

AFM 91-201 Explosive Safety Standards NFPA 1500 Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program

CONSUMABLE MATERIALS

NONE

APPLICABLE SUPPORT EQUIPMENT

NONE

ILLUSTRATED SUPPORT EQUIPMENT

NONE

FOREWORD

This work package contains setup and operating procedures for the Aircraft Fire Training Facility (AFTF) in all climatic conditions and the AFTF is not winterized. These proce-dures include pre-exercise inspection, pre-exercise setup, training exercise, and system shutdown and clean up.

1 GENERAL.

Safety requirements will be complied with during all opera-tions. All personnel engaged in operations involving hazard-ous material shall be thoroughly trained in safety. They shall be capable of recognizing hazardous situations and condi-tions. Thinking safety and working safely must become a habit when working with or near items that can create a hazard because of their explosive, thermal, flammable, or toxic characteristics.

1.1 Hazardous Materials. When an abnormal condi-

tion is noted and procedures are not available in this manual, training shall be stopped and authorized personnel shall be called for help in eliminating the hazard. Operations shall not be resumed until the hazard has been eliminated. Haz-ardous material information can be found in TO 00-105E-9, Chapter 3 and hazardous material publications used to deter-mine relative toxicity, flammability, thermal stability, per-missible extinguishing agents and other pertinent data for a given substance.

1.2 Protective Clothing. Once firefighters enter the

burn area, no additional fires shall be ignited. Protective clothing in accordance with National Fire Protection Associ-ation (NFPA) 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, and 1976 shall be used to prevent burns from extensive heat and hot surfaces.

Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) shall be worn for all fires.

2 REQUIREMENTS.

The explosive safety standards of AFM 91-201, Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) and NFPA 1500 Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program standards will be followed. Lack of a safety requirement in this TO or the above reference does not indicate that no safeguards are needed. If a dangerous situation is encoun-tered, other than expected dangers addressed during the exercise pre-brief, all operations shall be terminated. Per-sonnel shall evacuate the training area. Authorized person-nel shall be notified to correct hazard. Operations shall not be resumed until the hazard has been eliminated.

3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS.

When an abnormal condition is noted and correction proce-dures are not available in this manual, training shall be ter-minated. Personnel will be evacuated from the training area.

Authorized personnel shall be notified to eliminate the haz-ard. Operations shall not be resumed until the hazard has been eliminated.

4 EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS.

Liquid propane used in the facility is a potential explosive.

If hazardous conditions are encountered all operations shall be terminated. Personnel will be evacuated to a safe site.

Authorized personnel shall be called to eliminate the hazard.

Operations shall not resume until the hazard has been elimi-nated.

5 RESUSCITATION.

Personnel working with or near high voltage equipment should be familiar with modern methods of resuscitation.

Such information can be obtained from the base medical facility.

6 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES.

The procedures under this heading shall be used in case of an emergency. Personnel directly and indirectly related to any training exercise using the Aircraft Fire Training Facil-ity shall be thoroughly familiar with the procedures con-tained herein. During any phase of training, if an unsafe or emergency condition is observed, any member of the train-ing evolution can declare an emergency. Upon declaration of an emergency, the Ignition Officer on the control stand shall perform the following:

a. PUSH emergency shutdown switch IN. (Off position)

b. CLOSE all burner control ball valves.

c. Position all ignitor switches to OFF.

d. Verify that all personnel have evacuated the burn area.

e. Notify appropriate agency for correction of problem.

f. Tag inoperable components out of service, if applica-ble.

g. If emergency shut down was initiated while burners are operating, LPG will be trapped in lines from the control stand ball valves to individual burner emer-gency shutdown coaxial valves. These lines shall be purged prior to troubleshooting/maintenance actions.

Under these conditions, the Ignition Officer on the control stand shall perform the following:

(1) Position appropriate ignitor switch to the ON posi-tion.

(2) PULL emergency shutdown switch OUT.

(3) Allow trapped LPG to burn off.

(4) Position appropriate ignitor switch to the OFF position.

(5) PUSH emergency shutdown switch IN.

NOTE

Tag and lock out valves and switches to any inop-erable burners or ignitors.

7 PROCEDURES.

• Extremely high temperatures and hot surfaces will be encountered during training exercises. It is imperative to wear appropriate protective clothing. Failure to comply may cause serious injury or death to personnel. SCBA shall be uti-lized for all exercises.

• While attempting to ignite fires, flames should be present within a reasonable time (5-10 sec-onds), if not, close manual propane valve(s), shut off appropriate ignitors, and allow LPG in burn area to dissipate before attempting re-igni-tion. Failure to comply could pose a serious risk of explosive gas build-up.

• If firefighters extinguish any fires while LPG is flowing to burner(s), push emergency shutdown switch IN, close all burner control ball valves, and turn all ignitor switches to OFF.

• Make sure ignitor-cooling water jackets are properly operating.

• All distractions during all training exercises are strictly prohibited. Any type of distraction can cause inattention to detail with personnel en-gaged in the training exercise. With LP-gas flowing and fire present, personnel may inad-vertently be injured, burned, or both, resulting in extreme burns or death.

7.1 Training Instructor. Training Instructor responsi-

bilities include:

a. Shall be in control of the training exercise and have sole responsibility for the training exercise, to include all students, instructors and equipment. Dedicated radio communication shall be established between Training Instructor in Charge, Safety Officer, and Ignition Officer.

b. Shall confirm all Pre-Exercise Inspection and Set Up procedures have been completed.

c. Shall pre-brief, assign personnel duties, initiate, over-see, evaluate, terminate, and de-brief the training exercise.

7.2 Safety Officer. Safety Officer responsibilities

include:

a. Shall make sure the Ignition Officer has properly con-figured the control stand for emergency shutdown and normal operation.

b. Shall report to the Training Officer in Charge that the training exercise may commence.

NOTE

Pre-burn time will not exceed 3 minutes (180 sec-onds) during warm or cold weather and with the beginning of fire suppression operations. If these times are exceeded, execute normal shut down, wait at least 5 minutes and resume training. Actual exercise burn time will be determined by the Train-ing Instructor in Charge. After manual control valves are closed, fire will burn an additional 15 to 25 seconds.

7.3 Ignition Officer. The responsibilities of the Igni-

tion Officer include:

a. Slowly open the propane manifold shutoff valve.

b. Ignite selected burners by activating the appropriate ignitor switch and slowly opening the corresponding burner control ball valve until flame is present.

Repeat steps until all required burners are ignited.

c. Exercise Shut Down Procedures:

(1) Close burner control ball valve(s).

(2) Position all ignitor switches to OFF.

4 Change 3

All distractions during all training…